182 lines
18 KiB
XML
182 lines
18 KiB
XML
<document id="F8B4274F7854F97499C1C7FE5F49ED99" ID-CLB-Dataset="31944" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.703.13385" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e1e83ca0-ed07-4f17-bd7e-1cedbac15bbc" ID-PMC="PMC5673978" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-703-15" ID-PubMed="29118604" ID-ZooBank="9BAAB4A5CDE1493B8A0413D8F301E198" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2017" ModsDocID="1313-2970-703-15" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 703" ModsDocTitle="Taxonomy of North European Lumbricillus (Clitellata, Enchytraeidae)" checkinTime="1506576699266" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Klinth, Marten J., Rota, Emilia & Erseus, Christer" docDate="2017" docId="C1F7D118D2FED3E69C128CCD6E48F47B" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 703: 15-96" docOrigin="ZooKeys 703" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.703.13385" docTitle="Lumbricillus dubius Stephenson 1911" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="50" masterDocId="B248FFB4FF91C20DCE56FFE7FF875A5A" masterDocTitle="Taxonomy of North European Lumbricillus (Clitellata, Enchytraeidae)" masterLastPageNumber="96" masterPageNumber="15" pageNumber="50" updateTime="1701378398428" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
||
<mods:mods id="054699DACDBFD3D44CC325D089CE4153" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="91E2D0061091709286E17229A6C0422D">
|
||
<mods:title id="02CC23EF07345B09FC500849AEEC0711">Taxonomy of North European Lumbricillus (Clitellata, Enchytraeidae)</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="03314430B94005A5E2EDABC1A51E414F" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="4D8E1277C3E1C0001C0B175CAD79B9FD">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="F64244B2FACFB446AFD727C1F0AD057E">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="BD1DCFF050F432F23C46CF767863CBF0">Klinth, Marten J.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="D72F3B296A619D426A014D39BC7E626F" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="D64AB78A27423005B1C590CE2B243677">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="CFDA4307EDDBC984BD1655B78FA2B9CF">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="A919293877CD86C2755C3E6FDE9012C5">Rota, Emilia</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="7AC3EDDD6D22BD5064A8262B97DDD1A5" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="52BD0B7925EE685D63CFF231A19851BA">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="3667F7E4817498DCB192674238AD393D">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="2C8B8FD5E023D9D376F8EAB256E2C0FD">Erseus, Christer</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="421561ABF3E7C3346D20A22DB7C009AF">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="F1044F0B488326D8D12B18357850CA27" type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="0D57A4091C105C7312FA66E427C30EF3">
|
||
<mods:title id="5FD011FA5DCE329FB3E9ED7E01699909">ZooKeys</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="62D3F3346FCBF4549ACFC0D6F2A1A693">
|
||
<mods:date id="29C9DC359630C370BACC599D019D9600">2017</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail id="57B7C61AD52442154ACC7F12A41BE0E5" type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number id="2E070D515C972617F3BC0FB3977B615C">703</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent id="28A516E58769DAAD4BD114E2D5CEB1E1" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="50EFADE4E1B9C625AD6A81A455C3BCE3">15</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="6D2511B1A05D2257F86A17DD5D953E89">96</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:location id="76463D3D71BC9803150A32C35359105E">
|
||
<mods:url id="4A9B26839695F66F1F8FA0631F5193E4">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.703.13385</mods:url>
|
||
</mods:location>
|
||
<mods:classification id="674A94C6BF7971DAFC56476C67237643">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="8FC0B36141EBCCA8B427119E23195491" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.703.13385</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="ADCBB628D673B05560CE769950C97D6C" type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-703-15</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="E1A2BBB337274493A24E0DE5D0CA29E4" type="ZooBank">9BAAB4A5CDE1493B8A0413D8F301E198</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="C1F7D118D2FED3E69C128CCD6E48F47B" ID-GBIF-Taxon="134860654" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C1F7D118D2FED3E69C128CCD6E48F47B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C1F7D118D2FED3E69C128CCD6E48F47B" lastPageNumber="50" pageId="35" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<subSubSection id="57CF5DD0B4B0167C7924D191AE81B46B" pageId="35" pageNumber="50" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="43C145A807362FC5245AC2C99EF7055F" pageId="35" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CD0BD720366C2C91A39D6EEFEF5292B7" ID-CoL="732DN" authority="Stephenson, 1911" authorityName="Stephenson" authorityYear="1911" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Lumbricillus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lumbricillus dubius" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="35" pageNumber="50" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="dubius">Lumbricillus dubius (Stephenson, 1911)</taxonomicName>
|
||
Fig. 23
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="B76EBBB6EF44DBEAFD6625946A73665F" pageId="35" pageNumber="50" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="2B2CF206C60C8A6E83C4038D4EC3AE4E" pageId="35" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A314F37E182F26FE56CBE9E36CEA8255" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Enchytraeus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Enchytraeus dubius" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="35" pageNumber="50" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="dubius">Enchytraeus dubius</taxonomicName>
|
||
Stephenson, 1911: pp. 54-58, figs 10-12 & pl. II, figs 12-14;
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="60654B97E3D3DA767A4994FA9727FCFB" pageId="35" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3A95E1633A8B1CC01567909CE2E4E1BA" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Lumbricillus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lumbricillus dubius" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="35" pageNumber="50" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="dubius">Lumbricillus dubius</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="DC2B14774B396E0739F6F863A8B6CB8B" pageId="35" pageNumber="50">Nielsen and Christensen 1959</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: p. 96;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="636680FBBB8A6F00C19800EF7925B19D" author="Finogenova, NP" journalOrPublisher="Explorations of the fauna of the seas" pageId="46" pageNumber="61" pagination="91 - 108" title="Enchytraeids (Oligochaeta, Enchytraeidae) of the littoral of the White Sea. Benthic ecosystems of the south-eastern part of the Kandalaksha Bay and adjacent waters of the White Sea." volume="38" year="1988">Finogenova and Timm 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: pp. 92-93, fig. 1;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C48E55EBA236E80093D5DEC46FADF2E0" author="Klinth, MJ" journalOrPublisher="Zoologica Scripta" pageId="46" pageNumber="61" pagination="96 - 110" title="Phylogeny and species delimitation of North European Lumbricillus (Clitellata, Enchytraeidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/zsc.12187" volume="46" year="2017">Klinth et al. 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="780F8939F7C17C6A1DB9BA0EC085CF41" pageId="35" pageNumber="50" type="type material">
|
||
<paragraph id="ADE9A88D55ED2E2ADDFC24A1E14C95D9" pageId="35" pageNumber="50">Type material.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8359A515B0A3DC78ECCAE9BC544534C7" pageId="35" pageNumber="50">
|
||
Typus amissus (Nomenclatura Oligochaetologica). Type locality: Firth of Clyde, Wemyss Bay, United Kingdom (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3F0E737779B73500569F926EF2D0A3E0" author="Stephenson, J" journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh" pageId="49" pageNumber="64" pagination="31 - 65" title="On some littoral Oligochaeta of the Clyde." url="https://doi.org/10.1017/s0080456800018755" volume="48" year="1911">Stephenson 1911</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). We did not designate a neotype as we do not have material from the type locality.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="3CDED0E96866786813150FA0102FAB51" pageId="35" pageNumber="50" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="71FFBE705D93B33DA0CA3AC60D88C718" pageId="35" pageNumber="50">Material examined.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B2C6833C1DD14C448F351E2B382A286C" pageId="35" pageNumber="50">SMNH 152726 (CE5221) & SMNH 152727 (CE5223), two mature specimens from Sweden, and ZMBN 107835 (CE22767), ZMBN 107836 (CE23370), ZMBN 107837 (CE23371), ZMBN 107839 (CE24700), ZMBN 107840 (CE24711) & ZMBN 107841 (CE24726), six mature specimens from Norway. For information on specimen collection localities and GenBank accession numbers see Appendix 1.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="22E64730DA3009327F9235EE0B231601" pageId="35" pageNumber="50" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="79379688C0C7EAC165C71A982D062C33" pageId="35" pageNumber="50">Description.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="00015FA40E0A8130124A4658C3063E17" pageId="35" pageNumber="50">
|
||
White to yellow worms. Length (fixed worms) more than 2.1-6.1 mm (amputated specimens), first 15 segments 1.5-2.5 mm long, width at clitellum 0.32-0.55 mm. More than 20-44 segments. Chaetae straight or slightly sigmoid (Fig. 23A). All observed bundles with two chaetae. Each
|
||
<normalizedToken id="A6E18E2C2D6E5EE804107C0E0A6224D0" originalValue="worm’s">worm's</normalizedToken>
|
||
longest measured chaetae 50-75
|
||
<normalizedToken id="F17FB87DBF03E82B95DA8450B93E8690" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
long, about 5
|
||
<normalizedToken id="4CFBD583FF387092E228FB09232EE1DD" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
wide. Clitellum extending over
|
||
<normalizedToken id="896EB3C9E37E6715DFBB01014C4DD389" originalValue="XII–">XII-</normalizedToken>
|
||
1/2XIII. Head pore at 0/1. Epidermis with transverse rows of gland cells.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="7AC73BFA57DD9A224E1CE5ECF24ED86D" pageId="35" pageNumber="50">
|
||
Coelomocytes numerous, 15-30
|
||
<normalizedToken id="12ABAF4C5B02DA651AE7EE7A33F97296" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
long, spindle-shaped, oval, round, granulated with distinct nucleus. Paired pharyngeal glands present in IV, V and VI. Each pair converges dorsally, connection, if present at all, indistinct (Fig. 23B). Dorsal vessel originating in XIII. Nephridia observed in
|
||
<normalizedToken id="CF267DEED3D1B4DF3AD0D1C6225C2F79" originalValue="XVIII–XXI">XVIII-XXI</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 50-65
|
||
<normalizedToken id="FCC58F2C83140DDF009B0D2DD1FAA882" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
long, anteseptale funnel only, postseptale oval, tapering into efferent duct. Brain longer than wide, with posterior incision.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5A9A152B0B7268E511B1E620A89BA777" pageId="35" pageNumber="50">
|
||
Male genitalia paired. Testes (Fig. 23D) originating in XI, in some specimens extending forwards into X, with testis sacs covering mass of irregularly arranged lobes and detached fragments, fragments spreading in
|
||
<normalizedToken id="9558C512A45915AB79A84DD895B30B67" originalValue="XI–XII">XI-XII</normalizedToken>
|
||
. Sperm funnels (Fig. 23D) in XI, 180-390
|
||
<normalizedToken id="7978A4463CCBAB3D0A74212369EB7E5C" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
long, 70-145
|
||
<normalizedToken id="00242612EBAA6D305B5C4D079DB9270D" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
wide, making them 2.5-4 times longer than wide, funnels tapering towards vasa deferentia. Most of vasa irregularly coiled in
|
||
<normalizedToken id="03BD29B859E000AC7D8EA59D1ECAEB9C" originalValue="XI–XII">XI-XII</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 5-10
|
||
<normalizedToken id="00708F8BE864AEC88C4D712CEAE8F03D" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
wide. Penial bulbs (Fig. 23E), 110-190
|
||
<normalizedToken id="35AF64B636D14A69CAA28A2616CB9753" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
in diameter, divided into two bulbs each with an extending horn. Ovaries in XII. One to five mature eggs present at a time.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E9EF773656E88A1B9FEFAEFD052040B3" pageId="35" pageNumber="50">
|
||
Spermathecae (Fig. 23C) in V, pouch-shaped, without distinct ampulla, gradually widening, entally connecting with oesophagus. Sperm completely occupying lumen of duct and ampulla, regularly arranged with spermatozoan heads facing the wall and tails along the duct, forming denser aggregation throughout the centre of the spermathecae. Spermathecae 95-205
|
||
<normalizedToken id="68A017FB5AF9AF288210AA31A5EE3A96" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
long, 40-100
|
||
<normalizedToken id="C78F37774970593222455E23B35D1D30" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
wide at widest part of ampulla. Gland cells surrounding ectal pore, divided into few flaps, whole glandular body 70-120
|
||
<normalizedToken id="6E5E3760EF27962921C923076B8A16E2" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
in diameter at its widest part. Up to two midventral subneural glands in
|
||
<normalizedToken id="42230BFCF375B063801A854A803DA05B" originalValue="XIV–">XIV-</normalizedToken>
|
||
XV, 60-80
|
||
<normalizedToken id="ACF4B0AF04FEB05CCAA7BB4176D95A99" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 60-65
|
||
<normalizedToken id="604C4E2459126E9F9678C37F5E42754D" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
long, respectively; glands in XV not observed in all specimens.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="58F620DCF7A983C48E253D94FAA5117E" pageId="35" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<paragraph id="D37BA317A694A2B202108D7103F87391" pageId="35" pageNumber="50">
|
||
Figure 23.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="094620C71AE8565EAED882B30390286E" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Lumbricillus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lumbricillus dubius" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="35" pageNumber="50" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="dubius">Lumbricillus dubius</taxonomicName>
|
||
. A Chaetal bundle B Anterior body C Spermatheca D Male genitalia E Penial bulb. Abbreviations under general notes. Scale bars: 100
|
||
<normalizedToken id="8E45C96B6F43CB73EF22AA0FB01CF6BA" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="624547DB270D8FB77D2C36378C809FCD" pageId="35" pageNumber="50" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="D8D744F7CDD5AE116E000E6D96F7FF50" pageId="35" pageNumber="50">Geographical distribution including BOLD data.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="58C5535C637971BD21896CF84E710D30" pageId="35" pageNumber="50">
|
||
Genetically identified from Norway, Russia (White Sea), Sweden and the United Kingdom (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="949F1F895B8F867393B21F0E218098E9" author="Klinth, MJ" journalOrPublisher="Zoologica Scripta" pageId="46" pageNumber="61" pagination="96 - 110" title="Phylogeny and species delimitation of North European Lumbricillus (Clitellata, Enchytraeidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/zsc.12187" volume="46" year="2017">Klinth et al. 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). BIN-number: BOLD:AAU0151.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="F80EBD48EDE76455915AE6FE738E4E7D" pageId="35" pageNumber="50" type="remarks">
|
||
<paragraph id="8850CC77D39342E6F17F4F6A5AA78CFE" pageId="35" pageNumber="50">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="284296EE9BB7F35E9E5CF820A9892CF9" pageId="35" pageNumber="50">
|
||
The specimens examined match the description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="28EAB88B111E436C779F0D95DEF9F7C2" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Lumbricillus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lumbricillus dubius" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="35" pageNumber="50" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="dubius">Lumbricillus dubius</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4B5D964259D1AD34F9E9705A6827D875" author="Stephenson, J" journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh" pageId="49" pageNumber="64" pagination="31 - 65" title="On some littoral Oligochaeta of the Clyde." url="https://doi.org/10.1017/s0080456800018755" volume="48" year="1911">Stephenson (1911)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
well, but they are smaller in body size and have testes that seem to form an irregular mass rather than being made up of branches as observed by Stephenson. The clearly divided penial bulbs and the morphology of the spermathecae bear a close resemblance between our specimens and the original description. Stephenson wrote that no sperm were observed in the spermathecae, but his illustrations depicting sections of the same clearly show the unique distribution of spermatozoa with heads regularly arranged perpendicular to the spermathecal wall. It is possible that he did not recognize them as sperm, simply because of this unusual arrangement.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="87D2592B5AE06744C6DCB0D9AF8C512B" pageId="35" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0B4EEA6D0464195CB10B1774A2F32B45" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Lumbricillus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lumbricillus dubius" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="35" pageNumber="50" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="dubius">Lumbricillus dubius</taxonomicName>
|
||
has irregularly lobed testis sacs and spermathecae that are at least superficially similar to those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="376659C19145EC97857F5865461B12D0" lsidName="L. arenarius" pageId="35" pageNumber="50" rank="species" species="arenarius">L. arenarius</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The chaetae are straight to slightly sigmoid and few in number, which further supports the close relationship with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91F9F2B1342CF68A9DD93A4EC94986D2" lsidName="L. arenarius" pageId="35" pageNumber="50" rank="species" species="arenarius">L. arenarius</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F14139B4D92A53384531A51079ADA611" genus="L." lsidName="L." pageId="35" pageNumber="50" rank="genus">L.</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. H.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="49CA63E351D21901ADB28FD92EA56082" pageId="35" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="67317197CC5983CF2670F00E3E39F31C" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Lumbricillus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lumbricillus dubius" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="35" pageNumber="50" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="dubius">Lumbricillus dubius</taxonomicName>
|
||
is genetically closely related to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AC7BCE89EFB2BCEC4E98DCE8D3206FAA" genus="L." lsidName="L." pageId="35" pageNumber="50" rank="genus">L.</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. H and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B2C0DF444C158177A2C66DA66B138674" lsidName="L. arenarius" pageId="35" pageNumber="50" rank="species" species="arenarius">L. arenarius</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Fig. 1).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |