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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.227.100725" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-227-167" ID-Pensoft-UUID="3ACE794FACF45A67806C747FFB4011E4" ModsDocID="1314-2003-227-167" checkinTime="1687210054677" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Oppenheimer, Hank, Lorence, David H. &amp; Wagner, Warren L." docDate="2023" docId="9BDF90BE4F1954E19A8E850165BC48CA" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 227: 167-179" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 227" docPubDate="2023-06-19" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.227.100725" docTitle="Clermontia hanaulaensis H. Oppenheimer, Lorence, &amp; W. L. Wagner 2023, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="3ACE794FACF45A67806C747FFB4011E4" lastPageNumber="167" masterDocId="3ACE794FACF45A67806C747FFB4011E4" masterDocTitle="Clermontia hanaulaensis (Campanulaceae, Lobelioideae), a new, critically endangered species from Maui, Hawaiian Islands" masterLastPageNumber="179" masterPageNumber="167" pageNumber="167" updateTime="1687210054677" updateUser="pensoft">
<mods:mods id="64751E3CA3DE052DDE913F7DAD48F2CA" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="192A0D95223D1951DA45C8C8037CA4F1">
<mods:title id="D2A9611E1E33DCBD3E25BDC289A864E2">Clermontia hanaulaensis (Campanulaceae, Lobelioideae), a new, critically endangered species from Maui, Hawaiian Islands</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="A401ACED8452C6E4CE1CB0EABCA4F495" type="personal">
<mods:role id="6E4899A5D125A2A8457F72DA151CDC69">
<mods:roleTerm id="5F80A7FBAD5FC89BC38B30550A10093C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="08E62A03E87689A97F0B014D11D0A24E">Oppenheimer, Hank</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="07424E804B6CBB4A92E31DAD9788A1CC" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9416-1889</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="3808B594580383D4796CFBF8D9907C26">Plant Extinction Prevention Program, Pacific Cooperative Studies Unit, University of Hawaii, PO Box 909, Makawao, HI 96768, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="3E59C97EAAB11A89D8D655032B06CB83" type="personal">
<mods:role id="AB3F014B5FF02C7396F96751217785EB">
<mods:roleTerm id="74AB46B58FDAFC3AC757DBDCCD94BE0C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="870DF380AD2F2074EA345D623C394F9F">Lorence, David H.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="259A3E16571EF9251FF74A64234A21E6" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6735-9531</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="7D8B7840F77A926E684EE980CC1ADBB9">National Tropical Botanical Garden, 3530 Papalina Road, Kalaheo, HI 96741, USA</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="48EC36265945AFA2C0C22EDA0376FE1F" type="email">dlorence@ntbg.org</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="9DD04F0A3DA02739FAA770A8157E5B6D" type="personal">
<mods:role id="0EF3AC58D7928D5F6CA9602CA1E0CA63">
<mods:roleTerm id="132507060143681938563B9C632AC5C4">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="4106065CEF89CD32B86974CEDA3A625D">Wagner, Warren L.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="4CF4AEA622F2577DD0B7F7AD2D1AA685" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5012-8422</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="DF2DB15E57A2D60644FCD2BD6EACD771">Department of Botany, Smithsonian Institution, P. O. Box 37012, Washington, DC, 20013 - 7012, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="4881FBCA3FAEF555EFF8433DF30BC1FE">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="F562F146B0CBBFFA26AD9AF2FB9B6A90">
<mods:title id="D88239AF212943C1E6CD88AE1A2BD19A">PhytoKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="EDBF46ED8F397EA79D6A3C9D6918A51C">
<mods:date id="DE5B576D5EE23C30BA348F6AC8E9920E">2023</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="FB5419035B36E28B9D59D4DC54EA7941" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="9DE897312CECDA0BEE345D5BB63DAE13">2023-06-19</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="2239A42B295ACB6BB6E20C61E2A60A6B" type="volume">
<mods:number id="1C9C46C809E904101C64C6A6B303A0D1">227</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="476DD408AC3B552B1CF8786617E31A56">167</mods:start>
<mods:end id="E11BA0C50064510F9E4B3E65A501B8AE">179</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
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<mods:location id="F96639BD58F10EF3DBCE051985E09194">
<mods:url id="8ABF9AF34D56B62D64E90E751E4B88D1">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.227.100725</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification id="077DC28A0B95D52FC2FE324922039CBE">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="3EEDFEAFB4668351E5F431813E747BF7" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.227.100725</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="2AA886BF6FDD9F7723E43C695D314CED" type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-227-167</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="26F1BF1716A4720869D5580CBB729B88" type="Pensoft-UUID">3ACE794FACF45A67806C747FFB4011E4</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="9BDF90BE4F1954E19A8E850165BC48CA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9BDF90BE4F1954E19A8E850165BC48CA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/9BDF90BE4F1954E19A8E850165BC48CA" lastPageNumber="167" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">
<subSubSection id="5DE0C52D0DCF460E6BF13AF931D73DED" pageId="0" pageNumber="167" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="5985D1723D3CD129C42B90D015F36B7B" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">
<taxonomicName id="73DFDDE766142C10B083F7B6ADB24BE8" LSID="9BDF90BE-4F19-54E1-9A8E-850165BC48CA" authority="H. Oppenheimer, Lorence, &amp; W. L. Wagner" authorityName="H. Oppenheimer, Lorence, &amp; W. L. Wagner" authorityYear="2023" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Clermontia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Clermontia hanaulaensis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="167" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hanaulaensis" status="sp. nov.">Clermontia hanaulaensis H.Oppenheimer, Lorence, &amp; W.L.Wagner</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CBFE03938FF60BB4B8CBD700684A304C" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3924882A0E7FDD445A24AC29A4E76248" pageId="0" pageNumber="167" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="B53D4D55309731DE5D8C6A0E28AE0306" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">
<typeStatus id="DA0F381E4F10F23CE7EC89916C0BC2A1">Type</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BF5DE1EC4B8488D489B82E84A6842B02" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">
<materialsCitation id="37FDA8913926A3D23D3D9E3EDB03107B" accessionNumber="H82102" collectingDate="2021-08-04" collectorName="H. Oppenheimer, K. Severson, Figs" country="USA" county="west Maui" elevation="1183" location="Hana'ula" municipality="Wailuku District" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Hawaiian Islands" typeStatus="Holotype">
<emphasis id="D2EF58A9C4ECC8C6AA8F103852D9483B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">
<collectingCountry id="85D52381AA785BFE00D522AB12B55831" name="United States of America">USA</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="64943A24F98004AD70E476DFECBC388E">Hawaiian Islands</collectingRegion>
:
<collectingRegion id="69C85F3AED57F53BAB80CC7DD1A87525">Maui</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
:
<collectingCounty id="40FB8B6E0981B3E276261BDD264468B4">west Maui</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="5B8BD05FE5C103CE30B159801E6D84A6">Wailuku District</collectingMunicipality>
, slopes of
<normalizedToken id="678C5A7021BB26E354C7E0270C4B08BA" originalValue="Hana‘ula">
<location id="16511AC80432F62159D9930DF6BE400E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9BDF90BE4F1954E19A8E850165BC48CA:16511AC80432F62159D9930DF6BE400E" country="USA" county="west Maui" municipality="Wailuku District" name="Hana'ula" stateProvince="Hawaiian Islands">Hana'ula</location>
</normalizedToken>
,
<normalizedToken id="6AF2CBE83623D9D5640737D1BFE861C5" originalValue="Pōhākea">Pōhakea</normalizedToken>
<location id="2CBBF13D8777FBADF2774B4AE97235A6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9BDF90BE4F1954E19A8E850165BC48CA:2CBBF13D8777FBADF2774B4AE97235A6" country="USA" county="west Maui" municipality="Wailuku District" name="Gulch" stateProvince="Hawaiian Islands">Gulch</location>
, ca.
<quantity id="F798749551642895C00C127C912B7EEA" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.183" unit="m" value="1183.0">
<elevation id="EF7BBE776650FF3B71F09E77D123F8E3" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.183" unit="m" value="1183.0">1183 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<collectingDate id="520C8BE0D178755A3ED59085DF19C0F6" value="2021-08-04">4 Aug 2021</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis id="307F8AB4230CE1E6934BEF7C88F6664E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">
<collectorName id="7459EFF64A3E2A81F2B7F2DBB5D2F044">H. Oppenheimer</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="D43B898AD557F160D070A1599478FAC1">K. Severson</collectorName>
<accessionNumber id="3F7D2803009C2168B528A02FC5B90D03" httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nucleotide/H82102">H82102</accessionNumber>
</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="88AC70AFE9DB742EF5BC57FD42A5AC43">Holotype</typeStatus>
: PTBG [PTBG1000093350]; Isotypes BISH, US).
<collectorName id="0552AAF76027FF24055950787813464C">Figs</collectorName>
<figureCitation id="4A4D2E2ADC286CB9C4636843E08B8309" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Clermontia hanaulaensis H. Oppenheimer, Lorence &amp; W. L. Wagner A habit of flowering stem B detail of flower at anthesis C fruit. (A, B, drawn from type collection and field images of type plant (Oppenheimer &amp; Severson H 82102; isotype US) C drawn from field image of non-type plant in Pōhakea Gulch). Illustration by Alice Tangerini." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.227.100725.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/865027" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">2</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="24CDD1F7BDB5409F96A48150520E067C" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Clermontia from Pōhakea Gulch area, west Maui A-C Clermontia hanaulaensis H. Oppenheimer, Lorence &amp; W. L. Wagner A, B habit, from field images of type collection with purple and white perianth (from Oppenheimer &amp; Severson H 82102) C mature fruit, taken in Sep. 2020 D-F from other Clermontia plants in Pōhakea Gulch showing variations that could represent hybridization between C. hanaulaensis and other sympatric species or between other species in the area D habit, form with shorter, wider calyx showing slight separation of calyx tube from corolla tube, taken in Sep. 2020 (unvouchered) E habit, form with shorter, wider calyx, taken in Aug. 2020 (unvouchered) F habit, form with white perianth, taken in Aug. 2020 (H. Oppenheimer &amp; K. Severson H 82101, BISH, PTBG, US). All photos by H. Oppenheimer." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.227.100725.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/865028" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">3</figureCitation>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0F92EF7F92014ECFE4F987B27AC59AA9" pageId="0" pageNumber="167" type="description">
<paragraph id="775009E70159478A0EBF80FE8BBA2C6A" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="35E6420B89EDB0B8D4B8C1EBF0D6D434" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">
Shrubs or small trees up to 3 m tall, flowering at 1.5-3 m tall, terrestrial, branched from near base, with repeated candelabra-like branching, bark rugose-fissured, light brown, leafy branches green, latex white. Leaves clustered at the distal ends of the branches, alternate, with short internodes, simple, petiolate; lamina 10-12(-18) cm long, 2.0-3.5(-4) cm wide, narrowly elliptic to oblanceolate, chartaceous; adaxial surface green, glossy when fresh, drying dull, glabrous; abaxial surface paler than adaxial surface, glabrous, secondary veins 15-16 on each side; margins entire in basal
<normalizedToken id="39FB24FE7E888DB662EEE0532E8C3FCA" originalValue="¼">1/4</normalizedToken>
, otherwise callose-crenulate; apex acute to short-acuminate, occasionally with a short mucro 1 mm long; base cuneate to attenuate; petiole 3-4(-6) cm long, glabrous; seedling leaves pubescent. Inflorescence (2)3-4(-5)-flowered, glabrous; flowers 5-merous; peduncle 15-30(-42) mm long; bracts triangular, ca. 1 mm long, deciduous; pedicels 8-18 mm long; bracteoles basal, 1.0-1.2 mm long, narrowly lanceolate, acute to acuminate, sometimes short mucronate, ciliate; hypanthium obconic or hemispheric, green, ca. 7-10 mm long, 8-10 mm wide; corolla weakly zygomorphic to nearly rotate when fresh, slightly to moderately curved, perianth (30-)35-45(-50) mm long, perianth tube 15-25(-27) mm long, 9-10 mm wide, the lobes 20-26 mm long, (2.0-)3.0-3.5 mm wide, the dorsal and ventral lobes spreading in distal half, pale violet-purple, often suffused with creamy white streaks, occasionally creamy white, glabrous; calyx 1/2-4/5 as long as petals, lobes petaloid, similar in color to corolla, often pale greenish tinged toward base, sometimes creamy white with violet-purple irregular veins, lobes connate for 1/3-1/2 their length, not appressed to petals, erect to spreading; staminal column violet, 2.0-2.5 mm wide, filaments 30-40 mm long, anthers darker violet, anther tube 9-12 mm long, 2.3-3.0 mm wide. Fruit dull orange, obconic to turbinate, 15-20 mm long, 10-15 mm wide, smooth, sepals and petals caducous. Seeds obovoid, slightly compressed, 0.5-0.6 mm long, 0.5 mm wide, testa dark brown, glossy, smooth.
</paragraph>
<caption id="514CFD4E76072D5F11D8BA46D1511286" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.227.100725.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/865027" pageId="0" pageNumber="167" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
<paragraph id="B1A6DD5ECFFF1E3102E2824147E5C2B4" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">
<emphasis id="46522BF122F0BF08EA7831011EBE8D7C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">Figure 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4293614752EFD5AA7CADED34885AFBCA" authorityName="H. Oppenheimer, Lorence, &amp; W. L. Wagner" authorityYear="2023" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Campanulaceae" genus="Clermontia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Clermontia hanaulaensis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="167" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hanaulaensis">
<emphasis id="739971F85A8FAB5DBEF9661D65E5092D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">Clermontia hanaulaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
H.Oppenheimer, Lorence &amp; W.L.Wagner
<emphasis id="3C19E78F3E673BAE3C6C4B855CD08067" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">A</emphasis>
habit of flowering stem
<emphasis id="A4153D523FCCD84F1492FA9A358EB0B0" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">B</emphasis>
detail of flower at anthesis
<emphasis id="4DCC255925B5694E8553DF6F110ED52D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">C</emphasis>
fruit. (
<emphasis id="E7362A2EA17FCA202CB8E15C4355E218" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">A, B</emphasis>
, drawn from type collection and field images of type plant (
<emphasis id="8469215714FCA8938F7E3F475916E61B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">Oppenheimer &amp; Severson H82102</emphasis>
; isotype US)
<emphasis id="05F2672286573C22360561A13B54CA66" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">C</emphasis>
drawn from field image of non-type plant in
<normalizedToken id="FA25D6D09FCC334809AA6F868B2A8D85" originalValue="Pōhākea">Pōhakea</normalizedToken>
Gulch). Illustration by Alice Tangerini.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="60A652F35092B5504322854AB2DF8024" pageId="0" pageNumber="167" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BC08FC931A9BEE6A28E9DDBBACC78AD" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FE12F408B58E0C2B151C70F01338BB3D" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">
<taxonomicName id="4924C0DC81CAADD62470049FB1D9BEDA" authorityName="H. Oppenheimer, Lorence, &amp; W. L. Wagner" authorityYear="2023" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Campanulaceae" genus="Clermontia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Clermontia hanaulaensis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="167" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hanaulaensis">
<emphasis id="0FA70AE5E38B787E50F5B7629017C82D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">Clermontia hanaulaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is known only from a single population on west Maui in several small ridges and gullies on the slopes below
<normalizedToken id="9B0549D6DA624DF8B7500347910E1824" originalValue="Hana‘ula">Hana'ula</normalizedToken>
, in the
<normalizedToken id="7BD2015F23F8514ED0DA73F8EAF21FC5" originalValue="Pōhākea">Pōhakea</normalizedToken>
Gulch.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="15DEB8E2416377AFB458AB058EBC10C9" pageId="0" pageNumber="167" type="habitat">
<paragraph id="F11F34F32CCD160DBE8DBB570D251067" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">Habitat and ecology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="ACA1259ED9C06C90AF06FD22FCB6E5D7" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">
<taxonomicName id="F0DB20001F987D8E19C29EF0E98068B6" authorityName="H. Oppenheimer, Lorence, &amp; W. L. Wagner" authorityYear="2023" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Campanulaceae" genus="Clermontia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Clermontia hanaulaensis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="167" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hanaulaensis">
<emphasis id="8249E8C61A2437310F01AA99D301AC41" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">Clermontia hanaulaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occurs in
<taxonomicName id="F3F1D5528566631B61F71EF1B5DB0D62" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Metrosideros" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Metrosideros" order="Myrtales" pageId="0" pageNumber="167" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="AE3B64DA6DB6FF29CB6C3EE7347BF692" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">Metrosideros</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Banks ex Gaertn. Montane Wet Forest (
<bibRefCitation id="43DD03ED81EE7D01649671B9C61B3C81" author="Wagner, WL" journalOrPublisher="University of Hawai'i Press, Vol. 2" pageId="0" pageNumber="167" refId="B22" refString="Wagner, WL, Herbst, DR, Sohmer, SH, 1999. Manual of the Flowering Plants of Hawai'i, revised edition with supplement by Wagner WL and Herbst DR. University of Hawai'i Press, Vol. 2" title="Manual of the Flowering Plants of Hawai'i, revised edition with supplement by Wagner WL and Herbst DR." year="1999">Wagner et al. 1999</bibRefCitation>
) at ca. 1158-1213 m elevation with an annual rainfall of ca. 2600-2900 mm. The common associated woody elements are species of
<taxonomicName id="85F4A89DFC4EA7130279B3611166F569" authorityName="Nuttall ex B.C.Seemann" authorityYear="1867" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Araliaceae" genus="Cheirodendron" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cheirodendron" order="Apiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="167" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D5B1AB7E1A62089D64516C8AF7BCBE29" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">Cheirodendron</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Nutt. ex Seem.,
<taxonomicName id="FEB4BABC2883171211D358BF84DEC35C" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Campanulaceae" genus="Clermontia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Clermontia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="167" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="BF2C16A9DB4F9ED89632EB726B7C629A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">Clermontia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Gaud.,
<taxonomicName id="8C64C58A9977CF00A30EC6FF555E193C" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Coprosma" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Coprosma" order="Gentianales" pageId="0" pageNumber="167" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8DE8DE76628E3A371B169A282CF09432" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">Coprosma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
J.R. Forst. &amp; G. Forst.,
<taxonomicName id="45BEB47B634D313F642FB4142542864A" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Cyrtandra" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cyrtandra" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="167" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4D3CE404EE46B89E72A1A7D3214B8C3D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">Cyrtandra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
J.R. Forst. &amp; G. Forst.,
<taxonomicName id="DBAAC011567CFBDA9D3289D7635D0E2F" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Hydrangeaceae" genus="Hydrangea" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Hydrangea" order="Cornales" pageId="0" pageNumber="167" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="9221B22558D4A12018A38F2C9BF637EF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">Hydrangea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
L.,
<taxonomicName id="43D37F397981C3D8998C92EFC6C4DAEB" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aquifoliaceae" genus="Ilex" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Ilex" order="Aquifoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="167" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A9DE0B8D0C0C49C2A1F3AB4615F3AEE0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">Ilex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
L.,
<taxonomicName id="F20B360FECB1C84903146F8DF8E8D55D" authorityName="Chamisso &amp; D.F.L.Schlechtendal" authorityYear="1829" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Kadua" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Kadua" order="Gentianales" pageId="0" pageNumber="167" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="BD36EEB5387625B82C3ECAB4FC48F646" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">Kadua</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Cham. &amp; Schltdl.,
<taxonomicName id="8D4B48BEC44C86717F6CB563E58405A2" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Primulaceae" genus="Myrsine" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Myrsine" order="Ericales" pageId="0" pageNumber="167" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="3DF9466187CE0FA82EFEB8E42C17C04A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">Myrsine</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
L.,
<taxonomicName id="610A1861731B09A1390DB1BFDA0201C6" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Dipentodontaceae" genus="Perrottetia" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Perrottetia" order="Huerteales" pageId="0" pageNumber="167" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="012134EC08610CDF4C26A0BE5D74D456" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">Perrottetia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Kunth,
<taxonomicName id="F83DE71C06383AB1AD9DCFD268634E84" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Urticaceae" genus="Pipturus" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pipturus" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="167" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4BE097D12D26678EA74B8ED280130241" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">Pipturus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Wedd., and
<taxonomicName id="533EAFD7B0CC742123432865E3C66B1B" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Psychotria" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Psychotria" order="Gentianales" pageId="0" pageNumber="167" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D64B081D749317738A4E349EE75BEFA3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">Psychotria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
L. Pteridophyte genera include
<taxonomicName id="0664254AFCE8595287073B9C47224E6E" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Athyriaceae" genus="Athyrium" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Athyrium" order="Polypodiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="167" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="5A773BB496A14185B6C861C81582B3D0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">Athyrium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Roth,
<taxonomicName id="430F4B4364BD606A2E76C88A68C960F2" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Cibotiaceae" genus="Cibotium" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cibotium" order="Cyatheales" pageId="0" pageNumber="167" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B346429E007C2088B3C57348FFB8142F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">Cibotium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Kaulf.,
<taxonomicName id="596F545D1DD7A7C8072A21A287C47C22" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Gleicheniaceae" genus="Dicranopteris" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Dicranopteris" order="Gleicheniales" pageId="0" pageNumber="167" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D236AAC8E2C2E9A1AF963BE2C78947F9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">Dicranopteris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Bernh.,
<taxonomicName id="A5549D927E2C912026E2405F82372D7C" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Athyriaceae" genus="Diplazium" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Diplazium" order="Polypodiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="167" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="EFE21BDB2D6839502DB3A46E1FF2778D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">Diplazium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Sw.,
<taxonomicName id="14B4C84D991335A56F3B359E5E306849" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dryopteridaceae" genus="Dryopteris" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Dryopteris" order="Polypodiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="167" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4F197C318290465EB10375CAE6E4B0E5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">Dryopteris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Adans., and
<taxonomicName id="8AD812FF808017CE1054679440BEF6A0" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Blechnaceae" genus="Sadleria" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Sadleria" order="Polypodiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="167" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B6AE26F76FF081B8E3046976E624C7E4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">Sadleria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Kaulf. that are prevalent and form a dense ground cover.
<taxonomicName id="4F41274FFD0A80B025DF594C79185773" class="Liliopsida" family="Pandanaceae" genus="Freycinetia" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Freycinetia arborea" order="Pandanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="167" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="arborea">
<emphasis id="6A6F2B061CA26B3560A3C13630BB8E7C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">Freycinetia arborea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Gaudich. is a widespread liana. Common epiphytes include species of
<taxonomicName id="4061D3D1172685DBE6CF43CC303FF985" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Polypodiaceae" genus="Adenophorus" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Adenophorus" order="Polypodiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="167" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7BC2A45D8DB0B7EC725C7B15E8364C96" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">Adenophorus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Gaudich.,
<taxonomicName id="D86A9AE0FDD7D25D95460AAE73289396" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Aspleniaceae" genus="Asplenium" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Asplenium" order="Polypodiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="167" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="F95CB2CB164EBEAB5C97BE68C7292907" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">Asplenium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
L.,
<taxonomicName id="C028FF74735581AA6A1BD6839745C725" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dryopteridaceae" genus="Elaphoglossum" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Elaphoglossum" order="Polypodiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="167" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="0FE0EF6CD232672BCBA05B0BA10EF4F1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">Elaphoglossum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Schott ex J. Sm., and several herbaceous species of
<taxonomicName id="07DC6E55503167340AD72B0D05F3947F" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Piperaceae" genus="Peperomia" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Peperomia" order="Piperales" pageId="0" pageNumber="167" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D85CF0D9E6628BD54DC45E873F76BA27" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">Peperomia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Ruiz &amp; Pav. The terrestrial sedge
<taxonomicName id="5883D461A4A97E2820BDA93DF2841CDE" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Carex" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Carex alligata" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="167" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alligata">
<emphasis id="06D79B484D61C9E71F59423F4A82C11B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">Carex alligata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Boott is occasional. The herbaceous
<taxonomicName id="8F321BA936441768495AFA6670047F59" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ranunculaceae" genus="Ranunculus" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Ranunculus mauiensis" order="Ranunculales" pageId="0" pageNumber="167" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mauiensis">
<emphasis id="D02B4D5C8FDC62BC43836594B5F4C8C2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">Ranunculus mauiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
A. Gray is a distinctive, but extremely rare element of this plant community.
</paragraph>
<caption id="4FAE09B93BB454EAEE143CF916A2F13C" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.227.100725.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/865028" pageId="0" pageNumber="167" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
<paragraph id="C8DAEA08F124F5F3D202AFB320BCF003" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">
<emphasis id="C48472EDED22A7D20996064B667B0B18" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">Figure 3.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4B6BC7CC560CACDA39D16C0FE8A154E6" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Campanulaceae" genus="Clermontia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Clermontia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="167" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="AADD413122A37A39F846FDEB18E79C70" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">Clermontia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<normalizedToken id="D8D31AFAE7D5F29D8DCF42E96D8A1CF1" originalValue="Pōhākea">Pōhakea</normalizedToken>
Gulch area, west Maui
<emphasis id="4143D10D1998432058FA6C661AB33592" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">A-C</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="FB6C25C72194EEB2EB3D6269A5019529" authorityName="H. Oppenheimer, Lorence, &amp; W. L. Wagner" authorityYear="2023" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Campanulaceae" genus="Clermontia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Clermontia hanaulaensis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="167" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hanaulaensis">
<emphasis id="2C4F51F89827D9F501A5C99B6361F37A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">Clermontia hanaulaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
H. Oppenheimer, Lorence &amp; W.L. Wagner
<emphasis id="746337276D4E620F4C056643E75B8462" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">A, B</emphasis>
habit, from field images of type collection with purple and white perianth (from
<emphasis id="535C07C7E12B04CE92F62977153359F1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">Oppenheimer &amp; Severson H82102</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="0AE60EBD18898E55F11466508DD9074C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">C</emphasis>
mature fruit, taken in Sep. 2020
<emphasis id="C03B76D4BD55AE7D318114E5EA83805F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">D-F</emphasis>
from other
<taxonomicName id="139DDF4C41F1D3A746221692E7EA488D" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Campanulaceae" genus="Clermontia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Clermontia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="167" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="38015CB34C7F54273ACFF274AA50DEC4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">Clermontia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
plants in
<normalizedToken id="3859CC9739EF17D4F36C0A106F96D7A4" originalValue="Pōhākea">Pōhakea</normalizedToken>
Gulch showing variations that could represent hybridization between
<taxonomicName id="BDD0EA97C4ACC6A0D615FF2A6A0A1639" lsidName="C. hanaulaensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="167" rank="species" species="hanaulaensis">
<emphasis id="6538F5025C6EA108DA34FB26A997C6BD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">C. hanaulaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and other sympatric species or between other species in the area
<emphasis id="AB12A7745878D30C31ECF008B6B44351" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">D</emphasis>
habit, form with shorter, wider calyx showing slight separation of calyx tube from corolla tube, taken in Sep. 2020 (unvouchered)
<emphasis id="6AEE989EF254667E3069963193C087CA" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">E</emphasis>
habit, form with shorter, wider calyx, taken in Aug. 2020 (unvouchered)
<emphasis id="ECCDEABEF88D1EE5CD1E5A73B7C48C98" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">F</emphasis>
habit, form with white perianth, taken in Aug. 2020 (
<emphasis id="D1E1C206ED7ADF9C74E8A964B3914BE0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">H. Oppenheimer &amp; K. Severson H82101</emphasis>
, BISH, PTBG, US). All photos by H. Oppenheimer.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="75DEF5CDA0DE378C2C535350F24BCCC7" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">
Soil is of typical basaltic origin derived from the original shield-building Wailuku Volcanic Series (
<bibRefCitation id="90A02F2CD1842E3C1DAABD95743BE470" author="Stearns, HT" journalOrPublisher="PhytoKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="167" refId="B21" refString="Stearns, HT, MacDonald, GA, 1942. Geology and ground-water resources of the island of Maui, Hawaii. U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 7, Advertiser Publishing Co. Ltd., Honolulu." title="Geology and ground-water resources of the island of Maui, Hawaii. U. S. Geological Survey Bulletin 7, Advertiser Publishing Co. Ltd., Honolulu." year="1942">Stearns and MacDonald 1942</bibRefCitation>
). The average annual rainfall is approximately 2700 mm. (
<bibRefCitation id="18804D96E46813F69027180A9F8615EB" author="Giambelluca, TW" pageId="0" pageNumber="167" refId="B2" refString="Giambelluca, TW, Nuller, D, Schroeder, TA, 1986. Rainfall Atlas of Hawai'i. Department of Land and Natural Resources, Honolulu." title="Rainfall Atlas of Hawai'i. Department of Land and Natural Resources, Honolulu." year="1986">Giambelluca et al. 1986</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2C413258BEB246194C487E1F862739E0" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">
<taxonomicName id="F7C46B6B760321EE21A77694CAE233DC" authority="subsp. arborescens" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Campanulaceae" genus="Clermontia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Clermontia arborescens subsp. arborescens" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="167" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="arborescens" subSpecies="arborescens">Clermontia arborescens subsp. arborescens</taxonomicName>
occurs sympatrically throughout the range of
<taxonomicName id="8930594685D2AFC448D07DB744D446C3" lsidName="C. hanaulaensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="167" rank="species" species="hanaulaensis">
<emphasis id="C0BE4A2C7D829EBD46E842479A43E85F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">C. hanaulaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, whereas
<taxonomicName id="D3B7AF7EC043937CCC910D93A664B989" lsidName="C. grandiflora subsp. munroi" pageId="0" pageNumber="167" rank="subSpecies" species="grandiflora" subSpecies="munroi">C. grandiflora subsp. munroi</taxonomicName>
is scattered although locally common, and
<taxonomicName id="8A0AD8B66F43C91B720A4DCF2BA372CE" authority="subsp. grandiflora" lsidName="C. grandiflora subsp. grandiflora" pageId="0" pageNumber="167" rank="subSpecies" species="grandiflora" subSpecies="grandiflora">C. grandiflora subsp. grandiflora</taxonomicName>
occurs at the upper perimeter of the population. Even further away in much wetter habitat with annual rainfall above ca. 2900 mm are populations of
<taxonomicName id="D6EE78EEC9BBF2625D34031FC34390B7" lsidName="C. micrantha" pageId="0" pageNumber="167" rank="species" species="micrantha">
<emphasis id="996800F196E9031CAEFE47993E23CE13" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">C. micrantha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Hillebrand) Rock, while
<taxonomicName id="A548DD435D2D8138A791D4D31DFD815E" lsidName="C. kakeana" pageId="0" pageNumber="167" rank="species" species="kakeana">
<emphasis id="1CDFD765AF1A1A43081FBD362F8F2D8D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">C. kakeana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occurs in lower, drier areas with annual rainfall below ca. 2600 mm. These taxa are readily distinguished morphologically from
<taxonomicName id="B3756FF38CD8BD3C84B810A6898073BC" lsidName="C. hanaulaensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="167" rank="species" species="hanaulaensis">
<emphasis id="1F14E4CEC99DEDCE6CB4DDC5D36F5CEA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">C. hanaulaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the characters given in the key to the Maui species below.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="75D73C957A9A25EBE269A83DB4071B16" pageId="0" pageNumber="167" type="phenology">
<paragraph id="34485D898425F29CFA14E8B834ABB141" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">Phenology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2AC0F1D4D2A42CFB642D97495D04646D" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">
<taxonomicName id="C71A969C85B914B778E7AA9FB74CC7D1" authorityName="H. Oppenheimer, Lorence, &amp; W. L. Wagner" authorityYear="2023" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Campanulaceae" genus="Clermontia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Clermontia hanaulaensis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="167" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hanaulaensis">
<emphasis id="76A0DB94D979834B0021D3D003D9D7AA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">Clermontia hanaulaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been observed to be flowering from July through September, with fruit maturing from August through October.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="8D9781BA74A442223149AF252477974B" pageId="0" pageNumber="167" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="B12358844EA9699A832115E3D58BB2AB" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B0A0A096A01FAD3D135BBD1AB657341" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">
The specific name honors
<normalizedToken id="933B536506FB8D824760B5C6EBE94186" originalValue="Hana‘ula">Hana'ula</normalizedToken>
, a peak on southern Mauna
<normalizedToken id="C1083CC511F2176693727C658404425A" originalValue="Kahālāwai">Kahalawai</normalizedToken>
(aka west Maui Mountains).
<emphasis id="A25DCBC46D05A4CF1B996410D3B1AAD3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">Lit.</emphasis>
red bay (
<bibRefCitation id="BAC3F40854AB012261846B5DF41E899F" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1515/9780824885625" author="Pukui, MK" journalOrPublisher="PhytoKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="167" refId="B17" refString="Pukui, MK, Elbert, SH, Mookini, ET, 1966. Place names of Hawai'i. University of Hawai'i Press, Honolulu. https://doi.org/10.1515/9780824885625" title="Place names of Hawai'i. University of Hawai'i Press, Honolulu." url="https://doi.org/10.1515/9780824885625" year="1966">Pukui et al. 1966</bibRefCitation>
); + Latin suffix -
<emphasis id="F3BF0BFFB29A999FE1AA0EE0C9076EFC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">ensis</emphasis>
, indicating a place of origin or growth. The Hawaiian vernacular names '
<emphasis id="DED6B715E75D497771A933490E4FCC0D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">
<normalizedToken id="F02134FAF8C486320853D982C3FC0F93" originalValue="ōhā">ōha</normalizedToken>
wai
</emphasis>
, '
<emphasis id="CF0B76781D930C7F34225173C1707AE1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">
<normalizedToken id="3E69D3B0F65FBF62D59E92A39BB17D65" originalValue="ōhā">ōha</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="8066D65AE0FD485D954BE8F205C93963" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">
<normalizedToken id="C30D19BFF5F731539AA88A0C3D785D44" originalValue="hāhā">haha</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
, '
<emphasis id="1A71C211CAC57CCEDE03BC37369EACDF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">
<normalizedToken id="AA8B4F83B6F4FB34A39D99AC32BA0AB9" originalValue="ōhāhā">ōhaha</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
, '
<emphasis id="8CE39360E27B1148DDD12537FC577013" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">
<normalizedToken id="2E1D6CE3E35268E4DC68E5BCC54E0D34" originalValue="ōhā">ōha</normalizedToken>
wai nui
</emphasis>
, and '
<emphasis id="39ECF05D017BA7A7244704B38CFA3304" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">
<normalizedToken id="13D7456C9359BDFE0886FA7B749FD488" originalValue="ōhāhā">ōhaha</normalizedToken>
wai nui
</emphasis>
apply to other species of
<taxonomicName id="27A7E36317EFA08616F0913DCF67172D" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Campanulaceae" genus="Clermontia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Clermontia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="167" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1DCAB2E0BCD7F4AF02AA299F99ECE11A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">Clermontia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="AC642D16A1649CC37E5AA5A72AF25741" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1515/9780824842260" author="Pukui, MK" journalOrPublisher="PhytoKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="167" refId="B16" refString="Pukui, MK, Elbert, SH, 1986. Hawaiian Dictionary. Revised Edition. University of Hawai'i Press, Honolulu. https://doi.org/10.1515/9780824842260" title="Hawaiian Dictionary. Revised Edition. University of Hawai'i Press, Honolulu." url="https://doi.org/10.1515/9780824842260" year="1986">Pukui and Elbert 1986</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="6F2CC02C158BD5D6BE582D0C4ED990C7" DOI="https://doi.org/10.2307/25027798" author="Lammers, TG" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Botany Monographs" pageId="0" pageNumber="167" pagination="1 - 97" refId="B9" refString="Lammers, TG, 1991. Systematics of Clermontia (Campanulaceae - Lobelioideae). Systematic Botany Monographs 32: 1 - 97, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/25027798" title="Systematics of Clermontia (Campanulaceae - Lobelioideae)." url="https://doi.org/10.2307/25027798" volume="32" year="1991">Lammers 1991</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="C0E9ED8496E5CEDBFDCA55E4EB5BB675" author="Wagner, WL" journalOrPublisher="University of Hawai'i Press, Vol. 2" pageId="0" pageNumber="167" refId="B22" refString="Wagner, WL, Herbst, DR, Sohmer, SH, 1999. Manual of the Flowering Plants of Hawai'i, revised edition with supplement by Wagner WL and Herbst DR. University of Hawai'i Press, Vol. 2" title="Manual of the Flowering Plants of Hawai'i, revised edition with supplement by Wagner WL and Herbst DR." year="1999">Wagner et al. 1999</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9BEC95388A4BAF252F8C40C6544A24FE" pageId="0" pageNumber="167" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="616ED4B46BA3EE91444DA398F98CB4AF" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">Specimens examined</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AEB8743A39BE618F59C36A75AA20B8A9" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">
<emphasis id="5C109D3A3E024AE864CE6BA51CEF58F5" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">
(
<emphasis id="A7B5B4BE0A5A48AF09C134897FF1D84E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">
<typeStatus id="B59EB0F32D39A4D9C14D16133D59113F">paratypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
).
<materialsCitation id="D07A7862A52424431FC80E70F54B069D" accessionNumber="H72005, H72006, H72007, H72008, H72009, H82005, H82006, H92014, H92015, H92101" collectingDate="2020-07-30" collectingDateMax="2021-09-10" collectingDateMin="2020-07-30" collectorName="H. Oppenheimer, K. Bustamente, K. Severson, Z. Pezzillo" country="USA" county="Wailuku District" location="Gulch" municipality="Hana'ula" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Hawaiian Islands. Maui">
<collectingCountry id="7AC3806642613197A4E14023E8184A89" name="United States of America">USA</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="0C3E5944318C40D6A7035E141F30C5FD">Hawaiian Islands. Maui</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCounty id="0594968F363FA046ABF5F1687F1F3C78">Wailuku District</collectingCounty>
, slopes of
<normalizedToken id="090811A05E8B7FE27B005CE393E47EFE" originalValue="Hana‘ula">
<collectingMunicipality id="CDEC2DEB263E17DA184191E9D8C46751">Hana'ula</collectingMunicipality>
</normalizedToken>
,
<normalizedToken id="985C5475C9CC9578350C704CF9618094" originalValue="Pōhākea">Pōhakea</normalizedToken>
<location id="C2283736FF54016F17BF039368F815D8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9BDF90BE4F1954E19A8E850165BC48CA:C2283736FF54016F17BF039368F815D8" country="USA" county="Wailuku District" municipality="Hana'ula" name="Gulch" stateProvince="Hawaiian Islands. Maui">Gulch</location>
,
<collectingDate id="8370CD9D45F8CBF54806E66667DEB5ED" value="2020-07-30">30 Jul. 2020</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis id="E34A9482963B82E5AE7E08AA80A9BBF4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">
<collectorName id="9CA01B520E9EBBEBB14B3B6D7B6B22A0">H. Oppenheimer</collectorName>
<accessionNumber id="B67EEC1154E9B1922C1740839BF1BA4F" httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nucleotide/H72005">H72005</accessionNumber>
</emphasis>
(BISH, PTBG, US);
<emphasis id="9670647AF9AEFBABF2266755FAF598F2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">
<collectorName id="2638EF72271003D70E77CA5AAD866637">H. Oppenheimer</collectorName>
<accessionNumber id="44EAE86BAFA3E7151E4B4B67A156835E" httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nucleotide/H72006">H72006</accessionNumber>
</emphasis>
(BISH, PTBG);
<emphasis id="ED7105C963B142309E73CF6D3DBA7F99" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">
<collectorName id="CA25B41E80C8E0B873B7CEF4028200EC">H. Oppenheimer</collectorName>
<accessionNumber id="E9F060194BE5B3EA24BB083727B57317" httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nucleotide/H72007">H72007</accessionNumber>
</emphasis>
(BISH, PTBG, US);
<emphasis id="774057898F671297D713045C9EEF9B22" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">
<collectorName id="9E98A4B38140BDA65FCFC6AD4EC475DE">H. Oppenheimer</collectorName>
<accessionNumber id="53EA9A0157C3BB4A24C0367B5DD8D321" httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nucleotide/H72008">H72008</accessionNumber>
</emphasis>
(BISH);
<emphasis id="AA329CD029DF9E85C390CA4AEAFEA0BE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">
<collectorName id="C2C8EDCABCECEA2ADD79EDFFB75FA823">H. Oppenheimer</collectorName>
<accessionNumber id="730A1DB12CBC95C7FF9CC9AEBD9BD6ED" httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nucleotide/H72009">H72009</accessionNumber>
</emphasis>
(BISH);
<collectingDate id="BA2B3969862A351E05F477B5DE030F46" value="2020-08-21">21 Aug. 2020</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis id="6326F2D8507053303098EB11158C1683" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">
<collectorName id="ACDF5E6AE191DC263C9FC9D4B38E1C86">H. Oppenheimer</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="9FAB212C83D1C22F336D4625E259DBB7">K. Bustamente</collectorName>
<accessionNumber id="BC835D6E180F3F8D4A1C41903CCE2315" httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nucleotide/H82005">H82005</accessionNumber>
</emphasis>
(BISH, PTBG);
<emphasis id="9716153F8DEFF2F7ADB8588474184FEF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">
<collectorName id="18410EB3287DE1C1C88485C7D3168BFB">H. Oppenheimer</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="180549F9B0528DCD7FE4528A51997E82">K. Bustamente</collectorName>
<accessionNumber id="12406CDA57965630E5D4554C68925549" httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nucleotide/H82006">H82006</accessionNumber>
</emphasis>
(BISH);
<collectingDate id="6D51D22B262D3BBB3DC171F5B85DB909" value="2020-09-28">28 Sep. 2020</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis id="BB31A5BB833EC1F17CDF6C07B5103B07" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">
<collectorName id="8BCB9E35A34ABB9A2461180E413BF9E7">H. Oppenheimer</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="B5068572B6995CF42FB3770494260093">K. Severson</collectorName>
<accessionNumber id="E964576F7DB17353475B2F5503DF15BC" httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nucleotide/H92014">H92014</accessionNumber>
</emphasis>
(BISH, PTBG, flowers and mature fruit in alcohol);
<emphasis id="FC09CBBBB5F6560741369696B837BE3D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">
<collectorName id="662CD60E4EFDB0224371C9BD76682EFF">H. Oppenheimer</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="17CED4C3AF04A71E5D8E662F56DC1308">K. Severson</collectorName>
<accessionNumber id="9DFE09687D0182C98D068B1E7409A052" httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nucleotide/H92015">H92015</accessionNumber>
</emphasis>
(PTBG);
<collectingDate id="CC2C783E242973653826015BD70EB86E" value="2020-10-02">2 Oct. 2020</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis id="386B47C9D636546DBB204FA0677F74A5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">
<collectorName id="580BCFEAF76A6104732504E511DA8AD3">H. Oppenheimer</collectorName>
H102002
</emphasis>
(BISH),
<emphasis id="D8EA05B82ACC07970779B475B1CA0B27" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">
<collectorName id="DA5A78191DAA71C2E4A7777424404F02">H. Oppenheimer</collectorName>
H102003
</emphasis>
(BISH);
<collectingDate id="F403A0F04740558088C58F823400AD60" value="2021-09-10">10 Sep. 2021</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis id="0943CFDFB944420CC85A151DD3165EB1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="167">
<collectorName id="79D7E15483705D64CEC1C474774AC925">H. Oppenheimer</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="D4817769E7843DA09389D20B083EBCAC">Z. Pezzillo</collectorName>
<accessionNumber id="7EA2C4CD32E16C11AA00412B00738102" httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nucleotide/H92101">H92101</accessionNumber>
</emphasis>
(BISH, PTBG, US)
</materialsCitation>
</emphasis>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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