144 lines
19 KiB
XML
144 lines
19 KiB
XML
<document id="2BD96F695ABF4B33F4B957DCA9EC05E4" ENCODING="UTF-8" ID-GBIF-Dataset="1f0a8ccc-8122-417b-8f30-8673443b8127" ModsDocID="z01306p025" checkinTime="1247147124896" checkinUser="thomas" docAuthor="Wilson J. E. M. Costa" docDate="2006" docId="7F1556EFB786A0864DA7CBF8BB8D1272" docLanguage="en" docName="2006_Costa4_gg2.xml" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1306" docSource="http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:A2296307-64C7-4599-ACCB-D83EE9A245FE" docTitle="Simpsonichthys de Carvalho" docType="treatment" docVersion="13" lastPageNumber="38" masterDocId="37AE64A3CD4CFE2FA88E2010AC99EE3C" masterDocTitle="Three new species of seasonal killifishes of the Simpsonichthys antenori species group (Teleostei: Cyprinodontiformes: Rivulidae) from the rio São Francisco basin, Brazil." masterLastPageNumber="39" masterPageNumber="25" pageNumber="37" updateTime="1701326892047" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="6AA81A97FF7120AD5B1E59C9BFCF3225">
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<mods:title id="65917913CCD26EF99A99D729FED14DD8">Three new species of seasonal killifishes of the Simpsonichthys antenori species group (Teleostei: Cyprinodontiformes: Rivulidae) from the rio São Francisco basin, Brazil.</mods:title>
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<mods:roleTerm id="8949F8075DE1529D4C7B9F9189FF74D8">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="2E517E5E1AE9941191DBCEF7D4E1696D">Wilson J. E. M. Costa</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="C218DCED38FAE81A5DDBBC2A68D13206">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="26FC587911E09157A72E934325834818">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="DEACEDC431124CC6FF8779B4F32DD81C">
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<mods:date id="7E8EEC29B72480DF81816F1080414439">2006</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="0EFADFEA5CE249912200DC66D6A35E5E" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="1FEF9AE3D88D58C233B615EDA51441F1">1306</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="0F94EFFC9D5FFBED68BD8669B59ADA32">http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:A2296307-64C7-4599-ACCB-D83EE9A245FE</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="C51A1F5483CD419D79B1C1142A65C376">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="92757A44A90703E7E5F132BA0BB8290E" type="Plazi-Custom">z01306p025</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="7F1556EFB786A0864DA7CBF8BB8D1272" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6261623" ID-GBIF-Taxon="100123978" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6261623" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7F1556EFB786A0864DA7CBF8BB8D1272" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/7F1556EFB786A0864DA7CBF8BB8D1272" lastPageNumber="38" pageNumber="37">
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<subSubSection id="DFDDCB212B8FC150A84BA50F198EF53E" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="BAC9044874656321096DA16633926556">
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[[ Genus
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<taxonomicName id="E3F5FBBFB052A6419E92BED61060C932" ID-CoL="7H52" ID-ENA="135317" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:BD08FA7B-788B-4285-9548-0F120F97465D" family="Rivulidae" genus="Simpsonichthys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Simpsonichthys Carvalho 1959:2" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageNumber="37" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Simpsonichthys de Carvalho</taxonomicName>
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]]
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="1587674A3AB0EC6C5B17AC13AAE5B547" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="3D9E2B369C75F5B37BE6DB5B72A0E09C" pageNumber="37">Discussion</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6E09CDD4F6C030F9A16FDF0B02929D79" pageNumber="37">
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The present study reveals a great diversity of species of the
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<taxonomicName id="66C20D657072711F98E25114B7BA2745" family="Rivulidae" genus="Simpsonichthys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageNumber="37" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="antenori">Simpsonichthys antenori group</taxonomicName>
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in the upper sections of eastern tributaries of the middle rio
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<normalizedToken id="F42EF95E6FBE77CC2DB5C6561007567D" originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
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Francisco in serra do
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<normalizedToken id="9A1F3015A8CD06D99C628EE1FADB8BD8" originalValue="Espinhaço">Espinhaco</normalizedToken>
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, including rio Verde Grande, rio Carnaiba de Dentro, and rio Paramirim. The species inhabiting this area,
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<taxonomicName id="449721D84A5569657F7544158409E387" family="Rivulidae" genus="Simpsonichthys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageNumber="37" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="janaubensis">S. janaubensis</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="F7587A5AD144A58B4FD465AD825C01A0" family="Rivulidae" genus="Simpsonichthys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageNumber="37" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mediopapillatus">S. mediopapillatus</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="B53011914C61C7BBD15486A732A208AB" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:A6AD55C3-00C6-4E4E-A1D2-683A0D0B4A05" family="Rivulidae" genus="Simpsonichthys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Simpsonichthys ghisolfii Costa, Cyrino & Nielsen 1996:18" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageNumber="37" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ghisolfii">S. ghisolfii</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName id="180904F218FFF8BB0489CB12E8378B4F" family="Rivulidae" genus="Simpsonichthys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageNumber="37" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macaubensis">S. macaubensis</taxonomicName>
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, were not found in other places during recent intensive field studies in the region, suggesting that they are geographically restricted to short sections of the river drainages. In the lower portions of the rio Verde Grande and rio Carnaiba de Dentro, they are replaced by
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<taxonomicName id="52C5DA1461A44F4576E4B7C73C178A26" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:8B2D4D4E-8BDF-4D3A-A8AE-74BD05B73BA0" family="Rivulidae" genus="Simpsonichthys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Simpsonichthys flagellatus Costa 2003:46" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageNumber="37" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="flagellatus">S. flagellatus</taxonomicName>
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, a species widespread throughout the rio
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<normalizedToken id="95D5CBB0E7C48E500A0994F96376CEB9" originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
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Francisco basin (Fig. 3). This suggests that species endemic to the upper sections are effectively isolated from congeners inhabiting the lower sections.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="0F98A20EE17540F78B76E4B496D83498" lastPageNumber="38" pageNumber="37">
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The species endemic to upper tributaries of the rio
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<normalizedToken id="017EB7D2F42BE50BB564AE3BB2ACB19C" originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
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Francisco draining the serra do
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<normalizedToken id="A2ED0C2C9577154371EE9F4D7A712E4B" originalValue="Espinhaço">Espinhaco</normalizedToken>
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do not constitute a monophyletic assemblage. Among them,
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<taxonomicName id="CAEF836D5ACCE41279824447275D7F60" family="Rivulidae" genus="Simpsonichthys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageNumber="37" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="janaubensis">S. janaubensis</taxonomicName>
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is a member of a clade defined by Costa (2006), including
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<taxonomicName id="999EB7010144D821A590D8362B801176" family="Rivulidae" genus="Simpsonichthys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageNumber="37" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="flavicaudatus">S. flavicaudatus</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="9A56F5CA36713B6D907A6DC1527917D8" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:8B2D4D4E-8BDF-4D3A-A8AE-74BD05B73BA0" family="Rivulidae" genus="Simpsonichthys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Simpsonichthys flagellatus Costa 2003:46" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageNumber="37" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="flagellatus">S. flagellatus</taxonomicName>
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, which are diagnosed by the derived color patterns of the anal fin in males: anterior portion pink, posterior portion yellow; bright blue or white dots on posterior part of fin, but not on anterior part; and presence of a light gray distal stripe.
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<taxonomicName id="17AF55E56B26AE0B5BD671FCA8A24F79" family="Rivulidae" genus="Simpsonichthys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageNumber="37" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="janaubensis">Simpsonichthys janaubensis</taxonomicName>
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is therefore considered more closely related to
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<taxonomicName id="9A33F8C9394E2D8AB5E0CA23D1C9A707" family="Rivulidae" genus="Simpsonichthys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageNumber="37" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="flavicaudatus">S. flavicaudatus</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="CADEE2D825C4020277430D32B8675D28" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:8B2D4D4E-8BDF-4D3A-A8AE-74BD05B73BA0" family="Rivulidae" genus="Simpsonichthys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Simpsonichthys flagellatus Costa 2003:46" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageNumber="37" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="flagellatus">S. flagellatus</taxonomicName>
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than to other species from the Serra do
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<normalizedToken id="32650745C72B41BE72179A64BE6165DC" originalValue="Espinhaço">Espinhaco</normalizedToken>
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(i. e.,
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<taxonomicName id="8E3669679AD5DC914B308D97D8462803" family="Rivulidae" genus="Simpsonichthys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageNumber="37" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mediopapillatus">S. mediopapillatus</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="B4477470109D5FC876A5D2923C16E3FD" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:A6AD55C3-00C6-4E4E-A1D2-683A0D0B4A05" family="Rivulidae" genus="Simpsonichthys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Simpsonichthys ghisolfii Costa, Cyrino & Nielsen 1996:18" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageNumber="37" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ghisolfii">S. ghisolfii</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName id="3EA0EA8696D5E3CBB0A4D8358C8C547F" family="Rivulidae" genus="Simpsonichthys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageNumber="37" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macaubensis">S. macaubensis</taxonomicName>
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). On the other hand,
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<taxonomicName id="77B50C3DAF30D4528B84A47EA9EB5A7E" family="Rivulidae" genus="Simpsonichthys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageNumber="37" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mediopapillatus">S. mediopapillatus</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4075D97C55B38450EC204A86914FC546" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:A6AD55C3-00C6-4E4E-A1D2-683A0D0B4A05" family="Rivulidae" genus="Simpsonichthys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Simpsonichthys ghisolfii Costa, Cyrino & Nielsen 1996:18" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageNumber="37" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ghisolfii">S. ghisolfii</taxonomicName>
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are sister species, since both share an apomorphic long urogenital papilla in males, a condition not found elsewhere among species of
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<taxonomicName id="E9298CBD42A4BE738D730354F38687AE" family="Rivulidae" genus="Simpsonichthys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageNumber="37" phylum="Chordata" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Hypsolebias">Hypsolebias</taxonomicName>
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(Costa, 2006).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="3611B1BCD086C34FE4776A966C63EB79" type="key">
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<paragraph id="08C778818F136631FD4AA04483A193D1" pageNumber="38">
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Key to species of the
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<taxonomicName id="676525D0CC3D39882A9A5020E0455FF1" family="Rivulidae" genus="Simpsonichthys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="antenori">S. antenori group</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="DA71C1FF9C2DFC05A04CE021577E7EE7" pageNumber="38">1a. Dorsal and anal-fin filaments reaching between central and posterior portion of caudal fin, or surpassing it in males; unpaired fins pink, yellow or orange in males .................................................................................................................................2</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="5A8867312951B74C527046B8C0144583" pageNumber="38">
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1b. Dorsal and anal-fin filaments short, reaching caudal-fin base; unpaired fins dark bluish gray in males.................................................................................
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<taxonomicName id="46D7CFF15563415AB1754A04B3549769" family="Rivulidae" genus="Simpsonichthys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="antenori">S. antenori</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="1D4A0732F47B11811CA228E4A480F440" pageNumber="38">2a(1a). Filamentous rays of dorsal and anal fins of moderate length in males, tip of each fin reaching posterior portion of caudal fin............................................................3</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="ED8C5AB82B1E9A1123D1EEEEF7C77A10" pageNumber="38">2b(1a). Filamentous rays of dorsal and anal fins rather long in males, tip of each fin extending beyond posterior margin of caudal fin...................................................5</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="BFC4F0DCB85E97A2F173F44701BC6DB9" pageNumber="38">3a(2a). Urogenital papilla long in males, notably conspicuous in lateral view (Fig. 6C)............................ 4</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6817A2BE34EC070275CE4A6818561A95" pageNumber="38">
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3b(2a). Urogenital papilla short in males, almost imperceptible in lateral view................... ..........................................................................................................
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<taxonomicName id="7FEEFBD39041B2C62C8C16BB1E701A3E" family="Rivulidae" genus="Simpsonichthys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macaubensis">S. macaubensis</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="7E027FDA54B8898095871C2832CF5572" pageNumber="38">
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4a(3a). No contact organs on flank in males; a median neuromast on posterior rostral series (Fig. 6B)...........................................................................
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<taxonomicName id="262C98377BBD2D9BB9D4F47A6BAB4F23" family="Rivulidae" genus="Simpsonichthys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mediopapillatus">S. mediopapillatus</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C9F2C9AEDAF66FD7561FBAB2C7C08AA5" pageNumber="38">
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4b(3a). Contact organs on anteroventral portion of flank in males; no median neuromast on posterior rostral series.........................................................................
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<taxonomicName id="12E413857371A56C833E273ABDD81E02" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:A6AD55C3-00C6-4E4E-A1D2-683A0D0B4A05" family="Rivulidae" genus="Simpsonichthys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Simpsonichthys ghisolfii Costa, Cyrino & Nielsen 1996:18" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ghisolfii">S. ghisolfii</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="4FB3990B2BD90AD1F60F5EF913E8C173" pageNumber="38">5a(2b). Six pelvic-fin rays; flanks with gray bars and few or no light dots in males; anal fin pink anteriorly and yellow posteriorly, with gray distal stripe in males................6</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="7D0FF67DBEB0A4242F9AF652E6A8ECFB" pageNumber="38">
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5b(2b). Seven pelvic-fin rays; flanks of males without bars or sometimes hardly visible only in preserved specimens, and with numerous light dots; anal fin yellow, with orange subdistal stripe and black distal stripe in males..............................
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<taxonomicName id="834DE256E5844C393675E9010AADD527" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:D1DA8229-BB8D-4D4A-9E00-13375A0BFE09" family="Rivulidae" genus="Simpsonichthys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Simpsonichthys igneus Costa 2000:10" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="igneus">S. igneus</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="61C9FBFF0A37E34CB26C87DD300E57F5" pageNumber="38">6a(5a). Pectoral-fin contact organs pronounced in males; dorsal profile of head conspicuously concave; anterobasal portion of dorsal fin with short light stripes alternating with dark gray to black areas..................................................................................7</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="4115E8E4073CCE59836D9D8371892AD7" pageNumber="38">
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6b(5a). Pectoral-fin contact organs minute in males; dorsal profile of head nearly straight; anterobasal portion of dorsal fin with small light spots, sometimes slightly elongated .................................................................................................
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<taxonomicName id="A4E620EFBFE038122CB94ADA382ADAE5" family="Rivulidae" genus="Simpsonichthys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="flavicaudatus">S. flavicaudatus</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="36C20B619998C480AD5B5C8C9C7E7025" pageNumber="38">
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7a(6a). Elongated light blue spots restricted to anterior portion of dorsal-fin base in males; anal-fin base in males 39.0-45.2 % SL; body depth in combined sexes 37.0-42.7%; caudal-peduncle depth in combined sexes 13.4-16.6%.............................
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<taxonomicName id="E2804D171F4EA8469EDC1A4EAE3FC50A" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:8B2D4D4E-8BDF-4D3A-A8AE-74BD05B73BA0" family="Rivulidae" genus="Simpsonichthys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Simpsonichthys flagellatus Costa 2003:46" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="flagellatus">S. flagellatus</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="3D7A692E57B65483B343D1224B8BE301" lastPageNumber="39" pageNumber="38">
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7b(6a). Elongated light blue spots along entire dorsal-fin base in males; anal-fin base in males 34.4-38.4 % SL; body depth in combined sexes 30.7-38.4%; caudal-peduncle depth in combined sexes 11.7-14.3% ..........................................
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<taxonomicName id="718F150B97A52860EB56996870A0F535" family="Rivulidae" genus="Simpsonichthys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="janaubensis">S. janaubensis</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |