147 lines
12 KiB
XML
147 lines
12 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6779158" ID-GBIF-Dataset="c0cd46f6-682c-4b64-8efa-ab19bef80cf3" ID-ISBN="978-84-16728-08-4" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6779158" approvalRequired="7" approvalRequired_for_textStreams="7" checkinTime="1655754179092" checkinUser="valdenar" docAuthor="Russell A. Mittermeier & Don E. Wilson" docDate="2018" docId="E75FB01DFA54FFA4BF728395FD166CE4" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_8_Tupaiidae_0242.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 8 Insectivores, Sloths and Colugos, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Tupaia nicobarica" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="265" masterDocId="1B66C865FA50FFA0BF07817AFFEF657D" masterDocTitle="Tupaiidae" masterLastPageNumber="269" masterPageNumber="242" pageNumber="265" updateTime="1658345010043" updateUser="valdenar">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Tupaiidae</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:originInfo>
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<mods:dateIssued>2018</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther type="pubDate">2018-07-31</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher>Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:place>
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<mods:placeTerm>Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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</mods:place>
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</mods:originInfo>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 8 Insectivores, Sloths and Colugos</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>242</mods:start>
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<mods:end>269</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification>book chapter</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6779158</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">c0cd46f6-682c-4b64-8efa-ab19bef80cf3</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISBN">978-84-16728-08-4</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">6779158</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6779190" ID-GBIF-Taxon="196368987" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6779190" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E75FB01DFA54FFA4BF728395FD166CE4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E75FB01DFA54FFA4BF728395FD166CE4" lastPageNumber="265" pageId="4" pageNumber="265">
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<heading pageId="4" pageNumber="265">
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<subSubSection box="[117,148,751,801]" pageId="4" pageNumber="265" type="multiple">
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<paragraph blockId="4.[114,1076,751,844]" box="[117,148,751,801]" pageId="4" pageNumber="265">
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<figureCitation box="[117,148,751,801]" captionStart="Plate 12: Tupaiidae" captionStartId="2.[119,149,3338,3359]" captionTargetBox="[12,2732,14,3637]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="1. Northern Smooth-tailed Treeshrew (Dendrogale murina), 2. Bornean Smooth-tailed Treeshrew (Dendrogale melanura), 3. Madras Treeshrew (Anathana ellioti), 4. Northern Treeshrew (Tupaia belangeri), 5. Lesser Treeshrew (Tupaia minor), 6. Common Treeshrew (Tupaia glis), 7. Nicobar Treeshrew (Tupaia nicobarica), 8. Sumatran Treeshrew (Tupaia ferruginea), 9. Golden-bellied Treeshrew (Tupaia chrysogaster), 10. Banka Island Treeshrew (Tupaia discolor), 11. Horsfield’s Treeshrew (Tupaia javanica), 12. Javan Treeshrew (Tupaia hypochrysa), 13. Large Treeshrew (Tupaia tana), 14. Long-footed Treeshrew (Tupaia longipes), 15. Slender Treeshrew (Tupaia gracilis), 16. Mountain Treeshrew (Tupaia montana), 17. Striped Treeshrew (Tupaia dorsalis), 18. Painted Treeshrew (Tupaia picta), 19. Kalimantan Treeshrew (Tupaia salatana), 20. Splendid Treeshrew (Tupaia splendidula), 21. Mindanao Treeshrew (Tupaia everetti), 22. Palawan Treeshrew (Tupaia palawanensis)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6779239" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6779239/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="265">7.</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[165,562,751,801]" pageId="4" pageNumber="265" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph blockId="4.[114,1076,751,844]" box="[165,562,751,801]" pageId="4" pageNumber="265">
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<vernacularName box="[165,562,751,801]" pageId="4" pageNumber="265">Nicobar Treeshrew</vernacularName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[636,956,751,801]" pageId="4" pageNumber="265" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="4.[114,1076,751,844]" box="[636,956,751,801]" pageId="4" pageNumber="265">
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Zelebor" baseAuthorityYear="1869" box="[636,956,751,801]" class="Mammalia" family="Tupaiidae" genus="Tupaia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scandentia" pageId="4" pageNumber="265" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nicobarica">
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<emphasis box="[636,956,751,801]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="265">Tupaia nicobarica</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[116,1076,819,840]" pageId="4" pageNumber="265" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph blockId="4.[114,1076,751,844]" box="[116,1076,819,840]" pageId="4" pageNumber="265">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[116,191,819,840]" pageId="4" pageNumber="265">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[196,405,819,840]" pageId="4" pageNumber="265">Toupaye des Nicobar</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[425,516,819,840]" pageId="4" pageNumber="265">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[526,774,819,840]" pageId="4" pageNumber="265">Nikobaren-Spitzhérnchen</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[795,887,819,840]" pageId="4" pageNumber="265">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[892,1076,819,840]" pageId="4" pageNumber="265">Tupaya de Nicobar</vernacularName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</heading>
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<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="265" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph blockId="4.[729,1321,893,1312]" pageId="4" pageNumber="265">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[729,884,893,918]" pageId="4" pageNumber="265">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Zelebor" baseAuthorityYear="1869" class="Mammalia" family="Tupaiidae" genus="Cladobates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scandentia" pageId="4" pageNumber="265" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nicobaricus">Cladobates nicobaricus Zelebor, 1869</taxonomicName>
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,
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="265" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph blockId="4.[729,1321,893,1312]" pageId="4" pageNumber="265">
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3820348305" pageId="4" pageNumber="265">Great Nicobar Island, Union Ter- ritory of Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India.</materialsCitation>
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This species is monotypic.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="265" type="distribution">
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<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6779182" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6779182" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6779182/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="265" targetBox="[115,706,895,1309]" targetPageId="4">
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<paragraph blockId="4.[729,1321,893,1312]" pageId="4" pageNumber="265">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[730,906,1086,1115]" pageId="4" pageNumber="265">Distribution.</emphasis>
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Nicobar Is (Great and Little Nicobar).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="265" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="4.[729,1321,893,1312]" pageId="4" pageNumber="265">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[730,1011,1161,1194]" pageId="4" pageNumber="265">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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Head-body 175-195 mm, tail 190-230 mm, hindfoot 46-49 mm. No specific data are available for ear measurements or body weight.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="4.[117,1329,1319,2457]" pageId="4" pageNumber="265">The Nicobar Treeshrew is OY and has distinct color pattern, with anterior one-half of body lighter brown-agouti and posterior one-half nearly solid black. Fur is longer than on many treeshrew species (c.10-20 mm in length), and tail is long and fluffy.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="265" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph blockId="4.[117,1329,1319,2457]" pageId="4" pageNumber="265">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[118,229,1476,1509]" pageId="4" pageNumber="265">Habitat.</emphasis>
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Tropical rainforests from sea level to an elevation of 640 m, the highest point on the Nicobar Islands.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="265" type="food_feeding">
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<paragraph blockId="4.[117,1329,1319,2457]" pageId="4" pageNumber="265">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[118,381,1560,1589]" pageId="4" pageNumber="265">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
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There is no specific information available for this species, but the Nicobar Treeshrew probably eats invertebrates, especially insects.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="265" type="breeding">
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<paragraph blockId="4.[117,1329,1319,2457]" pageId="4" pageNumber="265">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[118,253,1638,1667]" pageId="4" pageNumber="265">Breeding.</emphasis>
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Pairs of Nicobar Treeshrews are often observed together, and they are presumably monogamous. Breeding bouts are short, less than 20 seconds, and sometimes occur multiple times within a short time. Males approach females, which can lead to aggressive reactions from females. Some scent marking was observed, following mating; males rubbed their chins or chests on females, which might may enforce social bonds/monogamy between pairs. Although specific data are not available,it is assumed that Nicobar Treeshrews use absentee parental care system.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="265" type="activity">
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<paragraph blockId="4.[117,1329,1319,2457]" pageId="4" pageNumber="265">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[118,355,1914,1943]" pageId="4" pageNumber="265">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
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The Nicobar Treeshrew is diurnal and predominantly arboreal, occasionally seen on the forest floor but more commonly observed in lower and mid-canopies of rainforests. It spent ¢.60% of the day foraging and feeding and c.12% resting or sleeping, equating to ¢.10-5 hours foraging during twelve hours of daylight, similar to other treeshrew species. Foraging occurred more frequently early in the morning and prior to returning to the nest at night.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="265" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph blockId="4.[117,1329,1319,2457]" pageId="4" pageNumber="265">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[120,825,2146,2179]" pageId="4" pageNumber="265">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
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Nicobar Treeshrews are mostly observed alone or in breeding pairs. They are easy to observe and follow, probably because the Nicobar Islands lack predators found elsewhere. Scent marking was done by rubbing glands from anogenital and chin/chest regions on substrates.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="265" type="conservation">
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<paragraph blockId="4.[117,1329,1319,2457]" pageId="4" pageNumber="265">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[122,473,2303,2336]" pageId="4" pageNumber="265">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
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CITES Appendix II. Classified as Endangered on The IUCN Red List. The Nicobar Treeshrew is restricted to ¢.1600 km?* and is threatened by destruction ofits habitat.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[123,761,2432,2457]" pageId="4" pageNumber="265" type="bibRefCitation_list">
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<paragraph blockId="4.[117,1329,1319,2457]" box="[123,761,2432,2457]" pageId="4" pageNumber="265">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[123,275,2432,2457]" pageId="4" pageNumber="265">Bibliography.</emphasis>
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Helgen (2005), Oommen & Shanker (2008).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |