230 lines
18 KiB
XML
230 lines
18 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.5.e21947" ID-PMC="PMC5740419" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2828-5-21947" ID-PubMed="29308046" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2017" ModsDocID="1314-2828-5-e21947" ModsDocOrigin="Biodiversity Data Journal 5" ModsDocTitle="Three new minute leaf litter beetles discovered by citizen scientists in Maliau Basin, Malaysian Borneo (Coleoptera: Leiodidae, Chrysomelidae)" checkinTime="1512602447277" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Schilthuizen, Menno, Seip, Lilian A, Otani, Sean, Suhaimi, Jadda & Njunjic, Iva" docDate="2017" docId="7781A9D291F523A2CF3FAB355F14573A" docLanguage="en" docName="BiodivDatJour 5: e21947" docOrigin="Biodiversity Data Journal 5" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.5.e21947" docTitle="Colenisia chungi Schilthuizen, Seip & Otani, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="21947" masterDocId="FF9A887EFFA54B14FFDEFFF3FFF3D773" masterDocTitle="Three new minute leaf litter beetles discovered by citizen scientists in Maliau Basin, Malaysian Borneo (Coleoptera: Leiodidae, Chrysomelidae)" masterLastPageNumber="21947" masterPageNumber="21947" pageNumber="21947" updateTime="1668124492112" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Three new minute leaf litter beetles discovered by citizen scientists in Maliau Basin, Malaysian Borneo (Coleoptera: Leiodidae, Chrysomelidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Schilthuizen, Menno</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Seip, Lilian A</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Otani, Sean</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Suhaimi, Jadda</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Njunjic, Iva</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Biodiversity Data Journal</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2017</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>5</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>21947</mods:start>
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<mods:end>21947</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.5.e21947</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.5.e21947</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2828-5-21947</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7781A9D291F523A2CF3FAB355F14573A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/7781A9D291F523A2CF3FAB355F14573A" lastPageNumber="21947" pageId="0" pageNumber="21947">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="21947" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21947">
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<taxonomicName LSID="0DEB6D81-4651-4E03-BB41-DE87DE659851" authority="Schilthuizen, Seip & Otani" class="Insecta" family="Leiodidae" genus="Colenisia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Colenisia chungi" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="21947" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chungi">Colenisia chungi Schilthuizen, Seip & Otani</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="21947">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="21947" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21947">Materials</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21947">
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="2017-09-27" collectingMethod="Winkler, litter from basis of trees" collectionCode="UMS, BORN" collectorName="I. Njunjic; M. Schilthuizen; Taxon Expeditions" country="Malaysia" latitude="4.7389" location="Malaysia" longitude="116.9696" pageId="0" pageNumber="21947" specimenCode="BOR / COL / 14090" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="Holotype">
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Type status:
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<typeStatus pageId="0" pageNumber="21947">Holotype</typeStatus>
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. Occurrence: catalogNumber:
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<specimenCode pageId="0" pageNumber="21947">BOR/COL/14090</specimenCode>
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; recordedBy:
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<collectorName pageId="0" pageNumber="21947">
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I.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Njunjić">Njunjic</normalizedToken>
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; M. Schilthuizen; Taxon Expeditions
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</collectorName>
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; individualCount:
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<specimenCount pageId="0" pageNumber="21947">1</specimenCount>
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; sex:
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<specimenType pageId="0" pageNumber="21947">male</specimenType>
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; lifeStage:
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<specimenType pageId="0" pageNumber="21947">adult</specimenType>
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; preparations: card-mounted; disposition: in collection; Taxon: scientificName: Colenisiachungi; order: Coleoptera; family: Leiodidae; genus: Colenisia; specificEpithet: chungi; taxonRank: species; scientificNameAuthorship: Schilthuizen, Seip & Otani; Location: continent: Asia; island: Borneo; country:
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<collectingCountry pageId="0" pageNumber="21947">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
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; stateProvince: Sabah; municipality: Tongod; verbatimLocality: Maliau Basin, near Studies Centre, along Seraya Trail, where stream enters the river; verbatimElevation:
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<elevation pageId="0" pageNumber="21947">260 m</elevation>
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; verbatimCoordinateSystem: decimal degrees; decimalLatitude:
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<geoCoordinate orientation="latitude" pageId="0" pageNumber="21947" value="4.7389">4.7389</geoCoordinate>
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; decimalLongitude:
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<geoCoordinate orientation="longitude" pageId="0" pageNumber="21947" value="116.9696">116.9696</geoCoordinate>
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; Event: samplingProtocol:
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<collectingMethod pageId="0" pageNumber="21947">Winkler, litter from basis of trees</collectingMethod>
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; samplingEffort: 15 l of leaf litter; eventDate:
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<collectingDate pageId="0" pageNumber="21947" value="2017-09-27">2017-09-27</collectingDate>
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; habitat: lowland dipterocarp forest; fieldNumber: TxEx-MBSC1wb; Record Level: institutionID: Universiti Malaysia Sabah; collectionID: Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation, BORNEENSIS; institutionCode:
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<collectionCode pageId="0" pageNumber="21947">UMS</collectionCode>
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; collectionCode:
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<collectionCode pageId="0" pageNumber="21947">BORN</collectionCode>
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; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
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</materialsCitation>
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="2017-09-27" collectingMethod="Winkler, litter from basis of trees" collectionCode="UMS, BORN" collectorName="I. Njunjic; M. Schilthuizen; Taxon Expeditions" country="Malaysia" latitude="4.7389" location="Malaysia" longitude="116.9696" pageId="0" pageNumber="21947" specimenCode="BOR / COL / 14091" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="Paratype">
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Type status:
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<typeStatus pageId="0" pageNumber="21947">Paratype</typeStatus>
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. Occurrence: catalogNumber:
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<specimenCode pageId="0" pageNumber="21947">BOR/COL/14091</specimenCode>
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; recordedBy:
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<collectorName pageId="0" pageNumber="21947">
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I.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Njunjić">Njunjic</normalizedToken>
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; M. Schilthuizen; Taxon Expeditions
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</collectorName>
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; individualCount:
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<specimenCount pageId="0" pageNumber="21947">1</specimenCount>
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; sex:
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<specimenType pageId="0" pageNumber="21947">female</specimenType>
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; lifeStage:
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<specimenType pageId="0" pageNumber="21947">adult</specimenType>
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; preparations: card-mounted; disposition: in collection; Taxon: scientificName: Colenisiachungi; order: Coleoptera; family: Leiodidae; genus: Colenisia; specificEpithet: chungi; taxonRank: species; scientificNameAuthorship: Schilthuizen, Seip & Otani; Location: continent: Asia; island: Borneo; country:
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<collectingCountry pageId="0" pageNumber="21947">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
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; stateProvince: Sabah; municipality: Tongod; verbatimLocality: Maliau Basin, near Studies Centre, along Seraya Trail, where stream enters the river; verbatimElevation:
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<elevation pageId="0" pageNumber="21947">260 m</elevation>
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; verbatimCoordinateSystem: decimal degrees; decimalLatitude:
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<geoCoordinate orientation="latitude" pageId="0" pageNumber="21947" value="4.7389">4.7389</geoCoordinate>
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; decimalLongitude:
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<geoCoordinate orientation="longitude" pageId="0" pageNumber="21947" value="116.9696">116.9696</geoCoordinate>
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; Event: samplingProtocol:
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<collectingMethod pageId="0" pageNumber="21947">Winkler, litter from basis of trees</collectingMethod>
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; samplingEffort: 15 l of leaf litter; eventDate:
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<collectingDate pageId="0" pageNumber="21947" value="2017-09-27">2017-09-27</collectingDate>
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; habitat: lowland dipterocarp forest; fieldNumber: TxEx-MBSC1wb; Record Level: institutionID: Universiti Malaysia Sabah; collectionID: Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation, BORNEENSIS; institutionCode:
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<collectionCode pageId="0" pageNumber="21947">UMS</collectionCode>
