treatments-xml/data/03/9D/B6/039DB6551618FFE9B497E2DF6F5ECF3B.xml
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<emphasis id="B940DB511618FFF7B497E2DF698ECF6D" bold="true" box="[425,727,504,529]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="330">Paratrechina longicornis</emphasis>
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)
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(
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(ac))
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<treatmentCitation id="0A9521521618FFF7B59EE168690DCF1B" author="Latreille PA" box="[160,596,591,615]" page="113" pageId="14" pageNumber="330" year="1802">
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<emphasis id="B940DB511618FFF7B59EE1686A2FCF1B" box="[160,374,591,615]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="330">Formica longicornis</emphasis>
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(w.)
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. Afrotropical
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</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="B940DB511618FFF7B59EE1B46A4DCFD1" bold="true" box="[160,276,659,685]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="330">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B940DB511618FFF7B59EE1906BB4CFB3" box="[160,237,695,719]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="330">Worker</emphasis>
. A relatively small species (TL 2.303.00); antennae long with 12 segments; scapes exceptionally long, when laid back from their insertions surpassing posterior margin of head by at least one-half its length; eyes close to posterior margin of head; legs extraordinarily long. Colour: head, mesosoma, petiole and gaster dark brown to blackish brown; body with faint bluish iridescence. Pilosity long, stout, scattered, suberect to erect, greyish or whitish setae.
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="B940DB511618FFF7B59EE08F6AD9CEBE" bold="true" box="[160,384,936,962]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="330">Material examined</emphasis>
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leg.),
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22 April
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23 April
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, 372 m, (M.
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leg.),
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(5 w,
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, W.
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o,
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21 April
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, 196 m, (M.
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.
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leg.),
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, (6 w,
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,
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23 April
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, 355 m, (M.
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.
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leg.),
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,
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(1 w,
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, W.
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,
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20 April
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, 198 m, (M.
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leg.),
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(3 w,
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21 April
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, 180 m, (M.
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leg.),
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(3 w,
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24 April
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, 610 m, (M.
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.
<collectorName id="26C162951618FFF7B7A3E66D69BAC81E" box="[669,739,1354,1378]" pageId="14" pageNumber="330">Sharaf</collectorName>
leg.),
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,
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(1 w,
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.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<emphasis id="B940DB511618FFF7B59EE6976A2EC8B6" bold="true" box="[160,375,1456,1482]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="330">Geographic range</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8B07431618FFF7B59EE6F268DDCBE6" blockId="14.[160,1155,1456,1690]" pageId="14" pageNumber="330">
Among the region s most successful invasive species (
<bibRefCitation id="EFA57AB21618FFF7B623E6F2689AC891" author="Wetterer JK" box="[797,963,1493,1517]" pageId="14" pageNumber="330" pagination="137 - 149" refId="ref21153" refString="Wetterer JK. 2008. Worldwide spread of the longhorn crazy ant, Paratrechina longicornis (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Myrmecoloigcal News. 11: 137 - 149." type="journal article" year="2008">Wetterer 2008</bibRefCitation>
), this ant is frequently distributed by human commerce and usually found in disturbed sites. In many areas of
<collectingCountry id="F32347D31618FFF7B43EE53D6A18CB4E" box="[256,321,1562,1586]" name="Egypt" pageId="14" pageNumber="330">Egypt</collectingCountry>
and
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, the senior author has observed high populations of this species where garbage and human wastes were found. It was recorded from several countries of the Arabian Peninsula,
<collectingCountry id="F32347D31618FFF7B499E5476A8ACB04" box="[423,467,1632,1656]" name="Saudi Arabia" pageId="14" pageNumber="330">KSA</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFA57AB21618FFF7B4DFE54769E8CB04" author="Collingwood CA" box="[481,689,1632,1656]" pageId="14" pageNumber="330" pagination="230 - 302" refId="ref18149" refString="Collingwood CA. 1985. Hymenoptera: fam. Formicidae of Saudi Arabia. Fauna Saudi Arabia. 7: 230 - 302." type="journal article" year="1985">Collingwood 1985</bibRefCitation>
),
<collectingCountry id="F32347D31618FFF7B7F9E547684CCB04" box="[711,789,1632,1656]" name="Yemen" pageId="14" pageNumber="330">Yemen</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFA57AB21618FFF7B61DE5476F2FCB04" author="Collingwood CA &amp; Agosti D" box="[803,1142,1632,1656]" pageId="14" pageNumber="330" pagination="300 - 385" refId="ref18173" refString="Collingwood CA, Agosti D. 1996. Formicidae (Insecta: Hymenoptera) of Saudi Arabia (part 2). Fauna of Saudi Arabia. 15: 300 - 385." type="journal article" year="1996">Collingwood and Agosti 1996</bibRefCitation>
),
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(
<bibRefCitation id="EFA57AB21618FFF7B5E3E5A56AB7CBE6" author="Collingwood CA &amp; Agosti D &amp; Sharaf MR &amp; Van Harten A" box="[221,494,1666,1690]" pageId="14" pageNumber="330" pagination="405 - 474" refId="ref18206" refString="Collingwood CA, Agosti D, Sharaf MR, Van Harten A. 2011. Order hymenoptera, family Formicidae. Arthropod Fauna of the UAE. 4: 405 - 474." type="journal article" year="2011">Collingwood et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
),
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(
<bibRefCitation id="EFA57AB21618FFF7B759E5A56821CBE6" author="Collingwood CA &amp; Pohl H &amp; Guesten R &amp; Wranik W &amp; Van Harten A" box="[615,888,1666,1690]" pageId="14" pageNumber="330" pagination="473 - 495" refId="ref18239" refString="Collingwood CA, Pohl H, Guesten R, Wranik W, Van Harten A. 2004. The ants (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of the Socotra Archipelago. Fauna of Arabia. 20: 473 - 495." type="journal article" year="2004">Collingwood et al. 2004</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF4B57CB1619FFF6B59EE58A6AFBCB83" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5184309" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5184309" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5184309/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="331" startId="15.[160,225,1709,1732]" targetBox="[287,1027,142,1668]" targetPageId="15">
<paragraph id="8B8B07431619FFF6B59EE58A6AFBCB83" blockId="15.[160,1157,1709,1791]" pageId="15" pageNumber="331">
<emphasis id="B940DB511619FFF6B59EE58A6BA4CBB8" bold="true" box="[160,253,1709,1732]" pageId="15" pageNumber="331">Figure 7.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C347CC01619FFF6B438E58A6AA8CBB8" baseAuthorityName="Latreille" baseAuthorityYear="1802" box="[262,497,1709,1732]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Paratrechina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="331" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longicornis">
<emphasis id="B940DB511619FFF6B438E58A6AA8CBB8" box="[262,497,1709,1732]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="331">Paratrechina longicornis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. (a) Body in profile. (b) Head in full-face view, CASENT0746631, AntWeb.org, (Zach Lieberman). (c) Distribution map, blue circles from recent records, red circles from
<bibRefCitation id="EFA57AB21619FFF6B59EE5CF6AC7CB83" author="Collingwood CA &amp; Pohl H &amp; Guesten R &amp; Wranik W &amp; Van Harten A" box="[160,414,1768,1791]" pageId="15" pageNumber="331" pagination="473 - 495" refId="ref18239" refString="Collingwood CA, Pohl H, Guesten R, Wranik W, Van Harten A. 2004. The ants (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of the Socotra Archipelago. Fauna of Arabia. 20: 473 - 495." type="journal article" year="2004">Collingwood et al. (2004)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C32E54C81606FFE9B59EE3AA6F5ECF3B" pageId="16" pageNumber="332" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8B8B07431606FFE9B59EE3AA694CCDDB" blockId="16.[160,1156,141,583]" box="[160,533,141,167]" pageId="16" pageNumber="332">
<emphasis id="B940DB511606FFE9B59EE3AA694CCDDB" bold="true" box="[160,533,141,167]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="332">Ecological and biological notes</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8B07431606FFE9B59EE3956F5ECF3B" blockId="16.[160,1156,141,583]" pageId="16" pageNumber="332">
The known habitats of this species are diverse, no doubt enabling its wide distribution. We observed
<taxonomicName id="4C347CC01606FFE9B47EE3F36912CD90" baseAuthorityName="Latreille" baseAuthorityYear="1802" box="[320,587,212,236]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Paratrechina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="332" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longicornis">
<emphasis id="B940DB511606FFE9B47EE3F36912CD90" box="[320,587,212,236]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="332">Paratrechina longicornis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
nesting in moist soil under a rock adjacent to a date palm tree. Another nest was collected from dry soil under shrub
<taxonomicName id="4C347CC01606FFE9B692E3D06A1BCC4E" authority="Mill." authorityName="Mill." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhamnaceae" genus="Frangula" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="16" pageNumber="332" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alnus">
<emphasis id="B940DB511606FFE9B692E3D06F17CC73" box="[940,1102,247,271]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="332">Frangula alnus</emphasis>
Mill. (Rhamnaceae)
</taxonomicName>
. Many workers were found in leaf litter under a date palm tree where the soil was moist and rich in accumulated sheep and goat faeces. Several workers were foraging in leaf litter on dry soil under an
<taxonomicName id="4C347CC01606FFE9B780E2786FDACC0B" authority="(Zucc.) Trotter" authorityName="Trotter" baseAuthorityName="Zucc." box="[702,1155,351,375]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Eragrostis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="16" pageNumber="332" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tef">
<emphasis id="B940DB511606FFE9B780E278680ACC0B" box="[702,851,351,375]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="332">Eragrostis tef</emphasis>
(Zucc.) Trotter (Poaceae)
</taxonomicName>
tree, where the soil was dry. A nest was observed under a rock in moist, compacted, clay soil. Hundreds of workers were foraging in moist leaf litter and on twigs of a small shrub. Several workers were nesting under a stone in humid soil and next to banana plantations. A nest was found under a rock next to a dragon blood tree,
<taxonomicName id="4C347CC01606FFE9B124E2CD6A18CF58" authority="Balf." authorityName="Balf." class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Dracaena" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="16" pageNumber="332" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cinnabari">
<emphasis id="B940DB511606FFE9B124E2CD6A5FCF58" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="332">Dracaena cinnabari</emphasis>
Balf.
</taxonomicName>
f. (
<taxonomicName id="4C347CC01606FFE9B469E12B6AA0CF58" authorityName="de Jussieu" authorityYear="1789" box="[343,505,524,548]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="16" pageNumber="332" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Asparagaceae</taxonomicName>
). This species has been reported as a pest in greenhouses in both temperate and tropical regions (
<bibRefCitation id="EFA57AB21606FFE9B752E108684ACF3B" author="Nylander W" box="[620,787,559,583]" pageId="16" pageNumber="332" pagination="51 - 109" refId="ref19984" refString="Nylander W. 1856. Synopsis des formicides de France et d' Algerie. Annales des Sciences Naturelles Zoologie. 5: 51 - 109." type="journal article" year="1856">Nylander 1856</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFA57AB21606FFE9B61FE10868A3CF3B" author="Motschoulsky V" box="[801,1018,559,583]" pageId="16" pageNumber="332" pagination="1 - 153" refId="ref19929" refString="Motschoulsky V. 1863. Essai d' un catalogue des insectes de l' ile Ceylan. Bulletin de la Societe Bull Soc Nat Moscou. 36: 1 - 153." type="journal article" year="1863">Motschoulsky 1863</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>