333 lines
40 KiB
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333 lines
40 KiB
XML
<document id="A2325DB5D06EEAD00F32C4C547702CA0" ID-DOI="10.1590/1982-0224-20180079" ID-ISSN="1982-0224" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3710044" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="admin" IM.treatments_approvedBy="admin" approvalRequired="1" approvalRequired_for_treatments="1" checkinTime="1584124712953" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Arratia, Gloria" docDate="2018" docId="038C87D2101FFFA7FF2AFC30C60EF9EA" docLanguage="en" docName="NeotropIchthyol.16.3.e180079.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:85A40B78B715C4497F837D9D78407CE5.4:NeotropIchthyol.2003-2013.journal_article" docStyleId="85A40B78B715C4497F837D9D78407CE5" docStyleName="NeotropIchthyol.2003-2013.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Ostariophysi" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="6" masterDocId="FFB5FFAA101AFFA2FF8CFF81C34EFFE3" masterDocTitle="Otomorphs (= otocephalans or ostarioclupeomorphs) revisited" masterLastPageNumber="24" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="6" updateTime="1710894735941" updateUser="admin" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:titleInfo id="AAC2446F82078F5C41ED406B4BE16D69">
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<mods:title id="63DEA2F94BE918DA10541B67EA53E037">Otomorphs (= otocephalans or ostarioclupeomorphs) revisited</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="FA9EEB6A5163FF204D7398CD43BDAD3E" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="BF31A96C7AFE970FBE4ECE47048F3E01">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="C0F8664C37570D4FBE6748B2B128D6BC">Arratia, Gloria</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="98B7FA9D05F382BBA0DF501932811175">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="8338F34EECC22BEF4B5D4AA39910A440">Neotropical Ichthyology</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="BF7B62AECBD1D8285ADFA0DBBD153D88">
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<mods:date id="665F6FA4D0A8CBE05A861EE0D8BDDBCC">2018</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="0229A5A10967135109CF6B00A526735B" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="7DDE9028228BC34AE4B58C3F7D91461F">2018-10-11</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="76B3A167A3806B5ECD10DC911FE670DC" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="D5ADF70BFACC23F10D95CC70CE3BED3A">16</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="DA6ED8639921733F3C9AB97882B09B44" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="2C5F600D40CFCDC774E5E4F1F146C277">3</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="F2C175E16F8A62322D5D7EEC5B1ED060" type="DOI">10.1590/1982-0224-20180079</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="555E7E6183EF172DB73946D5CC22D507" type="ISSN">1982-0224</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="62B0BE0648E681350AC61ED90888B8A8" type="Zenodo-Dep">3710044</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="038C87D2101FFFA7FF2AFC30C60EF9EA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038C87D2101FFFA7FF2AFC30C60EF9EA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038C87D2101FFFA7FF2AFC30C60EF9EA" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<subSubSection id="C33F654F101FFFA7FF2AFC30C20EFC2A" box="[166,320,945,969]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B9A36C4101FFFA7FF2AFC30C20EFC2A" blockId="5.[129,768,945,1962]" box="[166,320,945,969]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<emphasis id="B951EAD6101FFFA7FF2AFC30C20EFC2A" bold="true" box="[166,320,945,969]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<heading id="D0D281A8101FFFA7FF2AFC30C275FC2A" box="[166,315,945,969]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<taxonomicName id="4C254D47101FFFA7FF2AFC30C275FC2A" box="[166,315,945,969]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Ostariophysi</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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.
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33F654F101FFFA7FEC5FC30C673F9EA" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B9A36C4101FFFA7FEC5FC30C263FACA" blockId="5.[129,768,945,1962]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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Ostariophysans are characterized by numerous features, with only a few listed here: basisphenoid absent; sacculi and lagena with a posterior position and nearer midline; dermal portion of the palatine (= dermopalatine) absent and represented only by the autopalatine; gas bladder divided into smaller anterior and larger posterior chambers; presence of a unique alarm substance in epidermis (absent in gymnotiforms, with electrical signaling); and presence of nuptial tubercles with well-developed keratinous caps. For other characters and comments see
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB44B35101FFFA7FE76FB50C1E1FB0A" author="Fink, Fink" box="[506,687,1233,1257]" firstAuthor="Fink" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="297 - 353" refId="ref18205" refString="Fink SV, Fink WL. Interrelationships of the Ostariophysan Fishes (Teleostei). Zool J Linnean Soc. 1981; 72 (4): 297 - 353." type="journal article" year="1981">Fink, Fink (1981</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB44B35101FFFA7FD36FB50C1BDFB0A" author="Fink, Fink" box="[698,755,1233,1257]" firstAuthor="Fink" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="209 - 249" refId="ref18236" refString="Fink SV, Fink WL. Interrelationships of ostariophysan fishes (Teleostei). In: Interrelationships of fishes. Stiassny MLJ, Parenti LR, Johnson GD, editors. San Diego: Academic Press; 1996; p. 209 - 249." type="book chapter" year="1996">1996</bibRefCitation>
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),
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB44B35101FFFA7FF0DFB70C200FAEA" author="Fink" box="[129,334,1265,1289]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Fink" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="1033 - 41" refId="ref18281" refString="Fink SV, Greenwood PH, Fink WL. A critique on recent work on fossil ostariophysan fishes. Copeia. 1984; 1984 (4): 1033 - 41." type="journal article" year="1984">
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Fink
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<emphasis id="B951EAD6101FFFA7FF31FB73C3B7FAEA" box="[189,249,1265,1289]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">et al.</emphasis>
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(1984)
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</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB44B35101FFFA7FED2FB70C136FAEA" author="Lecointre, Nelson" box="[350,632,1265,1289]" firstAuthor="Lecointre" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="193 - 207" refId="ref19435" refString="Lecointre G, Nelson GJ. 1996. Clupeomorpha, sister-group of Ostariophysi. In: Interrelationships of Fishes. Stiassny MLJ, Parenti LR, Johnson GD, editors. San Diego: Academic Press; 1996. p. 193 - 207." type="book chapter" year="1996">
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Lecointre,
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<collectingRegion id="49E1F826101FFFA7FE5BFB70C16DFAEA" box="[471,547,1265,1289]" country="New Zealand" name="Nelson" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Nelson</collectingRegion>
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(1996)
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</bibRefCitation>
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, and
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB44B35101FFFA7FD36FB70C267FACA" author="Wiley, Johnson" firstAuthor="Wiley" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="123 - 182" refId="ref21109" refString="Wiley EO, Johnson GD. A teleost classification based on a monophyletic group. In: Origin and Phylogenetic Relationships on Teleosts. Nelson JS, Schultze H-P, Wilson MVH, editors. Munchen: Verlag. Dr. F. Pfeil; 2010. p. 123 - 182." type="book chapter" year="2010">Wiley, Johnson (2010)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9A36C4101FFFA7FF2AFAB0C621FDAB" blockId="5.[129,768,945,1962]" lastBlockId="5.[813,1452,176,1545]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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Ostariophysans (
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<figureCitation id="131E2A41101FFFA7FED6FAB0C2D5FAAA" box="[346,411,1329,1353]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[129,168,1740,1764]" captionTargetBox="[137,1442,177,1720]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[135,1445,174,1724]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 4. Diagrammatic representation of different otomorph groups such as: a. clupeiformes; b. alepocephaliforms; c. gonorynchiforms; d. cypriniforms; e. characiforms; f. siluriforms; g. gymnotiforms." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3710052" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3710052/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
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c-g) comprise ca. 10,400 species contained in about 1,350 genera, 80 families and five orders (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB44B35101FFFA7FF04FAF0C214FA6A" author="Nelson" box="[136,346,1393,1417]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Nelson" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" refId="ref20170" refString="Nelson JS, Grande T, Wilson MVH. Fishes of the World. 5 th ed. Hoboken: John Wiley & Sons; 2016." type="book" year="2016">
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Nelson
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<emphasis id="B951EAD6101FFFA7FF51FAF3C25BFA6A" box="[221,277,1393,1417]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">et al.</emphasis>
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, 2016
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</bibRefCitation>
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) included in two sections, Anatophysa (
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<emphasis id="B951EAD6101FFFA7FF05FA13C38AFA4A" box="[137,196,1426,1449]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">sensu</emphasis>
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Betancur-R
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<emphasis id="B951EAD6101FFFA7FEC1FA13C2CDFA4A" box="[333,387,1425,1449]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">et al.</emphasis>
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, 2017 or Anatophysi of
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB44B35101FFFA7FD05FA10C3F7FA2A" author="Fink, Fink" firstAuthor="Fink" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="297 - 353" refId="ref18205" refString="Fink SV, Fink WL. Interrelationships of the Ostariophysan Fishes (Teleostei). Zool J Linnean Soc. 1981; 72 (4): 297 - 353." type="journal article" year="1981">Fink, Fink, 1981</bibRefCitation>
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), which contains
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<taxonomicName id="4C254D47101FFFA7FE01FA30C11AFA2A" box="[397,596,1457,1481]" class="Actinopterygii" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gonorynchiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Gonorynchiformes</taxonomicName>
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and Otophysa (
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<emphasis id="B951EAD6101FFFA7FF05FA53C38AFA0A" box="[137,196,1490,1513]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">sensu</emphasis>
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Betancur-R
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<emphasis id="B951EAD6101FFFA7FEDEFA53C2C5FA0A" box="[338,395,1489,1513]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">et al.</emphasis>
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, 2017 or Otophysi of
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB44B35101FFFA7FD0BFA50C3F7F9EA" author="Fink, Fink" firstAuthor="Fink" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="297 - 353" refId="ref18205" refString="Fink SV, Fink WL. Interrelationships of the Ostariophysan Fishes (Teleostei). Zool J Linnean Soc. 1981; 72 (4): 297 - 353." type="journal article" year="1981">Fink, Fink, 1981</bibRefCitation>
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), which in turn, includes
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<taxonomicName id="4C254D47101FFFA7FE57FA70C136F9EA" box="[475,632,1521,1545]" class="Actinopterygii" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Cypriniformes</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C254D47101FFFA7FD0AFA70C3E0F9CA" class="Actinopterygii" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Characiformes</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C254D47101FFFA7FF37F990C20FF9CA" box="[187,321,1553,1577]" class="Actinopterygii" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Siluriformes</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName id="4C254D47101FFFA7FEF2F990C167F9CA" authorityName="Berg" authorityYear="1940" box="[382,553,1553,1577]" class="Actinopterygii" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Gymnotiformes</taxonomicName>
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. Although there are differences between morphological and most molecular phylogenetic hypotheses of the orders, there is now consensus concerning the monophyly of the group (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB44B35101FFFA7FDCEF9F0C1B5F96A" author="Fink, Fink" box="[578,763,1649,1673]" firstAuthor="Fink" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="297 - 353" refId="ref18205" refString="Fink SV, Fink WL. Interrelationships of the Ostariophysan Fishes (Teleostei). Zool J Linnean Soc. 1981; 72 (4): 297 - 353." type="journal article" year="1981">Fink, Fink, 1981</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB44B35101FFFA7FF0DF910C3F7F94A" author="Fink, Fink" box="[129,185,1681,1705]" firstAuthor="Fink" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="209 - 249" refId="ref18236" refString="Fink SV, Fink WL. Interrelationships of ostariophysan fishes (Teleostei). In: Interrelationships of fishes. Stiassny MLJ, Parenti LR, Johnson GD, editors. San Diego: Academic Press; 1996; p. 209 - 249." type="book chapter" year="1996">1996</bibRefCitation>
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; Betancur-R
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<emphasis id="B951EAD6101FFFA7FECDF913C238F94A" box="[321,374,1681,1705]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">et al.</emphasis>
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, 2017;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB44B35101FFFA7FE4EF910C1CEF94A" author="Arcila" box="[450,640,1681,1705]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Arcila" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="162" refId="ref16471" refString="Arcila D, Orti G, Vari RP, Armbruster JW, Stiassny MLJ, Ko KD, Sabaj MH et al. Genome wide interrogation advances resolution of recalcitrant groups in the Tree of Life. Nature Eco Evo. 2017; 17: 162. DOI: 10.1186 / s 12862 - 017 - 0958 - 3" type="journal article" year="2017">
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<collectingCountry id="F3327654101FFFA7FE4EF910C14AF94A" box="[450,516,1681,1705]" name="Morocco" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Arcila</collectingCountry>
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<emphasis id="B951EAD6101FFFA7FD85F913C170F94A" box="[521,574,1681,1705]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">et al.</emphasis>
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, 2017
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</bibRefCitation>
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) and also of the otophysans. Major differences include: (1) a few molecular studies have questioned the monophyly and relationships of the
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<taxonomicName id="4C254D47101FFFA7FF4CF970C215F8EA" box="[192,347,1777,1801]" class="Actinopterygii" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Characiformes</taxonomicName>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB44B35101FFFA7FEEAF970C10FF8EA" author="Nakatani" box="[358,577,1777,1801]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Nakatani" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="177" refId="ref19992" refString="Nakatani M, Miya M, Mabuchi K, Saitoh K, Nishida M. Evolutionary history of Otophysi (Teleostei), a major clade of the modern freshwater fishes: Pangaean origin and Mesozoic radiation. BMC Evol Biol. 2011; 11: 177. Available from: https: // doi. org / 10.1186 / 1471 - 2148 - 11 - 177" type="journal article" year="2011">
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Nakatani
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<emphasis id="B951EAD6101FFFA7FE40F973C2B1F8EA" box="[460,511,1777,1801]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">et al.</emphasis>
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, 2011
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</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB44B35101FFFA7FDC5F970C1B5F8EA" author="Chen" box="[585,763,1777,1801]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Chen" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="2218 - 39" refId="ref17674" refString="Chen WJ, Lavoue S, Mayden RL. Evolutionary origin and early biogeography of otophysan fishes (Ostariophysi: Teleostei). Evolution. 2013; 67 (8): 2218 - 39." type="journal article" year="2013">
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Chen
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<emphasis id="B951EAD6101FFFA7FD09F973C1F6F8EA" box="[645,696,1777,1801]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">et al.</emphasis>
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, 2013
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</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB44B35101FFFA7FF0DF890C2CEF8CA" author="Chakrabarty" box="[129,384,1809,1833]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Chakrabarty" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="881 - 885" refId="ref17571" refString="Chakrabarty P, Faircloth BC, Alda F, Ludt WB, McMahan CD, Near TJ, Dornburg A et al. Phylogenomic systematics of ostariophysan fishes: ultraconserved elements support the surprising non- monophyly of Characiformes. Syst Biol. 2017; 66 (6): 881 - 885. Available from: http: // doi. org / 10.1093 / sysbio / syx 038." type="journal article" year="2017">
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Chakrabarty
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<emphasis id="B951EAD6101FFFA7FE84F893C272F8CA" box="[264,316,1809,1833]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">et al.</emphasis>
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, 2017
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</bibRefCitation>
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), but monophyly of the group and its position as the sister to
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<taxonomicName id="4C254D47101FFFA7FE0FF8B0C164F8AA" authorityName="Berg" authorityYear="1940" box="[387,554,1841,1865]" class="Actinopterygii" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Gymnotiformes</taxonomicName>
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+
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<taxonomicName id="4C254D47101FFFA7FDC6F8B0C180F8AA" box="[586,718,1841,1865]" class="Actinopterygii" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Siluriformes</taxonomicName>
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was recently supported by other molecular studies (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB44B35101FFFA7FDFBF8D0C3F7F86A" author="Arcila" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Arcila" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="162" refId="ref16471" refString="Arcila D, Orti G, Vari RP, Armbruster JW, Stiassny MLJ, Ko KD, Sabaj MH et al. Genome wide interrogation advances resolution of recalcitrant groups in the Tree of Life. Nature Eco Evo. 2017; 17: 162. DOI: 10.1186 / s 12862 - 017 - 0958 - 3" type="journal article" year="2017">
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<collectingCountry id="F3327654101FFFA7FDFBF8D0C1F5F88A" box="[631,699,1873,1897]" name="Morocco" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Arcila</collectingCountry>
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<emphasis id="B951EAD6101FFFA7FD4FF8D3C1B7F88A" box="[707,761,1873,1897]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">et al.</emphasis>
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, 2017
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</bibRefCitation>
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; Betancur-R
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<emphasis id="B951EAD6101FFFA7FECEF8F3C239F86A" box="[322,375,1905,1929]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">et al.</emphasis>
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, 2017); (2) the family
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<taxonomicName id="4C254D47101FFFA7FDE8F8F0C1B1F86A" authorityName="Eigenmann" authorityYear="1890" box="[612,767,1905,1929]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Diplomystidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Diplomystidae</taxonomicName>
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appears as the most primitive catfish group in morphological studies of
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<taxonomicName id="4C254D47101FFFA7FC13FF31C76DFF2B" box="[927,1059,176,200]" class="Actinopterygii" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Siluriformes</taxonomicName>
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(
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<emphasis id="B951EAD6101FFFA7FBB9FF30C71AFF2B" box="[1077,1108,177,200]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">e.g</emphasis>
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.,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB44B35101FFFA7FBE5FF31C7B2FF2A" author="Arratia" box="[1129,1276,176,201]" firstAuthor="Arratia" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 120" refId="ref16589" refString="Arratia G. Description of the primitive family Diplomystidae (Siluriformes, Teleostei, Pisces): morphology, taxonomy, and phylogenetic implications. Bonner zool Monogr. 1987; 24: 1 - 120." type="journal article" year="1987">Arratia, 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB44B35101FFFA7FA85FF31C6D1FF2A" author="Grande" box="[1289,1439,176,201]" firstAuthor="Grande" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="24 - 54" refId="ref18626" refString="Grande L. Redescription of † Hypsidoris farsonensis (Teleostei: Siluriformes) with a reassessment of its phylogenetic relationships. J Vert Paleont. 1987; 7: 24 - 54." type="journal article" year="1987">Grande, 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
|
), whereas
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C254D47101FFFA7FC06FF51C773FF0B" box="[906,1085,208,232]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Nematogenyidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Nematogenyidae</taxonomicName>
|
|
plus other loricarioids is the sister to
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C254D47101FFFA7FCCBFF71C0ACFEEB" authorityName="Eigenmann" authorityYear="1890" box="[839,994,240,264]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Diplomystidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Diplomystidae</taxonomicName>
|
|
plus all other catfishes in molecular studies (
|
|
<emphasis id="B951EAD6101FFFA7FCB9FE90C01BFECB" box="[821,853,273,296]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">e.g</emphasis>
|
|
.,
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB44B35101FFFA7FCE0FE91C703FECB" author="Sullivan" box="[876,1101,272,296]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Sullivan" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="636 - 62" refId="ref20898" refString="Sullivan JP, Lundberg JG, Hardman M. A phylogenetic analysis of the major groups of catfishes (Teleostei: Siluriformes) using rag 1 and rag 2 nuclear gene sequences. Mol Phyl Evol. 2006; 41 (3): 636 - 62." type="journal article" year="2006">
|
|
Sullivan
|
|
<emphasis id="B951EAD6101FFFA7FC41FE90C74BFECB" box="[973,1029,272,296]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
, 2006
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB44B35101FFFA7FBD5FE91C66AFECA" author="Arcila" box="[1113,1316,272,297]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Arcila" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="162" refId="ref16471" refString="Arcila D, Orti G, Vari RP, Armbruster JW, Stiassny MLJ, Ko KD, Sabaj MH et al. Genome wide interrogation advances resolution of recalcitrant groups in the Tree of Life. Nature Eco Evo. 2017; 17: 162. DOI: 10.1186 / s 12862 - 017 - 0958 - 3" type="journal article" year="2017">
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F3327654101FFFA7FBD5FE91C7D5FECB" box="[1113,1179,272,296]" name="Morocco" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Arcila</collectingCountry>
|
|
<emphasis id="B951EAD6101FFFA7FB29FE90C793FECB" box="[1189,1245,272,296]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
, 2017
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
; Betancur-R
|
|
<emphasis id="B951EAD6101FFFA7FCA1FEB0C02CFEAB" box="[813,866,304,328]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
, 2017). For other references on the subject see
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB44B35101FFFA7FAD6FEB1C716FE8A" author="Arratia, Quezada-Romegialli" firstAuthor="Arratia" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="2991" refId="ref17061" refString="Arratia G, Quezada-Romegialli C. Understanding morphological variability in a taxonomic context in Chilean diplomystids (Teleostei: Siluriformes), including the description of a new species. PeerJ. 2017; 5 (4): e 2991; Available from: https: // doi. org / 10.7717 / peerj. 2991" type="journal article" year="2017">Arratia, Quezada-Romegialli (2017)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
. Most extant ostariophysans are primarily freshwater fishes with a global distribution (except
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F3327654101FFFA7FCA1FE11C0D3FE4B" box="[813,925,400,424]" name="Antarctica" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Antarctica</collectingCountry>
|
|
,
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F3327654101FFFA7FC2AFE11C759FE4B" box="[934,1047,400,424]" name="Greenland" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Greenland</collectingCountry>
|
|
, and
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F3327654101FFFA7FBC7FE10C795FE4B" box="[1099,1243,400,424]" name="New Zealand" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
|
), but there are about 120 marine species restricted to the
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C254D47101FFFA7FB3DFE31C0DBFE0B" authority="(Nelson et al., 2016)" baseAuthorityName="Nelson" baseAuthorityYear="2016" class="Actinopterygii" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">
|
|
Siluriformes (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB44B35101FFFA7FAC8FE31C0C3FE0B" author="Nelson" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Nelson" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" refId="ref20170" refString="Nelson JS, Grande T, Wilson MVH. Fishes of the World. 5 th ed. Hoboken: John Wiley & Sons; 2016." type="book" year="2016">
|
|
Nelson
|
|
<emphasis id="B951EAD6101FFFA7FA14FE30C006FE0B" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
, 2016
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
)
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
. Numerous fossils interpreted as possible stem taxa have been recovered in marine or estuarine strata, a fact that opens interesting questions concerning the evolution of the environment of Ostariophysi or of its particular orders.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="8B9A36C4101FFFA7FCDEFDD0C6E2FCAA" blockId="5.[813,1452,176,1545]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
|
Contrary to the current state of clupeiform research, ostariophysans -fossil and extant species- receive an enormous amount of attention, especially those living in the Neotropical Region; this is reflected in hundreds of publications produced by special projects, such as the “All Catfish Species Inventory” and “
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C254D47101FFFA7FC51FD71C7FCFCEB" authority="Tree" authorityName="Tree" box="[989,1202,752,776]" class="Actinopterygii" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Cypriniformes Tree</taxonomicName>
|
|
of Life” and other special publications (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB44B35101FFFA7FC61FC91C7A9FCCA" author="Malabarba" box="[1005,1255,784,809]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Malabarba" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" refId="ref19621" refString="Malabarba LR, Reis RE, Vari RP, Lucena ZMS, Lucena CAS, editors. Phylogeny and Classification of Neotropical Fishes. Porto Alegre: EDIPUCRS; 1998." type="book" year="1998">
|
|
Malabarba
|
|
<emphasis id="B951EAD6101FFFA7FBE5FC90C7EFFCCB" box="[1129,1185,784,808]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
, 1998
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB44B35101FFFA7FB7DFC91C6E6FCCA" author="Reis" box="[1265,1448,784,809]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Reis" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" refId="ref20507" refString="Reis RE, Kullander SO, Ferraris Junior CJ, editors. Check list of the Freshwater Fishes of South and Central America. CLOFFSA. Fish Base Data of Neotropical Fishes. Porto Alegre: Edipucrs; 2003." type="book" year="2003">
|
|
Reis
|
|
<emphasis id="B951EAD6101FFFA7FAA5FC90C62EFCCB" box="[1321,1376,784,808]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
, 2003
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB44B35101FFFA7FCA1FCB1C0B7FCAA" author="Arratia" box="[813,1017,816,841]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Arratia" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" refId="ref17036" refString="Arratia G, Kapoor BG, Chardon M, Diogo R, editors. Catfishes. Enfield, NH: Science Publishers; 2003." type="book" year="2003">
|
|
Arratia
|
|
<emphasis id="B951EAD6101FFFA7FCF2FCB0C0FAFCAB" box="[894,948,816,840]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
, 2003
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB44B35101FFFA7FB8FFCB1C79CFCAA" author="Grande" box="[1027,1234,816,841]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Grande" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="39 - 71" refId="ref18659" refString="Grande T, Arratia G. Morphological analysis of the gonorynchiform postcranial skeleton. In: Gonorynchiformes and Ostariophysan Relationships. Grande T, Poyato-Ariza FJ, Diogo R, editors. Enfield, NH: Science Publishers; 2010. p. 39 - 71." type="book chapter" year="2010">
|
|
Grande
|
|
<emphasis id="B951EAD6101FFFA7FBDBFCB0C7C3FCAB" box="[1111,1165,816,840]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
, 2010
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB44B35101FFFA7FB56FCB1C6EEFCAA" author="Albert, Reis" box="[1242,1440,816,841]" firstAuthor="Albert" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" refId="ref16269" refString="Albert JS, Reis RE, editors. Historical Biogeography of Neotropical Freshwater Fishes. Berkeley, Los Angeles, London: University of California Press; 2011." type="book" year="2011">Albert, Reis, 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="8B9A36C4101FFFA7FCDEFCD1C60EF9EA" blockId="5.[813,1452,176,1545]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
|
The oldest known ostariophysan is the Late Jurassic †
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C254D47101FFFA7FA08FCD0C75FFC6B" authorityName="Arratia" authorityYear="1997" class="Actinopterygii" genus="Tischlingerichthys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="viohli">
|
|
<emphasis id="B951EAD6101FFFA7FA08FCD0C75FFC6B" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Tischlingerichthys viohli</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
from
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F3327654101FFFA7FBDDFCF0C7FAFC6A" box="[1105,1204,881,905]" name="Germany" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Germany</collectingCountry>
|
|
, which is interpreted as
|
|
<emphasis id="B951EAD6101FFFA7FCA1FC10C0F0FC4B" box="[813,958,912,936]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">incertae sedis</emphasis>
|
|
(
|
|
<figureCitation id="131E2A41101FFFA7FC40FC11C757FC4B" box="[972,1049,912,936]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[136,174,1324,1348]" captionTargetBox="[136,775,178,1303]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[136,775,178,1303]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 5. Fossil otomorphs in lateral view. a. ostariophysan incertae sedis †Tischlingerichthys viohli Arratia, 1997; Upper Jurassic, Germany; holotype JM-E Moe 8; photograph courtesy of H. Tischlinger; b. clupeomorph †Santanaclupea silvasantosi Maisey, 1993; Lower Cretaceous, Brazil; paratype DNPM DGM1338-P; photograph courtesy of D. Mayrinck; c. clupeomorph †Ranulfoichthys dorsonudum Alvarado-Ortega, 2014; Lower Cretaceous, Mexico; paratype IGM 9034; photograph courtesy of J. Alvarado-Ortega; d. gonorynchiform †Gordichthys conquensis Poyato-Ariza, 1994; holotype MCCM-LH-1228; Lower Cretaceous, Spain; photograph by J.A. Gracia; courtesy by F.J. Poyato-Ariza. Scale bars = 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3710056" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3710056/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 5a</figureCitation>
|
|
). Numerous Early Cretaceous ostariophysans belonging to the
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C254D47101FFFA7FBBBFC31C7B0FC2B" box="[1079,1278,944,968]" class="Actinopterygii" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gonorynchiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Gonorynchiformes</taxonomicName>
|
|
are known from
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F3327654101FFFA7FCA1FC51C027FC0B" box="[813,873,976,1000]" name="Spain" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Spain</collectingCountry>
|
|
and
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F3327654101FFFA7FC28FC51C0AAFC0B" box="[932,996,976,1000]" name="Brazil" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
|
[
|
|
<emphasis id="B951EAD6101FFFA7FC74FC50C759FC0B" box="[1016,1047,977,1000]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">e.g</emphasis>
|
|
., †
|
|
<emphasis id="B951EAD6101FFFA7FBB0FC51C78AFC0B" box="[1084,1220,976,1000]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Rubiesichthy</emphasis>
|
|
s, †
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C254D47101FFFA7FB61FC51C620FC0B" authorityName="Poyato-Ariza" authorityYear="1994" box="[1261,1390,976,1000]" class="Actinopterygii" genus="Gordichthys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gonorynchiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B951EAD6101FFFA7FB61FC51C620FC0B" box="[1261,1390,976,1000]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Gordichthys</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(
|
|
<figureCitation id="131E2A41101FFFA7FA0DFC51C007FBEB" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[136,174,1324,1348]" captionTargetBox="[136,775,178,1303]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[136,775,178,1303]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 5. Fossil otomorphs in lateral view. a. ostariophysan incertae sedis †Tischlingerichthys viohli Arratia, 1997; Upper Jurassic, Germany; holotype JM-E Moe 8; photograph courtesy of H. Tischlinger; b. clupeomorph †Santanaclupea silvasantosi Maisey, 1993; Lower Cretaceous, Brazil; paratype DNPM DGM1338-P; photograph courtesy of D. Mayrinck; c. clupeomorph †Ranulfoichthys dorsonudum Alvarado-Ortega, 2014; Lower Cretaceous, Mexico; paratype IGM 9034; photograph courtesy of J. Alvarado-Ortega; d. gonorynchiform †Gordichthys conquensis Poyato-Ariza, 1994; holotype MCCM-LH-1228; Lower Cretaceous, Spain; photograph by J.A. Gracia; courtesy by F.J. Poyato-Ariza. Scale bars = 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3710056" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3710056/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 5d</figureCitation>
|
|
), and †
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C254D47101FFFA7FC10FC71C0BBFBEB" authorityName="Jordan" authorityYear="1910" box="[924,1013,1008,1032]" class="Actinopterygii" genus="Dastilbe" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gonorynchiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B951EAD6101FFFA7FC10FC71C0BBFBEB" box="[924,1013,1008,1032]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Dastilbe</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
; see
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB44B35101FFFA7FBBDFC71C7F0FBEA" author="Dietze" box="[1073,1214,1008,1033]" firstAuthor="Dietze" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="8 - 16" refId="ref17951" refString="Dietze K. Redescription of Dastilbe crandalli (Chanidae, Euteleostei) from the Early Cretaceous Crato Formation in north-eastern Brazil. J Vert Paleont. 2007; 27 (1): 8 - 16." type="journal article" year="2007">Dietze, 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
|
; Brito, Amaral, 2008;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB44B35101FFFA7FCA1FB91C71FFBCA" author="Poyato-Ariza" box="[813,1105,1040,1065]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Poyato-Ariza" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="227 - 338" refId="ref20450" refString="Poyato-Ariza FJ, Grande T, Diogo R: Gonorynchiform interrelationships: Historic overview, analysis, and revised systematics of the group. In: Gonorynchiformes and Ostariophysan Relationships. Grande T, Poyato-Ariza FJ, Diogo R, editors. Enfield, NH: Science Publishers; 2010. p. 227 - 338." type="book chapter" year="2010">
|
|
Poyato-Ariza
|
|
<emphasis id="B951EAD6101FFFA7FC44FB90C74BFBCB" box="[968,1029,1040,1064]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
, 2010
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
] and
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F3327654101FFFA7FB16FB91C7A5FBCB" box="[1178,1259,1040,1064]" name="Mexico" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
|
(†
|
|
<emphasis id="B951EAD6101FFFA7FA83FB91C6EAFBCB" box="[1295,1444,1040,1064]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Sapperichthys</emphasis>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB44B35101FFFA7FCA1FBB1C74DFBAA" author="Amaral" box="[813,1027,1072,1097]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Amaral" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="305 - 324" refId="ref16406" refString="Amaral CRL, Alvarado-Ortega J, Brito PM. Sapperichthys gen. nov., a new gonorynchid from the Cenomanian of Chiapas, Mexico. In: Arratia G, Schultze H-P, Wilson MVH, editors. Mesozoic Fishes 5 - Global Diversity and Evolution. Munchen: Verlag Dr. F. Pfeil; 2013. p. 305 - 324." type="book chapter" year="2013">
|
|
Amaral
|
|
<emphasis id="B951EAD6101FFFA7FC08FBB0C0F5FBAB" box="[900,955,1072,1096]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
, 2013
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
). Additionally, †
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C254D47101FFFA7FB39FBB1C6E5FBAB" baseAuthorityName="Agassiz" baseAuthorityYear="1835" box="[1205,1451,1072,1096]" class="Actinopterygii" genus="Chanoides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pattersonichthyiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macropoma">
|
|
<emphasis id="B951EAD6101FFFA7FB39FBB1C6E5FBAB" box="[1205,1451,1072,1096]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Chanoides macropoma</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
from the Middle Eocene of Monte Bolca,
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F3327654101FFFA7FB61FBD1C653FB8B" box="[1261,1309,1104,1128]" name="Italy" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Italy</collectingCountry>
|
|
and †
|
|
<emphasis id="B951EAD6101FFFA7FAECFBD1C096FB6B" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Nardonoides chardoni</emphasis>
|
|
from the Upper Cretaceous of Nardò have recently been confirmed as stem otophysans (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB44B35101FFFA7FA88FB11C03FFB2B" author="Mayrinck" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Mayrinck" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 24" refId="ref19790" refString="Mayrinck D, Brito PM, Otero O. Review of the osteology of the fossil fish formerly attributed to the genus Chanoides and implications for the definition of otophysan bony characters. J Syst Paleont. 2015 a; 13 (5): 1 - 24." type="journal article" year="2015" yearSuffix="a">
|
|
Mayrinck
|
|
<emphasis id="B951EAD6101FFFA7FAFDFB10C6EBFB4B" box="[1393,1445,1168,1192]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
, 2015a
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
). Restudy of †
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C254D47101FFFA7FB8AFB31C794FB2B" baseAuthorityName="Silva Santos" baseAuthorityYear="1958" box="[1030,1242,1200,1224]" class="Actinopterygii" genus="Santanichthys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="diasii">
|
|
<emphasis id="B951EAD6101FFFA7FB8AFB31C794FB2B" box="[1030,1242,1200,1224]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Santanichthys diasii</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
from the Early Cretaceous (Albian) of
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F3327654101FFFA7FB88FB51C709FB0B" box="[1028,1095,1232,1256]" name="Brazil" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
|
, which was previously described as the oldest characiform (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB44B35101FFFA7FBC2FB71C677FAEA" author="Filleul, Maisey" box="[1102,1337,1264,1289]" firstAuthor="Filleul" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 21" refId="ref18067" refString="Filleul A, Maisey J. 2004. Description of Santanichthys diasii (Otophysi, Characiformes) from the Albian of the Santana Formation and comments on its implications for otophysan relationships. Amer Mus Novitates. 2004; 3455: 1 - 21." type="journal article" year="2004">Filleul, Maisey, 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
|
), has been re-interpreted as a stem otophysan (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB44B35101FFFA7FB3EFA91C028FAAA" author="Malabarba, Malabarba" firstAuthor="Malabarba" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="317 - 336" refId="ref19652" refString="Malabarba MC, Malabarba LR. Biogeography of Characiformes: an evaluation of the available information of fossil and extant taxa. In: Origin and Phylogenetic Interrelationships of Teleosts. Nelson JS, Schultze H-P, Wilson MVH, editors. Munchen: Verlag Dr. F. Pfeil; 2010. p. 317 - 336." type="book chapter" year="2010">Malabarba, Malabarba, 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
|
). †
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C254D47101FFFA7FC0AFAB1C71FFAAB" box="[902,1105,1328,1352]" class="Actinopterygii" genus="Salminops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gonorynchiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ibericus">
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<emphasis id="B951EAD6101FFFA7FC0AFAB1C71FFAAB" box="[902,1105,1328,1352]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Salminops ibericus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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from the Cenomanian of
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<collectingCountry id="F3327654101FFFA7FAE5FAB0C003FA8B" name="Portugal" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Portugal</collectingCountry>
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previously described as one of the oldest characiforms (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB44B35101FFFA7FCB8FAF0C0F8FA6B" author="Gayet" box="[820,950,1392,1417]" firstAuthor="Gayet" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="91 - 118" refId="ref18430" refString="Gayet M. Contribution a l'etude anatomique et systematique de l'ichthyofaune Cenomanienne du Portugal. Comun Serv Geol Port. 1985; 71: 91 - 118." type="journal article" year="1985">Gayet, 1985</bibRefCitation>
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) is not an ostariophysan, but possibly a crossognathiform (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB44B35101FFFA7FC2EFA11C7D6FA4B" author="Mayrinck" box="[930,1176,1424,1448]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Mayrinck" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="66 - 75" refId="ref19742" refString="Mayrinck D, Brito PM, Otero O. Anatomical review of Salminops ibericus, a Teleostei incertae sedis from the Cenomanian of Portugal, anciently assigned to Characiformes and possibly related to crossognathiform fishes. Cretaceous Res. 2015 b; 56: 66 - 75." type="journal article" year="2015" yearSuffix="b">
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Mayrinck
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<emphasis id="B951EAD6101FFFA7FB9DFA10C708FA4B" box="[1041,1094,1424,1448]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">et al.</emphasis>
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, 2015b
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</bibRefCitation>
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), and †
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<taxonomicName id="4C254D47101FFFA7FB68FA11C02CFA2B" class="Actinopterygii" family="Sorbinicharacidae" genus="Sorbinicharax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="verraesi">
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<emphasis id="B951EAD6101FFFA7FB68FA11C02CFA2B" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Sorbinicharax verraesi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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from the Upper Cretaceous of Nardò,
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<collectingCountry id="F3327654101FFFA7FB73FA31C67EFA2B" box="[1279,1328,1456,1480]" name="Italy" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Italy</collectingCountry>
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, previously interpreted as another characiform, has been re-interpreted as Teleostei
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<emphasis id="B951EAD6101FFFA7FC1EFA70C76AF9EB" box="[914,1060,1520,1544]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">incertae sedis</emphasis>
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by
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB44B35101FFFA7FBC7FA71C673F9EA" author="Mayrinck" box="[1099,1341,1520,1545]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Mayrinck" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="0183879" refId="ref19839" refString="Mayrinck, D, Brito PM, Meunier FJ, Alvarado-Ortega J, Otero O. † Sorbinichthys verraesi: An unexpected case of a benthic fish outside Acanthomorpha in the Upper Cretaceous of the Tethyan Sea. PlosOne. 2017; 12 (8): e 0183879. Available from: https: // doi. org / 10.1371 / journal. pone. 0183879" type="journal article" year="2017">
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Mayrinck
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<emphasis id="B951EAD6101FFFA7FB34FA70C7A3F9EB" box="[1208,1261,1520,1544]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">et al.</emphasis>
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(2017)
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</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |