treatments-xml/data/48/63/F3/4863F3186C6D73DBC96FD92D0494FE38.xml

<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.53.9890" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e6b7983e-dc70-447a-bb89-c93b74d6f249" ID-GBIF-Taxon="154473354" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2607-53-77" ID-Pensoft-UUID="CB6EB5480F1F2F28FFF91521801EFF8C" ID-ZBK="989B7FE41F5048A784148D0AF4F4C064" ID-Zenodo-Dep="575132" ID-ZooBank="989B7FE41F5048A784148D0AF4F4C064" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:658C175E-8C34-44CA-B9C4-F3E6B07D3290" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2016" ModsDocID="1314-2607-53-77" ModsDocOrigin="Journal of Hymenoptera Research " ModsDocTitle="New Dryocosmus Giraud species associated with Cyclobalanopsis and non-Quercus host plants from the Eastern Palaearctic (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae, Cynipini)" checkinTime="1553125490764" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Tang, Chang-Ti, Miko, Istvan, Nicholls, James A., Schweger, Szabina, Yang, Man-Miao, Stone, Graham N., Sinclair, Frazer, Bozso, Miklos, Melika, George &amp; Penzes, Zsolt" docDate="2016" docId="4863F3186C6D73DBC96FD92D0494FE38" docLanguage="en" docName="JourHymenoptRes 53: 77-162" docOrigin="Journal of Hymenoptera Research 53" docPubDate="2016-12-19" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.53.9890" docTitle="Dryocosmus hualieni Schweger &amp; Tang 2016, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="658C175E-8C34-44CA-B9C4-F3E6B07D3290" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" id="CB6EB5480F1F2F28FFF91521801EFF8C" lastPageId="41" lastPageNumber="118" masterDocId="CB6EB5480F1F2F28FFF91521801EFF8C" masterDocTitle="New Dryocosmus Giraud species associated with Cyclobalanopsis and non- Quercus host plants from the Eastern Palaearctic (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae, Cynipini)" masterLastPageNumber="162" masterPageNumber="77" pageId="35" pageNumber="112" updateTime="1643491172415" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title>New Dryocosmus Giraud species associated with Cyclobalanopsis and non- Quercus host plants from the Eastern Palaearctic (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae, Cynipini)</mods:title>
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<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Tang, Chang-Ti</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Entomology, National Chung Hsing University, 250 Kuo Kuang Rd., Taichung 402, Taiwan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Miko, Istvan</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Pennsylvania State University, Department of Entomology, Frost Entomological Museum, PA, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Nicholls, James A.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Institute of Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh, King's Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH 9 3 JT, Scotland, U. K.</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Schweger, Szabina</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>University of Szeged, Department of Ecology, Koezep fasor 52 Szeged, Hungary</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Yang, Man-Miao</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Entomology, National Chung Hsing University, 250 Kuo Kuang Rd., Taichung 402, Taiwan</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Stone, Graham N.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Institute of Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh, King's Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH 9 3 JT, Scotland, U. K.</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Sinclair, Frazer</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Institute of Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh, King's Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH 9 3 JT, Scotland, U. K.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Bozso, Miklos</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Plant Health and Molecular Biology Laboratory, National Food Chain Safety Office, Directorate of Plant Protection, Soil Conservation and Agri-environment, Budaoersi str. 141 - 145, Budapest 1118, Hungary</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Melika, George</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Plant Health and Molecular Biology Laboratory, National Food Chain Safety Office, Directorate of Plant Protection, Soil Conservation and Agri-environment, Budaoersi str. 141 - 145, Budapest 1118, Hungary</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Penzes, Zsolt</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>University of Szeged, Department of Ecology, Koezep fasor 52 Szeged, Hungary</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title>Journal of Hymenoptera Research</mods:title>
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<mods:date>2016</mods:date>
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<mods:number>2016-12-19</mods:number>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.53.9890</mods:url>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.53.9890</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="154473354" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:658C175E-8C34-44CA-B9C4-F3E6B07D3290" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4863F3186C6D73DBC96FD92D0494FE38" lastPageId="41" lastPageNumber="118" pageId="35" pageNumber="112">
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<paragraph pageId="35" pageNumber="112">
<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/658C175E-8C34-44CA-B9C4-F3E6B07D3290" authority="Schwéger &amp; Tang" authorityName="Schweger &amp; Tang" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Dryocosmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dryocosmus hualieni" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hualieni" status="sp. n.">
