treatments-xml/data/4A/B3/A3/4AB3A3D6E1CA5BD4916B0B283F01F12C.xml

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<mods:title id="4D8EE20559918BA045565652D75D9090">An assessment of Coutaportla (Chiococceae, Rubiaceae) with the description of a new species from Mexico</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="66D8737FAD6765184906D54C63F89064">Torres-Montufar, Alejandro</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="C30388D9B2AE00F23A81227872337740">Herbario FES-Cuautitlan, Departamento de Ciencias Biologicas. Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlan, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (FESC-UNAM), Cuautitlan Izcalli, Mexico</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="031CEBDCCB990D416CC831D5625B9CD4">Flores-Olvera, Hilda</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="6182C5433AFA4B965066769152EF4ED7">Departamento de Botanica, Instituto de Biologia, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="797FB60EA84B62F0289622DDFAC0C517">Avila-Gonzalez, Heriberto</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="FEB8645D6F8E422058961CACC4496364">Jardin Etnobiologico Estatal de Durango, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigacion para el Desarrollo Integral Regional, Unidad Durango (CIIDIR-Durango) - Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia, Victoria de Durango, Mexico</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="47A7770C386FCDE70A23CDD0167CAF48">Castro-Castro, Arturo</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="53A7A198547764B21FE641BA49DA6479" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2864-5180</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="63C0B3BE1CBDF624E650EF2525B00CD4">Catedras CONACYT, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigacion para el Desarrollo Integral Regional, Unidad Durango (CIIDIR-Durango), Victoria de Durango, Mexico</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="11E99B19F555A817559DC73F39A16868">Ochoterena, Helga</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="E318AD34FD48611727DDCDB7900ED1E6">Departamento de Botanica, Instituto de Biologia, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="299D8FB6383E6C6CA7B68F4986C29C28">2023</mods:date>
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<treatment id="4AB3A3D6E1CA5BD4916B0B283F01F12C" ID-GBIF-Taxon="208791346" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4AB3A3D6E1CA5BD4916B0B283F01F12C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4AB3A3D6E1CA5BD4916B0B283F01F12C" lastPageNumber="3" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">
<subSubSection id="93ADB33AFFD471B420FF06346DF3A0D1" pageId="0" pageNumber="3" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="AD9B72A3E82A688937E329159EB7136A" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">
<taxonomicName id="D7F2B12E2D22BDCFA39860DCE3D5F531" ID-CoL="CD4SN" LSID="4AB3A3D6-E1CA-5BD4-916B-0B283F01F12C" authority="Torr. - Montúfar, H. Ochot. &amp; Art. Castro" authorityName="Torr. - Montufar, H. Ochot. &amp; Art. Castro" authorityYear="2023" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Coutaportla" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Coutaportla lorenceana" order="Gentianales" pageId="0" pageNumber="3" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lorenceana" status="sp. nov.">
Coutaportla lorenceana Torr.- 
<normalizedToken id="950F69B0BAB4F76A40D66610A1C03864" originalValue="Montúfar">Montufar</normalizedToken>
, H.Ochot. &amp; Art.Castro
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="7897B6A3835DD38D76E3A68A82D494FA" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<paragraph id="B8C36B46936B704A814F3D694BDA8A5E" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">
<figureCitation id="FB29CF84A7B1FB18F8B0334FA6AE281C" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Coutaportla lorenceana. A. Flowering branch. B. Detail of the venation on the abaxial leaf surface. C. Stipule and immature fruiting branch. D. Inflorescence. E. Flower. F. Ovary and calyx longitudinally dissected. G. Dissected corolla. H. Androecium. I. Detail of the puberulent filaments. J. Style. K. Capsule longitudinally dissected showing seed attachment. L. Seed. Drawn by Albino Luna (A-J, from A. Castro-Castro et al. 4532; K-L from A. Castro-Castro et al. 4695)." figureDoi="10.5091/plecevo.89764.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/790952" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">Figs 1</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="C7A95E088AB402594A77F0CC9054C0E6" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Coutaportla lorenceana. A. Habit. B. Twigs showing intrapetiolar persistent stipules. C. Flowering branch. D. Inflorescences showing corolla shape and colour. E. Longitudinal section of the ovary showing apical placentation in lateral (perpendicular to the fruit compression plane) and frontal (parallel to the fruit compression plane) views. F. Immature fruits. Photographs by Arturo Castro-Castro (A-D, F) and Helga Ochoterena (E)." figureDoi="10.5091/plecevo.89764.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/790953" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">, 2</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9D033DDD66B879B5A83C6EABBC1A7477" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">
<taxonomicName id="513CDDC820D8827A2811DA3FCFDDE405" authority="Torres-Montúfar &amp; Flores-Olvera &amp; Ávila-González &amp; Castro-Castro &amp; Ochoterena, 2023" authorityName="Torres-Montúfar &amp; Flores-Olvera &amp; Ávila-González &amp; Castro-Castro &amp; Ochoterena" authorityYear="2023" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Chiococca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chiococca grandiflora" order="Gentianales" pageId="0" pageNumber="3" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="grandiflora" status="sp. nov.">Chiococca grandiflora</taxonomicName>
Lorence &amp; T.Van Devender, pro parte (
<bibRefCitation id="A5E5E1B72284AE769A4F921E34FC4DB0" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.98.25170" author="Lorence, DH" journalOrPublisher="PhytoKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="3" pagination="73 - 83" refId="B17" refString="Lorence, DH, Van Devender, TR, Ferguson, GM, 2018. Chiococca grandiflora (Rubiaceae), a new species from Northern Mexico. PhytoKeys 98: 73 - 83, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.98.25170" title="Chiococca grandiflora (Rubiaceae), a new species from Northern Mexico." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.98.25170" volume="98" year="2018">Lorence et al. 2018</bibRefCitation>
: only paratypes cited on page 76: 
<emphasis id="2437B0ECFB0F031C953F08949BC9C698" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">T. Walker s.n.</emphasis>
(ARIZ-212520), 
<emphasis id="53C4504A9143AC12F2A3194A53987265" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">S. Walker s.n.</emphasis>
(UTC-00263027; ARIZ-181630); 
<emphasis id="8EB4661D14B4390ADA37DC4D5F2963F9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">S. Walker 70,043</emphasis>
(K); see Notes).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C281EF2B60CE1876E56A4B1C976C7C9F" pageId="0" pageNumber="3" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="E634A39DC02667C76D9C7E30BBA7384D" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">
<typeStatus id="26B3B14CF365D262C2D12AB0A4FDA38A">Type</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5264C8DA60105D9E2757CEF06025F825" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">
<materialsCitation id="0579ABB715A5696890D1EF126E649DE3" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4012813301" collectingDate="2019-09-10" collectorName="Concordia. El Palmito, Castro-Castro, Avila-Gonzalez., Zavala-Perez" country="MEXICO" elevation="1980" latitude="23.56444" location="Santuario Chara Pinta" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-105.848885" municipality="Municipio" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sinaloa" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry id="B7A7DB0435C6DA10DE0222E8D9325096" name="Mexico">MEXICO</collectingCountry>
• 
<collectingRegion id="2710B80A6EC074C5F18108260608C69E" country="Mexico" name="Sinaloa">Sinaloa</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingMunicipality id="5E6E243F1B786BF4AD0AA949BF1E5AF0">Municipio</collectingMunicipality>
: 
<collectorName id="7E3841A7159B62B770CF6E740E060068">Concordia. El Palmito</collectorName>
, alrededores del acceso principal al 
<location id="766A1972C3B6C0AB64E1E9F12A3E9B67" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4AB3A3D6E1CA5BD4916B0B283F01F12C:766A1972C3B6C0AB64E1E9F12A3E9B67" country="MEXICO" latitude="23.56444" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-105.848885" municipality="Municipio" name="Santuario Chara Pinta" stateProvince="Sinaloa">Santuario Chara Pinta</location>
; 
<geoCoordinate id="21892598ADFA7431781F0419AEBDF131" degrees="23.56444" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="23.56444">23.56444°N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="AADDFF81CEEAFF43E6772B206035B0D1" degrees="105.848882" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-105.848885">105.848882°W</geoCoordinate>
; 
<quantity id="AFC2EF2C5365F78D24B96ECA2569F5EC" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.98" unit="m" value="1980.0">
<elevation id="63F7B49DA26B0379ACBE49476A40C0B5" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.98" unit="m" value="1980.0">1980 m</elevation>
</quantity>
; 
<collectingDate id="B4917AF8BEAFFEEF4FEEC016613F0D67" value="2019-09-10">10 Sep. 2019</collectingDate>
; fl.; 
<emphasis id="43DD207062B1E8980F1EC4A8BD2E4681" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">
<collectorName id="DD059826D49FFBF72DB2E18826EABF38">Castro-Castro</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName id="EFF04B5936DF6A1FEDBED69CBFF1A06B">
<normalizedToken id="5D05212F032DD589343AB99A7D564084" originalValue="Ávila-González">Avila-Gonzalez</normalizedToken>
.
</collectorName>
&amp; 
<normalizedToken id="5E0AB4FBE7A006C564A0CB93797248C7" originalValue="Zavala-Pérez">
<collectorName id="4927E23978E532BFE09149D22884A8C1">Zavala-Perez</collectorName>
</normalizedToken>
4532
</emphasis>
; 
<typeStatus id="888D69156B2DDF6BA72A2205192724F0">holotype</typeStatus>
: MEXU; isotype: CIIDIR, FCME, FESC, IEB, IBUG, MO, PTBG, SLPM
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="6D572B6EAA523E57C80C26F5552E595D" pageId="0" pageNumber="3" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="DA3D1893FD470535BAA0C84D40F892EA" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E8EE01A07FAAC3BB9D91D841CB9B9794" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">
<taxonomicName id="3F36646909F55758F58D94F9C27AC0FC" authorityName="Torr. - Montufar, H. Ochot. &amp; Art. Castro" authorityYear="2023" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Coutaportla" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Coutaportla lorenceana" order="Gentianales" pageId="0" pageNumber="3" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lorenceana">
<emphasis id="ED823718F22B478F0F5669AF6B1ADD48" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">Coutaportla lorenceana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from all the other species in the genus by the lavender corollas, the apical ovule placentation, and the capsules with 1-seeded locules. It most closely resembles 
<taxonomicName id="7D512993B45B3A9F82C3D7A5EAEC6196" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Coutaportla" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. ghiesbreghtiana" order="Gentianales" pageId="0" pageNumber="3" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ghiesbreghtiana">
<emphasis id="CDAEF554029E793939A7E8F537BC1E97" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">C. ghiesbreghtiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Baill.) Urb. by the treelet habit and leaf size and shape, but it differs by the leaves acuminate at the apex (vs apiculate in 
<taxonomicName id="F2823A78FB7FF0DF6A8C2FE8B50D1202" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Coutaportla" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. ghiesbreghtiana" order="Gentianales" pageId="0" pageNumber="3" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ghiesbreghtiana">
<emphasis id="16838445BA50B4F637A775FB6AF857B7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">C. ghiesbreghtiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), the chartaceous leaf blades (vs subcoriaceous in 
<taxonomicName id="C16FEDB4AECAA24BF994215B11713BC5" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Coutaportla" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. ghiesbreghtiana" order="Gentianales" pageId="0" pageNumber="3" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ghiesbreghtiana">
<emphasis id="783BC74064EF3304943BC6F056AD8E96" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">C. ghiesbreghtiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), the 3-9-flowered inflorescences (vs solitary flowers in 
<taxonomicName id="33FDF081A4DA8A2BE2E5606D1E992E44" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Coutaportla" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. ghiesbreghtiana" order="Gentianales" pageId="0" pageNumber="3" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ghiesbreghtiana">
<emphasis id="7C5C1C1CCF14EEDA57E84F94A853CFBC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">C. ghiesbreghtiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), and the lavender corollas (vs white in 
<taxonomicName id="2BC0933A4E3DBF76057A1D90E5D19703" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Coutaportla" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. ghiesbreghtiana" order="Gentianales" pageId="0" pageNumber="3" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ghiesbreghtiana">
<emphasis id="61E408798AC19E7D362B392333A3014B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">C. ghiesbreghtiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FA82540E9CE65EE2CBC39745B633BAF3" pageId="0" pageNumber="3" type="description">
<paragraph id="B37022EDD13B526F62D02D5D31199EDB" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C814CA2557900ADC0250C1A1B345355E" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">
Treelets 2-4 m tall. Twigs glabrous, greenish-brown, terete, striated; apical twigs resinous. Stipules rigid, broadly deltoid, 1.8-2.3 
<normalizedToken id="030B8A6C4F1D57110F9BB290CE5AC2CD" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
2-3.8 mm, acuminate at apex, basally connate, externally glabrous, internally with resinous colleters. Leaves petiolate, those of the same pair equal to subequal; petioles glabrous, 8-17 mm long, adaxially flat, distally winged; blades elliptic to elliptic-lanceolate, 1.3-5.8 
<normalizedToken id="5CF515FA61C2C06FB6A05808C8D042CF" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
0.8-1.4 cm, attenuate at base, acuminate at apex (acumen up to 1 cm long), chartaceous, matte and glabrous on both sides, concolorous; venation brochidodromous, 4-6 pairs of secondary veins on each side of midrib; domatia absent. Inflorescence axillary or rarely terminal on lateral branches, cymose, 3-9 flowered, 2.3-3.5 cm long (including the corollas); peduncles 0.2-1.4 cm long; bracts triangular, 1.3 
<normalizedToken id="BE5255252E4F5564FF27B09D5C416ABE" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
0.5 mm. Flowers 4(-5)-merous; pedicels 1-4 mm long; hypanthium obconical, laterally flattened, 1-2 mm long. Calyx tube 0.4 mm long, lobes equal, subulate, rigid, erect, 1-1.5 
<normalizedToken id="76D3B63DA02E199A0B5A2BA44FF6FCA5" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
0.3-0.4 mm, colleters absent. Corolla infundibuliform, lavender, tube 1.7-2.5 cm long, 0.7-0.9 cm wide at mouth, externally and internally glabrous; lobes narrowly imbricate in bud, triangular. Stamens 1.8-2.7 cm long; filaments puberulent; anthers linear. Style 2.3-2.8 cm long, glabrate. Ovules apically inserted. Capsule oblate, 4-5 
<normalizedToken id="9A351998CBAB883C3BFBF4196736F398" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
4-5 mm. Seeds one per locule, thin, discoid, 3 
<normalizedToken id="FA3CBEFCCC6920F00C4FF8683E7A6FA3" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
1.2 mm, brown; testa granulate.
</paragraph>
<caption id="08C30FEC13E395416E0959F1141BA2F2" doi="10.5091/plecevo.89764.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/790952" pageId="0" pageNumber="3" start="Figure 1" startId="F1">
<paragraph id="B925DB978486D7502FF521646828C8E9" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis id="3157CFDD2E913F3AC6778DC2F9FF2C3A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">Figure 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="C76D0D5E79B8896C5F84EEE5F52B3648" authorityName="Torr. - Montufar, H. Ochot. &amp; Art. Castro" authorityYear="2023" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Coutaportla" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Coutaportla lorenceana" order="Gentianales" pageId="0" pageNumber="3" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lorenceana">
<emphasis id="14C272302EAEA3CC19DE8C71C1A7D3F1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">Coutaportla lorenceana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 
<emphasis id="C88EF963AF075BF003164BA5BAA10EAB" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">A</emphasis>
. Flowering branch. 
<emphasis id="B4230CA19F0E193FAA4CBA0D90ECE0AC" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">B</emphasis>
. Detail of the venation on the abaxial leaf surface. 
<emphasis id="00EF326D7F1D1D459BE9F0D76DABB076" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">C</emphasis>
. Stipule and immature fruiting branch. 
<emphasis id="088BF4E3DB1F34F385D7B0B1A112B56C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">D</emphasis>
. Inflorescence. 
<emphasis id="05E1FA737D1A09E89E633FB008E526B7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">E</emphasis>
. Flower. 
<emphasis id="D2C8BE9F165342D9A6BF3004001593FA" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">F</emphasis>
. Ovary and calyx longitudinally dissected. 
<emphasis id="821661A8C7D874E2A50DC9D4B1BEF5F4" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">G</emphasis>
. Dissected corolla. 
<emphasis id="8C560E7938FCFF0BFD3B0237A42C8BF9" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">H</emphasis>
. Androecium. 
<emphasis id="19905555787CFAB468497C6B82BE8098" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">I</emphasis>
. Detail of the puberulent filaments. 
<emphasis id="0EDF6113FB4F64AEE9C6CDB967DA9CD5" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">J</emphasis>
. Style. 
<emphasis id="EABC1BF5AA6C84194B9B1FB12A4506AD" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">K</emphasis>
. Capsule longitudinally dissected showing seed attachment. 
<emphasis id="2738306217005D7ED86C57A27B8324F1" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">L</emphasis>
. Seed. Drawn by Albino Luna (A-J, from 
<emphasis id="CD9351099ADBB19105321D7CF72F47A3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">A. Castro-Castro et al. 4532</emphasis>
; K-L from 
<emphasis id="22E35B3D610CA0A57ACD778F9D5AA154" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">A. Castro-Castro et al. 4695</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="0111C4161C9E3DEDD9F101FA78C10AFD" doi="10.5091/plecevo.89764.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/790953" pageId="0" pageNumber="3" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
<paragraph id="D9BCB59611038CC778B233B5945D733A" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis id="FCB46A657FFE9CCD1E45F7C4F41B5672" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">Figure 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="A8FB68E89344BA278EF34FF32C73F19A" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Coutaportla" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Coutaportla lorenceana." order="Gentianales" pageId="0" pageNumber="3" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lorenceana.">
<emphasis id="30325BEF1819923DB8D82E00CE005EBE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">Coutaportla lorenceana.</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="38084494BDC519A030955F4F00E8CC47" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">A</emphasis>
. Habit. 
<emphasis id="529DD8AA6BD1752F30D9E43739E45D2D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">B</emphasis>
. Twigs showing intrapetiolar persistent stipules. 
<emphasis id="66D2F18EE448675B0725385676CDD1D1" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">C</emphasis>
. Flowering branch. 
<emphasis id="C8C08A55FB445129E518DD0BAD017820" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">D</emphasis>
. Inflorescences showing corolla shape and colour. 
<emphasis id="F5696139946CBBC0E36D562DF13C22C5" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">E</emphasis>
. Longitudinal section of the ovary showing apical placentation in lateral (perpendicular to the fruit compression plane) and frontal (parallel to the fruit compression plane) views. 
<emphasis id="D7367F4E56CFEDEF98055FED139C3BAE" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">F</emphasis>
. Immature fruits. Photographs by Arturo Castro-Castro (A-D, F) and Helga Ochoterena (E).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="05813AB3D158DD8391AB92A5D8CCA575" pageId="0" pageNumber="3" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="2EA052DAF98D4FF82E2E429F543F9EF2" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">Distribution and habitat.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="98186D9DA4AD176D7F974563C19D496D" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">
Endemic to Mexico. Only known from the oak-pine forest in El Palmito, Sinaloa state, on rocky slopes, in the Tropical Madrean Region (
<bibRefCitation id="A4FB8B39D96059E1FD9049101DBE472D" DOI="https://doi.org/10.21829/abm100.2012.40" author="Gonzalez-Elizondo, MS" journalOrPublisher="Acta Botanica Brasilica" pageId="0" pageNumber="3" refId="B12" refString="Gonzalez-Elizondo, MS, Gonzalez-Elizondo, M, Tena-Flores, JA, Ruacho-Gonzalez, L, Lopez-Enriquez, I, 2012. Vegetacion de la Sierra Madre Occidental, Mexico: una sintesis. Acta Botanica Mexicana 100: 351-403. https://doi.org/10.21829/abm100.2012.40" title="Vegetacion de la Sierra Madre Occidental, Mexico: una sintesis. Acta Botanica Mexicana 100: 351 - 403." url="https://doi.org/10.21829/abm100.2012.40" year="2012">
<normalizedToken id="FFA6C1513047D588410F31B3FA0D966E" originalValue="González-Elizondo">Gonzalez-Elizondo</normalizedToken>
et al. 2012
</bibRefCitation>
) of the Sierra Madre Occidental (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="9E98FE769E89BA2D905695CEA9D7255A" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Single known locality of Coutaportla lorenceana (red circles) in the Sierra Madre Occidental." figureDoi="10.5091/plecevo.89764.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/790954" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">3</figureCitation>
), where the predominant climate is temperate-subhumid, with rains in the summer and a marked dry season in the late spring. It occurs about 1950 to 1980 m a.s.l. The only known population consists of numerous individuals associated with 
<taxonomicName id="8FE9157D39EB0B3E1ABF646775C3E966" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Agave" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Agave inaequidens subsp. barrancensis" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="3" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="inaequidens" subSpecies="barrancensis">Agave inaequidens subsp. barrancensis</taxonomicName>
Gentry, 
<taxonomicName id="6B36351F32E3659B8E8020B0568F31E8" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ericaceae" genus="Arbutus" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Arbutus tessellata" order="Ericales" pageId="0" pageNumber="3" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tessellata">
<emphasis id="1CC52C323A8049BE742AF179B58D5B43" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">Arbutus tessellata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
P.D. 
<normalizedToken id="DA6139D42F4C9BC0F3CE4E7C4CC747A0" originalValue="Sørensen">Sorensen</normalizedToken>
, 
<taxonomicName id="1301685D42B6A2B5C25FB0151836AAB5" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Calliandra" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calliandra houstoniana" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="3" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="houstoniana">
<emphasis id="867CE79EDA132355AFA69B66500CD53D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">Calliandra houstoniana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Mill.) Standl., 
<taxonomicName id="81D74A4D28C93998A1BE7A170E3CD96D" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Montanoa" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Montanoa leucantha subsp. arborescens" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="3" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="leucantha" subSpecies="arborescens">Montanoa leucantha subsp. arborescens</taxonomicName>
V.A.Funk, 
<taxonomicName id="0F61F633A234E78E710DF80B63150C03" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Muhlenbergia" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Muhlenbergia" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="3" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="9B961A9DC634AC75D54F0C6C8AF5E5EC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">Muhlenbergia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
spp., 
<taxonomicName id="ECC76B8348803B88D75CC538C3508A42" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Opuntia" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Opuntia" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="0" pageNumber="3" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="336B5746B6231C90951D69D2B4DFF7F2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">Opuntia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp., 
<taxonomicName id="0B1637C861605D5240B2C142252DC716" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pinus herrerae" order="Pinales" pageId="0" pageNumber="3" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="herrerae">
<emphasis id="1CA3DADEA000AEC2D8E152A8024CD2B5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">Pinus herrerae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken id="95564366BF40B7A61C4AB7E6CFB2A920" originalValue="Martínez">Martinez</normalizedToken>
, 
<taxonomicName id="5C3039141E75E80D86A52495E6A14E81" lsidName="P. lumholtzii" pageId="0" pageNumber="3" rank="species" species="lumholtzii">
<emphasis id="C79880EF697E0B1FC8CA77BA08FE93DE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">P. lumholtzii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
B.L.Rob. &amp; Fernald, 
<taxonomicName id="D2AA87C6542FE30ED891AD5AA4224C6A" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Quercus candicans" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="3" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="candicans">
<emphasis id="E572FDF12705E6D9733F037D0B4BBB19" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">Quercus candicans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken id="F698DDB9E8138C83198AE3EF1DD71CD0" originalValue="Née">Nee</normalizedToken>
, 
<taxonomicName id="33AAFD8E2B36A4874C918CDD10DC1FAC" lsidName="Q. scytophylla" pageId="0" pageNumber="3" rank="species" species="scytophylla">
<emphasis id="32F5875E67695CC8348E6E5F05605021" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">Q. scytophylla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Liebm., 
<taxonomicName id="C379F534D2510EAD3055D6D1EEA58B7D" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Tithonia" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Tithonia calva" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="3" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="calva">
<emphasis id="3A74CC941CB7D3C6BA37E2D3E9200DA6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">Tithonia calva</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Sch.Bip., and 
<taxonomicName id="8C73EBA90BA900C98D31E8FAED5DE02B" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Vachellia" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Vachellia pennatula" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="3" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pennatula">
<emphasis id="B683E89A0B330E889EC841BBBB4B54C7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">Vachellia pennatula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Schltdl. &amp; Cham.) Seigler &amp; Ebinger.
</paragraph>
<caption id="06FE6E0E83085D5A1D32EFD9E35408D2" doi="10.5091/plecevo.89764.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/790954" pageId="0" pageNumber="3" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
<paragraph id="35A800EDE15A307756A6A3D2E99C6590" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis id="56631C71A3FA79A9BA22BFABD4F152D0" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">Figure 3.</emphasis>
Single known locality of 
<taxonomicName id="7F0D114978E8378CEDE7D81659ED5C6C" authorityName="Torr. - Montufar, H. Ochot. &amp; Art. Castro" authorityYear="2023" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Coutaportla" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Coutaportla lorenceana" order="Gentianales" pageId="0" pageNumber="3" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lorenceana">
<emphasis id="0695AD05E52F0B6388342B7C15842E8B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">Coutaportla lorenceana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(red circles) in the Sierra Madre Occidental.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3C2829733D90A78D98B423EEC846D639" pageId="0" pageNumber="3" type="phenology">
<paragraph id="38356476C0D56B25171D5F31B25974A8" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">Phenology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AF284B52EFC8277007D77E578F9F1DF2" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">Flowering in September and fruiting in October and November.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="EAF76AA586F361E1F0432BFCCF00F9BF" pageId="0" pageNumber="3" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="F4912FE3D6E5C271A608B29122C0E6EC" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4BAA3A0CD05C3FE70B2B63E45A5E0FE8" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">
The specific epithet is dedicated to David Lorence, who has immensely contributed to the knowledge of Mexican 
<taxonomicName id="2937A5BBD33FC6DB15CBA8998C24E840" authorityName="Urb. (Urban" authorityYear="1923" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Gentianales" pageId="0" pageNumber="3" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Rubiaceae</taxonomicName>
, establishing for the first time an enviable collection for the family at MEXU, which serves as an invaluable basis for research.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9F50575A06EB8FFBD11B05DE2DB01EE3" pageId="0" pageNumber="3" type="iucn conservation assessment">
<paragraph id="90B21942A2F73090BA193071B4FD029F" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">IUCN conservation assessment.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E49B823BFC6F53BCBEA8E125EC0AA0A9" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">
The species is given a Red List status of Critically Endangered [CR B1a+b(iii); B2a+b(iii)]. 
<taxonomicName id="E60ED71D108BDEA2B8C37EE72B5E6ED4" authorityName="Torr. - Montufar, H. Ochot. &amp; Art. Castro" authorityYear="2023" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Coutaportla" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Coutaportla lorenceana" order="Gentianales" pageId="0" pageNumber="3" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lorenceana">
<emphasis id="D7CB5146C762A5158553BDA2B838EB45" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">Coutaportla lorenceana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is known from three collections, representing three occurrences, at relative proximity around El Palmito in Mexico. The extent of occurrence (EOO) is of 0.76 km2 and the area of occupancy (AOO) is of 8 km2. Both EOO and AOO fall within the limits of the Critically Endangered (CR) category under subcriteria B1 and B2. Since this species occurs at a single location and is threatened by logging and agricultural encroachment, it meets the conditions for the CR category.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="92AE0E0B500145E1C103564EEC520694" pageId="0" pageNumber="3" type="type material">
<paragraph id="DA0D4C353B9D80FFCC4F058029772321" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">Additional material examined (paratypes).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="615F233BFBB53741F84A131DE3772C40" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">
MEXICO • Sinaloa: Municipio: Concordia, El Palmito, km 201 de la Carretera 
<normalizedToken id="B8DD1F609C38E36A64D80A52A974265E" originalValue="Durango-Mazatlán">Durango-Mazatlan</normalizedToken>
; 
<geoCoordinate id="6726893CD40BAA2F98C664A9F7505D2D" degrees="23.566917" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="23.566917">23.566917°N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="5B6B8CFE38C7DC5E6911DFA896502A73" degrees="105.84525" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-105.84525">105.84525°W</geoCoordinate>
; 1966 m; 6 Nov. 2020; fr.; 
<emphasis id="5787C3A6CD50398411A69C40BA4528D6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">Castro-Castro</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis id="C29B0C00F5A68C644F1BB9682BF33218" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">
<normalizedToken id="97683D1DBE8C9FB108E99CF6CA582538" originalValue="Ávila-González">Avila-Gonzalez</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
&amp; 
<emphasis id="AE77219AC82D670220AD51FD901FC077" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">
<normalizedToken id="D9F0ABDDED7BCB06AFC05819173B8BCE" originalValue="González-Gallegos">Gonzalez-Gallegos</normalizedToken>
4695
</emphasis>
; CIIDIR, FCME, FESC, MEXU • Ca 2 km al N de El Palmito; 1955 m; 24 Oct. 2017; fr.; 
<emphasis id="C25764E9BCF74A69CA6029F67BCDCAEA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">
<normalizedToken id="8A1A0A4B216EBBEC1A26599DB62F6AB3" originalValue="Torres-Montúfar">Torres-Montufar</normalizedToken>
, 
<normalizedToken id="408E8DE42AC2DABB9BC17225F29EBB37" originalValue="Morales-García">Morales-Garcia</normalizedToken>
&amp; Castro-Castro 987
</emphasis>
; ENCB, FESC, MO, PTBG.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5035989D45349C08FD23184F0120E5CD" pageId="0" pageNumber="3" type="notes">
<paragraph id="0C8583B27BA0EC7D8D21807870F72F2A" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">Notes.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C66A3163FB6A4ACECED1000DA441E2B5" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">
<bibRefCitation id="E0EDC6ABDA9C29DD7482BB5258275EEC" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.98.25170" author="Lorence, DH" journalOrPublisher="PhytoKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="3" pagination="73 - 83" refId="B17" refString="Lorence, DH, Van Devender, TR, Ferguson, GM, 2018. Chiococca grandiflora (Rubiaceae), a new species from Northern Mexico. PhytoKeys 98: 73 - 83, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.98.25170" title="Chiococca grandiflora (Rubiaceae), a new species from Northern Mexico." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.98.25170" volume="98" year="2018">Lorence et al. (2018)</bibRefCitation>
described 
<taxonomicName id="DA8A24E98CB6CBE3C08EF1C44DB46324" authorityName="Torres-Montúfar &amp; Flores-Olvera &amp; Ávila-González &amp; Castro-Castro &amp; Ochoterena" authorityYear="2023" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Chiococca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chiococca grandiflora" order="Gentianales" pageId="0" pageNumber="3" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="grandiflora">
<emphasis id="F24E547EA33B7F456E94D610AA6E5A15" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">Chiococca grandiflora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Lorence &amp; T.Van Devender and included as paratypes some collections from El Palmito, Sinaloa (
<emphasis id="FC591A2D86233742149B38BF8DDAA31A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">S. Walker s.n.</emphasis>
(UTC-00263027, ARIZ-181630), 
<emphasis id="B6C85F2DA60D51BC284D1DCE244F896C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">T. Walker s.n.</emphasis>
(ARIZ-212520), 
<emphasis id="3C2EA712FF189711097C4AA3069EAAC5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">S. Walker 70,043</emphasis>
(K)), while the holotype was collected from Sonora (
<emphasis id="8AD80727F24936C1F12FDC620E7A14AC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">P.S. Martin et al. s.n.</emphasis>
(ARIZ-309922)), on the Pacific slope of the Sierra Madre Occidental. The holotype is vegetatively quite similar to 
<taxonomicName id="E5332683477E344ECFA2B3AAF2BBB239" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Coutaportla" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. lorenceana" order="Gentianales" pageId="0" pageNumber="3" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lorenceana">
<emphasis id="F3FD0F2EF659DB8950B28D2ACDD2DC12" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">C. lorenceana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the stipule and leaf morphology, but the two species differ by the number of flowers per inflorescence (solitary to 3-flowered in 
<taxonomicName id="D70586F0C15CA0A286B4032CFAA1C9CB" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Coutaportla" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. grandiflora" order="Gentianales" pageId="0" pageNumber="3" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="grandiflora">
<emphasis id="A5326FE985787D85377AD89B2D261FFA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">C. grandiflora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
vs 3- to 9-flowered in 
<taxonomicName id="3F31C5090B3AF7158C265C10024144AA" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Coutaportla" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. lorenceana" order="Gentianales" pageId="0" pageNumber="3" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lorenceana">
<emphasis id="227290FD56D493DA221564C1DDAD108C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">C. lorenceana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), flower merosity (always 5-merous in 
<taxonomicName id="47D38B7723A3DCF867A24A22AE5170DE" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Coutaportla" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. grandiflora" order="Gentianales" pageId="0" pageNumber="3" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="grandiflora">
<emphasis id="C5EF4D8390F11AC0506F889B47E4623A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">C. grandiflora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
vs 4-merous to rarely 5-merous in 
<taxonomicName id="68A4A58678E8232875712E6D74E3EC25" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Coutaportla" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. lorenceana" order="Gentianales" pageId="0" pageNumber="3" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lorenceana">
<emphasis id="B3C2625BB80EE95C1C952E634B93ED2B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">C. lorenceana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), flower colour (white in 
<taxonomicName id="5E6AC6ABDAD601A8A309B560A944BF32" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Coutaportla" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. grandiflora" order="Gentianales" pageId="0" pageNumber="3" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="grandiflora">
<emphasis id="5D1F367571A2BC1B3F089674796DC333" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">C. grandiflora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
vs lavender in 
<taxonomicName id="C36FDF127582283BDCA2A9FC20E09DE7" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Coutaportla" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. lorenceana" order="Gentianales" pageId="0" pageNumber="3" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lorenceana">
<emphasis id="8483901D30DF740BA409D738C5B4CAC9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">C. lorenceana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), and mature fruit texture (fleshy in 
<taxonomicName id="C8EA7D25550623FDABC5A5FBF122CC8B" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Coutaportla" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. grandiflora" order="Gentianales" pageId="0" pageNumber="3" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="grandiflora">
<emphasis id="42EBB7414C360B3751F39A1233D75F0A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">C. grandiflora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
vs dry in 
<taxonomicName id="917ABC17F2439A0086E11EFBC6592A07" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Coutaportla" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. lorenceana" order="Gentianales" pageId="0" pageNumber="3" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lorenceana">
<emphasis id="8E0484C1FBD5BDFDE0879546FB1974AB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">C. lorenceana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). We consider that the paratypes of 
<taxonomicName id="AC943F6E48A4D6E351DB50AA5397DF20" authorityName="Torres-Montúfar &amp; Flores-Olvera &amp; Ávila-González &amp; Castro-Castro &amp; Ochoterena" authorityYear="2023" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Chiococca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chiococca grandiflora" order="Gentianales" pageId="0" pageNumber="3" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="grandiflora">
<emphasis id="BF5ADEB1C12EE96E014042E1A430C3F5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">Chiococca grandiflora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from El Palmito belong in 
<taxonomicName id="32F3BB8DF4E1336C8F9E83ED5B9332AF" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Coutaportla" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. lorenceana" order="Gentianales" pageId="0" pageNumber="3" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lorenceana">
<emphasis id="9C9121AAB7741EA298A654AB9FE777C1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">C. lorenceana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and therefore, the former species is considered a synonym pro parte. Our observation is supported by 
<bibRefCitation id="608FF7134D21EB15E89E6506D6C1E173" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.98.25170" author="Lorence, DH" journalOrPublisher="PhytoKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="3" pagination="73 - 83" refId="B17" refString="Lorence, DH, Van Devender, TR, Ferguson, GM, 2018. Chiococca grandiflora (Rubiaceae), a new species from Northern Mexico. PhytoKeys 98: 73 - 83, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.98.25170" title="Chiococca grandiflora (Rubiaceae), a new species from Northern Mexico." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.98.25170" volume="98" year="2018">Lorence et al. (2018)</bibRefCitation>
who highlighted some differences among the holotype and the paratypes: the flower density being the most evident, as well as the corolla merosity and colour, clearly lavender in the specimens from El Palmito (e.g. 
<emphasis id="040E8B3DDCBFCE27C4B4330AD28E02DE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">S. Walker s.n.</emphasis>
(UTC-00263027)).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>