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<document id="30AA0306A21C6B9BC8C6A36503C8E45B" ID-CLB-Dataset="305605" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.7399446" ID-GBIF-Dataset="daf38276-4ec4-47fd-aae7-f5b421e2d9ed" ID-ISSN="1942-1354" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7399446" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="carolina" checkinTime="1670239540420" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Brockmann, Ernst, Zhang, Jing, Cong, Qian &amp; Grishin, Nick V." docDate="2022" docId="03825E6DFFDDFFC5C0D9FAF4FE7DFA43" docLanguage="en" docName="InsectaMundi.2022.0957.1-8.pdf" docOrigin="Insecta Mundi 2022 (957)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:F9976E9B7F8A094D890004515A7A0592.4:InsectaMundi.2020-.journal_article" docStyleId="F9976E9B7F8A094D890004515A7A0592" docStyleName="InsectaMundi.2020-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Gemmia buechei Brockmann and Grishin 2022, new genus and new species" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="4" masterDocId="FFBB2615FFDEFFC0C019FF8BFFE7FFD9" masterDocTitle="Genomics reveals a new genus and species from a single female specimen (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae: Hesperiinae: Hesperiini: Moncina)" masterLastPageNumber="8" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="2" updateTime="1732826682627" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-3.0">
<mods:mods id="D1D343FDA833376910D66097AF2607AE" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="8E5AED4B1856F5B40032941563192CA0">
<mods:title id="0B7867163BD3EAA12663D314AF47EDE3">Genomics reveals a new genus and species from a single female specimen (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae: Hesperiinae: Hesperiini: Moncina)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="D790638061CA4308CDCA03E916F34BDA" type="personal">
<mods:role id="BBA7F0EAD3DCFDE67675C87D9C92ADBD">
<mods:roleTerm id="C39FDD802B722E66BB8A900698A36227">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="30E55ADC2F986B6B201121724200A785">Brockmann, Ernst</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="8F781FCCA1B742B2482B733A2FF91A16">Laubacher Str. 4, 35423 Lich, Hessen, Germany</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="718C3D7F259C6EDCF419D07108E7A28E" type="personal">
<mods:role id="EA2F7CA8BFAC6104AA919E4D8213A57A">
<mods:roleTerm id="BBAA5E643A2C67BF603D9085D01740F4">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="5287CBE120EB5E8E927FBE3DA912DB56">Zhang, Jing</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="12771721E8D25A303BB2D45C045D22ED">McDermott Center for Human Growth and Development and Department of Biophysics University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX, 75390 - 8816 USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="2E832E5147173762BF95957AD5A3E3DB" type="personal">
<mods:role id="4241CA8DB2124AE86EA9F2DA1B66C6B4">
<mods:roleTerm id="25F7F2128403B30387884D08BB7F1F79">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="03E55D2C3E3CF39CAD96D619D2087203">Cong, Qian</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="89222C67F97B97D1A4A1A2A249C23604">McDermott Center for Human Growth and Development and Department of Biophysics University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX, 75390 - 8816 USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="28C6E5D3266F8CB1C129B1E4CEF0B224" type="personal">
<mods:role id="CC49DE595FB3CA45E58718C8702A7AF0">
<mods:roleTerm id="F84F0B7D34B6A943141C86A08AB33F94">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="6155B904835AF50097438DC8F23D139D">Grishin, Nick V.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="27EDC5562C4A627F7FB775AA9E42523B">Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Departments of Biophysics and Biochemistry University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX, 75390 - 9050 USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="7879D69FAC4B96B2C290DEB1894B8CBA">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="169D71FB6AFE4F5090262C2ED8C6B337" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="70D7FD355DEE92D195697B47D65DCBBA">
<mods:title id="34EF7AE8F4CA0568B984E96BBDD8193E">Insecta Mundi</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="022E400B2232A22791DC0FE1E503895D">
<mods:date id="C297F924BA78208F36B8E5714D289C90">2022</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="688814C8502F40345B2AAA3F4008C250" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="4A7F10152C7C0D528B0B1D4E347C4F7F">2022-10-14</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="1AEE3144FF6FF25F3A1AFE51D907CADF" type="volume">
<mods:number id="8658F3936AEB1403DF89C9B2CD1E488B">2022</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="D61FC71498D50603B19FAFFA43E8F2B6" type="issue">
<mods:number id="92BBCE2AA3956108B523050785A8AB13">957</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="9CBFFC8D6F480785A49465FD99337B95">1</mods:start>
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<mods:identifier id="4723E61604283064EE5977812B59C2F8" type="CLB-Dataset">305605</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="9CE0638A2B683F5D92AA174C6D1210D6" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.7399446</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="C338829F19E6EBF185EC1342226FD4EF" type="GBIF-Dataset">daf38276-4ec4-47fd-aae7-f5b421e2d9ed</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="F376F45BB398C525ED94F39AA24BA0B7" type="ISSN">1942-1354</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="EBB96932F3558218BFE8F4A0618D3EEB" type="Zenodo-Dep">7399446</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03825E6DFFDDFFC5C0D9FAF4FE7DFA43" ID-GBIF-Taxon="247802318" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03825E6DFFDDFFC5C0D9FAF4FE7DFA43" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03825E6DFFDDFFC5C0D9FAF4FE7DFA43" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" scope_family="Hesperiidae" scope_order="Lepidoptera" scope_subFamily="Hesperiinae">
<subSubSection id="C331BCF0FFDDFFC3C0D9FAF4FBD1FA45" box="[192,1078,1407,1436]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B94EF7BFFDDFFC3C0D9FAF4FBD1FA45" blockId="3.[192,1078,1407,1504]" box="[192,1078,1407,1436]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">
<emphasis id="B95F3369FFDDFFC3C0D9FAF4FBD1FA45" bold="true" box="[192,1078,1407,1436]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">
<taxonomicName id="4C2B94F8FFDDFFC3C0D9FAF4FD34FA45" authority="Brockmann and Grishin" authorityName="Brockmann and Grishin" authorityYear="2022" box="[192,723,1407,1436]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Gemmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="buechei" status="new genus and new species">
<emphasis id="B95F3369FFDDFFC3C0D9FAF4FE75FA45" bold="true" box="[192,402,1407,1436]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">Gemmia buechei</emphasis>
Brockmann and Grishin
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26C8E12FFDDFFC3C2C6FAF4FBD1FA45" box="[735,1078,1407,1436]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" rank="species">new genus and new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C331BCF0FFDDFFC3C0D9FA28FC48FA39" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B94EF7BFFDDFFC3C0D9FA28FC48FA39" blockId="3.[192,1078,1407,1504]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">
https://zoobank.org/
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https://zoobank.org/
<uuid id="FF8DD5AEFFDDFFC3C1BBFA4EFC48FA39" box="[418,943,1477,1504]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">66B847C1-C51D-450B-939B-0938D7AE7A5B</uuid>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C331BCF0FFDDFFC3C0D9FA64FEDFF8C0" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8B94EF7BFFDDFFC3C0D9FA64FEDFF8C0" blockId="3.[192,1442,1519,1817]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">
<emphasis id="B95F3369FFDDFFC3C0D9FA64FDF6F9D0" bold="true" box="[192,529,1519,1545]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">Diagnosis of the new genus.</emphasis>
Differs from close relatives, such as
<taxonomicName id="4C2B94F8FFDDFFC3C3A2FA64FBC0F9D0" authorityName="Hubner" authorityYear="1819" box="[955,1063,1519,1545]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Phlebodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95F3369FFDDFFC3C3A2FA64FBC0F9D0" box="[955,1063,1519,1545]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">Phlebodes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C2B94F8FFDDFFC3C47DFA64FB4EF9D0" authorityName="Grishin" authorityYear="2019" box="[1124,1193,1519,1545]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Dubia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95F3369FFDDFFC3C47DFA64FB4EF9D0" box="[1124,1193,1519,1545]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">Dubia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, by ventral hindwing pale spots in cells M
<subScript id="17AFED3EFFDDFFC3C1B2F9A8FE54F9E8" attach="left" box="[427,435,1571,1585]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">1</subScript>
-M
<subScript id="17AFED3EFFDDFFC3C1CFF9A8FE39F9E8" attach="left" box="[470,478,1571,1585]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">2</subScript>
and M
<subScript id="17AFED3EFFDDFFC3C22BF9A8FDDDF9E8" attach="left" box="[562,570,1571,1585]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">2</subScript>
-M
<subScript id="17AFED3EFFDDFFC3C244F9A8FD82F9E8" attach="left" box="[605,613,1571,1585]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">3</subScript>
being offset towards wing base, not aligned with other spots in postdiscal row; in female genitalia, ductus bursae with bursa copulatrix longer, reaching thorax, sterigma longer, and more expanded in its anterior portion, with rounder sides. Due to the lack of males and monotypic composition of the genus, it is best diagnosed by a combination of the following DNA characters: lac704.5.28:T96C, lac7147.4.1:C46A, lac884.3.3:A590T, lac221.9.2:A233A (not G), lac886.16.8:C464C (not A), lac49.46.10:G109G (not A), lac357.30.3:G1355G (not A), lac1895.5.35:T37T (not A), lac
<date id="FF95C9BBFFDDFFC3C3DDF931FBC5F90D" box="[964,1058,1722,1748]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" value="1416-02-01">1416.2.1</date>
:A449A (not G), lac580.72.1:T75T (not C), lac3441.2.1:A436A (not G), and lac886.16.8:T1215T (not C). See Appendix 1 for abbreviations and sequences.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C331BCF0FFDDFFC4C0D9F8A3FBC1F8EA" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B94EF7BFFDDFFC4C0D9F8A3FBC1F8EA" blockId="3.[192,1442,1832,1927]" lastBlockId="4.[192,1442,1582,1843]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">
<emphasis id="B95F3369FFDDFFC3C0D9F8A3FDC5F89B" bold="true" box="[192,546,1832,1858]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2">Description of the new genus.</emphasis>
We hypothesize that the following characters may be shared among species of the genus. Medium-sized, forewing length around
<quantity id="4CD3429EFFDDFFC3C2ECF8C1FCA0F8BC" box="[757,839,1866,1893]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="2" unit="mm" value="20.0">20 mm</quantity>
. Body brown, abdominal sternites with a median dark line, paler on either side of this line, especially in the distal half where they are overscaled with cream-colored scales. Antennae about half of forewing length, dark-brown, ventrally pale near the club, nudum brown. Wings brown, could be with pale spots, ventral side brighter colored, with rusty, orange, and yellow scales and white or pearly spots. In female genitalia (
<figureCitation id="1310F3FEFFDAFFC4C24DF9FAFD46F952" box="[596,673,1649,1675]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="4.[192,268,1189,1215]" captionTargetBox="[199,1436,223,1156]" captionTargetId="figure-314@4.[192,1440,213,1160]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 1. The holotype and phylogenetic placement of Gemmia buechei Brockmann and Grishin, gen. n., sp. n. a) Dorsal and b) Ventral views of the holotype, female, NVG-18066C02, from Peru: San Martin, additional data are in the text. c) Genitalia in ventral view, enlarged sterigma in ventral and right ventrolateral views: left, middle and right, respectively. d) Phylogenetic tree constructed from protein-coding regions of the Z chromosome: statistical support values (bootstrap fractions) are shown by the nodes, numbers after species names refer to DNA samples. Scale bars are shown by the images. For the tree, the unit is the estimated number of base pair substitutions per position (i.e., the scale bar corresponds to 2 substitutions per 100 positions). We sequenced a syntype of Megistias carinna Schaus, 1902, a name currently considered a junior subjective synonym of Lurida lurida (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869), thus the notation Lurida lurida (=carinna)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7399450" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7399450/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">Fig. 1c</figureCitation>
), ductus bursae with bursa copulatrix very long, spanning the entire abdomen up to thorax, no signa, ductus gradually thickening towards bursa; ductus bursae ventrally sclerotized by sterigma, ductus seminalis connecting near sterigma, around the sclerotized area; sterigma expanded, nearly rectangular with concave sides in ventral view and on each side with a lateral ridge rounded caudad and protruding past lamella antevaginalis; lamella postvaginalis notched in the middle, on the sides connected through the expanded ridge to mostly convex, straight in the middle lamella antevaginalis.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF54BFF3FFDAFFC4C0D9FB2EFBE3FA14" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7399450" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7399450" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7399450/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" startId="4.[192,268,1189,1215]" targetBox="[199,1436,223,1156]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="8B94EF7BFFDAFFC4C0D9FB2EFBE3FA14" blockId="4.[192,1442,1189,1485]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis id="B95F3369FFDAFFC4C0D9FB2EFECCFB66" bold="true" box="[192,299,1189,1215]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">Figure 1.</emphasis>
The holotype and phylogenetic placement of
<taxonomicName id="4C2B94F8FFDAFFC4C323FB2DFAF0FB19" authority="Brockmann and Grishin" authorityName="Brockmann and Grishin" authorityYear="2022" box="[826,1303,1190,1216]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Gemmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="buechei" status="gen. n., sp. n.">
<emphasis id="B95F3369FFDAFFC4C323FB2DFC13FB19" box="[826,1012,1190,1216]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">Gemmia buechei</emphasis>
Brockmann and Grishin
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26C8E12FFDAFFC4C53DFB2DFF31FB3B" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" rank="species">gen. n., sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<emphasis id="B95F3369FFDAFFC4C0C7FB4CFF12FB38" bold="true" box="[222,245,1223,1249]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">a)</emphasis>
Dorsal and
<emphasis id="B95F3369FFDAFFC4C19CFB4CFE7AFB38" bold="true" box="[389,413,1223,1249]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">b)</emphasis>
Ventral views of the holotype, female, NVG-18066C02, from Peru: San Martin, additional data are in the text.
<emphasis id="B95F3369FFDAFFC4C1BAFB63FE5EFADB" bold="true" box="[419,441,1256,1282]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">c)</emphasis>
Genitalia in ventral view, enlarged sterigma in ventral and right ventrolateral views: left, middle and right, respectively.
<emphasis id="B95F3369FFDAFFC4C207FA81FDD0FAFD" bold="true" box="[542,567,1290,1316]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">d)</emphasis>
Phylogenetic tree constructed from protein-coding regions of the Z chromosome: statistical support values (bootstrap fractions) are shown by the nodes, numbers after species names refer to DNA samples. Scale bars are shown by the images. For the tree, the unit is the estimated number of base pair substitutions per position (i.e., the scale bar corresponds to 2 substitutions per 100 positions). We sequenced a syntype of
<taxonomicName id="4C2B94F8FFDAFFC4C127FA19FD7DFA72" authority="Schaus, 1902" authorityName="Schaus" authorityYear="1902" box="[318,666,1425,1451]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Megistias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carinna">
<emphasis id="B95F3369FFDAFFC4C127FA19FDE7FA72" box="[318,512,1426,1451]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">Megistias carinna</emphasis>
Schaus, 1902
</taxonomicName>
, a name currently considered a junior subjective synonym of
<taxonomicName id="4C2B94F8FFDAFFC4C54EFA1AFDFCFA15" authority="(Herrich-Schaffer, 1869)" baseAuthorityName="Herrich-Schaffer" baseAuthorityYear="1869" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Lurida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lurida">
<emphasis id="B95F3369FFDAFFC4C54EFA1AFEE4FA15" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">Lurida lurida</emphasis>
(Herrich-Schäffer, 1869)
</taxonomicName>
, thus the notation
<emphasis id="B95F3369FFDAFFC4C2F5FA39FC19FA14" box="[748,1022,1458,1485]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">
<taxonomicName id="4C2B94F8FFDAFFC4C2F5FA39FC67FA15" baseAuthorityName="Herrich-Schaffer" baseAuthorityYear="1869" box="[748,896,1458,1484]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Lurida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lurida">Lurida lurida</taxonomicName>
(=
<taxonomicName id="4C2B94F8FFDAFFC4C387FA38FC11FA14" authorityName="Schaus" authorityYear="1902" box="[926,1014,1459,1485]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Megistias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carinna">carinna</taxonomicName>
)
</emphasis>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C331BCF0FFDAFFC4C0D9F8C8FC2FF884" box="[192,968,1858,1885]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" type="type_taxon">
<paragraph id="8B94EF7BFFDAFFC4C0D9F8C8FC2FF884" blockId="4.[192,968,1858,1885]" box="[192,968,1858,1885]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis id="B95F3369FFDAFFC4C0D9F8C8FEBEF885" bold="true" box="[192,345,1858,1885]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">
<typeStatus id="549051D9FFDAFFC4C0D9F8C8FF1EF884" box="[192,249,1859,1885]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">Type</typeStatus>
species.
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C2B94F8FFDAFFC4C146F8C8FCD7F885" authority="Brockmann and Grishin" authorityName="Brockmann and Grishin" authorityYear="2022" box="[351,816,1858,1885]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Gemmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="buechei" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B95F3369FFDAFFC4C146F8C8FDF1F885" box="[351,534,1858,1885]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">Gemmia buechei</emphasis>
Brockmann and Grishin
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="B95F3369FFDAFFC4C323F8C8FC25F885" bold="true" box="[826,962,1858,1885]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26C8E12FFDAFFC4C323F8C8FC25F885" box="[826,962,1858,1885]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C331BCF0FFDAFFC4C0D9F8E7FCF0F85F" box="[192,791,1900,1927]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" type="taxon_list">
<paragraph id="8B94EF7BFFDAFFC4C0D9F8E7FCF0F85F" blockId="4.[192,791,1900,1927]" box="[192,791,1900,1927]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis id="B95F3369FFDAFFC4C0D9F8E7FDFBF85F" bold="true" box="[192,540,1900,1926]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">Species included in the genus.</emphasis>
Only the
<typeStatus id="549051D9FFDAFFC4C292F8E6FD5CF85E" box="[651,699,1901,1927]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">type</typeStatus>
species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C331BCF0FFDBFFC5C0D9FF5DFC69FF29" box="[192,910,213,240]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" type="multiple">
<paragraph id="8B94EF7BFFDBFFC5C0D9FF5DFC69FF29" blockId="5.[192,910,213,240]" box="[192,910,213,240]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">
<emphasis id="B95F3369FFDBFFC5C0D9FF5DFE1DFF29" bold="true" box="[192,506,213,240]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Parent taxon for the genus.</emphasis>
Subtribe
<taxonomicName id="4C2B94F8FFDBFFC5C27CFF5DFC6DFF29" authority="A. Warren, 2008" authorityName="A. Warren" authorityYear="2008" box="[613,906,214,240]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Moncina">Moncina A. Warren, 2008</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C331BCF0FFDBFFC5C0D9FF74FBFAFEE2" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8B94EF7BFFDBFFC5C0D9FF74FBFAFEE2" blockId="5.[192,1440,255,315]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">
<emphasis id="B95F3369FFDBFFC5C0D9FF74FDF2FEC0" bold="true" box="[192,533,255,281]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Diagnosis of the new species.</emphasis>
This mostly brown species is identified by nine or ten pearly spots on the ventral hindwing outlining an inverted heart pattern on a rusty-colored background.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C331BCF0FFDBFFC5C0D9FEC1FC2DFBF6" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B94EF7BFFDBFFC5C0D9FEC1FCC3FD21" blockId="5.[191,1441,330,760]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">
<emphasis id="B95F3369FFDBFFC5C0D9FEC1FDC4FEBD" bold="true" box="[192,547,330,357]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Description of the new species.</emphasis>
Female: (n=1,
<figureCitation id="1310F3FEFFDBFFC5C2DDFEC1FCC5FEBD" box="[708,802,330,356]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="4.[192,268,1189,1215]" captionTargetBox="[199,1436,223,1156]" captionTargetId="figure-314@4.[192,1440,213,1160]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 1. The holotype and phylogenetic placement of Gemmia buechei Brockmann and Grishin, gen. n., sp. n. a) Dorsal and b) Ventral views of the holotype, female, NVG-18066C02, from Peru: San Martin, additional data are in the text. c) Genitalia in ventral view, enlarged sterigma in ventral and right ventrolateral views: left, middle and right, respectively. d) Phylogenetic tree constructed from protein-coding regions of the Z chromosome: statistical support values (bootstrap fractions) are shown by the nodes, numbers after species names refer to DNA samples. Scale bars are shown by the images. For the tree, the unit is the estimated number of base pair substitutions per position (i.e., the scale bar corresponds to 2 substitutions per 100 positions). We sequenced a syntype of Megistias carinna Schaus, 1902, a name currently considered a junior subjective synonym of Lurida lurida (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869), thus the notation Lurida lurida (=carinna)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7399450" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7399450/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Fig. 1a,b</figureCitation>
) right forewing length (wing base to apex)
<quantity id="4CD3429EFFDBFFC5C4EFFEC0FAA3FEBC" box="[1270,1348,331,357]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" unit="mm" value="19.0">19 mm</quantity>
in
<typeStatus id="549051D9FFDBFFC5C57DFEC1FF14FE5E" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
. Palpi missing in the
<typeStatus id="549051D9FFDBFFC5C1C2FEE7FDA7FE5F" box="[475,576,364,390]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
. Fringes brown. Dorsally, wings dark chocolate brown, forewing with traces of pale subapical spots, costal area of hindwing paler. Ventrally, rust-brown to chestnut colored, with darker, nearly black-brown discal forewing area and paler, yellowish submarginal areas of wing and planer brown areas towards inner margins of both wings (except hindwing cell 3A rust-brown); forewing with 3 subapical pearly spots in a straight line and thickening from costa towards outer margin from a dash to nearly round, and a faint spot (patch of pearly scales) in the middle of cell M
<subScript id="17AFED3EFFDBFFC5C261FDACFD67FDEC" attach="left" box="[632,640,551,565]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">3</subScript>
-CuA
<subScript id="17AFED3EFFDBFFC5C2A6FDACFD20FDEC" attach="left" box="[703,711,551,565]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">1</subScript>
; hindwing with ten large, mostly elongated pearly spots arranged to outline an inverted heart pattern: triplet of spots towards base, weakest (nearly missing on left hindwing) in cell CuA
<subScript id="17AFED3EFFDBFFC5C0EDFDE1FF1BFDA1" attach="right" box="[244,252,618,632]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">2</subScript>
-1A+2A, and heptad in postdiscal area arranged to form “3” on left wing, pattern alternatively described as two spot (one near base and one in outer half) in each of cells Sc+R
<subScript id="17AFED3EFFDBFFC5C3B7FD00FC51FD40" attach="left" box="[942,950,651,665]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">1</subScript>
-RS and CuA
<subScript id="17AFED3EFFDBFFC5C453FD00FBB5FD40" attach="right" box="[1098,1106,651,665]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">2</subScript>
-1A+2A, and one spot in each of cells: discal (in distal, posterior area), RS-M
<subScript id="17AFED3EFFDBFFC5C2A7FD26FD21FD62" attach="left" box="[702,710,685,699]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">1</subScript>
, M
<subScript id="17AFED3EFFDBFFC5C2F2FD26FD14FD62" attach="left" box="[747,755,685,699]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">1</subScript>
-M
<subScript id="17AFED3EFFDBFFC5C30FFD26FCF9FD62" attach="left" box="[790,798,685,699]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">2</subScript>
, M
<subScript id="17AFED3EFFDBFFC5C35AFD26FCACFD62" attach="left" box="[835,843,685,699]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">2</subScript>
-M
<subScript id="17AFED3EFFDBFFC5C377FD26FC91FD62" attach="left" box="[878,886,685,699]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">3</subScript>
, M
<subScript id="17AFED3EFFDBFFC5C382FD26FC44FD62" attach="left" box="[923,931,685,699]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">3</subScript>
-CuA
<subScript id="17AFED3EFFDBFFC5C3F8FD26FC0EFD62" attach="left" box="[993,1001,685,699]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">1</subScript>
, and CuA
<subScript id="17AFED3EFFDBFFC5C440FD26FB86FD62" attach="left" box="[1113,1121,685,699]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">1</subScript>
-CuA
<subScript id="17AFED3EFFDBFFC5C486FD26FB40FD62" attach="left" box="[1183,1191,685,699]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">2</subScript>
. For genitalia description (
<figureCitation id="1310F3FEFFDBFFC5C0E2FD37FEA1FD0F" box="[251,326,700,726]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="4.[192,268,1189,1215]" captionTargetBox="[199,1436,223,1156]" captionTargetId="figure-314@4.[192,1440,213,1160]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 1. The holotype and phylogenetic placement of Gemmia buechei Brockmann and Grishin, gen. n., sp. n. a) Dorsal and b) Ventral views of the holotype, female, NVG-18066C02, from Peru: San Martin, additional data are in the text. c) Genitalia in ventral view, enlarged sterigma in ventral and right ventrolateral views: left, middle and right, respectively. d) Phylogenetic tree constructed from protein-coding regions of the Z chromosome: statistical support values (bootstrap fractions) are shown by the nodes, numbers after species names refer to DNA samples. Scale bars are shown by the images. For the tree, the unit is the estimated number of base pair substitutions per position (i.e., the scale bar corresponds to 2 substitutions per 100 positions). We sequenced a syntype of Megistias carinna Schaus, 1902, a name currently considered a junior subjective synonym of Lurida lurida (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869), thus the notation Lurida lurida (=carinna)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7399450" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7399450/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Fig. 1c</figureCitation>
) see description of the genus above, because we hypothesize that they would be mostly similar for all species in this genus. Male: unknown or unrecognized.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B94EF7BFFDBFFC5C0D9FC8CFE61FC9A" blockId="5.[192,1440,775,836]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">
<emphasis id="B95F3369FFDBFFC5C0D9FC8CFECFFCF8" bold="true" box="[192,296,775,801]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Barcode.</emphasis>
The COI barcode sequence of the
<typeStatus id="549051D9FFDBFFC5C2A9FC8CFCF5FCF8" box="[688,786,775,801]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
(sample NVG-18066C02, GenBank accession
<accessionNumber id="94787298FFDBFFC5C506FC8CFA7BFCFB" box="[1311,1436,775,802]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/ON256154" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">ON256154</accessionNumber>
, 658 base pairs) is:
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B94EF7BFFDBFFC5C0D9FCDFFC2DFBF6" blockId="5.[192,1441,852,1071]" box="[192,1441,852,1071]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">AACTTTATATTTTATTTTTGGAATTTGAGCAGGAATATTAGGAACATCCTTAAGTTTATTAATTCGTACAGAATTAGGAAATCCAGG TTCTTTAATTGGCGATGATCAAATTTATAATACTATCGTAACAGCTCATGCATTTATTATAATTTTTTTTATAGTAATACCTATTA TAATTGGGGGATTTGGTAATTGATTAGTTCCATTAATATTAGGAGCCCCTGATATAGCTTTCCCCCGAATAAATAACATAAGATTT TGAATATTACCCCCATCCTTAATATTATTAATCTCAAGAAGAATTGTAGAAAATGGTGCAGGAACAGGATGAACTGTATATCCCCC TCTTTCCTCTAATATTGCTCATCAAGGAGCATCTGTTGACTTAGCAATTTTTTCCTTACATTTAGCTGGAATTTCTTCTATTTTAG GAGCTATTAACTTTATTACTACAATTATCAATATACGAATTAGAAATTTAGCATTCGATCAAATACCTTTATTTGTCTGATCAGTAG GTATTACTGCATTATTATTACTTTTATCTTTACCTGTATTAGCTGGAGCTATTACTATATTATTAACTGATCGAAATTTAAATACA TCATTTTTTGATCCTGCTGGAGGAGGAGATCCTATTTTATATCAACATTTATTT</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C331BCF0FFDBFFC5C0D9FBCAFCD1FAD2" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B94EF7BFFDBFFC5C0D9FBCAFC16FB3B" blockId="5.[192,1440,1089,1250]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">
<emphasis id="B95F3369FFDBFFC5C0D9FBCAFEECFB82" bold="true" box="[192,267,1089,1115]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Types.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B43E526FFDBFFC5C10CFBCAFC16FB3B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4986741301" collectingDate="2012-04" collectorName="Nick V. Grishin" country="Peru" county="Ernst Brockmann" elevation="1650" location="San Martin" municipality="Lich" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="San Martin" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="549051D9FFDBFFC5C10CFBCAFE9AFB82" box="[277,381,1089,1115]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
<specimenCount id="9D2D24F2FFDBFFC5C19FFBCAFE7CFB82" box="[390,411,1089,1115]" count="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
(
<figureCitation id="1310F3FEFFDBFFC5C1B4FBCAFE09FB82" box="[429,494,1089,1115]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="4.[192,268,1189,1215]" captionTargetBox="[199,1436,223,1156]" captionTargetId="figure-314@4.[192,1440,213,1160]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 1. The holotype and phylogenetic placement of Gemmia buechei Brockmann and Grishin, gen. n., sp. n. a) Dorsal and b) Ventral views of the holotype, female, NVG-18066C02, from Peru: San Martin, additional data are in the text. c) Genitalia in ventral view, enlarged sterigma in ventral and right ventrolateral views: left, middle and right, respectively. d) Phylogenetic tree constructed from protein-coding regions of the Z chromosome: statistical support values (bootstrap fractions) are shown by the nodes, numbers after species names refer to DNA samples. Scale bars are shown by the images. For the tree, the unit is the estimated number of base pair substitutions per position (i.e., the scale bar corresponds to 2 substitutions per 100 positions). We sequenced a syntype of Megistias carinna Schaus, 1902, a name currently considered a junior subjective synonym of Lurida lurida (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869), thus the notation Lurida lurida (=carinna)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7399450" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7399450/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
), presently in the research collection of Ernst Brockmann (Lich, Germany), to be deposited in the collection of the Museo de Historia Natural, Universidad Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru, bears the following three rectangular labels: white printed and hand-printed [
<collectingCountry id="F33CAFEBFFDBFFC5C433FB0EFBB9FB46" box="[1066,1118,1157,1183]" name="Peru" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Peru</collectingCountry>
<date id="FF95C9BBFFDBFFC5C47CFB0FFB5DFB47" box="[1125,1210,1156,1182]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" value="2012-04">
<collectingDate id="EFD13053FFDBFFC5C47CFB0FFB5DFB47" box="[1125,1210,1156,1182]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" value="2012-04">IV.2012</collectingDate>
</date>
| Dept.
<collectingRegion id="49EF2199FFDBFFC5C50DFB0FFA75FB47" box="[1300,1426,1156,1182]" country="Peru" name="San Martin" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">San Martin</collectingRegion>
|
<quantity id="4CD3429EFFDBFFC5C0D9FB2DFEB5FB19" box="[192,338,1190,1217]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" unit="m" value="1650.0" valueMax="1800.0" valueMin="1500.0">
<elevation id="00060848FFDBFFC5C0D9FB2DFEB5FB19" box="[192,338,1190,1217]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" unit="m" value="1650.0" valueMax="1800.0" valueMin="1500.0">1500-1800 m</elevation>
</quantity>
| ex coll. Michael Büche], white printed [DNA sample ID: |
<accessionNumber id="94787298FFDBFFC5C3F4FB2DFB44FB19" box="[1005,1187,1190,1216]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">NVG-18066C02</accessionNumber>
| c/o
<collectorName id="26DE8AADFFDBFFC5C4C7FB2DFA6CFB19" box="[1246,1419,1190,1216]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">
Nick V.
<taxonomicName id="4C2B94F8FFDBFFC5C52CFB2DFA6CFB19" authority="Brockmann &amp; Zhang &amp; Cong &amp; Grishin, 2022" authorityName="Brockmann &amp; Zhang &amp; Cong &amp; Grishin" authorityYear="2022" box="[1333,1419,1190,1216]" genus="Grishin" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">Grishin</taxonomicName>
</collectorName>
], red printed [HOLOTYPE ♀ |
<taxonomicName id="4C2B94F8FFDBFFC5C20DFB43FD2CFB38" authorityName="Brockmann and Grishin" authorityYear="2022" box="[532,715,1223,1250]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Gemmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="buechei">
<emphasis id="B95F3369FFDBFFC5C20DFB43FD2CFB38" box="[532,715,1223,1250]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Gemmia buechei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
| Brockmann &amp;
<taxonomicName id="4C2B94F8FFDBFFC5C39DFB4CFC3DFB38" authority="Brockmann &amp; Zhang &amp; Cong &amp; Grishin, 2022" authorityName="Brockmann &amp; Zhang &amp; Cong &amp; Grishin" authorityYear="2022" box="[900,986,1223,1249]" genus="Grishin" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">Grishin</taxonomicName>
].
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B94EF7BFFDBFFC5C0D9FB7AFCD1FAD2" blockId="5.[192,822,1265,1292]" box="[192,822,1265,1292]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">
<emphasis id="B95F3369FFDBFFC5C0D9FB7AFEBCFAD2" bold="true" box="[192,347,1265,1291]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">
<typeStatus id="549051D9FFDBFFC5C0D9FB7AFF1EFAD2" box="[192,249,1265,1291]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Type</typeStatus>
locality.
</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F33CAFEBFFDBFFC5C178FB7AFE7FFAD2" box="[353,408,1265,1291]" name="Peru" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Peru</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="49EF2199FFDBFFC5C1BBFB7AFDC5FAD2" box="[418,546,1265,1291]" country="Peru" name="San Martin" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">San Martin</collectingRegion>
, elevation
<quantity id="4CD3429EFFDBFFC5C281FB7AFCD4FAD2" box="[664,819,1265,1292]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" unit="m" value="1650.0" valueMax="1800.0" valueMin="1500.0">1500–1800 m</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C331BCF0FFDBFFC5C0D9FA90FE7DFA43" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8B94EF7BFFDBFFC5C0D9FA90FE7DFA43" blockId="5.[191,1440,1306,1434]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">
<emphasis id="B95F3369FFDBFFC5C0D9FA90FEA3FAEC" bold="true" box="[192,324,1307,1333]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Etymology.</emphasis>
The genus name
<taxonomicName id="4C2B94F8FFDBFFC5C219FA90FDB8FAEC" authorityName="Brockmann and Grishin" authorityYear="2022" box="[512,607,1307,1333]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Gemmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95F3369FFDBFFC5C219FA90FDB8FAEC" box="[512,607,1307,1333]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Gemmia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a feminine noun in the nominative singular, given for the gem-like pearly spots on the ventral hindwing of the
<typeStatus id="549051D9FFDBFFC5C27EFAB6FD70FA8E" box="[615,663,1341,1367]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">type</typeStatus>
species. The specific epithet
<taxonomicName id="4C2B94F8FFDBFFC5C3FDFAB7FBD1FA8F" authorityName="Brockmann and Grishin" authorityYear="2022" box="[996,1078,1340,1366]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Gemmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="buechei">
<emphasis id="B95F3369FFDBFFC5C3FDFAB7FBD1FA8F" box="[996,1078,1340,1366]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">buechei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is named to honor its collector, Michael Büche, who generously gave many interesting specimens to the first author. The species epithet is a noun in the genitive case.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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