Dryocosmus hualieni 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Schwéger">Schweger</normalizedToken>
&amp; Tang
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="35" pageNumber="112">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 77–83" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figures 77 - 83. Dryocosmus hualieni, female, sp. n. 77 - 80 head: 77 frontal view 78 dorsal view 79 posterior view 80 lateral view. 81 antenna 82 mesosoma, dorsal view 83 mesoscutellum, dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.53.9890.figures77-83" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/115553" pageId="35" pageNumber="112">Figures 77-83</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 84–87" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figures 84 - 87. Dryocosmus hualieni, female, sp. n. 84 mesosoma, lateral view 85 pronotum and propleuron, frontal view 86 metascutellum and propodeum, posterior view 87 metasoma, lateral view (tel = transepisternal line)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.53.9890.figures84-87" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/115554" pageId="35" pageNumber="112">, 84-87</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 88–90" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figures 88 - 90. Dryocosmus hualieni sp. n. 88 fore wing, female, part. 89 - 90 galls (photos by C. - T. Tang): 89 gall, general view 90 larval chambers." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.53.9890.figures88-90" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/115555" pageId="35" pageNumber="112">, 88-90</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="36" pageNumber="113" type="type material">
<paragraph pageId="36" pageNumber="113">
<pageBreakToken pageId="36" pageNumber="113" start="start">Type</pageBreakToken>
material.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="36" pageNumber="113">
Holotype female: TAIWAN, Hualien Co., 152K, Central-Cross Island Highway, Xiulin township, ex twig swellings on 
<taxonomicName class="Hexapoda" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quercus glauca" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="113" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="glauca">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="113">Quercus glauca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(spTWs2); 
<geoCoordinate degrees="24.204171" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="24.20417">24.204171N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="121.443636" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="121.443634">121.443636E</geoCoordinate>
, 1162m, gall collected 14.II.2012 (TWT546), adult emerged 1.V.2012, leg. Chang-Ti Tang. 6 female PARATYPES: TAIWAN, Hualien Co., 152K, Central-Cross Island Highway, Xiulin township, ex twig swellings on 
<taxonomicName class="Hexapoda" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quercus glauca" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="113" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="glauca">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="113">Quercus glauca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(spTWs2); 
<geoCoordinate degrees="24.204171" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="24.20417">24.204171N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="121.443636" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="121.443634">121.443636E</geoCoordinate>
, 1162m, gall collected 14.II.2012 (TWT546), adult cut out 28.IX.2012, leg. Chang-Ti Tang.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="36" pageNumber="113">The holotype female, 2 female paratypes are deposited in NMNS, 2 female paratypes in PHMB, 1 female paratype in USNM and 1 female paratype in NCHU.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="36" pageNumber="113" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="36" pageNumber="113">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="36" pageNumber="113">Named after Hualien County, Taiwan where the species was collected.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="36" pageNumber="113" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="36" pageNumber="113">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="36" pageNumber="113">
Asexual females of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schweger &amp; Tang" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Fagaceae" genus="Dryocosmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dryocosmus hualieni" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="113" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hualieni">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="113">Dryocosmus hualieni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
resemble the asexual females of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Tang &amp; Melika" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Fagaceae" genus="Dryocosmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dryocosmus taitungensis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="113" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="taitungensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="113">Dryocosmus taitungensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and the sexual females of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Tang &amp; Melik" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Fagaceae" genus="Dryocosmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dryocosmus konradi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="113" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="konradi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="113">Dryocosmus konradi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. All three species are known from Taiwan only and are associated with 
<taxonomicName class="Hexapoda" family="Fagaceae" genus="Cyclobalanopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyclobalanopsis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="113" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="113">Cyclobalanopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species. 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schweger &amp; Tang" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Fagaceae" genus="Dryocosmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dryocosmus hualieni" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="113" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hualieni">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="113">Dryocosmus hualieni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Tang &amp; Melika" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Fagaceae" genus="Dryocosmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dryocosmus taitungensis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="113" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="taitungensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="113">Dryocosmus taitungensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
induce stem swelling-like galls, while 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Tang &amp; Melik" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Fagaceae" genus="Dryocosmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dryocosmus konradi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="113" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="konradi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="113">Dryocosmus konradi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
induces bud galls.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="36" pageNumber="113">
In 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schweger &amp; Tang" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Fagaceae" genus="Dryocosmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dryocosmus hualieni" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="113" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hualieni">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="113">Dryocosmus hualieni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Tang &amp; Melik" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Fagaceae" genus="Dryocosmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dryocosmus konradi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="113" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="konradi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="113">Dryocosmus konradi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the second metasomal tergite has multiple setae laterally (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 84–87" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figures 84 - 87. Dryocosmus hualieni, female, sp. n. 84 mesosoma, lateral view 85 pronotum and propleuron, frontal view 86 metascutellum and propodeum, posterior view 87 metasoma, lateral view (tel = transepisternal line)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.53.9890.figures84-87" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/115554" pageId="36" pageNumber="113">87</figureCitation>
), while in 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Tang &amp; Melika" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Fagaceae" genus="Dryocosmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dryocosmus taitungensis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="113" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="taitungensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="113">Dryocosmus taitungensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the second metasomal tergite has only few setae laterally (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 169–173" captionStartId="F31" captionText="Figures 169 - 173. Dryocosmus taitungensis sp. n. 169 metascutellum and propodeum, female, posterodorsal view 170 fore wing, female, part 171 metasoma, lateral view 172 - 173 galls (photos by C. - T. Tang)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.53.9890.figures169-173" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/115570" pageId="36" pageNumber="113">171</figureCitation>
). In 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Tang &amp; Melik" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Fagaceae" genus="Dryocosmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dryocosmus konradi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="113" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="konradi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="113">Dryocosmus konradi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: the bottom of scutellar foveae without rugae (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 99–102" captionStartId="F18" captionText="Figures 99 - 102. Dryocosmus konradi, female, sp. n. 99 - 100 mesosoma: 99 lateral view 100 dorsal view 101 metascutellum and propodeum, posterodorsal view 102 fore wing, part (scf = scutellar fovea)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.53.9890.figures99-102" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/115557" pageId="36" pageNumber="113">100</figureCitation>
); the female F1 / F2 = 1; female F1 / pedicel = 2.7; placoid sensilla are present on F1-F12 (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 91–98" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figures 91 - 98. Dryocosmus konradi sp. n. 91 - 93 head, female: 91 frontal view 92 dorsal view 93 posterior view 94 - 96 head, male: 94 frontal view 95 dorsal view 96 posterior view 97 - 98 antenna: 97 female 98 male." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.53.9890.figures91-98" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/115556" pageId="36" pageNumber="113">97</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="36" pageNumber="113">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schweger &amp; Tang" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Fagaceae" genus="Dryocosmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dryocosmus hualieni" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="113" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hualieni">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="113">Dryocosmus hualieni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: the bottom of scutellar foveae with numerous longitudinal rugae (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 77–83" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figures 77 - 83. Dryocosmus hualieni, female, sp. n. 77 - 80 head: 77 frontal view 78 dorsal view 79 posterior view 80 lateral view. 81 antenna 82 mesosoma, dorsal view 83 mesoscutellum, dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.53.9890.figures77-83" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/115553" pageId="36" pageNumber="113">83</figureCitation>
); female F1 / F2&lt;1; the female F1 / pedicel = 1.6; placoid sensilla are present on F2-F12 (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 77–83" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figures 77 - 83. Dryocosmus hualieni, female, sp. n. 77 - 80 head: 77 frontal view 78 dorsal view 79 posterior view 80 lateral view. 81 antenna 82 mesosoma, dorsal view 83 mesoscutellum, dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.53.9890.figures77-83" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/115553" pageId="36" pageNumber="113">81</figureCitation>
); the frons is alutaceous; the acetabular sulcus absent, the speculum is without striae (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 84–87" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figures 84 - 87. Dryocosmus hualieni, female, sp. n. 84 mesosoma, lateral view 85 pronotum and propleuron, frontal view 86 metascutellum and propodeum, posterior view 87 metasoma, lateral view (tel = transepisternal line)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.53.9890.figures84-87" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/115554" pageId="36" pageNumber="113">84</figureCitation>
), the mesoscutellum rounded, anterior part without rugae, glabrous (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 77–83" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figures 77 - 83. Dryocosmus hualieni, female, sp. n. 77 - 80 head: 77 frontal view 78 dorsal view 79 posterior view 80 lateral view. 81 antenna 82 mesosoma, dorsal view 83 mesoscutellum, dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.53.9890.figures77-83" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/115553" pageId="36" pageNumber="113">83</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="984477" doi="10.3897/jhr.53.9890.figures77-83" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/115553" pageId="36" pageNumber="113" start="Figures 77–83" startId="F14">
<paragraph pageId="36" pageNumber="113">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="113">Figures 77-83.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schweger &amp; Tang" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Fagaceae" genus="Dryocosmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dryocosmus hualieni" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="113" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hualieni">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="113">Dryocosmus hualieni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, female, sp. n. 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="113">77-80</emphasis>
head: 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="113">77</emphasis>
frontal view 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="113">78</emphasis>
dorsal view 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="113">79</emphasis>
posterior view 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="113">80</emphasis>
lateral view. 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="113">81</emphasis>
antenna 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="113">82</emphasis>
mesosoma, dorsal view 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="113">83</emphasis>
mesoscutellum, dorsal view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="984479" doi="10.3897/jhr.53.9890.figures84-87" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/115554" pageId="36" pageNumber="113" start="Figures 84–87" startId="F15">
<paragraph pageId="36" pageNumber="113">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="113">Figures 84-87.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schweger &amp; Tang" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Fagaceae" genus="Dryocosmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dryocosmus hualieni" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="113" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hualieni">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="113">Dryocosmus hualieni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, female, sp. n. 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="113">84</emphasis>
mesosoma, lateral view 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="113">85</emphasis>
pronotum and propleuron, frontal view 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="113">86</emphasis>
metascutellum and propodeum, posterior view 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="113">87</emphasis>
metasoma, lateral view (tel=transepisternal line).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="36" pageNumber="113">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Tang &amp; Melika" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Fagaceae" genus="Dryocosmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dryocosmus taitungensis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="113" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="taitungensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="113">Dryocosmus taitungensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: the frons is coriaceous, with numerous transverse striae above toruli; the acetabular carina present; the speculum with striae (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 162–168" captionStartId="F30" captionText="Figures 162 - 168. Dryocosmus taitungensis, female, sp. n. 162 - 164 head: 162 frontal view 163 dorsal view 164 posterior view 165 antenna 166 mesosoma, lateral view 167 mesoscutellum, dorsal view 168 mesoscutum, dorsal view (tel = transepisternal line, spe = speculum)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.53.9890.figures162-168" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/115569" pageId="36" pageNumber="113">166</figureCitation>
); the mesoscutellum trapezoid, uniformly rugose, matt (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 162–168" captionStartId="F30" captionText="Figures 162 - 168. Dryocosmus taitungensis, female, sp. n. 162 - 164 head: 162 frontal view 163 dorsal view 164 posterior view 165 antenna 166 mesosoma, lateral view 167 mesoscutellum, dorsal view 168 mesoscutum, dorsal view (tel = transepisternal line, spe = speculum)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.53.9890.figures162-168" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/115569" pageId="36" pageNumber="113">167</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="41" lastPageNumber="118" pageId="36" pageNumber="113" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="36" pageNumber="113">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="36" pageNumber="113">Asexual female: Head color: black, except lighter clypeus, central part of lower face and area around toruli; mandibles, maxillary and labial palps yellowish; scape and pedicel yellow, flagellomeres progressively darker. Mesosoma and metasoma color: dark brown to black, except for lighter tegula, propleuron, propodeum; legs yellowish.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="38" lastPageNumber="115" pageId="36" pageNumber="113">
Head sculpture: coriaceous. Head shape anterior view: rounded. Head width / head length: 2.10. Head width / head height: 1.30. Head width / maximum mesosoma 
<pageBreakToken pageId="37" pageNumber="114" start="start">width</pageBreakToken>
: &lt;1. Gena sculpture: coriaceous. Gena reflectivity: NOT CODED. Gena length / eye width: 0.50. Gena shape: broadened posterior to eye, visible in frontal view. Malar striae count: present. Malar striae dorsal limit: torulus-eye line on lower face and lower eye margin on malar area. Malar area: alutaceous. Malar sulcus: absent. Eye height / malar distance: 2.77. Inner margins of eyes: converging ventrally. Median ocellus shape: NOT CODED. Lateral ocellus shape: NOT CODED. POL / OOL: 1.05. OOL / diameter of lateral ocellus: 1.80. OOL / LOL: 1.90. Diameter of lateral ocellus / diameter of median ocellus:&gt;1. Transfacial distance / eye height: 1.20. Diameter of torulus / intertorular distance: 1.40. Intertorular distance / eye torulus distance: NOT 
<pageBreakToken pageId="38" pageNumber="115" start="start">CODED</pageBreakToken>
. Eye-torulus distance / diameter of torulus: 1.50. Lower face sculpture: coriaceous. Lower face pilosity color: white. Lower face pilosity density: dense. Clypeus convexity: flat. Clypeus sculpture: smooth. Clypeus ventral margin shape: straight. Clypeus reflectivity: NOT CODED. Clypeus shape anterior view: rectangular. Clypeus pilosity: NOT CODED. Clypeus pilosity density: NOT CODED. Clypeus pilosity color: NOT CODED. Anterior tentorial pit: large, distinct. Epistomal sulcus: distinct. Clypeo-pleurostomal line: distinct. Frons sculpture: alutaceous. Frons pilosity density: NOT CODED. Frons reflectivity: matt. Frons pilosity color: NOT CODED. Impression around central ocellus: present. Interocellar area sculpture: coriaceous. Interocellar area pilosity density: rare. Interocellar area reflectivity: NOT CODED. Interocellar area pilosity color: white. Vertex sculpture: coriaceous. Vertex pilosity density: rare. Vertex reflectivity: NOT CODED. Vertex pilosity color: white. Occiput sculpture: coriaceous. Occiput pilosity density: rare. Occiput reflectivity: NOT CODED. Occiput pilosity color: white. Postocciput sculpture: coriaceous. Postocciput reflectivity: matt. Postocciput pilosity: present. Postocciput pilosity density: rare. Postocciput pilosity color: white. Median impression of postocciput dorsal to occipital foramen: present. Posterior tentorial pit: distinct, ovate, deep. Impression abjacent ventrally to posterior tentorial pit: present. Postgena sculpture: alutaceous with some sub-parallel delicate longitudinal wrinkles. Postgena reflectivity: glossy. Postgena pilosity color: white. Postgena pilosity density: rare. Postgena pilosity count: absent medially, present laterally. Postgenal bridge / height of occipital foramen: &lt;1. Postgenal bridge / length of oral foramen: &lt;1. Postgenal bridge sculpture: NOT CODED. Number of flagellomeres (female): 12. Antenna length / body length: &lt;1. Pedicel length / pedicel width: &lt;1.0. Pedicel length / length of broadened part of scape: NOT CODED. Combined length of scape and pedicel / first flagellomere length: NOT CODED. F1 length / F2 length: 0.75. F1 length / pedicel length: 1.6. F1 length / F3 length: NOT CODED. Flagellomeres relative length: F3&gt;F4&gt;F5&gt;F6&gt;F7&gt;F8&gt;F9&gt;F10&gt;F11. F4-F7 relative length: NOT CODED. F3 length/F2 length: NOT CODED. F3 length / F4 length: NOT CODED. F8 length / F7 length: NOT CODED. F9 length /F8 length: NOT CODED. F10 length / F9 length: NOT CODED. F9-F11 relative length: NOT CODED. F10 length / F11 length: NOT CODED. F12 length / F11 length: 1.6. F13 length / F12 length: NOT CODED. Placoid sensilla present on: F2-F12.
</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="40" lastPageNumber="117" pageId="38" pageNumber="115">
Mesosoma length lateral view / mesosoma height lateral view: 1.16. Pronotum sculpture: alutaceous medially, smooth laterally, with some rugae laterally. Pronotal dorsal row of setae count: present. Transverse pronotal sulcus depth: deep. Transverse pronotal sulcus sculpture: foevolate. Mesoscutum sculpture: smooth. Mesoscutum reflectivity: glossy. Adnotaular setae: present. Mesoscutum length / transscutal line: 1. Notaulus limits: well-impressed, posterior end adjacent to posterior margin of mesoscutum, anterior end adjacent to anterior margin of mesoscutum. Notaulus sculpture: NOT CODED. Notaulus posterior region width / anterior region width: 1.00. Mesoscutal suprahumeral sulcus anterior end vs notaulus anterior end: adjacent. Mesoscutal suprahumeral sulcus sculpture: NOT CODED. Median mesoscutal line: absent. Median mesoscutal line shape: NOT CODED. Parapsidal line: absent. Parapsidal line 
<pageBreakToken pageId="39" pageNumber="116" start="start">distinctness</pageBreakToken>
: NOT CODED. Anteroadmedian line: absent. Antero-admedian line length / mesoscutum median length: NOT CODED. Dorsomedian area of mesoscutellar-axillar complex (disc of mesoscutellum+axillar foveae): smooth anteromedially, rugose posteromedially, foveolate laterally and posteriorly. Dorsomedian area of mesoscutellar-axillar complex (disc of mesoscutellum+axillar foveae) shape: trapezoid. Dorsomedian area of mesoscutellar-axillar complex (disc of mesoscutellum+axillar foveae) pilosity color: white. Dorsomedian area of mesoscutellar-axillar complex (disc of mesoscutellum+axillar foveae) pilosity density: rare. Mesoscutellar axillar complex posterior margin vs metanotum: overhanging. Mesoscutellar-axillar complex length / mesoscutellar disc width:&gt;1. Disc of mesoscutellum sculpture: smooth. Disc of mesoscutellum maximum width: in posterior 1/3. Scutellar fovea sculpture: smooth with longitudinal, parallel rugae. Scutellar fovea shape: semilunar. Scutellar fovea reflectivity: glossy. Foveal septum: narrow. Anterior pits on foveal septum: NOT CODED. 
<pageBreakToken pageId="40" pageNumber="117" start="start">Scutellar</pageBreakToken>
fovea maximum diameter / scutellar fovea minimum diameter: 1.8. Scutellar fovea minimum diameter / foveal septum width: NOT CODED. Postacetabular suclus count: absent. Mesopleuron sculpture: smooth transepisternal line is marked by few delicate sulci, area dorsal to transepisternal line smooth except few short transverse anterior striae. Mesopleuron reflectivity: glossy. Mesopleuron pilosity: glabrous. Speculum sculpture: smooth. Speculum reflectivity: glossy. Mesopleural triangle sculpture: smooth. Mesopleural triangle reflectivity: glossy. Mesopleural triangle pilosity: present. Mesopleural triangle pilosity color: white. Mesopleural trinagle pilosity density: rare. Dorsoaxillar area sculpture: alutaceous with few rugae. Dorsoaxillar area reflectivity: NOT CODED. Dorsoaxillar area pilosity color: NOT CODED. Dorsoaxillar area pilosity density: NOT CODED. Lateroaxillar area sculpture: alutaceous with few rugae. Lateroaxillar area reflectivity: NOT CODED. Lateroaxillar area pilosity density: NOT CODED. Lateroaxillar area pilosity color: NOT CODED. Subaxillular bar sculpture: smooth. Subaxillular bar reflectivity: glossy. Posterior height of subaxillular bar / height of metanotal trough: 1. Metapleural sulcus anterior end: reaches mesometapleural suture in its mid-height.. Metascutellum sculpture: coriaceous. Metanotal trough sculpture: smooth. Metanotal trough reflectivity: glossy. Metanotal trough pilosity: present. Metanotal trough pilosity density: rare. Ventral impressed area of metanotum sculpture: smooth with some striae. Metascutellum height / ventral impressed area of metanotum height: NOT CODED. Central propodeal area sculpture: smooth, with two distinct submedial longitudinal rugae. Central propodeal area reflectivity: glossy. Lateral propodeal carina shape: broad, high, lyre-shaped. Lateral propodeal area sculpture: smooth with irregular rugae. Lateral propodeal area pilosity: present. Lateral propodeal area pilosity color: NOT CODED. Lateral propodeal area pilosity density: NOT CODED. Nucha sculpture: with delicate longitudinal rugae dorsally and laterally. Radial cell length / radial cell width: 5. Rs+M vs basalis: reaches basalis in lower half of its height. Rs+M color: dark brown. Areolet: absent. Marginal cilia: long. Rs distal end vs wing margin: adjacent to wing margin. R1 distal end vs wing margin: adjacent to wing margin. Basal lobe on metatarsal claw: absent. Basal lobe on tarsal claw shape: NOT CODED.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="40" pageNumber="117">Metasoma length / head+mesosoma length: &lt;1. Metasoma lateral height / metasoma lateral length: &lt;1. 2nd metasomal tergite length dorsal view / length of metasoma dorsal view: 1/2. Second metasomal tergite pilosity: present mediolaterally. Second metasomal tergite sculpture: smooth. Second metasomal tergite reflectivity: NOT CODED. Second metasomal tergite pilosity density: rare. Metasomal tergites 3-6 sculpture: smooth, no micropunctures. Metasomal tergites 3-6 reflectivity: glossy. Metasomal tergites 3-6 pilosity: absent. Prominent part of ventral spine of hypopygium length ventral view / Prominent part of ventral spine of hypopygium width ventral view: NOT CODED. Hypopygial setae apical end: extending beyond posterior end of ventral spine of hypopygium.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="40" pageNumber="117">Body length: 2.30-2.50 mm (n=6).</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="41" lastPageNumber="118" pageId="40" pageNumber="117">
Gall (Figs 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 88–90" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figures 88 - 90. Dryocosmus hualieni sp. n. 88 fore wing, female, part. 89 - 90 galls (photos by C. - T. Tang): 89 gall, general view 90 larval chambers." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.53.9890.figures88-90" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/115555" pageId="40" pageNumber="117">89-90</figureCitation>
): The gall is a multilocular stem swelling, similar to the asexual galls of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Tang &amp; Melika" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Fagaceae" genus="Dryocosmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dryocosmus taitungensis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="taitungensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="117">Dryocosmus taitungensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The gall is dehiscent when mature, larval cells drop off 
<pageBreakToken pageId="41" pageNumber="118" start="start">from</pageBreakToken>
the gall (stem swelling) during the winter and they overwinter in the leaf litter. The mature gall is 3.78-5.38 cm in length, and 1.05-1.28 cm in width (n=2). The larval cell is oblong, 4.78-5.68 mm long, and 1.74-2.13 mm wide (n=5).
</paragraph>
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="984481" doi="10.3897/jhr.53.9890.figures88-90" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/115555" pageId="41" pageNumber="118" start="Figures 88–90" startId="F16">
<paragraph pageId="41" pageNumber="118">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="118">Figures 88-90.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schweger &amp; Tang" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Fagaceae" genus="Dryocosmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dryocosmus hualieni" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hualieni">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="118">Dryocosmus hualieni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n. 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="118">88</emphasis>
fore wing, female, part. 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="118">89-90</emphasis>
galls (photos by C.-T. Tang): 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="118">89</emphasis>
gall, general view 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="118">90</emphasis>
larval chambers.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="41" pageNumber="118" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph pageId="41" pageNumber="118">Biology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="41" pageNumber="118">
The gall maturation in late autumn and the emergence of adults in spring, suggests that the asexual generation is described here. The sexual generation remains unknown. The host-plant is 
<taxonomicName class="Hexapoda" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Quercus glauca" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="glauca">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="118">Quercus glauca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="41" pageNumber="118" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="41" pageNumber="118">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="41" pageNumber="118">Taiwan: Hualien County, Xiulin Township.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>