281 lines
34 KiB
XML
281 lines
34 KiB
XML
<document id="55655B873E62E30E7D5CA5EA37740C13" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.5175660" ID-ISSN="1942-1354" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5175660" ID-ZooBank="7A36CC95-71CD-42F0-A746-F1AC883A9E08" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1628341629607" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="F, Guillermo González, Bermúdez, Rodrigo López & Kondo, Takumasa" docDate="2012" docId="038287F3FFD6FFA0FF24FA75AA07F98C" docLanguage="en" docName="InsectaMundi.0268.1-6.pdf" docOrigin="Insecta Mundi 2012 (268)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:6D85C66E4B52897F25DA165649BC06DC.3:InsectaMundi.2009-2020.journal_article" docStyleId="6D85C66E4B52897F25DA165649BC06DC" docStyleName="InsectaMundi.2009-2020.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Diomus seminulus" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="4" masterDocId="FFBBFF8BFFD2FFA5FFE4FFB3AE38FFD6" masterDocTitle="First report of Delphastus quinculus Gordon and Diomus seminulus (Mulsant) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) feeding on eggs and first-instar nymphs of Crypticerya multicicatrices Kondo and Unruh (Hemiptera: Monophlebidae)" masterLastPageNumber="6" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="3" updateTime="1699045661740" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-3.0">
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<mods:title id="1DBF8B8D078BDC21BE17E386EDD0FB81">First report of Delphastus quinculus Gordon and Diomus seminulus (Mulsant) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) feeding on eggs and first-instar nymphs of Crypticerya multicicatrices Kondo and Unruh (Hemiptera: Monophlebidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="3E05E7D35DC22A27F87ED931B5821C3E" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="0458DA94BDA2C91DDAECB9F606CA30D3">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="BB4C1F955A9D3409D0E243B32D38C275">F, Guillermo González</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="D2FF5DDB946E1A621FD5CB9A27889C4A">Bermúdez, Rodrigo López</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="BDAB00B68934176A8EF01069405CE600" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="720C5069106B455D27AF57FB5367AC4B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="335B2CB07BF3C9AE6E44D65D205D12F5">Kondo, Takumasa</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="23AA5B2CBC1545530763920281FA8495">Insecta Mundi</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="02ABCA6A12D5E42D4BFA1531D1A39F57">
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<mods:date id="0EEEE8E317A78D18B927ABEBC684CBFD">2012</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="5F8BB6F3734BDA2EA8786F548C7ADB24">2012-12-07</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="EBA8A3835A7FB26CBAA0B7DAB53B5B90">2012</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="9F792AF698345023C8012AC22A110528">268</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="FBB8DAE1E78FD641EB5681CBDE638C56" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.5175660</mods:identifier>
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<subSubSection id="C331656EFFD6FFA1FF24FA75AC89FA08" box="[192,689,1478,1502]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B9436E5FFD6FFA1FF24FA75AC89FA08" blockId="4.[192,801,1478,1599]" box="[192,689,1478,1502]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">
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<heading id="D0DC8189FFD6FFA1FF24FA75AC89FA08" bold="true" box="[192,689,1478,1502]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="B95FEAF7FFD6FFA1FF24FA75AC89FA08" bold="true" box="[192,689,1478,1502]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">
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<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D66FFD6FFA1FF24FA75AC72FA08" authority="(Mulsant)" baseAuthorityName="Mulsant" box="[192,586,1478,1502]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Diomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="seminulus">
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<emphasis id="B95FEAF7FFD6FFA1FF24FA75AF84FA08" bold="true" box="[192,444,1478,1502]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">Diomus seminulus</emphasis>
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(Mulsant)
