179 lines
30 KiB
XML
179 lines
30 KiB
XML
<document id="3D5B0DCFD1892860898757C5C40F3CBF" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.346.2.4" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13708231" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1725592233582" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Lobban, Christopher S. & Reid, Geraldine" docDate="2018" docId="0393CF4AD724FFF9FF22BA0FFED4FB0E" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.346.2.4.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 346 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.346.2.4" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.13:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="13" docTitle="Arcuatasigma belizense G. Reid 2018, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="175" masterDocId="FFAAB732D720FFFFFFAABD69FFC2FFA8" masterDocTitle="New Arcuatasigma species (Bacillariophyta, Pleurosigmataceae) from Guam and Belize, and the taxonomic identities of Toxonidea challengeriensis and its variety" masterLastPageNumber="179" masterPageNumber="169" pageNumber="173" updateTime="1725603562866" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
|
||
<mods:mods id="400FCC3DA35C15A9BACDA69158CB2053" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="AA948D48FF0C4EE8936F5EC9CFBA6552">
|
||
<mods:title id="BB558E8A5EAFE5989DB529CFDD5E49A0">New Arcuatasigma species (Bacillariophyta, Pleurosigmataceae) from Guam and Belize, and the taxonomic identities of Toxonidea challengeriensis and its variety</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="8423495C589BE3F9D8EB6FA69C778F0F" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="697F823BF4D8ED3287646EBE720F8332">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="93EF70DFC7473E9D78C67CB6A1A7C693">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="326CC0F05A6F46975DBC139FC87EA46C">Lobban, Christopher S.</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation id="8B108C615EF368897471846CA323231B">Division of Natural Sciences, College of Natural & Applied Sciences, University of Guam, Mangilao, GU 96923, USA</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="7DA5B9D4C3FC1113A77AC493F4CEF4EB" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="49C35AA2553EF07C0B07D209241917EE">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="207FBD5ABB5B0CDC7E8C9633252C42F5">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="4801EAD7C3B1609C1B330558957134FD">Reid, Geraldine</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation id="5D622D48A4F6E54701C975BD81549B86">World Museum, National Museums Liverpool, William Brown Street, Liverpool, L 3 8 EN, UK.</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="8FB911BE8E293DC40CFBCE8328BA8BB3">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="85370E1E2DABAE71E70E3BD33B1E7926" type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="F9AD96910693B4C3046F8B0570942CFD">
|
||
<mods:title id="0BF3F6CB5A8D5B550EC02ECE190D7E62">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="9DF3B4C326E05A925E3E309E37A57584">
|
||
<mods:date id="21549BB83359316039B001AA03E11105">2018</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail id="A91DCF977A44A47DB72C336B370C1D1C" type="pubDate">
|
||
<mods:number id="1EB2722640B57E7242669C7A60316AFF">2018-04-04</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="070574850EB5FD44FF69540A955A3E62" type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number id="5AFB28E3573316577ACB3B7F3D07F601">346</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="9435097D07B19C255AD882D35713CB99" type="issue">
|
||
<mods:number id="35D8F34D681A5CB10F3EB1CAA07B06CB">2</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent id="C6FFC3F1AB4382E9CF2C452829AD25B0" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="6AECE3B250EDE0589003DC707B5D4D36">169</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="012FC5BF025647D900F049D43214CA81">179</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:location id="FE42D1FAE2BACD2D0224935C0CD88DE6">
|
||
<mods:url id="FB697CE8653F90AA80751982C7B84F43">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.346.2.4</mods:url>
|
||
</mods:location>
|
||
<mods:classification id="52D08BAC9A31B96018A7A4ABBF1D7ABC">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="FB22A31B8D966363679D104945171C33" type="DOI">10.11646/phytotaxa.346.2.4</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="3C2F4A46C173932E7734A79EC618BEF2" type="ISSN">1179-3163</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="C4487A1A064BB23049920D4756D09E6A" type="Zenodo-Dep">13708231</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="0393CF4AD724FFF9FF22BA0FFED4FB0E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0393CF4AD724FFF9FF22BA0FFED4FB0E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0393CF4AD724FFF9FF22BA0FFED4FB0E" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="175" pageId="4" pageNumber="173">
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3202DD7D724FFF9FF22BA0FFDA7FE52" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="175" pageId="4" pageNumber="173" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B857E5CD724FFFBFF22BA0FFD1FF8D7" blockId="4.[136,733,1894,1919]" box="[136,733,1894,1919]" pageId="4" pageNumber="173">
|
||
<heading id="D0CDC930D724FFFBFF22BA0FFD1FF8D7" box="[136,733,1894,1919]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="173" reason="3">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A05DFD724FFFBFF22BA0FFE38F8D7" authority="G. Reid" authorityName="G. Reid" authorityYear="2018" box="[136,506,1894,1919]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Pleurosigmataceae" genus="Arcuatasigma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Naviculales" pageId="4" pageNumber="173" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="belizense" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EA24ED724FFFBFF22BA0FFE5BF8D7" bold="true" box="[136,409,1894,1919]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="173">Arcuatasigma belizense</emphasis>
|
||
G. Reid
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EA24ED724FFFBFDAFBA0FFD98F8D7" box="[517,602,1894,1919]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="173">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27D1F35D724FFFBFDAFBA0FFD98F8D7" box="[517,602,1894,1919]" pageId="4" pageNumber="173" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<figureCitation id="130162D9D724FFFBFDCABA0FFD1FF8D7" box="[608,733,1894,1919]" captionStart="FIGURES 19–28" captionStartId="6.[136,243,160,181]" captionText="FIGURES 19–28. Arcuatasigma belizense G. Reid sp. nov. Fig. 19. Internal view of valve. Fig. 20. External view of valve. Fig. 21. External view of frustule (holotype BM-BP168). Fig. 22. External central area showing overlapping central raphe fissures.Arrows indicate paired areolae openings, V-shaped joining two areolae. Fig. 23. Internal pole. Fig. 24. Internal central nodule flanked by two central bars. Fig. 25. External pole showing raphe running onto valve mantle terminating in simple raphe fissure on the mantle. Fig. 26. External pole of frustule with plain girdle bands. Fig. 27. Pole, arrow indicating 180˚ twist of valve end. Fig. 28. Break in valve showing loculate areolae and the lock-and-ball mechanism of the raphe. Scale bars: 50 μm (Figs 19–21), 20 μm (Fig. 27), 10 μm (Figs 25, 26), 5 μm (Figs 22, 23), 2 μm (Figs 24, 28)." pageId="4" pageNumber="173">Figs 19–28</figureCitation>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B857E5CD724FFF9FF22BAC7FDA7FE52" blockId="4.[136,1452,1966,2063]" lastBlockId="6.[136,1452,445,1190]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="175" pageId="4" pageNumber="173">Cells solitary, plastids unknown. Length 183–210 μm, width 7.7-9.6 μm. Longitudinal striae 21–24 per 10 μm, transverse striae 18–19 per 10 μm. External areolae opening to apically oriented slits, except V-shaped slits commonly joining two areolae. Raphe diagonally bisecting the main body of the valve becoming eccentric at poles. External central raphe fissures overlapping, situated in a clear hyaline area. Internal central raphe endings within a central nodule, flanked either side by central bars.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF452ED4D726FFF9FF22BDC9FE81FE25" pageId="6" pageNumber="175" startId="6.[136,243,160,181]" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B857E5CD726FFF9FF22BDC9FE81FE25" blockId="6.[136,1452,160,397]" pageId="6" pageNumber="175">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EA24ED726FFF9FF22BDC9FEF5FF1D" bold="true" box="[136,311,160,181]" pageId="6" pageNumber="175">FIGURES 19–28</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A05DFD726FFF9FEECBDC9FD43FF1D" authority="G. Reid" authorityName="G. Reid" authorityYear="2018" box="[326,641,160,181]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Pleurosigmataceae" genus="Arcuatasigma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Naviculales" pageId="6" pageNumber="175" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="belizense" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EA24ED726FFF9FEECBDC9FDEEFF1D" box="[326,556,160,181]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="175">Arcuatasigma belizense</emphasis>
|
||
G. Reid
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EA24ED726FFF9FD20BDC9FD14FF1D" box="[650,726,160,181]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="175">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27D1F35D726FFF9FD20BDC9FD14FF1D" box="[650,726,160,181]" pageId="6" pageNumber="175" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Fig. 19. Internal view of valve. Fig. 20. External view of valve. Fig. 21. External view of frustule (holotype BM-BP168). Fig. 22. External central area showing overlapping central raphe fissures. Arrows indicate paired areolae openings, V-shaped joining two areolae. Fig. 23. Internal pole. Fig. 24. Internal central nodule flanked by two central bars. Fig. 25. External pole showing raphe running onto valve mantle terminating in simple raphe fissure on the mantle. Fig. 26. External pole of frustule with plain girdle bands. Fig. 27. Pole, arrow indicating 180˚ twist of valve end. Fig. 28. Break in valve showing loculate areolae and the lock-and-ball mechanism of the raphe. Scale bars: 50 μm (Figs 19–21), 20 μm (Fig. 27), 10 μm (Figs 25, 26), 5 μm (Figs 22, 23), 2 μm (Figs 24, 28).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3202DD7D726FFF9FF17BF6CFBACFDCE" pageId="6" pageNumber="175" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B857E5CD726FFF9FF17BF6CFBACFDCE" blockId="6.[136,1452,445,1190]" pageId="6" pageNumber="175">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EA24ED726FFF9FF17BF6CFEDCFDB6" bold="true" box="[189,286,517,542]" pageId="6" pageNumber="175">Type:—</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B527401D726FFF9FEB7BF6CFD70FDEA" collectionCode="RAF" country="Belize" location="Half Moon Bay" municipality="Half Moon Bay" pageId="6" pageNumber="175" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Belize" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32D3ECCD726FFF9FEB7BF6CFE43FDB6" box="[285,385,517,542]" name="Belize" pageId="6" pageNumber="175">BELIZE</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BE1E426D726FFF9FE27BF6CFD83FDB6" box="[397,577,517,542]" pageId="6" pageNumber="175">Half Moon Bay</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
, sublittoral sediment.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EA24ED726FFF9FC97BF6CFBA4FDB6" box="[829,1126,517,542]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="175">
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED2BE699D726FFF9FC97BF6CFCB2FDB6" box="[829,880,517,542]" country="Myanmar" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13034" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13034" name="Forest Research Institute" pageId="6" pageNumber="175" type="Herbarium">RAF</collectionCode>
|
||
sub aqua team, 1979
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<typeStatus id="5481C0FED726FFF9FBDCBF6CFB1CFDB6" box="[1142,1246,517,542]" pageId="6" pageNumber="175" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
BM-BP168!
|
||
<location id="8EE52887D726FFF9FAD0BF6CFEC2FDEA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0393CF4AD724FFF9FF22BA0FFED4FB0E:8EE52887D726FFF9FAD0BF6CFEC2FDEA" country="Belize" municipality="Half Moon Bay" name="Half Moon Bay" pageId="6" pageNumber="175" stateProvince="Belize">Half Moon Bay</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FEB0BED726FFF9FEA6BF40FE96FDEA" box="[268,340,553,578]" country="Belize" name="Belize" pageId="6" pageNumber="175">Belize</collectingRegion>
|
||
#24 (shown in figs 21, 26, 27)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B527401D726FFF9FD14BF40FF19FDCE" country="Belize" location="Half Moon Bay" pageId="6" pageNumber="175" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Belize" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="5481C0FED726FFF9FD14BF40FCE2FDEA" box="[702,800,553,578]" pageId="6" pageNumber="175" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
BM-BP239!
|
||
<location id="8EE52887D726FFF9FC13BF40FBA8FDEA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0393CF4AD724FFF9FF22BA0FFED4FB0E:8EE52887D726FFF9FC13BF40FBA8FDEA" box="[953,1130,553,578]" country="Belize" name="Half Moon Bay" pageId="6" pageNumber="175" stateProvince="Belize">Half Moon Bay</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FEB0BED726FFF9FBDCBF40FB7CFDEA" box="[1142,1214,553,578]" country="Belize" name="Belize" pageId="6" pageNumber="175">Belize</collectingRegion>
|
||
# 34 (shown figs 19, 23, 24)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B527401D726FFF9FF4CBF24FBA8FDCE" box="[230,1130,589,614]" country="Belize" location="Half Moon Bay" pageId="6" pageNumber="175" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Belize" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="5481C0FED726FFF9FF4CBF24FE8AFDCE" box="[230,328,589,614]" pageId="6" pageNumber="175" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
BM-BP172!
|
||
<location id="8EE52887D726FFF9FE4BBF24FD53FDCE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0393CF4AD724FFF9FF22BA0FFED4FB0E:8EE52887D726FFF9FE4BBF24FD53FDCE" box="[481,657,589,614]" country="Belize" name="Half Moon Bay" pageId="6" pageNumber="175" stateProvince="Belize">Half Moon Bay</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FEB0BED726FFF9FD37BF24FD27FDCE" box="[669,741,589,614]" country="Belize" name="Belize" pageId="6" pageNumber="175">Belize</collectingRegion>
|
||
#28 (shown in figs 20, 25, 27, 28)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3202DD7D726FFF9FF17BF18FD2AFD22" box="[189,744,625,650]" pageId="6" pageNumber="175" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B857E5CD726FFF9FF17BF18FD2AFD22" blockId="6.[136,1452,445,1190]" box="[189,744,625,650]" pageId="6" pageNumber="175">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EA24ED726FFF9FF17BF18FEA6FD22" bold="true" box="[189,356,625,650]" pageId="6" pageNumber="175">Etymology:—</emphasis>
|
||
With reference to the
|
||
<typeStatus id="5481C0FED726FFF9FDFDBF18FD45FD22" box="[599,647,625,650]" pageId="6" pageNumber="175">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3202DD7D726FFF9FF17BFFCFED4FB0E" pageId="6" pageNumber="175" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B857E5CD726FFF9FF17BFFCFED4FB0E" blockId="6.[136,1452,445,1190]" pageId="6" pageNumber="175">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EA24ED726FFF9FF17BFFCFEAFFD06" bold="true" box="[189,365,661,686]" pageId="6" pageNumber="175">Description:—</emphasis>
|
||
This species had a sigmoid frustule with one pole twisted 180° to give the arcuate appearance of the genus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130162D9D726FFF9FE8FBFD0FE17FD7A" box="[293,469,697,722]" captionStart="FIGURES 19–28" captionStartId="6.[136,243,160,181]" captionText="FIGURES 19–28. Arcuatasigma belizense G. Reid sp. nov. Fig. 19. Internal view of valve. Fig. 20. External view of valve. Fig. 21. External view of frustule (holotype BM-BP168). Fig. 22. External central area showing overlapping central raphe fissures.Arrows indicate paired areolae openings, V-shaped joining two areolae. Fig. 23. Internal pole. Fig. 24. Internal central nodule flanked by two central bars. Fig. 25. External pole showing raphe running onto valve mantle terminating in simple raphe fissure on the mantle. Fig. 26. External pole of frustule with plain girdle bands. Fig. 27. Pole, arrow indicating 180˚ twist of valve end. Fig. 28. Break in valve showing loculate areolae and the lock-and-ball mechanism of the raphe. Scale bars: 50 μm (Figs 19–21), 20 μm (Fig. 27), 10 μm (Figs 25, 26), 5 μm (Figs 22, 23), 2 μm (Figs 24, 28)." pageId="6" pageNumber="175">Figs 19–21, 27</figureCitation>
|
||
). The valve had a shallow mantle. Areolae loculate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130162D9D726FFF9FB9ABFD0FB47FD7A" box="[1072,1157,697,722]" captionStart="FIGURES 19–28" captionStartId="6.[136,243,160,181]" captionText="FIGURES 19–28. Arcuatasigma belizense G. Reid sp. nov. Fig. 19. Internal view of valve. Fig. 20. External view of valve. Fig. 21. External view of frustule (holotype BM-BP168). Fig. 22. External central area showing overlapping central raphe fissures.Arrows indicate paired areolae openings, V-shaped joining two areolae. Fig. 23. Internal pole. Fig. 24. Internal central nodule flanked by two central bars. Fig. 25. External pole showing raphe running onto valve mantle terminating in simple raphe fissure on the mantle. Fig. 26. External pole of frustule with plain girdle bands. Fig. 27. Pole, arrow indicating 180˚ twist of valve end. Fig. 28. Break in valve showing loculate areolae and the lock-and-ball mechanism of the raphe. Scale bars: 50 μm (Figs 19–21), 20 μm (Fig. 27), 10 μm (Figs 25, 26), 5 μm (Figs 22, 23), 2 μm (Figs 24, 28)." pageId="6" pageNumber="175">Fig. 28</figureCitation>
|
||
), arranged in longitudinal and transverse rows of striae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130162D9D726FFF9FE71BFB4FD9DFD5E" box="[475,607,733,758]" captionStart="FIGURES 19–28" captionStartId="6.[136,243,160,181]" captionText="FIGURES 19–28. Arcuatasigma belizense G. Reid sp. nov. Fig. 19. Internal view of valve. Fig. 20. External view of valve. Fig. 21. External view of frustule (holotype BM-BP168). Fig. 22. External central area showing overlapping central raphe fissures.Arrows indicate paired areolae openings, V-shaped joining two areolae. Fig. 23. Internal pole. Fig. 24. Internal central nodule flanked by two central bars. Fig. 25. External pole showing raphe running onto valve mantle terminating in simple raphe fissure on the mantle. Fig. 26. External pole of frustule with plain girdle bands. Fig. 27. Pole, arrow indicating 180˚ twist of valve end. Fig. 28. Break in valve showing loculate areolae and the lock-and-ball mechanism of the raphe. Scale bars: 50 μm (Figs 19–21), 20 μm (Fig. 27), 10 μm (Figs 25, 26), 5 μm (Figs 22, 23), 2 μm (Figs 24, 28)." pageId="6" pageNumber="175">Figs 23–24</figureCitation>
|
||
). The spathulate apex was broad, with ca. 20 areolae in the striae. External areolae opened to apically elongate slits except in the occasional case of transapically joined pairs of areolae in which the external opening was V-shaped (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130162D9D726FFF9FDB6BE4CFDB2FC96" box="[540,624,805,830]" captionStart="FIGURES 19–28" captionStartId="6.[136,243,160,181]" captionText="FIGURES 19–28. Arcuatasigma belizense G. Reid sp. nov. Fig. 19. Internal view of valve. Fig. 20. External view of valve. Fig. 21. External view of frustule (holotype BM-BP168). Fig. 22. External central area showing overlapping central raphe fissures.Arrows indicate paired areolae openings, V-shaped joining two areolae. Fig. 23. Internal pole. Fig. 24. Internal central nodule flanked by two central bars. Fig. 25. External pole showing raphe running onto valve mantle terminating in simple raphe fissure on the mantle. Fig. 26. External pole of frustule with plain girdle bands. Fig. 27. Pole, arrow indicating 180˚ twist of valve end. Fig. 28. Break in valve showing loculate areolae and the lock-and-ball mechanism of the raphe. Scale bars: 50 μm (Figs 19–21), 20 μm (Fig. 27), 10 μm (Figs 25, 26), 5 μm (Figs 22, 23), 2 μm (Figs 24, 28)." pageId="6" pageNumber="175">Fig. 22</figureCitation>
|
||
); this also occurs in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A05DFD726FFF9FCF9BE4CFC6BFC96" authorityName="G. Reid" authorityYear="2012" box="[851,937,805,830]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Pleurosigmataceae" genus="Arcuatasigma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Naviculales" pageId="6" pageNumber="175" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="addu">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EA24ED726FFF9FCF9BE4CFC6BFC96" box="[851,937,805,830]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="175">A. addu</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB03ADD726FFF9FC12BE4CFBF2FC96" author="Reid, G." box="[952,1072,805,830]" pageId="6" pageNumber="175" refId="ref6667" refString="Reid, G. (2012) A revision of the family Pleurosigmataceae (Bacillariophyta). Diatom Monographs 14. A. R. G. Gantner Verlag K. G., Ruggell, Liechtenstein, 163 pp." type="book" year="2012">Reid 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, Plate 15, fig. 2). In
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D3CB5D5D726FFF9FAB9BE4CFA6EFC96" box="[1299,1452,805,830]" count="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="175" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
the areolae appeared round, perhaps due to dissolution or being at an early stage of development so the openings have not been fully filled in (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB03ADD726FFF9FE31BE04FD73FC2E" author="Cox, E. J. & Kennaway, G. M." box="[411,689,877,902]" pageId="6" pageNumber="175" pagination="35 - 48" refId="ref6005" refString="Cox, E. J. & Kennaway, G. M. (2004) Studies of valve morphogenesis in pennate diatoms: investigating aspects of cell biology in a systematic context. In: Poulin, M. (Ed.) Proceedings of the 17 th International Diatom Symposium Ottawa 2002. Biopress Ltd. Bristol., pp. 35 - 48." type="book chapter" year="2004">Cox & Kennaway 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Raphe eccentric, crossing the main body of the valve diagonally, becoming eccentric at the poles running close to the valve edge (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130162D9D726FFF9FCDABEF8FC35FC02" box="[880,1015,913,938]" captionStart="FIGURES 19–28" captionStartId="6.[136,243,160,181]" captionText="FIGURES 19–28. Arcuatasigma belizense G. Reid sp. nov. Fig. 19. Internal view of valve. Fig. 20. External view of valve. Fig. 21. External view of frustule (holotype BM-BP168). Fig. 22. External central area showing overlapping central raphe fissures.Arrows indicate paired areolae openings, V-shaped joining two areolae. Fig. 23. Internal pole. Fig. 24. Internal central nodule flanked by two central bars. Fig. 25. External pole showing raphe running onto valve mantle terminating in simple raphe fissure on the mantle. Fig. 26. External pole of frustule with plain girdle bands. Fig. 27. Pole, arrow indicating 180˚ twist of valve end. Fig. 28. Break in valve showing loculate areolae and the lock-and-ball mechanism of the raphe. Scale bars: 50 μm (Figs 19–21), 20 μm (Fig. 27), 10 μm (Figs 25, 26), 5 μm (Figs 22, 23), 2 μm (Figs 24, 28)." pageId="6" pageNumber="175">Figs 19, 25</figureCitation>
|
||
). Terminal raphe fissure following the curvature of the edge of the pole, terminating on the valve mantle (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130162D9D726FFF9FC23BEDCFBCDFC66" box="[905,1039,949,974]" captionStart="FIGURES 19–28" captionStartId="6.[136,243,160,181]" captionText="FIGURES 19–28. Arcuatasigma belizense G. Reid sp. nov. Fig. 19. Internal view of valve. Fig. 20. External view of valve. Fig. 21. External view of frustule (holotype BM-BP168). Fig. 22. External central area showing overlapping central raphe fissures.Arrows indicate paired areolae openings, V-shaped joining two areolae. Fig. 23. Internal pole. Fig. 24. Internal central nodule flanked by two central bars. Fig. 25. External pole showing raphe running onto valve mantle terminating in simple raphe fissure on the mantle. Fig. 26. External pole of frustule with plain girdle bands. Fig. 27. Pole, arrow indicating 180˚ twist of valve end. Fig. 28. Break in valve showing loculate areolae and the lock-and-ball mechanism of the raphe. Scale bars: 50 μm (Figs 19–21), 20 μm (Fig. 27), 10 μm (Figs 25, 26), 5 μm (Figs 22, 23), 2 μm (Figs 24, 28)." pageId="6" pageNumber="175">Figs 25, 26</figureCitation>
|
||
). The external central raphe fissures completely overlapped (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130162D9D726FFF9FE33BEB0FE2EFC5A" box="[409,492,985,1010]" captionStart="FIGURES 19–28" captionStartId="6.[136,243,160,181]" captionText="FIGURES 19–28. Arcuatasigma belizense G. Reid sp. nov. Fig. 19. Internal view of valve. Fig. 20. External view of valve. Fig. 21. External view of frustule (holotype BM-BP168). Fig. 22. External central area showing overlapping central raphe fissures.Arrows indicate paired areolae openings, V-shaped joining two areolae. Fig. 23. Internal pole. Fig. 24. Internal central nodule flanked by two central bars. Fig. 25. External pole showing raphe running onto valve mantle terminating in simple raphe fissure on the mantle. Fig. 26. External pole of frustule with plain girdle bands. Fig. 27. Pole, arrow indicating 180˚ twist of valve end. Fig. 28. Break in valve showing loculate areolae and the lock-and-ball mechanism of the raphe. Scale bars: 50 μm (Figs 19–21), 20 μm (Fig. 27), 10 μm (Figs 25, 26), 5 μm (Figs 22, 23), 2 μm (Figs 24, 28)." pageId="6" pageNumber="175">Fig. 22</figureCitation>
|
||
) as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A05DFD726FFF9FD93BEB0FD50FC5A" authorityName="G. Reid" authorityYear="2012" box="[569,658,985,1010]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Pleurosigmataceae" genus="Arcuatasigma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Naviculales" pageId="6" pageNumber="175" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="addu">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EA24ED726FFF9FD93BEB0FD50FC5A" box="[569,658,985,1010]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="175">A. addu</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A05DFD726FFF9FD60BEB0FCBBFC5A" authorityName="G. Reid" authorityYear="2012" baseAuthorityName="Grunow" baseAuthorityYear="1884" box="[714,889,985,1010]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Pleurosigmataceae" genus="Arcuatasigma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Naviculales" pageId="6" pageNumber="175" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="closterioides">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EA24ED726FFF9FD60BEB0FCBBFC5A" box="[714,889,985,1010]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="175">A. closterioides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in contrast to the two
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32D3ECCD726FFF9FBD0BEB0FB7CFC5A" box="[1146,1214,985,1010]" name="Guam" pageId="6" pageNumber="175">Guam</collectingCountry>
|
||
species, where there was no overlap or only the pores overlapped. Raphe sternum thickening was denser on the primary side of the valve. Internal central nodule (0.9-1 μm diam.) flanked either side by central bars (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130162D9D726FFF9FC42B948FBFCFB92" box="[1000,1086,1057,1082]" captionStart="FIGURES 19–28" captionStartId="6.[136,243,160,181]" captionText="FIGURES 19–28. Arcuatasigma belizense G. Reid sp. nov. Fig. 19. Internal view of valve. Fig. 20. External view of valve. Fig. 21. External view of frustule (holotype BM-BP168). Fig. 22. External central area showing overlapping central raphe fissures.Arrows indicate paired areolae openings, V-shaped joining two areolae. Fig. 23. Internal pole. Fig. 24. Internal central nodule flanked by two central bars. Fig. 25. External pole showing raphe running onto valve mantle terminating in simple raphe fissure on the mantle. Fig. 26. External pole of frustule with plain girdle bands. Fig. 27. Pole, arrow indicating 180˚ twist of valve end. Fig. 28. Break in valve showing loculate areolae and the lock-and-ball mechanism of the raphe. Scale bars: 50 μm (Figs 19–21), 20 μm (Fig. 27), 10 μm (Figs 25, 26), 5 μm (Figs 22, 23), 2 μm (Figs 24, 28)." pageId="6" pageNumber="175">Fig. 24</figureCitation>
|
||
). Internally the raphe terminates in a helictoglossa at the pole (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130162D9D726FFF9FE70B92CFDF2FBF6" box="[474,560,1093,1118]" captionStart="FIGURES 19–28" captionStartId="6.[136,243,160,181]" captionText="FIGURES 19–28. Arcuatasigma belizense G. Reid sp. nov. Fig. 19. Internal view of valve. Fig. 20. External view of valve. Fig. 21. External view of frustule (holotype BM-BP168). Fig. 22. External central area showing overlapping central raphe fissures.Arrows indicate paired areolae openings, V-shaped joining two areolae. Fig. 23. Internal pole. Fig. 24. Internal central nodule flanked by two central bars. Fig. 25. External pole showing raphe running onto valve mantle terminating in simple raphe fissure on the mantle. Fig. 26. External pole of frustule with plain girdle bands. Fig. 27. Pole, arrow indicating 180˚ twist of valve end. Fig. 28. Break in valve showing loculate areolae and the lock-and-ball mechanism of the raphe. Scale bars: 50 μm (Figs 19–21), 20 μm (Fig. 27), 10 μm (Figs 25, 26), 5 μm (Figs 22, 23), 2 μm (Figs 24, 28)." pageId="6" pageNumber="175">Fig. 23</figureCitation>
|
||
). Girdle bands were plain (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130162D9D726FFF9FCC9B92CFC7AFBF6" box="[867,952,1093,1118]" captionStart="FIGURES 19–28" captionStartId="6.[136,243,160,181]" captionText="FIGURES 19–28. Arcuatasigma belizense G. Reid sp. nov. Fig. 19. Internal view of valve. Fig. 20. External view of valve. Fig. 21. External view of frustule (holotype BM-BP168). Fig. 22. External central area showing overlapping central raphe fissures.Arrows indicate paired areolae openings, V-shaped joining two areolae. Fig. 23. Internal pole. Fig. 24. Internal central nodule flanked by two central bars. Fig. 25. External pole showing raphe running onto valve mantle terminating in simple raphe fissure on the mantle. Fig. 26. External pole of frustule with plain girdle bands. Fig. 27. Pole, arrow indicating 180˚ twist of valve end. Fig. 28. Break in valve showing loculate areolae and the lock-and-ball mechanism of the raphe. Scale bars: 50 μm (Figs 19–21), 20 μm (Fig. 27), 10 μm (Figs 25, 26), 5 μm (Figs 22, 23), 2 μm (Figs 24, 28)." pageId="6" pageNumber="175">Fig. 26</figureCitation>
|
||
). The appearance of the valve, as with other members of the genus varied greatly depending on the orientation it was lying (valve, girdle or somewhere in between
|
||
<figureCitation id="130162D9D726FFF9FF22B9E4FECBFB0E" box="[136,265,1165,1190]" captionStart="FIGURES 19–28" captionStartId="6.[136,243,160,181]" captionText="FIGURES 19–28. Arcuatasigma belizense G. Reid sp. nov. Fig. 19. Internal view of valve. Fig. 20. External view of valve. Fig. 21. External view of frustule (holotype BM-BP168). Fig. 22. External central area showing overlapping central raphe fissures.Arrows indicate paired areolae openings, V-shaped joining two areolae. Fig. 23. Internal pole. Fig. 24. Internal central nodule flanked by two central bars. Fig. 25. External pole showing raphe running onto valve mantle terminating in simple raphe fissure on the mantle. Fig. 26. External pole of frustule with plain girdle bands. Fig. 27. Pole, arrow indicating 180˚ twist of valve end. Fig. 28. Break in valve showing loculate areolae and the lock-and-ball mechanism of the raphe. Scale bars: 50 μm (Figs 19–21), 20 μm (Fig. 27), 10 μm (Figs 25, 26), 5 μm (Figs 22, 23), 2 μm (Figs 24, 28)." pageId="6" pageNumber="175">Figs 19–21</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |