420 lines
47 KiB
XML
420 lines
47 KiB
XML
<document id="48119066280B2106F828EAF3C34A500C" ID-CLB-Dataset="266155" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.6533434" ID-GBIF-Dataset="0f129a32-9d98-4cbf-81fa-981c04fe43d5" ID-ISSN="1942-1354" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6533434" ID-ZooBank="AE18CA26-20E8-48D3-ABD0-22A0D9891065" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="admin" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="admin" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="admin" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="admin" checkinTime="1652124454819" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Brown, John W., Razowski, Józef, Aarvik, Leif, Timm, Alicia E. & Copeland, Robert S." docDate="2022" docId="038387ADFFB4DF25B3B17F01FED5FA0D" docLanguage="en" docName="InsectaMundi.2022.0927.1-27.pdf" docOrigin="Insecta Mundi 2022 (927)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:F9976E9B7F8A094D890004515A7A0592.3:InsectaMundi.2020-.journal_article" docStyleId="F9976E9B7F8A094D890004515A7A0592" docStyleName="InsectaMundi.2020-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Eucosmocydia trigonoptila Brown & Razowski & Aarvik & Timm & Copeland 2022, new combination" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="24" masterDocId="FFBAFFD5FFACDF3CB3717B54FFD2FFEB" masterDocTitle="New species and new combinations in Afrotropical Eucosmocydia Diakonoff, 1988 (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Olethreutinae)" masterLastPageNumber="27" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="23" updateTime="1699327336214" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-3.0">
|
||
<mods:mods id="C62339738088C99A88AF046C0FACFB24" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="018D8327E1A9455E67012CCAE4E7732A">
|
||
<mods:title id="AA211168BFEC3C22F9EF0AF4D57B63F7">New species and new combinations in Afrotropical Eucosmocydia Diakonoff, 1988 (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Olethreutinae)</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="C0F7C105F2687E30870FA26FAEA7434E" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="F91E5EAA51F6BCC5BFDEE39DBC3F4F6D">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="8A315C063B2B03ABAADE5CE1ED99F653">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="319C2DD1F2BFF1116FA186DA02390BA2">Brown, John W.</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation id="3590F6898C28640CC6D6733F49476215">Department of Entomology, National Museum of Natural History Washington, DC 20013 - 7012, USA</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="DAE602F75A8A3D7611C55B092AE334D6" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="E57866D82434DA0566CFA5E9A6DA4C46">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="68A9B950495A1FD032E38A453074F0F7">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="642789F6CECA54A56A005236D3378EEC">Razowski, Józef</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation id="6726A88DC5B575DDA326A74258E66261">Polish Academy of Sciences, Institute of Systematic Zoology Sławkowska 17, Krakow, Poland</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="BA96C2D8D9DC75A0E65E03C43D28A6A2" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="61102D11E7B794AB65B78E4A977F86CF">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="918BE2E25C630B21D4583055C88D7F7A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="3007F002C96A55F9910EAF41A3DBF783">Aarvik, Leif</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation id="2DC578C186BAC9FE63F5EB43038495A7">Natural History Museum, University of Oslo P. O. Box 1172, Blindern, NO- 0318 Oslo, Norway</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="A8BA8C2A755B808D21212DC52F853F9F" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="1851C292F5B44D6C1C5D9D8946A1BECA">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="D3AF6CA8EC76307EFC7C845FE304BDB3">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="C404C067417BA11E26BE0F5D892430FE">Timm, Alicia E.</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation id="23AA027D9C2A246FAD4197CD0B7D4581">Department of Agricultural Biology, Colorado State University Fort Collins, CO 80521 - 1177, USA</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="C11324114137DAE1659C5062F2379C95" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="5AC1ADE6DDCB14C38F00675321CAF6F0">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="4FD91B52BC6E88A239834B6A70296D84">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="0F07F88F583B79C0727EC732941DFF3A">Copeland, Robert S.</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation id="63B5314C8335F7F3141712CFDEB7898C">International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology P. O. Box 30772, Nairobi, Kenya</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="FFE5FD935CD665ABF85CD2257B283949">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="6716C459261A9BFA3A94325E854F2011" type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="AD171C5E98A557D223A2FEF723C6E24A">
|
||
<mods:title id="51A6CD2AC6D716DB58A493D8F65D60A5">Insecta Mundi</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="E044534FB2D02D90E52B072E9626D76F">
|
||
<mods:date id="E198F43CBACCAB8FC4A7C304989C2D48">2022</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail id="1A46DF41B157963FA0FC0BC9837F11F1" type="pubDate">
|
||
<mods:number id="092132A7F8361D3B96509E5763691D5F">2022-04-29</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="150DFCDD3D10AF28EE7BA51043445637" type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number id="E1097B3A872F40EBF0B9C1329718665A">2022</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="CB28E8C11DE6AC581486CA7CC8DF4B3C" type="issue">
|
||
<mods:number id="B17028EF6F70C6D020C334B17A547F12">927</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent id="B5F67B80885DB3760278BFAFBAEE6F26" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="E1A42FB0DBD8FFE570F2340D657A92D7">1</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="3376FE6F155E4D8AC705738315049E0D">27</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:classification id="E02E4C766CB7A516D39D1194A5011936">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="44BF16507D4014B0C607FE2BFCEF1FFE" type="CLB-Dataset">266155</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="53F5B1B2F1DBE4CBC4878937FBDC2771" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.6533434</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="1617E0C26F1982CD2E272B6BB4827328" type="GBIF-Dataset">0f129a32-9d98-4cbf-81fa-981c04fe43d5</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="278BED1505653BF502DD0DABCEED50AC" type="ISSN">1942-1354</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="01B4A1971D5506296F6C3DDDD0E24745" type="Zenodo-Dep">6533434</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="3F9D03A3405EDF890499DD15426D29CB" type="ZooBank">AE18CA26-20E8-48D3-ABD0-22A0D9891065</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="038387ADFFB4DF25B3B17F01FED5FA0D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8329681" ID-GBIF-Taxon="212971221" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8329681" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038387ADFFB4DF25B3B17F01FED5FA0D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038387ADFFB4DF25B3B17F01FED5FA0D" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3306530FFB4DF24B3B17F01FC04FB99" box="[192,982,1109,1138]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9536BBFFB4DF24B3B17F01FC04FB99" blockId="24.[192,982,1109,1138]" box="[192,982,1109,1138]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<heading id="D0DD81D7FFB4DF24B3B17F01FC04FB99" box="[192,982,1109,1138]" fontSize="12" level="2" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" reason="2">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAA9FFB4DF24B3B17F01FC04FB99" bold="true" box="[192,982,1109,1138]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D38FFB4DF24B3B17F01FD3BFB99" authority="(Meyrick, 1921)" authorityName="Brown & Razowski & Aarvik & Timm & Copeland" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Meyrick" baseAuthorityYear="1921" box="[192,745,1109,1138]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Eucosmocydia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trigonoptila" status="comb. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAA9FFB4DF24B3B17F01FDC1FB99" bold="true" box="[192,531,1109,1138]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">Eucosmocydia trigonoptila</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBB4B4AFFB4DF24B1527F01FD0DFB99" author="Meyrick" box="[547,735,1109,1138]" firstAuthor="Meyrick" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" pagination="49 - 148" refId="ref18287" refString="Meyrick E. 1921. Descriptions of South African Lepidoptera. Annals of the Transvaal Museum 8: 49 - 148." type="journal article" year="1921">Meyrick, 1921</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26D57D2FFB4DF24B1877F01FC04FB99" box="[758,982,1109,1138]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" rank="species">new combination</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3306530FFB4DF24B3917FD4FCC3FB5C" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9536BBFFB4DF24B3917FD4FAD8FB73" blockId="24.[224,1290,1152,1207]" box="[224,1290,1152,1176]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB3A1195FFB4DF24B3917FD4FAD8FB73" box="[224,1290,1152,1176]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A8B10AAFFB4DF24B3917FD4FD5EFB73" author="Meyrick E." box="[224,652,1152,1176]" page="63" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" year="1921">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D38FFB4DF24B3917FD4FD5EFB73" authority="Meyrick, 1921: 63" authorityName="Meyrick" authorityPageNumber="63" authorityYear="1921" box="[224,652,1152,1176]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Laspeyresia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trigonoptila">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAA9FFB4DF24B3917FD4FE1DFB73" box="[224,463,1152,1176]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">Laspeyresia trigonoptila</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBB4B4AFFB4DF24B2A57FD4FD5EFB73" author="Meyrick" box="[468,652,1152,1176]" firstAuthor="Meyrick" page="63" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" pagination="49 - 148" refId="ref18287" refString="Meyrick E. 1921. Descriptions of South African Lepidoptera. Annals of the Transvaal Museum 8: 49 - 148." type="journal article" year="1921">Meyrick, 1921: 63</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A8B10AAFFB4DF24B1E77FD4FC09FB73" author="Razowski J & Kruger M." box="[662,987,1152,1176]" page="136" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" year="2007">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBB4B4AFFB4DF24B1E77FD4FC09FB73" author="Razowski and Kruger" box="[662,987,1152,1176]" firstAuthor="Razowski" page="136" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" pagination="103 - 179" refId="ref18553" refString="Razowski J, Kruger M. 2007. An illustrated catalogue of the type specimens of Tortricidae in the Transvaal Museum, Pretoria (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). SHILAP Revista de Lepidopterologia 35: 103 - 179." type="journal article" year="2007">Razowski and Krüger 2007: 136</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, fig. 149;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A8B10AAFFB4DF24B74A7FD4FAD4FB73" author="Razowski J." box="[1083,1286,1152,1176]" page="171" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" year="2013">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBB4B4AFFB4DF24B74A7FD4FAD4FB73" author="Razowski" box="[1083,1286,1152,1176]" firstAuthor="Razowski" page="171" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" pagination="159 - 174" refId="ref18449" refString="Razowski J. 2013. Accessions to the Afrotropical fauna of Tortricidae (Lepidoptera), 2. Polskie Pismo Entomologiczne 82: 159 - 174." type="journal article" year="2013">Razowski 2013: 171</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9536BBFFB4DF24B3917FCAFCC3FB5C" blockId="24.[224,1290,1152,1207]" box="[224,785,1182,1207]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">
