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<document id="05B9FB5149E01982AE12E7E8F7F2FCA9" ID-CLB-Dataset="226120" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5228.4.7" ID-GBIF-Dataset="7e8b23b0-03cf-4224-90ef-2873758f4456" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7540134" ID-ZooBank="2A02E146-7643-4C5C-8A16-D667FF237284" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1673854660369" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Prokofiev, Artem M. &amp; Frable, Benjamin W." docDate="2023" docId="32248794FFABFFD895FE6A80FD8DF8E5" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5228.4.7.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5228 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Photonectes klepadloae Prokofiev &amp; Frable 2021" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="492" masterDocId="CE1DFFECFFAAFFDB95696B4DFF98FF8E" masterDocTitle="New specimens and supplementary descriptions of two rare dragonfishes Photonectes klepadloae and P. litvinovi, with comments on the distribution of P filipendulus (Teleostei: Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae)" masterLastPageNumber="500" masterPageNumber="489" pageNumber="490" updateTime="1699474002163" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="D80ECE510F35394AB9D49841304552BC">New specimens and supplementary descriptions of two rare dragonfishes Photonectes klepadloae and P. litvinovi, with comments on the distribution of P filipendulus (Teleostei: Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="7FB85966DBDB31F3FA4CDFB9CE7EEB44">Prokofiev, Artem M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="9CB8384AF556861635CFE8A811C56516">Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii prospect 33, Moscow 119071, Russia *, and Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Nakhimovsky prospect 36, Moscow 117218, Russia.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="54FA127F1C9A152F81123A9B0CB47E8E" type="email">prokartster@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="6742D6718C7E4E586D6D322E40295F0D">Frable, Benjamin W.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="B825B43A7BADD713362D72F678ACF1EC" type="ORCID">0000-0003-4525-0671</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="6AFE79AFEA5133B7EB50B0053135F3E6">Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093 - 0244, USA. bfrable @ ucsd. edu; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 4525 - 0671</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="5A3E92C0F57025404A7CD901D568E9EB">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="4B7559CF913349F7524068655A38F334">2023</mods:date>
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<treatment id="32248794FFABFFD895FE6A80FD8DF8E5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7540064" ID-GBIF-Taxon="208978061" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7540064" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:32248794FFABFFD895FE6A80FD8DF8E5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/32248794FFABFFD895FE6A80FD8DF8E5" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="492" pageId="1" pageNumber="490">
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<taxonomicName id="7D8D4D01FFABFFDA95FE6A80FD60FE69" authority="Prokofiev &amp; Frable, 2021" authorityName="Prokofiev &amp; Frable" authorityYear="2021" box="[151,760,461,488]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Stomiidae" genus="Photonectes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stomiiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="490" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="klepadloae">
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<emphasis id="88F9EA90FFABFFDA95FE6A80FE2BFE66" bold="true" box="[151,435,461,488]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="490">Photonectes klepadloae</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="DE1C4B73FFABFFDA94D26A80FD60FE69" author="Prokofiev, A. M. &amp; Frable, B. W." box="[443,760,461,487]" pageId="1" pageNumber="490" pagination="720 - 727" refId="ref9374" refString="Prokofiev, A. M. &amp; Frable, B. W. (2021) A new species of Photonectes from the Pacific Ocean off Oahu, Hawaii with a revised identification key for the genus (Teleostei: Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae). Ichthyology &amp; Herpetology, 109 (3), 720 - 727. https: // doi. org / 10.1643 / i 2020148" type="journal article" year="2021">Prokofiev &amp; Frable, 2021</bibRefCitation>
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<paragraph id="BA323682FFABFFDA95FE6ABCFEF9FD85" blockId="1.[151,760,461,523]" box="[151,353,497,523]" pageId="1" pageNumber="490">
<figureCitation id="22B62A07FFABFFDA95FE6ABCFE9BFD85" box="[151,259,497,523]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStart-2="FIGURE 3" captionStart-3="FIGURE 4" captionStartId-0="2.[152,255,1909,1933]" captionStartId-1="3.[152,255,441,465]" captionStartId-2="3.[152,255,1550,1574]" captionStartId-3="4.[152,255,1038,1062]" captionTargetBox-0="[239,1348,181,1885]" captionTargetBox-1="[157,1432,189,409]" captionTargetBox-2="[151,1436,525,1526]" captionTargetBox-3="[201,1388,188,1001]" captionTargetId-0="figure-19@2.[239,1348,181,1885]" captionTargetId-1="figure-17@3.[151,1436,181,417]" captionTargetId-2="figure-35@3.[151,1436,525,1526]" captionTargetId-3="figure-19@4.[193,1394,181,1014]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="3" captionTargetPageId-2="3" captionTargetPageId-3="4" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Photonectes klepadloae, new specimens, habitus and pattern of blue luminous tissue: (A, B) SIO 76-6; (C, D) USNM 258733; (E) USNM 320468. (1) anterior ventrolateral patch of blue tissue; (2) posterior ventrolateral streak of blue tissue; (3) additional ventrolateral patches; (4) paired medioventral lines of blue tissue. Scale bars: (A, B, D, E) 10 mm; (C) 3 mm." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Photonectes klepadloae, schematic of blue-tissue pattern, maximal development." captionText-2="FIGURE 3. Photonectes klepadloae, USNM 320468, mental barbel. (1) bulbous swelling at tip of terminal filament; (2) stalked photophore-like structure on stem. Scale bar: 3 mm." captionText-3="FIGURE 4. Map of distribution of Photonectes klepadloae (squares), P. litvinovi (triangles) and P. filipendulus (circles); holotypes, solid symbols; other specimens, open symbols." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7540136" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7540138" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7540140" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7540142" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7540136/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7540138/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/7540140/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/7540142/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="490">Figs. 1–4</figureCitation>
;
<tableCitation id="F70F0339FFABFFDA94676ABCFEF9FD85" box="[270,353,497,523]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="7.[152,249,474,500]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="TABLE 1. Morphometrics and meristics of the new specimens of Photonectes klepadloae and P. litvinovi." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/EEF2660AFFADFFDC95F16A97FADAFE7B" pageId="1" pageNumber="490" tableUuid="EEF2660AFFADFFDC95F16A97FADAFE7B">Table 1</tableCitation>
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<materialsCitation id="0AE53CDFFFABFFDA95FE6974FF4EFD15" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4015526305" collectingDate="1971-03-18" collectionCode="R, V" county="Oahu" elevation="733" latitude="21.333334" location="central north Pacific Ocean" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-158.33333" municipality="Hawaiian Islands" pageId="1" pageNumber="490" specimenCode="USNM 258739" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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.
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<specimenCode id="EA2B9EF9FFABFFDA947A6974FE5AFDDA" box="[275,450,569,596]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="1" pageNumber="490" type="Museum">USNM 258739</specimenCode>
, male,
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SL,
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,
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<taxonomicName id="7D8D4D01FFABFFDA97496910FD40FDF6" authority="Cruise V" authorityName="Cruise V" box="[544,728,605,632]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Acanthuridae" genus="Teuthis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="490" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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Cruise V
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, station 30, 10-ft opening-closing trawl, 13:52–16:52,
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<emphasis id="88F9EA90FFABFFDA95AE69E8FEF7FD31" bold="true" box="[199,367,677,703]" pageId="1" pageNumber="490">New material.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="0AE53CDFFFABFFDA941F69E8FD0BFD6A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4015526301" collectionCode="SIO" elevation="1200" latitude="30.35" location="central north Pacific Ocean" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="-147.21666" pageId="1" pageNumber="490" specimenCode="SIO 76-6" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCode id="EA2B9EF9FFABFFDA941F69E8FE78FD31" box="[374,480,677,703]" collectionCode="SIO" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14844" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14844" name="Scripps Institution of Oceanography" pageId="1" pageNumber="490" type="University or college">SIO 76-6</specimenCode>
, unsexed,
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SL (
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),
<location id="BF526059FFABFFDA962069E8FBE5FD31" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:32248794FFABFFD895FE6A80FD8DF8E5:BF526059FFABFFDA962069E8FBE5FD31" box="[841,1149,677,703]" latitude="30.35" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="-147.21666" name="central north Pacific Ocean" pageId="1" pageNumber="490">central north Pacific Ocean</location>
, 30°41′00′′–
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, 147°18′00′′–
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wire out
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="0AE53CDFFFABFFDA97C96984FE56FC89" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4015526304" collectingDate="1971-11-09" collectionCode="FCRG" collectorName="S. Imsand" location="Tow" municipality="Isaacs-Kidd" pageId="1" pageNumber="490" specimenCode="FCRG 71-2" specimenCount="1">
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42,
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midwater trawl, 19:00–01:28,
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.