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; collectionCode:
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<collectionCode pageId="0" pageNumber="21947">BORN</collectionCode>
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; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
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</materialsCitation>
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="2005-06-03" collectingMethod="Winkler extraction of leaf litter" collectionCode="FRCS" collectorName="A. Y. C. Chung; Momin Binto; J. L. Yukang" country="Malaysia" location="Malaysia" pageId="0" pageNumber="21947" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="Paratype">
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Type status:
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<typeStatus pageId="0" pageNumber="21947">Paratype</typeStatus>
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. Occurrence: recordedBy:
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<collectorName pageId="0" pageNumber="21947">A.Y.C. Chung; Momin Binto; J.L. Yukang</collectorName>
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; individualCount:
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<specimenCount pageId="0" pageNumber="21947">1</specimenCount>
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; sex:
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<specimenType pageId="0" pageNumber="21947">male</specimenType>
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; lifeStage:
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<specimenType pageId="0" pageNumber="21947">adult</specimenType>
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; preparations: card-mounted; dissected; coated for SEM; disposition: in collection; Taxon: scientificName: Colenisiachungi; order: Coleoptera; family: Leiodidae; genus: Colenisia; specificEpithet: chungi; taxonRank: species; scientificNameAuthorship: Schilthuizen, Seip & Otani; Location: continent: Asia; island: Borneo; country:
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<collectingCountry pageId="0" pageNumber="21947">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
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; stateProvince: Sabah; municipality: Tongod; verbatimLocality: Maliau Basin, along the Seraya Trail and Agathis Trail near the Ginseng Camp; verbatimElevation:
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<elevation pageId="0" pageNumber="21947">670 m</elevation>
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; verbatimCoordinateSystem: decimal degrees; Event: samplingProtocol:
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<collectingMethod pageId="0" pageNumber="21947">Winkler extraction of leaf litter</collectingMethod>
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; samplingEffort: 20 1-square-m units of leaf litter and soil; eventDate:
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<collectingDate value="2005-06-03">2005-03-06</collectingDate>
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/12; fieldNumber: A1 (3); Record Level: institutionID: Forest Research Centre; institutionCode:
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<collectionCode pageId="0" pageNumber="21947">FRCS</collectionCode>
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; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="21947" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21947">Description</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21947">Length of body 1.25 mm. Maximum width of elytra 0.86 mm. Head width (including the eyes) 0.46 mm. Greatest width of pronotum 0.8 mm. Winged. Short and oval, shiny and sparsely pubescent, dark chestnut, angles of pronotum, strip along suture, and head dark ochre (Fig. 2). Legs and antennomeres I-VI yellow, antennomeres VII-XI orange. Entire dorsum transversely microsculptured.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21947">
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Head: Ratio of horizontal width of eye (measured in dorsal view and perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the head) to distance between eyes: 1:7.4. Transverse microsculpture recognisable but too fine to distinguish individual cells at 50x magnification (distance between individual striae is 3-5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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; Fig. 3a). At 50x magnification, no punctuation is clearly visible. Length of antennomere III 0.8 times the length of antennomere II. Antennomere XI slightly wider than antennomere X (Fig. 5a). Mandible with 16 parallel rows transversely situated on the dorsal molar surface (Fig. 5b).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21947">
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Pronotum: Broadest at the base. Base completely straight to posterior angles. Posterior angles form a right angle, while the tip of the angle itself is slightly rounded. From posterior angles to anterior angles, the pronotum is gently curved inwards. The sides and the anterior angle have a fine groove along the entire margin. Transverse microsculpture slightly less distinct than on the head, individual grooves narrowly spaced (3-5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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apart), but just visible at 50x magnification (Fig. 3b). Punctures (when viewed at 50x magnification) fine and sparse, separated by 5-10 times their own diameter, bearing short, inconspicuous hairs.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21947">Scutellum: Microsculptured as on pronotum.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21947">
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Elytra: Broadest at basal quarter, roundly curved to apex. Surface with transverse microsculpture. Microsculpture much more pronounced than on the pronotum, already recognisable at 15x magnification. Individual horizontal striae separated from one another by ca. 20
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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(about the width of antennomere III). Punctures separated by around 5-8 times their own diameter, irregularly arranged, each with a hair that can be up to 30
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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long (Fig. 3c). Sutural stria absent.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21947">Legs: Anterior tarsomeres I-IV not markedly widened in the male.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21947">Aedeagus: Median lobe elongated, parallel-sided, at the tip extended into a flat processus reminiscent of a duck-bill. Parameres thin, short, two-thirds of the length of the median lobe, slightly widened at the tip and provided with two long hairs, each about one-third of the length of the paramere itself (Fig. 4a). In lateral view, the median lobe is gently curved and apically flattened into a wedge (Fig. 4b).</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21947">Spermatheca: A near-spherical bulb with a tube about twice as long as the diameter of the bulb and about a third of its diameter. Tube from its base narrowing to about half its own diameter towards the terminus.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="21947" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21947">Diagnosis</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21947">
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The eye size, dorsal microsculpture, shape of aedeagus and antenna, as well as the presence of irregularly arranged punctuation on the elytra, place this species near
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<taxonomicName lsidName="C. championi" pageId="0" pageNumber="21947" rank="species" species="championi">C. championi</taxonomicName>
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(Portevin 1937) from South India,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="C. pecki" pageId="0" pageNumber="21947" rank="species" species="pecki">C. pecki</taxonomicName>
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Daffner 1988 from Japan and
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<taxonomicName lsidName="C. castanea" pageId="0" pageNumber="21947" rank="species" species="castanea">C. castanea</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Švec">Svec</normalizedToken>
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2011 from China. However,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="C. championi" pageId="0" pageNumber="21947" rank="species" species="championi">C. championi</taxonomicName>
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has longer parameres and a less clearly sinuous outline of the aedeagus apex (
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<bibRefCitation author="Daffner, H" journalOrPublisher="Revue Suisse de Zoologie." pageId="0" pageNumber="21947" pagination="389 - 406" title="Die Arten der Gattung Colenisia Fauvel, 1903, aus Suedindien und Sri Lanka (Coleoptera, Leiodidae, Pseudoliodini)" volume="98" year="1991">Daffner 1991</bibRefCitation>
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).
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<taxonomicName lsidName="C. pecki" pageId="0" pageNumber="21947" rank="species" species="pecki">C. pecki</taxonomicName>
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has the 11th antennomere much smaller than in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="C. chungi" pageId="0" pageNumber="21947" rank="species" species="chungi">C. chungi</taxonomicName>
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.
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<taxonomicName lsidName="C. castanea" pageId="0" pageNumber="21947" rank="species" species="castanea">C. castanea</taxonomicName>
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has acute posterior angles of the pronotum and a more stocky aedeagus (
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<bibRefCitation author="Svec, Z" journalOrPublisher="Studies and Reports, Taxonomical Series" pageId="0" pageNumber="21947" pagination="417 - 441" title="New and less known Agathidiini and Pseudoliodini (Coleoptera: Leiodidae: Leiodinae) from China, Nepal and India" volume="7" year="2011">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Švec">Svec</normalizedToken>
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2011
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</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="21947" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21947">Etymology</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21947">Named in honour of Dr. Arthur Y. C. Chung, who collected the first known specimen in 2005.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="21947" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21947">Distribution</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21947">Known only from two locations in the valley where the Maliau river flows out of Maliau Basin, located at 290 m elevation (Maliau Basin Studies Centre) and 670 m elevation (Ginseng Camp).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="21947" type="ecology">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21947">Ecology</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="21947">Only collected from leaf litter on the forest floor in lowland dipterocarp tropical rainforest. The two specimens from the Maliau Basin Studies Centre were both collected from between buttress roots, whereas leaf litter from the forest floor yielded no specimens. Perhaps this is an indication of its preferred microhabitat.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |