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<mods:title id="55D641ACF76BF6F74B353CC23948C558">A contribution to the knowledge of the subfamily Panagaeinae Hope, 1838 from Africa. Part 1. Revision of the Craspedophorus reflexus group (Coleoptera: Carabidae)</mods:title>
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<paragraph id="8B9936F801573000FF0BD65FFD6FFD6D" blockId="6.[151,744,620,679]" box="[151,690,620,646]" pageId="6" pageNumber="510">
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<emphasis id="B952EAEA01573000FF0BD65FFD6FFD6D" bold="true" box="[151,690,620,646]" pageId="6" pageNumber="510">
6.
<taxonomicName id="4C264D7B01573000FF28D65FFD6FFD6D" ID-CoL="6BC4T" authority="Alluaud, 1930" authorityName="Alluaud" authorityYear="1930" box="[180,690,620,646]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Craspedophorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="510" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ethmoides">
<emphasis id="B952EAEA01573000FF28D65FFE21FD6D" bold="true" box="[180,508,620,646]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="510">Craspedophorus ethmoides</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B0901573000FD98D65FFD6FFD6D" author="Alluaud" box="[516,690,620,646]" pageId="6" pageNumber="525" refString="Alluaud, C. (1930) Note sur les Panageides dAfrique tropicale. Afra, Cahiers d'Entomologie, 1, 1 - 9." type="journal article" year="1930">Alluaud, 1930</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C33C657301573000FF0BD6BDFD35FD4C" box="[151,744,654,679]" pageId="6" pageNumber="510" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9936F801573000FF0BD6BDFD35FD4C" blockId="6.[151,744,620,679]" box="[151,744,654,679]" pageId="6" pageNumber="510">
(Plate 2, Figs 9, 10,
<figureCitation id="131D2A7D01573000FEE4D6BDFE0AFD4C" box="[376,471,654,679]" captionStart="FIGURE 27. a. C" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1855,1877]" captionTargetBox="[348,1246,1100,1788]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[340,1247,1095,1795]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 27. a. C. ethmoides Alluaud, 1930, HT (male), dorsal habitus; b. microsculpture of elytral humerus, dorsal view; c. left metepisternum outlined in yellow; d. MNHN labels; e. C. impictus (Boheman, 1848), female, Zanzibar, microsculpture of elytral humerus, dorsal view. f. C. ruvumanus sp. n., HT (male), microsculpture of elytral humerus, dorsal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/264297/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="510">Fig. 27a</figureCitation>
, b, c, d, Plate 4, Fig. 34)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33C657301573000FF0BD6E5FC96FCE0" pageId="6" pageNumber="510" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8B9936F801573000FF0BD6E5FC96FCE0" blockId="6.[151,1436,726,779]" pageId="6" pageNumber="510">
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<taxonomicName id="4C264D7B01573000FF0BD6E5FDA4FD07" ID-CoL="6BC4T" authority="Alluaud, 1930: 8" authorityName="Alluaud" authorityPageNumber="8" authorityYear="1930" box="[151,633,726,748]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Craspedophorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="510" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ethmoides">
<emphasis id="B952EAEA01573000FF0BD6E5FE69FD07" box="[151,436,726,748]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="510">Craspedophorus ethmoides</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0A8710E901573000FE5CD6E5FDA4FD07" author="Alluaud" box="[448,633,726,748]" page="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="510" year="1930">
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B0901573000FE5CD6E5FD86FD07" author="Alluaud" box="[448,603,726,748]" pageId="6" pageNumber="525" refString="Alluaud, C. (1930) Note sur les Panageides dAfrique tropicale. Afra, Cahiers d'Entomologie, 1, 1 - 9." type="journal article" year="1930">Alluaud, 1930</bibRefCitation>
: 8
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<typeStatus id="549D885A01573000FD10D6E5FD64FD07" box="[652,697,726,748]" pageId="6" pageNumber="510">type</typeStatus>
loc. “Monts Rouwenzori, versant oriental, zone inférieure,
<quantity id="4CDE9B1D01573000FAD6D6E5FA4FFD07" box="[1354,1426,726,748]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="6" pageNumber="510" unit="m" value="1600.0">1600m</quantity>
” [=
<collectingCountry id="F331766801573000FF47D6C6FEEDFCE0" box="[219,304,757,779]" name="Uganda" pageId="6" pageNumber="510">Uganda</collectingCountry>
: Ruwenzori Mountains]).
<treatmentCitation id="0A8710E901573000FDA5D6C6FC9BFCE0" author="Hackel" box="[569,838,757,779]" page="80" pageId="6" pageNumber="510" year="2012">
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B0901573000FDA5D6C6FCFCFCE0" author="Hackel" box="[569,801,757,779]" pageId="6" pageNumber="526" refString="Hackel, M. &amp; Farkac, J. (2012) A check-list of the subfamily Panagaeinae Hope, 1838 of the World (Coleoptera: Carabidae). Studies and Reports, Taxonomical Series, 8 (1 - 2), 67 - 116." type="journal article" year="2012">Häckel et Farkač 2012</bibRefCitation>
: 80
</treatmentCitation>
.
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</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<paragraph id="8B9936F801573000FF0BD704FB40FC57" blockId="6.[151,1437,823,1533]" pageId="6" pageNumber="510">
<emphasis id="B952EAEA01573000FF0BD704FE99FCBB" bold="true" box="[151,324,823,848]" pageId="6" pageNumber="510">
<typeStatus id="549D885A01573000FF0BD704FF0FFCBB" box="[151,210,823,848]" pageId="6" pageNumber="510">Type</typeStatus>
material.
</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="549D885A01573000FED6D704FE6FFCBB" box="[330,434,823,848]" pageId="6" pageNumber="510" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
(♂): “Museum Paris / Monts Rouwenzori / versant oriental / zone inférieure
<quantity id="4CDE9B1D01573000FA90D704FABDFCA4" box="[1292,1376,823,848]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="6" pageNumber="510" unit="m" value="1600.0">1600 m</quantity>
/ Ch. Alluaud 1909 [printed, blue label] // janvier [printed white label] //
<collectionCode id="ED37AE3D01573000FC15D76EFC12FC9F" box="[905,975,861,884]" pageId="6" pageNumber="510">
<typeStatus id="549D885A01573000FC15D76EFC12FC9F" box="[905,975,861,884]" pageId="6" pageNumber="510">TYPE</typeStatus>
</collectionCode>
[printed, red letters, white on red label] / /
<taxonomicName id="4C264D7B01573000FF37D74CFEBBFC73" box="[171,358,895,920]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Craspedophorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="510" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B952EAEA01573000FF37D74CFEBBFC73" box="[171,358,895,920]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="510">Craspedophorus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
/
<taxonomicName id="4C264D7B01573000FE1AD74CFE25FC73" box="[390,504,895,920]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Craspedophorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="510" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ethmoides">
<emphasis id="B952EAEA01573000FE1AD74CFE25FC73" box="[390,504,895,920]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="510">ethmoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
/
<typeStatus id="549D885A01573000FD84D7B3FD8DFC73" box="[536,592,896,920]" pageId="6" pageNumber="510">Type</typeStatus>
[handwritten in black ink] / Alluaud det. 1930 [printed, brown letters, combined with handwritten corrections in black ink]”, (Plate 2, Fig. 9,
<figureCitation id="131D2A7D01573000FC2DD797FBD3FC56" box="[945,1038,932,957]" captionStart="FIGURE 27. a. C" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1855,1877]" captionTargetBox="[348,1246,1100,1788]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[340,1247,1095,1795]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 27. a. C. ethmoides Alluaud, 1930, HT (male), dorsal habitus; b. microsculpture of elytral humerus, dorsal view; c. left metepisternum outlined in yellow; d. MNHN labels; e. C. impictus (Boheman, 1848), female, Zanzibar, microsculpture of elytral humerus, dorsal view. f. C. ruvumanus sp. n., HT (male), microsculpture of elytral humerus, dorsal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/264297/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="510">Fig. 27a</figureCitation>
d,
<collectionCode id="ED37AE3D01573000FBABD797FB4FFC57" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" box="[1079,1170,932,956]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="6" pageNumber="510">MNHN</collectionCode>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9936F801573000FF5BD7F4FC86FBEF" blockId="6.[151,1437,823,1533]" pageId="6" pageNumber="510">
<emphasis id="B952EAEA01573000FF5BD7F4FD53FC0B" bold="true" box="[199,654,967,992]" pageId="6" pageNumber="510">
Other material examined.
<collectingCountry id="F331766801573000FD9BD7F4FD54FC0B" box="[519,649,967,992]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="6" pageNumber="510">DR Congo</collectingCountry>
.
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="9D20FD7101573000FD0AD7FBFD18FC34" box="[662,709,968,992]" pageId="6" pageNumber="510" type="generic">1 ♂</specimenCount>
: “Région du Kivu [Nord-Kivu Prov.] (Babault),
<taxonomicName id="4C264D7B01573000FB6CD7F4FF2CFBEE" authority="All., Alluaud" authorityName="All., Alluaud" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Craspedophorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="510" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ethmoides">
<emphasis id="B952EAEA01573000FB6CD7F4FABCFC0B" box="[1264,1377,967,992]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="510">ethmoides</emphasis>
All., Alluaud
</taxonomicName>
det. 1932“ (Plate 2, Fig. 10, Plate 4, Fig. 34,
<collectionCode id="ED37AE3D01573000FD69D7DFFC8DFBEF" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" box="[757,848,1004,1028]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="6" pageNumber="510">MNHN</collectionCode>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9936F801573000FF5BD03CFBC4FAEB" blockId="6.[151,1437,823,1533]" pageId="6" pageNumber="510">
<emphasis id="B952EAEA01573000FF5BD03CFEDBFBC3" bold="true" box="[199,262,1039,1064]" pageId="6" pageNumber="510">Note.</emphasis>
The original description of this species was based on a single specimen, labelled “Ruwenzori, 2000”. Description (in part, see
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B0901573000FE2ED007FD8CFBA7" author="Alluaud" box="[434,593,1076,1101]" pageId="6" pageNumber="525" refString="Alluaud, C. (1930) Note sur les Panageides dAfrique tropicale. Afra, Cahiers d'Entomologie, 1, 1 - 9." type="journal article" year="1930">Alluaud 1930</bibRefCitation>
: 8). “Stature and aspect as in
<taxonomicName id="4C264D7B01573000FC3AD006FB3BFBA7" authority="Boheman, 1848" authorityName="Boheman" authorityYear="1848" box="[934,1254,1076,1101]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Craspedophorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="510" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="impictus">
<emphasis id="B952EAEA01573000FC3AD006FBF5FBA7" box="[934,1064,1077,1100]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="510">C. impictus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B0901573000FBACD007FB3BFBA7" author="Boheman" box="[1072,1254,1076,1101]" pageId="6" pageNumber="525" refString="Boheman, C. H. (1848) Insecta Caffraria annis 1838 - 1845 a J. A. Wahlberg collecta amici auxillio suffultus. Pars I, Fasc. 1. (Carabici, Hydrocanthari, Gyrinii et Staphylinii). Fritze &amp; Norstedt, Holmiae, viii + 625 pp. [1851]" type="book chapter" year="1848">Boheman, 1848</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, because elytral maculae are absent. Antennae fairly long, almost reaching elytral midlength. Pronotum with more sinuate lateral margins in front of hind angles, disc less coarsely punctured; elytra covered more densely by setae, striae more deeply impressed. Tarsi covered by ferruginous setae. The single specimen I have was collected in
<date id="FF98103801573000FB78D093FAA7FB53" box="[1252,1402,1184,1208]" pageId="6" pageNumber="510" value="1909-01">January 1909</date>
on eastern slopes of Ruwenzori Mountains, at
<quantity id="4CDE9B1D01573000FDE5D0F7FD13FB37" box="[633,718,1220,1244]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="510" unit="m" value="2000.0">2000 m</quantity>
altitude. More material seems to be necessary in order to decide if it is different species or a subspecies of
<taxonomicName id="4C264D7B01573000FDF0D0DBFD31FAEB" box="[620,748,1256,1280]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Craspedophorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="510" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="impictus">
<emphasis id="B952EAEA01573000FDF0D0DBFD31FAEB" box="[620,748,1256,1280]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="510">C. impictus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
” [translated from French].
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9936F801573000FF5BD13FFE76FA33" blockId="6.[151,1437,823,1533]" pageId="6" pageNumber="510">
Alluauds description is here supplemented by photos of the
<collectionCode id="ED37AE3D01573000FC17D13EFC3CFACF" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" box="[907,993,1293,1316]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="6" pageNumber="510">MNHN</collectionCode>
<typeStatus id="549D885A01573000FC76D13EFBC7FACE" box="[1002,1050,1293,1317]" pageId="6" pageNumber="510">type</typeStatus>
(male, not dissected
<figureCitation id="131D2A7D01573000FA88D13FFAA6FACE" box="[1300,1403,1292,1317]" captionStart="FIGURE 27. a. C" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1855,1877]" captionTargetBox="[348,1246,1100,1788]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[340,1247,1095,1795]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 27. a. C. ethmoides Alluaud, 1930, HT (male), dorsal habitus; b. microsculpture of elytral humerus, dorsal view; c. left metepisternum outlined in yellow; d. MNHN labels; e. C. impictus (Boheman, 1848), female, Zanzibar, microsculpture of elytral humerus, dorsal view. f. C. ruvumanus sp. n., HT (male), microsculpture of elytral humerus, dorsal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/264297/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="510">Figs 27a</figureCitation>
,d), preserved distal segments of the left antenna, elytral microsculpture (
<figureCitation id="131D2A7D01573000FC07D11CFC33FAA3" box="[923,1006,1327,1352]" captionStart="FIGURE 27. a. C" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1855,1877]" captionTargetBox="[348,1246,1100,1788]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[340,1247,1095,1795]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 27. a. C. ethmoides Alluaud, 1930, HT (male), dorsal habitus; b. microsculpture of elytral humerus, dorsal view; c. left metepisternum outlined in yellow; d. MNHN labels; e. C. impictus (Boheman, 1848), female, Zanzibar, microsculpture of elytral humerus, dorsal view. f. C. ruvumanus sp. n., HT (male), microsculpture of elytral humerus, dorsal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/264297/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="510">Fig. 27</figureCitation>
b), and aedeagus (Plate 4, Fig. 34) of a non-type specimen from Kivu,
<collectingCountry id="F331766801573000FE6BD166FDAFFA87" box="[503,626,1364,1388]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="6" pageNumber="510">DR Congo</collectingCountry>
, which was identified by Alluaud in 1932 also as
<taxonomicName id="4C264D7B01573000FB38D166FAEBFA86" box="[1188,1334,1364,1389]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Craspedophorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="510" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ethmoides">
<emphasis id="B952EAEA01573000FB38D166FAEBFA86" box="[1188,1334,1364,1389]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="510">C. ethmoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Plate 2, Fig. 10). On the basis of the given characters I place the species in the
<taxonomicName id="4C264D7B01573000FC5AD14BFB9CFA7B" box="[966,1089,1399,1424]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Craspedophorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="510" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reflexus">
<emphasis id="B952EAEA01573000FC5AD14BFB9CFA7B" box="[966,1089,1399,1424]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="510">C. reflexus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group near
<taxonomicName id="4C264D7B01573000FB50D14BFA90FA7B" box="[1228,1357,1400,1424]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Craspedophorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="510" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="impictus">
<emphasis id="B952EAEA01573000FB50D14BFA90FA7B" box="[1228,1357,1400,1424]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="510">C. impictus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(black species without elytral maculae). The differential characters given by Alluaud are incorporated into the key to species presented below.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33C657301573000FF5BD1D7FC9CFA16" box="[199,833,1508,1533]" pageId="6" pageNumber="510" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B9936F801573000FF5BD1D7FC9CFA16" blockId="6.[151,1437,823,1533]" box="[199,833,1508,1533]" pageId="6" pageNumber="510">
<emphasis id="B952EAEA01573000FF5BD1D7FEBDFA16" bold="true" box="[199,352,1508,1533]" pageId="6" pageNumber="510">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F331766801573000FEFBD1D6FE39FA17" box="[359,484,1508,1532]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="6" pageNumber="510">DR Congo</collectingCountry>
: Nord-Kivu Province;
<collectingCountry id="F331766801573000FD7FD1D7FCE3FA16" box="[739,830,1508,1533]" name="Uganda" pageId="6" pageNumber="510">Uganda</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>