171 lines
19 KiB
XML
171 lines
19 KiB
XML
<document id="C46D4CCDAB41B3F299DF085C1C5916C3" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.189036" ID-GBIF-Dataset="d4775a76-7eec-4a41-8654-b140002dc82f" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="189036" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461098962691" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Zhang, Feng, Zhu, Ming-Sheng & Tso, I-Min" docDate="2009" docId="A9348144FF90A43AFF2E304A4EB39821" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02164p068.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2164" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Hongkongia Song et Zhu 1998" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="63" masterDocId="550DF93CFF91A438FFB932734C179B3D" masterDocTitle="Review of the genus Hongkongia (Araneae: Gnaphosidae) from China" masterLastPageNumber="68" masterPageNumber="61" pageNumber="62" updateTime="1698590456135" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="2A0CE66EBB13E63B2B4CD161099317EF">
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<mods:title id="1539CFA73AC69E583534E45E7886424B">Review of the genus Hongkongia (Araneae: Gnaphosidae) from China</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="D53FD7CB07885F52445DD396E156766E">Zhang, Feng</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="C5444A10272AEAC5BA6440ED5163B9A5">Zhu, Ming-Sheng</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="C4163A801F2D5364990D7B6E32D1783A">Tso, I-Min</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="5556422AC020C9F995D5731B6026530C">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="350D322F09166683D1FC3C4AE4DDF46C">2009</mods:date>
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<treatment id="A9348144FF90A43AFF2E304A4EB39821" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6213152" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119621251" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6213152" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A9348144FF90A43AFF2E304A4EB39821" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A9348144FF90A43AFF2E304A4EB39821" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="63" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">
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<taxonomicName id="E69D4BD1FF90A439FF2E304A4E03996F" ID-CoL="4YGY" authority="Song et Zhu, 1998" authorityName="Song et Zhu" authorityYear="1998" box="[151,532,568,595]" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Hongkongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="13E9EC40FF90A439FF2E304A4E03996F" bold="true" box="[151,532,568,595]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">
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<emphasis id="13E9EC40FF90A439FF2E304A4D38996E" bold="true" box="[151,303,569,595]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">Hongkongia</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="450C4DA3FF90A439FE8C304B4E03996F" author="Song" box="[309,532,568,595]" pageId="1" pageNumber="68" refString="Song, D. X. & Zhu, M. S. (1998) A new genus and two new species of Hong Kong spiders (Gnaphosidae, Corinnidae). Journal of Hebei Normal University, 22, 104 - 108." type="journal article" year="1998">
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Song
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<emphasis id="13E9EC40FF90A439FEC2304A4D87996E" bold="true" box="[379,400,569,595]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">et</emphasis>
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Zhu, 1998
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</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="698763D9FF90A439FF2E30F14F769984" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="21223052FF90A439FF2E30F14F769984" blockId="1.[151,890,642,698]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="018D177CFF90A439FF2E30F14F769984" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">
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<taxonomicName id="E69D4BD1FF90A439FF2E30F14E0899A4" ID-CoL="4YGY" authority="Song et Zhu, 1998: 104" authorityName="Song et Zhu" authorityPageNumber="104" authorityYear="1998" box="[151,543,642,665]" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Hongkongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="13E9EC40FF90A439FF2E30F14D0C99A4" box="[151,283,642,665]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">Hongkongia</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="A03C1643FF90A439FE9830F14E0899A4" author="Song" box="[289,543,642,665]" page="104" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" year="1998">
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<bibRefCitation id="450C4DA3FF90A439FE9830F14DFD99A4" author="Song" box="[289,490,642,665]" pageId="1" pageNumber="68" refString="Song, D. X. & Zhu, M. S. (1998) A new genus and two new species of Hong Kong spiders (Gnaphosidae, Corinnidae). Journal of Hebei Normal University, 22, 104 - 108." type="journal article" year="1998">
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Song
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<emphasis id="13E9EC40FF90A439FEE630F14D6599A4" box="[351,370,642,665]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">et</emphasis>
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Zhu, 1998
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: 104
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="A03C1643FF90A439FD9330F14F6199A4" author="Deeleman-Reinhold" box="[554,886,642,665]" page="517" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" year="2001">
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<bibRefCitation id="450C4DA3FF90A439FD9330F14F5699A4" author="Deeleman-Reinhold" box="[554,833,642,665]" pageId="1" pageNumber="68" refString="Deeleman-Reinhold, C. L. (2001) Forest spiders of South East Asia: with a revision of the sac and ground spiders (Araneae: Clubionidae, Corinnidae, Liocranidae, Gnaphosidae, Prodidomidae and Trochanterriidae). Brill, Leiden, 591 pp." type="book" year="2001">Deeleman-Reinhold 2001</bibRefCitation>
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: 517
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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.
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<emphasis id="13E9EC40FF90A439FF2E30D14D349987" bold="true" box="[151,291,674,698]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">
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<typeStatus id="FE268EF0FF90A439FF2E30D14CD89987" box="[151,207,674,698]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">Type</typeStatus>
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species
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</emphasis>
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:
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<taxonomicName id="E69D4BD1FF90A439FE8B30D14E4F9984" ID-CoL="3MJ59" authority="Song et Zhu, 1998" authorityName="Song et Zhu" authorityYear="1998" box="[306,600,674,697]" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Hongkongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wuae">
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<emphasis id="13E9EC40FF90A439FE8B30D14D9D9984" box="[306,394,674,697]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">H. wuae</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="450C4DA3FF90A439FE2830D14E4F9984" author="Song" box="[401,600,674,697]" pageId="1" pageNumber="68" refString="Song, D. X. & Zhu, M. S. (1998) A new genus and two new species of Hong Kong spiders (Gnaphosidae, Corinnidae). Journal of Hebei Normal University, 22, 104 - 108." type="journal article" year="1998">
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Song
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<emphasis id="13E9EC40FF90A439FE7630D14DF59984" box="[463,482,674,697]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">et</emphasis>
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Zhu, 1998
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</bibRefCitation>
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, by original designation.
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="698763D9FF90A439FF2E309B4ED49E53" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="21223052FF90A439FF2E309B4E7E9F05" blockId="1.[151,1437,744,2008]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">
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<emphasis id="13E9EC40FF90A439FF2E309B4D04983F" bold="true" box="[151,275,744,770]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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. Species of
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<taxonomicName id="E69D4BD1FF90A439FE12309A4E57983F" box="[427,576,745,770]" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Hongkongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="13E9EC40FF90A439FE12309A4E57983F" box="[427,576,745,770]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">Hongkongia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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are distinct from species of other genera in the
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<taxonomicName id="E69D4BD1FF90A439FB35309A48EE983F" box="[1164,1273,745,770]" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Echemus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="13E9EC40FF90A439FB35309A48EE983F" box="[1164,1273,745,770]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">Echemus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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group by the structure of the epigyne and palpal organs. Palpal tibia with a retrolateral apophysis and a strong dorsal spine; tegulum semicircular, usually with three distinctive outgrowths: the long ribbon-shaped embolus originating from the tegulum basally, encircling along the tegulum prolaterally, then tip extending into the conductor or free; the conductor projecting conspicuously sideways, with a single coil or with a spinous process near the apex; the tegular apophysis small thorn-shaped or short thumb-shaped (only a blunt, small apophysis in
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<taxonomicName id="E69D4BD1FF90A439FAC631D94CCD98D7" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Hongkongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="songi">
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<emphasis id="13E9EC40FF90A439FAC631D94CCD98D7" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">H. songi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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), sometimes concealed behind the middle part of embolus (
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<taxonomicName id="E69D4BD1FF90A439FC7931A2483198D7" box="[960,1062,977,1002]" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Hongkongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wuae">
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<emphasis id="13E9EC40FF90A439FC7931A2483198D7" box="[960,1062,977,1002]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">H. wuae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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). Epigyne with anterior hood, copulatory openings centrally; vulva with sclerotized ducts, spermathecae posteriorly placed and thin-walled, ball-shaped, nearly touching at midline.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="21223052FF90A439FF7C36364ED49E53" blockId="1.[151,1437,744,2008]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">
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This genus is similar to
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<taxonomicName id="E69D4BD1FF90A439FE5836364F599F62" authority="Wider, 1834" authorityName="Wider" authorityYear="1834" box="[481,846,1093,1119]" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Megamyrmaekion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="13E9EC40FF90A439FE5836364EA29F63" box="[481,693,1093,1118]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">Megamyrmaekion</emphasis>
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Wider,
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<quantity id="E6659DB7FF90A439FCAA36364F599F62" box="[787,846,1093,1119]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.65836" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" unit="in" value="1834.0">1834</quantity>
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</taxonomicName>
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in the shape of body and the length of spinnerets, but distingished by: (1) distance PME–PME wider than PME–PLE, while in the latter distance PME–PME about the same as PME–PLE; (2) chelicerae usually with three promarginal teeth, and one small retromarginal tooth, while in the latter promargin with two teeth and retromargin without teeth; (3) labium about as long as wide, and half length of the endite, while in the latter labium longer than wide, and extending beyond half length of the endite; (4) anterior spinnerets with 6 or 7 pirifirm spigots, forming circle, while in the latter with 6 pirifirm spigots, forming semicircle; (5) without dorsal scutum in the male abdomen; (6) conductor larger and longer, often reaching the apex of alveolus.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="698763D9FF90A43AFF7C37094EB39821" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="63" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" type="description">
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<paragraph id="21223052FF90A43AFF7C37094E069A1B" blockId="1.[151,1437,744,2008]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1437,152,796]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="63" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">
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<emphasis id="13E9EC40FF90A439FF7C37094D739EA9" bold="true" box="[197,356,1402,1428]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">Description.</emphasis>
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Total length 4.00–7.00. Carapace yellow orange; elongate oval in dorsal view, anterior margin narrowed and truncated, posterior margin somewhat concave, widest at coxae II and III, with some erect, slender, black setae. Cervical groove indistinct, radial striae dark gray; fovea deep, longitudinal, dark line-shaped. From above, AER nearly straight, PER strongly procurved and almost as wide as AER; from front, both eye rows procurved; AME circular, dark, PME diagonally rectangular, light, usually largest, ALE and PLE oval, light. AME separated from each other by roughly their diameter or less, from ALE by less than half their width; PME separated from each other by roughly their diameter, from PLE by roughly their radius or less; MOA usually slightly longer than wide, wider in front than in back. Clypeal height almost equal to AME diameter. Chelicerae usually with three promarginal teeth and a cluster of long, curved hairs; retromargin with one small tooth. Endites light brown, longer than wide, rectangular, obliquely depressed, anterior edge with clearly visible serrula and median scopula. Labium as long as wide, anteriorly truncated even sometimes with a median shallow concavity and several macrosetae. Sternum faintly yellow, heartshaped, with strongly rebordered, sinuous margins, truncate at front, posterior margin not extending between coxae IV. Legs light brown, trochanters III and IV with shallow notch, metatarsi III and IV with apical ventral brush, tarsal claw tufts thin. Typical leg spination pattern (only surfaces bearing spines listed): femora: I, II d1-1-0, p0-0-1; III, IV d1-1-1, p0-1-1, r0-1-1; patellae: III, IV p0-1-0, r0-1-0; tibiae: I, II
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<date id="55231692FF90A439FB7B35CD48EF9CE5" box="[1218,1272,1982,2008]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">v1-2</date>
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-0, III d1-0-0, p1-1-1, r1-1-1,
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<date id="55231692FF93A43AFEF232EB4D939B8F" box="[331,388,152,178]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">v2-2</date>
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-2; IV d1-0-1, p1-1-1, r 1-1-1,
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<date id="55231692FF93A43AFD5F32EB4F089B8F" box="[742,799,152,178]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">v2-2</date>
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-2; metatarsi: I, II
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<date id="55231692FF93A43AFC4832EB483D9B8F" box="[1009,1066,152,178]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">v2-2</date>
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-0; III, IV d2-2-2, p0-1-1, r 0-1- 1,
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<date id="55231692FF93A43AFF0C32CD4CF89BE5" box="[181,239,190,216]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">v2-2</date>
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-2. Leg formula: 4123. Abdomen light gray, cluster of curved setae at anterior end, central part with two or three pairs of muscle impressions. Anterior spinnerets elongated, about 1/4 of abdomen length, separated at base by their width.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="21223052FF93A43AFF7C33414E3199F2" blockId="2.[151,1437,152,796]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">
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Male palp: tibia short, about as long as wide, with a retrolateral apophysis, a strong dorsal spine (in
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<typeStatus id="FE268EF0FF93A43AFAD03341498B9A71" box="[1385,1436,306,332]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">type</typeStatus>
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species also with a small tapering dorsal apophysis). Tegulum semicircular, usually with three distinctive outgrowths: the long ribbon-shaped embolus originating from the tegulum basally, encircling along the semicircular tegulum prolaterally, then S-shaped with single tip, or tip extending into the conductor, or embolus becoming two-tipped; the conductor hinged with tegulum, projecting conspicuously sideways, with a single coil or with a spinous process near the apex; the tegular apophysis small thorn-shaped or short thumbshaped (only a blunt, small apophysis in
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<taxonomicName id="E69D4BD1FF93A43AFDC630694EF3990E" box="[639,740,538,563]" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Hongkongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="songi">
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<emphasis id="13E9EC40FF93A43AFDC630694EF3990E" box="[639,740,538,563]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">H. songi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
), sometimes concealed by the middle part of embolus, for example in
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<taxonomicName id="E69D4BD1FF93A43AFE9A30324D929967" box="[291,389,577,602]" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Hongkongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wuae">
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<emphasis id="13E9EC40FF93A43AFE9A30324D929967" box="[291,389,577,602]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">H. wuae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Epigyne with rectangular convex hairy plate, anterior hood arch-shaped or slightly Mshaped, the very small copulatory openings centrally; vulva with heavily sclerotized ducts, and spermathecae posteriorly placed, thin-walled, ball-shaped, nearly touching at midline; fertilization ducts arising from the inner margin of the spermathecae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="21223052FF93A43AFF7C30A84EB39821" blockId="2.[151,1437,152,796]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">
|
||
<emphasis id="13E9EC40FF93A43AFF7C30A84D7099C8" bold="true" box="[197,359,731,757]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">Composition</emphasis>
|
||
. Four species (including the new species reported here), all distributed in Southeast Asia and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="598A70C2FF93A43AFF7131714D199821" box="[200,270,770,796]" name="China" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Yunnan,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="598A70C2FF93A43AFE3131714DC99821" box="[392,478,770,796]" name="Taiwan" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="598A70C2FF93A43AFDAF31714E809821" box="[534,663,770,796]" name="Hong Kong" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">Hongkong</collectingCountry>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |