365 lines
33 KiB
XML
365 lines
33 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.21.4614" ID-PMC="PMC3689116" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-21-17" ID-Pensoft-UUID="A07E5746AD72947FAC49FFF0FFEDDD69" ID-PubMed="23794933" ID-Zenodo-Dep="576164" ModsDocID="1314-2003-21-17" checkinTime="1451251937893" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Nelson, Wendy A." docDate="2013" docId="65016FABCE0556D1A1B234C86B5C66CE" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 21: 17-28" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 21" docPubDate="2013-03-22" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.21.4614" docTitle="Pyropia plicata W. A. Nelson 2013, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" id="A07E5746AD72947FAC49FFF0FFEDDD69" lastPageNumber="23" masterDocId="A07E5746AD72947FAC49FFF0FFEDDD69" masterDocTitle="Pyropia plicata sp. nov. (Bangiales, Rhodophyta): naming a common intertidal alga from New Zealand" masterLastPageNumber="28" masterPageNumber="17" pageNumber="19" updateTime="1668140767658" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Pyropia plicata sp. nov. (Bangiales, Rhodophyta): naming a common intertidal alga from New Zealand</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Nelson, Wendy A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, Private Bag 14 - 901, Wellington 6241, New Zealand & School of Biological Science, University of Auckland, PO Box 92 - 019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2013</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2013-03-22</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>21</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>17</mods:start>
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<mods:end>28</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.21.4614</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.21.4614</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-21-17</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">A07E5746AD72947FAC49FFF0FFEDDD69</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">576164</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="182229145" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:65016FABCE0556D1A1B234C86B5C66CE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/65016FABCE0556D1A1B234C86B5C66CE" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="2" pageNumber="19">
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="19" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="19">
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<taxonomicName LSID="65016FAB-CE05-56D1-A1B2-34C86B5C66CE" authority="W. A. Nelson" authorityName="W. A. Nelson" authorityYear="2013" class="Bangiophyceae" family="Bangiaceae" genus="Pyropia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pyropia plicata" order="Bangiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="19" phylum="Rhodophyta" rank="species" species="plicata" status="sp. nov.">Pyropia plicata W.A.Nelson</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="2" pageNumber="19">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Holotype of Pyropia plicata sp. nov. (WELT A A 032582). Scale bar = 5 cm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10245" pageId="2" pageNumber="19">Figures 1</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5–7" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 5 - 7. 5 Cross section of monostromatic blade showing square sterile cells and spindle-shaped developing carpogonia. (WELT A 032593) 6 Cross section view of mature zygotosporangia. (WELT A 032593) 7 Cross section view of mature spermatangia. (WELT A 032593). Scale bar 5: 50 µm, 6 - 7: 20 µm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10248" pageId="2" pageNumber="19">-7</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="19" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="19">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="19">
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Blades circular to folded rosettes, strongly attached centrally by rhizoidal holdfast. Blades (1.5) 4-12 (42) cm in diameter. Colour purple to grey, bleaching to khaki-green on upper edges. Blades monostromatic, margin irregular bordered by pale cells. Monoecious, fertile regions marginal with intermixed sterile cells; zygotosporangia large, deep red to maroon, lozenge-shaped (a/4-8
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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b/4-8
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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c/4-8), spermatangia golden (a/2, b/2, c/8). Found in the upper to mid intertidal zone on open coasts.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="19" type="holotype">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="19">Holotype.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="19">
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WELT A032582 (
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Holotype of Pyropia plicata sp. nov. (WELT A A 032582). Scale bar = 5 cm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10245" pageId="2" pageNumber="19">Figure 1</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="19" type="type locality">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="19">Type locality.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="19">North Island, Wellington, Island Bay, W. Nelson, 22 Aug 1990.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="19" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="19">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="19">New Zealand - North I., South I., Chatham Is.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="19" type="sequence data">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="19">Sequence data.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="19">
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GenBank - nSSU - AF136426,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="19">rbc</emphasis>
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L - GU046410, voucher specimen = WELT A024408.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="19" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="19">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="19">plicata - folded or pleated.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="22" pageId="2" pageNumber="19" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="19">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="19">
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The blades of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="W. A. Nelson" authorityYear="2013" class="Bangiophyceae" family="Bangiaceae" genus="Pyropia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Bangiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="19" phylum="Rhodophyta" rank="species" species="plicata">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="19">Pyropia plicata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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are deeply folded and when fully extended are seen to have a circular to oval shape. The blades are very variable in size, generally in the range of 4-12 cm in diameter although reproductively mature thalli have been found to range from 1.5 cm through to 42 cm in diameter. The thalli are attached to rock substrata by a centrally located holdfast, made up of rhizoids extending from cells in the lower (central) area of the blade. The thalli are robust and very strongly attached to rock substrata in the upper intertidal zone of rocky open coasts (
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Pyropia plicata exposed at low tide on upper intertidal rocks (ca 5 cm high)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10246" pageId="2" pageNumber="19">Figure 2</figureCitation>
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). Thalli are primarily purple to grey in colour, but they become bleached particularly in summer and autumn and become khaki to yellow-green particularly on the upper edges.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="19">
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Thalli are monostromatic and monoecious. Sterile regions of the blades are ca. 50-55
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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thick and the margin of the blade has a ragged or irregular appearance bordered by several layers of small pale cells (
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3–4" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3 - 4. 3 (left): Vegetative region of the blade showing the margin with small pale cells. (WELT A 032593) 4 (right): Fertile region of the blade with packets of developing zygotosporangia (larger, darker-coloured clusters), single sterile cells (between zygotosporangia) and packets of spermatangia (smaller, paler-coloured clusters) releasing at the blade margin. (WELT A 032593). Scale bar = 50 µm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10247" pageId="2" pageNumber="19">Figure 3</figureCitation>
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). Fertile regions of the blade develop around the margins with sterile cells intermixed with patches of spermatangia and presumed zygotosporangia (
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3–4" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3 - 4. 3 (left): Vegetative region of the blade showing the margin with small pale cells. (WELT A 032593) 4 (right): Fertile region of the blade with packets of developing zygotosporangia (larger, darker-coloured clusters), single sterile cells (between zygotosporangia) and packets of spermatangia (smaller, paler-coloured clusters) releasing at the blade margin. (WELT A 032593). Scale bar = 50 µm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10247" pageId="2" pageNumber="19">Figure 4</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="2" pageNumber="19">
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In the early stages of development spindle-shaped carpogonia form trichogynes on both sides of the blade, in marked contrast to the box-like shape of the neighbouring sterile cells (
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5–7" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 5 - 7. 5 Cross section of monostromatic blade showing square sterile cells and spindle-shaped developing carpogonia. (WELT A 032593) 6 Cross section view of mature zygotosporangia. (WELT A 032593) 7 Cross section view of mature spermatangia. (WELT A 032593). Scale bar 5: 50 µm, 6 - 7: 20 µm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10248" pageId="2" pageNumber="19">Figure 5</figureCitation>
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). Blades increase in thickness to ca. 85-110
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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in zygotosporangial regions (
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5–7" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 5 - 7. 5 Cross section of monostromatic blade showing square sterile cells and spindle-shaped developing carpogonia. (WELT A 032593) 6 Cross section view of mature zygotosporangia. (WELT A 032593) 7 Cross section view of mature spermatangia. (WELT A 032593). Scale bar 5: 50 µm, 6 - 7: 20 µm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10248" pageId="2" pageNumber="19">Figure 6</figureCitation>
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) and ca. 60-70
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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in mature spermatangial regions
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<pageBreakToken pageId="3" pageNumber="20" start="start">(</pageBreakToken>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5–7" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 5 - 7. 5 Cross section of monostromatic blade showing square sterile cells and spindle-shaped developing carpogonia. (WELT A 032593) 6 Cross section view of mature zygotosporangia. (WELT A 032593) 7 Cross section view of mature spermatangia. (WELT A 032593). Scale bar 5: 50 µm, 6 - 7: 20 µm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10248" pageId="3" pageNumber="20">Figure 7</figureCitation>
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). The zygotosporangia when mature are deep red and the packets vary in size, becoming lozenge shaped at maturity with divisions up to a/8, b/8, c/8 (
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5–7" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 5 - 7. 5 Cross section of monostromatic blade showing square sterile cells and spindle-shaped developing carpogonia. (WELT A 032593) 6 Cross section view of mature zygotosporangia. (WELT A 032593) 7 Cross section view of mature spermatangia. (WELT A 032593). Scale bar 5: 50 µm, 6 - 7: 20 µm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10248" pageId="3" pageNumber="20">Figure 6</figureCitation>
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). The spermatangial patches become golden as they develop and when mature are divided into packets ca. a/2, b/2, c/8 (
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5–7" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 5 - 7. 5 Cross section of monostromatic blade showing square sterile cells and spindle-shaped developing carpogonia. (WELT A 032593) 6 Cross section view of mature zygotosporangia. (WELT A 032593) 7 Cross section view of mature spermatangia. (WELT A 032593). Scale bar 5: 50 µm, 6 - 7: 20 µm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10248" pageId="3" pageNumber="20">Figure 7</figureCitation>
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). Spermatia and zygotospores are usually released before reaching the maximum division formulae.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="3" pageNumber="20">
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Typically
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<taxonomicName authorityName="W. A. Nelson" authorityYear="2013" class="Bangiophyceae" family="Bangiaceae" genus="Pyropia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Bangiales" pageId="3" pageNumber="20" phylum="Rhodophyta" rank="species" species="plicata">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="20">Pyropia plicata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is found on the upper intertidal shores of open coasts on rocky substrata. It has not been found growing epiphytically and is uncommon in sheltered areas. The deep pleats and central attachment of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="W. A. Nelson" authorityYear="2013" class="Bangiophyceae" family="Bangiaceae" genus="Pyropia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Bangiales" pageId="3" pageNumber="20" phylum="Rhodophyta" rank="species" species="plicata">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="20">Pyropia plicata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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enable the retention of moisture between the folds in the blade. This morphology would appear
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<pageBreakToken pageId="4" pageNumber="21" start="start">to</pageBreakToken>
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be advantageous in the upper intertidal habitats where it is found, as this species can be out of water for periods of up to eight hours between tidal cycles. The outer part of a clump of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="W. A. Nelson" authorityYear="2013" class="Bangiophyceae" family="Bangiaceae" genus="Pyropia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Bangiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="21" phylum="Rhodophyta" rank="species" species="plicata">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="21">Pyropia plicata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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may be dried with a cellophane-like appearance yet within the folds, parts of the blade remain wet.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="21">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="W. A. Nelson" authorityYear="2013" class="Bangiophyceae" family="Bangiaceae" genus="Pyropia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Bangiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="21" phylum="Rhodophyta" rank="species" species="plicata">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="21">Pyropia plicata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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shows no particular seasonal trends in its distribution, with reproductively mature specimens collected throughout the year. Collections of this species have been made from the northern tip of the North Island, through to areas on the south western and south eastern South Island, as well as on the Chatham Islands. It has not been found on the Three Kings Islands, Stewart Island, or any of the New Zealand subantarctic islands.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="22" pageId="4" pageNumber="21">
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Distinctive features:
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<taxonomicName authorityName="W. A. Nelson" authorityYear="2013" class="Bangiophyceae" family="Bangiaceae" genus="Pyropia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Bangiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="21" phylum="Rhodophyta" rank="species" species="plicata">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="21">Pyropia plicata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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can be distinguished from other New Zealand species of bladed Bangiales by a number of distinctive features. It is the only species of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="J.Agardh" authorityYear="1899" class="Bangiophyceae" family="Bangiaceae" genus="Pyropia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Bangiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="21" phylum="Rhodophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="21">Pyropia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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present on mainland shores with a marked rosette-like growth form. Although the ribbon-like blades of
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<taxonomicName class="Bangiophyceae" family="Bangiaceae" genus="Pyropia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Bangiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="21" phylum="Rhodophyta" rank="species" species="cinnamomea">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="21">Pyropia cinnamomea</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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may become eroded with age, the basal position of the holdfast in this species differs from
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<taxonomicName authorityName="W. A. Nelson" authorityYear="2013" class="Bangiophyceae" family="Bangiaceae" genus="Pyropia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Bangiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="21" phylum="Rhodophyta" rank="species" species="plicata">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="21">Pyropia plicata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. In addition, these two species can
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<pageBreakToken pageId="5" pageNumber="22" start="start">be</pageBreakToken>
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distinguished by colour, and also by the division formulae of zygotosporangia. On intertidal shores
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<taxonomicName authorityName="W. A. Nelson" authorityYear="2013" class="Bangiophyceae" family="Bangiaceae" genus="Pyropia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Bangiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="22" phylum="Rhodophyta" rank="species" species="plicata">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="22">Pyropia plicata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is characteristically found in the high intertidal but below the position occupied by
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<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Maldanidae" genus="Clymene" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" pageId="5" pageNumber="22" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="coleana">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="22">Clymene coleana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(W.A.Nelson) W.A.Nelson from which it can be easily distinguished.
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<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Maldanidae" genus="Clymene" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" pageId="5" pageNumber="22" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="coleana">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="22">Clymene coleana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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has finely divided finger-like lobes rather than the continuous circular to oval deeply pleated blade of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="W. A. Nelson" authorityYear="2013" class="Bangiophyceae" family="Bangiaceae" genus="Pyropia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Bangiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="22" phylum="Rhodophyta" rank="species" species="plicata">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="22">Pyropia plicata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Although both of these species have a predominantly grey colour in winter months, they bleach to different colours in bright light, with
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<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Maldanidae" genus="Clymene" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" pageId="5" pageNumber="22" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="coleana">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="22">Clymene coleana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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becoming golden compared with the khaki colour of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="W. A. Nelson" authorityYear="2013" class="Bangiophyceae" family="Bangiaceae" genus="Pyropia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Bangiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="22" phylum="Rhodophyta" rank="species" species="plicata">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="22">Pyropia plicata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. In addition the zygotosporangia and spermatangia are arranged in separate areas of the blade in
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<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Maldanidae" genus="Clymene" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" pageId="5" pageNumber="22" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="coleana">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="22">Clymene coleana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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rather than being intermixed in
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<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Maldanidae" genus="Clymene" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" pageId="5" pageNumber="22" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="plicata">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="22">Clymene plicata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="5" pageNumber="22" type="selected specimens examined">
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||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="22">Selected specimens examined:</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="5" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="22">New Zealand. North Island.</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="22">North Auckland:</emphasis>
|
||
Far North, east Tapotupotu Bay, 13 Nov 2001, R. Dunmore, WELT A030179 (
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="34" direction="south" minutes="26.1080" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-34.435135">34°26.1080'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="172" direction="east" minutes="43.0050" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="172.71675">172°43.0050'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
); Muriwai Beach, Maori Bay (Maukatia), 04 Apr 2000, W. Nelson, T. Farr & G. Williams, WELT A024784 (
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="36" direction="south" minutes="50.30" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="-36.838333">36°50.30'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="174" direction="east" minutes="25.90" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="174.43167">174°25.90'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="22">Bay of Plenty:</emphasis>
|
||
Tauranga, Mount Maunganui main beach, 05 May 2000, G. Williams & T. Farr, WELT A024775 (
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="37" direction="south" minutes="38.00" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="-37.633335">37°38.00'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="176" direction="east" minutes="11.00" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="176.18333">176°11.00'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
); Maketu, Okurei Point East, 05 May 2000, T. Farr & G. Williams, WELT A024772 (
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="37" direction="south" minutes="44.95" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="-37.74917">37°44.95'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="176" direction="east" minutes="28.37" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="176.47284">176°28.37'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="22">Wellington:</emphasis>
|
||
Wellington City Harbour, Frank Kitts Lagoon reclamation, 12 Feb 2001, W. Nelson & T. Farr, WELT A030170 (
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="41" direction="south" minutes="17.20" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="-41.286667">41°17.20'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="174" direction="east" minutes="46.90" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="174.78166">174°46.90'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
); Lyall Bay,
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="6" pageNumber="23" start="start">5</pageBreakToken>
|
||
Nov 2012, W. Nelson, WELT A032593 (
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="41" direction="south" minutes="21.0" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="-41.35">41°21.0'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="174" direction="east" minutes="48.00" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="174.8">174°48.00'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
; Southern Wairarapa, Ngawihi, 26 Oct 2000, W. Nelson, T. Farr & G. Williams, WELT A024816 (
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="41" direction="south" minutes="36.00" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="-41.6">41°36.00'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="175" direction="east" minutes="14.00" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="175.23334">175°14.00'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="23">Chatham Islands</emphasis>
|
||
. Reef at Owenga wharf, 10 Mar 2001, W. Nelson, J. Broom, W. Jones, T. Farr & M. Clayton, WELT A030169 (
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="44" direction="south" minutes="01.50" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="-44.025">44°01.50'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="176" direction="west" minutes="22" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-176.36667">176°22'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="23">South Island</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="23">Marlborough:</emphasis>
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="D’Urville">D'Urville</normalizedToken>
|
||
Island, Bonne Point, 20 Sep 1999, W. Nelson & G. Williams, WELT A031087 (
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="40" direction="south" minutes="52.00" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="-40.866665">40°52.00'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="173" direction="east" minutes="55.00" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="173.91667">173°55.00'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="23">
|
||
Kaikoura, Ocean View, 18 Oct 1997, W. Nelson, WELT A024408 (
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="42" direction="south" minutes="31" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-42.516666">42°31'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="173" direction="east" minutes="30" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="173.5">173°30'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="23">Westland:</emphasis>
|
||
West coast, Charleston, Constant Bay, 10 Mar 2000, W. Nelson & T. Farr, WELT A024727 (
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="41" direction="south" minutes="54.20" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="-41.90333">41°54.20'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="171" direction="east" minutes="26.00" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="171.43333">171°26.00'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
); Punakaiki, 12 Mar 2000, W. Nelson & T. Farr, WELT A024793 (
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="42" direction="south" minutes="06.70" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="-42.111668">42°06.70'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="171" direction="east" minutes="20.00" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="171.33333">171°20.00'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="23">Canterbury:</emphasis>
|
||
Banks Peninsula, Avon Heathcote estuary, 20 Mar 2000, J. Broom, WELT A023952 (
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="43" direction="south" minutes="33.00" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="-43.55">43°33.00'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="172" direction="east" minutes="44.00" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="172.73334">172°44.00'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
); Christchurch, Sumner, Cave Rock, 20 Mar 2000, J. Broom, WELT A023953, also, 26 Jun 2005, J. Broom & S. Heesch, WELT A023946 (
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="43" direction="south" minutes="33.9370" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-43.565617">43°33.9370'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="172" direction="east" minutes="45.5190" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="172.75865">172°45.5190'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
); Lyttelton Harbour, Corsair Bay, 17 Sep 2001, M. Parsons, W. Jones & K. Neill, WELT A030172 (
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="43" direction="south" minutes="37.00" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="-43.616665">43°37.00'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="172" direction="east" minutes="42.00" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="172.7">172°42.00'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="23">Otago:</emphasis>
|
||
Purakanui, 19 Apr 2000, K. Neill, WELT A023949 (
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="45" direction="south" minutes="45.00" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="-45.75">45°45.00'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="170" direction="east" minutes="38.00" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="170.63333">170°38.00'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
); Dunedin, Brighton, 22 Oct 1999, J. Broom & W. Nelson, WELT A023956 (
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="45" direction="south" minutes="57.05" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="-45.950832">45°57.05'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="170" direction="east" minutes="20.00" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="170.33333">170°20.00'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="23">Southland:</emphasis>
|
||
Catlins, Kaka Point, 28 Apr 2005, S. Heesch & J. Broom, WELT A031597 (
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="46" direction="south" minutes="23.010" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-46.3835">46°23.010'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="169" direction="east" minutes="47.140" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="169.78566">169°47.140'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
); Fiordland, Edwardson Sound, Chalky Inlet, 23 Feb 2000, G. Williams, WELT A024786 (
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="45" direction="south" minutes="55.983" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-45.93305">45°55.983'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="166" direction="east" minutes="38.067" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="166.63445">166°38.067'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10245" pageId="6" pageNumber="23" start="Figure 1" startId="F1">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="23">Figure 1.</emphasis>
|
||
Holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="W. A. Nelson" authorityYear="2013" class="Bangiophyceae" family="Bangiaceae" genus="Pyropia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Bangiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="23" phylum="Rhodophyta" rank="species" species="plicata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="23">Pyropia plicata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. (WELT A A032582). Scale bar = 5 cm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10246" pageId="6" pageNumber="23" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="23">Figure 2.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="W. A. Nelson" authorityYear="2013" class="Bangiophyceae" family="Bangiaceae" genus="Pyropia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Bangiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="23" phylum="Rhodophyta" rank="species" species="plicata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="23">Pyropia plicata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
exposed at low tide on upper intertidal rocks (ca 5 cm high).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10247" pageId="6" pageNumber="23" start="Figure 3–4" startId="F3">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="23">Figure 3-4.</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="23">3</emphasis>
|
||
(left): Vegetative region of the blade showing the margin with small pale cells. (WELT A032593)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="23">4</emphasis>
|
||
(right): Fertile region of the blade with packets of developing zygotosporangia (larger, darker-coloured clusters), single sterile cells (between zygotosporangia) and packets of spermatangia (smaller, paler-coloured clusters) releasing at the blade margin. (WELT A032593). Scale bar = 50
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10248" pageId="6" pageNumber="23" start="Figure 5–7" startId="F4">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="23">Figure 5-7.</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="23">5</emphasis>
|
||
Cross section of monostromatic blade showing square sterile cells and spindle-shaped developing carpogonia. (WELT A032593)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="23">6</emphasis>
|
||
Cross section view of mature zygotosporangia. (WELT A032593)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="23">7</emphasis>
|
||
Cross section view of mature spermatangia. (WELT A032593). Scale bar
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="23">5</emphasis>
|
||
: 50
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="23">6-7</emphasis>
|
||
: 20
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |