285 lines
39 KiB
XML
285 lines
39 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="A116B81BE05C16AB09D625B277CD12F5">First study of the Polycladida (Rhabditophora, Platyhelminthes) from the Pacific Coast of Costa Rica</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="FA7019312C832195A783EBB76376DF64" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="E4DCDDF225C0F2390D2D7106348172E7">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="AE5B4CF69ECB8BE00BEAF9A6FA69B4F6">Soutullo, Patricia</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="AB56131FD7B085BC7041CD6134C170ED">Dept. Biodiversidad y Biología Evolutiva, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (CSIC). José Gutiérrez Abascal 2, Madrid, Spain. Patricia Soutullo: patriciasoutullo @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 9691 - 0038</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="20CF06A23D4A8F7E2A69DE585E708457" type="email">patriciasoutullo@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="07E01F6C05D4648A459CF337654D4358">Cuadrado, Daniel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="B4A72E6BF841C9A7D38F9E11B076C5A1" type="ORCID">0000-0002-9691-0038</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="48C00D4AD9CF36721863747E7215A3BF">Dept. Biodiversidad y Biología Evolutiva, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (CSIC). José Gutiérrez Abascal 2, Madrid, Spain. Patricia Soutullo: patriciasoutullo @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 9691 - 0038</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="5F92BE96D70D0D1BC6CA19DEC9BD991A" type="email">patriciasoutullo@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="124C8F0B8580FE3EE91F0A9DEDAFB1F3">Noreña, Carolina</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="6F4ABE409E161E7E7E051CFEF24E34CE">Dept. Biodiversidad y Biología Evolutiva, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (CSIC). José Gutiérrez Abascal 2, Madrid, Spain. Patricia Soutullo: patriciasoutullo @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 9691 - 0038</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="F39CBEF73CCB10CDD4F139D6A0F41652" type="email">patriciasoutullo@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="353EC40FF15D84EE48BD08C74C5BB601">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="CB45C6212ED6988785A52710ABEC5535">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="DB20F4CC1BF17F1BD787EA72BD14FF94">2021-04-22</mods:number>
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<treatment id="AE2487EA9A64C422929C537B408D15A4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4709611" ID-GBIF-Taxon="181875261" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4709611" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:AE2487EA9A64C422929C537B408D15A4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/AE2487EA9A64C422929C537B408D15A4" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="376" pageId="11" pageNumber="374">
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<subSubSection id="6E9765779A64C424929C537B43BE1091" box="[151,472,1653,1680]" pageId="11" pageNumber="374" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="263236FC9A64C424929C537B43BE1091" blockId="11.[151,472,1653,1715]" box="[151,472,1653,1680]" pageId="11" pageNumber="374">
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<heading id="7D7A81909A64C424929C537B43BE1091" bold="true" box="[151,472,1653,1680]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="374" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="14F9EAEE9A64C424929C537B43BE1091" bold="true" box="[151,472,1653,1680]" pageId="11" pageNumber="374">
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<taxonomicName id="E18D4D7F9A64C424929C537B43E8108E" authority="Soutullo & Cuadrado & Noreña, 2021" authorityName="Soutullo & Cuadrado & Noreña" authorityYear="2021" box="[151,398,1653,1680]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Euryleptidae" genus="Prostheceraeus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="11" pageNumber="374" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="fitae" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="14F9EAEE9A64C424929C537B43E8108E" bold="true" box="[151,398,1653,1680]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="374">Prostheceraeus fitae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="0FCA57959A64C424939E537843BE1091" box="[405,472,1654,1680]" pageId="11" pageNumber="374" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="6E9765779A64C424929C5397428B10B2" box="[151,237,1689,1715]" pageId="11" pageNumber="374" type="description">
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<paragraph id="263236FC9A64C424929C5397428B10B2" blockId="11.[151,472,1653,1715]" box="[151,237,1689,1715]" pageId="11" pageNumber="374">
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<heading id="7D7A81909A64C424929C5397428B10B2" bold="true" box="[151,237,1689,1715]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="374" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="14F9EAEE9A64C424929C5397428B10B2" bold="true" box="[151,237,1689,1715]" pageId="11" pageNumber="374">
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(
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<figureCitation id="BEB62A799A64C42492945397428210B2" box="[159,228,1689,1715]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1368,1392]" captionTargetBox="[386,1197,196,1335]" captionTargetId="figure-29@12.[379,1208,181,1344]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 8. Prostheceraeus fitae n.sp. A. Distribution map and sample points; B. Whole live animal, dorsal view; C. Ventral view of whole live animal; D. Histological sections of the copulatory organs stained with Azan; E. Sagittal reconstruction of the reproduction system (D, E anterior end to the left)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4709607" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4709607/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="374">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="6E9765779A64C424929653EF46C311B1" pageId="11" pageNumber="374" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="263236FC9A64C424929653EF40A91145" blockId="11.[151,1436,1761,2040]" pageId="11" pageNumber="374">
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<emphasis id="14F9EAEE9A64C424929653EF43EE10FA" bold="true" box="[157,392,1761,1787]" pageId="11" pageNumber="374">Material examined:</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="96E53CA19A64C424938653EC40AD1145" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3107370314" collectionCode="MNCN" pageId="11" pageNumber="374" specimenCode="MNCN 4.01" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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Three individuals studied. One specimen collected in Playa Langosta, sagittally sectioned and designated as
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<typeStatus id="F936885E9A64C424933E520843FD1121" box="[309,411,1798,1824]" pageId="11" pageNumber="374" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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||
. 44 slides:
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<specimenCode id="762B9E879A64C424901D520840C41121" box="[534,674,1797,1824]" collectionCode="MNCN" country="Spain" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" name="Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales" pageId="11" pageNumber="374" type="Museum">MNCN 4.01</specimenCode>
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/2576 to
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<specimenCode id="762B9E879A64C424910D520841F5111E" box="[774,915,1797,1824]" collectionCode="MNCN" country="Spain" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" name="Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales" pageId="11" pageNumber="374" type="Museum">MNCN 4.01</specimenCode>
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/2619. Two more specimens collected in Playa Carbón sagittally sectioned and stained with Azan
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="263236FC9A64C42492CC52404077118D" blockId="11.[151,1436,1761,2040]" pageId="11" pageNumber="374">
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||
<materialsCitation id="96E53CA19A64C42492CC5240406B118D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3107370305" collectingDate="2018-05-17" collectingDateMax="2018-05-24" collectingDateMin="2018-05-17" country="Costa Rica" latitude="10.292278" location="Playa Langosta" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-85.85352" municipality="Las Baulas National Park" pageId="11" pageNumber="374" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Guanacaste" typeStatus="holotype">
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||
<emphasis id="14F9EAEE9A64C42492CC5240430E1166" bold="true" box="[199,360,1869,1896]" pageId="11" pageNumber="374">
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||
<typeStatus id="F936885E9A64C42492CC524043641169" box="[199,258,1870,1896]" pageId="11" pageNumber="374">Type</typeStatus>
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locality:
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</emphasis>
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||
<location id="235260279A64C42493655240407F1169" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:AE2487EA9A64C422929C537B408D15A4:235260279A64C42493655240407F1169" box="[366,537,1870,1896]" country="Costa Rica" latitude="10.292278" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-85.85352" municipality="Las Baulas National Park" name="Playa Langosta" pageId="11" pageNumber="374" stateProvince="Guanacaste">Playa Langosta</location>
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||
<geoCoordinate id="43B9503B9A64C4249015524040AB1169" box="[542,717,1870,1896]" degrees="10" direction="north" minutes="17" orientation="latitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="374" precision="1" seconds="32.2" value="10.292278">10 ° 17’32.2 “N</geoCoordinate>
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||
<geoCoordinate id="43B9503B9A64C42490D8524341EF1169" box="[723,905,1869,1896]" degrees="85" direction="west" minutes="51" orientation="longitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="374" precision="1" seconds="12.7" value="-85.85352">85 ° 51’12.7” W</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality id="C656AC869A64C4249199524046CA1169" box="[914,1196,1870,1896]" pageId="11" pageNumber="374">Las Baulas National Park</collectingMunicipality>
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of
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<collectingRegion id="E449F81E9A64C42496C4524047351169" box="[1231,1363,1870,1896]" country="Costa Rica" name="Guanacaste" pageId="11" pageNumber="374">Guanacaste</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="5E9A766C9A64C4249757524042AC118D" name="Costa Rica" pageId="11" pageNumber="374">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
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||
(
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<figureCitation id="BEB62A799A64C42492D1527C4352118D" box="[218,308,1906,1932]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1368,1392]" captionTargetBox="[386,1197,196,1335]" captionTargetId="figure-29@12.[379,1208,181,1344]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 8. Prostheceraeus fitae n.sp. A. Distribution map and sample points; B. Whole live animal, dorsal view; C. Ventral view of whole live animal; D. Histological sections of the copulatory organs stained with Azan; E. Sagittal reconstruction of the reproduction system (D, E anterior end to the left)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4709607" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4709607/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="374">Fig. 8A</figureCitation>
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),
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||
<date id="5233103C9A64C4249343527C406B118D" box="[328,525,1906,1932]" pageId="11" pageNumber="374" value="2018-05-17" valueMax="2018-05-24" valueMin="2018-05-17">
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||
<collectingDate id="4277E9D49A64C4249343527C406B118D" box="[328,525,1906,1932]" pageId="11" pageNumber="374" value="2018-05-17" valueMax="2018-05-24" valueMin="2018-05-17">May 17-24, 2018</collectingDate>
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</date>
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</materialsCitation>
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||
.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="263236FC9A64C42492CC529B46C311B1" blockId="11.[151,1436,1761,2040]" box="[199,1189,1941,1968]" pageId="11" pageNumber="374">
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<emphasis id="14F9EAEE9A64C42492CC529B434A11AE" bold="true" box="[199,300,1941,1967]" pageId="11" pageNumber="374">Habitat:</emphasis>
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Intertidal zone of Playa Langosta, under stones within a rock pool
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<quantity id="E1759B199A64C42496175298460711B1" box="[1052,1121,1942,1968]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="374" unit="cm" value="20.0">20 cm</quantity>
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deep.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="6E9765779A64C42492CC52B4438F11F9" pageId="11" pageNumber="374" type="etymology">
|
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<paragraph id="263236FC9A64C42492CC52B4438F11F9" blockId="11.[151,1436,1761,2040]" pageId="11" pageNumber="374">
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<emphasis id="14F9EAEE9A64C42492CC52B4433411D5" bold="true" box="[199,338,1978,2004]" pageId="11" pageNumber="374">Etymology:</emphasis>
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The name of the species,
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<taxonomicName id="E18D4D7F9A64C424907D52B4413B11D5" authority="Soutullo & Cuadrado & Noreña, 2021" authorityName="Soutullo & Cuadrado & Noreña" authorityYear="2021" box="[630,861,1978,2004]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Euryleptidae" genus="Prostheceraeus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="11" pageNumber="374" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="fitae" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="14F9EAEE9A64C424907D52B4413B11D5" box="[630,861,1978,2004]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="374">Prostheceraeus fitae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="0FCA57959A64C424916F52B441FF11D5" box="[868,921,1978,2004]" pageId="11" pageNumber="374" rank="species">n.sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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, is dedicated to Josefa Novelle, mother of the first author, also called “Fita”.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<caption id="72F266749A63C423929C505640FC13B9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4709607" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4709607" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4709607/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="375" startId="12.[151,250,1368,1392]" targetBox="[386,1197,196,1335]" targetPageId="12">
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||
<paragraph id="263236FC9A63C423929C505640FC13B9" blockId="12.[151,1436,1368,1464]" pageId="12" pageNumber="375">
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||
<emphasis id="14F9EAEE9A63C423929C5056404C1371" bold="true" box="[151,554,1368,1392]" pageId="12" pageNumber="375">
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FIGURE 8.
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<taxonomicName id="E18D4D7F9A63C4239310505643961371" authority="Soutullo & Cuadrado & Noreña, 2021" authorityName="Soutullo & Cuadrado & Noreña" authorityYear="2021" box="[283,496,1368,1392]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Euryleptidae" genus="Prostheceraeus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="12" pageNumber="375" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="fitae" status="sp. nov.">
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||
<emphasis id="14F9EAEE9A63C4239310505643961371" bold="true" box="[283,496,1368,1392]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="375">Prostheceraeus fitae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="0FCA57959A63C42393FC5056404C1371" box="[503,554,1368,1392]" pageId="12" pageNumber="375" rank="species">n.sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
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||
A. Distribution map and sample points; B. Whole live animal, dorsal view; C. Ventral view of whole live animal; D. Histological sections of the copulatory organs stained with Azan; E. Sagittal reconstruction of the reproduction system (D, E anterior end to the left).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="6E9765779A63C42292CC50EF40A5171C" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="376" pageId="12" pageNumber="375" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="263236FC9A63C42392CC50EF41A210F6" blockId="12.[151,1437,1505,2035]" pageId="12" pageNumber="375">
|
||
<emphasis id="14F9EAEE9A63C42392CC50EF433713FA" bold="true" box="[199,337,1505,1531]" pageId="12" pageNumber="375">Description</emphasis>
|
||
: External features (
|
||
<figureCitation id="BEB62A799A63C423903E50EF40CF13FA" box="[565,681,1505,1531]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1368,1392]" captionTargetBox="[386,1197,196,1335]" captionTargetId="figure-29@12.[379,1208,181,1344]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 8. Prostheceraeus fitae n.sp. A. Distribution map and sample points; B. Whole live animal, dorsal view; C. Ventral view of whole live animal; D. Histological sections of the copulatory organs stained with Azan; E. Sagittal reconstruction of the reproduction system (D, E anterior end to the left)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4709607" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4709607/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="375">Fig. 8B,C</figureCitation>
|
||
): Elongated body shape with straight lateral margins and rounded posterior end. Few, short marginal waves. Background colour ivory yellowish with black elongated stains. The body margin with a pigmented band formed by a thin purple border followed by a lilac stripe that gradually darkens into a dim violet band. The marginal colouration surrounds the entire body, including pseudotentacles, pointed and with a dark violet tone. A thin orange-lilac line is drawn from behind the tentacles to the back region, in the middle dorsal region. A white patch with numerous cerebral eyes is located between the two tentacles. Ventrally whitish or colourless. Pharynx, tubular in living organisms, acquires bell shaped outline in fixed individuals. Reproductive system is located in the middle body region.
|
||
<collectingRegion id="E449F81E9A63C423901553D3403E10F6" box="[542,600,1757,1783]" country="Maldives" name="Maale" pageId="12" pageNumber="375">Male</collectingRegion>
|
||
and female gonopore separated.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="263236FC9A63C42392CC520F404811F2" blockId="12.[151,1437,1505,2035]" pageId="12" pageNumber="375">
|
||
Reproductive System (
|
||
<figureCitation id="BEB62A799A63C42393C1520F4058111A" box="[458,574,1793,1819]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1368,1392]" captionTargetBox="[386,1197,196,1335]" captionTargetId="figure-29@12.[379,1208,181,1344]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 8. Prostheceraeus fitae n.sp. A. Distribution map and sample points; B. Whole live animal, dorsal view; C. Ventral view of whole live animal; D. Histological sections of the copulatory organs stained with Azan; E. Sagittal reconstruction of the reproduction system (D, E anterior end to the left)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4709607" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4709607/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="375">Fig. 8D,E</figureCitation>
|
||
): The male copulatory organ comprises in a seminal and prostatic vesicle, a folded penis papilla and a naked ejaculatory duct. The spermiducal bulb opens into the oval seminal vesicle. The seminal vesicle is surrounded by a well-developed muscle layer. The oval-shaped prostatic vesicle is anterior-dorsally oriented as shown by the prostatic duct, although the vesicular region is bent towards the posterior body end, due to the contractions during the fixation. (
|
||
<figureCitation id="BEB62A799A63C423908E529F40BA11AA" box="[645,732,1937,1963]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1368,1392]" captionTargetBox="[386,1197,196,1335]" captionTargetId="figure-29@12.[379,1208,181,1344]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 8. Prostheceraeus fitae n.sp. A. Distribution map and sample points; B. Whole live animal, dorsal view; C. Ventral view of whole live animal; D. Histological sections of the copulatory organs stained with Azan; E. Sagittal reconstruction of the reproduction system (D, E anterior end to the left)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4709607" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4709607/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="375">Fig. 8E</figureCitation>
|
||
). The spermatic duct empties into the distal region of the prostatic vesicle. Distally the characteristic penis papilla of the genus housed the short, naked ejaculatory duct without stylet (
|
||
<figureCitation id="BEB62A799A63C42392E852D7435B11F2" box="[227,317,2009,2035]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1368,1392]" captionTargetBox="[386,1197,196,1335]" captionTargetId="figure-29@12.[379,1208,181,1344]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 8. Prostheceraeus fitae n.sp. A. Distribution map and sample points; B. Whole live animal, dorsal view; C. Ventral view of whole live animal; D. Histological sections of the copulatory organs stained with Azan; E. Sagittal reconstruction of the reproduction system (D, E anterior end to the left)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4709607" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4709607/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="375">Fig. 8D</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<collectingRegion id="E449F81E9A63C423935A52D743ED11F2" box="[337,395,2009,2035]" country="Maldives" name="Maale" pageId="12" pageNumber="375">Male</collectingRegion>
|
||
atrium ciliate.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="263236FC9A62C42292CC559940A5171C" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,933]" pageId="13" pageNumber="376">
|
||
The female reproductive system consists of a vagina interna (
|
||
<figureCitation id="BEB62A799A62C42291815599418716B0" box="[906,993,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1368,1392]" captionTargetBox="[386,1197,196,1335]" captionTargetId="figure-29@12.[379,1208,181,1344]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 8. Prostheceraeus fitae n.sp. A. Distribution map and sample points; B. Whole live animal, dorsal view; C. Ventral view of whole live animal; D. Histological sections of the copulatory organs stained with Azan; E. Sagittal reconstruction of the reproduction system (D, E anterior end to the left)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4709607" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4709607/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="376">Fig. 8B</figureCitation>
|
||
) in which the oviduct empties and the vesicle externa lined with a thick and ciliated epithelium. Shell and cement-gland open into the vagina externa, but no. Uterine vesicles not observed surely due to the state of sexual maturity of the studied animal. The female atrium is broad, marked by a well-developed epithelium.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="6E9765779A62C42292CC5429408D15A4" pageId="13" pageNumber="376" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="263236FC9A62C42292CC542946381788" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,933]" pageId="13" pageNumber="376">
|
||
<emphasis id="14F9EAEE9A62C42292CC542943521740" bold="true" box="[199,308,295,321]" pageId="13" pageNumber="376">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
: Due to its elongated oval shape, smooth dorsal surface with longitudinal stripes on the back, pointed tentacles, cerebral eye clusters in two elongate rows. In addition to de frontal branch of the gut and the anterior-dorsally oriented prostatic vesicle, this species is placed within the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E18D4D7F9A62C42291A1546146311788" authorityName="Schmarda" authorityYear="1859" box="[938,1111,367,393]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Euryleptidae" genus="Prostheceraeus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="13" pageNumber="376" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="14F9EAEE9A62C42291A1546146311788" box="[938,1111,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="376">Prostheceraeus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="263236FC9A62C42292CC549D43551484" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,933]" pageId="13" pageNumber="376">
|
||
Based on the colouration pattern, mainly the longitudinal stripes,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E18D4D7F9A62C42291BB549D46F117AC" authority="Soutullo & Cuadrado & Noreña, 2021" authorityName="Soutullo & Cuadrado & Noreña" authorityYear="2021" box="[944,1175,403,429]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Euryleptidae" genus="Prostheceraeus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="13" pageNumber="376" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="fitae" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="14F9EAEE9A62C42291BB549D46F117AC" box="[944,1175,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="376">Prostheceraeus fitae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="0FCA57959A62C4229694549D46B217AC" box="[1183,1236,403,429]" pageId="13" pageNumber="376" rank="species">n.sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
can be compared to five species of the genus:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E18D4D7F9A62C42293EA54B9468717D0" authority="Dixit, Raghunathan & Chandra, 2017" authorityName="Dixit, Raghunathan & Chandra" authorityYear="2017" box="[481,1249,439,465]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Euryleptidae" genus="Prostheceraeus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="13" pageNumber="376" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="fuscolineatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="14F9EAEE9A62C42293EA54B9414D17D0" box="[481,811,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="376">Prostheceraeus fuscolineatus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="421C4B0D9A62C422913854B9468717D0" author="Dixit, S. & Raghunathan, C. & Chandra, K." box="[819,1249,439,465]" pageId="13" pageNumber="376" pagination="495 - 512" refId="ref8164" refString="Dixit, S., Raghunathan, C. & Chandra, K. (2017) Two new Pseudoceros (Polycladida: Pseudocerotidae) and a Prostheceraeus (Polycladida: Euryleptidae) from Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India. Zootaxa, 4269 (4), 495 - 512. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4269.4.5" type="journal article" year="2017">Dixit, Raghunathan & Chandra, 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E18D4D7F9A62C42296E454B943D117F4" authority="(Montagu, 1815)" baseAuthorityName="Montagu" baseAuthorityYear="1815" class="Rhabditophora" family="Euryleptidae" genus="Prostheceraeus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="13" pageNumber="376" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="vittatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="14F9EAEE9A62C42296E454B9428F17F5" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="376">Prostheceraeus vittatus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="421C4B0D9A62C42292F054D543C917F4" author="Montagu, G." box="[251,431,474,501]" pageId="13" pageNumber="376" pagination="25 - 26" refId="ref9038" refString="Montagu, G. (1815) Description of several new or rare animals principally marine, discovered on the south coast of Devonshire. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London, 11, 25 - 26. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1813. tb 00035. x" type="journal article" year="1815">Montagu, 1815</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E18D4D7F9A62C42293CC54D541FD17F4" authority="Lang, 1884" authorityName="Lang" authorityYear="1884" box="[455,923,475,501]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Euryleptidae" genus="Prostheceraeus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="13" pageNumber="376" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="pseudolimax">
|
||
<emphasis id="14F9EAEE9A62C42293CC54D5416A17F4" box="[455,780,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="376">Prostheceraeus pseudolimax</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="421C4B0D9A62C422911D54D541FD17F4" author="Lang, A." box="[790,923,475,501]" pageId="13" pageNumber="376" refId="ref8843" refString="Lang, A. (1884) Die Polycladen (Seeplanarien) des Golfes von Neapel und der angrenzenden Meeresabschnitte. Eine Monographie. Fauna und Flora des Golfes von Neapel und der angrenzenden Meeresabschnitte, herausgegeben von der Zoologischen Station in Neapel. W. Engelmann, Leipzig, 688 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 10545" type="book" year="1884">Lang, 1884</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E18D4D7F9A62C42291A154D5470C17F4" authority="Lang, 1884" authorityName="Lang" authorityYear="1884" box="[938,1386,475,501]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Euryleptidae" genus="Prostheceraeus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="13" pageNumber="376" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="giesbrechti">
|
||
<emphasis id="14F9EAEE9A62C42291A154D546BA17F4" box="[938,1244,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="376">Prostheceraeus giesbrechti</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="421C4B0D9A62C42296EC54D5470C17F4" author="Lang, A." box="[1255,1386,475,501]" pageId="13" pageNumber="376" refId="ref8843" refString="Lang, A. (1884) Die Polycladen (Seeplanarien) des Golfes von Neapel und der angrenzenden Meeresabschnitte. Eine Monographie. Fauna und Flora des Golfes von Neapel und der angrenzenden Meeresabschnitte, herausgegeben von der Zoologischen Station in Neapel. W. Engelmann, Leipzig, 688 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 10545" type="book" year="1884">Lang, 1884</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E18D4D7F9A62C422929C54F1404E1418" authority="Lang, 1884" authorityName="Lang" authorityYear="1884" box="[151,552,511,537]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Euryleptidae" genus="Prostheceraeus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="13" pageNumber="376" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="roseus">
|
||
<emphasis id="14F9EAEE9A62C422929C54F143F11419" box="[151,407,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="376">Prostheceraeus roseus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="421C4B0D9A62C42293A954F1404E1418" author="Lang, A." box="[418,552,511,537]" pageId="13" pageNumber="376" refId="ref8843" refString="Lang, A. (1884) Die Polycladen (Seeplanarien) des Golfes von Neapel und der angrenzenden Meeresabschnitte. Eine Monographie. Fauna und Flora des Golfes von Neapel und der angrenzenden Meeresabschnitte, herausgegeben von der Zoologischen Station in Neapel. W. Engelmann, Leipzig, 688 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 10545" type="book" year="1884">Lang, 1884</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The violet, mauve and lilac colour of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E18D4D7F9A62C42291FF54F146231418" authority="Soutullo & Cuadrado & Noreña, 2021" authorityName="Soutullo & Cuadrado & Noreña" authorityYear="2021" box="[1012,1093,511,537]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Euryleptidae" genus="Prostheceraeus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="13" pageNumber="376" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="fitae" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="14F9EAEE9A62C42291FF54F146231418" box="[1012,1093,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="376">P. fitae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="0FCA57959A62C422965B54F146E31418" box="[1104,1157,511,537]" pageId="13" pageNumber="376" rank="species">n.sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
clearly differs from the white background colour and black stripes of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E18D4D7F9A62C4229096572D416D143D" baseAuthorityName="Montagu" baseAuthorityYear="1815" box="[669,779,547,572]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Euryleptidae" genus="Prostheceraeus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="13" pageNumber="376" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="vittatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="14F9EAEE9A62C4229096572D416D143D" box="[669,779,547,572]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="376">P. vittatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, pink with white stripes of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E18D4D7F9A62C4229648572D46C1143D" authorityName="Lang" authorityYear="1884" box="[1091,1191,547,572]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Euryleptidae" genus="Prostheceraeus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="13" pageNumber="376" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="roseus">
|
||
<emphasis id="14F9EAEE9A62C4229648572D46C1143D" box="[1091,1191,547,572]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="376">P. roseus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the orange stripes of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E18D4D7F9A62C422929C574943211460" authorityName="Dixit, Raghunathan & Chandra" authorityYear="2017" box="[151,327,583,609]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Euryleptidae" genus="Prostheceraeus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="13" pageNumber="376" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="fuscolineatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="14F9EAEE9A62C422929C574943211460" box="[151,327,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="376">P. fuscolineatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the yellow central stripe of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E18D4D7F9A62C4229083574941441460" authorityName="Lang" authorityYear="1884" box="[648,802,583,609]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Euryleptidae" genus="Prostheceraeus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="13" pageNumber="376" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="giesbrechti">
|
||
<emphasis id="14F9EAEE9A62C4229083574940FF1461" box="[648,665,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="376">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="14F9EAEE9A62C42290AC574941441460" box="[679,802,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="376">giesbrechti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and the two lateral black stripes and central yellow of
|
||
<emphasis id="14F9EAEE9A62C4229783574943551484" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="376">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E18D4D7F9A62C4229783574943491484" authorityName="Dixit, Raghunathan & Chandra" authorityYear="2017" class="Rhabditophora" family="Euryleptidae" genus="Prostheceraeus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="13" pageNumber="376" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="fuscolineatus">P. fuscolineatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="263236FC9A62C42292CC578141A914CC" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,933]" pageId="13" pageNumber="376">
|
||
The internal anatomy of the reproductive system shows clear similarities, but
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E18D4D7F9A62C42296145781460D14A8" authority="Soutullo & Cuadrado & Noreña, 2021" authorityName="Soutullo & Cuadrado & Noreña" authorityYear="2021" box="[1055,1131,655,681]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Euryleptidae" genus="Prostheceraeus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="13" pageNumber="376" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="fitae" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="14F9EAEE9A62C42296145781460D14A8" box="[1055,1131,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="376">P. fitae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="0FCA57959A62C422967A578146C014A8" box="[1137,1190,655,681]" pageId="13" pageNumber="376" rank="species">n.sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
presents a much more delicate stylet than the rest of the species and a long, narrow male atrium.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="263236FC9A62C42292CC57D9408D15A4" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,933]" pageId="13" pageNumber="376">
|
||
The genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E18D4D7F9A62C422934B57D9438B14F0" authorityName="Schmarda" authorityYear="1859" box="[320,493,727,753]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Euryleptidae" genus="Prostheceraeus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="13" pageNumber="376" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="14F9EAEE9A62C422934B57D9438B14F0" box="[320,493,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="376">Prostheceraeus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is well represented in the North Atlantic and the Mediterranean; on the contrary, only two species are known from the Pacific Ocean and adjacent Seas.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E18D4D7F9A62C422918457F547FA1514" authority="Woodworth, 1894" authorityName="Woodworth" authorityYear="1894" box="[911,1436,763,789]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Euryleptidae" genus="Prostheceraeus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="13" pageNumber="376" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="panamensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="14F9EAEE9A62C422918457F546AE1515" box="[911,1224,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="376">Prostheceraeus panamensis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="421C4B0D9A62C42296DA57F547FA1514" author="Woodworth, W. M." box="[1233,1436,763,789]" pageId="13" pageNumber="376" pagination="49 - 52" refId="ref9819" refString="Woodworth, W. M. (1894) Report on the Turbellaria (Albatross-Report 9). Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 25, 49 - 52." type="journal article" year="1894">Woodworth, 1894</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="5E9A766C9A62C42292D85611434A1538" box="[211,300,799,825]" name="Panama" pageId="13" pageNumber="376">Panama</collectingCountry>
|
||
is a species described on fixed material and mostly damaged; therefore, the information on colouration or body shape is ambiguous. It also lacks internal description, so a comparison is not possible. The other known species is
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E18D4D7F9A62C42292E8566943F41580" authorityName="Dixit, Raghunathan & Chandra" authorityYear="2017" box="[227,402,871,897]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Euryleptidae" genus="Prostheceraeus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="13" pageNumber="376" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="fuscolineatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="14F9EAEE9A62C42292E8566943F41580" box="[227,402,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="376">P. fuscolineatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the Indian Ocean, which clearly differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E18D4D7F9A62C42291C75669467F1580" authority="Soutullo & Cuadrado & Noreña, 2021" authorityName="Soutullo & Cuadrado & Noreña" authorityYear="2021" box="[972,1049,871,897]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Euryleptidae" genus="Prostheceraeus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="13" pageNumber="376" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="fitae" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="14F9EAEE9A62C42291C75669467F1580" box="[972,1049,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="376">P. fitae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="0FCA57959A62C422962B566946331580" box="[1056,1109,871,897]" pageId="13" pageNumber="376" rank="species">n.sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
by colouration and the shape of the dorsal longitudinal stripes, as discussed above.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |