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<document id="6EC20DE117F7ADDC4EFDFFC47A23319E" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.197793" ID-GBIF-Dataset="8f84f706-94cc-43a5-9027-efd2138aa784" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="197793" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460278674581" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Braasch, Dietrich &amp; Boonsoong, Boonsatien" docDate="2010" docId="716BF555FF98FFDF8FF0FD627F2762B4" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02610p026.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2610" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Iron longitibius Nguyen &amp; Bae 2004" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="22" masterDocId="8D528D2DFF8BFFCA8F67FF8F7D58656A" masterDocTitle="A contribution to the Heptageniidae (Insecta, Ephemeroptera) of Thailand and Malaysia" masterLastPageNumber="26" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="20" updateTime="1698249041875" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="1797F6E6D0DDE826ED4259457E240C90">A contribution to the Heptageniidae (Insecta, Ephemeroptera) of Thailand and Malaysia</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="1EF602E2219D42FE5C74F52C5DC93E54">Braasch, Dietrich</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="F1E59E0CD829EF1714FDFA4768CC553B">Boonsoong, Boonsatien</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="C70357FDCB83D4E4CE29ACDBC5692A15">2010</mods:date>
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<treatment id="716BF555FF98FFDF8FF0FD627F2762B4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6211095" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127804266" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6211095" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:716BF555FF98FFDF8FF0FD627F2762B4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/716BF555FF98FFDF8FF0FD627F2762B4" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="22" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<subSubSection id="B1D817C8FF98FFD98FF0FD627E4C666D" box="[151,788,749,775]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="F97D4443FF98FFD98FF0FD627E4C666D" blockId="19.[151,788,749,775]" box="[151,788,749,775]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<heading id="A235F32FFF98FFD98FF0FD627E4C666D" bold="true" box="[151,788,749,775]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" reason="1">
<emphasis id="CBB69851FF98FFD98FF0FD627E4C666D" bold="true" box="[151,788,749,775]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<taxonomicName id="3EC23FC0FF98FFD98FF0FD627F04666D" authority="Nguyen &amp; Bae, 2004" authorityName="Nguyen &amp; Bae" authorityYear="2004" box="[151,604,749,775]" class="Insecta" family="Heptageniidae" genus="Iron" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longitibius">
<emphasis id="CBB69851FF98FFD98FF0FD627C0D666D" bold="true" box="[151,341,749,775]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Iron longitibius</emphasis>
Nguyen &amp; Bae, 2004
</taxonomicName>
(questionable)
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B1D817C8FF98FFD98FF0FCBA7C496350" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="description">
<paragraph id="F97D4443FF98FFD98FF0FCBA79366625" blockId="19.[151,1437,821,2004]" box="[151,1134,821,847]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<emphasis id="CBB69851FF98FFD98FF0FCBA7C776625" bold="true" box="[151,303,821,847]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Description.</emphasis>
Female La: premature; body length 14.0 mm, cerci 13.0 mm (broken).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F97D4443FF98FFD98FA2FCD579A761F5" blockId="19.[151,1437,821,2004]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<emphasis id="CBB69851FF98FFD98FA2FCD57C49661E" bold="true" box="[197,273,858,884]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Head:</emphasis>
Almost bluntly triangular (Fig. 83); conspicuous darker mark in the middle of head, anterior face pale whitish and region around antennae and ocelli yellow coloured. Anterior margin of head with short hairs, in the middle somewhat upstanding, laterally reversed. Labrum (Fig. 84): with hairlike setae dorsally and marginally. Mandible (Figs. 85–86) incisors serrate, outer incisor longer than inner incisor. Maxillae (Fig. 87): apex of galea-lacinia terminating with 3 acute teeth, ventral surface of galea-lacinia with submedian row of setae, basal segment of maxillary palp with sparse long hairlike setae, apical segment with numerous hairlike setae. Hypopharynx (Fig. 88): lingua with anterolateral lobes, superlinguae weakly expanded. Labium (Fig. 89): with V-shape separation between glossae, glossae pointed apically, paraglossae slightly expanded laterally, apical segment of labial palp with rows of pectinate and hairlike setae on outer margin.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F97D4443FF98FFD98FA2FB257F996065" blockId="19.[151,1437,821,2004]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<emphasis id="CBB69851FF98FFD98FA2FB257C0861AE" bold="true" box="[197,336,1194,1220]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Prothorax:</emphasis>
Femora without distinctively visible patches, dorsally with roundish spot (Fig. 90), femoral bristles (Fig. 91) with lengths of
<quantity id="3E3AE9A6FF98FFD98D78FB5F7F976180" box="[543,719,1232,1258]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="0.06" valueMax="0.08" valueMin="0.04">0.04–0.08 mm</quantity>
, partly positioned in a chagrination field mixed up with fine setal bristles; claws without denticles (Fig. 92).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F97D4443FF98FFD98FA2FA957C496350" blockId="19.[151,1437,821,2004]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<emphasis id="CBB69851FF98FFD98FA2FA957C13605E" bold="true" box="[197,331,1306,1332]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Abdomen:</emphasis>
Yellow-brown; terga (Fig. 93) without comb of pointed tubercles, but with narrow median groove covered with weak fringe of fine hairs up to
<quantity id="3E3AE9A6FF98FFD98C6FFACF7E2A6030" box="[776,882,1344,1370]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="0.02">0.02 mm</quantity>
(Fig. 94); hind margins of terga with a row of relative strong, acute spines of
<quantity id="3E3AE9A6FF98FFD98D7EFAEA7FDE6015" box="[537,646,1381,1407]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="0.08">0.08 mm</quantity>
(Fig. 94), irregularly substituted by single or some finer spines. Prospective adult dorsal pattern of faint streaks and spots already visible in segments I–III (Fig. 93); segments IV–IX with blurred median double streak posteriorly; sterna light without any pattern. Gill I large, contiguous, gill lamellae II–VI provided with processus, gill VII with fold; lengths of gills I, III, V and VII are 3.5, 2.0, 2.08 and
<quantity id="3E3AE9A6FF98FFD98E60FA757C2E637E" box="[263,374,1530,1556]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.88" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="1.88">1.88 mm</quantity>
, respectively (Figs. 95–98). Anterior caudal filaments dark brown, posterior 2/3 portion yellowish.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B1D817C8FF98FFDE8FA2F9CA7FA162C3" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="F97D4443FF98FFD98FA2F9CA7D8362BE" blockId="19.[151,1437,821,2004]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<emphasis id="CBB69851FF98FFD98FA2F9CA7C1F6335" bold="true" box="[197,327,1605,1631]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
Supposed
<taxonomicName id="3EC23FC0FF98FFD98EADF9CA7FDA6334" box="[458,642,1605,1630]" class="Insecta" family="Heptageniidae" genus="Iron" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longitibius">
<emphasis id="CBB69851FF98FFD98EADF9CA7FDA6334" box="[458,642,1605,1630]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Iron longitibius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a species with a rounded triangular head (Fig. 83), a foretibia of equal length of forefemur (Fig. 90) and a dot-like femur spot (Fig. 90), with tergal spines alternating irregularly (Fig. 94), and having gills III (Fig. 96) and V (Fig. 97) with subquadrangular shape, and gill VII (Fig. 98) with a fold. The figures of
<taxonomicName id="3EC23FC0FF98FFD98D2EF93A7FBA63A4" box="[585,738,1717,1742]" class="Insecta" family="Heptageniidae" genus="Iron" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longitibius">
<emphasis id="CBB69851FF98FFD98D2EF93A7FBA63A4" box="[585,738,1717,1742]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">I. longitibius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in
<bibRefCitation id="9D5339B2FF98FFD98C6FF93A794363A5" author="Nguyen" box="[776,1051,1717,1743]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" refString="Nguyen, V. V. &amp; Bae, Y. J. (2004 b) Two heptageniid mayflies, Iron martinus Braasch and Soldan and Iron longitibius new species (Ephemeroptera: Heptageniidae), from Vietnam. Korean Journal of Limnology, 37 (1), 102 - 105." type="journal article" year="2004" yearSuffix="b">Nguyen &amp; Bae (2004b</bibRefCitation>
: p.104, Figs. 7–12) show a head with anterior margin slightly concave, an abdomen with distinct median dark brown markings on terga I–X medioanteriorly, a foretibia 1.2 x length of forefemur and a lack of femur spots.With exception of gill I, each being almost equal, gills are quite different: gill III is oval elongated, gill VII is elongated curved downward, without fold. Further characteristics, i.e. mouthparts, posterior margin of tergum, femur bristles on dorsal face and tarsal claw are not illustrated in
<bibRefCitation id="9D5339B2FF98FFD98D24F8FF7E0462E0" author="Nguyen" box="[579,860,1904,1930]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" refString="Nguyen, V. V. &amp; Bae, Y. J. (2004 b) Two heptageniid mayflies, Iron martinus Braasch and Soldan and Iron longitibius new species (Ephemeroptera: Heptageniidae), from Vietnam. Korean Journal of Limnology, 37 (1), 102 - 105." type="journal article" year="2004" yearSuffix="b">Nguyen &amp; Bae (2004b)</bibRefCitation>
. So, a right comparison, also in view of different stages, is not possible and therefore, provisionally, we place our specimen in
<taxonomicName id="3EC23FC0FF98FFD98B4FF81A798662C4" box="[1064,1246,1941,1966]" class="Insecta" family="Heptageniidae" genus="Iron" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longitibius">
<emphasis id="CBB69851FF98FFD98B4FF81A798662C4" box="[1064,1246,1941,1966]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Iron longitibius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with a question mark.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F97D4443FF9FFFDE8FF0FA6C7C456331" blockId="20.[151,1436,1507,1627]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<emphasis id="CBB69851FF9FFFDE8FF0FA6C7CAB6091" bold="true" box="[151,499,1507,1531]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">PLATE XIII. FIGURES 83–89</emphasis>
. Larva of?
<taxonomicName id="3EC23FC0FF9FFFDE8D14FA6B795D6091" authority="Nguyen &amp; Bae, 2004" authorityName="Nguyen &amp; Bae" authorityYear="2004" box="[627,1029,1508,1531]" class="Insecta" family="Heptageniidae" genus="Iron" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longitibius">
<emphasis id="CBB69851FF9FFFDE8D14FA6B7E416091" box="[627,793,1508,1531]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Iron longitibius</emphasis>
Nguyen &amp; Bae, 2004
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis id="CBB69851FF9FFFDE8B69FA6C79706091" bold="true" box="[1038,1064,1507,1531]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">83</emphasis>
. Head capsule.
<emphasis id="CBB69851FF9FFFDE8BB5FA6C79B46091" bold="true" box="[1234,1260,1507,1531]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">84</emphasis>
, Labrum, dorsal view (left) and ventral view (right).
<emphasis id="CBB69851FF9FFFDE8D4AF98C7F116371" bold="true" box="[557,585,1539,1563]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">85</emphasis>
, Right mandible.
<emphasis id="CBB69851FF9FFFDE8C74F98C7E776371" bold="true" box="[787,815,1539,1563]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">86</emphasis>
, Apex of right mandible, dorsal view.
<emphasis id="CBB69851FF9FFFDE8B86F98C79A56371" bold="true" box="[1249,1277,1539,1563]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">87</emphasis>
, Left maxilla, ventral view.
<emphasis id="CBB69851FF9FFFDE8E4BF9AC7C1F6351" bold="true" box="[300,327,1571,1595]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">88</emphasis>
, Hypopharynx, dorsal view (left) and ventral view (right).
<emphasis id="CBB69851FF9FFFDE8CB7F9AC7EB36351" bold="true" box="[976,1003,1571,1595]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">89</emphasis>
, Labium, dorsal view (left) and ventral view (right).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F97D4443FF9FFFDE8FA2F9067FA162C3" blockId="20.[151,1437,1673,2035]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
In contrast to south-east Asian
<taxonomicName id="3EC23FC0FF9FFFDE8D54F9067F3D63C8" box="[563,613,1673,1698]" class="Insecta" family="Heptageniidae" genus="Iron" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="CBB69851FF9FFFDE8D54F9067F3D63C8" box="[563,613,1673,1698]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Iron</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species, Himalayan
<taxonomicName id="3EC23FC0FF9FFFDE8C3FF90679EE63C9" authority="Braasch, 2006" authorityName="Braasch" authorityYear="2006" box="[856,1206,1673,1699]" class="Insecta" family="Heptageniidae" genus="Iron" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="papillatus">
<emphasis id="CBB69851FF9FFFDE8C3FF906795E63C8" box="[856,1030,1673,1698]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Iron papillatus</emphasis>
Braasch, 2006
</taxonomicName>
bears gills dorsally equipped with papillae and without dorsal spines.
<taxonomicName id="3EC23FC0FF9FFFDE8D91F9207E3E63A2" box="[758,870,1711,1736]" class="Insecta" family="Heptageniidae" genus="Ironopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="CBB69851FF9FFFDE8D91F9207E3E63A2" box="[758,870,1711,1736]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Ironopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-like
<taxonomicName id="3EC23FC0FF9FFFDE8CC1F92078D863A3" authority="Braasch, 1983" authorityName="Braasch" authorityYear="1983" box="[934,1408,1711,1737]" class="Insecta" family="Heptageniidae" genus="Iron" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kapurkripalanorum">
<emphasis id="CBB69851FF9FFFDE8CC1F920799463A2" box="[934,1228,1711,1736]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Iron kapurkripalanorum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="9D5339B2FF9FFFDE8BB3F92078D863A3" author="Braasch" box="[1236,1408,1711,1737]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" refString="Braasch, D. (1983) Eintagsfliegen (Gattungen Epeorus und Iron aus Nepal und Indien (Ephemeroptera, Heptageniidae). Reichenbachia, 21, 195 - 196." type="journal article" year="1983">Braasch, 1983</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
is likewise without tergal spines, has legs without femora spots, each femur has a fringe of very long hairs on outer margin, and abdominal terga II–VII each has a patch on the mid-dorsal line behind the fore margins. More in western Himalayas, species of the
<taxonomicName id="3EC23FC0FF9FFFDE8DEBF8907E6F6252" box="[652,823,1823,1848]" class="Insecta" family="Heptageniidae" genus="Iron" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="montanus">
<emphasis id="CBB69851FF9FFFDE8DEBF8907E6F6252" box="[652,823,1823,1848]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Iron montanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-group, e.g.
<taxonomicName id="3EC23FC0FF9FFFDE8CA3F890784A6253" authority="Braasch, 1981" authorityName="Braasch" authorityYear="1981" box="[964,1298,1823,1849]" class="Insecta" family="Heptageniidae" genus="Iron" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="martensi">
<emphasis id="CBB69851FF9FFFDE8CA3F890793B6252" box="[964,1123,1823,1848]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Iron martensi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="9D5339B2FF9FFFDE8B0EF890784A6253" author="Braasch" box="[1129,1298,1823,1849]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" refString="Braasch, D. (1981) Eintagsfliegen (Gattungen Epeorus und Iron) aus Nepal (II) (Ephemeroptera, Heptageniidae). Reichenbachia, 19 (18), 105 - 110." type="journal article" year="1981">Braasch, 1981</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, rule out by having median row of single spines (‘one-spine-allies’) or exhibit other
<typeStatus id="2679FAE1FF9FFFDE8C95F8CB79686234" box="[1010,1072,1860,1886]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">types</typeStatus>
of larval terga (
<bibRefCitation id="9D5339B2FF9FFFDE8B88F8CB78CF6234" author="Braasch" box="[1263,1431,1860,1886]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" refString="Braasch, D. (1981) Eintagsfliegen (Gattungen Epeorus und Iron) aus Nepal (II) (Ephemeroptera, Heptageniidae). Reichenbachia, 19 (18), 105 - 110." type="journal article" year="1981">Braasch 1981</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="9D5339B2FF9FFFDE8FF0F8E67C7262E9" author="Traver" box="[151,298,1897,1923]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" refString="Traver, J. R. (1939) Himalayan Mayflies (Ephemeroptera). Annals and Magazine of Natural History, (11) 4, 32 - 56." type="journal article" year="1939">Traver 1939</bibRefCitation>
). Also
<taxonomicName id="3EC23FC0FF9FFFDE8E1BF8E67F8562E9" authority="Braasch, 2006" authorityName="Braasch" authorityYear="2006" box="[380,733,1897,1923]" class="Insecta" family="Heptageniidae" genus="Iron" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="suspicatus">
<emphasis id="CBB69851FF9FFFDE8E1BF8E67F7662E8" box="[380,558,1897,1922]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Iron suspicatus</emphasis>
Braasch, 2006
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingCountry id="81D504D3FF9FFFDE8C43F8E67E3262E9" box="[804,874,1897,1923]" name="Nepal" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Nepal</collectingCountry>
with its conspicuous pattern on terga and sterna is not comparable with the species described herein.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B1D817C8FF9FFFDF8FA2F83B7C2A64B6" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="22" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="F97D4443FF9FFFDF8FA2F83B7F2A6596" blockId="20.[151,1437,1673,2035]" lastBlockId="21.[151,1437,152,588]" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="22" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<emphasis id="CBB69851FF9FFFDE8FA2F83B7C0B62A4" bold="true" box="[197,339,1972,1998]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Discussion.</emphasis>
Species of genus
<taxonomicName id="3EC23FC0FF9FFFDE8D49F83B7FA262A4" authority="Eaton, 1883" authorityName="Eaton" authorityYear="1883" box="[558,762,1972,1998]" class="Insecta" family="Heptageniidae" genus="Iron" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="CBB69851FF9FFFDE8D49F83B7F3862A7" box="[558,608,1972,1997]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Iron</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="9D5339B2FF9FFFDE8D0EF83B7FA262A4" author="Eaton" box="[617,762,1972,1998]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" refString="Eaton, A. B. (1883 - 1888) A revisional monograph of recent Ephemeridae or mayflies. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London, Zoology, (2) 3, 1 - 352." type="journal article" year="1883">Eaton, 1883</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
are rarely spread in Southeast Asia. In
<collectingCountry id="81D504D3FF9FFFDE8BB0F83B781D62A4" box="[1239,1349,1972,1998]" name="Thailand" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Thailand</collectingCountry>
, so far, there is only
<taxonomicName id="3EC23FC0FF9FFFDE8E55F8567C8B6298" box="[306,467,2009,2034]" class="Insecta" family="Heptageniidae" genus="Iron" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="martinus">
<emphasis id="CBB69851FF9FFFDE8E55F8567C8B6298" box="[306,467,2009,2034]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Iron martinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(s. below), whereas
<taxonomicName id="3EC23FC0FF9FFFDE8DAEF8567E736298" box="[713,811,2009,2034]" class="Insecta" family="Heptageniidae" genus="Epeorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="CBB69851FF9FFFDE8DAEF8567E736298" box="[713,811,2009,2034]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Epeorus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occurs in peninsular
<collectingCountry id="81D504D3FF9FFFDE8B4EF85679CD6299" box="[1065,1173,2009,2035]" name="Thailand" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Thailand</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="81D504D3FF9FFFDE8BC6F85678546299" box="[1185,1292,2009,2035]" name="Malaysia" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="9D5339B2FF9FFFDF8A7AF8567FB165D8" author="Braasch" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="22" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" refString="Braasch, D. &amp; Soldan, T. (1986 b) Die Heptageniidae des River Gombak in Malaysia (Ephemeroptera). Reichenbachia, 24 (3), 41 - 52." type="journal article" year="1986" yearSuffix="b">
Braasch &amp; Soldán 1986b:
<taxonomicName id="3EC23FC0FF9EFFDF8E2AFF177F3165DB" box="[333,617,152,177]" class="Insecta" family="Heptageniidae" genus="Epeorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hieroglyphicus">
<emphasis id="CBB69851FF9EFFDF8E2AFF177F3165DB" box="[333,617,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Epeorus hieroglyphicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
:
<collectingCountry id="81D504D3FF9EFFDF8D1DFF177FB165D8" box="[634,745,152,178]" name="Malaysia" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
</bibRefCitation>
) and Borneo (Braasch, in preparation;
<bibRefCitation id="9D5339B2FF9EFFDF8BA7FF17780C65D8" author="Ulmer" box="[1216,1364,152,178]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refString="Ulmer, G. (1939) Eintagsfliegen (Ephemeroptera) von den Sunda-Inseln. Archiv fur Hydrobiologie, Supplement, XVI, 443 - 692." type="book chapter" year="1939">Ulmer 1939</bibRefCitation>
),
<taxonomicName id="3EC23FC0FF9EFFDF8A0DFF1778C565DB" box="[1386,1437,152,177]" class="Insecta" family="Heptageniidae" genus="Iron" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="CBB69851FF9EFFDF8A0DFF1778C565DB" box="[1386,1437,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Iron</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species are missing. The reason might be a generally better adaptive potential to lower temperature and stronger current in
<taxonomicName id="3EC23FC0FF9EFFDF8E11FF6D7CF06591" box="[374,424,226,251]" class="Insecta" family="Heptageniidae" genus="Iron" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="CBB69851FF9EFFDF8E11FF6D7CF06591" box="[374,424,226,251]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Iron</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(incl.
<taxonomicName id="3EC23FC0FF9EFFDF8E93FF6D7F3A6591" box="[500,610,226,251]" class="Insecta" family="Heptageniidae" genus="Ironopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="CBB69851FF9EFFDF8E93FF6D7F3A6591" box="[500,610,226,251]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Ironopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F97D4443FF9EFFDF8FAAFE877C2A64B6" blockId="21.[151,1437,152,588]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
A lack of
<taxonomicName id="3EC23FC0FF9EFFDF8E24FE877CFD644B" box="[323,421,264,289]" class="Insecta" family="Heptageniidae" genus="Epeorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="CBB69851FF9EFFDF8E24FE877CFD644B" box="[323,421,264,289]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Epeorus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species (incl.
<taxonomicName id="3EC23FC0FF9EFFDF8D29FE877FEB644B" box="[590,691,264,289]" class="Insecta" family="Heptageniidae" genus="Belovius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="CBB69851FF9EFFDF8D29FE877FEB644B" box="[590,691,264,289]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Belovius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) with regard to
<taxonomicName id="3EC23FC0FF9EFFDF8C14FE877EFD644B" box="[883,933,264,289]" class="Insecta" family="Heptageniidae" genus="Iron" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="CBB69851FF9EFFDF8C14FE877EFD644B" box="[883,933,264,289]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Iron</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is, based on
<bibRefCitation id="9D5339B2FF9EFFDF8B58FE8779B86448" author="Kluge" box="[1087,1248,264,290]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refString="Kluge, N. (2004) The Phylogenetic System of Ephemeroptera. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, Boston, London, 442 pp." type="book" year="2004">Kluge (2004)</bibRefCitation>
, apparent in the high mountain massives of the Caucasus with roughly a REI of 1:9, in Middle Asia of ca 0:12 and in the Himalayas of ca 4:8. In contrast, the REI in South-East Asia including the Greater Sundas distinctly favours species of genus
<taxonomicName id="3EC23FC0FF9EFFDF8E03FEF77C9F64FB" box="[356,455,376,401]" class="Insecta" family="Heptageniidae" genus="Epeorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="CBB69851FF9EFFDF8E03FEF77C9F64FB" box="[356,455,376,401]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Epeorus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with a ratio of 10:2 (
<bibRefCitation id="9D5339B2FF9EFFDF8DA1FEF77E3664F8" author="Braasch" box="[710,878,376,402]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refString="Braasch, D. (1980) Eintagsfliegen (Gattungen Epeorus und Iron) aus Nepal (Ephemeroptera, Heptageniidae). Reichenbachia, 18 (7), 56 - 65." type="journal article" year="1980">Braasch 1980</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="9D5339B2FF9EFFDF8C1CFEF77E9E64F8" author="Braasch" box="[891,966,376,402]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refString="Braasch, D. (1981) Eintagsfliegen (Gattungen Epeorus und Iron) aus Nepal (II) (Ephemeroptera, Heptageniidae). Reichenbachia, 19 (18), 105 - 110." type="journal article" year="1981" yearSuffix="a">1981a</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="9D5339B2FF9EFFDF8CB4FEF7794964F8" author="Braasch" box="[979,1041,376,402]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refString="Braasch, D. (1983) Eintagsfliegen (Gattungen Epeorus und Iron aus Nepal und Indien (Ephemeroptera, Heptageniidae). Reichenbachia, 21, 195 - 196." type="journal article" year="1983">1983</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="9D5339B2FF9EFFDF8B78FEF7790564F8" author="Braasch" box="[1055,1117,376,402]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refString="Braasch, D. (1990) Neue Eintagsfliegen aus Thailand, nebst einigen Bemerkungen zu deren generischem Status (Insecta, Ephemeroptera: Heptageniidae). Reichenbachia, 28 (2), 7 - 14." type="journal article" year="1990">1990</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="9D5339B2FF9EFFDF8B0EFEF779ED64F8" author="Braasch" box="[1129,1205,376,402]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refString="Braasch, D. (2006 a) Neue Eintagsfliegen der Gattungen Epeorus und Iron aus dem Himalaya (Ephemeroptera, Heptageniidae). Entomologische Nachrichten und Berichte, 50 (1 - 2), 9 - 88." type="journal article" year="2006" yearSuffix="a">2006a</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="9D5339B2FF9EFFDF8BA5FEF7784864F8" author="Braasch" box="[1218,1296,376,402]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refString="Braasch, D. (2006 b) Iron suspicatus sp. n. (Ephemeroptera, Heptageniidae) aus Nepal und aus dem Kulu-Valley des Himalaya in Indien. Entomologische Nachrichten und Berichte, 50 (3), 125 - 128." type="journal article" year="2006" yearSuffix="b">2006b</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="9D5339B2FF9EFFDF8A7AFEF77C6A64DD" author="Braasch" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refString="Braasch, D. &amp; Soldan, T. (1979) Neue Heptageniidae aus Asien (Ephemeroptera). Reichenbachia, 17 (31), 261 - 272." type="journal article" year="1979">Braasch &amp; Soldán 1979</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="9D5339B2FF9EFFDF8E59FE127CD364DD" author="Braasch" box="[318,395,413,439]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refString="Braasch, D. &amp; Soldan, T. (1984 a) Eintagsfliegen Gattungen Epeorus und Iron) aus Vietnam (Ephemeroptera, Heptageniidae). In: Landa, V., Soldan, T. &amp; Tonner, M. (Eds), Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference Ephemeroptera. C zechoslovak Academy of Science, C eske Budejovice, pp. 109 - 114." type="book chapter" year="1984" yearSuffix="a">1984a</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="9D5339B2FF9EFFDF8EFFFE127CBF64DD" author="Braasch" box="[408,487,413,439]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refString="Braasch, D. &amp; Soldan, T. (1986 b) Die Heptageniidae des River Gombak in Malaysia (Ephemeroptera). Reichenbachia, 24 (3), 41 - 52." type="journal article" year="1986" yearSuffix="b">1986b</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="9D5339B2FF9EFFDF8E93FE127FDD64DD" author="Kluge" box="[500,645,413,439]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refString="Kluge, N. (2004) The Phylogenetic System of Ephemeroptera. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, Boston, London, 442 pp." type="book" year="2004">Kluge 2004</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="9D5339B2FF9EFFDF8DF5FE127EC764DD" author="Nguyen" box="[658,927,413,439]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refString="Nguyen, V. V. &amp; Bae, Y. J. (2004 a) Larvae of the Heptageniid Mayfly Genus Epeorus (Ephemeroptera: Heptageniidae) from Vietnam. Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology, 7, 19 - 28." type="book chapter" year="2004" yearSuffix="a">Nguyen &amp; Bae 2004a</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="9D5339B2FF9EFFDF8CC3FE127EEC64DD" author="Nguyen" box="[932,948,413,439]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refString="Nguyen, V. V. &amp; Bae, Y. J. (2004 b) Two heptageniid mayflies, Iron martinus Braasch and Soldan and Iron longitibius new species (Ephemeroptera: Heptageniidae), from Vietnam. Korean Journal of Limnology, 37 (1), 102 - 105." type="journal article" year="2004" yearSuffix="b">b</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="9D5339B2FF9EFFDF8CA7FE1279D164DD" author="Sites" box="[960,1161,413,439]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refString="Sites, R. W., Wang, T., Permkam, S. &amp; Hubbard, M. D. (2001) The mayfly genera (Ephemeroptera) of southern Thailand. Natural History Bulletin of the Siam Society, 49, 243 - 268." type="journal article" year="2001">
Sites
<emphasis id="CBB69851FF9EFFDF8B63FE12791964DC" box="[1028,1089,413,438]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">et al.</emphasis>
2001
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="9D5339B2FF9EFFDF8BF1FE12787364DD" author="Ulmer" box="[1174,1323,413,439]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refString="Ulmer, G. (1939) Eintagsfliegen (Ephemeroptera) von den Sunda-Inseln. Archiv fur Hydrobiologie, Supplement, XVI, 443 - 692." type="book chapter" year="1939">Ulmer 1939</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="9D5339B2FF9EFFDF8A50FE127C3D64B6" author="Webb" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refString="Webb, J. M. &amp; McCafferty, W. P. (2008) Heptageniidae of the World Part II: Key to the Genera. Canadian Journal of Arthropod Identification, 7, 1 - 55." type="journal article" year="2008">Webb &amp; McCafferty 2008</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B1D817C8FF9EFFDF8FA1FE687F2762B4" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="F97D4443FF9EFFDF8FA1FE687926674D" blockId="21.[151,1437,152,588]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="CBB69851FF9EFFDF8FA1FE687FE5676B" bold="true" box="[198,701,487,513]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Material examined: premature female</emphasis>
La, North
<collectingCountry id="81D504D3FF9EFFDF8C3FFE677EAB6768" box="[856,1011,488,514]" name="Thailand" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">THAILAND</collectingCountry>
, Chiangmai Prov., region of Doi Inthanon,
<geoCoordinate id="9CF62284FF9EFFDF8E6AFD827C36674D" box="[269,366,525,551]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" precision="925" value="18.516666">18º31'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="9CF62284FF9EFFDF8E1DFD827C8F674D" box="[378,471,525,551]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" precision="925" value="98.48333">98º29'E</geoCoordinate>
, alt. ca
<quantity id="3E3AE9A6FF9EFFDF8D56FD827FD5674D" box="[561,653,525,551]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="m" value="2000.0">2000 m</quantity>
;
<date id="8D7C6283FF9EFFDF8DFEFD827FA3674D" box="[665,763,525,551]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="1999-03">III.1999</date>
, bottom sample, leg. R. Braasch.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F97D4443FF9EFFDF8FA1FDBD7FA06726" blockId="21.[151,1437,152,588]" box="[198,760,562,588]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="CBB69851FF9EFFDF8FA1FDBD7C136726" bold="true" box="[198,331,562,588]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Deposition</emphasis>
:
<emphasis id="CBB69851FF9EFFDF8E3CFDBD7C8F6726" bold="true" box="[347,471,562,588]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">female La</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="CBB69851FF9EFFDF8E8EFDBD7F1C6726" bold="true" box="[489,580,562,588]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<collectionCode id="9FD3DC86FF9EFFDF8E8EFDBD7F1C6726" box="[489,580,562,588]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/zbmn-bynd" name="Kiev Zoological Museum" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">ZMKU</collectionCode>
</emphasis>
, 80% alcohol).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F97D4443FF9EFFDF8FF0F8087F2762B4" blockId="21.[151,1437,1927,2015]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="CBB69851FF9EFFDF8FF0F8087CAB62F5" bold="true" box="[151,499,1927,1951]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<collectionCode id="9FD3DC86FF9EFFDF8FF0F8087DB662F5" box="[151,238,1927,1951]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">PLATE</collectionCode>
XIV. FIGURES 90–98
</emphasis>
. Larva of?
<taxonomicName id="3EC23FC0FF9EFFDF8D1EF808794862F4" authority="Nguyen &amp; Bae, 2004" authorityName="Nguyen &amp; Bae" authorityYear="2004" box="[633,1040,1927,1950]" class="Insecta" family="Heptageniidae" genus="Iron" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longitibius">
<emphasis id="CBB69851FF9EFFDF8D1EF8087E7962F4" box="[633,801,1927,1950]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Iron longitibius</emphasis>
Nguyen &amp; Bae, 2004
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis id="CBB69851FF9EFFDF8B42F808791862F5" bold="true" box="[1061,1088,1927,1951]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">90</emphasis>
, Foreleg, right, dorsal view.
<emphasis id="CBB69851FF9EFFDF8A1DF80878CD62F5" bold="true" box="[1402,1429,1927,1951]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">91</emphasis>
, Foreleg femur, bristles on dorsal face.
<emphasis id="CBB69851FF9EFFDF8D5DF8287F0D62D5" bold="true" box="[570,597,1959,1983]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">92</emphasis>
, Foreleg, tarsal claw.
<emphasis id="CBB69851FF9EFFDF8C22F8287E3862D5" bold="true" box="[837,864,1959,1983]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">93</emphasis>
, Abdominal terga.
<emphasis id="CBB69851FF9EFFDF8B55F828791562D5" bold="true" box="[1074,1101,1959,1983]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">94</emphasis>
, tergum VII, posterior margin.
<emphasis id="CBB69851FF9EFFDF8FF0F8487DEA62B5" bold="true" box="[151,178,1991,2015]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">95</emphasis>
, Gill
<date id="8D7C6283FF9EFFDF8F88F8487C7862B5" box="[239,288,1991,2015]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="1996-01">
I.
<emphasis id="CBB69851FF9EFFDF8E62F8487C7862B5" bold="true" box="[261,288,1991,2015]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">96</emphasis>
</date>
, Gill
<date id="8D7C6283FF9EFFDF8E3AF8487CF862B5" box="[349,416,1991,2015]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="1997-03">
III.
<emphasis id="CBB69851FF9EFFDF8EE2F8487CF862B5" bold="true" box="[389,416,1991,2015]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">97</emphasis>
</date>
, Gill
<date id="8D7C6283FF9EFFDF8EB9F8487F4C62B5" box="[478,532,1991,2015]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="1998-05">
V.
<emphasis id="CBB69851FF9EFFDF8E9DF8487F4C62B5" bold="true" box="[506,532,1991,2015]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">98</emphasis>
</date>
, Gill VII.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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