<materialsCitation id="0AE53CDFFFABFFDA94B069A0FBE5FCA5" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4015526309" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="El Pescadero &amp; Expedition" county="Oahu" elevation="630" latitude="21.416945" location="central north Pacific Ocean" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-158.41695" municipality="Hawaiian Islands" pageId="1" pageNumber="490" specimenCode="USNM 258733" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCode id="EA2B9EF9FFABFFDA94B069A0FD10FC86" box="[473,648,749,776]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="1" pageNumber="490" type="Museum">USNM 258733</specimenCode>
, unsexed,
<quantity id="7D759B67FFABFFDA979469A0FCD5FC86" box="[765,845,749,776]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.4" pageId="1" pageNumber="490" unit="mm" value="64.0">64 mm</quantity>
SL (
<figureCitation id="22B62A07FFABFFDA96EB69A0FC43FC89" box="[898,987,749,775]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[152,255,1909,1933]" captionTargetBox="[239,1348,181,1885]" captionTargetId="figure-19@2.[239,1348,181,1885]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Photonectes klepadloae, new specimens, habitus and pattern of blue luminous tissue: (A, B) SIO 76-6; (C, D) USNM 258733; (E) USNM 320468. (1) anterior ventrolateral patch of blue tissue; (2) posterior ventrolateral streak of blue tissue; (3) additional ventrolateral patches; (4) paired medioventral lines of blue tissue. Scale bars: (A, B, D, E) 10 mm; (C) 3 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7540136" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7540136/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="490">Fig. 1D</figureCitation>
),
<location id="BF526059FFABFFDA969869A0FABDFC89" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:32248794FFABFFD895FE6A80FD8DF8E5:BF526059FFABFFDA969869A0FABDFC89" box="[1009,1317,749,775]" county="Oahu" latitude="21.416945" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-158.41695" municipality="Hawaiian Islands" name="central north Pacific Ocean" pageId="1" pageNumber="490">central north Pacific Ocean</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="5A56ACF8FFABFFDA905869A0FF71FCA5" pageId="1" pageNumber="490">Hawaiian Islands</collectingMunicipality>
, off
<collectingCounty id="53534E0EFFABFFDA9474685CFEC4FCA5" box="[285,348,785,811]" pageId="1" pageNumber="490">Oahu</collectingCounty>
,
<geoCoordinate id="DFB95045FFABFFDA9400685EFE61FCA2" box="[361,505,786,814]" degrees="21" direction="north" minutes="25" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="490" precision="15" seconds="01" value="21.416945">21°25′01′′ N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="DFB95045FFABFFDA976C685EFD3FFCA2" box="[517,679,786,814]" degrees="158" direction="west" minutes="25" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="490" precision="15" seconds="01" value="-158.41695">158°25′01′′ W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="7D759B67FFABFFDA97DA685CFCADFCA2" box="[691,821,785,812]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.3" metricValueMax="6.5" metricValueMin="6.1" pageId="1" pageNumber="490" unit="m" value="630.0" valueMax="650.0" valueMin="610.0">
<elevation id="31A0D1B1FFABFFDA97DA685CFCADFCA2" box="[691,821,785,812]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.3" metricValueMax="6.5" metricValueMin="6.1" pageId="1" pageNumber="490" unit="m" value="630.0" valueMax="650.0" valueMin="610.0">610–650 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<collectorName id="17785354FFABFFDA9628685CFC4CFCA5" box="[833,980,785,811]" pageId="1" pageNumber="490">El Pescadero</collectorName>
III
<collectorName id="17785354FFABFFDA9696685CFBE5FCA5" box="[1023,1149,785,811]" pageId="1" pageNumber="490">Expedition</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="0AE53CDFFFABFFDA91E0685CFD61FCC1" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4015526308" collectingDate="1971-02-28" collectionCode="R, V" location="Teritu" municipality="IsaacsKidd" pageId="1" pageNumber="490" specimenCount="1">
<collectionCode id="DC9CAE47FFABFFDA91E0685CFB04FCA5" box="[1161,1180,785,811]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="1" pageNumber="490">R</collectionCode>
/
<collectionCode id="DC9CAE47FFABFFDA91CD685CFB20FCA5" box="[1188,1208,785,811]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="1" pageNumber="490" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
<emphasis id="88F9EA90FFABFFDA91D6685FFA99FCA5" box="[1215,1281,786,811]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="490">
<location id="BF526059FFABFFDA91D6685FFA99FCA5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:32248794FFABFFD895FE6A80FD8DF8E5:BF526059FFABFFDA91D6685FFA99FCA5" box="[1215,1281,786,811]" municipality="IsaacsKidd" name="Teritu" pageId="1" pageNumber="490">Teritu</location>
</emphasis>
, 10-ft
<collectingMunicipality id="5A56ACF8FFABFFDA9027685FFF57FCC1" pageId="1" pageNumber="490">IsaacsKidd</collectingMunicipality>
midwater trawl, 10:56–13:50,
<date id="CE331042FFABFFDA97476878FD61FCC1" box="[558,761,821,847]" pageId="1" pageNumber="490" value="1971-02-28">
<collectingDate id="DE77E9AAFFABFFDA97476878FD61FCC1" box="[558,761,821,847]" pageId="1" pageNumber="490" value="1971-02-28">28 February 1971</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="0AE53CDFFFABFFDA966C687BFC0BFCC1" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4015526303" box="[773,915,821,848]" collectionCode="T" collectorName="Clarke" pageId="1" pageNumber="490" specimenCount="1">
<collectionCode id="DC9CAE47FFABFFDA966C687BFC8FFCDE" box="[773,791,822,848]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="1" pageNumber="490">T</collectionCode>
. A.
<collectorName id="17785354FFABFFDA962C6878FC0BFCC1" box="[837,915,821,847]" pageId="1" pageNumber="490">Clarke</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="0AE53CDFFFABFFDA96F66878FABDFCFD" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4015526306" collectingDate="1955-07-19" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="H. M. Smith" elevation="250" latitude="27.18" location="central north Pacific Ocean" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="-170.9" pageId="1" pageNumber="490" specimenCode="USNM 320468" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCode id="EA2B9EF9FFABFFDA96F66878FBD6FCC1" box="[927,1102,821,847]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="1" pageNumber="490" type="Museum">USNM 320468</specimenCode>
, likely male,
<quantity id="7D759B67FFABFFDA918E6878FAAFFCDE" box="[1255,1335,821,848]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.8" pageId="1" pageNumber="490" unit="mm" value="68.0">68 mm</quantity>
SL (
<figureCitation id="22B62A07FFABFFDA90066878FF20FCFD" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[152,255,1909,1933]" captionTargetBox="[239,1348,181,1885]" captionTargetId="figure-19@2.[239,1348,181,1885]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Photonectes klepadloae, new specimens, habitus and pattern of blue luminous tissue: (A, B) SIO 76-6; (C, D) USNM 258733; (E) USNM 320468. (1) anterior ventrolateral patch of blue tissue; (2) posterior ventrolateral streak of blue tissue; (3) additional ventrolateral patches; (4) paired medioventral lines of blue tissue. Scale bars: (A, B, D, E) 10 mm; (C) 3 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7540136" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7540136/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="490">Fig. 1E</figureCitation>
),
<location id="BF526059FFABFFDA95A76814FD9AFCFD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:32248794FFABFFD895FE6A80FD8DF8E5:BF526059FFABFFDA95A76814FD9AFCFD" box="[206,514,857,883]" latitude="27.18" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="-170.9" name="central north Pacific Ocean" pageId="1" pageNumber="490">central north Pacific Ocean</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="DFB95045FFABFFDA97646816FD05FCFA" box="[525,669,858,886]" degrees="27" direction="north" minutes="10" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="490" precision="15" seconds="48" value="27.18">27°10′48′′ N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="DFB95045FFABFFDA97C16816FCD1FCFA" box="[680,841,858,886]" degrees="170" direction="west" minutes="54" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="490" precision="15" seconds="00" value="-170.9">170°54′00′′ W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="7D759B67FFABFFDA963D6814FC05FCFA" box="[852,925,857,884]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="490" unit="m" value="250.0">
<elevation id="31A0D1B1FFABFFDA963D6814FC05FCFA" box="[852,925,857,884]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="490" unit="m" value="250.0">250 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 19:36,
<date id="CE331042FFABFFDA969F6814FB12FCFA" box="[1014,1162,857,884]" pageId="1" pageNumber="490" value="1955-07-19">
<collectingDate id="DE77E9AAFFABFFDA969F6814FB12FCFA" box="[1014,1162,857,884]" pageId="1" pageNumber="490" value="1955-07-19">19 July 1955</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="17785354FFABFFDA91FC6817FABDFCFD" box="[1173,1317,857,884]" pageId="1" pageNumber="490">H. M. Smith</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F2976509FFABFFDA95AE6830FB6CFB8D" pageId="1" pageNumber="490" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="BA323682FFABFFDA95AE6830FB6CFB8D" blockId="1.[151,1437,569,2036]" pageId="1" pageNumber="490">
<emphasis id="88F9EA90FFABFFDA95AE6830FEDAFC19" bold="true" box="[199,322,893,919]" pageId="1" pageNumber="490">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Species of
<taxonomicName id="7D8D4D01FFABFFDA94A16830FDC9FC19" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1887" box="[456,593,893,919]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Stomiidae" genus="Photonectes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stomiiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="490" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="88F9EA90FFABFFDA94A16830FDC9FC19" box="[456,593,893,919]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="490">Photonectes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, subgenus
<emphasis id="88F9EA90FFABFFDA97B86830FC06FC19" box="[721,926,893,919]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="490">
<taxonomicName id="7D8D4D01FFABFFDA97B86830FCC2FC19" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1887" box="[721,858,893,919]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Stomiidae" genus="Photonectes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stomiiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="490" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">Photonectes</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="93CA57EBFFABFFDA960B6833FC06FC19" box="[866,926,894,919]" pageId="1" pageNumber="490" sensu="stricto">s. str.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(Prokofiev 2019: 393), unique in postorbital organ shifted forward below orbit, blue luminous tissue on body arranged in two widely spaced interrupted lines between IV photophores and streak-like patch on each side above 10
<superScript id="4DF89BCAFFABFFDA96DE6888FC5CFC5D" attach="left" box="[951,964,965,979]" fontSize="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="490">th</superScript>
to 13
<superScript id="4DF89BCAFFABFFDA91606888FB8EFC5D" attach="left" box="[1033,1046,965,979]" fontSize="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="490">th</superScript>
PV photophores (
<figureCitation id="22B62A07FFABFFDA91836888FAA2FC51" box="[1258,1338,965,991]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[152,255,1909,1933]" captionTargetBox="[239,1348,181,1885]" captionTargetId="figure-19@2.[239,1348,181,1885]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Photonectes klepadloae, new specimens, habitus and pattern of blue luminous tissue: (A, B) SIO 76-6; (C, D) USNM 258733; (E) USNM 320468. (1) anterior ventrolateral patch of blue tissue; (2) posterior ventrolateral streak of blue tissue; (3) additional ventrolateral patches; (4) paired medioventral lines of blue tissue. Scale bars: (A, B, D, E) 10 mm; (C) 3 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7540136" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7540136/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="490">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="22B62A07FFABFFDA90226888FAC3FC51" box="[1355,1371,965,991]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[152,255,441,465]" captionTargetBox="[157,1432,189,409]" captionTargetId="figure-17@3.[151,1436,181,417]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Photonectes klepadloae, schematic of blue-tissue pattern, maximal development." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7540138" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7540138/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="490">2</figureCitation>
), and mental barbel with pair of stalked photophore-like structures on distal extremity of its stem (
<figureCitation id="22B62A07FFABFFDA91CB68A4FB7EFB8D" box="[1186,1254,1001,1027]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="3.[152,255,1550,1574]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,525,1526]" captionTargetId="figure-35@3.[151,1436,525,1526]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 3. Photonectes klepadloae, USNM 320468, mental barbel. (1) bulbous swelling at tip of terminal filament; (2) stalked photophore-like structure on stem. Scale bar: 3 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7540140" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7540140/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="490">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F2976509FFABFFDA95AE6F40FC28F809" pageId="1" pageNumber="490" type="description">
<paragraph id="BA323682FFABFFDA95AE6F40FDF6FA01" blockId="1.[151,1437,569,2036]" pageId="1" pageNumber="490">
<emphasis id="88F9EA90FFABFFDA95AE6F40FEC1FBA9" bold="true" box="[199,345,1037,1063]" pageId="1" pageNumber="490">Description.</emphasis>
Measurements, vertebral, and fin element counts are shown in
<tableCitation id="F70F0339FFABFFDA91706F40FBF4FBA9" box="[1049,1132,1037,1063]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="7.[152,249,474,500]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="TABLE 1. Morphometrics and meristics of the new specimens of Photonectes klepadloae and P. litvinovi." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/EEF2660AFFADFFDC95F16A97FADAFE7B" pageId="1" pageNumber="490" tableUuid="EEF2660AFFADFFDC95F16A97FADAFE7B">Table 1</tableCitation>
. Snout moderate, 1.3 times smaller than eye. Dorsal and anal fins opposed, shifted backward; pelvic fins inserted closer to caudal fin than to snout. Medial fins not covered by skin; pelvic and caudal fins broken at tips. Photophores: BR 9, IP 11 (interspaces between posteriormost three IP photophores approximately 1.5 times greater than previous ones), PV 21, IV 32, OV 20 or 21, VAV 13 (3 over anal-fin base), VAL 11 (2 over anal-fin base), AC 12, IC 57. Blue luminous tissue on body arranged as described for
<typeStatus id="65368820FFABFFDA97756F8CFDE6FB55" box="[540,638,1217,1243]" pageId="1" pageNumber="490" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
(
<bibRefCitation id="DE1C4B73FFABFFDA97E46F8CFC31FB55" author="Prokofiev, A. M. &amp; Frable, B. W." box="[653,937,1217,1243]" pageId="1" pageNumber="490" pagination="720 - 727" refId="ref9374" refString="Prokofiev, A. M. &amp; Frable, B. W. (2021) A new species of Photonectes from the Pacific Ocean off Oahu, Hawaii with a revised identification key for the genus (Teleostei: Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae). Ichthyology &amp; Herpetology, 109 (3), 720 - 727. https: // doi. org / 10.1643 / i 2020148" type="journal article" year="2021">Prokofiev &amp; Frable 2021</bibRefCitation>
) (
<figureCitation id="22B62A07FFABFFDA96A86F8CFB97FB55" box="[961,1039,1217,1243]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[152,255,1909,1933]" captionTargetBox="[239,1348,181,1885]" captionTargetId="figure-19@2.[239,1348,181,1885]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Photonectes klepadloae, new specimens, habitus and pattern of blue luminous tissue: (A, B) SIO 76-6; (C, D) USNM 258733; (E) USNM 320468. (1) anterior ventrolateral patch of blue tissue; (2) posterior ventrolateral streak of blue tissue; (3) additional ventrolateral patches; (4) paired medioventral lines of blue tissue. Scale bars: (A, B, D, E) 10 mm; (C) 3 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7540136" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7540136/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="490">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="22B62A07FFABFFDA91746F8CFBB5FB55" box="[1053,1069,1217,1243]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[152,255,441,465]" captionTargetBox="[157,1432,189,409]" captionTargetId="figure-17@3.[151,1436,181,417]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Photonectes klepadloae, schematic of blue-tissue pattern, maximal development." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7540138" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7540138/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="490">2</figureCitation>
), but streak-like patch above PV photophores is slightly longer and situated above 10
<superScript id="4DF89BCAFFABFFDA97BE6FA8FD7CFB7D" attach="left" box="[727,740,1253,1267]" fontSize="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="490">th</superScript>
to 13
<superScript id="4DF89BCAFFABFFDA96486FA8FCB6FB7D" attach="left" box="[801,814,1253,1267]" fontSize="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="490">th</superScript>
photophores in two smallest specimens (
<quantity id="7D759B67FFABFFDA919A6FA8FAF5FA8E" box="[1267,1389,1253,1280]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.6" metricValueMax="6.8" metricValueMin="6.4" pageId="1" pageNumber="490" unit="mm" value="66.0" valueMax="68.0" valueMin="64.0">64–68 mm</quantity>
SL) with two small faint round patches posteriorly also not present in larger specimens (
<figureCitation id="22B62A07FFABFFDA915E6E44FB15FAAD" box="[1079,1165,1289,1315]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[152,255,1909,1933]" captionTargetBox="[239,1348,181,1885]" captionTargetId="figure-19@2.[239,1348,181,1885]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Photonectes klepadloae, new specimens, habitus and pattern of blue luminous tissue: (A, B) SIO 76-6; (C, D) USNM 258733; (E) USNM 320468. (1) anterior ventrolateral patch of blue tissue; (2) posterior ventrolateral streak of blue tissue; (3) additional ventrolateral patches; (4) paired medioventral lines of blue tissue. Scale bars: (A, B, D, E) 10 mm; (C) 3 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7540136" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7540136/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="490">Fig. 1C</figureCitation>
). In specimen SIO 76-6, blue luminous tissue in pectoral area is more developed than in other specimens, forming elongate patch originating above IP-11 and ending midway between PV-2 and PV-3 photophores (
<figureCitation id="22B62A07FFABFFDA96B16E1CFBC1FAE5" box="[984,1113,1361,1387]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[152,255,1909,1933]" captionTargetBox="[239,1348,181,1885]" captionTargetId="figure-19@2.[239,1348,181,1885]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Photonectes klepadloae, new specimens, habitus and pattern of blue luminous tissue: (A, B) SIO 76-6; (C, D) USNM 258733; (E) USNM 320468. (1) anterior ventrolateral patch of blue tissue; (2) posterior ventrolateral streak of blue tissue; (3) additional ventrolateral patches; (4) paired medioventral lines of blue tissue. Scale bars: (A, B, D, E) 10 mm; (C) 3 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7540136" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7540136/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="490">Fig. 1A, B</figureCitation>
). Postorbital organ long, its anterior half situated below eye (
<figureCitation id="22B62A07FFABFFDA97616E38FDF9FA01" box="[520,609,1397,1423]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[152,255,1909,1933]" captionTargetBox="[239,1348,181,1885]" captionTargetId="figure-19@2.[239,1348,181,1885]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Photonectes klepadloae, new specimens, habitus and pattern of blue luminous tissue: (A, B) SIO 76-6; (C, D) USNM 258733; (E) USNM 320468. (1) anterior ventrolateral patch of blue tissue; (2) posterior ventrolateral streak of blue tissue; (3) additional ventrolateral patches; (4) paired medioventral lines of blue tissue. Scale bars: (A, B, D, E) 10 mm; (C) 3 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7540136" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7540136/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="490">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BA323682FFABFFDA95AE6ED7FDEDF979" blockId="1.[151,1437,569,2036]" pageId="1" pageNumber="490">Jaw dentition heterogeneous; premaxillary dentition biserial, with 2 teeth in outer row and 7–8 teeth in inner row; teeth in outer row and first tooth in inner row small and pointed, remaining inner teeth long, of unequal size, with barbed tips. Outer premaxillary teeth opposite bases of second and third teeth of inner row. Maxilla bears 7–8 moderately long, unequal-length teeth with barbed tips, followed by 9–12 smaller, inclined, comb-like teeth with pointed tips. Lower-jaw teeth 26 (SIO 76-6 and USNM 320468) or 23+/26 (USNM 258733), tips of longer teeth barbed. Vomer with 1 or 2 teeth on each side (anterior largest, posterior potentially a replacement), palatine teeth absent. Basibranchial teeth with two tooth patches, anterior patch with two pairs of sharp conical teeth, posterior patch with two or three pairs of teeth. First ceratobranchial with 7 clusters of denticles, from 1–3 each. Gill filaments of first ceratobranchial not reduced, similarly developed along whole length of bone. Posterior process of anguloarticular well-developed.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BA323682FFABFFDA95AE6C4CFC28F809" blockId="1.[151,1437,569,2036]" pageId="1" pageNumber="490">
Barbel 1.2–1.6 times in head, with thick pigmented stem and thin unpigmented terminal filament ending in bulbous swelling (
<figureCitation id="22B62A07FFABFFDA94E26C68FE48F8B1" box="[395,464,1829,1855]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="3.[152,255,1550,1574]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,525,1526]" captionTargetId="figure-35@3.[151,1436,525,1526]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 3. Photonectes klepadloae, USNM 320468, mental barbel. (1) bulbous swelling at tip of terminal filament; (2) stalked photophore-like structure on stem. Scale bar: 3 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7540140" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7540140/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="490">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
) (missing in SIO 76-6). Terminal filament is 1.9–2.3 times longer than stem. Distal extremity of stem unpigmented and possibly luminous, base of luminous tip with internal black pigmentation and pair of stalked photophore-like organs, not as pronounced in SIO 76-6.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F2976509FFABFFD895AE6CDCFBD3F8AC" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="492" pageId="1" pageNumber="490" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="BA323682FFABFFD895AE6CDCFBD3F8AC" blockId="1.[151,1437,569,2036]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1436,1692,1899]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="492" pageId="1" pageNumber="490">
<emphasis id="88F9EA90FFABFFDA95AE6CDCFEA3F825" bold="true" box="[199,315,1937,1963]" pageId="1" pageNumber="490">Remarks.</emphasis>
In all respects, the new specimens are similar or identical to the
<typeStatus id="65368820FFABFFDA91786CDCFBEBF825" box="[1041,1139,1937,1963]" pageId="1" pageNumber="490" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="7D8D4D01FFABFFDA91F06CDFFAB7F825" authorityName="Prokofiev &amp; Frable" authorityYear="2021" box="[1177,1327,1937,1963]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Stomiidae" genus="Photonectes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stomiiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="490" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="klepadloae">
<emphasis id="88F9EA90FFABFFDA91F06CDFFAB7F825" box="[1177,1327,1937,1963]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="490">P. klepadloae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, showing only slight but invaluable differences in some counts, morphometrics, degree of development of the blue luminous tissue, and in barbel structure. The most obvious is the presence of a bulbous swelling at tip of terminal filament in two smaller specimens, which is lacking in the
<typeStatus id="65368820FFA9FFD897C06DD1FC93F938" box="[681,779,1692,1718]" pageId="3" pageNumber="492" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
and SIO 76-6. Most probably, the absence of this swelling is an artifact resulting from damage incurred during the collecting haul, as the tip of the filament looks incomplete in the two larger specimens. The general pattern of distribution of the blue luminous tissue is identical in all specimens, although the size of individual patches is somewhat variable between the specimens.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="EEF2660AFFA8FFD995F16C38FF5EF876" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7540136" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7540136" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7540136/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="491" startId="2.[152,255,1909,1933]" targetBox="[239,1348,181,1885]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="BA323682FFA8FFD995F16C38FF5EF876" blockId="2.[151,1437,1909,2040]" pageId="2" pageNumber="491">
<emphasis id="88F9EA90FFA8FFD995F16C38FE83F803" bold="true" box="[152,283,1909,1933]" pageId="2" pageNumber="491">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="7D8D4D01FFA8FFD9944A6C38FD8EF803" authorityName="Prokofiev &amp; Frable" authorityYear="2021" box="[291,534,1909,1933]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Stomiidae" genus="Photonectes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stomiiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="491" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="klepadloae">
<emphasis id="88F9EA90FFA8FFD9944A6C38FD8EF803" box="[291,534,1909,1933]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="491">Photonectes klepadloae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, new specimens, habitus and pattern of blue luminous tissue: (A, B) SIO 76-6; (C, D) USNM 258733; (E) USNM 320468. (1) anterior ventrolateral patch of blue tissue; (2) posterior ventrolateral streak of blue tissue; (3) additional ventrolateral patches; (4) paired medioventral lines of blue tissue. Scale bars: (A, B, D, E) 10 mm; (C) 3 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="EEF2660AFFA9FFD895F16AF4FBCCFE5F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7540138" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7540138" box="[152,1108,441,465]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7540138/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="492" startId="3.[152,255,441,465]" targetBox="[157,1432,189,409]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="BA323682FFA9FFD895F16AF4FBCCFE5F" blockId="3.[152,1108,441,465]" box="[152,1108,441,465]" pageId="3" pageNumber="492">
<emphasis id="88F9EA90FFA9FFD895F16AF4FE80FE5F" bold="true" box="[152,280,441,465]" pageId="3" pageNumber="492">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="7D8D4D01FFA9FFD894766AF4FD88FE5F" authorityName="Prokofiev &amp; Frable" authorityYear="2021" box="[287,528,441,465]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Stomiidae" genus="Photonectes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stomiiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="492" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="klepadloae">
<emphasis id="88F9EA90FFA9FFD894766AF4FD88FE5F" box="[287,528,441,465]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="492">Photonectes klepadloae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, schematic of blue-tissue pattern, maximal development.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="EEF2660AFFA9FFD895F16D43FD3FF9C4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7540140" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7540140" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7540140/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="492" startId="3.[152,255,1550,1574]" targetBox="[151,1436,525,1526]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="BA323682FFA9FFD895F16D43FD3FF9C4" blockId="3.[151,1436,1550,1610]" pageId="3" pageNumber="492">
<emphasis id="88F9EA90FFA9FFD895F16D43FE8FF9A8" bold="true" box="[152,279,1550,1574]" pageId="3" pageNumber="492">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="7D8D4D01FFA9FFD894756D43FDF9F9A8" authority=", USNM" authorityName="USNM" box="[284,609,1550,1574]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Stomiidae" genus="Photonectes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stomiiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="492" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="klepadloae">
<emphasis id="88F9EA90FFA9FFD894756D43FD94F9A8" box="[284,524,1550,1574]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="492">Photonectes klepadloae</emphasis>
, USNM
</taxonomicName>
320468, mental barbel. (1) bulbous swelling at tip of terminal filament; (2) stalked photophore-like structure on stem. Scale bar: 3 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="F2976509FFA9FFD895AE6C61FD8DF8E5" pageId="3" pageNumber="492" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="BA323682FFA9FFD895AE6C61FD8DF8E5" blockId="3.[151,1436,1692,1899]" pageId="3" pageNumber="492">
<emphasis id="88F9EA90FFA9FFD895AE6C61FEF9F8C8" bold="true" box="[199,353,1836,1862]" pageId="3" pageNumber="492">Distribution.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="7D8D4D01FFA9FFD894006C61FDECF8C8" box="[361,628,1836,1862]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Stomiidae" genus="Photonectes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stomiiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="492" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="klepadloae">
<emphasis id="88F9EA90FFA9FFD894006C61FDECF8C8" box="[361,628,1836,1862]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="492">Photonectes klepadloae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is still only known from the central north Pacific Ocean between 21 to
<geoCoordinate id="DFB95045FFA9FFD895FE6C1CFF41F8E5" box="[151,217,1873,1899]" degrees="30" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="492" precision="55555" value="30.0">30° N</geoCoordinate>
and 147 to
<geoCoordinate id="DFB95045FFA9FFD894376C1CFE2CF8E5" box="[350,436,1873,1899]" degrees="171" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="492" precision="55555" value="-171.0">171° W</geoCoordinate>
(
<figureCitation id="22B62A07FFA9FFD894AA6C1DFD90F8E5" box="[451,520,1872,1899]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="4.[152,255,1038,1062]" captionTargetBox="[201,1388,188,1001]" captionTargetId="figure-19@4.[193,1394,181,1014]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 4. Map of distribution of Photonectes klepadloae (squares), P. litvinovi (triangles) and P. filipendulus (circles); holotypes, solid symbols; other specimens, open symbols." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7540142" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7540142/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="492">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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