|
||
[Enarmoniini unplaced]
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D38FFB4DF24B2AF7FCAFCDCFB5C" authority=": Brown 2005: 274" authorityName=": Brown" authorityPageNumber="274" authorityYear="2005" box="[478,782,1182,1207]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Laspeyresia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trigonoptila">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAA9FFB4DF24B2AF7FCAFD81FB5D" box="[478,595,1182,1206]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">trigonoptila</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBB4B4AFFB4DF24B12E7FCBFCDCFB5C" author="Brown" box="[607,782,1182,1207]" firstAuthor="Brown" page="274" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" refId="ref17229" refString="Brown JW. 2005. World catalogue of insects. Volume 5: Tortricidae (Lepidoptera). Apollo Books; Stenstrup, Denmark. 741 p." type="book" year="2005">Brown 2005: 274</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3306530FFB4DF24B3B17F92FE45FA83" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9536BBFFB4DF24B3B17F92FE45FA83" blockId="24.[192,1453,1222,1384]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAA9FFB4DF24B3B17F92FEEFFB0B" bold="true" box="[192,317,1222,1248]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
In facies,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D38FFB4DF24B2DC7F93FD99FB0A" authorityName=": Brown" authorityYear="2005" box="[429,587,1223,1249]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Laspeyresia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trigonoptila">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAA9FFB4DF24B2DC7F93FE6FFB0B" box="[429,445,1223,1248]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">E</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAA9FFB4DF24B2B87F93FD99FB0A" box="[457,587,1223,1249]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">trigonoptila</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is similar to several congeners (see Razowski and Kr
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAA9FFB4DF24B7E87F93FB7BFB0A" bold="true" box="[1177,1193,1223,1249]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">ü</emphasis>
|
||
ger 2007: 136, fig. 149), but perhaps most similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D38FFB4DF24B1707FBDFD76FAE8" box="[513,676,1257,1283]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Eucosmocydia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mixographa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAA9FFB4DF24B1707FBDFD76FAE8" box="[513,676,1257,1283]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">E. mixographa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D38FFB4DF24B1AC7FBDFCB8FAE8" authorityName="Razowski" authorityYear="2013" box="[733,874,1257,1283]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Grapholita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hymenosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAA9FFB4DF24B1AC7FBDFCB8FAE8" box="[733,874,1257,1283]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">E. hymenosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, with the forewing rather paler and poorly marked in the basal half and darker with a complex pattern in the distal half. Although the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54918819FFB4DF24B7147E5FFB44FACE" box="[1125,1174,1291,1317]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">type</typeStatus>
|
||
is missing the abdomen, the comparatively dark hindwing with blackish scales arranged in longitudinal rows separate this species from its closest relatives.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3306530FFB4DF24B3B17E2CFC1AF8BF" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9536BBFFB4DF24B3B17E2CFBC2F8E3" blockId="24.[191,1454,1400,1834]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAA9FFB4DF24B3B17E2CFEBFFA79" bold="true" box="[192,365,1400,1426]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">Redescription.</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAA9FFB4DF24B2037E2CFE23FA79" box="[370,497,1400,1426]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">Male. Head</emphasis>
|
||
. Vertex and labial palpi pale orange-yellow.
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAA9FFB4DF24B0A97E2CFBF5FA79" box="[984,1063,1400,1426]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">Thorax</emphasis>
|
||
. Nota concolorous with head. Posterior tibia with large, triangular, expanded tuft of pale gray-ocherous scales extending nearly to end of segment. Forewing length approximately 7.0 mm (n = 1); forewing costa gently arched throughout, termen with weak concavity immediately below apex, remainder convex; upperside ground color orange-fuscous irrorated with pale ocherous scales, costal strigulae gray, brown, and cream; four oblique leaden-gray striae from costa between pairs of strigulae, one extending to termen beneath apex; median and pretornal fasciae ill-defined, comprised of dark indigo suffusion extending from near hind margin approximately 0.66 across wing, basal fascia edged anteriorly by a slightly curved dark fuscous line, with some fulvous-ocherous dots; a patch of fulvous-ocherous mottling connecting patches in discal cell, a narrow stripe extending to speculum, latter consisting of a leaden mark, a narrow cream crescent, and three black dots. Fringe violet-gray Hindwing with blackish scales arranged in longitudinal rows, narrowly separated by grayish white. Fringe grayish white, with dark brown basal line.
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAA9FFB4DF24B64A7D98FA74F90D" box="[1339,1446,1740,1766]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">Abdomen</emphasis>
|
||
. Black, with pale gray anal tuft [abdomen lost; details from
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBB4B4AFFB4DF24B0237DBAFBD7F8E3" author="Meyrick" box="[850,1029,1773,1800]" firstAuthor="Meyrick" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" pagination="49 - 148" refId="ref18287" refString="Meyrick E. 1921. Descriptions of South African Lepidoptera. Annals of the Transvaal Museum 8: 49 - 148." type="journal article" year="1921">Meyrick (1921)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
].
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9536BBFFB4DF24B2717C44FE09F8C1" blockId="24.[191,1454,1400,1834]" box="[256,475,1808,1834]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAA9FFB4DF24B2717C44FE8EF8C1" bold="true" box="[256,348,1808,1834]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">Female.</emphasis>
|
||
Unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9536BBFFB4DF24B3B17C6DFC1AF8BF" blockId="24.[192,968,1849,1876]" box="[192,968,1849,1876]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAA9FFB4DF24B3B17C6DFEA6F8BF" bold="true" box="[192,372,1849,1876]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">DNA barcodes.</emphasis>
|
||
There are no sequence data available for this species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3306530FFB5DF25B3B17B82FEC4FEFA" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9536BBFFB5DF25B3B17B82FEC4FEFA" blockId="25.[191,1440,213,273]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAA9FFB5DF25B3B17B82FED2FF1B" bold="true" box="[192,256,214,240]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">Type.</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B423CE6FFB5DF25B2777B82FEC4FEFA" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4406082304" collectingDate="1918-09" collectionCode="DMP" collectorName="C. J. Swierstra & Meyr." country="Mozambique" location="Magude" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54918819FFB5DF25B2777B82FEBCFF1B" box="[262,366,214,240]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2CFD32FFB5DF25B2027B8DFE5AFF04" box="[371,392,217,239]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33D762BFFB5DF25B2E57B82FD40FF1B" box="[404,658,214,240]" name="Mozambique" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">Portuguese East Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
[
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33D762BFFB5DF25B1EF7B81FCE8FF1B" box="[670,826,213,240]" name="Mozambique" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">Mozambique</collectingCountry>
|
||
],
|
||
<location id="8EF56060FFB5DF25B03B7B82FC75FF1B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038387ADFFB4DF25B3B17F01FED5FA0D:8EF56060FFB5DF25B03B7B82FC75FF1B" box="[842,935,214,240]" country="Mozambique" name="Magude" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">Magude</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF94107BFFB5DF25B0C07B82FBC4FF1B" box="[945,1046,214,240]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" value="1918-09">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFD0E993FFB5DF25B0C07B82FBC4FF1B" box="[945,1046,214,240]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" value="1918-09">Sep 1918</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26DF536DFFB5DF25B7517B82FB6FFF1B" box="[1056,1213,214,240]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">C. J. Swierstra</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26DF536DFFB5DF25B7B77B82FAD5FF1B" box="[1222,1287,214,240]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">Meyr.</collectorName>
|
||
type no. 2606 (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED3BAE7EFFB5DF25B3B67BA3FED8FEFA" box="[199,266,247,273]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">DMP</collectionCode>
|
||
).
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3306530FFB5DF25B3B17A75FDA4FB67" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9536BBFFB5DF25B3B17A75FB9CFEB7" blockId="25.[191,1440,289,349]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAA9FFB5DF25B3B17A75FE35FED0" bold="true" box="[192,487,289,315]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">Distribution and biology.</emphasis>
|
||
This species is known only from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33D762BFFB5DF25B0227A75FC3BFED0" box="[851,1001,289,315]" name="Mozambique" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">Mozambique</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Nothing is known of its life history, but based on related species, it is likely that the larvae feed in the fruit of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D38FFB5DF25B0CF7A16FB98FEB7" box="[958,1098,322,348]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sapindaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Sapindaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9536BBFFB5DF25B3B17AD1FE05FE49" blockId="25.[192,471,389,418]" box="[192,471,389,418]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<heading id="D0DD81D7FFB5DF25B3B17AD1FE05FE49" box="[192,471,389,418]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAA9FFB5DF25B3B17AD1FE05FE49" bold="true" box="[192,471,389,418]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">Summary of Host Use</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9536BBFFB5DF25B3B17AE5FC45FC49" blockId="25.[192,1442,433,1165]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">
|
||
Larval hosts are known for seven of the 13 species of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D38FFB5DF25B0487AE5FC5EFE20" authorityName="Diakonoff" authorityYear="1988" box="[825,908,433,459]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Eucosmocydia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oedipus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAA9FFB5DF25B0487AE5FC5EFE20" box="[825,908,433,459]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">oedipus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species group of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D38FFB5DF25B73C7AE5FB3BFE20" authorityName="Diakonoff" authorityYear="1988" box="[1101,1257,433,459]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Eucosmocydia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAA9FFB5DF25B73C7AE5FB3BFE20" box="[1101,1257,433,459]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">Eucosmocydia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Six were reared only from the fruits of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D38FFB5DF25B2B77A86FD9DFE07" box="[454,591,466,492]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sapindaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Sapindaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33D762BFFB5DF25B1077A87FD6CFE06" box="[630,702,467,493]" name="Kenya" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">Kenya</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and on numerous occasions (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBB4B4AFFB5DF25B7677A87FB31FE06" author="Brown" box="[1046,1251,466,493]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Brown" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" pagination="343 - 376" refId="ref17257" refString="Brown JW, Copeland RS, Aarvik L, Luke Q, Miller SE, Rosati M. 2014. New host records for fruit-feeding Afrotropical Tortricidae (Lepidoptera). African Entomology 22: 343 - 376." type="journal article" year="2014">Brown et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), suggesting that members of the genus are specialists on the fruit of this plant family. However, one species not recorded from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33D762BFFB5DF25B3B37942FEDAFDDB" box="[194,264,534,560]" name="Kenya" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">Kenya</collectingCountry>
|
||
(i.e.,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D38FFB5DF25B23B7943FE3FFDDB" box="[330,493,534,560]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Eucosmocydia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mixographa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAA9FFB5DF25B23B7943FE88FDDB" box="[330,346,535,560]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">E</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAA9FFB5DF25B2187942FE3FFDDB" box="[361,493,534,560]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">mixographa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) was reported to feed on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D38FFB5DF25B06E7942FC56FDDB" box="[799,900,534,560]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D38FFB5DF25B0B37942FBB5FDDB" box="[962,1127,534,560]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Euphorbiaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33D762BFFB5DF25B7E37942FEAAFDBA" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">the Democratic Republic of the Congo</collectingCountry>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBB4B4AFFB5DF25B2D27963FDA5FDBA" author="Ghesquiere" box="[419,631,567,593]" firstAuthor="Ghesquiere" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" pagination="1 - 120" refId="ref17900" refString="Ghesquiere J. 1940. Catalogues raisonnes de la faune entomologique du Congo Belge. Lepidopteres, Microlepidopteres (premiere partie). Annales du Musee du Congo Belge, Zoologie, Serie III (II) 7 (1): 1 - 120 + plates I - V." type="journal article" year="1940">Ghesquière (1940)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Although it is possible that
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBB4B4AFFB5DF25B0CF7963FB49FDBA" author="Ghesquiere's" box="[958,1179,567,593]" firstAuthor="Ghesquiere's" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" pagination="1 - 120" refId="ref17900" refString="Ghesquiere J. 1940. Catalogues raisonnes de la faune entomologique du Congo Belge. Lepidopteres, Microlepidopteres (premiere partie). Annales du Musee du Congo Belge, Zoologie, Serie III (II) 7 (1): 1 - 120 + plates I - V." type="journal article" year="1940">Ghesquière’s (1940)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
records are erroneous, he was the collector of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54918819FFB5DF25B286790DFD8FFD98" box="[503,605,601,627]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
and
|
||
<typeStatus id="54918819FFB5DF25B1E9790DFCFDFD98" box="[664,815,601,627]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" type="paralectotype">paralectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D38FFB5DF25B027790DFC29FD98" box="[854,1019,601,627]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Eucosmocydia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mixographa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAA9FFB5DF25B027790DFC29FD98" box="[854,1019,601,627]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">G. mixographa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, so we assume that these records are indeed correct. Although only distantly related,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D38FFB5DF25B196792EFCA2FD7F" box="[743,880,634,660]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sapindaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Sapindaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D38FFB5DF25B0DC792EFB80FD7F" box="[941,1106,634,660]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Euphorbiaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
are noted for the production of latex (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBB4B4AFFB5DF25B25779C8FD80FD5D" author="Agrawal and Konno" box="[294,594,668,695]" firstAuthor="Agrawal" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" pagination="311 - 331" refId="ref17188" refString="Agrawal AA, Konno K. 2009. Latex: a model for understanding mechanisms, ecology, and evolution of plant defense against herbivory. Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics 40: 311 - 331." type="journal article" year="2009">Agrawal and Konno 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBB4B4AFFB5DF25B12E79C8FCFBFD5C" author="Chase" box="[607,809,668,695]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Chase" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" pagination="1 - 20" refId="ref17335" refString="Chase MW, Christenhusz MJM, Fay MF, Byng JW, Judd WS, Soltis DE, Mabberley DJ, Sennikov AN, Soltis PS, Stevens PF. 2016. An update of the angiosperm phylogeny group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG IV. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 181: 1 - 20." type="journal article" year="2016">Chase et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), a feature that typically discourages herbivory. Hence, although there appears to be a definite preference for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D38FFB5DF25B06879EAFC77FD33" box="[793,933,702,728]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sapindaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Sapindaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D38FFB5DF25B0AB79EAFBFFFD33" authorityName="Diakonoff" authorityYear="1988" box="[986,1069,702,728]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Eucosmocydia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oedipus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAA9FFB5DF25B0AB79EAFBFFFD33" box="[986,1069,702,728]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">oedipus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species group is not restricted to this plant family. Similar variation in host use is found in a species group of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D38FFB5DF25B760798BFB55FD12" box="[1041,1159,735,761]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Grapholita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAA9FFB5DF25B760798BFB55FD12" box="[1041,1159,735,761]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">Grapholita</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
that includes
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D38FFB5DF25B65579B4FEBBFCF0" authority="Razowski" authorityName="Razowski" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Grapholita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chytranthusi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAA9FFB5DF25B65579B4FF24FCF0" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">G. chytranthusi</emphasis>
|
||
Razowski
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D38FFB5DF25B2037855FDA1FCF7" authority="(Meyrick)" baseAuthorityName="Meyrick" box="[370,627,769,796]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Grapholita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="taocosma">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAA9FFB5DF25B2037855FE2BFCF0" box="[370,505,769,795]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">G. taocosma</emphasis>
|
||
(Meyrick)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and two apparently undescribed species from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33D762BFFB5DF25B70A7855FB13FCF0" box="[1147,1217,769,795]" name="Kenya" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">Kenya</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Grapholitini sp. 24 and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D38FFB5DF25B39E7876FEB7FCD7" box="[239,357,802,828]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Grapholita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAA9FFB5DF25B39E7876FEB7FCD7" box="[239,357,802,828]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">Grapholita</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
nr.
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAA9FFB5DF25B2FC7877FE29FCD7" box="[397,507,803,828]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">mesosocia</emphasis>
|
||
[in part], sensu
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBB4B4AFFB5DF25B1DF7877FCA2FCD6" author="Brown" box="[686,880,802,829]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Brown" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" pagination="343 - 376" refId="ref17257" refString="Brown JW, Copeland RS, Aarvik L, Luke Q, Miller SE, Rosati M. 2014. New host records for fruit-feeding Afrotropical Tortricidae (Lepidoptera). African Entomology 22: 343 - 376." type="journal article" year="2014">Brown et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), which together feed on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D38FFB5DF25B7F27876FE7DFCB4" authority="Radlk." authorityName="Radlk." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sapindaceae" genus="Chytranthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="obliquinervis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAA9FFB5DF25B7F27876FA4DFCD7" box="[1155,1439,802,828]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">Chytranthus obliquinervis</emphasis>
|
||
Radlk. (Sapindaceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBB4B4AFFB5DF25B2B07810FCCEFCB5" author="Copeland and Razowski" box="[449,796,836,862]" firstAuthor="Copeland" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" pagination="382 - 393" refId="ref17516" refString="Copeland RS, Razowski J. 2019. Frugivorous insects reared from Chytranthus obliquinervis Radlk. (Sapindales: Sapindaceae) with the description of a new monophagous species of Grapholita Treitschke (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 121: 382 - 393." type="journal article" year="2019">Copeland and Razowski 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D38FFB5DF25B0437810FA72FCB4" authority="Poir." authorityName="Poir." box="[818,1440,836,863]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Dichapetalaceae" genus="Dichapetalum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="madagascariense">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAA9FFB5DF25B0437810FB42FCB5" box="[818,1168,836,862]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">Dichapetalum madagascariense</emphasis>
|
||
Poir. (Dichapatelaceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBB4B4AFFB5DF25B3B97832FE5DFC6B" author="Brown" box="[200,399,870,896]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Brown" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" pagination="343 - 376" refId="ref17257" refString="Brown JW, Copeland RS, Aarvik L, Luke Q, Miller SE, Rosati M. 2014. New host records for fruit-feeding Afrotropical Tortricidae (Lepidoptera). African Entomology 22: 343 - 376." type="journal article" year="2014">Brown et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D38FFB5DF25B2D07832FCE3FC6A" authority="F. Hoffm." authorityName="F. Hoffm." box="[417,817,870,897]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ochnaceae" genus="Ochna" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ovata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAA9FFB5DF25B2D07832FDFEFC6B" box="[417,556,870,896]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">Ochna ovata</emphasis>
|
||
F. Hoffm. (Ochnaceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBB4B4AFFB5DF25B04F7832FBD4FC6B" author="Brown" box="[830,1030,870,896]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Brown" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" pagination="343 - 376" refId="ref17257" refString="Brown JW, Copeland RS, Aarvik L, Luke Q, Miller SE, Rosati M. 2014. New host records for fruit-feeding Afrotropical Tortricidae (Lepidoptera). African Entomology 22: 343 - 376." type="journal article" year="2014">Brown et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D38FFB5DF25B7387832FA73FC6B" authority="(Meisn.) Walp." authorityName="Walp." baseAuthorityName="Meisn." box="[1097,1441,870,897]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ochnaceae" genus="Ochna" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="natalitia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAA9FFB5DF25B7387832FB27FC6B" box="[1097,1269,870,896]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">Ochna natalitia</emphasis>
|
||
(Meisn.) Walp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Hermann Staude foodplant database, personal communication).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9536BBFFB5DF25B27178FDFDA4FB67" blockId="25.[192,1442,433,1165]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">
|
||
One or more species in many genera of Grapholitini are recorded from the fruit of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D38FFB5DF25B7C678FDFA91FC28" box="[1207,1347,937,963]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sapindaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Sapindaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, including
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D38FFB5DF25B398789EFE3DFC0F" authority="Obraztsov" authorityName="Obraztsov" authorityYear="1968" box="[233,495,970,996]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Andrioplecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAA9FFB5DF25B398789EFEA4FC0F" box="[233,374,970,996]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">Andrioplecta</emphasis>
|
||
Obraztsov
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D38FFB5DF25B289789EFCF5FC0F" authority="Walsingham" authorityName="Walsingham" box="[504,807,970,996]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Cryptophlebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAA9FFB5DF25B289789EFD41FC0F" box="[504,659,970,996]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">Cryptophlebia</emphasis>
|
||
Walsingham
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D38FFB5DF25B05E789EFBF0FC0F" authority="Treitschke" authorityName="Treitschke" box="[815,1058,970,996]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Grapholita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAA9FFB5DF25B05E789EFC77FC0F" box="[815,933,970,996]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">Grapholita</emphasis>
|
||
Treitschke
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D38FFB5DF25B75B789EFAF5FC0E" authority="Dyar" authorityName="Dyar" authorityYear="1904" box="[1066,1319,970,997]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Gymnandrosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAA9FFB5DF25B75B789EFB3AFC0F" box="[1066,1256,970,996]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">Gymnandrosoma</emphasis>
|
||
Dyar
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D38FFB5DF25B641789EFE58FBED" authority="Komai and Horak" authorityName="Komai and Horak" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Notocydia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAA9FFB5DF25B641789EFA4DFC0F" box="[1328,1439,970,996]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">Notocydia</emphasis>
|
||
Komai and Horak
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D38FFB5DF25B2E578B9FD7EFBED" authority="Obraztsov" authorityName="Obraztsov" authorityYear="1960" box="[404,684,1004,1030]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Parapammene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAA9FFB5DF25B2E578B9FDE1FBED" box="[404,563,1005,1030]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">Parapammene</emphasis>
|
||
Obraztsov
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D38FFB5DF25B19778B8FB9FFBEC" authority="Zacher. However" authorityName="Zacher. However" authorityYear="1915" box="[742,1101,1004,1031]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Thaumatotibia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAA9FFB5DF25B19778B8FC5BFBED" box="[742,905,1004,1030]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">Thaumatotibia</emphasis>
|
||
Zacher. However
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, none of these genera contains a preponderance of Sapindaceae-feeders. In many of the species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D38FFB5DF25B0E77F5AFBCDFBC3" box="[918,1055,1038,1064]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sapindaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Sapindaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
is only one of many plant families used as larval hosts. For example,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D38FFB5DF25B14F7F7BFC81FBA2" baseAuthorityName="Meyrick" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[574,851,1071,1097]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Thaumatotibia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leucotreta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAA9FFB5DF25B14F7F7BFC81FBA2" box="[574,851,1071,1097]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">Thaumatotibia leucotreta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has been recorded from 70 different plant species in 37 plant families, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D38FFB5DF25B2C87F05FC9EFB80" authority="(Butler, 1882)" baseAuthorityName="Butler" baseAuthorityYear="1882" box="[441,844,1105,1131]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Cryptophlebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="illepida">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAA9FFB5DF25B2C87F05FD7EFB80" box="[441,684,1105,1131]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">Cryptophlebia illepida</emphasis>
|
||
(Butler, 1882)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is primarily a
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D38FFB5DF25B09E7F05FB86FB80" box="[1007,1108,1105,1131]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
feeding species that has been recorded several times on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D38FFB5DF25B2947F26FDA3FB67" box="[485,625,1138,1164]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sapindaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Sapindaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3306530FFB5DF25B16A7FE1FED5FA0D" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9536BBFFB5DF25B16A7FE1FB97FB39" blockId="25.[539,1093,1205,1234]" box="[539,1093,1205,1234]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<heading id="D0DD81D7FFB5DF25B16A7FE1FB97FB39" box="[539,1093,1205,1234]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAA9FFB5DF25B16A7FE1FB97FB39" bold="true" box="[539,1093,1205,1234]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">
|
||
Comments on the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D38FFB5DF25B0777FE1FC55FB3A" authorityName="Razowski and Wojtusiak" authorityYear="2014" box="[774,903,1205,1233]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Eucosmocydia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="terreirana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAA9FFB5DF25B0777FE1FC55FB3A" bold="true" box="[774,903,1205,1233]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">terreirana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Species Group
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9536BBFFB5DF25B3B17FB5FDE4FAF7" blockId="25.[191,1442,1249,1510]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">
|
||
Although we did not extensively review the species of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D38FFB5DF25B0387FB6FC65FB10" authorityName="Razowski and Wojtusiak" authorityYear="2014" box="[841,951,1250,1275]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Eucosmocydia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="terreirana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAA9FFB5DF25B0387FB6FC65FB10" box="[841,951,1250,1275]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">terreirana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species group, we provide a few comments, including two new combinations.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9536BBFFB5DF25B2717E70FED5FA0D" blockId="25.[191,1442,1249,1510]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">
|
||
Based on the ML analysis (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13112A3EFFB5DF25B15D7E70FDABFAD5" box="[556,633,1316,1342]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="7.[194,270,1589,1615]" captionTargetBox="[202,1437,222,1542]" captionTargetId="figure-83@7.[194,1441,213,1559]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 1. Molecular phylogenies of Eucosmocydia based on COI barcode sequences for 10 species of Eucosmocydia and the outgroups Grapholita chytranthusi, Namasia monitrix, Neonamasia cryptica, Thaumatovalva limbata, Thaumatovalva spinai, and Thaumatotibia leucotreta. BOLD process numbers are given next to species names. a) Maximum likelihood tree; node labels represent boot-strap support values. b) Bayesian consensus tree as derived using MrBayes; node labels represent posterior probabilities." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6533436" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6533436/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">Fig. 1a</figureCitation>
|
||
), the two sequenced species of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D38FFB5DF25B7727E71FBA3FAD5" authorityName="Razowski and Wojtusiak" authorityYear="2014" box="[1027,1137,1317,1342]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Eucosmocydia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="terreirana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAA9FFB5DF25B7727E71FBA3FAD5" box="[1027,1137,1317,1342]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">terreirana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species group (i.e.,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D38FFB5DF25B63C7E71FF3EFA8B" authorityName="Brown & Razowski & Aarvik & Timm & Copeland" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Brown & Razowski & Aarvik & Timm & Copeland" baseAuthorityYear="1913" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Eucosmocydia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="salticola">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAA9FFB5DF25B63C7E71FF3EFA8B" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">E. salticola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D38FFB5DF25B2567E13FE63FA8B" authorityName="Razowski and Wojtusiak" authorityYear="2014" box="[295,433,1351,1376]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Eucosmocydia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="terreirana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAA9FFB5DF25B2567E13FE63FA8B" box="[295,433,1351,1376]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">E. terreirana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) form a monophyletic lineage that is not sister to the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D38FFB5DF25B7687E12FBBEFA8B" authorityName="Diakonoff" authorityYear="1988" box="[1049,1132,1350,1376]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Eucosmocydia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oedipus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAA9FFB5DF25B7687E12FBBEFA8B" box="[1049,1132,1350,1376]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">oedipus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species group. However, as previously mentioned, single-gene trees are not always compelling indicators of phylogenetic relationship. Hence, we continue to treat the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D38FFB5DF25B2A07EDEFDEDFA48" authorityName="Razowski and Wojtusiak" authorityYear="2014" box="[465,575,1418,1443]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Eucosmocydia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="terreirana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAA9FFB5DF25B2A07EDEFDEDFA48" box="[465,575,1418,1443]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">terreirana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species group as part of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D38FFB5DF25B0227EDDFC3CFA48" authorityName="Diakonoff" authorityYear="1988" box="[851,1006,1417,1443]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Eucosmocydia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAA9FFB5DF25B0227EDDFC3CFA48" box="[851,1006,1417,1443]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">Eucosmocydia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Within this group, we discovered two species formerly assigned elsewhere that almost certainly belong in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D38FFB5DF25B0DF7EFEFB98FA2F" authorityName="Diakonoff" authorityYear="1988" box="[942,1098,1450,1476]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Eucosmocydia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95EEAA9FFB5DF25B0DF7EFEFB98FA2F" box="[942,1098,1450,1476]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">Eucosmocydia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and these are briefly discussed below.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |