700 lines
97 KiB
XML
700 lines
97 KiB
XML
<document id="50F140A6F6655A12F572691BFD45F739" ID-DOI="10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad104" ID-ISSN="0024-4082" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11248861" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="carolina" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.metadata_approvedBy="carolina" IM.tables_approvedBy="carolina" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="carolina" IM.treatments_approvedBy="carolina" checkinTime="1716362955007" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Lavrov, Andrey, Ekimova, Irina, Schepetov, Dimitry, Koinova, Alexandra & Ereskovsky, Alexander" docDate="2024" docId="039D223DFFACFFE2FC27FE42624FFA23" docLanguage="en" docName="zlad104.pdf" docOrigin="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200" docStyle="DocumentStyle:36B3BD6A90C22AB4F7F465C853188CC8.7:ZoolJLinnSoc.2017-2023.journal_article" docStyleId="36B3BD6A90C22AB4F7F465C853188CC8" docStyleName="ZoolJLinnSoc.2017-2023.journal_article" docStyleVersion="7" docTitle="Leucosolenia corallorrhiza" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="893" masterDocId="FFA45A45FFA0FFF3FFB6FF80673CFFE4" masterDocTitle="The complex case of the calcareous sponge Leucosolenia complicata % Porifera: Calcarea): hidden diversity in Boreal and Arctic regions with description of a new species" masterLastPageNumber="914" masterPageNumber="876" pageNumber="888" updateTime="1716488649502" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="9CD35AAD9DB8282BCB0FECEE0D0310E1">The complex case of the calcareous sponge Leucosolenia complicata % Porifera: Calcarea): hidden diversity in Boreal and Arctic regions with description of a new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="7B616A5F025E58180FA0F5D445F0B493">Lavrov, Andrey</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="0098C62C7C66997ADF67957A3ABB775E">Ekimova, Irina</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="8D46BB021C2C49D9A3FF9DFBD49D1E66" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="FD2B85BF14F5168DEE6DA3F78D36B654">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="34A8CA4AE37C505316B7B2E72E840F28">Schepetov, Dimitry</mods:namePart>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="43505C78D1DE3A21C0D529BA899202A6">Koinova, Alexandra</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="39C32EF9A8CAE77FB56FB2DFC5899967" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="C089E464721E220EBD3FA6AF88AC2EB2">Ereskovsky, Alexander</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="8A341D09B1D69622D1F8ED1FA1765C9D">Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="476CEB9AA7789EB004C03A27D58B14AD">
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<mods:date id="4683A1628DA910054A8320BAEB6377BB">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="C6C03F1559651D72AAD305811BC9697E">2023-10-19</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="60BBA507B5DB71E2F82EBFCBBE77D47F">200</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="80D5044788A86F5745B8D4F0600F7E88">876</mods:start>
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<mods:identifier id="D1447F5E1DB07D6984056C114F5A3C59" type="DOI">10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad104</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="039D223DFFACFFE2FC27FE42624FFA23" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11265501" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11265501" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039D223DFFACFFE2FC27FE42624FFA23" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039D223DFFACFFE2FC27FE42624FFA23" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="893" pageId="12" pageNumber="888">
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<subSubSection id="C32EC0A0FFACFFFFFC27FE426270FE38" box="[913,1356,450,477]" pageId="12" pageNumber="888" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B8B932BFFACFFFFFC27FE426270FE38" blockId="12.[913,1356,450,477]" box="[913,1356,450,477]" pageId="12" pageNumber="888">
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<heading id="D0C32447FFACFFFFFC27FE426270FE38" box="[913,1356,450,477]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="888" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="4C34E8A8FFACFFFFFC27FE426270FE38" ID-CoL="8554R" authority="(Haeckel, 1872)" baseAuthorityName="Haeckel" baseAuthorityYear="1872" box="[913,1356,450,477]" class="Calcarea" family="Leucosoleniidae" genus="Leucosolenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="12" pageNumber="888" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="corallorrhiza">
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<emphasis id="B9404F39FFACFFFFFC27FE426270FE38" bold="true" box="[913,1356,450,477]" pageId="12" pageNumber="888">
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<emphasis id="B9404F39FFACFFFFFC27FE4263A7FE39" bold="true" box="[913,1179,450,477]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="888">Leucosolenia corallorrhiza</emphasis>
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(Haeckel, 1872)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C32EC0A0FFACFFFFFBB2FE7463E6FDEA" box="[1028,1242,500,526]" pageId="12" pageNumber="888" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B8B932BFFACFFFFFBB2FE7463E6FDEA" blockId="12.[1028,1242,500,526]" box="[1028,1242,500,526]" pageId="12" pageNumber="888">
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||
<heading id="D0C32447FFACFFFFFBB2FE7463E6FDEA" box="[1028,1242,500,526]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="888" reason="3">
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||
<emphasis id="B9404F39FFACFFFFFBB2FE7463E6FDEA" bold="true" box="[1028,1242,500,526]" pageId="12" pageNumber="888">
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||
(
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<figureCitation id="130F8FAEFFACFFFFFBB8FE74634AFDEA" box="[1038,1142,500,526]" captionStart-0="Figure 7" captionStart-1="Figure 8" captionStart-2="Figure 9" captionStart-3="Figure 10" captionStartId-0="13.[129,194,1284,1308]" captionStartId-1="14.[113,178,1353,1377]" captionStartId-2="15.[129,194,1668,1692]" captionStartId-3="16.[113,178,1869,1893]" captionTargetBox-0="[129,1473,142,1255]" captionTargetBox-1="[146,1426,142,1324]" captionTargetBox-2="[129,1473,144,1641]" captionTargetBox-3="[220,1354,147,1840]" captionTargetId-0="figure-323@13.[129,1473,142,1255]" captionTargetId-1="figure-283@14.[146,1426,142,1324]" captionTargetId-2="figure-95@15.[129,1473,144,1641]" captionTargetId-3="figure-7@16.[219,1354,145,1841]" captionTargetPageId-0="13" captionTargetPageId-1="14" captionTargetPageId-2="15" captionTargetPageId-3="16" captionText-0="Figure 7. Leucosolenia corallorrhiza %Haeckel* 1872) external morphology and skeleton. A* general morphology %WS11642); B* skeleton of oscular rim %WS11653); C* skeleton of oscular tube %WS11653); D* skeleton of cormus %WS11653). Abbreviations: c* cormus; d* diverticulum; o* osculum; oc* oscular crown; ot* oscular tube." captionText-1="Figure 8. Leucosolenia corallorrhiza %Haeckel* 1872) spicule types* scanning electron microscopy.A* curved lanceolate diactines; B* tips of diactines* I and II refer to the zones marked on A* white arrowheads mark spines; C* tetractine; D* triactines." captionText-2="Figure 9. Leucosolenia corallorrhiza %Haeckel* 1872) body wall structure and cell types of bordering tissues. A* B* semi-thin sections of body wall of sponge; C* exopinacocyte; D* endopinacocyte; E* choanocytes* inset—junctions between choanocytes; F* porocyte. Scale bars: A* 50 µm; B* 20 µm; C–F* 2 µm* inset—0.2 µm. Abbreviations: am* amoebocyte; ch* choanocytes; chd* choanoderm; en* endopinacocyte; exp* exopinacoderm; f* flagellum; m* mesohyl; mv* microvilli; n* nucleus; ph* phagosome; po* porocytes; sb* symbiotic bacteria." captionText-3="Figure 10. Leucosolenia corallorrhiza %Haeckel* 1872) mesohyl cell types and symbiotic bacteria.A* sclerocytes* inset—septate junctions between sclerocytes; B* amoebocytes; C* D* granular cells in the body wall; E* granular cell; F* degraded granular cell; G* myocytes* inset— bundles of myofilaments; H* I* symbiotic bacteria* morphotype 1. Scale bars: A* B* E* F* 2 µm; C* 50 µm; C* 20 µm; G* 5 µm; H* 0.5 µm; I* 1 µm. Abbreviations: ch* choanocytes; chd* choanoderm; ex* exopinacocyte; exp* exopinacoderm; f* flagellum; gc* granular cells; gr* granule; m* mesohyl; mf* myofibrils; mv* microvilli; my* myocytes; n* nucleus; po* porocytes; sb* symbiotic bacteria; sp* spicule." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11248885" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11248889" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11248893" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11248897" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/11248885/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/11248889/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/11248893/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/11248897/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="888">Figs 7–10</figureCitation>
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;
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<tableCitation id="C6B6A690FFACFFFFFB34FE7463F3FDEA" box="[1154,1231,500,526]" captionStart="Table 5" captionStartId="17.[129,184,143,167]" captionTargetBox="[129,1474,189,542]" captionText="Table 5. Spicule dimensions of Leucosolenia corallorrhiza %Haeckel 1872)." pageId="12" pageNumber="888">Table 5</tableCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C32EC0A0FFACFFFFFC9CFD9B6211FD2B" pageId="12" pageNumber="888" type="reference_group">
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||
<paragraph id="8B8B932BFFACFFFFFC9CFD9B6358FD54" blockId="12.[810,1459,539,719]" pageId="12" pageNumber="888">
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||
=
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<taxonomicName id="4C34E8A8FFACFFFFFC8FFD9B635DFDD7" authority="Haeckel" authorityName="Haeckel" box="[825,1121,539,563]" class="Calcarea" family="Clathrinidae" genus="Ascortis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clathrinida" pageId="12" pageNumber="888" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="corallorrhiza">
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<emphasis id="B9404F39FFACFFFFFC8FFD9B6337FDD7" box="[825,1035,539,563]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="888">Ascortis corallorrhiza</emphasis>
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Haeckel
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</taxonomicName>
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* 1872 =
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<taxonomicName id="4C34E8A8FFACFFFFFB77FD9B6446FDB6" authority="* Haeckel" authorityName="Haeckel" genus="Sycorrhiza" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clathrinida" pageId="12" pageNumber="888" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="corallorrhiza">
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<emphasis id="B9404F39FFACFFFFFB77FD9B6292FDD7" box="[1217,1454,539,563]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="888">Sycorrhiza corallorrhiza</emphasis>
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* Haeckel
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</taxonomicName>
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* 1870 =
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<taxonomicName id="4C34E8A8FFACFFFFFC6FFDBA6219FDB6" authority="Haeckel" authorityName="Haeckel" box="[985,1317,570,594]" class="Calcarea" family="Clathrinidae" genus="Auloplegma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clathrinida" pageId="12" pageNumber="888" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="corallorrhiza">
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<emphasis id="B9404F39FFACFFFFFC6FFDBA63ECFDB6" box="[985,1232,570,594]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="888">Auloplegma corallorrhiza</emphasis>
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Haeckel
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</taxonomicName>
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* 1872
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<emphasis id="B9404F39FFACFFFFFC9CFDD9640BFD95" box="[810,823,601,625]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="888">=</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C34E8A8FFACFFFFFC81FDD963D4FD95" ID-CoL="7262R" authority="% Alvizu et al. 2018" authorityName="Alvizu" authorityYear="2018" box="[823,1256,601,625]" class="Calcarea" family="Leucosoleniidae" genus="Leucosolenia" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="12" pageNumber="888" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="variabilis">
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<emphasis id="B9404F39FFACFFFFFC81FDD96489FD95" box="[823,949,601,625]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="888">Leucosolenia</emphasis>
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||
cf.
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<emphasis id="B9404F39FFACFFFFFC63FDD96312FD95" box="[981,1070,601,625]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="888">variabilis</emphasis>
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||
%
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA5EEDAFFACFFFFFB8BFDD963D4FD95" author="Alvizu" box="[1085,1256,601,625]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Alvizu" pageId="12" pageNumber="888" pagination="279 - 90" refId="ref22399" refString="Alvizu A * Eilertsen MH * Xavier JR et al. Increased taxon sampling provides new insights into the phylogeny and evolution of the subclass Calcaronea % Porifera * Calcarea). Organisms Diversity & Evolution 2018; 18: 279 - 90." type="journal article" year="2018">
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Alvizu
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<emphasis id="B9404F39FFACFFFFFB35FDDA638DFD95" box="[1155,1201,601,625]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="888">et al.</emphasis>
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2018
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</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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* Lavrov
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<emphasis id="B9404F39FFACFFFFFA8BFDDA6257FD95" box="[1341,1387,601,625]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="888">et al.</emphasis>
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2018). =
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<taxonomicName id="4C34E8A8FFACFFFFFC8FFDF96276FD75" ID-CoL="7262R" authority="% Lavrov and Ereskovsky 2022" authorityName="% Lavrov and Ereskovsky" authorityYear="2022" box="[825,1354,633,657]" class="Calcarea" family="Leucosoleniidae" genus="Leucosolenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="12" pageNumber="888" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="variabilis">
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<emphasis id="B9404F39FFACFFFFFC8FFDF96328FD75" box="[825,1044,633,657]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="888">Leucosolenia variabilis</emphasis>
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%Lavrov and Ereskovsky 2022
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</taxonomicName>
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* Lavrov
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<emphasis id="B9404F39FFACFFFFFA14FDF9647FFD54" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="888">et al.</emphasis>
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2022* Melnikov
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||
<emphasis id="B9404F39FFACFFFFFC5AFD196327FD54" box="[1004,1051,664,688]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="888">et al.</emphasis>
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||
2022).
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8B8B932BFFACFFFFFC9CFD386211FD2B" blockId="12.[810,1459,539,719]" box="[810,1325,695,719]" pageId="12" pageNumber="888">
|
||
=
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C34E8A8FFACFFFFFC8FFD376221FD2B" ID-CoL="6PTPB" authority="% Ereskovsky et al. 2017 a" authorityName="Ereskovsky" authorityYear="2017" box="[825,1309,695,719]" class="Calcarea" family="Leucosoleniidae" genus="Leucosolenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="12" pageNumber="888" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="complicata">
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||
<emphasis id="B9404F39FFACFFFFFC8FFD37631FFD2B" box="[825,1059,695,719]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="888">Leucosolenia complicata</emphasis>
|
||
%Ereskovsky
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<emphasis id="B9404F39FFACFFFFFB1DFD3863EFFD2B" box="[1195,1235,695,719]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="888">et al</emphasis>
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||
. 2017a
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
).
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C32EC0A0FFACFFFFFC9CFD716228FB92" pageId="12" pageNumber="888" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8B932BFFACFFFFFC9CFD7163DCFCED" blockId="12.[810,1248,753,777]" box="[810,1248,753,777]" pageId="12" pageNumber="888">
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||
<emphasis id="B9404F39FFACFFFFFC9CFD716484FCED" box="[810,952,753,777]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="888">
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||
<typeStatus id="548F2D89FFACFFFFFC9CFD716466FCEC" box="[810,858,753,776]" pageId="12" pageNumber="888">Type</typeStatus>
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||
material:
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||
</emphasis>
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||
<typeStatus id="548F2D89FFACFFFFFC75FD7164C4FCED" box="[963,1016,753,777]" pageId="12" pageNumber="888">Type</typeStatus>
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||
material is not known.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8B8B932BFFACFFFFFC9CFCAB637DFC65" blockId="12.[810,1459,810,897]" pageId="12" pageNumber="888">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B5C9976FFACFFFFFC9CFCAB64E3FC85" country="Norway" location="Rapp" pageId="12" pageNumber="888" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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||
<emphasis id="B9404F39FFACFFFFFC9CFCAB6493FCA6" box="[810,943,810,834]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="888">
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||
<typeStatus id="548F2D89FFACFFFFFC9CFCAB6466FCA6" box="[810,858,811,834]" pageId="12" pageNumber="888">Type</typeStatus>
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||
locality:
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||
</emphasis>
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Haeckel based his description on
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<specimenCount id="9D3258A2FFACFFFFFA95FCAA628EFCA6" box="[1315,1458,810,834]" count="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="888" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
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||
from
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||
<collectingCountry id="F323D3BBFFACFFFFFCD4FCCA6488FC86" box="[866,948,842,866]" name="Norway" pageId="12" pageNumber="888">Norway</collectingCountry>
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||
and
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B5C9976FFACFFFFFC53FCCA630DFC64" country="Norway" location="Rapp" pageId="12" pageNumber="888" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
one from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F323D3BBFFACFFFFFBFFFCC9638EFC85" box="[1097,1202,841,865]" name="Greenland" pageId="12" pageNumber="888">Greenland</collectingCountry>
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||
* without designating the
|
||
<typeStatus id="548F2D89FFACFFFFFC9CFCE96464FC65" box="[810,856,873,897]" pageId="12" pageNumber="888">type</typeStatus>
|
||
material %
|
||
<location id="8EEBC5F0FFACFFFFFC76FCE964CBFC64" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039D223DFFACFFE2FC27FE42624FFA23:8EEBC5F0FFACFFFFFC76FCE964CBFC64" box="[960,1015,873,896]" country="Norway" name="Rapp" pageId="12" pageNumber="888">Rapp</location>
|
||
2015
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8B932BFFACFFFFFC9CFC226228FB92" blockId="12.[810,1459,930,1142]" pageId="12" pageNumber="888">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9404F39FFACFFFFFC9CFC2264EFFC5E" box="[810,979,930,954]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="888">Material studied:</emphasis>
|
||
Altogether
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D3258A2FFACFFFFFBE1FC2263CEFC5E" box="[1111,1266,930,954]" count="177" pageId="12" pageNumber="888" type="generic">177 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
. Molecular data—
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D3258A2FFACFFFFFC9CFC4164F9FC3D" box="[810,965,961,985]" count="177" pageId="12" pageNumber="888" type="generic">177 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
* external morphology—
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D3258A2FFACFFFFFB60FC416252FC3D" box="[1238,1390,961,985]" count="177" pageId="12" pageNumber="888" type="generic">177 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C34E8A8FFACFFFFFAD8FC416464FC1C" class="Calcarea" family="Clathrinidae" genus="Clathrina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clathrinida" pageId="12" pageNumber="888" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="skeleton">* skeleton</taxonomicName>
|
||
organization—
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D3258A2FFACFFFFFBB3FC61639AFC1D" box="[1029,1190,993,1017]" count="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="888" type="generic">two specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
%WS11650* WS11653)* spicules %SEM)—
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D3258A2FFACFFFFFC47FB8063A5FBFC" box="[1009,1177,1024,1048]" count="5" pageId="12" pageNumber="888" type="generic">five specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
%WS11649* WS116450* WS11653* WS11657* WS11658)* cytology %
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED250BEEFFACFFFFFB48FB9F6208FBD3" box="[1278,1332,1055,1079]" pageId="12" pageNumber="888">TEM</collectionCode>
|
||
)—
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D3258A2FFACFFFFFAE3FB9F645DFBB2" count="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="888" type="generic">six specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
%WS11631* WS11632* WS11634* WS11635* WS11636* WS11637) %Supporting Information* Table S1).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C32EC0A0FFACFFE2FC9CFB17624FFA23" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="893" pageId="12" pageNumber="888" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8B932BFFACFFFFFC9CFB1764F0FA6F" blockId="12.[810,1459,1175,1419]" pageId="12" pageNumber="888">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9404F39FFACFFFFFC9CFB17633AFB4B" box="[810,1030,1175,1199]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="888">External morphology:</emphasis>
|
||
Cormus formed by basal reticulation of tubes* from which erect oscular tubes and long diverticula arising. Sponge bear from one to multiple* slightly curved oscular tubes* with or without short* lateral diverticula in the basal part. Oscular tubes gradually narrow to oscular rim* possessing short* spicular crown %
|
||
<figureCitation id="130F8FAEFFACFFFFFBACFAB4635AFAA8" box="[1050,1126,1332,1356]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="13.[129,194,1284,1308]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,142,1255]" captionTargetId="figure-323@13.[129,1473,142,1255]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 7. Leucosolenia corallorrhiza %Haeckel* 1872) external morphology and skeleton. A* general morphology %WS11642); B* skeleton of oscular rim %WS11653); C* skeleton of oscular tube %WS11653); D* skeleton of cormus %WS11653). Abbreviations: c* cormus; d* diverticulum; o* osculum; oc* oscular crown; ot* oscular tube." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11248885" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11248885/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="888">Fig. 7A</figureCitation>
|
||
* B). Surface minutely hispid or echinate. Coloration of living and preserved specimens greyish white %
|
||
<figureCitation id="130F8FAEFFACFFFFFCC5FAF26487FA6F" box="[883,955,1394,1419]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="13.[129,194,1284,1308]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,142,1255]" captionTargetId="figure-323@13.[129,1473,142,1255]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 7. Leucosolenia corallorrhiza %Haeckel* 1872) external morphology and skeleton. A* general morphology %WS11642); B* skeleton of oscular rim %WS11653); C* skeleton of oscular tube %WS11653); D* skeleton of cormus %WS11653). Abbreviations: c* cormus; d* diverticulum; o* osculum; oc* oscular crown; ot* oscular tube." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11248885" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11248885/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="888">Fig. 7A</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8B932BFFACFFFFFC9CFA22638DF9FC" blockId="12.[810,1460,1442,1904]" pageId="12" pageNumber="888">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9404F39FFACFFFFFC9CFA226443FA5E" box="[810,895,1442,1466]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="888">Spicules:</emphasis>
|
||
Diactines %
|
||
<figureCitation id="130F8FAEFFACFFFFFBB2FA22636DFA5E" box="[1028,1105,1442,1466]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="14.[113,178,1353,1377]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,142,1324]" captionTargetId="figure-283@14.[146,1426,142,1324]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 8. Leucosolenia corallorrhiza %Haeckel* 1872) spicule types* scanning electron microscopy.A* curved lanceolate diactines; B* tips of diactines* I and II refer to the zones marked on A* white arrowheads mark spines; C* tetractine; D* triactines." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11248889" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11248889/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="888">Fig. 8A</figureCitation>
|
||
* B). Curved* lanceolate diactines* mean length 179 µm* mean width 6 µm %
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6B6A690FFACFFFFFB76FA416236FA3D" box="[1216,1290,1473,1497]" captionStart="Table 5" captionStartId="17.[129,184,143,167]" captionTargetBox="[129,1474,189,542]" captionText="Table 5. Spicule dimensions of Leucosolenia corallorrhiza %Haeckel 1872)." pageId="12" pageNumber="888">Table 5</tableCitation>
|
||
)* slightly curved with lanceolate outer tip* variable in size* smooth or with few small spines at lanceolate tip %
|
||
<figureCitation id="130F8FAEFFACFFFFFBECF980639CF9FC" box="[1114,1184,1536,1560]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="14.[113,178,1353,1377]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,142,1324]" captionTargetId="figure-283@14.[146,1426,142,1324]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 8. Leucosolenia corallorrhiza %Haeckel* 1872) spicule types* scanning electron microscopy.A* curved lanceolate diactines; B* tips of diactines* I and II refer to the zones marked on A* white arrowheads mark spines; C* tetractine; D* triactines." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11248889" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11248889/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="888">Fig. 8B</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8B932BFFACFFFFFCF3F99F6321F951" blockId="12.[810,1460,1442,1904]" pageId="12" pageNumber="888">
|
||
Triactines %
|
||
<figureCitation id="130F8FAEFFACFFFFFC0BF99F6336F9D3" box="[957,1034,1567,1591]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="14.[113,178,1353,1377]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,142,1324]" captionTargetId="figure-283@14.[146,1426,142,1324]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 8. Leucosolenia corallorrhiza %Haeckel* 1872) spicule types* scanning electron microscopy.A* curved lanceolate diactines; B* tips of diactines* I and II refer to the zones marked on A* white arrowheads mark spines; C* tetractine; D* triactines." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11248889" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11248889/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="888">Fig. 8D</figureCitation>
|
||
). T-shaped sagittal %mean angle 142.9°)* unpaired actines usually shorter than paired %mean length: 70.5 µm—unpaired* 82.7 µm—paired) %
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6B6A690FFACFFFFFB66F9DE6221F992" box="[1232,1309,1630,1654]" captionStart="Table 5" captionStartId="17.[129,184,143,167]" captionTargetBox="[129,1474,189,542]" captionText="Table 5. Spicule dimensions of Leucosolenia corallorrhiza %Haeckel 1872)." pageId="12" pageNumber="888">Table 5</tableCitation>
|
||
)* rarely equal. Actines equal in width %mean width: 6.5 µm—unpaired* 6.5 µm—paired) %
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6B6A690FFACFFFFFC77F91C6330F950" box="[961,1036,1692,1716]" captionStart="Table 5" captionStartId="17.[129,184,143,167]" captionTargetBox="[129,1474,189,542]" captionText="Table 5. Spicule dimensions of Leucosolenia corallorrhiza %Haeckel 1872)." pageId="12" pageNumber="888">Table 5</tableCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8B932BFFACFFFFFCF3F93C6496F894" blockId="12.[810,1460,1442,1904]" pageId="12" pageNumber="888">
|
||
Tetractines %
|
||
<figureCitation id="130F8FAEFFACFFFFFC71F93C632DF930" box="[967,1041,1724,1748]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="14.[113,178,1353,1377]" captionTargetBox="[146,1426,142,1324]" captionTargetId="figure-283@14.[146,1426,142,1324]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 8. Leucosolenia corallorrhiza %Haeckel* 1872) spicule types* scanning electron microscopy.A* curved lanceolate diactines; B* tips of diactines* I and II refer to the zones marked on A* white arrowheads mark spines; C* tetractine; D* triactines." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11248889" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11248889/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="888">Fig. 8C</figureCitation>
|
||
). T-shaped sagittal %mean angle 151.4 °)* unpaired actines shorter than paired or equal %mean length: 68.8 µm—unpaired* 80.7 µm—paired* 22.9 µm—apical) %
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6B6A690FFACFFFFFAE3F97A629EF8F6" box="[1365,1442,1786,1810]" captionStart="Table 5" captionStartId="17.[129,184,143,167]" captionTargetBox="[129,1474,189,542]" captionText="Table 5. Spicule dimensions of Leucosolenia corallorrhiza %Haeckel 1872)." pageId="12" pageNumber="888">Table 5</tableCitation>
|
||
). All actines equal in width %mean width: 5.6 µm—unpaired* 5.8 µm—paired* 5.5 µm—apical) %
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6B6A690FFACFFFFFBC2F8B963FEF8B5" box="[1140,1218,1849,1873]" captionStart="Table 5" captionStartId="17.[129,184,143,167]" captionTargetBox="[129,1474,189,542]" captionText="Table 5. Spicule dimensions of Leucosolenia corallorrhiza %Haeckel 1872)." pageId="12" pageNumber="888">Table 5</tableCitation>
|
||
). Apical actine curved and smooth.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8B932BFFACFFFFFC9CF80A6289F826" blockId="12.[810,1461,1930,1986]" pageId="12" pageNumber="888">
|
||
<pageTitle id="CBAB4B4CFFACFFFFFC9CF80A6289F826" pageId="12" pageNumber="888">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9404F39FFACFFFFFC9CF80A64BCF846" box="[810,896,1930,1954]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="888">Skeleton:</emphasis>
|
||
Skeleton of oscular tubes predominantly formed by both tri- and tetractines* while in cormus tubes tetractines rare %Fig.
|
||
</pageTitle>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF4BC3A3FFADFFFEFF37FA8465FCFAB0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11248885" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11248885" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11248885/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="889" startId="13.[129,194,1284,1308]" targetBox="[129,1473,142,1255]" targetPageId="13" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8B932BFFADFFFEFF37FA8465FCFAB0" blockId="13.[129,1408,1284,1364]" pageId="13" pageNumber="889">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9404F39FFADFFFEFF37FA8467E4FAF8" bold="true" box="[129,216,1284,1308]" pageId="13" pageNumber="889">Figure 7.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C34E8A8FFADFFFEFF6BFA84651DFAF8" authority="% Haeckel" authorityName="Haeckel" box="[221,545,1284,1308]" class="Calcarea" family="Leucosoleniidae" genus="Leucosolenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="13" pageNumber="889" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="corallorrhiza">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9404F39FFADFFFEFF6BFA8466F5FAF8" box="[221,457,1284,1308]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="889">Leucosolenia corallorrhiza</emphasis>
|
||
%Haeckel
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
* 1872) external morphology and skeleton. A* general morphology %WS11642); B
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C34E8A8FFADFFFEFA92FA8462BCFAF8" box="[1316,1408,1284,1308]" class="Calcarea" family="Clathrinidae" genus="Clathrina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clathrinida" pageId="13" pageNumber="889" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="skeleton">* skeleton</taxonomicName>
|
||
of oscular rim %WS11653);
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C34E8A8FFADFFFEFE30FAA066CCFADC" box="[390,496,1312,1336]" class="Calcarea" family="Clathrinidae" genus="Clathrina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clathrinida" pageId="13" pageNumber="889" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="skeleton">C* skeleton</taxonomicName>
|
||
of oscular tube %WS11653); D
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C34E8A8FFADFFFEFCA4FAA06452FADC" box="[786,878,1312,1336]" class="Calcarea" family="Clathrinidae" genus="Clathrina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clathrinida" pageId="13" pageNumber="889" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="skeleton">* skeleton</taxonomicName>
|
||
of cormus %WS11653). Abbreviations: c* cormus; d* diverticulum; o* osculum; oc* oscular crown; ot* oscular tube.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8B932BFFADFFFEFF37FA0165D1F9B1" blockId="13.[129,778,1409,1621]" pageId="13" pageNumber="889">
|
||
7C* D). In oscular tubes* spicules constitute organized array with their unpaired actines directed toward cormus and oriented more or less in parallel to proximo-distal axis of oscular tube %
|
||
<figureCitation id="130F8FAEFFADFFFEFD06FA4065C5FA3C" box="[688,761,1472,1496]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="13.[129,194,1284,1308]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,142,1255]" captionTargetId="figure-323@13.[129,1473,142,1255]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 7. Leucosolenia corallorrhiza %Haeckel* 1872) external morphology and skeleton. A* general morphology %WS11642); B* skeleton of oscular rim %WS11653); C* skeleton of oscular tube %WS11653); D* skeleton of cormus %WS11653). Abbreviations: c* cormus; d* diverticulum; o* osculum; oc* oscular crown; ot* oscular tube." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11248885" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11248885/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="889">Fig. 7C</figureCitation>
|
||
). In cormus tubes* spicule network appears completely disordered %
|
||
<figureCitation id="130F8FAEFFADFFFEFF3DFA7E67E4F9F2" box="[139,216,1534,1558]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="13.[129,194,1284,1308]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,142,1255]" captionTargetId="figure-323@13.[129,1473,142,1255]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 7. Leucosolenia corallorrhiza %Haeckel* 1872) external morphology and skeleton. A* general morphology %WS11642); B* skeleton of oscular rim %WS11653); C* skeleton of oscular tube %WS11653); D* skeleton of cormus %WS11653). Abbreviations: c* cormus; d* diverticulum; o* osculum; oc* oscular crown; ot* oscular tube." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11248885" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11248885/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="889">Fig. 7D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Both populations of diactines forming small oscular crown up to 60 µm and cover tubes’ surface* orienting in different directions and extending outside by lance-shaped tip %
|
||
<figureCitation id="130F8FAEFFADFFFEFD2FF9BD65E1F9B1" box="[665,733,1597,1621]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="13.[129,194,1284,1308]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,142,1255]" captionTargetId="figure-323@13.[129,1473,142,1255]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 7. Leucosolenia corallorrhiza %Haeckel* 1872) external morphology and skeleton. A* general morphology %WS11642); B* skeleton of oscular rim %WS11653); C* skeleton of oscular tube %WS11653); D* skeleton of cormus %WS11653). Abbreviations: c* cormus; d* diverticulum; o* osculum; oc* oscular crown; ot* oscular tube." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11248885" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11248885/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="889">Fig. 7B</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8B932BFFADFFFEFF37F9FC6579F8D4" blockId="13.[129,778,1660,1904]" pageId="13" pageNumber="889">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9404F39FFADFFFEFF37F9FC67E2F970" box="[129,222,1660,1684]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="889">Cytology:</emphasis>
|
||
Body wall* 8.4–12 µm thick* three layers: exopinacoderm* loose mesohyl* and choanoderm %
|
||
<figureCitation id="130F8FAEFFADFFFEFD20F91C65DEF950" box="[662,738,1692,1716]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="15.[129,194,1668,1692]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,144,1641]" captionTargetId="figure-95@15.[129,1473,144,1641]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 9. Leucosolenia corallorrhiza %Haeckel* 1872) body wall structure and cell types of bordering tissues. A* B* semi-thin sections of body wall of sponge; C* exopinacocyte; D* endopinacocyte; E* choanocytes* inset—junctions between choanocytes; F* porocyte. Scale bars: A* 50 µm; B* 20 µm; C–F* 2 µm* inset—0.2 µm. Abbreviations: am* amoebocyte; ch* choanocytes; chd* choanoderm; en* endopinacocyte; exp* exopinacoderm; f* flagellum; m* mesohyl; mv* microvilli; n* nucleus; ph* phagosome; po* porocytes; sb* symbiotic bacteria." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11248893" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11248893/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="889">Fig. 9A</figureCitation>
|
||
* B; Supporting Information* Table S2). Flat endopinacocytes located only in the distal part of oscular tube %oscular ring) replacing choanocytes. Inhalant pores scattered throughout exopinacoderm* except the oscular ring area.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8B932BFFADFFFEFF2AF8B864E9FA5C" blockId="13.[129,778,1660,1904]" lastBlockId="13.[825,1475,1409,1903]" pageId="13" pageNumber="889">
|
||
Exopinacocytes non-flagellated* T-shaped* rarely flat %
|
||
<figureCitation id="130F8FAEFFADFFFEFD55F8B867A3F894" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="15.[129,194,1668,1692]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,144,1641]" captionTargetId="figure-95@15.[129,1473,144,1641]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 9. Leucosolenia corallorrhiza %Haeckel* 1872) body wall structure and cell types of bordering tissues. A* B* semi-thin sections of body wall of sponge; C* exopinacocyte; D* endopinacocyte; E* choanocytes* inset—junctions between choanocytes; F* porocyte. Scale bars: A* 50 µm; B* 20 µm; C–F* 2 µm* inset—0.2 µm. Abbreviations: am* amoebocyte; ch* choanocytes; chd* choanoderm; en* endopinacocyte; exp* exopinacoderm; f* flagellum; m* mesohyl; mv* microvilli; n* nucleus; ph* phagosome; po* porocytes; sb* symbiotic bacteria." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11248893" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11248893/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="889">Fig. 9C</figureCitation>
|
||
). External surface covered by glycocalyx. Cell body %height 7–10.5 µm* width 4.3–5.5 µm)* containing spherical to oval nucleus %diameter 3.1 µm)* submersed in mesohyl. Cytoplasm with specific spherical electron-dense inclusions %0.2–0.4 µm diameter) %
|
||
<figureCitation id="130F8FAEFFADFFFEFCCDFA2064F9FA5C" box="[891,965,1440,1464]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="15.[129,194,1668,1692]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,144,1641]" captionTargetId="figure-95@15.[129,1473,144,1641]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 9. Leucosolenia corallorrhiza %Haeckel* 1872) body wall structure and cell types of bordering tissues. A* B* semi-thin sections of body wall of sponge; C* exopinacocyte; D* endopinacocyte; E* choanocytes* inset—junctions between choanocytes; F* porocyte. Scale bars: A* 50 µm; B* 20 µm; C–F* 2 µm* inset—0.2 µm. Abbreviations: am* amoebocyte; ch* choanocytes; chd* choanoderm; en* endopinacocyte; exp* exopinacoderm; f* flagellum; m* mesohyl; mv* microvilli; n* nucleus; ph* phagosome; po* porocytes; sb* symbiotic bacteria." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11248893" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11248893/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="889">Fig. 9C</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8B932BFFADFFFEFCE3FA406336F9B1" blockId="13.[825,1475,1409,1903]" pageId="13" pageNumber="889">
|
||
Endopinacocytes non-flagellated flat cells* size 16.8 µm × 2.2 µm %
|
||
<figureCitation id="130F8FAEFFADFFFEFCDAFA5F6485FA13" box="[876,953,1503,1527]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="15.[129,194,1668,1692]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,144,1641]" captionTargetId="figure-95@15.[129,1473,144,1641]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 9. Leucosolenia corallorrhiza %Haeckel* 1872) body wall structure and cell types of bordering tissues. A* B* semi-thin sections of body wall of sponge; C* exopinacocyte; D* endopinacocyte; E* choanocytes* inset—junctions between choanocytes; F* porocyte. Scale bars: A* 50 µm; B* 20 µm; C–F* 2 µm* inset—0.2 µm. Abbreviations: am* amoebocyte; ch* choanocytes; chd* choanoderm; en* endopinacocyte; exp* exopinacoderm; f* flagellum; m* mesohyl; mv* microvilli; n* nucleus; ph* phagosome; po* porocytes; sb* symbiotic bacteria." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11248893" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11248893/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="889">Fig. 9D</figureCitation>
|
||
). External surface covered by glycocalyx. Nucleus %2.1 µm × 1.6 µm) spherical to oval with nucleolus. Cytoplasm with specific spherical electron-dense inclusions %0.2–0.5 µm diameter) %
|
||
<figureCitation id="130F8FAEFFADFFFEFC19F9BD64C5F9B1" box="[943,1017,1597,1621]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="15.[129,194,1668,1692]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,144,1641]" captionTargetId="figure-95@15.[129,1473,144,1641]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 9. Leucosolenia corallorrhiza %Haeckel* 1872) body wall structure and cell types of bordering tissues. A* B* semi-thin sections of body wall of sponge; C* exopinacocyte; D* endopinacocyte; E* choanocytes* inset—junctions between choanocytes; F* porocyte. Scale bars: A* 50 µm; B* 20 µm; C–F* 2 µm* inset—0.2 µm. Abbreviations: am* amoebocyte; ch* choanocytes; chd* choanoderm; en* endopinacocyte; exp* exopinacoderm; f* flagellum; m* mesohyl; mv* microvilli; n* nucleus; ph* phagosome; po* porocytes; sb* symbiotic bacteria." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11248893" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11248893/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="889">Fig. 9D</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8B932BFFADFFFEFCE3F9DC6328F8D4" blockId="13.[825,1475,1409,1903]" pageId="13" pageNumber="889">
|
||
Choanocytes flagellated trapeziform or prismatic %height 8.2 µm* width 4.1 µm) %
|
||
<figureCitation id="130F8FAEFFADFFFEFBFFF9FB63ABF970" box="[1097,1175,1659,1684]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="15.[129,194,1668,1692]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,144,1641]" captionTargetId="figure-95@15.[129,1473,144,1641]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 9. Leucosolenia corallorrhiza %Haeckel* 1872) body wall structure and cell types of bordering tissues. A* B* semi-thin sections of body wall of sponge; C* exopinacocyte; D* endopinacocyte; E* choanocytes* inset—junctions between choanocytes; F* porocyte. Scale bars: A* 50 µm; B* 20 µm; C–F* 2 µm* inset—0.2 µm. Abbreviations: am* amoebocyte; ch* choanocytes; chd* choanoderm; en* endopinacocyte; exp* exopinacoderm; f* flagellum; m* mesohyl; mv* microvilli; n* nucleus; ph* phagosome; po* porocytes; sb* symbiotic bacteria." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11248893" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11248893/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="889">Fig. 9E</figureCitation>
|
||
). Flagellum surrounded by collar of microvilli. Characteristic pyriform nucleus %2.6 µm × 4.1 µm) in apical position. Cytoplasm with phagosomes and small vacuoles. Choanocytes united by specialized intercellular contacts similar to septate junctions* but has no basal membrane %
|
||
<figureCitation id="130F8FAEFFADFFFEFC0CF898633FF8D4" box="[954,1027,1816,1840]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="15.[129,194,1668,1692]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,144,1641]" captionTargetId="figure-95@15.[129,1473,144,1641]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 9. Leucosolenia corallorrhiza %Haeckel* 1872) body wall structure and cell types of bordering tissues. A* B* semi-thin sections of body wall of sponge; C* exopinacocyte; D* endopinacocyte; E* choanocytes* inset—junctions between choanocytes; F* porocyte. Scale bars: A* 50 µm; B* 20 µm; C–F* 2 µm* inset—0.2 µm. Abbreviations: am* amoebocyte; ch* choanocytes; chd* choanoderm; en* endopinacocyte; exp* exopinacoderm; f* flagellum; m* mesohyl; mv* microvilli; n* nucleus; ph* phagosome; po* porocytes; sb* symbiotic bacteria." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11248893" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11248893/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="889">Fig. 9E</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8B932BFFADFFFEFCE3F8B862FFF88B" blockId="13.[825,1475,1409,1903]" pageId="13" pageNumber="889">
|
||
Porocytes tubular cylindrical %height 5.5 µm* width 4.2 µm)* connecting external milieu with choanocyte tube %
|
||
<figureCitation id="130F8FAEFFADFFFEFA2AF8D762FFF88B" box="[1436,1475,1879,1903]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="15.[129,194,1668,1692]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,144,1641]" captionTargetId="figure-95@15.[129,1473,144,1641]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 9. Leucosolenia corallorrhiza %Haeckel* 1872) body wall structure and cell types of bordering tissues. A* B* semi-thin sections of body wall of sponge; C* exopinacocyte; D* endopinacocyte; E* choanocytes* inset—junctions between choanocytes; F* porocyte. Scale bars: A* 50 µm; B* 20 µm; C–F* 2 µm* inset—0.2 µm. Abbreviations: am* amoebocyte; ch* choanocytes; chd* choanoderm; en* endopinacocyte; exp* exopinacoderm; f* flagellum; m* mesohyl; mv* microvilli; n* nucleus; ph* phagosome; po* porocytes; sb* symbiotic bacteria." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11248893" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11248893/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="889">Fig.</figureCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8B932BFFADFFFDFC8FF8F66629F9E0" blockId="13.[825,1474,1910,1965]" lastBlockId="14.[113,764,1485,1916]" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="890" pageId="13" pageNumber="889">9F). Nucleus pyriform %diameter 3.1 µm)* containing nucleolus. Cytoplasm with phagosomes* small vacuoles* and spherical electron-dense inclusions identical with inclusions of exopinacocytes.</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF4BC3A3FFAEFFFDFFC7FAC96354FA99" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11248889" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11248889" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11248889/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="890" startId="14.[113,178,1353,1377]" targetBox="[146,1426,142,1324]" targetPageId="14" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8B932BFFAEFFFDFFC7FAC96354FA99" blockId="14.[113,1404,1353,1405]" pageId="14" pageNumber="890">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9404F39FFAEFFFDFFC7FAC967F5FA85" bold="true" box="[113,201,1353,1377]" pageId="14" pageNumber="890">Figure 8.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C34E8A8FFAEFFFDFF78FAC9652EFA85" authority="% Haeckel" authorityName="Haeckel" box="[206,530,1353,1377]" class="Calcarea" family="Leucosoleniidae" genus="Leucosolenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="14" pageNumber="890" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="corallorrhiza">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9404F39FFAEFFFDFF78FAC96686FA85" box="[206,442,1353,1377]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="890">Leucosolenia corallorrhiza</emphasis>
|
||
%Haeckel
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
* 1872) spicule types* scanning electron microscopy. A* curved lanceolate diactines; B* tips of diactines* I and II refer to the zones marked on A* white arrowheads mark spines; C* tetractine; D* triactines.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8B932BFFAEFFFDFF3BF98B657BF924" blockId="14.[113,764,1485,1916]" pageId="14" pageNumber="890">
|
||
Sclerocytes amoeboid* size 8.7 µm × 3.5 µm %
|
||
<figureCitation id="130F8FAEFFAEFFFDFDF5F98B65A8F9C7" box="[579,660,1547,1571]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="16.[113,178,1869,1893]" captionTargetBox="[220,1354,147,1840]" captionTargetId="figure-7@16.[219,1354,145,1841]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Figure 10. Leucosolenia corallorrhiza %Haeckel* 1872) mesohyl cell types and symbiotic bacteria.A* sclerocytes* inset—septate junctions between sclerocytes; B* amoebocytes; C* D* granular cells in the body wall; E* granular cell; F* degraded granular cell; G* myocytes* inset— bundles of myofilaments; H* I* symbiotic bacteria* morphotype 1. Scale bars: A* B* E* F* 2 µm; C* 50 µm; C* 20 µm; G* 5 µm; H* 0.5 µm; I* 1 µm. Abbreviations: ch* choanocytes; chd* choanoderm; ex* exopinacocyte; exp* exopinacoderm; f* flagellum; gc* granular cells; gr* granule; m* mesohyl; mf* myofibrils; mv* microvilli; my* myocytes; n* nucleus; po* porocytes; sb* symbiotic bacteria; sp* spicule." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11248897" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11248897/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="890">Fig.10A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Nucleus usually oval or pear-shaped %diameter 2.5 µm)* containing single nucleolus. Well-developed Golgi apparatus and rough endoplasmic reticulum.Cytoplasm usually with phagosomes and/or lysosomes. During spicules’ secretion* sclerocytes form groups of three to six cells* connected by septate junctions %
|
||
<figureCitation id="130F8FAEFFAEFFFDFE52F928650AF924" box="[484,566,1704,1728]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="16.[113,178,1869,1893]" captionTargetBox="[220,1354,147,1840]" captionTargetId="figure-7@16.[219,1354,145,1841]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Figure 10. Leucosolenia corallorrhiza %Haeckel* 1872) mesohyl cell types and symbiotic bacteria.A* sclerocytes* inset—septate junctions between sclerocytes; B* amoebocytes; C* D* granular cells in the body wall; E* granular cell; F* degraded granular cell; G* myocytes* inset— bundles of myofilaments; H* I* symbiotic bacteria* morphotype 1. Scale bars: A* B* E* F* 2 µm; C* 50 µm; C* 20 µm; G* 5 µm; H* 0.5 µm; I* 1 µm. Abbreviations: ch* choanocytes; chd* choanoderm; ex* exopinacocyte; exp* exopinacoderm; f* flagellum; gc* granular cells; gr* granule; m* mesohyl; mf* myofibrils; mv* microvilli; my* myocytes; n* nucleus; po* porocytes; sb* symbiotic bacteria; sp* spicule." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11248897" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11248897/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="890">Fig. 10A</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8B932BFFAEFFFDFF3BF9476620F8D9" blockId="14.[113,764,1485,1916]" pageId="14" pageNumber="890">
|
||
Amoebocytes of different shape %from oval to amoeboid) without special inclusions* size 5.7 µm × 4.7 µm %
|
||
<figureCitation id="130F8FAEFFAEFFFDFD67F96767A1F8FA" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="16.[113,178,1869,1893]" captionTargetBox="[220,1354,147,1840]" captionTargetId="figure-7@16.[219,1354,145,1841]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Figure 10. Leucosolenia corallorrhiza %Haeckel* 1872) mesohyl cell types and symbiotic bacteria.A* sclerocytes* inset—septate junctions between sclerocytes; B* amoebocytes; C* D* granular cells in the body wall; E* granular cell; F* degraded granular cell; G* myocytes* inset— bundles of myofilaments; H* I* symbiotic bacteria* morphotype 1. Scale bars: A* B* E* F* 2 µm; C* 50 µm; C* 20 µm; G* 5 µm; H* 0.5 µm; I* 1 µm. Abbreviations: ch* choanocytes; chd* choanoderm; ex* exopinacocyte; exp* exopinacoderm; f* flagellum; gc* granular cells; gr* granule; m* mesohyl; mf* myofibrils; mv* microvilli; my* myocytes; n* nucleus; po* porocytes; sb* symbiotic bacteria; sp* spicule." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11248897" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11248897/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="890">Fig. 10B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Nucleus spherical %diameter 2.9 µm)* sometimes with nucleolus.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8B932BFFAEFFFDFF3BF8C563E7F9A7" blockId="14.[113,764,1485,1916]" lastBlockId="14.[810,1459,1485,1916]" pageId="14" pageNumber="890">
|
||
Granular cells oval* size 9 µm × 5.5 µm. Regularly distributed* numerous cells* usually located under choanocytes %
|
||
<figureCitation id="130F8FAEFFAEFFFDFD24F8E465D7F898" box="[658,747,1892,1916]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="16.[113,178,1869,1893]" captionTargetBox="[220,1354,147,1840]" captionTargetId="figure-7@16.[219,1354,145,1841]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Figure 10. Leucosolenia corallorrhiza %Haeckel* 1872) mesohyl cell types and symbiotic bacteria.A* sclerocytes* inset—septate junctions between sclerocytes; B* amoebocytes; C* D* granular cells in the body wall; E* granular cell; F* degraded granular cell; G* myocytes* inset— bundles of myofilaments; H* I* symbiotic bacteria* morphotype 1. Scale bars: A* B* E* F* 2 µm; C* 50 µm; C* 20 µm; G* 5 µm; H* 0.5 µm; I* 1 µm. Abbreviations: ch* choanocytes; chd* choanoderm; ex* exopinacocyte; exp* exopinacoderm; f* flagellum; gc* granular cells; gr* granule; m* mesohyl; mf* myofibrils; mv* microvilli; my* myocytes; n* nucleus; po* porocytes; sb* symbiotic bacteria; sp* spicule." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11248897" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11248897/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="890">Fig. 10C</figureCitation>
|
||
–
|
||
<pageTitle id="CBAB4B4CFFAEFFFDFFC7F80465C6F85F" pageId="14" pageNumber="890">E). Nucleus in peripheral position* spherical %diameter 2.5 µm). Cytoplasm with oval* electron-dense inclusions %size 0.9–2.7</pageTitle>
|
||
µm × 1.1–3.7 µm) %
|
||
<figureCitation id="130F8FAEFFAEFFFDFC45FA4D637AFA01" box="[1011,1094,1485,1509]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="16.[113,178,1869,1893]" captionTargetBox="[220,1354,147,1840]" captionTargetId="figure-7@16.[219,1354,145,1841]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Figure 10. Leucosolenia corallorrhiza %Haeckel* 1872) mesohyl cell types and symbiotic bacteria.A* sclerocytes* inset—septate junctions between sclerocytes; B* amoebocytes; C* D* granular cells in the body wall; E* granular cell; F* degraded granular cell; G* myocytes* inset— bundles of myofilaments; H* I* symbiotic bacteria* morphotype 1. Scale bars: A* B* E* F* 2 µm; C* 50 µm; C* 20 µm; G* 5 µm; H* 0.5 µm; I* 1 µm. Abbreviations: ch* choanocytes; chd* choanoderm; ex* exopinacocyte; exp* exopinacoderm; f* flagellum; gc* granular cells; gr* granule; m* mesohyl; mf* myofibrils; mv* microvilli; my* myocytes; n* nucleus; po* porocytes; sb* symbiotic bacteria; sp* spicule." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11248897" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11248897/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="890">Fig. 10E</figureCitation>
|
||
). Inclusion content homogenous or granulated. Often found in stage of degradation* cytoplasm completely filled with two to four large* oval inclusions* with highly osmiophilic granulated content %
|
||
<figureCitation id="130F8FAEFFAEFFFDFBCEF9AA63F6F9A7" box="[1144,1226,1578,1603]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="16.[113,178,1869,1893]" captionTargetBox="[220,1354,147,1840]" captionTargetId="figure-7@16.[219,1354,145,1841]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Figure 10. Leucosolenia corallorrhiza %Haeckel* 1872) mesohyl cell types and symbiotic bacteria.A* sclerocytes* inset—septate junctions between sclerocytes; B* amoebocytes; C* D* granular cells in the body wall; E* granular cell; F* degraded granular cell; G* myocytes* inset— bundles of myofilaments; H* I* symbiotic bacteria* morphotype 1. Scale bars: A* B* E* F* 2 µm; C* 50 µm; C* 20 µm; G* 5 µm; H* 0.5 µm; I* 1 µm. Abbreviations: ch* choanocytes; chd* choanoderm; ex* exopinacocyte; exp* exopinacoderm; f* flagellum; gc* granular cells; gr* granule; m* mesohyl; mf* myofibrils; mv* microvilli; my* myocytes; n* nucleus; po* porocytes; sb* symbiotic bacteria; sp* spicule." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11248897" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11248897/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="890">Fig. 10F</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8B932BFFAEFFFDFCF3F9CA64ABF8D9" blockId="14.[810,1459,1485,1916]" pageId="14" pageNumber="890">
|
||
Myocytes are fusiform cells* size 22 µm × 2.7 µm; distributed in the mesohyl mostly in the oscular ring. Nucleus usually oval %2.9 µm × 1.6 µm)* without nucleolus %
|
||
<figureCitation id="130F8FAEFFAEFFFDFB7BF9086214F945" box="[1229,1320,1672,1697]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="16.[113,178,1869,1893]" captionTargetBox="[220,1354,147,1840]" captionTargetId="figure-7@16.[219,1354,145,1841]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Figure 10. Leucosolenia corallorrhiza %Haeckel* 1872) mesohyl cell types and symbiotic bacteria.A* sclerocytes* inset—septate junctions between sclerocytes; B* amoebocytes; C* D* granular cells in the body wall; E* granular cell; F* degraded granular cell; G* myocytes* inset— bundles of myofilaments; H* I* symbiotic bacteria* morphotype 1. Scale bars: A* B* E* F* 2 µm; C* 50 µm; C* 20 µm; G* 5 µm; H* 0.5 µm; I* 1 µm. Abbreviations: ch* choanocytes; chd* choanoderm; ex* exopinacocyte; exp* exopinacoderm; f* flagellum; gc* granular cells; gr* granule; m* mesohyl; mf* myofibrils; mv* microvilli; my* myocytes; n* nucleus; po* porocytes; sb* symbiotic bacteria; sp* spicule." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11248897" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11248897/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="890">Fig. 10G</figureCitation>
|
||
). Cytoplasm includes mitochondria* ribosomes* small vesicles* and* most importantly* the presence of cytoplasmic myofilaments of 19–
|
||
<quantity id="4CCC3ECEFFAEFFFDFCE5F96764A9F91A" box="[851,917,1767,1791]" metricMagnitude="-8" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="14" pageNumber="890" unit="nm" value="12.0">12 nm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter %
|
||
<figureCitation id="130F8FAEFFAEFFFDFB94F9666347F91B" box="[1058,1147,1766,1791]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="16.[113,178,1869,1893]" captionTargetBox="[220,1354,147,1840]" captionTargetId="figure-7@16.[219,1354,145,1841]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Figure 10. Leucosolenia corallorrhiza %Haeckel* 1872) mesohyl cell types and symbiotic bacteria.A* sclerocytes* inset—septate junctions between sclerocytes; B* amoebocytes; C* D* granular cells in the body wall; E* granular cell; F* degraded granular cell; G* myocytes* inset— bundles of myofilaments; H* I* symbiotic bacteria* morphotype 1. Scale bars: A* B* E* F* 2 µm; C* 50 µm; C* 20 µm; G* 5 µm; H* 0.5 µm; I* 1 µm. Abbreviations: ch* choanocytes; chd* choanoderm; ex* exopinacocyte; exp* exopinacoderm; f* flagellum; gc* granular cells; gr* granule; m* mesohyl; mf* myofibrils; mv* microvilli; my* myocytes; n* nucleus; po* porocytes; sb* symbiotic bacteria; sp* spicule." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11248897" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11248897/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="890">Fig. 10G</figureCitation>
|
||
). Myofilaments form bundles %0.37–0.16 µm diameter) that are located along the long axis of the cell.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8B932BFFAEFFFDFCF3F8C56212F85E" blockId="14.[810,1459,1485,1916]" lastBlockId="14.[810,1459,1923,1978]" pageId="14" pageNumber="890">
|
||
One morphotype of bacterial symbionts in mesohyl. Bacteria numerous* rod-shaped with double-cell wall* diameter 0.3–
|
||
<pageTitle id="CBAB4B4CFFAEFFFDFC9CF8036212F85E" pageId="14" pageNumber="890">0.33 µm* length 3.0–5.6 µm %Figure 10H* I). Nucleoid region electron-dense with irregular network of filaments.</pageTitle>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF4BC3A3FFAFFFFCFF37F90463C1F915" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11248893" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11248893" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11248893/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="891" startId="15.[129,194,1668,1692]" targetBox="[129,1473,144,1641]" targetPageId="15" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8B932BFFAFFFFCFF37F90463C1F915" blockId="15.[129,1438,1668,1777]" pageId="15" pageNumber="891">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9404F39FFAFFFFCFF37F90467E4F978" bold="true" box="[129,216,1668,1692]" pageId="15" pageNumber="891">Figure 9.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C34E8A8FFAFFFFCFF6BF905651DF979" authority="% Haeckel" authorityName="Haeckel" box="[221,545,1669,1693]" class="Calcarea" family="Leucosoleniidae" genus="Leucosolenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="15" pageNumber="891" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="corallorrhiza">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9404F39FFAFFFFCFF6BF90566F5F979" box="[221,457,1669,1693]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="891">Leucosolenia corallorrhiza</emphasis>
|
||
%Haeckel
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
* 1872) body wall structure and cell types of bordering tissues. A* B* semi-thin sections of body wall of sponge; C* exopinacocyte; D* endopinacocyte; E* choanocytes* inset—junctions between choanocytes; F* porocyte. Scale bars: A* 50 µm; B* 20 µm; C–F* 2 µm* inset—0.2 µm. Abbreviations: am* amoebocyte; ch* choanocytes; chd* choanoderm; en* endopinacocyte; exp* exopinacoderm; f* flagellum; m* mesohyl; mv* microvilli; n* nucleus; ph* phagosome; po* porocytes; sb* symbiotic bacteria.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8B932BFFAFFFFCFF37F8A0661FF852" blockId="15.[129,778,1824,1911]" lastBlockId="15.[129,777,1918,1974]" pageId="15" pageNumber="891">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9404F39FFAFFFFCFF37F8A067C2F8DC" box="[129,254,1824,1848]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="891">Distribution:</emphasis>
|
||
Boreal-Arctic species. Molecular identity confirmed for
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F323D3BBFFAFFFFCFF5BF8C06666F8BC" box="[237,346,1856,1880]" name="Greenland" pageId="15" pageNumber="891">Greenland</collectingCountry>
|
||
and the White Sea %
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA5EEDAFFAFFFFCFD9BF8C065E1F8BC" author="Alvizu" box="[557,733,1856,1880]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Alvizu" pageId="15" pageNumber="891" pagination="279 - 90" refId="ref22399" refString="Alvizu A * Eilertsen MH * Xavier JR et al. Increased taxon sampling provides new insights into the phylogeny and evolution of the subclass Calcaronea % Porifera * Calcarea). Organisms Diversity & Evolution 2018; 18: 279 - 90." type="journal article" year="2018">
|
||
Alvizu
|
||
<emphasis id="B9404F39FFAFFFFCFDC3F8C16598F8BC" box="[629,676,1856,1880]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="891">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2018
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). In the White Sea* it is the most abundant species* inhabiting kelps and hard substrates in low intertidal and subtidal zones up to 15–
|
||
<quantity id="4CCC3ECEFFAFFFFCFF11F81E67E0F851" box="[167,220,1950,1974]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="891" unit="m" value="20.0">20 m</quantity>
|
||
depth.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8B932BFFAFFFFCFC8FF8A0627AF893" blockId="15.[825,1474,1824,1911]" pageId="15" pageNumber="891">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9404F39FFAFFFFCFC8FF8A064FFF8DC" box="[825,963,1824,1848]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="891">Reproduction:</emphasis>
|
||
In the White Sea* specimens collected in late October contained early oocytes; specimens collected in January/February contained fully developed larvae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8B932BFFAFFFE2FC8FF804667DFB08" blockId="15.[825,1475,1924,1979]" lastBlockId="17.[129,778,610,1918]" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="893" pageId="15" pageNumber="891">
|
||
<pageTitle id="CBAB4B4CFFAFFFFCFC8FF80462FFF85F" pageId="15" pageNumber="891">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9404F39FFAFFFFCFC8FF80464ABF878" box="[825,919,1924,1948]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="891">Remarks:</emphasis>
|
||
In the White Sea* this species was initially identified as
|
||
<emphasis id="B9404F39FFAFFFFCFC8FF823632EF85F" box="[825,1042,1955,1979]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="891">Leucosolenia variabilis</emphasis>
|
||
* based on its external morphology %Lavrov
|
||
</pageTitle>
|
||
<emphasis id="B9404F39FFB1FFE2FF37FDE2678DFD9E" box="[129,177,610,634]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2018). In addition* most of our sequences for this species were identical to LSU and SSU sequences downloaded from the GenBank under the name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C34E8A8FFB1FFE2FE22FD216534FD5C" authorityName="% Lavrov and Ereskovsky" authorityYear="2022" box="[404,520,672,696]" class="Calcarea" family="Leucosoleniidae" genus="Leucosolenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="17" pageNumber="893" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="variabilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9404F39FFB1FFE2FE22FD216534FD5C" box="[404,520,672,696]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">L. variabilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Regarding morphology* the spicular characters of our specimens were different from the original description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C34E8A8FFB1FFE2FED1FD60654AFD13" authority="% Haeckel 1872" authorityName="% Haeckel" authorityYear="1872" box="[359,630,735,759]" class="Calcarea" family="Leucosoleniidae" genus="Leucosolenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="17" pageNumber="893" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="variabilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9404F39FFB1FFE2FED1FD6066E6FD13" box="[359,474,735,759]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">L. variabilis</emphasis>
|
||
%Haeckel 1872
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
)* but partly fit the description given in Minchin %1904). The main differences relate to diactine morphology: in our specimens* there is a single
|
||
<typeStatus id="548F2D89FFB1FFE2FF37FCBD6793FCB1" box="[129,175,829,853]" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">type</typeStatus>
|
||
of curved lanceolate diactines. In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C34E8A8FFB1FFE2FDB0FCBE6435FCB1" authority="sensu Haeckel" authorityName="sensu Haeckel" authorityYear="1870" box="[518,777,829,853]" class="Calcarea" family="Leucosoleniidae" genus="Leucosolenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="17" pageNumber="893" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="variabilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9404F39FFB1FFE2FDB0FCBE658DFCB1" box="[518,689,829,853]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">L. variabilis sensu</emphasis>
|
||
Haeckel
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
%1872)* two diactine populations were found: the first has small* strait trichoxea* and the second has normal* curved* lanceolate diactines. Minchin %1904) found connectivity in size among small and long diactines* and suggested that they represented a single
|
||
<typeStatus id="548F2D89FFB1FFE2FF77FC5A67D3FC16" box="[193,239,986,1010]" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">type</typeStatus>
|
||
of diactine* which was overlooked by Haeckel. Since our specimens possess only a single diactine population* it might support Minchin’s conclusions. However*
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C34E8A8FFB1FFE2FD98FB98662EFBAB" authority="sensu Minchin" authorityName="Minchin" class="Calcarea" family="Leucosoleniidae" genus="Leucosolenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="17" pageNumber="893" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="variabilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9404F39FFB1FFE2FD98FB986788FBAB" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">Leucosolenia variabilis sensu</emphasis>
|
||
Minchin
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
%1904) is a species complex* since he designated
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C34E8A8FFB1FFE2FF37FBD7667AFB8A" box="[129,326,1111,1135]" class="Calcarea" family="Leucosoleniidae" genus="Leucosolenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="17" pageNumber="893" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="somesii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9404F39FFB1FFE2FF37FBD7667AFB8A" box="[129,326,1111,1135]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">Leucosolenia somesii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
a junior synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C34E8A8FFB1FFE2FDABFBD865B3FB8B" box="[541,655,1111,1135]" class="Calcarea" family="Leucosoleniidae" genus="Leucosolenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="17" pageNumber="893" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="variabilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9404F39FFB1FFE2FDABFBD865B3FB8B" box="[541,655,1111,1135]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">L. variabilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
* while morphological and molecular data supported its identity as a distinct species %see below; see also: van Soest
|
||
<emphasis id="B9404F39FFB1FFE2FDAAFB166571FB49" box="[540,589,1173,1197]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2007). Therefore* the diagnosis provided by Minchin %1904) should not be taken into consideration.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF4BC3A3FFB0FFE3FFC7F8CD6397F831" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11248897" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11248897" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11248897/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="892" startId="16.[113,178,1869,1893]" targetBox="[220,1354,147,1840]" targetPageId="16" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8B932BFFB0FFE3FFC7F8CD6397F831" blockId="16.[113,1415,1869,1921]" lastBlockId="16.[113,1440,1925,2005]" pageId="16" pageNumber="892">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9404F39FFB0FFE3FFC7F8CD67EAF881" bold="true" box="[113,214,1869,1893]" pageId="16" pageNumber="892">Figure 10.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C34E8A8FFB0FFE3FF6CF8CD6523F881" authority="% Haeckel" authorityName="Haeckel" box="[218,543,1869,1893]" class="Calcarea" family="Leucosoleniidae" genus="Leucosolenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="16" pageNumber="892" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="corallorrhiza">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9404F39FFB0FFE3FF6CF8CD66FBF881" box="[218,455,1869,1893]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="892">Leucosolenia corallorrhiza</emphasis>
|
||
%Haeckel
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
* 1872) mesohyl cell types and symbiotic bacteria. A* sclerocytes* inset—septate junctions between sclerocytes; B* amoebocytes; C* D* granular cells in the body wall; E* granular cell; F* degraded granular cell; G* myocytes* inset—
|
||
<pageTitle id="CBAB4B4CFFB0FFE3FFC7F8056397F831" pageId="16" pageNumber="892">bundles of myofilaments; H* I* symbiotic bacteria* morphotype 1. Scale bars: A* B* E* F* 2 µm; C* 50 µm; C* 20 µm; G* 5 µm; H* 0.5 µm; I* 1 µm. Abbreviations: ch* choanocytes; chd* choanoderm; ex* exopinacocyte; exp* exopinacoderm; f* flagellum; gc* granular cells; gr* granule; m* mesohyl; mf* myofibrils; mv* microvilli; my* myocytes; n* nucleus; po* porocytes; sb* symbiotic bacteria; sp* spicule.</pageTitle>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF4BC3A3FFB1FFE2FF37FF0F6408FF43" box="[129,820,143,167]" pageId="17" pageNumber="893" startId="17.[129,184,143,167]" targetBox="[129,1474,189,542]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="17">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8B932BFFB1FFE2FF37FF0F6408FF43" blockId="17.[129,820,143,167]" box="[129,820,143,167]" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">
|
||
<pageTitle id="CBAB4B4CFFB1FFE2FF37FF0F6408FF43" box="[129,820,143,167]" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9404F39FFB1FFE2FF37FF0F67F2FF43" bold="true" box="[129,206,143,167]" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">Table 5.</emphasis>
|
||
Spicule dimensions of
|
||
<emphasis id="B9404F39FFB1FFE2FE1EFF0F65A8FF43" box="[424,660,143,167]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">Leucosolenia corallorrhiza</emphasis>
|
||
%Haeckel 1872).
|
||
</pageTitle>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8B932BFFB1FFE2FF37FF3D635DFDFA" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">
|
||
<table id="F934618BFFB1000CFF37FF3D62FEFDFA" box="[129,1474,189,542]" colsContinueFrom="11.[129,1474,1295,1681]" colsContinueIn="24.[113,1460,189,610]" gridcols="16" gridrows="10" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">
|
||
<tr id="35049169FFB1000CFF37FF3D62FEFF31" box="[129,1474,189,213]" gridrow="0" pageId="17" pageNumber="893" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-13="1" rowspan-14="1" rowspan-15="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-8="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||
<th id="76D5F815FFB1000CFF37FF3D66B6FF31" box="[129,394,189,213]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9404F39FFB1FFE2FF37FF3D67F0FF31" bold="true" box="[129,204,189,213]" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">Spicule</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="76D5F815FFB1000CFE12FF3D651BFF31" box="[420,551,189,213]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9404F39FFB1FFE2FE12FF3D651FFF31" bold="true" box="[420,547,189,213]" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">Length (µm)</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="76D5F815FFB1000CFCA0FF3D64A5FF31" box="[790,921,189,213]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="6" gridrow="0" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9404F39FFB1FFE2FCA0FF3D64B1FF31" bold="true" box="[790,909,189,213]" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">Width (µm)</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="76D5F815FFB1000CFBCAFF3D6238FF31" box="[1148,1284,189,213]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="11" gridrow="0" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9404F39FFB1FFE2FBCAFF3D63EAFF31" bold="true" box="[1148,1238,189,213]" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">Angle (°)</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35049169FFB1000CFF37FF6962FEFEE5" box="[129,1474,233,257]" gridrow="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="893" rowspan-0="1">
|
||
<td id="76D5F815FFB1000CFE12FF6966E8FEE5" box="[420,468,233,257]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9404F39FFB1FFE2FE12FF6966E8FEE5" bold="true" box="[420,468,233,257]" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">Min.</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="76D5F815FFB1000CFE59FF69651BFEE5" box="[495,551,233,257]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9404F39FFB1FFE2FE59FF69651BFEE5" bold="true" box="[495,551,233,257]" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">Mean</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="76D5F815FFB1000CFDF4FF696544FEE5" box="[578,632,233,257]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9404F39FFB1FFE2FDF4FF696549FEE5" bold="true" box="[578,629,233,257]" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">Max.</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="76D5F815FFB1000CFD25FF696580FEE5" box="[659,700,233,257]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9404F39FFB1FFE2FD25FF69658EFEE5" bold="true" box="[659,690,233,257]" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">SD</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="76D5F815FFB1000CFD61FF6965C0FEE5" box="[727,764,233,257]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9404F39FFB1FFE2FD61FF6965D5FEE4" bold="true" box="[727,745,233,256]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">N</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="76D5F815FFB1000CFCA0FF69647AFEE5" box="[790,838,233,257]" gridcol="6" gridrow="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9404F39FFB1FFE2FCA0FF69647AFEE5" bold="true" box="[790,838,233,257]" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">Min.</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="76D5F815FFB1000CFCD7FF6964A5FEE5" box="[865,921,233,257]" gridcol="7" gridrow="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9404F39FFB1FFE2FCD7FF6964A5FEE5" bold="true" box="[865,921,233,257]" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">Mean</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="76D5F815FFB1000CFC03FF6964DBFEE5" box="[949,999,233,257]" gridcol="8" gridrow="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9404F39FFB1FFE2FC03FF6964DBFEE5" bold="true" box="[949,999,233,257]" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">Max.</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="76D5F815FFB1000CFBB5FF69631EFEE5" box="[1027,1058,233,257]" gridcol="9" gridrow="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9404F39FFB1FFE2FBB5FF69631EFEE5" bold="true" box="[1027,1058,233,257]" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">SD</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="76D5F815FFB1000CFB8BFF69635DFEE5" box="[1085,1121,233,257]" gridcol="10" gridrow="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9404F39FFB1FFE2FB8BFF696373FEE4" bold="true" box="[1085,1103,233,256]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">N</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="76D5F815FFB1000CFBCAFF69638DFEE5" box="[1148,1201,233,257]" gridcol="11" gridrow="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9404F39FFB1FFE2FBCAFF696397FEE5" bold="true" box="[1148,1195,233,257]" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">Min.</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="76D5F815FFB1000CFB7AFF696238FEE5" box="[1228,1284,233,257]" gridcol="12" gridrow="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9404F39FFB1FFE2FB7AFF696238FEE5" bold="true" box="[1228,1284,233,257]" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">Mean</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="76D5F815FFB1000CFA96FF696269FEE5" box="[1312,1365,233,257]" gridcol="13" gridrow="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9404F39FFB1FFE2FA96FF69626EFEE5" bold="true" box="[1312,1362,233,257]" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">Max.</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="76D5F815FFB1000CFAC6FF6962B3FEE5" box="[1392,1423,233,257]" gridcol="14" gridrow="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9404F39FFB1FFE2FAC6FF6962B3FEE5" bold="true" box="[1392,1423,233,257]" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">SD</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="76D5F815FFB1000CFA1CFF6962FEFEE5" box="[1450,1474,233,257]" gridcol="15" gridrow="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9404F39FFB1FFE2FA1CFF696280FEE4" bold="true" box="[1450,1468,233,256]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">N</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35049169FFB1000CFF37FE9862FEFED5" box="[129,1474,280,305]" gridrow="2" pageId="17" pageNumber="893" rowspan-11="1" rowspan-12="1" rowspan-13="1" rowspan-14="1" rowspan-15="1">
|
||
<th id="76D5F815FFB1000CFF37FE9866B6FED5" box="[129,394,280,305]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9404F39FFB1FFE2FF37FE9866B6FED4" bold="true" box="[129,394,280,304]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">Curved lanceolate diactines</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76D5F815FFB1000CFE12FE9866E8FED5" box="[420,468,280,305]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">73.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76D5F815FFB1000CFE59FE98651BFED5" box="[495,551,280,305]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">179.0</td>
|
||
<td id="76D5F815FFB1000CFDF4FE986544FED5" box="[578,632,280,305]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">455.0</td>
|
||
<td id="76D5F815FFB1000CFD25FE986580FED5" box="[659,700,280,305]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">74.2</td>
|
||
<td id="76D5F815FFB1000CFD61FE9865C0FED5" box="[727,764,280,305]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">27</td>
|
||
<td id="76D5F815FFB1000CFCA0FE98647AFED5" box="[790,838,280,305]" gridcol="6" gridrow="2" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">2.8</td>
|
||
<td id="76D5F815FFB1000CFCD7FE9864A5FED5" box="[865,921,280,305]" gridcol="7" gridrow="2" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">6.0</td>
|
||
<td id="76D5F815FFB1000CFC03FE9864DBFED5" box="[949,999,280,305]" gridcol="8" gridrow="2" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">11.4</td>
|
||
<td id="76D5F815FFB1000CFBB5FE98631EFED5" box="[1027,1058,280,305]" gridcol="9" gridrow="2" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">1.7</td>
|
||
<td id="76D5F815FFB1000CFB8BFE98635DFED5" box="[1085,1121,280,305]" gridcol="10" gridrow="2" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">27</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35049169FFB1000CFF37FEBB62FEFEB7" box="[129,1474,315,339]" gridrow="3" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">
|
||
<th id="76D5F815FFB1000CFF37FEBB62FEFEB7" box="[129,1474,315,339]" colspan="16" colspanRight="15" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9404F39FFB1FFE2FF37FEBB67DEFEB7" bold="true" box="[129,226,315,339]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">Triactines</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35049169FFB1000CFF37FEDC62FEFE91" box="[129,1474,348,373]" gridrow="4" pageId="17" pageNumber="893" rowspan-11="1" rowspan-12="1" rowspan-13="1" rowspan-14="1" rowspan-15="1">
|
||
<th id="76D5F815FFB1000CFF37FEDC66B6FE91" box="[129,394,348,373]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9404F39FFB1FFE2FF2CFEDC6615FE90" box="[154,297,348,372]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">Unpaired actine</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76D5F815FFB1000CFE12FEDC66E8FE91" box="[420,468,348,373]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">37.1</td>
|
||
<td id="76D5F815FFB1000CFE59FEDC651BFE91" box="[495,551,348,373]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">70.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76D5F815FFB1000CFDF4FEDC6544FE91" box="[578,632,348,373]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">100.0</td>
|
||
<td id="76D5F815FFB1000CFD25FEDC6580FE91" box="[659,700,348,373]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">14.9</td>
|
||
<td id="76D5F815FFB1000CFD61FEDC65C0FE91" box="[727,764,348,373]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">91</td>
|
||
<td id="76D5F815FFB1000CFCA0FEDC647AFE91" box="[790,838,348,373]" gridcol="6" gridrow="4" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">3.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76D5F815FFB1000CFCD7FEDC64A5FE91" box="[865,921,348,373]" gridcol="7" gridrow="4" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">6.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76D5F815FFB1000CFC03FEDC64DBFE91" box="[949,999,348,373]" gridcol="8" gridrow="4" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">10.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76D5F815FFB1000CFBB5FEDC631EFE91" box="[1027,1058,348,373]" gridcol="9" gridrow="4" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">1.4</td>
|
||
<td id="76D5F815FFB1000CFB8BFEDC635DFE91" box="[1085,1121,348,373]" gridcol="10" gridrow="4" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">91</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35049169FFB1000CFF37FEFE62FEFE73" box="[129,1474,382,407]" gridrow="5" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">
|
||
<th id="76D5F815FFB1000CFF37FEFE66B6FE73" box="[129,394,382,407]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9404F39FFB1FFE2FF2CFEFE662AFE72" box="[154,278,382,406]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">Paired actines</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76D5F815FFB1000CFE12FEFE66E8FE73" box="[420,468,382,407]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">36.1</td>
|
||
<td id="76D5F815FFB1000CFE59FEFE651BFE73" box="[495,551,382,407]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">82.7</td>
|
||
<td id="76D5F815FFB1000CFDF4FEFE6544FE73" box="[578,632,382,407]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">133.3</td>
|
||
<td id="76D5F815FFB1000CFD25FEFE6580FE73" box="[659,700,382,407]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">20.4</td>
|
||
<td id="76D5F815FFB1000CFD61FEFE65C0FE73" box="[727,764,382,407]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">165</td>
|
||
<td id="76D5F815FFB1000CFCA0FEFE647AFE73" box="[790,838,382,407]" gridcol="6" gridrow="5" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">3.1</td>
|
||
<td id="76D5F815FFB1000CFCD7FEFE64A5FE73" box="[865,921,382,407]" gridcol="7" gridrow="5" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">6.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76D5F815FFB1000CFC03FEFE64DBFE73" box="[949,999,382,407]" gridcol="8" gridrow="5" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">12.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76D5F815FFB1000CFBB5FEFE631EFE73" box="[1027,1058,382,407]" gridcol="9" gridrow="5" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">1.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76D5F815FFB1000CFB8BFEFE635DFE73" box="[1085,1121,382,407]" gridcol="10" gridrow="5" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">164</td>
|
||
<td id="76D5F815FFB1000CFBCAFEFE638DFE73" box="[1148,1201,382,407]" gridcol="11" gridrow="5" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">124.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76D5F815FFB1000CFB7AFEFE6238FE73" box="[1228,1284,382,407]" gridcol="12" gridrow="5" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">142.9</td>
|
||
<td id="76D5F815FFB1000CFA96FEFE6269FE73" box="[1312,1365,382,407]" gridcol="13" gridrow="5" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">151.2</td>
|
||
<td id="76D5F815FFB1000CFAC6FEFE62B3FE73" box="[1392,1423,382,407]" gridcol="14" gridrow="5" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">6.0</td>
|
||
<td id="76D5F815FFB1000CFA1CFEFE62FEFE73" box="[1450,1474,382,407]" gridcol="15" gridrow="5" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">28</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35049169FFB1000CFF37FE2062FEFE5C" box="[129,1474,416,440]" gridrow="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">
|
||
<th id="76D5F815FFB1000CFF37FE2062FEFE5C" box="[129,1474,416,440]" colspan="16" colspanRight="15" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9404F39FFB1FFE2FF37FE2067D0FE5C" bold="true" box="[129,236,416,440]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">Tetractines</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35049169FFB1000CFF37FE4262FEFE3E" box="[129,1474,450,474]" gridrow="7" pageId="17" pageNumber="893" rowspan-11="1" rowspan-12="1" rowspan-13="1" rowspan-14="1" rowspan-15="1">
|
||
<th id="76D5F815FFB1000CFF37FE4266B6FE3E" box="[129,394,450,474]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9404F39FFB1FFE2FF2CFE426615FE3E" box="[154,297,450,474]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">Unpaired actine</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76D5F815FFB1000CFE12FE4266E8FE3E" box="[420,468,450,474]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">46.8</td>
|
||
<td id="76D5F815FFB1000CFE59FE42651BFE3E" box="[495,551,450,474]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">68.8</td>
|
||
<td id="76D5F815FFB1000CFDF4FE426544FE3E" box="[578,632,450,474]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">98.8</td>
|
||
<td id="76D5F815FFB1000CFD25FE426580FE3E" box="[659,700,450,474]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">16.0</td>
|
||
<td id="76D5F815FFB1000CFD61FE4265C0FE3E" box="[727,764,450,474]" gridcol="5" gridrow="7" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">14</td>
|
||
<td id="76D5F815FFB1000CFCA0FE42647AFE3E" box="[790,838,450,474]" gridcol="6" gridrow="7" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">3.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76D5F815FFB1000CFCD7FE4264A5FE3E" box="[865,921,450,474]" gridcol="7" gridrow="7" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">5.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76D5F815FFB1000CFC03FE4264DBFE3E" box="[949,999,450,474]" gridcol="8" gridrow="7" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">7.9</td>
|
||
<td id="76D5F815FFB1000CFBB5FE42631EFE3E" box="[1027,1058,450,474]" gridcol="9" gridrow="7" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">1.2</td>
|
||
<td id="76D5F815FFB1000CFB8BFE42635DFE3E" box="[1085,1121,450,474]" gridcol="10" gridrow="7" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">15</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35049169FFB1000CFF37FE6462FEFE18" box="[129,1474,484,508]" gridrow="8" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">
|
||
<th id="76D5F815FFB1000CFF37FE6466B6FE18" box="[129,394,484,508]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9404F39FFB1FFE2FF2CFE64662AFE18" box="[154,278,484,508]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">Paired actines</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76D5F815FFB1000CFE12FE6466E8FE18" box="[420,468,484,508]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">37.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76D5F815FFB1000CFE59FE64651BFE18" box="[495,551,484,508]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">80.7</td>
|
||
<td id="76D5F815FFB1000CFDF4FE646544FE18" box="[578,632,484,508]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">128.1</td>
|
||
<td id="76D5F815FFB1000CFD25FE646580FE18" box="[659,700,484,508]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">22.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76D5F815FFB1000CFD61FE6465C0FE18" box="[727,764,484,508]" gridcol="5" gridrow="8" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">23</td>
|
||
<td id="76D5F815FFB1000CFCA0FE64647AFE18" box="[790,838,484,508]" gridcol="6" gridrow="8" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">2.4</td>
|
||
<td id="76D5F815FFB1000CFCD7FE6464A5FE18" box="[865,921,484,508]" gridcol="7" gridrow="8" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">5.8</td>
|
||
<td id="76D5F815FFB1000CFC03FE6464DBFE18" box="[949,999,484,508]" gridcol="8" gridrow="8" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">8.4</td>
|
||
<td id="76D5F815FFB1000CFBB5FE64631EFE18" box="[1027,1058,484,508]" gridcol="9" gridrow="8" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">1.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76D5F815FFB1000CFB8BFE64635DFE18" box="[1085,1121,484,508]" gridcol="10" gridrow="8" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">25</td>
|
||
<td id="76D5F815FFB1000CFBCAFE64638DFE18" box="[1148,1201,484,508]" gridcol="11" gridrow="8" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">144.8</td>
|
||
<td id="76D5F815FFB1000CFB7AFE646238FE18" box="[1228,1284,484,508]" gridcol="12" gridrow="8" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">151.4</td>
|
||
<td id="76D5F815FFB1000CFA96FE646269FE18" box="[1312,1365,484,508]" gridcol="13" gridrow="8" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">159.3</td>
|
||
<td id="76D5F815FFB1000CFAC6FE6462B3FE18" box="[1392,1423,484,508]" gridcol="14" gridrow="8" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">4.0</td>
|
||
<td id="76D5F815FFB1000CFA1CFE6462FEFE18" box="[1450,1474,484,508]" gridcol="15" gridrow="8" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">14</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35049169FFB1000CFF37FD8662FEFDFA" box="[129,1474,518,542]" gridrow="9" pageId="17" pageNumber="893" rowspan-11="1" rowspan-12="1" rowspan-13="1" rowspan-14="1" rowspan-15="1">
|
||
<th id="76D5F815FFB1000CFF37FD8666B6FDFA" box="[129,394,518,542]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9404F39FFB1FFE2FF2CFD866632FDF9" box="[154,270,518,542]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">Apical actine</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76D5F815FFB1000CFE12FD8666E8FDFA" box="[420,468,518,542]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">11.4</td>
|
||
<td id="76D5F815FFB1000CFE59FD86651BFDFA" box="[495,551,518,542]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">22.9</td>
|
||
<td id="76D5F815FFB1000CFDF4FD866544FDFA" box="[578,632,518,542]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">42.9</td>
|
||
<td id="76D5F815FFB1000CFD25FD866580FDFA" box="[659,700,518,542]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">10.7</td>
|
||
<td id="76D5F815FFB1000CFD61FD8665C0FDFA" box="[727,764,518,542]" gridcol="5" gridrow="9" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">16</td>
|
||
<td id="76D5F815FFB1000CFCA0FD86647AFDFA" box="[790,838,518,542]" gridcol="6" gridrow="9" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">3.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76D5F815FFB1000CFCD7FD8664A5FDFA" box="[865,921,518,542]" gridcol="7" gridrow="9" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">5.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76D5F815FFB1000CFC03FD8664DBFDFA" box="[949,999,518,542]" gridcol="8" gridrow="9" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">9.2</td>
|
||
<td id="76D5F815FFB1000CFBB5FD86631EFDFA" box="[1027,1058,518,542]" gridcol="9" gridrow="9" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">1.3</td>
|
||
<td id="76D5F815FFB1000CFB8BFD86635DFDFA" box="[1085,1121,518,542]" gridcol="10" gridrow="9" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">16</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8B932BFFB1FFE2FF2AFB7465B0F9A1" blockId="17.[129,778,610,1918]" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">
|
||
To address the possible ontogenetic variation of diactines* we studied the type material
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C34E8A8FFB1FFE2FE1BFA93651DFACF" box="[429,545,1299,1323]" class="Calcarea" family="Leucosoleniidae" genus="Leucosolenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="17" pageNumber="893" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="variabilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9404F39FFB1FFE2FE1BFA93651DFACF" box="[429,545,1299,1323]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">L. variabilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the collection of
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED250BEEFFB1FFE2FF37FAB367ECFAAE" box="[129,208,1331,1354]" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">BMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
%
|
||
<typeStatus id="548F2D89FFB1FFE2FF5DFAB26609FAAE" box="[235,309,1330,1354]" pageId="17" pageNumber="893" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
|
||
BMNH-1910.1.1.421). The spicular characters of this specimen perfectly fit the original description made by Haeckel %1872)* with two diactine types* tri- and tetractines of equal abundance* and unpaired actines in tri- and tetractines always shorter than paired ones. On the other hand* specimens in our material possess only a single diactine type* and tetractines are rare. Therefore* the species from the White Sea is not
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C34E8A8FFB1FFE2FF76F98E660FF9C1" box="[192,307,1549,1573]" class="Calcarea" family="Leucosoleniidae" genus="Leucosolenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="17" pageNumber="893" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="variabilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9404F39FFB1FFE2FF76F98E660FF9C1" box="[192,307,1549,1573]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">L. variabilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
* despite its molecular similarity to specimens* placed in the GenBank under the name
|
||
<emphasis id="B9404F39FFB1FFE2FDA5F9AD65B0F9A1" box="[531,652,1581,1605]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C34E8A8FFB1FFE2FDA5F9AD65B5F9A1" box="[531,649,1581,1605]" class="Calcarea" family="Leucosoleniidae" genus="Leucosolenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="17" pageNumber="893" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="variabilis">L. variabilis</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8B932BFFB1FFE2FF2AF9CC6265FB8A" blockId="17.[129,778,610,1918]" lastBlockId="17.[825,1475,609,1479]" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">
|
||
Another species* that is characterized by a single diactine type and short unpaired actines in tri- and tetractines is
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C34E8A8FFB1FFE2FD38F9EB67C3F947" class="Calcarea" family="Leucosoleniidae" genus="Leucosolenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="17" pageNumber="893" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="corallorrhiza">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9404F39FFB1FFE2FD38F9EB67C3F947" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">Leucosolenia corallorrhiza</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
* which was designated a valid species in the most recent morphology-based revision of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F323D3BBFFB1FFE2FD95F92A65ACF926" box="[547,656,1706,1730]" name="Greenland" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">Greenland</collectingCountry>
|
||
calcareous sponges %Rapp 2015). Haeckel %1872) described this species under the name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C34E8A8FFB1FFE2FE84F969653BF8E5" box="[306,519,1769,1793]" class="Calcarea" family="Clathrinidae" genus="Ascortis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clathrinida" pageId="17" pageNumber="893" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="corallorrhiza">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9404F39FFB1FFE2FE84F969653BF8E5" box="[306,519,1769,1793]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">Ascortis corallorrhiza</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
* addressing a small proportion or absence of tetractines* small and thick triactines with short* unpaired actines. Diactines are curved* lance-shaped %Haeckel 1872: 74). This feature is characteristic of samples from the White Sea* although in our specimens* some diactines bear small spines on their lance-shaped tips. These spines are hardly visible with light microscopy and may be overlooked* even during SEM studies. Since we could not study the morphology of specimens whose sequences were obtained from GenBank* and morphological data for those specimens are absent in the respective paper %
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA5EEDAFFB1FFE2FBDBFD3F6218FD33" author="Alvizu" box="[1133,1316,703,727]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Alvizu" pageId="17" pageNumber="893" pagination="279 - 90" refId="ref22399" refString="Alvizu A * Eilertsen MH * Xavier JR et al. Increased taxon sampling provides new insights into the phylogeny and evolution of the subclass Calcaronea % Porifera * Calcarea). Organisms Diversity & Evolution 2018; 18: 279 - 90." type="journal article" year="2018">
|
||
Alvizu
|
||
<emphasis id="B9404F39FFB1FFE2FB01FD4063D5FD33" box="[1207,1257,703,727]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2018
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)* we designate our specimens from the White Sea as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C34E8A8FFB1FFE2FB0BFD5E6281FD12" box="[1213,1469,734,758]" class="Calcarea" family="Leucosoleniidae" genus="Leucosolenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="17" pageNumber="893" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="corallorrhiza">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9404F39FFB1FFE2FB0BFD5E6281FD12" box="[1213,1469,734,758]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">Leucosolenia corallorrhiza</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
* until both morphological and molecular confirmation for specimens from the type localities become available. Also*
|
||
<typeStatus id="548F2D89FFB1FFE2FAD8FC9E62FEFCD2" box="[1390,1474,798,822]" pageId="17" pageNumber="893" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
|
||
designation for this species is necessary to establish the type material; specimens for this purpose should be collected in the type locality. It should be mentioned that our specimens demonstrate minor differences in coloration from the original description [
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C34E8A8FFB1FFE2FCF2FC3A64E2FC36" box="[836,990,954,978]" class="Calcarea" family="Leucosoleniidae" genus="Leucosolenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="17" pageNumber="893" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="corallorrhiza">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9404F39FFB1FFE2FCF2FC3A64E2FC36" box="[836,990,954,978]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">L. corallorrhiza</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is brown according to Haeckel %1872)]. Also* actines in tri- and tetractines are thicker in the initial description %widths ~15 µm in Haeckel 1872; up to 12.5 µm in our material %
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6B6A690FFB1FFE2FCF2FB9864B3FBD4" box="[836,911,1048,1072]" captionStart="Table 5" captionStartId="17.[129,184,143,167]" captionTargetBox="[129,1474,189,542]" captionText="Table 5. Spicule dimensions of Leucosolenia corallorrhiza %Haeckel 1872)." pageId="17" pageNumber="893">Table 5</tableCitation>
|
||
); up to 10.7 µm in Rapp 2015)* but this difference may be associated either with ontogenetic or intraspecific variation* or different measurement procedures and equipment.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8B932BFFB1FFE2FCE3FBF6624FFA23" blockId="17.[825,1475,609,1479]" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">
|
||
From
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C34E8A8FFB1FFE2FC21FBF6634AFB6A" box="[919,1142,1142,1166]" class="Calcarea" family="Leucosoleniidae" genus="Leucosolenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="17" pageNumber="893" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="variabilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9404F39FFB1FFE2FC21FBF6634AFB6A" box="[919,1142,1142,1166]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">Leucosolenia variabilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
this species differs by spicular characters: in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C34E8A8FFB1FFE2FC7EFB166300FB49" box="[968,1084,1173,1197]" class="Calcarea" family="Leucosoleniidae" genus="Leucosolenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="17" pageNumber="893" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="variabilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9404F39FFB1FFE2FC7EFB166300FB49" box="[968,1084,1173,1197]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">L. variabilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
* there are
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D3258A2FFB1FFE2FB1EFB166230FB4A" box="[1192,1292,1174,1198]" count="2" pageId="17" pageNumber="893" type="generic" typeStatus="types">two types</specimenCount>
|
||
of diactine* while there is only
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D3258A2FFB1FFE2FC0DFB356329FB29" box="[955,1045,1205,1229]" count="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="893" type="generic" typeStatus="type">one type</specimenCount>
|
||
of diactine in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C34E8A8FFB1FFE2FB12FB356200FB28" box="[1188,1340,1204,1228]" class="Calcarea" family="Leucosoleniidae" genus="Leucosolenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="17" pageNumber="893" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="corallorrhiza">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9404F39FFB1FFE2FB12FB356200FB28" box="[1188,1340,1204,1228]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">L. corallorrhiza</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C34E8A8FFB1FFE2FAF0FB34648BFB08" class="Calcarea" family="Leucosoleniidae" genus="Leucosolenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="17" pageNumber="893" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="corallorrhiza">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9404F39FFB1FFE2FAF0FB34648BFB08" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">Leucosolenia corallorrhiza</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
never forms a large* massive cormus.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C34E8A8FFB1FFE2FAF0FB54648BFAEF" class="Calcarea" family="Leucosoleniidae" genus="Leucosolenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="17" pageNumber="893" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="corallorrhiza">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9404F39FFB1FFE2FAF0FB54648BFAEF" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">Leucosolenia corallorrhiza</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also differs from other species in cytological characteristics %Supporting Information* Table S2): in contrast to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C34E8A8FFB1FFE2FC8FFAB26482FAAE" box="[825,958,1330,1354]" class="Calcarea" family="Leucosoleniidae" genus="Leucosolenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="17" pageNumber="893" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="complicata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9404F39FFB1FFE2FC8FFAB26482FAAE" box="[825,958,1330,1354]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">L. complicata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
* the mesohyl of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C34E8A8FFB1FFE2FBDBFAB2623BFAAE" box="[1133,1287,1330,1354]" class="Calcarea" family="Leucosoleniidae" genus="Leucosolenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="17" pageNumber="893" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="corallorrhiza">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9404F39FFB1FFE2FBDBFAB2623BFAAE" box="[1133,1287,1330,1354]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">L. corallorrhiza</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
includes not only amoeboid cells* but also rather numerous granular cells* regularly distributed in the body wall; in contrast to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C34E8A8FFB1FFE2FA9AFAF1629DFA6C" box="[1324,1441,1392,1416]" class="Calcarea" family="Leucosoleniidae" genus="Leucosolenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="17" pageNumber="893" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="variabilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9404F39FFB1FFE2FA9AFAF1629DFA6C" box="[1324,1441,1392,1416]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">L. variabilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
*
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C34E8A8FFB1FFE2FA18FAF1648BFA4C" class="Calcarea" family="Leucosoleniidae" genus="Leucosolenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leucosolenida" pageId="17" pageNumber="893" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="corallorrhiza">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9404F39FFB1FFE2FA18FAF1648BFA4C" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="893">L. corallorrhiza</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has larger granular cells* no spherulous cells* and only one morphotype of rod-shaped symbiotic bacteria.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |