treatments-xml/data/03/82/87/038287ECFFB34E3D26D582DCFE92FC4F.xml

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<mods:title id="5670BF077794625D62FE8E624718ACF8">A new species of Pontoscolex earthworm (Rhinodrilidae, Clitellata) from the Gurupi Biological Reserve, along with records of earthworm species from the Amazon region of Maranhão, Brazil</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="3A05EA0DD8F37AD72E1063AFC848F727">Hernández-García, Luis Manuel</mods:namePart>
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<emphasis id="B95FEAE8FFB34E3F268583D0FEBDFA72" bold="true" box="[199,334,1444,1470]" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">Etymology.</emphasis>
The species name is in honor of the Awa indigenous people, the last hunter-gatherers of the continent, and who live in the forest of the region.
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<emphasis id="B95FEAE8FFB34E3F2685839FFEAAF9CA" bold="true" box="[199,345,1515,1542]" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">Description.</emphasis>
Dimensions: 
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at X, 
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at XXX, 219 segments; 
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<quantity id="4CD39B1FFFB34E3F27BD8064FD75F9E7" box="[511,646,1552,1579]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8499999999999996" metricValueMax="4.1" metricValueMin="3.6" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" unit="mm" value="3.8499999999999996" valueMax="4.1" valueMin="3.6">3.6–4.1 mm</quantity>
at X, 
<quantity id="4CD39B1FFFB34E3F24898064FCA0F9E7" box="[715,851,1552,1579]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.95" metricValueMax="4.2" metricValueMin="3.7" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" unit="mm" value="3.95" valueMax="4.2" valueMin="3.7">3.7–4.2 mm</quantity>
at clitellum and 
<quantity id="4CD39B1FFFB34E3F2252807BFB64F9E7" box="[1040,1175,1551,1579]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.7" metricValueMax="3.9" metricValueMin="3.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" unit="mm" value="3.7" valueMax="3.9" valueMin="3.5">3.5–3.9 mm</quantity>
at XXX, 218–219 segments. Body cylindrical and apigmented. Setae 
<emphasis id="B95FEAE8FFB34E3F24E98040FD3EF982" box="[683,717,1588,1614]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">AB</emphasis>
and 
<emphasis id="B95FEAE8FFB34E3F25418041FCD9F983" box="[771,810,1589,1615]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">CD</emphasis>
commence on II, regular and closely paired throughout. Setal arrangement aa:ab:bc:cd:dd = 3.6:1.0:5.6:1.0:15.2 at XXX, dd&gt;1/2 circumference throughout. Prostomium prolobic; peristomium grooved. Clitellum in XIII–XXIII, annular in XIII–XVIII, saddle-shaped in XIX–XXIII, dark beige preserved. Tubercula pubertatis band-shaped on XIX–(1/2) XXII in 
<emphasis id="B95FEAE8FFB34E3F226B80D5FBBEF977" box="[1065,1101,1697,1723]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">BC</emphasis>
line (Fig. 1A). Four pairs of genital markings are ventrally between the tubercula pubertatis field protruding along the segment. Smooth genital setae (Fig. 1B) in XIX–XXI at 
<emphasis id="B95FEAE8FFB34E3F27B4809CFDEBF8CE" box="[502,536,1768,1794]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">AB</emphasis>
line, 350 
<emphasis id="B95FEAE8FFB34E3F24CB809DFD64F8CE" box="[649,663,1769,1794]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">μ</emphasis>
m in length, slightly curved at distal region, thickness near the apical region. Common setae smooth and slightly curve at the apical region, 250 
<emphasis id="B95FEAE8FFB34E3F25A98179FC0AF8EA" box="[1003,1017,1805,1830]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">μ</emphasis>
m in length (Fig. 1C). Microscopical ovipores just on 
<emphasis id="B95FEAE8FFB34E3F270C8144FEACF886" box="[334,351,1840,1866]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">A</emphasis>
line on oval light beige papilla of segment XIV, 
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apart. Male pores microscopical and not recognized externally. Vesicled intersegmental nephropores in 
<emphasis id="B95FEAE8FFB34E3F25168121FC9BF8A2" box="[852,872,1877,1902]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">D</emphasis>
line, first nephropore visible in XIII–XIV.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9436FAFFB34E3C2685810CFBC8FEAB" blockId="1.[151,1437,1264,2011]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1437,153,647]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="107" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">
Septa equally thick, conical and highly muscular in 6/7–8/9. Septa 9/10–11/12 slightly muscular, intraclitellar septa membranous. Gizzard in VI, 
<quantity id="4CD39B1FFFB34E3F246481E8FD8DF87B" box="[550,638,1948,1975]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" unit="mm" value="2.2">2.2 mm</quantity>
in wide and 
<quantity id="4CD39B1FFFB34E3F255781E8FC9EF87B" box="[789,877,1948,1975]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" unit="mm" value="1.9">1.9 mm</quantity>
in length, highly muscular, 
<quantity id="4CD39B1FFFB34E3F22ED81EFFAF5F87B" box="[1199,1286,1947,1975]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
in thickness. Intestinal origin in XVII, sigmoidal typhlosole at XXVII extended to CXLIX, occupying approximately 70% of the intestinal space. Three pairs of pyriform calciferous glands with small rounded appendage in VII–IX (Fig. 1D), dorsal-esophageal connection and tubular-composite structure (Fig. 1E). Vesiculated holonephridia; ducts to body wall near the level of 
<emphasis id="B95FEAE8FFB04E3C27CF8696FE52FF37" box="[397,417,226,251]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="107">D</emphasis>
. Post-clitellar nephridia consisting of a tube arranged in two loops and connected with the bladder compartment (Fig. 1F). The vascular system with three pairs of blood vessel in VII–IX, parallel to calciferous gland, two pairs of lateroesophageal hearts, kidney-shaped, in X–XI. A poorly developed supra-esophageal vessel runs over the dorsal side of the intestine, supra-esophageal hearts are absent.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9436FAFFB04E3C26858705FD88FD4B" blockId="2.[151,1437,153,647]" pageId="2" pageNumber="107">
One pair of ovary sacs in XIII. The ovary funnels are backside of the segment XIII just on membranous septa. Female pores open in segment XIV between 
<emphasis id="B95FEAE8FFB04E3C24DA87E1FD5AFE63" box="[664,681,405,431]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="107">A</emphasis>
lines space. Three pairs of lobulated and very small spermathecae are present in VII–IX, opening pairwise 
<emphasis id="B95FEAE8FFB04E3C242787CDFD8BFE1F" box="[613,632,441,467]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="107">C</emphasis>
line of 6/7, 7/8 and 8/9, respectively (Fig. 1G). Spermathecae increasing in size, from 
<quantity id="4CD39B1FFFB04E3C271F87A9FE47FE3B" box="[349,436,477,503]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="107" unit="mm" value="0.2">0.2 mm</quantity>
in VII to 
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in IX. The spermathecal duct is as long as the ampulla. Although the spermathecae are very small, they have a bulky ampulla, with sperm seen in the three pairs, indicating that they are functional. Male sexual system metandric, testes sacs in XI; a pair of large seminal vesicles in XII extended to segment XXX–XLV. Deferent ducts go out from testes and enter into body tissue on XII near 
<emphasis id="B95FEAE8FFB04E3C22D6843EFB56FDAF" box="[1172,1189,586,611]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="107">B</emphasis>
line and then running to 20/21, opening into tubercula pubertatis.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9436FAFFB04E3C26D58056FB08F94F" blockId="2.[151,1437,1570,1667]" pageId="2" pageNumber="107">
<emphasis id="B95FEAE8FFB04E3C26D58056FEE0F9F7" bold="true" box="[151,275,1570,1595]" pageId="2" pageNumber="107">FIGURE.1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D79FFB04E3C275B8057FE37F9F7" authority="Sousa &amp; Hernández-García &amp; Rousseau, 2020" authorityName="Sousa &amp; Hernández-García &amp; Rousseau" authorityYear="2020" box="[281,452,1571,1595]" class="Clitellata" family="Glossoscolecidae" genus="Pontoscolex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="2" pageNumber="107" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="awa" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B95FEAE8FFB04E3C275B8057FE37F9F7" box="[281,452,1571,1595]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="107">Pontoscolex awa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B95FEAE8FFB04E3C27888057FDEAF9F7" bold="true" box="[458,537,1570,1595]" pageId="2" pageNumber="107">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26C5793FFB04E3C27888057FDF0F9F7" box="[458,515,1571,1595]" pageId="2" pageNumber="107" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
A
</emphasis>
. Ventral view of anterior region. 
<emphasis id="B95FEAE8FFB04E3C25258057FC8BF9F7" bold="true" box="[871,888,1571,1595]" pageId="2" pageNumber="107">B</emphasis>
. Right genital seta of XIX at 
<emphasis id="B95FEAE8FFB04E3C22E28050FB5CF9F7" box="[1184,1199,1572,1595]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="107">A</emphasis>
line. 
<emphasis id="B95FEAE8FFB04E3C22A58056FB0AF9F7" bold="true" box="[1255,1273,1570,1595]" pageId="2" pageNumber="107">C</emphasis>
. Right common setae of XXX at 
<emphasis id="B95FEAE8FFB04E3C277C803CFEBEF993" box="[318,333,1608,1631]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="107">B</emphasis>
line. 
<emphasis id="B95FEAE8FFB04E3C27C68033FE65F993" bold="true" box="[388,406,1607,1631]" pageId="2" pageNumber="107">D</emphasis>
. View in cross section of left calciferous gland of VII. 
<emphasis id="B95FEAE8FFB04E3C25FB8033FC39F993" bold="true" box="[953,970,1607,1631]" pageId="2" pageNumber="107">E</emphasis>
. Dorsal view of transversal cut of left calciferous gland of VII. 
<emphasis id="B95FEAE8FFB04E3C2708801FFEAAF94F" bold="true" box="[330,345,1643,1667]" pageId="2" pageNumber="107">F</emphasis>
. Dorsal view of post-clitellar nephridium. 
<emphasis id="B95FEAE8FFB04E3C2549801EFCECF94F" bold="true" box="[779,799,1642,1667]" pageId="2" pageNumber="107">G</emphasis>
. Dorsal view of right spermathecae of VII–IX.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3316571FFB04E3D268580C6FE92FC4F" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="108" pageId="2" pageNumber="107" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B9436FAFFB04E3D268580C6FE49FDD7" blockId="2.[151,1437,1713,2028]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1437,153,899]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="108" pageId="2" pageNumber="107">
<emphasis id="B95FEAE8FFB04E3C268580C6FEC7F900" bold="true" box="[199,308,1714,1740]" pageId="2" pageNumber="107">Remarks</emphasis>
. Smooth genital setae not larger than the common setae is a character not yet reported in species of 
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D79FFB04E3C26D580A2FED3F93C" authorityName="Schmarda" authorityYear="1861" box="[151,288,1750,1776]" class="Clitellata" family="Glossoscolecidae" genus="Pontoscolex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="2" pageNumber="107" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95FEAE8FFB04E3C26D580A2FED3F93C" box="[151,288,1750,1776]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="107">Pontoscolex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. It may be unique to 
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D79FFB04E3C245A80A2FD90F923" authority="Sousa &amp; Hernández-García &amp; Rousseau, 2020" authorityName="Sousa &amp; Hernández-García &amp; Rousseau" authorityYear="2020" box="[536,611,1750,1775]" class="Clitellata" family="Glossoscolecidae" genus="Pontoscolex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="2" pageNumber="107" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="awa" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B95FEAE8FFB04E3C245A80A2FD90F923" box="[536,611,1750,1775]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="107">P. awa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B95FEAE8FFB04E3C242E80A2FD34F93C" bold="true" box="[620,711,1750,1776]" pageId="2" pageNumber="107">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26C5793FFB04E3C242E80A2FD34F93C" box="[620,711,1750,1776]" pageId="2" pageNumber="107" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
but it is unknown in several species of the genus (see 
<tableCitation id="C6A90341FFB04E3C237A80A1FA78F93C" box="[1336,1419,1749,1776]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="5.[151,231,476,499]" captionText="TABLE 1. (Continued)" pageId="2" pageNumber="107">Table 1</tableCitation>
). 
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D79FFB04E3C26D5808EFEA6F8DF" authority="Sousa &amp; Hernández-García &amp; Rousseau, 2020" authorityName="Sousa &amp; Hernández-García &amp; Rousseau" authorityYear="2020" box="[151,341,1786,1812]" class="Clitellata" family="Glossoscolecidae" genus="Pontoscolex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="2" pageNumber="107" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="awa" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B95FEAE8FFB04E3C26D5808EFEA6F8DF" box="[151,341,1786,1812]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="107">Pontoscolex awa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B95FEAE8FFB04E3C2718808EFE40F8D8" bold="true" box="[346,435,1786,1812]" pageId="2" pageNumber="107">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26C5793FFB04E3C2718808EFE40F8D8" box="[346,435,1786,1812]" pageId="2" pageNumber="107" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
has a regular setal arrangement, a character state shared by 10 further species in the genus: 
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D79FFB04E3C26D5816AFE2CF8F4" authority="Righi et al., 1978" authorityName="Righi" authorityYear="1978" box="[151,479,1821,1848]" class="Clitellata" family="Glossoscolecidae" genus="Pontoscolex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="2" pageNumber="107" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="eudoxiae">
<emphasis id="B95FEAE8FFB04E3C26D5816AFEE4F8F4" box="[151,279,1822,1848]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="107">P. eudoxiae</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B0BFFB04E3C275F8169FE2CF8F4" author="Righi, G. &amp; Ayres, I. &amp; Bittencourt, E. C. R." box="[285,479,1821,1848]" pageId="2" pageNumber="107" pagination="1 - 49" refId="ref8069" refString="Righi, G., Ayres, I. &amp; Bittencourt, E. C. R. (1978) Oligochaeta (Annelida) do Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia. Acta Amazonica, 8, 1 - 49. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / 1809 - 439219780831 s 005" type="journal article" year="1978">
Righi 
<emphasis id="B95FEAE8FFB04E3C2723816AFE62F8F4" box="[353,401,1822,1848]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="107">et al</emphasis>
., 1978
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
; 
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D79FFB04E3C27A8816AFCC8F8F4" authority="Zicsi &amp; Csuzdi, 1999" authorityName="Zicsi &amp; Csuzdi" authorityYear="1999" box="[490,827,1821,1848]" class="Clitellata" family="Glossoscolecidae" genus="Pontoscolex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="2" pageNumber="107" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="franzi">
<emphasis id="B95FEAE8FFB04E3C27A8816AFDB6F8F4" box="[490,581,1822,1848]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="107">P. franzi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B0BFFB04E3C240E8169FCC8F8F4" author="Zicsi, A. &amp; Csuzdi, Cs." box="[588,827,1821,1848]" pageId="2" pageNumber="107" pagination="123 - 134" refId="ref8506" refString="Zicsi, A. &amp; Csuzdi, Cs. (1999) Neue und bekannte Regenwurmer aus verschiedenen Teilen Sudamerikas. Regenwurmer aus Sudamerika 26. Senckembergiana Biologica, 78, 123 - 134." type="journal article" year="1999">Zicsi &amp; Csuzdi, 1999</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
; 
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D79FFB04E3C2504816AFB8AF8F4" authority="Righi, 1984" authorityName="Righi" authorityYear="1984" box="[838,1145,1821,1848]" class="Clitellata" family="Glossoscolecidae" genus="Pontoscolex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="2" pageNumber="107" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="maracaensis">
<emphasis id="B95FEAE8FFB04E3C2504816AFC1DF8FB" box="[838,1006,1822,1847]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="107">P. maracaensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B0BFFB04E3C25B18169FB8AF8F4" author="Righi, G." box="[1011,1145,1821,1848]" pageId="2" pageNumber="107" pagination="159 - 177" refId="ref7778" refString="Righi, G. (1984) Pontoscolex (Oligochaeta, Glossoscolecida), a new evaluation. Studies on Neotropical Fauna and Environment, 19, 159 - 177. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 01650528409360653" type="journal article" year="1984">Righi, 1984</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
; 
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D79FFB04E3C22C6816AFA64F8F4" authority="Righi, 1984" authorityName="Righi" authorityYear="1984" box="[1156,1431,1821,1848]" class="Clitellata" family="Glossoscolecidae" genus="Pontoscolex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="2" pageNumber="107" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="nogueirai">
<emphasis id="B95FEAE8FFB04E3C22C6816AFAFFF8FB" box="[1156,1292,1822,1847]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="107">P. nogueirai</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B0BFFB04E3C23538169FA64F8F4" author="Righi, G." box="[1297,1431,1821,1848]" pageId="2" pageNumber="107" pagination="159 - 177" refId="ref7778" refString="Righi, G. (1984) Pontoscolex (Oligochaeta, Glossoscolecida), a new evaluation. Studies on Neotropical Fauna and Environment, 19, 159 - 177. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 01650528409360653" type="journal article" year="1984">Righi, 1984</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
; 
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D79FFB04E3C26D58136FE59F890" authority="Righi, 1988" authorityName="Righi" authorityYear="1988" box="[151,426,1857,1884]" class="Clitellata" family="Glossoscolecidae" genus="Pontoscolex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="2" pageNumber="107" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="pydanieli">
<emphasis id="B95FEAE8FFB04E3C26D58136FEE8F890" box="[151,283,1858,1884]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="107">P. pydanieli</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B0BFFB04E3C27608135FE59F890" author="Righi, G." box="[290,426,1857,1884]" pageId="2" pageNumber="107" pagination="71 - 76" refId="ref7847" refString="Righi, G. (1988) Pontoscolex (P). pydanieli, spec. nov. (Oligochaeta, Glossoscolecida) and its parasite Pessoaella pontoscolecis, gen. nov., spec. nov. (Eugregarinida, Aikinetocystida). Studies on Neotropical Fauna and Environment, 23, 71 - 76. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 01650528809360747" type="journal article" year="1988">Righi, 1988</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
; 
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D79FFB04E3C27F78136FCB2F890" authority="Borges &amp; Moreno, 1990" authorityName="Borges &amp; Moreno" authorityYear="1990" box="[437,833,1858,1884]" class="Clitellata" family="Glossoscolecidae" genus="Pontoscolex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="2" pageNumber="107" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="spiralis">
<emphasis id="B95FEAE8FFB04E3C27F78136FDD6F890" box="[437,549,1858,1884]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="107">P. spiralis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B0BFFB04E3C246E8136FCB2F890" author="Borges, S. &amp; Moreno, A. G." box="[556,833,1858,1884]" pageId="2" pageNumber="107" pagination="143 - 157" refId="ref6433" refString="Borges, S. &amp; Moreno, A. G. (1990) Nuevas especies y un nuevo subgenero del genero Pontoscolex Schmarda, 1861 (Oligochaeta: Glossoscolecidae) para Puerto Rico. Bolletino del Museo Regionale de Scienze Naturali, Torino, 8, 143 - 157." type="journal article" year="1990">Borges &amp; Moreno, 1990</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D79FFB04E3C250E8136FB5FF890" authority="Cernosvitov, 1934" authorityName="Cernosvitov" authorityYear="1934" box="[844,1196,1857,1884]" class="Clitellata" family="Glossoscolecidae" genus="Pontoscolex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="2" pageNumber="107" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="guianicus">
<emphasis id="B95FEAE8FFB04E3C250E8136FC26F897" box="[844,981,1858,1883]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="107">P. guianicus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B0BFFB04E3C259E8135FB5FF890" author="Cernosvitov, L." box="[988,1196,1857,1884]" pageId="2" pageNumber="107" pagination="47 - 59" refId="ref6584" refString="Cernosvitov, L. (1934) Les Oligochetes de la Guyane Francaise et d'autres pays de l'Amerique du Sud. Bulletin du Musee Nationale d'Histoire Naturelle de Paris, 2, 47 - 59." type="journal article" year="1934">Černosvitov, 1934</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
; 
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D79FFB04E3C22FA8136FF21F8B3" authority="Righi, 1969" authorityName="Righi" authorityYear="1969" class="Clitellata" family="Glossoscolecidae" genus="Pontoscolex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="2" pageNumber="107" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="hoogmoedi">
<emphasis id="B95FEAE8FFB04E3C22FA8136FABCF890" box="[1208,1359,1858,1884]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="107">P. hoogmoedi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B0BFFB04E3C23158135FF21F8B3" author="Righi, G." pageId="2" pageNumber="107" pagination="313 - 317" refId="ref7694" refString="Righi, G. (1969) A new species of Meroscolex from Suriname (Oligochaeta, Glossoscolecidae). Zoologische Mededelingen, 43, 313 - 317." type="journal article" year="1969">Righi, 1969</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
; 
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D79FFB04E3C269C8112FDA0F84C" authority="Cernosvitov, 1934" authorityName="Cernosvitov" authorityYear="1934" box="[222,595,1893,1920]" class="Clitellata" family="Glossoscolecidae" genus="Pontoscolex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="2" pageNumber="107" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="longissimus">
<emphasis id="B95FEAE8FFB04E3C269C8112FE8EF84C" box="[222,381,1894,1920]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="107">P. longissimus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B0BFFB04E3C27C68111FDA0F84C" author="Cernosvitov, L." box="[388,595,1893,1920]" pageId="2" pageNumber="107" pagination="47 - 59" refId="ref6584" refString="Cernosvitov, L. (1934) Les Oligochetes de la Guyane Francaise et d'autres pays de l'Amerique du Sud. Bulletin du Musee Nationale d'Histoire Naturelle de Paris, 2, 47 - 59." type="journal article" year="1934">Černosvitov, 1934</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
; 
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D79FFB04E3C241D8112FC7FF84C" authority="Righi, 1984" authorityName="Righi" authorityYear="1984" box="[607,908,1893,1920]" class="Clitellata" family="Glossoscolecidae" genus="Pontoscolex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="2" pageNumber="107" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="roraimensis">
<emphasis id="B95FEAE8FFB04E3C241D8112FD0CF8B3" box="[607,767,1894,1919]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="107">P. roraimensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B0BFFB04E3C25448111FC7FF84C" author="Righi, G." box="[774,908,1893,1920]" pageId="2" pageNumber="107" pagination="159 - 177" refId="ref7778" refString="Righi, G. (1984) Pontoscolex (Oligochaeta, Glossoscolecida), a new evaluation. Studies on Neotropical Fauna and Environment, 19, 159 - 177. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 01650528409360653" type="journal article" year="1984">Righi, 1984</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. Of these, the latter four species have tubercula pubertatis extending to XXVI, XXVII or XVIII, i.e. far beyond XXIII as in the new species. These four species are traditionally accomodated in the subgenus 
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D79FFB04E3C24C681DAFC56F804" authority="(Righi 1984)" baseAuthorityName="Righi" baseAuthorityYear="1984" box="[644,933,1965,1992]" class="Clitellata" family="Glossoscolecidae" genus="Meroscolex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="2" pageNumber="107" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95FEAE8FFB04E3C24C681DAFCF5F804" box="[644,774,1966,1992]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="107">Meroscolex</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B0BFFB04E3C255581D9FC6EF804" author="Righi, G." box="[791,925,1965,1992]" pageId="2" pageNumber="107" pagination="159 - 177" refId="ref7778" refString="Righi, G. (1984) Pontoscolex (Oligochaeta, Glossoscolecida), a new evaluation. Studies on Neotropical Fauna and Environment, 19, 159 - 177. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 01650528409360653" type="journal article" year="1984">Righi 1984</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. The remaining six species are traditionally accomodated in the subgenus 
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D79FFB04E3C27AB81A6FD81F820" authorityName="Schmarda" authorityYear="1861" box="[489,626,2002,2028]" class="Clitellata" family="Glossoscolecidae" genus="Pontoscolex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="2" pageNumber="107" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95FEAE8FFB04E3C27AB81A6FD81F820" box="[489,626,2002,2028]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="107">Pontoscolex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, on behalf of the posterior extension of the tubercula pubertatis to XXII or XXIII (
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B0BFFB14E3D274886EDFE7DFF7F" author="Righi, G." box="[266,398,153,179]" pageId="3" pageNumber="108" pagination="159 - 177" refId="ref7778" refString="Righi, G. (1984) Pontoscolex (Oligochaeta, Glossoscolecida), a new evaluation. Studies on Neotropical Fauna and Environment, 19, 159 - 177. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 01650528409360653" type="journal article" year="1984">Righi 1984</bibRefCitation>
), a character that also applies to 
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D79FFB14E3D254386EEFCBEFF7F" authority="Sousa &amp; Hernández-García &amp; Rousseau, 2020" authorityName="Sousa &amp; Hernández-García &amp; Rousseau" authorityYear="2020" box="[769,845,154,179]" class="Clitellata" family="Glossoscolecidae" genus="Pontoscolex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="3" pageNumber="108" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="awa" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B95FEAE8FFB14E3D254386EEFCBEFF7F" box="[769,845,154,179]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">P. awa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B95FEAE8FFB14E3D251686EDFC5CFF7F" bold="true" box="[852,943,153,179]" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26C5793FFB14E3D251686EDFC5CFF7F" box="[852,943,153,179]" pageId="3" pageNumber="108" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
These six species are distinguished from 
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D79FFB14E3D23CA86EEFF35FF1B" authority="Sousa &amp; Hernández-García &amp; Rousseau, 2020" authorityName="Sousa &amp; Hernández-García &amp; Rousseau" authorityYear="2020" class="Clitellata" family="Glossoscolecidae" genus="Pontoscolex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="3" pageNumber="108" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="awa" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B95FEAE8FFB14E3D23CA86EEFF35FF1B" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">P. awa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B95FEAE8FFB14E3D268D86C9FED9FF1B" bold="true" box="[207,298,189,215]" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26C5793FFB14E3D268D86C9FED9FF1B" box="[207,298,189,215]" pageId="3" pageNumber="108" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
by the posterior extension of the clitellum to XXIV, XXV, or XXVI (
<tableCitation id="C6A90341FFB14E3D220F86C9FB50FF1B" box="[1101,1187,189,215]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="5.[151,231,476,499]" captionText="TABLE 1. (Continued)" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">Table 1</tableCitation>
), more posterior than in 
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D79FFB14E3D26F78696FEF3FF37" authorityName="Sousa &amp; Hernández-García &amp; Rousseau" authorityYear="2020" box="[181,256,226,251]" class="Clitellata" family="Glossoscolecidae" genus="Pontoscolex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="3" pageNumber="108" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="awa">
<emphasis id="B95FEAE8FFB14E3D26F78696FEF3FF37" box="[181,256,226,251]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">P. awa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(XXIII). Other differences are as follows: 
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D79FFB14E3D24A58696FC8AFF37" box="[743,889,225,251]" class="Clitellata" family="Glossoscolecidae" genus="Pontoscolex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="3" pageNumber="108" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="pygdanieli">
<emphasis id="B95FEAE8FFB14E3D24A58696FC8AFF37" box="[743,889,225,251]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">P. pygdanieli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is much larger (length up to 
<quantity id="4CD39B1FFFB14E3D22868694FAD7FF37" box="[1220,1316,224,251]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.8" pageId="3" pageNumber="108" unit="mm" value="580.0">580 mm</quantity>
, up to 745 segments, vs. 
<quantity id="4CD39B1FFFB14E3D27758770FE40FED3" box="[311,435,260,287]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.95" metricValueMax="6.6" metricValueMin="5.3" pageId="3" pageNumber="108" unit="mm" value="59.5" valueMax="66.0" valueMin="53.0">53–66 mm</quantity>
, 219 segments); genital setae in 
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D79FFB14E3D25648772FC5BFED3" box="[806,936,261,287]" class="Clitellata" family="Glossoscolecidae" genus="Pontoscolex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="3" pageNumber="108" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="eudoxiae">
<emphasis id="B95FEAE8FFB14E3D25648772FC5BFED3" box="[806,936,261,287]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">P. eudoxiae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are up to 
<quantity id="4CD39B1FFFB14E3D225F8771FB87FED3" box="[1053,1140,261,287]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="108" unit="mm" value="0.7">0.7 mm</quantity>
long and ornamented (vs. 
<quantity id="4CD39B1FFFB14E3D26D5875CFF0EFE8F" box="[151,253,296,323]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="108" unit="mm" value="0.35">0.35 mm</quantity>
and smooth); in 
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D79FFB14E3D2782875EFD98FE8F" authorityName="Righi" authorityYear="1984" box="[448,619,298,323]" class="Clitellata" family="Glossoscolecidae" genus="Pontoscolex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="3" pageNumber="108" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="maracaensis">
<emphasis id="B95FEAE8FFB14E3D2782875EFD98FE8F" box="[448,619,298,323]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">P. maracaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the seminal vesicles extend to XXVI and the male pore is on XXI (vs. XXX–XLV, on 20/21); in 
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D79FFB14E3D27F8873AFDB1FEAB" authorityName="Righi" authorityYear="1984" box="[442,578,334,359]" class="Clitellata" family="Glossoscolecidae" genus="Pontoscolex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="3" pageNumber="108" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="nogueirai">
<emphasis id="B95FEAE8FFB14E3D27F8873AFDB1FEAB" box="[442,578,334,359]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">P. nogueirai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, seminal vesicles are absent and the tubercula pubertatis extend from 1/2XX to 1/2XXIII (vs. XIX–1/2XXII); furthermore, the species is larger (length 
<quantity id="4CD39B1FFFB14E3D25A68704FB94FE47" box="[996,1127,368,395]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.19" metricValueMax="1.45" metricValueMin="0.93" pageId="3" pageNumber="108" unit="mm" value="119.0" valueMax="145.0" valueMin="93.0">93–145mm</quantity>
, up to 302 segments); in 
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D79FFB14E3D23CA8706FF18FE63" authorityName="Borges &amp; Moreno" authorityYear="1990" class="Clitellata" family="Glossoscolecidae" genus="Pontoscolex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="3" pageNumber="108" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="spiralis">
<emphasis id="B95FEAE8FFB14E3D23CA8706FF18FE63" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">P. spiralis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the clitellum is saddle-shaped (vs. annular in the anterior part) and the seminal vesicles extend to XXIII; 
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D79FFB14E3D26D587CEFF00FE1F" authorityName="Zicsi &amp; Csuzdi" authorityYear="1999" box="[151,243,441,467]" class="Clitellata" family="Glossoscolecidae" genus="Pontoscolex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="3" pageNumber="108" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="franzi">
<emphasis id="B95FEAE8FFB14E3D26D587CEFF00FE1F" box="[151,243,441,467]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">P. franzi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is also larger (length 
<quantity id="4CD39B1FFFB14E3D27A487CDFD83FE1F" box="[486,624,441,467]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.06" metricValueMax="1.2" metricValueMin="0.9199999999999999" pageId="3" pageNumber="108" unit="mm" value="106.0" valueMax="120.0" valueMin="92.0">92–120 mm</quantity>
), the citellum is annular (vs. saddle-shaped in the posterior part), and the tubercula pubertatis begin in segment XX (vs. XIX). 
<tableCitation id="C6A90341FFB14E3D24AE87A9FCCCFE3B" box="[748,831,477,503]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="5.[151,231,476,499]" captionText="TABLE 1. (Continued)" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">Table 1</tableCitation>
gives an overview of taxonomically useful characters in species of 
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D79FFB14E3D27688475FE40FDD7" authorityName="Schmarda" authorityYear="1861" box="[298,435,513,539]" class="Clitellata" family="Glossoscolecidae" genus="Pontoscolex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="3" pageNumber="108" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95FEAE8FFB14E3D27688475FE40FDD7" box="[298,435,513,539]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">Pontoscolex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9436FAFFB14E3D26858451FE92FC4F" blockId="3.[151,1437,153,899]" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D79FFB14E3D26858451FEA3FDF3" authorityName="Schmarda" authorityYear="1861" box="[199,336,549,575]" class="Clitellata" family="Glossoscolecidae" genus="Pontoscolex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="3" pageNumber="108" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95FEAE8FFB14E3D26858451FEA3FDF3" box="[199,336,549,575]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">Pontoscolex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is currently subdivided into three subgenera, 
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D79FFB14E3D25098451FC27FDF3" authorityName="Schmarda" authorityYear="1861" box="[843,980,549,575]" class="Clitellata" family="Glossoscolecidae" genus="Pontoscolex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="3" pageNumber="108" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95FEAE8FFB14E3D25098451FC27FDF3" box="[843,980,549,575]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">Pontoscolex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(17 species), 
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D79FFB14E3D222C8451FB03FDF3" baseAuthorityName="Righi" baseAuthorityYear="1984" box="[1134,1264,549,575]" class="Clitellata" family="Glossoscolecidae" genus="Meroscolex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="3" pageNumber="108" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95FEAE8FFB14E3D222C8451FB03FDF3" box="[1134,1264,549,575]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">Meroscolex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(4 species) and 
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D79FFB14E3D26D5843DFEE9FDAF" authorityName="Borges &amp; Moreno" authorityYear="1990" box="[151,282,585,611]" class="Oligochaeta" genus="Mesoscolex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="3" pageNumber="108" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95FEAE8FFB14E3D26D5843DFEE9FDAF" box="[151,282,585,611]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">Mesoscolex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. (1 species). Subgenus 
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D79FFB14E3D2464843DFD5CFDAF" authorityName="Schmarda" authorityYear="1861" box="[550,687,585,611]" class="Clitellata" family="Glossoscolecidae" genus="Pontoscolex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="3" pageNumber="108" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95FEAE8FFB14E3D2464843DFD5CFDAF" box="[550,687,585,611]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">Pontoscolex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is distinguished from the other two by the anterior location of the tubercula pubertatis from XIX–XXI on (vs. from XXIV in 
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D79FFB14E3D25728419FC41FD4B" baseAuthorityName="Righi" baseAuthorityYear="1984" box="[816,946,621,647]" class="Clitellata" family="Glossoscolecidae" genus="Meroscolex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="3" pageNumber="108" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95FEAE8FFB14E3D25728419FC41FD4B" box="[816,946,621,647]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">Meroscolex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and XXVI in 
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D79FFB14E3D22168419FB24FD4B" authorityName="Borges &amp; Moreno" authorityYear="1990" box="[1108,1239,621,647]" class="Oligochaeta" genus="Mesoscolex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="3" pageNumber="108" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95FEAE8FFB14E3D22168419FB24FD4B" box="[1108,1239,621,647]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">Mesoscolex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and by the location of the male pores in 19/20–XXII (vs. XXIV and XXVIII, respectively) (
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B0BFFB14E3D25B284E5FB77FD67" author="Borges, S." box="[1008,1156,657,683]" pageId="3" pageNumber="108" pagination="1207 - 1211" refId="ref6383" refString="Borges, S. (1992) A tentative phylogenetic analysis of the genus Pontoscolex (Oligochaeta: Glossoscolecidae). Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 24, 1207 - 1211. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / 0038 - 0717 (92) 90095 - F" type="journal article" year="1992">Borges 1992</bibRefCitation>
). Further characters used previously to distinguish the taxa (
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B0BFFB14E3D245F84C0FD18FD03" author="Cernosvitov, L." box="[541,747,692,719]" pageId="3" pageNumber="108" pagination="1 - 36" refId="ref6620" refString="Cernosvitov, L. (1935) Oligochaeten aus dem tropischen Sud-Amerika. Capita Zoologica, 6 (1), 1 - 36." type="journal article" year="1935">Černosvitov 1935</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B0BFFB14E3D24B584C1FC85FD03" author="Righi, G." box="[759,886,693,719]" pageId="3" pageNumber="108" pagination="159 - 177" refId="ref7778" refString="Righi, G. (1984) Pontoscolex (Oligochaeta, Glossoscolecida), a new evaluation. Studies on Neotropical Fauna and Environment, 19, 159 - 177. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 01650528409360653" type="journal article" year="1984">Righi 1984</bibRefCitation>
) had to be discarded because of non-exclusivity. For example, all species of 
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D79FFB14E3D278C84ADFD01FD3F" authority="" box="[462,754,729,755]" class="Clitellata" family="Glossoscolecidae" genus="Pontoscolex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="3" pageNumber="108" phylum="Annelida" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Meroscolex">
<emphasis id="B95FEAE8FFB14E3D278C84ADFDA4FD3F" box="[462,599,729,755]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">Pontoscolex</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B95FEAE8FFB14E3D242584ADFD1AFD3F" box="[615,745,729,755]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">Meroscolex</emphasis>
)
</taxonomicName>
have posterior setae in regular rows, but the same applies to some species of 
<emphasis id="B95FEAE8FFB14E3D2709848AFE92FCDB" box="[331,353,766,791]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">P.</emphasis>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D79FFB14E3D272D8489FE0BFCDB" authorityName="Schmarda" authorityYear="1861" box="[367,504,765,791]" class="Clitellata" family="Glossoscolecidae" genus="Pontoscolex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="3" pageNumber="108" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95FEAE8FFB14E3D272D8489FE0BFCDB" box="[367,504,765,791]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">Pontoscolex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) (see above). On the other hand, the conspicuous quincunx arrangement of posterior setae is found in subgenus 
<emphasis id="B95FEAE8FFB14E3D27888556FE28FCF7" box="[458,475,802,827]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">P</emphasis>
. (
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D79FFB14E3D27B18555FD8FFCF7" authorityName="Schmarda" authorityYear="1861" box="[499,636,801,827]" class="Clitellata" family="Glossoscolecidae" genus="Pontoscolex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="3" pageNumber="108" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95FEAE8FFB14E3D27B18555FD8FFCF7" box="[499,636,801,827]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">Pontoscolex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), but 
<emphasis id="B95FEAE8FFB14E3D24828556FD25FCF7" box="[704,726,802,827]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">P.</emphasis>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D79FFB14E3D24A48555FC9AFCF7" authorityName="Borges &amp; Moreno" authorityYear="1990" box="[742,873,801,827]" class="Oligochaeta" genus="Mesoscolex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="3" pageNumber="108" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95FEAE8FFB14E3D24A48555FC9AFCF7" box="[742,873,801,827]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">Mesoscolex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) also has irregular arrangement of posterior setae (comp. 
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B0BFFB14E3D26AE8531FE7BFC93" author="Moreno, A. G." box="[236,392,837,863]" pageId="3" pageNumber="108" pagination="59 - 73" refId="ref7483" refString="Moreno, A. G. (2004) Quien es Pontoscolex (Pontoscolex) corethrurus (Muller, 1857) (Annelida: Glossoscolecidae)? In: Moreno, A. G. (Ed.), Avances en taxonomia de lombrices de tierra. Editorial Complutense, Madrid, pp. 59 - 73." type="book chapter" year="2004">Moreno 2004</bibRefCitation>
). As mentioned above, 
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D79FFB14E3D24C88532FD27FC93" authority="Sousa &amp; Hernández-García &amp; Rousseau, 2020" authorityName="Sousa &amp; Hernández-García &amp; Rousseau" authorityYear="2020" box="[650,724,838,863]" class="Clitellata" family="Glossoscolecidae" genus="Pontoscolex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="3" pageNumber="108" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="awa" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B95FEAE8FFB14E3D24C88532FD27FC93" box="[650,724,838,863]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">P. awa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B95FEAE8FFB14E3D24988531FCC1FC93" bold="true" box="[730,818,837,863]" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26C5793FFB14E3D24988531FCC1FC93" box="[730,818,837,863]" pageId="3" pageNumber="108" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, although with regular setae, fits perfectly in 
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D79FFB14E3D23698532FEAFFC4F" authority="(Pontoscolex)" class="Clitellata" family="Glossoscolecidae" genus="Pontoscolex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="3" pageNumber="108" phylum="Annelida" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Pontoscolex">
<emphasis id="B95FEAE8FFB14E3D23698532FF4BFC4F" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">Pontoscolex</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B95FEAE8FFB14E3D268A851DFEA2FC4F" box="[200,337,873,899]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="108">Pontoscolex</emphasis>
)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>