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<figureCitation id="13102A60FFD6FFA1FDBEFA75AC90FA08" box="[602,680,1478,1502]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="6.[192,276,912,934]" captionTargetBox="[213,1427,201,885]" captionTargetId="figure-319@6.[192,1440,192,900]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 3. Diomus seminulus (Mulsant). A–D: habitus; E: Habitus variation; F: male sipho; G–J: male tegmen; K: abdomen; L: female genitalia. Photos by G. González." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5175666" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5175666/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C331656EFFD6FFA1FF24FA55AD30F9E8" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8B9436E5FFD6FFA1FF24FA55AD19FA28" blockId="4.[192,801,1478,1599]" box="[192,801,1510,1534]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">
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<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D66FFD6FFA1FF24FA55AD25FA28" authority="Mulsant 1850: 954" authorityName="Mulsant" authorityPageNumber="954" authorityYear="1850" box="[192,797,1510,1534]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Scymnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="seminulus" subGenus="Diomus">
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<emphasis id="B95FEAF7FFD6FFA1FF24FA55AF17FA2B" box="[192,303,1510,1533]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">Scymnus</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="B95FEAF7FFD6FFA1FEDBFA54AFA6FA28" box="[319,414,1511,1534]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">Diomus</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="B95FEAF7FFD6FFA1FE4AFA55AC14FA28" box="[430,556,1510,1534]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">seminulus</emphasis>
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Mulsant 1850: 954
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9436E5FFD6FFA1FF24F9B4ACABF9C8" blockId="4.[192,801,1478,1599]" box="[192,659,1542,1566]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB3B11CBFFD6FFA1FF24F9B4ACABF9C8" box="[192,659,1542,1566]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">
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<treatmentCitation id="0A8A10F4FFD6FFA1FF24F9B4ACB7F9C8" author="Gordon, R. D." box="[192,655,1542,1566]" page="151" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" year="1999">
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<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D66FFD6FFA1FF24F9B4ACB7F9C8" authority=": Gordon 1999: 151" authorityName=": Gordon" authorityPageNumber="151" authorityYear="1999" box="[192,655,1542,1566]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Diomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="seminulus">
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<emphasis id="B95FEAF7FFD6FFA1FF24F9B4AF9CF9C8" box="[192,420,1542,1566]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">Diomus seminulus</emphasis>
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:
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B14FFD6FFA1FE57F9B5ACB7F9C8" author="Gordon, R. D." box="[435,655,1542,1566]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" pagination="1 - 219" refId="ref3778" refString="Gordon, R. D. 1999. South American Coccinellidae (Coleoptera). Part VI: a systematic revision of the South American Diomini, new tribe (Scymninae). Annales Zoologici 49 (supplement 1): 1 - 219." type="journal article" year="1999">Gordon 1999: 151</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9436E5FFD6FFA1FF24F994AD30F9E8" blockId="4.[192,801,1478,1599]" box="[192,776,1574,1599]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">
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For a complete synonym list see
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B14FFD6FFA1FDB5F995AD3CF9E8" author="Gordon, R. D." box="[593,772,1574,1598]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" pagination="1 - 219" refId="ref3778" refString="Gordon, R. D. 1999. South American Coccinellidae (Coleoptera). Part VI: a systematic revision of the South American Diomini, new tribe (Scymninae). Annales Zoologici 49 (supplement 1): 1 - 219." type="journal article" year="1999">Gordon (1999)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C331656EFFD6FFA0FF24F9D5AC77FC4C" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8B9436E5FFD6FFA1FF24F9D5AD77F908" blockId="4.[192,1440,1638,1758]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">
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<emphasis id="B95FEAF7FFD6FFA1FF24F9D5AF96F9A8" bold="true" box="[192,430,1638,1662]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">Material studied.</emphasis>
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(N=2).
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<emphasis id="B95FEAF7FFD6FFA1FDEEF9D5ACAEF9A8" bold="true" box="[522,662,1638,1662]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">
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<collectingCountry id="F33C7675FFD6FFA1FDEEF9D5ACA8F9A8" box="[522,656,1638,1662]" name="Colombia" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">Colombia</collectingCountry>
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:
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</emphasis>
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<collectingRegion id="49EFF807FFD6FFA1FD79F9D5AD59F9A8" box="[669,865,1638,1662]" country="Colombia" name="Valle del Cauca" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">Valle del Cauca</collectingRegion>
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, Palmira, Corpoica, Palmira Research Station,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE1F5022FFD6FFA1FF24F935AF74F948" box="[192,332,1670,1694]" degrees="03" direction="north" minutes="30" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" precision="15" seconds="34" value="3.5094445">03°30’34”N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE1F5022FFD6FFA1FEBFF935AFD3F948" box="[347,491,1670,1694]" degrees="76" direction="west" minutes="19" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" precision="15" seconds="02" value="-76.31722">76°19’02”W</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<quantity id="4CD39B00FFD6FFA1FE1FF935AC61F948" box="[507,601,1670,1694]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.004" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" unit="m" value="1004.0">1004 m</quantity>
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a.s.l.,
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<date id="FF951025FFD6FFA1FD4BF935AD01F948" box="[687,825,1670,1694]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" value="2010-07-28">28.vii.2010</date>
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, coll. Rodrigo López B., ex. Feeding on eggs and nymphs inside ovisac of
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<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D66FFD6FFA1FE12F915AD7BF968" box="[502,835,1702,1726]" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Crypticerya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="multicicatrices">
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<emphasis id="B95FEAF7FFD6FFA1FE12F915AD7BF968" box="[502,835,1702,1726]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">Crypticerya multicicatrices</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, on undetermined palm,
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<specimenCount id="9D2DFD6CFFD6FFA1FB67F915AAE5F968" box="[1155,1245,1702,1726]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" type="adult">1 adult</specimenCount>
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male specimen (
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<collectionCode id="ED3AAE20FFD6FFA1FF2CF975AF24F908" box="[200,284,1734,1758]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">CPGG</collectionCode>
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).
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<specimenCount id="9D2DFD6CFFD6FFA1FECBF975AFB9F908" box="[303,385,1734,1758]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
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voucher specimen in alcohol (
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<collectionCode id="ED3AAE20FFD6FFA1FD16F975AD7AF908" box="[754,834,1734,1758]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">ECCP</collectionCode>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9436E5FFD6FFA0FF24F8B5ADACFE4C" blockId="4.[192,1440,1798,1919]" lastBlockId="5.[840,1440,194,410]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">
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<emphasis id="B95FEAF7FFD6FFA1FF24F8B5AF96F8C8" bold="true" box="[192,430,1798,1822]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">General features.</emphasis>
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Length: 1.5 to 2.2 mm. Body oval in shape, opaque in color, with thick and conspicu- ous punctuation, especially on elytra. Pilosity decumbent, abundant. Coloration variable, light brown, reddish brown or dark brown, but any of these colors may be combined on pronotum and elytra; some specimens with dark pronotum with margins of a lighter color; elytra may have longitudinal bands of a lighter color compared to margins. Completely jet black specimens are often female. Male genitalia are characterized by having a siphonal apex with a short filament about 1/5 length of sipho, and female genitalia are characterized by having a robust, c-shaped tubular infundibulum (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B14FFD7FFA0FAA0FED1ADBFFE4C" author="Gordon, R. D." pageId="5" pageNumber="4" pagination="1 - 219" refId="ref3778" refString="Gordon, R. D. 1999. South American Coccinellidae (Coleoptera). Part VI: a systematic revision of the South American Diomini, new tribe (Scymninae). Annales Zoologici 49 (supplement 1): 1 - 219." type="journal article" year="1999">Gordon 1999</bibRefCitation>
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||
).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9436E5FFD7FFA0FCACFE71AA8CFD8F" blockId="5.[840,1440,450,602]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">
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<emphasis id="B95FEAF7FFD7FFA0FCACFE71ADA9FE0C" bold="true" box="[840,913,450,474]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Note.</emphasis>
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Examination of the genitalia is crucial for correct identification of the species, since in
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<collectingCountry id="F33C7675FFD7FFA0FA93FE51ADA3FDCC" name="Colombia" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Colombia</collectingCountry>
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there are 45 species known in this genus, many of which could be confused with some of the color morphs of
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<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D66FFD7FFA0FBE8FDF1AA96FD8C" authorityName=": Gordon" authorityYear="1999" box="[1036,1198,578,602]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Diomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="seminulus">
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<emphasis id="B95FEAF7FFD7FFA0FBE8FDF1AA96FD8C" box="[1036,1198,578,602]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">D. seminulus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="DF54666DFFD7FFA0FF25FD34ABA7FCCF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5175664" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5175664" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5175664/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" startId="5.[193,280,647,669]" targetBox="[192,816,192,632]" targetPageId="5">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9436E5FFD7FFA0FF25FD34ABA7FCCF" blockId="5.[192,1440,642,922]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEAF7FFD7FFA0FF25FD34AF01FD4A" bold="true" box="[193,313,647,669]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Figure 2.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D66FFD7FFA0FEA6FD34AC99FD4B" authority="Gordon" authorityName="Gordon" box="[322,673,647,669]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Delphastus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quinculus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEAF7FFD7FFA0FEA6FD34AC79FD4A" box="[322,577,647,668]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Delphastus quinculus</emphasis>
|
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Gordon
|
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</taxonomicName>
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(see arrow)
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<emphasis id="B95FEAF7FFD7FFA0FCACFD31ADC5FD4C" bold="true" box="[840,1021,642,666]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Known hosts.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D66FFD7FFA0FBE6FD31AA87FD4F" box="[1026,1215,642,666]" class="Arachnida" family="Tetranychidae" genus="Tetranychus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEAF7FFD7FFA0FBE6FD31AAA0FD4C" box="[1026,1176,642,666]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Tetranychus</emphasis>
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sp.
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</taxonomicName>
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(Acari: Tetranych- feeding on eggs inside ovisac of
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<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D66FFD7FFA0FDEAFD17AD08FD6F" box="[526,816,676,697]" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Crypticerya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="multicicatrices">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEAF7FFD7FFA0FDEAFD17AD08FD6F" box="[526,816,676,697]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Crypticerya multicicatrices</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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idae) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D66FFD7FFA0FC5BFD11AB3DFD6C" authority="(Curtis)" baseAuthorityName="Curtis" baseAuthorityYear="1846" box="[959,1285,674,698]" class="Insecta" family="Aleyrodidae" genus="Aleurodicus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cocois">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEAF7FFD7FFA0FC5BFD11AAA6FD6F" box="[959,1182,674,698]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Aleurodicus cocois</emphasis>
|
||
(Curtis)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D66FFD7FFA0FAF7FD11ABA5FD6C" box="[1299,1437,674,698]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Hemiptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
: Kondo and Unruh. Notice that the coccinellid has eaten
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D66FFD7FFA0FCACFD71ADE5FD0C" authorityName="Westwood" authorityYear="1840" box="[840,989,706,730]" class="Insecta" family="Aleyrodidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Aleyrodidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) on banana and plantain;
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEAF7FFD7FFA0FACDFD71AED7FD25" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Lepidosapart</emphasis>
|
||
of the wax of the ovisac in order to get access to the
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEAF7FFD7FFA0FCACFD51ADF6FD2C" box="[840,974,738,762]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">phes beckii</emphasis>
|
||
(Newman) (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D66FFD7FFA0FB83FD51AAC9FD2C" box="[1127,1265,738,762]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Hemiptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D66FFD7FFA0FB19FD51ABACFD2C" box="[1277,1428,738,762]" class="Insecta" family="Diaspididae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Diaspididae</taxonomicName>
|
||
), eggs that are held inside it. Photo by R. López Bermúdez.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D66FFD7FFA0FCACFCB1AB15FCCF" authority="Patch and Toxoptera" authorityName="Patch and Toxoptera" box="[840,1325,770,794]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Aphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spiraecola">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEAF7FFD7FFA0FCACFCB1AA21FCCC" box="[840,1049,770,794]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Aphis spiraecola</emphasis>
|
||
Patch and Toxoptera
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
aurantii
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9436E5FFD7FFA0FCACFC91AC77FC4C" blockId="5.[192,1440,642,922]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">
|
||
(Boyer de Fonscolombe) (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D66FFD7FFA0FB66FC91AB34FCEC" box="[1154,1292,802,826]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Hemiptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D66FFD7FFA0FAFDFC91ABA0FCEC" box="[1305,1432,802,826]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Aphididae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) on cherry (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B14FFD7FFA0FEA9FCF1AC41FC8C" author="Miro, J. J. & P. S. Castillo" box="[333,633,834,858]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" pagination="21 - 29" refId="ref4159" refString="Miro, J. J., and P. S. Castillo. 2010. Especies de " mariquitas " (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) en los frutales de Tumbes. Revista Peruana de Entomologia 46: 21 - 29." type="journal article" year="2010">Miró and Castillo 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D66FFD7FFA0FD78FCF1AD23FC8C" box="[668,795,834,858]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Aphididae</taxonomicName>
|
||
” (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B14FFD7FFA0FCDDFCF1ADD8FC8C" author="Gordon, R. D." box="[825,992,834,858]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" pagination="1 - 219" refId="ref3778" refString="Gordon, R. D. 1999. South American Coccinellidae (Coleoptera). Part VI: a systematic revision of the South American Diomini, new tribe (Scymninae). Annales Zoologici 49 (supplement 1): 1 - 219." type="journal article" year="1999">Gordon 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
);
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D66FFD7FFA0FC1DFCF1AAC5FC8C" authority="(Forbes)" baseAuthorityName="Forbes" box="[1017,1277,834,858]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Sipha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flava">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEAF7FFD7FFA0FC1DFCF1AAB4FC8C" box="[1017,1164,834,858]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Sipha flava</emphasis>
|
||
(Forbes)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D66FFD7FFA0FAF5FCF1ABA4FC8C" box="[1297,1436,834,858]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Hemiptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D66FFD7FFA0FF24FCD1AF07FCAC" box="[192,319,866,890]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Aphididae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B14FFD7FFA0FEB2FCD1AC5AFCAC" author="Monteiro, P. H. & M. V. Leite & A. M. Auad" box="[342,610,866,890]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" pagination="16 - 22" refId="ref4201" refString="Monteiro, P. H., M. V. Leite, and A. M. Auad. 2011 a. Longevidade e taxa de oviposicao de Diomus seminulus (Mulsant, 1850) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) alimentadas de Sipha flava (Forbes, 1884) (Hemiptera: Aphididae). In: Proceedings of the X Congresso de Ecologia do Brasil, September 16 - 22, 2011, Sao Lourenco - MG. Sociedade de Ecologia do Brasil. 2 pp. http: // www. seb-ecologia. org. br / xceb / resumos / 1409. pdf [Last accessed on August 24, 2012]. [Last accessed on August 24, 2012]." type="book chapter" year="2011">Monteiro et al. 2011a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,b,c); and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D66FFD7FFA0FD30FCD1AB3BFCAC" authority="Kondo and Unruh" authorityName="Kondo and Unruh" box="[724,1283,866,890]" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Crypticerya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="multicicatrices">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEAF7FFD7FFA0FD30FCD1AA26FCAC" box="[724,1054,866,890]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Crypticerya multicicatrices</emphasis>
|
||
Kondo and Unruh
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D66FFD7FFA0FAF7FCD1ABA5FCAC" box="[1299,1437,866,890]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Hemiptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D66FFD7FFA0FF24FC31AF45FC4C" box="[192,381,898,922]" class="Insecta" family="Monophlebidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Monophlebidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) (present study).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C331656EFFD7FFA0FF24FC72AD8BFC0C" box="[192,947,961,986]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9436E5FFD7FFA0FF24FC72AD8BFC0C" blockId="5.[192,947,961,986]" box="[192,947,961,986]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEAF7FFD7FFA0FF24FC72AF4CFC0F" bold="true" box="[192,372,961,985]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Distribution:</emphasis>
|
||
South America (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B14FFD7FFA0FDA6FC71ACDBFC0C" author="Gordon, R. D." box="[578,739,962,986]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" pagination="1 - 219" refId="ref3778" refString="Gordon, R. D. 1999. South American Coccinellidae (Coleoptera). Part VI: a systematic revision of the South American Diomini, new tribe (Scymninae). Annales Zoologici 49 (supplement 1): 1 - 219." type="journal article" year="1999">Gordon 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B14FFD7FFA0FD0BFC71AD9EFC0C" author="Gonzalez, G." box="[751,934,962,986]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" pagination="77 - 107" refId="ref3671" refString="Gonzalez, G. 2008. Lista y distribucion geografica de especies de Coccinellidae (Insecta: Coleoptera) presentes en Chile. Boletin del Museo Nacional de Historia Natural, Chile, 57: 77 - 107." type="journal article" year="2008">González 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C331656EFFD7FFA0FF24FBB2AA07F98C" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9436E5FFD7FFA0FF24FBB2AA07F98C" blockId="5.[192,1440,1025,1626]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEAF7FFD7FFA0FF24FBB2AF08FBCF" bold="true" box="[192,304,1025,1049]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Biology.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D66FFD7FFA0FED0FBB1AC2CFBCC" authorityName=": Gordon" authorityYear="1999" box="[308,532,1026,1050]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Diomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="seminulus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEAF7FFD7FFA0FED0FBB1AC2CFBCC" box="[308,532,1026,1050]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Diomus seminulus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is quite polyphagous, and is known to feed on mites, aphids, armored scales, whiteflies and now the MFS. Two specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D66FFD7FFA0FCF3FB91AD83FBEC" authorityName=": Gordon" authorityYear="1999" box="[791,955,1058,1082]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Diomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="seminulus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEAF7FFD7FFA0FCF3FB91AD83FBEC" box="[791,955,1058,1082]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">D. seminulus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were found inside ovisacs of the MFS, feeding on eggs and first-instar nymphs.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B14FFD7FFA0FD5DFBF1ADE9FB8C" author="Monteiro, P. H. & M. V. Leite & A. M. Auad" box="[697,977,1090,1114]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" pagination="16 - 22" refId="ref4201" refString="Monteiro, P. H., M. V. Leite, and A. M. Auad. 2011 a. Longevidade e taxa de oviposicao de Diomus seminulus (Mulsant, 1850) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) alimentadas de Sipha flava (Forbes, 1884) (Hemiptera: Aphididae). In: Proceedings of the X Congresso de Ecologia do Brasil, September 16 - 22, 2011, Sao Lourenco - MG. Sociedade de Ecologia do Brasil. 2 pp. http: // www. seb-ecologia. org. br / xceb / resumos / 1409. pdf [Last accessed on August 24, 2012]. [Last accessed on August 24, 2012]." type="book chapter" year="2011">Monteiro et al. (2011a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
studied the longevity and oviposition rate of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D66FFD7FFA0FEF8FBD1AFF8FBAC" authorityName=": Gordon" authorityYear="1999" box="[284,448,1122,1146]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Diomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="seminulus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEAF7FFD7FFA0FEF8FBD1AFF8FBAC" box="[284,448,1122,1146]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">D. seminulus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
reared on the yellow sugarcane aphid,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D66FFD7FFA0FC57FBD1AA7CFBAC" box="[947,1092,1122,1146]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Sipha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flava">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEAF7FFD7FFA0FC57FBD1AA7CFBAC" box="[947,1092,1122,1146]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Sipha flava</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, at 24°C, 70 ± 10% relative humidity and 12h photophase. Adult males of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D66FFD7FFA0FD13FB31ADA0FB4C" authorityName=": Gordon" authorityYear="1999" box="[759,920,1154,1178]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Diomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="seminulus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEAF7FFD7FFA0FD13FB31ADA0FB4C" box="[759,920,1154,1178]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">D. seminulus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were shown to live on average 110.8 days, with a range of 56 to 145 days, whereas adult females lived on average 106.4 days, with a range of 67 to 135 days. The preoviposition period of female beetles was 11 days. On average, each adult female of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D66FFD7FFA0FF24FB51AF5AFB2C" authorityName=": Gordon" authorityYear="1999" box="[192,354,1250,1274]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Diomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="seminulus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEAF7FFD7FFA0FF24FB51AF5AFB2C" box="[192,354,1250,1274]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">D. seminulus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
laid 70.7 eggs during its oviposition period. Peak oviposition occurred between the 20th and 50th day after adult emergence, and during this period 60% of all eggs were laid. Although 25% of the beetle pairs remained laying eggs after this peak,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B14FFD7FFA0FCA9FA91AA59FAEC" author="Monteiro, P. H. & M. V. Leite & A. M. Auad" box="[845,1121,1314,1338]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" pagination="16 - 22" refId="ref4201" refString="Monteiro, P. H., M. V. Leite, and A. M. Auad. 2011 a. Longevidade e taxa de oviposicao de Diomus seminulus (Mulsant, 1850) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) alimentadas de Sipha flava (Forbes, 1884) (Hemiptera: Aphididae). In: Proceedings of the X Congresso de Ecologia do Brasil, September 16 - 22, 2011, Sao Lourenco - MG. Sociedade de Ecologia do Brasil. 2 pp. http: // www. seb-ecologia. org. br / xceb / resumos / 1409. pdf [Last accessed on August 24, 2012]. [Last accessed on August 24, 2012]." type="book chapter" year="2011">Monteiro et al. (2011a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
did not recommend insect rearing at this stage because of the low egg production.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B14FFD7FFA0FC93FAF1AAAAFA8C" author="Monteiro, P. H. & D. R. Santos & I. S. C. P. Maddalena & M. V. Leite & A. M. Auad" box="[887,1170,1346,1370]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" pagination="16 - 22" refId="ref4328" refString="Monteiro, P. H., D. R. Santos, I. S. C. P. Maddalena, T. T. d. Resende, M. V. Leite, and A. M. Auad. 2011 b. Duracao e sobrevivencia da fase imatura de Diomus seminulus (Mulsant, 1850) (Coleoptera: coccinellidae) alimentadas de Sipha flava (Forbes, 1884) (Hemiptera; Aphididae) em diferentes temperaturas. In: Proceedings of the X Congresso de Ecologia do Brasil, September 16 - 22, 2011, Sao Lourenco - MG. P. 426. Sociedade de Ecologia do Brasil. http: // seb. org. br / eventos / SINCONBIOL 2011 / PDF / PT 0730. pdf [Last accessed on August 24, 2012]." type="journal article" year="2011">Monteiro et al. (2011b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
studied the longevity of the larval stages of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D66FFD7FFA0FE37FAD1AC4DFAAC" authorityName=": Gordon" authorityYear="1999" box="[467,629,1378,1402]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Diomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="seminulus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEAF7FFD7FFA0FE37FAD1AC4DFAAC" box="[467,629,1378,1402]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">D. seminulus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
fed with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D66FFD7FFA0FD0EFAD1AD70FAAC" box="[746,840,1378,1402]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Sipha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flava">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEAF7FFD7FFA0FD0EFAD1AD70FAAC" box="[746,840,1378,1402]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">S. flava</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in glass containers (1.4 cm diameter and 2.4 cm high), kept in climate chambers at 16, 20, 24 and 28°C, 70 ± 10% relative humidity and 12h photophase. The average total duration of the larval stage decreased as temperatures increased, i.e., 46, 24.4, 16.2 and 14 days at 16, 20, 24 and 28°C respectively; the survival rate of the immature stages was 11, 32, 46 and 28%, at 16, 20, 24 and 28°C respectively; the best rearing temperatures for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D66FFD7FFA0FB58FA51AB65FA2C" authorityName=": Gordon" authorityYear="1999" box="[1212,1373,1506,1530]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Diomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="seminulus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEAF7FFD7FFA0FB58FA51AB65FA2C" box="[1212,1373,1506,1530]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">D. seminulus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were 20 and 24°C. At 12 and 16°C, the eggs dried and darkened in color, with a viability of 0% and 29% respectively; egg viability at 20, 24 and 28°C was 67, 98 and 43% respectively; temperatures of 20 and 24°C were the most suitable for egg development (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B14FFD7FFA0FCCEF9F1AA0BF98C" author="Monteiro, P. H. & D. R. Santos & M. G. Fonseca & S. E. B. Silva & D. M. Aguiar & A. M. Auad" box="[810,1075,1602,1626]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" pagination="16 - 22" refId="ref4476" refString="Monteiro, P. H., D. R. Santos, M. G. Fonseca, S. E. B. Silva, D. M. Aguiar, and A. M. Auad, 2011 c. Viabilidade e duracao de ovos de Diomus seminulus (Mulsant, 1850) (Coleoptera: coccinellidae) submetidas a diferentes temperaturas. In: Proceedings of the X Congresso de Ecologia do Brasil, September 16 - 22, 2011, Sao Lourenco - MG. P. 427. Sociedade de Ecologia do Brasil. http: // seb. org. br / eventos / SINCONBIOL 2011 / PDF / PT 0731. pdf [Last accessed on August 24, 2012]" type="journal article" year="2011">Monteiro et al. 2011c</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |