1043 lines
123 KiB
XML
1043 lines
123 KiB
XML
<document id="77944D905B68FDA383487681C5CE7056" ID-CLB-Dataset="7869" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.4565200" ID-GBIF-Dataset="be63ad31-1163-496b-adc5-4d3d21288fa5" ID-ISSN="1942-1354" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4565200" ID-ZooBank="A03A123F-CB4E-409D-AF00-C1C6D17091E5" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1614354917590" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Lingafelter, Steven W." docDate="2020" docId="03CB9A08FFF1D1048CE7BAB2FE64FA4D" docLanguage="en" docName="InsectaMundi.2020.0798.1-30.pdf" docOrigin="Insecta Mundi 2020 (798)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:F9976E9B7F8A094D890004515A7A0592.3:InsectaMundi.2020-.journal_article" docStyleId="F9976E9B7F8A094D890004515A7A0592" docStyleName="InsectaMundi.2020-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Anelaphus villosus" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="19" masterDocId="FFF2E270FFE0D1108C27B837FFFBFFF1" masterDocTitle="Review of species of Anelaphus Linsley and its new synonym Gymnopsyra Linsley from the United States and Canada with description of a new species, synonymies, distributional notes and an illustrated identification key (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Elaphidiini)" masterLastPageNumber="30" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="16" updateTime="1698931224484" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-3.0">
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<mods:title id="AD99A8870BA4B22B46F4BF1193557B24">Review of species of Anelaphus Linsley and its new synonym Gymnopsyra Linsley from the United States and Canada with description of a new species, synonymies, distributional notes and an illustrated identification key (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Elaphidiini)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="23C5335B3D89CE692C0D01A126C4EA80">Lingafelter, Steven W.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="5FCE9D96B53346C2C4C0E1EE68D3ABB7">8920 S. Bryerly Ct., Hereford, Arizona, 85615</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="23954FAA9E765E2343C380A016391591">Insecta Mundi</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="1D6780D8FE6BD6EF4E153D91710E1B91">
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<mods:date id="28D9324F9F9A587ECCF74862C1737F3D">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="E7033683D6B809C87F81C68CB0EA4B44">2020-09-25</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="DA42434C67FE8792129D3A3D9B42C255">798</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03CB9A08FFF1D1048CE7BAB2FE64FA4D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4586461" ID-GBIF-Taxon="180298789" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4586461" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CB9A08FFF1D1048CE7BAB2FE64FA4D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CB9A08FFF1D1048CE7BAB2FE64FA4D" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">
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<subSubSection id="C3787895FFF1D1018CE7BAB2FDC6FD53" box="[192,573,645,674]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BDD2B1EFFF1D1018CE7BAB2FDC6FD53" blockId="17.[192,573,645,708]" box="[192,573,645,674]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">
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<heading id="D0959C72FFF1D1018CE7BAB2FDC6FD53" box="[192,573,645,674]" fontSize="12" level="2" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="4C62509DFFF1D1018CE7BAB2FDC6FD53" ID-CoL="DWJN" authority="(Fabricius)" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1792" box="[192,573,645,674]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Anelaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="villosus">
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<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF1D1018CE7BAB2FDC6FD53" bold="true" box="[192,573,645,674]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">
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<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF1D1018CE7BAB2FE51FD53" bold="true" box="[192,426,645,674]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">Anelaphus villosus</emphasis>
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||
(Fabricius)
|
||
</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3787895FFF1D1018CE7BA9EFE63FD35" box="[192,408,681,708]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BDD2B1EFFF1D1018CE7BA9EFE63FD35" blockId="17.[192,573,645,708]" box="[192,408,681,708]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">
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(
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<figureCitation id="1359379BFFF1D1018CEFBA9EFEE3FD32" box="[200,280,681,707]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="5.[192,268,1447,1473]" captionTargetBox="[221,1411,230,1409]" captionTargetId="figure-221@5.[192,1440,210,1419]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 2. Species of Anelaphus occurring in America north of Mexico (photographs are not to scale). a) A. moestus (LeConte). b) A. mutatum (Gahan). c) A. niveivestitus (Schaeffer). d) A. piceus (Chemsak). e) A. pumilus (Newman). f) A. simile (Schaeffer). g) A. spurcus (LeConte). h) A. subdepressum (Schaeffer). i) A. subinermis Linsley. j) A. submoestus Linsley. k) A. villosus (Fabricius)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4565204" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4565204/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">Fig. 2k</figureCitation>
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,
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||
<figureCitation id="1359379BFFF1D1018D05BA9DFED5FD35" box="[290,302,682,708]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="18.[192,268,1383,1409]" captionTargetBox="[232,1417,242,1341]" captionTargetId="figure-235@18.[192,1440,235,1369]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Figure 8. Types of Anelaphus villosus (Fabricius) and its synonyms. a) Stenocorus villosus Fabricius, holotype. b) Stenocorus parallelus Newman, syntype. c) Anelaphus davisi Skiles, holotype." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4565222" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4565222/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">8</figureCitation>
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a-c, 9a-c)
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3787895FFF1D1018CC7BAE4FCD0FAE6" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BDD2B1EFFF1D1018CC7BAE4FD92FD1B" blockId="17.[224,1290,722,1303]" box="[224,617,722,746]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB720C30FFF1D1018CC7BAE4FD92FD1B" box="[224,617,722,746]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">
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<treatmentCitation id="0AC30D0FFFF1D1018CC7BAE4FD9EFD1B" author="Fabricius JC" box="[224,613,722,746]" page="302" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" year="1792">
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<taxonomicName id="4C62509DFFF1D1018CC7BAE4FD9EFD1B" ID-CoL="4ZXKF" authority="Fabricius 1792: 302" authorityName="Fabricius. I" authorityPageNumber="302" authorityYear="1792" box="[224,613,722,746]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Stenocorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="villosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF1D1018CC7BAE4FE61FD1B" box="[224,410,722,746]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">Stenocorus villosus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF356EFFFF1D1018D87BAE5FD9EFD1B" author="Fabricius JC" box="[416,613,722,746]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" refId="ref18990" refString="Fabricius JC. 1792. Entomologia systematica emendata et aucta. Secundum classes, ordines, genera, species adjectis synonimis, locis, observationibus, descriptionibus. Tom. I. Christ. Gottl. Proft; Copenhagen. 538 p." type="book" year="1792">Fabricius 1792: 302</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BDD2B1EFFF1D1018CC7BAC6FB31FCF8" blockId="17.[224,1290,722,1303]" box="[224,1226,753,777]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C62509DFFF1D1018CC7BAC6FD9BFCF8" ID-CoL="PPPY" authority="Olivier 1795" authorityName="Olivier" authorityYear="1795" box="[224,608,753,777]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Callidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulverulentum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF1D1018CC7BAC6FE20FCF8" box="[224,475,753,777]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">Callidium pulverulentum</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF356EFFFF1D1018DC6BAC6FD9BFCF8" author="Olivier GA" box="[481,608,753,777]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" refId="ref20032" refString="Olivier GA. 1795. Entomologie, ou histoire naturelle des insects, avec leurs characters generiques et specifiques, leur description, leur synonymie, et leur figure enluminee. Coleopteres, Tome quartrieme. No. 70 Callidie. Callidium. Imprimerie de Lanneau; Paris. 72 p." type="book" year="1795">Olivier 1795</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
|
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: (70) 69. Synonymy with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62509DFFF1D1018F47BAC5FC1FFCF8" ID-CoL="38Z5X" authorityName="Newman" authorityYear="1840" box="[864,996,753,777]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Elaphidion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parallelum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF1D1018F47BAC5FC1FFCF8" box="[864,996,753,777]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">E. parallelum</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by Gahan (1895: 105).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDD2B1EFFF1D1018CC7BB27FDC7FCD9" blockId="17.[224,1290,722,1303]" box="[224,572,784,808]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB720C30FFF1D1018CC7BB27FDC7FCD9" box="[224,572,784,808]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">
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<treatmentCitation id="0AC30D0FFFF1D1018CC7BB27FDC3FCD9" author="Peck WD" box="[224,568,784,808]" page="307" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" year="1819">
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<taxonomicName id="4C62509DFFF1D1018CC7BB27FDC3FCD9" ID-CoL="6ZM4Q" authority="Peck 1819: 307" authorityName="Peck" authorityPageNumber="307" authorityYear="1819" box="[224,568,784,808]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Stenocorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="putator">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF1D1018CC7BB27FE61FCD9" box="[224,410,784,808]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">Stenocorus putator</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF356EFFFF1D1018D87BB27FDC3FCD9" author="Peck WD" box="[416,568,784,808]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" pagination="307 - 313" refId="ref20084" refString="Peck WD. 1819. Insects which affect the oaks and cherries. The Massachusetts Agricultural Repository and Journal 5 (3): 307 - 313." type="journal article" year="1819">Peck 1819: 307</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
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.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BDD2B1EFFF1D1018CC7BB18FC8CFCB6" blockId="17.[224,1290,722,1303]" box="[224,887,815,839]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB720C30FFF1D1018CC7BB18FC8CFCB6" box="[224,887,815,839]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">
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<treatmentCitation id="0AC30D0FFFF1D1018CC7BB18FD81FCB6" author="Newman E." box="[224,634,815,839]" page="29" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" year="1840">
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<taxonomicName id="4C62509DFFF1D1018CC7BB18FD81FCB6" ID-CoL="38Z5X" authority="Newman 1840: 29" authorityName="Newman" authorityPageNumber="29" authorityYear="1840" box="[224,634,815,839]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Elaphidion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parallelum">
|
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<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF1D1018CC7BB18FE47FCB6" box="[224,444,815,839]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">Elaphidion parallelum</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF356EFFFF1D1018DE5BB07FD81FCB6" author="Newman E." box="[450,634,815,839]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" pagination="1 - 37" refId="ref20016" refString="Newman E. 1840. Entomological notes. The Entomologist 1: 1 - 37." type="journal article" year="1840">Newman 1840: 29</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
|
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</treatmentCitation>
|
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,
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF1D1018EA3BB18FCEDFCB6" bold="true" box="[644,790,815,839]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">
|
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2254A77FFF1D1018EA3BB18FCEDFCB6" box="[644,790,815,839]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">new synonym</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
|
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(
|
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<figureCitation id="1359379BFFF1D1018F05BB18FC90FCB6" box="[802,875,815,839]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="18.[192,268,1383,1409]" captionTargetBox="[232,1417,242,1341]" captionTargetId="figure-235@18.[192,1440,235,1369]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Figure 8. Types of Anelaphus villosus (Fabricius) and its synonyms. a) Stenocorus villosus Fabricius, holotype. b) Stenocorus parallelus Newman, syntype. c) Anelaphus davisi Skiles, holotype." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4565222" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4565222/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">Fig. 8b</figureCitation>
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).
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BDD2B1EFFF1D1018CC7BB79FBB3FC97" blockId="17.[224,1290,722,1303]" box="[224,1096,846,870]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB720C30FFF1D1018CC7BB79FBB3FC97" box="[224,1096,846,870]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">
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<treatmentCitation id="0AC30D0FFFF1D1018CC7BB79FDA3FC97" author="Newman E." box="[224,600,846,870]" page="29" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" year="1840">
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<taxonomicName id="4C62509DFFF1D1018CC7BB79FDA3FC97" ID-CoL="38YQN" authority="Newman 1840: 29" authorityName="Newman" authorityPageNumber="29" authorityYear="1840" box="[224,600,846,870]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Elaphidion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arctum">
|
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<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF1D1018CC7BB79FE62FC97" box="[224,409,846,870]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">Elaphidion arctum</emphasis>
|
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF356EFFFF1D1018DB8BB79FDA3FC97" author="Newman E." box="[415,600,846,870]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" pagination="1 - 37" refId="ref20016" refString="Newman E. 1840. Entomological notes. The Entomologist 1: 1 - 37." type="journal article" year="1840">Newman 1840: 29</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
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. Synonymy with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62509DFFF1D1018F23BB78FC73FC97" ID-CoL="38Z5X" authorityName="Newman" authorityYear="1840" box="[772,904,846,870]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Elaphidion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parallelum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF1D1018F23BB78FC73FC97" box="[772,904,846,870]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">E. parallelum</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AC30D0FFFF1D1018F8BBB79FBBFFC97" author="Horn GH" box="[940,1092,846,870]" page="5" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" year="1885">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF356EFFFF1D1018F8BBB79FBBFFC97" author="Horn GH" box="[940,1092,846,870]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" pagination="5 - 9" refId="ref19210" refString="Horn GH. 1885. Synonymical notes. Entomologica Americana 1 (1): 5 - 9." type="journal article" year="1885">Horn (1885: 5)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDD2B1EFFF1D1018CC7BB5AFAF1FC74" blockId="17.[224,1290,722,1303]" box="[224,1290,877,901]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">
|
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB720C30FFF1D1018CC7BB5AFAF1FC74" box="[224,1290,877,901]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">
|
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<taxonomicName id="4C62509DFFF1D1018CC7BB5AFD19FC74" ID-CoL="38Z6X" authority="Guerin-Meneville 1844: 225" authorityName="Guerin-Meneville" authorityPageNumber="225" authorityYear="1844" box="[224,738,877,901]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Elaphidion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pruinosum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF1D1018CC7BB5AFE45FC74" box="[224,446,877,901]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">Elaphidion pruinosum</emphasis>
|
||
Guérin-Ménéville 1844: 225
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Synonymy with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62509DFFF1D1018FA9BB59FBE9FC74" ID-CoL="38Z5X" authorityName="Newman" authorityYear="1840" box="[910,1042,877,901]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Elaphidion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parallelum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF1D1018FA9BB59FBE9FC74" box="[910,1042,877,901]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">E. parallelum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AC30D0FFFF1D1018811BB5AFAFDFC74" author="LeConte JL" box="[1078,1286,877,901]" page="183" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" year="1873">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF356EFFFF1D1018811BB5AFAFDFC74" author="LeConte JL" box="[1078,1286,877,901]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" pagination="169 - 238" refId="ref19397" refString="LeConte JL. 1873. New species of North American Coleoptera. Prepared for the Smithsonian Institution. Part II. Smithsonian Institution Miscellaneous Collections, 11 (264): 169 - 238." type="journal article" year="1873">LeConte (1873: 183)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDD2B1EFFF1D1018CC7BBBBFD05FC55" blockId="17.[224,1290,722,1303]" box="[224,766,908,932]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB720C30FFF1D1018CC7BBBBFD05FC55" box="[224,766,908,932]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AC30D0FFFF1D1018CC7BBBBFD99FC55" author="LeConte JL" box="[224,610,908,932]" page="14" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" year="1850">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62509DFFF1D1018CC7BBBBFD99FC55" ID-CoL="38Z8F" authority="LeConte 1850: 14" authorityName="LeConte" authorityPageNumber="14" authorityYear="1850" box="[224,610,908,932]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Elaphidion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rusticum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF1D1018CC7BBBBFE50FC55" box="[224,427,908,932]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">Elaphidion rusticum</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF356EFFFF1D1018D97BBBBFD99FC55" author="LeConte JL" box="[432,610,908,932]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" pagination="5 - 38" refId="ref19321" refString="LeConte JL. 1850. An attempt to classify the longicorn Coleoptera of the part of America, north of Mexico. Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia (2) 2: 5 - 38." type="journal article" year="1850">LeConte 1850: 14</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF1D1018E4BBBBBFD05FC55" bold="true" box="[620,766,908,932]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2254A77FFF1D1018E4BBBBBFD05FC55" box="[620,766,908,932]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">new synonym</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDD2B1EFFF1D1018CC7BB9CFB7BFC32" blockId="17.[224,1290,722,1303]" box="[224,1152,939,963]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB720C30FFF1D1018CC7BB9CFB7BFC32" box="[224,1152,939,963]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AC30D0FFFF1D1018CC7BB9CFDA3FC32" author="LeConte JL" box="[224,600,939,963]" page="14" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" year="1850">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62509DFFF1D1018CC7BB9CFDA3FC32" ID-CoL="6DZDX" authority="LeConte 1850: 14" authorityName="LeConte" authorityPageNumber="14" authorityYear="1850" box="[224,600,939,963]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Elaphidion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oblitum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF1D1018CC7BB9CFE64FC32" box="[224,415,939,963]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">Elaphidion oblitum</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF356EFFFF1D1018D82BB9CFDA3FC32" author="LeConte JL" box="[421,600,939,963]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" pagination="5 - 38" refId="ref19321" refString="LeConte JL. 1850. An attempt to classify the longicorn Coleoptera of the part of America, north of Mexico. Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia (2) 2: 5 - 38." type="journal article" year="1850">LeConte 1850: 14</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
. Synonymy with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62509DFFF1D1018F23BB9BFC73FC32" ID-CoL="38Z5X" authorityName="Newman" authorityYear="1840" box="[772,904,939,963]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Elaphidion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parallelum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF1D1018F23BB9BFC73FC32" box="[772,904,939,963]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">E. parallelum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AC30D0FFFF1D1018F8BBB9CFB86FC32" author="LeConte JL" box="[940,1149,939,963]" page="183" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" year="1873">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF356EFFFF1D1018F8BBB9CFB86FC32" author="LeConte JL" box="[940,1149,939,963]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" pagination="169 - 238" refId="ref19397" refString="LeConte JL. 1873. New species of North American Coleoptera. Prepared for the Smithsonian Institution. Part II. Smithsonian Institution Miscellaneous Collections, 11 (264): 169 - 238." type="journal article" year="1873">LeConte (1873: 183)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDD2B1EFFF1D1018CC7BBFDFBA8FC13" blockId="17.[224,1290,722,1303]" box="[224,1107,970,994]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB720C30FFF1D1018CC7BBFDFBA8FC13" box="[224,1107,970,994]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AC30D0FFFF1D1018CC7BBFDFD93FC13" author="Casey TL" box="[224,616,970,994]" page="301" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" year="1912">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62509DFFF1D1018CC7BBFDFD93FC13" ID-CoL="3NQDW" authority="Casey 1912: 301" authorityName="Casey" authorityPageNumber="301" authorityYear="1912" box="[224,616,970,994]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Hypermallus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="abruptus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF1D1018CC7BBFDFE46FC13" box="[224,445,970,994]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">Hypermallus abruptus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF356EFFFF1D1018DE4BBFDFD93FC13" author="Casey TL" box="[451,616,970,994]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" pagination="215 - 376" refId="ref18820" refString="Casey TL. 1912. Studies on the Longicornia of North America. Memoirs on the Coleoptera 3: 215 - 376." type="journal article" year="1912">Casey 1912: 301</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
. Synonymy with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62509DFFF1D1018F32BBFDFC8EFC13" ID-CoL="4ZXKF" authorityName="Fabricius. I" authorityYear="1792" box="[789,885,970,994]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Stenocorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="villosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF1D1018F32BBFDFC8EFC13" box="[789,885,970,994]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">S. villosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AC30D0FFFF1D1018FBEBBFDFBB4FC13" author="Linsley EG" box="[921,1103,970,994]" page="91" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" year="1963">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF356EFFFF1D1018FBEBBFDFBB4FC13" author="Linsley EG" box="[921,1103,970,994]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" pagination="1 - 165" refId="ref19736" refString="Linsley EG. 1963. The Cerambycidae of North America. Part IV. Tribes Elaphidionini through Rhinotragini. University of California Publications in Entomology 21: 1 - 165." type="journal article" year="1963">Linsley (1963: 91)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDD2B1EFFF1D1018CC7BBDEFB90FBF0" blockId="17.[224,1290,722,1303]" box="[224,1131,1001,1025]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB720C30FFF1D1018CC7BBDEFB90FBF0" box="[224,1131,1001,1025]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AC30D0FFFF1D1018CC7BBDEFD7BFBF0" author="Casey TL" box="[224,640,1001,1025]" page="302" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" year="1912">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62509DFFF1D1018CC7BBDEFD7BFBF0" ID-CoL="5J2SJ" authority="Casey 1912: 302" authorityName="Casey" authorityPageNumber="302" authorityYear="1912" box="[224,640,1001,1025]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Hypermallus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scuticularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF1D1018CC7BBDEFE2EFBF0" box="[224,469,1001,1025]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">Hypermallus scuticularis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF356EFFFF1D1018DFCBBDEFD7BFBF0" author="Casey TL" box="[475,640,1001,1025]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" pagination="215 - 376" refId="ref18820" refString="Casey TL. 1912. Studies on the Longicornia of North America. Memoirs on the Coleoptera 3: 215 - 376." type="journal article" year="1912">Casey 1912: 302</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
. Synonymy with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62509DFFF1D1018F0BBBDEFC76FBF0" ID-CoL="4ZXKF" authorityName="Fabricius. I" authorityYear="1792" box="[812,909,1001,1025]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Stenocorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="villosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF1D1018F0BBBDEFC76FBF0" box="[812,909,1001,1025]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">S. villosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AC30D0FFFF1D1018F96BBDEFB9CFBF0" author="Linsley EG" box="[945,1127,1001,1025]" page="91" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" year="1963">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF356EFFFF1D1018F96BBDEFB9CFBF0" author="Linsley EG" box="[945,1127,1001,1025]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" pagination="1 - 165" refId="ref19736" refString="Linsley EG. 1963. The Cerambycidae of North America. Part IV. Tribes Elaphidionini through Rhinotragini. University of California Publications in Entomology 21: 1 - 165." type="journal article" year="1963">Linsley (1963: 91)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDD2B1EFFF1D1018CC7BC3FFBB5FBD1" blockId="17.[224,1290,722,1303]" box="[224,1102,1032,1056]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB720C30FFF1D1018CC7BC3FFBB5FBD1" box="[224,1102,1032,1056]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AC30D0FFFF1D1018CC7BC3FFD98FBD1" author="Casey TL" box="[224,611,1032,1056]" page="302" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" year="1912">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62509DFFF1D1018CC7BC3FFD98FBD1" ID-CoL="3NQFQ" authority="Casey 1912: 302" authorityName="Casey" authorityPageNumber="302" authorityYear="1912" box="[224,611,1032,1056]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Hypermallus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lacustris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF1D1018CC7BC3FFE43FBD1" box="[224,440,1032,1056]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">Hypermallus lacustris</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF356EFFFF1D1018D99BC3FFD98FBD1" author="Casey TL" box="[446,611,1032,1056]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" pagination="215 - 376" refId="ref18820" refString="Casey TL. 1912. Studies on the Longicornia of North America. Memoirs on the Coleoptera 3: 215 - 376." type="journal article" year="1912">Casey 1912: 302</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
. Synonymy with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62509DFFF1D1018F28BC3FFC8BFBD1" ID-CoL="4ZXKF" authorityName="Fabricius. I" authorityYear="1792" box="[783,880,1032,1056]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Stenocorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="villosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF1D1018F28BC3FFC8BFBD1" box="[783,880,1032,1056]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">S. villosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AC30D0FFFF1D1018FB4BC3FFBB1FBD1" author="Linsley EG" box="[915,1098,1032,1056]" page="91" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" year="1963">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF356EFFFF1D1018FB4BC3FFBB1FBD1" author="Linsley EG" box="[915,1098,1032,1056]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" pagination="1 - 165" refId="ref19736" refString="Linsley EG. 1963. The Cerambycidae of North America. Part IV. Tribes Elaphidionini through Rhinotragini. University of California Publications in Entomology 21: 1 - 165." type="journal article" year="1963">Linsley (1963: 91)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDD2B1EFFF1D1018CC7BC10FB89FBCE" blockId="17.[224,1290,722,1303]" box="[224,1138,1062,1087]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB720C30FFF1D1018CC7BC10FB89FBCE" box="[224,1138,1062,1087]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AC30D0FFFF1D1018CC7BC10FD98FBCE" author="Casey TL" box="[224,611,1063,1087]" page="302" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" year="1912">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62509DFFF1D1018CC7BC10FD98FBCE" ID-CoL="3NQG6" authority="Casey 1912: 302" authorityName="Casey" authorityPageNumber="302" authorityYear="1912" box="[224,611,1063,1087]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Hypermallus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="medialis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF1D1018CC7BC10FE43FBCE" box="[224,440,1063,1087]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">Hypermallus medialis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF356EFFFF1D1018D99BC10FD98FBCE" author="Casey TL" box="[446,611,1063,1087]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" pagination="215 - 376" refId="ref18820" refString="Casey TL. 1912. Studies on the Longicornia of North America. Memoirs on the Coleoptera 3: 215 - 376." type="journal article" year="1912">Casey 1912: 302</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
. Synonymy with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62509DFFF1D1018F28BC10FC68FBCE" ID-CoL="38Z5X" authorityName="Newman" authorityYear="1840" box="[783,915,1063,1087]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Elaphidion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parallelum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF1D1018F28BC10FC68FBCE" box="[783,915,1063,1087]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">E. parallelum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AC30D0FFFF1D1018F90BC10FB95FBCE" author="Linsley EG" box="[951,1134,1062,1087]" page="92" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" year="1963">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF356EFFFF1D1018F90BC10FB95FBCE" author="Linsley EG" box="[951,1134,1062,1087]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" pagination="1 - 165" refId="ref19736" refString="Linsley EG. 1963. The Cerambycidae of North America. Part IV. Tribes Elaphidionini through Rhinotragini. University of California Publications in Entomology 21: 1 - 165." type="journal article" year="1963">Linsley (1963: 92)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDD2B1EFFF1D1018CC7BC72FB18FBAF" blockId="17.[224,1290,722,1303]" box="[224,1251,1093,1118]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB720C30FFF1D1018CC7BC72FB18FBAF" box="[224,1251,1093,1118]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AC30D0FFFF1D1018CC7BC72FD2FFBAF" author="Casey TL" box="[224,724,1093,1118]" page="303" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" year="1912">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62509DFFF1D1018CC7BC72FD2FFBAF" ID-CoL="5J2SF" authority="Casey 1912: 303" authorityName="Casey" authorityPageNumber="303" authorityYear="1912" box="[224,724,1093,1118]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Hypermallus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="medialis" subSpecies="canadensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF1D1018CC7BC72FDD2FBAC" box="[224,553,1093,1117]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">Hypermallus medialis canadensis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF356EFFFF1D1018E08BC71FD2FFBAF" author="Casey TL" box="[559,724,1094,1118]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" pagination="215 - 376" refId="ref18820" refString="Casey TL. 1912. Studies on the Longicornia of North America. Memoirs on the Coleoptera 3: 215 - 376." type="journal article" year="1912">Casey 1912: 303</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
. Synonymy with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62509DFFF1D1018FA7BC71FBFFFBAC" ID-CoL="38Z5X" authorityName="Newman" authorityYear="1840" box="[896,1028,1093,1117]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Elaphidion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parallelum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF1D1018FA7BC71FBFFFBAC" box="[896,1028,1093,1117]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">E. parallelum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AC30D0FFFF1D101880FBC72FB24FBAF" author="Linsley EG" box="[1064,1247,1093,1118]" page="92" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" year="1963">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF356EFFFF1D101880FBC72FB24FBAF" author="Linsley EG" box="[1064,1247,1093,1118]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" pagination="1 - 165" refId="ref19736" refString="Linsley EG. 1963. The Cerambycidae of North America. Part IV. Tribes Elaphidionini through Rhinotragini. University of California Publications in Entomology 21: 1 - 165." type="journal article" year="1963">Linsley (1963: 92)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDD2B1EFFF1D1018CC7BC53FB27FB8C" blockId="17.[224,1290,722,1303]" box="[224,1244,1124,1149]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB720C30FFF1D1018CC7BC53FB27FB8C" box="[224,1244,1124,1149]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AC30D0FFFF1D1018CC7BC53FD36FB8C" author="Casey TL" box="[224,717,1124,1149]" page="303" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" year="1912">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62509DFFF1D1018CC7BC53FD36FB8C" ID-CoL="5J2SG" authority="Casey 1912: 303" authorityName="Casey" authorityPageNumber="303" authorityYear="1912" box="[224,717,1124,1149]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Hypermallus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="medialis" subSpecies="densicollis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF1D1018CC7BC53FDD9FB8D" box="[224,546,1124,1148]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">Hypermallus medialis densicollis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF356EFFFF1D1018E0FBC52FD36FB8C" author="Casey TL" box="[552,717,1125,1149]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" pagination="215 - 376" refId="ref18820" refString="Casey TL. 1912. Studies on the Longicornia of North America. Memoirs on the Coleoptera 3: 215 - 376." type="journal article" year="1912">Casey 1912: 303</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
. Synonymy with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62509DFFF1D1018F5EBC52FC06FB8D" ID-CoL="38Z5X" authorityName="Newman" authorityYear="1840" box="[889,1021,1124,1148]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Elaphidion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parallelum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF1D1018F5EBC52FC06FB8D" box="[889,1021,1124,1148]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">E. parallelum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AC30D0FFFF1D1018806BC53FB23FB8C" author="Linsley EG" box="[1057,1240,1124,1149]" page="92" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" year="1963">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF356EFFFF1D1018806BC53FB23FB8C" author="Linsley EG" box="[1057,1240,1124,1149]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" pagination="1 - 165" refId="ref19736" refString="Linsley EG. 1963. The Cerambycidae of North America. Part IV. Tribes Elaphidionini through Rhinotragini. University of California Publications in Entomology 21: 1 - 165." type="journal article" year="1963">Linsley (1963: 92)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDD2B1EFFF1D1018CC7BCB4FB95FB6D" blockId="17.[224,1290,722,1303]" box="[224,1134,1155,1180]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB720C30FFF1D1018CC7BCB4FB95FB6D" box="[224,1134,1155,1180]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AC30D0FFFF1D1018CC7BCB4FDA4FB6D" author="Casey TL" box="[224,607,1155,1180]" page="303" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" year="1912">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62509DFFF1D1018CC7BCB4FDA4FB6D" ID-CoL="6N2HV" authority="Casey 1912: 303" authorityName="Casey" authorityPageNumber="303" authorityYear="1912" box="[224,607,1155,1180]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Hypermallus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="defectus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF1D1018CC7BCB4FE4FFB6A" box="[224,436,1155,1179]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">Hypermallus defectus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF356EFFFF1D1018D9DBCB3FDA4FB6D" author="Casey TL" box="[442,607,1156,1180]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" pagination="215 - 376" refId="ref18820" refString="Casey TL. 1912. Studies on the Longicornia of North America. Memoirs on the Coleoptera 3: 215 - 376." type="journal article" year="1912">Casey 1912: 303</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
. Synonymy with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62509DFFF1D1018F2CBCB3FC74FB6A" ID-CoL="38Z5X" authorityName="Newman" authorityYear="1840" box="[779,911,1155,1179]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Elaphidion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parallelum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF1D1018F2CBCB3FC74FB6A" box="[779,911,1155,1179]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">E. parallelum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AC30D0FFFF1D1018F94BCB4FB91FB6D" author="Linsley EG" box="[947,1130,1155,1180]" page="92" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" year="1963">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF356EFFFF1D1018F94BCB4FB91FB6D" author="Linsley EG" box="[947,1130,1155,1180]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" pagination="1 - 165" refId="ref19736" refString="Linsley EG. 1963. The Cerambycidae of North America. Part IV. Tribes Elaphidionini through Rhinotragini. University of California Publications in Entomology 21: 1 - 165." type="journal article" year="1963">Linsley (1963: 92)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDD2B1EFFF1D1018CC7BC95FB7FFB4B" blockId="17.[224,1290,722,1303]" box="[224,1156,1186,1210]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB720C30FFF1D1018CC7BC95FB7FFB4B" box="[224,1156,1186,1210]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AC30D0FFFF1D1018CC7BC95FD8DFB4B" author="Casey TL" box="[224,630,1186,1210]" page="304" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" year="1912">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62509DFFF1D1018CC7BC95FD8DFB4B" ID-CoL="3NQGH" authority="Casey 1912: 304" authorityName="Casey" authorityPageNumber="304" authorityYear="1912" box="[224,630,1186,1210]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Hypermallus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="molliculus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF1D1018CC7BC95FE30FB4B" box="[224,459,1186,1210]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">Hypermallus molliculus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF356EFFFF1D1018DF7BC95FD8DFB4B" author="Casey TL" box="[464,630,1186,1210]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" pagination="215 - 376" refId="ref18820" refString="Casey TL. 1912. Studies on the Longicornia of North America. Memoirs on the Coleoptera 3: 215 - 376." type="journal article" year="1912">Casey 1912: 304</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
. Synonymy with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62509DFFF1D1018F05BC94FC5DFB4B" ID-CoL="38Z5X" authorityName="Newman" authorityYear="1840" box="[802,934,1186,1210]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Elaphidion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parallelum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF1D1018F05BC94FC5DFB4B" box="[802,934,1186,1210]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">E. parallelum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AC30D0FFFF1D1018FEDBC95FB7AFB4B" author="Linsley EG" box="[970,1153,1186,1210]" page="92" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" year="1963">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF356EFFFF1D1018FEDBC95FB7AFB4B" author="Linsley EG" box="[970,1153,1186,1210]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" pagination="1 - 165" refId="ref19736" refString="Linsley EG. 1963. The Cerambycidae of North America. Part IV. Tribes Elaphidionini through Rhinotragini. University of California Publications in Entomology 21: 1 - 165." type="journal article" year="1963">Linsley (1963: 92)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDD2B1EFFF1D1018CC7BCF6FB8DFB28" blockId="17.[224,1290,722,1303]" box="[224,1142,1217,1241]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB720C30FFF1D1018CC7BCF6FB8DFB28" box="[224,1142,1217,1241]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AC30D0FFFF1D1018CC7BCF6FD70FB28" author="Casey TL" box="[224,651,1217,1241]" page="364" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" year="1914">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62509DFFF1D1018CC7BCF6FD70FB28" ID-CoL="6N2GT" authority="Casey 1914: 364" authorityName="Casey" authorityPageNumber="364" authorityYear="1914" box="[224,651,1217,1241]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Hypermallus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="breviusculus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF1D1018CC7BCF6FE1BFB28" box="[224,480,1217,1241]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">Hypermallus breviusculus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF356EFFFF1D1018DC1BCF6FD70FB28" author="Casey TL" box="[486,651,1217,1241]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" pagination="355 - 378" refId="ref18843" refString="Casey TL. 1914. Miscellaneous notes and new species. Memoirs on the Coleoptera 5: 355 - 378." type="journal article" year="1914">Casey 1914: 364</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
. Synonymy with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62509DFFF1D1018F10BCF5FC63FB28" ID-CoL="4ZXKF" authorityName="Fabricius. I" authorityYear="1792" box="[823,920,1217,1241]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Stenocorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="villosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF1D1018F10BCF5FC63FB28" box="[823,920,1217,1241]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">S. villosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AC30D0FFFF1D1018F9CBCF6FB89FB28" author="Linsley EG" box="[955,1138,1217,1241]" page="91" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" year="1963">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF356EFFFF1D1018F9CBCF6FB89FB28" author="Linsley EG" box="[955,1138,1217,1241]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" pagination="1 - 165" refId="ref19736" refString="Linsley EG. 1963. The Cerambycidae of North America. Part IV. Tribes Elaphidionini through Rhinotragini. University of California Publications in Entomology 21: 1 - 165." type="journal article" year="1963">Linsley (1963: 91)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDD2B1EFFF1D1018CC7BCD7FBB5FB09" blockId="17.[224,1290,722,1303]" box="[224,1102,1248,1272]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB720C30FFF1D1018CC7BCD7FBB5FB09" box="[224,1102,1248,1272]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AC30D0FFFF1D1018CC7BCD7FD98FB09" author="Casey TL" box="[224,611,1248,1272]" page="364" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" year="1914">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62509DFFF1D1018CC7BCD7FD98FB09" ID-CoL="3NQGB" authority="Casey 1914: 364" authorityName="Casey" authorityPageNumber="364" authorityYear="1914" box="[224,611,1248,1272]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Hypermallus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="militaris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF1D1018CC7BCD7FE43FB09" box="[224,440,1248,1272]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">Hypermallus militaris</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF356EFFFF1D1018D99BCD7FD98FB09" author="Casey TL" box="[446,611,1248,1272]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" pagination="355 - 378" refId="ref18843" refString="Casey TL. 1914. Miscellaneous notes and new species. Memoirs on the Coleoptera 5: 355 - 378." type="journal article" year="1914">Casey 1914: 364</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
. Synonymy with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62509DFFF1D1018F37BCD6FC8BFB09" ID-CoL="4ZXKF" authorityName="Fabricius. I" authorityYear="1792" box="[784,880,1248,1272]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Stenocorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="villosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF1D1018F37BCD6FC8BFB09" box="[784,880,1248,1272]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">S. villosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AC30D0FFFF1D1018FB3BCD7FBB1FB09" author="Linsley EG" box="[916,1098,1248,1272]" page="91" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" year="1963">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF356EFFFF1D1018FB3BCD7FBB1FB09" author="Linsley EG" box="[916,1098,1248,1272]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" pagination="1 - 165" refId="ref19736" refString="Linsley EG. 1963. The Cerambycidae of North America. Part IV. Tribes Elaphidionini through Rhinotragini. University of California Publications in Entomology 21: 1 - 165." type="journal article" year="1963">Linsley (1963: 91)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDD2B1EFFF1D1018CC7BCC8FCD0FAE6" blockId="17.[224,1290,722,1303]" box="[224,811,1279,1303]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB720C30FFF1D1018CC7BCC8FCD0FAE6" box="[224,811,1279,1303]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AC30D0FFFF1D1018CC7BCC8FDCBFAE6" author="Skiles DD" box="[224,560,1279,1303]" page="308" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" year="1985">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62509DFFF1D1018CC7BCC8FDCBFAE6" ID-CoL="DWFX" authority="Skiles 1985: 308" authorityName="Skiles" authorityPageNumber="308" authorityYear="1985" box="[224,560,1279,1303]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Anelaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="davisi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF1D1018CC7BCC8FE73FAE6" box="[224,392,1279,1303]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">Anelaphus davisi</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF356EFFFF1D1018DA9BCC8FDCBFAE6" author="Skiles DD" box="[398,560,1279,1303]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" pagination="305 - 320" refId="ref20274" refString="Skiles DD. 1985. New genera and species of elaphidionine Cerambycidae (Coleoptera) from North America and the West Indies. The Coleopterists Bulletin 39 (4): 305 - 320." type="journal article" year="1985">Skiles 1985: 308</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF1D1018E1DBCC8FD37FAE6" bold="true" box="[570,716,1279,1303]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2254A77FFF1D1018E1DBCC8FD37FAE6" box="[570,716,1279,1303]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">new synonym</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="1359379BFFF1D1018EFFBCC8FCE4FAE6" box="[728,799,1279,1303]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="18.[192,268,1383,1409]" captionTargetBox="[232,1417,242,1341]" captionTargetId="figure-235@18.[192,1440,235,1369]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Figure 8. Types of Anelaphus villosus (Fabricius) and its synonyms. a) Stenocorus villosus Fabricius, holotype. b) Stenocorus parallelus Newman, syntype. c) Anelaphus davisi Skiles, holotype." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4565222" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4565222/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">Fig. 8c</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3787895FFF1D1048CE7BD10FC0FFB93" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDD2B1EFFF1D1018CE7BD10FDAEF966" blockId="17.[191,1441,1319,1927]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF1D1018CE7BD10FEBCFAB0" bold="true" box="[192,327,1319,1345]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">Discussion.</emphasis>
|
||
The complex of elongate, parallel-sided hardwood twig borers including, originally,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62509DFFF1D1018925BD10FE8EFA94" authority="(Fabricius)" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1792" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Anelaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="villosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF1D1018925BD10FF0EFA95" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">Anelaphus villosus</emphasis>
|
||
(Fabricius)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62509DFFF1D1018D8ABD7DFD43FA95" authority="(Newman)" baseAuthorityName="Newman" baseAuthorityYear="1840" box="[429,696,1354,1380]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Anelaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parallelus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF1D1018D8ABD7DFDCDFA95" box="[429,566,1354,1380]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">A. parallelus</emphasis>
|
||
(Newman)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and later,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62509DFFF1D1018F17BD7DFC22FA95" authority="Skiles" authorityName="Skiles" authorityYear="1985" box="[816,985,1354,1380]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Anelaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="davisi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF1D1018F17BD7DFC6AFA95" box="[816,913,1354,1380]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">A. davisi</emphasis>
|
||
Skiles
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, has been a constant source of confusion because there are no morphological features that consistently allow for discrimation among these taxa. Fabricius’s (1792) original description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62509DFFF1D1018E37BDB9FD9AFA59" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1792" box="[528,609,1422,1448]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Anelaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="villosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF1D1018E37BDB9FD9AFA59" box="[528,609,1422,1448]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">villosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(based on a single specimen from “Carolina”) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1359379BFFF1D1018856BDB9FB45FA59" box="[1137,1214,1422,1448]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="18.[192,268,1383,1409]" captionTargetBox="[232,1417,242,1341]" captionTargetId="figure-235@18.[192,1440,235,1369]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Figure 8. Types of Anelaphus villosus (Fabricius) and its synonyms. a) Stenocorus villosus Fabricius, holotype. b) Stenocorus parallelus Newman, syntype. c) Anelaphus davisi Skiles, holotype." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4565222" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4565222/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">Fig. 8a</figureCitation>
|
||
) defined the species as follows: “
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF1D1018D63BD87FC4FFA3B" box="[324,948,1456,1482]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">
|
||
thorace mutico, obscurus cinereo
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62509DFFF1D1018E8CBD87FD07FA3B" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1792" box="[683,764,1456,1482]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Anelaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="villosus">villosus</taxonomicName>
|
||
elytris bidentatis
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.” Of note is that he described the elytral apices as bidentate.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF356EFFFF1D1018D50BDE4FDA9FA1D" author="Newman E." box="[375,594,1490,1517]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" pagination="1 - 37" refId="ref20016" refString="Newman E. 1840. Entomological notes. The Entomologist 1: 1 - 37." type="journal article" year="1840">Newman (1840: 28)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
redescribed
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62509DFFF1D1018EF8BDE5FCCBFA1D" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1792" box="[735,816,1490,1516]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Anelaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="villosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF1D1018EF8BDE5FCCBFA1D" box="[735,816,1490,1516]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">villosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62509DFFF1D1018F75BDE5FC31FA1D" authorityName="Audinet-Serville" authorityYear="1835" box="[850,970,1490,1516]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Elaphidion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF1D1018F75BDE5FC31FA1D" box="[850,970,1490,1516]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">Elaphidion</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, based on a specimen from St. John’s Bluff,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A6E5FCFFF1D1018C98BDC3FEEBF9FF" box="[191,272,1524,1550]" country="United States of America" name="Florida" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">Florida</collectingRegion>
|
||
(note that this is also the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D995BCFFF1D1018E1DBDC2FD91F9FE" box="[570,618,1525,1551]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality of another synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62509DFFF1D1018FFFBDC2FB9AF9FF" baseAuthorityName="Newman" baseAuthorityYear="1840" box="[984,1121,1524,1551]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Anelaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parallelus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF1D1018FFFBDC2FB9AF9FF" box="[984,1121,1524,1551]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">A. parallelus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62509DFFF1D1018857BDC2FAB4F9FE" authority="Newman" authorityName="Newman" authorityYear="1840" box="[1136,1359,1525,1551]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Elaphidion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arctum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF1D1018857BDC2FB1BF9FF" box="[1136,1248,1525,1551]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">A. arctum</emphasis>
|
||
Newman
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which was synonymized by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF356EFFFF1D1018D89BE20FDBDF9C0" author="Horn GH" box="[430,582,1558,1585]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" pagination="5 - 9" refId="ref19210" refString="Horn GH. 1885. Synonymical notes. Entomologica Americana 1 (1): 5 - 9." type="journal article" year="1885">Horn (1885))</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, and described the elytral apices as “
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF1D1018FFDBE20FAD1F9C1" box="[986,1322,1558,1584]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">truncata, utroque angulo spina</emphasis>
|
||
”, meaning truncate with both angles spinose. Immediately following the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62509DFFF1D1018F56BE0DFC25F9A2" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1792" box="[881,990,1593,1619]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Anelaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="villosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF1D1018F56BE0DFC25F9A2" box="[881,990,1593,1619]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">E. villosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
account, Newman described
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62509DFFF1D101890FBE0EFECDF984" authorityName="Newman" authorityYear="1840" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Elaphidion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parallelum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF1D101890FBE0EFECDF984" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">Elaphidion parallelum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="1359379BFFF1D1018D64BE6CFE69F987" box="[323,402,1627,1654]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="18.[192,268,1383,1409]" captionTargetBox="[232,1417,242,1341]" captionTargetId="figure-235@18.[192,1440,235,1369]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Figure 8. Types of Anelaphus villosus (Fabricius) and its synonyms. a) Stenocorus villosus Fabricius, holotype. b) Stenocorus parallelus Newman, syntype. c) Anelaphus davisi Skiles, holotype." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4565222" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4565222/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">Fig. 8b</figureCitation>
|
||
), noting the elongate form, parallel elytra, and truncate elytral apices. He had specimens from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3756B8EFFF1D1018C98BE49FEBFF966" box="[191,324,1661,1688]" name="United States of America" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">east Florida</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A6E5FCFFF1D1018D68BE4AFE50F966" box="[335,427,1661,1687]" country="United States of America" name="Georgia" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">Georgia</collectingRegion>
|
||
, and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A6E5FCFFF1D1018DC2BE4AFDAAF966" box="[485,593,1661,1687]" country="United States of America" name="Delaware" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">Delaware</collectingRegion>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDD2B1EFFF1D1018D27BEA8FB03F8B3" blockId="17.[191,1441,1319,1927]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF356EFFFF1D1018D27BEA8FE74F94B" author="Skiles DD" box="[256,399,1695,1722]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" pagination="305 - 320" refId="ref20274" refString="Skiles DD. 1985. New genera and species of elaphidionine Cerambycidae (Coleoptera) from North America and the West Indies. The Coleopterists Bulletin 39 (4): 305 - 320." type="journal article" year="1985">Skiles (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
was the most recent worker who attempted to discriminate among the adults of this complex. He stated that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62509DFFF1D1018D42BEF5FE14F92A" baseAuthorityName="Newman" baseAuthorityYear="1840" box="[357,495,1729,1756]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Anelaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parallelus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF1D1018D42BEF5FE14F92A" box="[357,495,1729,1756]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">A. parallelus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
“is often confused with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62509DFFF1D1018F25BEF5FC89F92A" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1792" box="[770,882,1729,1756]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Anelaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="villosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF1D1018F25BEF5FC89F92A" box="[770,882,1729,1756]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">A. villosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but is readily separated by its more slender form (elytra over three times as long as broad in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62509DFFF1D1018E84BED4FCF7F90C" baseAuthorityName="Newman" baseAuthorityYear="1840" box="[675,780,1763,1789]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Anelaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parallelus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF1D1018E84BED4FCF7F90C" box="[675,780,1763,1789]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">parallelus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, no more than three times as long as broad in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62509DFFF1D1018932BED4FA9EF90C" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1792" box="[1301,1381,1763,1789]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Anelaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="villosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF1D1018932BED4FA9EF90C" box="[1301,1381,1763,1789]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">villosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and the third antennal segment, which is subequal to the fourth in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62509DFFF1D1018F59BF31FC1CF8D1" baseAuthorityName="Newman" baseAuthorityYear="1840" box="[894,999,1798,1824]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Anelaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parallelus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF1D1018F59BF31FC1CF8D1" box="[894,999,1798,1824]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">parallelus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but distinctly longer than the fourth in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62509DFFF1D1018CE7BF1FFEEBF8B3" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1792" box="[192,272,1832,1858]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Anelaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="villosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF1D1018CE7BF1FFEEBF8B3" box="[192,272,1832,1858]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">villosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.” This was a slight expansion of the characters used by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF356EFFFF1D1018F53BF1FFBE8F8B2" author="Linsley EG" box="[884,1043,1832,1859]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" pagination="1 - 165" refId="ref19736" refString="Linsley EG. 1963. The Cerambycidae of North America. Part IV. Tribes Elaphidionini through Rhinotragini. University of California Publications in Entomology 21: 1 - 165." type="journal article" year="1963">Linsley (1963)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF356EFFFF1D101886DBF1FFB08F8B3" author="Gosling DCL" box="[1098,1267,1832,1858]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" pagination="1 - 10" refId="ref19085" refString="Gosling DCL. 1978. Observations on the biology of the oak twig pruner, Elaphidionoides parallelus, (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) in Michigan. The Great Lakes Entomologist 11 (1): 1 - 10." type="journal article" year="1978">Gosling (1978)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDD2B1EFFF1D1028D27BF7DFA5BF988" blockId="17.[191,1441,1319,1927]" lastBlockId="18.[191,1442,1496,1927]" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="17" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF356EFFFF1D1018D27BF7DFE6BF894" author="Skiles DD" box="[256,400,1866,1893]" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" pagination="305 - 320" refId="ref20274" refString="Skiles DD. 1985. New genera and species of elaphidionine Cerambycidae (Coleoptera) from North America and the West Indies. The Coleopterists Bulletin 39 (4): 305 - 320." type="journal article" year="1985">Skiles (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
added to the complex two additional species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62509DFFF1D1018FB2BF7DFC0DF895" authorityName="Skiles" authorityYear="1985" box="[917,1014,1866,1892]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Anelaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="davisi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF1D1018FB2BF7DFC0DF895" box="[917,1014,1866,1892]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">A. davisi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="1359379BFFF1D1018823BF7DFBAAF895" box="[1028,1105,1866,1892]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="18.[192,268,1383,1409]" captionTargetBox="[232,1417,242,1341]" captionTargetId="figure-235@18.[192,1440,235,1369]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Figure 8. Types of Anelaphus villosus (Fabricius) and its synonyms. a) Stenocorus villosus Fabricius, holotype. b) Stenocorus parallelus Newman, syntype. c) Anelaphus davisi Skiles, holotype." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4565222" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4565222/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">Fig. 8c</figureCitation>
|
||
) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62509DFFF1D10188B5BF7DFB00F895" box="[1170,1275,1866,1892]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Anelaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="belkini">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF1D10188B5BF7DFB00F895" box="[1170,1275,1866,1892]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">A. belkini</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="1359379BFFF1D101892EBF7DFAADF895" box="[1289,1366,1866,1892]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="4.[192,268,1483,1509]" captionTargetBox="[239,1408,231,1440]" captionTargetId="figure-123@4.[192,1440,210,1444]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 1. Species of Anelaphus occurring in America north of Mexico (photographs are not to scale). a) A. albofasciatus (Linell). b) A. aspera (Knull). c) A. belkini Skiles. d) A. brevidens (Schaeffer). e) A. brummermannae Lingafelter. f) A. cinereus (Olivier). g) A. debilis (LeConte). h) A. dentatus Chemsak. i) A. inermis (Newman). j) A. inflaticollis Chemsak. k) A. magnipunctatus (Knull)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4565202" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4565202/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">Fig. 1c</figureCitation>
|
||
), both from the Davis Mountains in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A6E5FCFFF1D1018E3BBF5AFDA6F876" box="[540,605,1901,1927]" country="United States of America" name="Texas" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">Texas</collectingRegion>
|
||
. Skiles described
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62509DFFF1D1018F0DBF5BFC75F877" authorityName="Skiles" authorityYear="1985" box="[810,910,1900,1926]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Anelaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="davisi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF1D1018F0DBF5BFC75F877" box="[810,910,1900,1926]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="16">A. davisi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as having the third and fourth antennomeres subequal and said, “from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62509DFFF2D1028DF1BDEEFDA5FA03" baseAuthorityName="Newman" baseAuthorityYear="1840" box="[470,606,1496,1523]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Anelaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parallelus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF2D1028DF1BDEEFDA5FA03" box="[470,606,1496,1523]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">A. parallelus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which it most closely resembles,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62509DFFF2D1028FE8BDEEFBD4FA03" authorityName="Skiles" authorityYear="1985" box="[975,1071,1496,1523]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Anelaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="davisi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF2D1028FE8BDEEFBD4FA03" box="[975,1071,1496,1523]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">A. davisi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be distinguished by the more robust form and antennae, the more coarsely punctate metasternum, abdomen, and legs, the reduced antennal spines, and by the emarginate, rather than bispinose elytral apices.” He later conceded that “some of the central
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A6E5FCFFF2D1028CE6BE09FF04F9A9" box="[193,255,1598,1624]" country="United States of America" name="Texas" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">Texas</collectingRegion>
|
||
specimens [of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62509DFFF2D1028D87BE09FDD3F9A6" baseAuthorityName="Newman" baseAuthorityYear="1840" box="[416,552,1597,1624]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Anelaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parallelus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF2D1028D87BE09FDD3F9A6" box="[416,552,1597,1624]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">A. parallelus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
] exhibit reduced elytral spines and a rather coarsely punctate abdomen. It is thus possible that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62509DFFF2D1028D75BE68FE49F988" authorityName="Skiles" authorityYear="1985" box="[338,434,1631,1657]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Anelaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="davisi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF2D1028D75BE68FE49F988" box="[338,434,1631,1657]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">A. davisi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
represents an isolated population which is only subspecifically distinct from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62509DFFF2D102892EBE68FA69F988" baseAuthorityName="Newman" baseAuthorityYear="1840" box="[1289,1426,1631,1657]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Anelaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parallelus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF2D102892EBE68FA69F988" box="[1289,1426,1631,1657]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">A. parallelus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.”
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF1D7B96FFF2D1028CE7BD50FBEFFA52" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4565222" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4565222" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4565222/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" startId="18.[192,268,1383,1409]" targetBox="[232,1417,242,1341]" targetPageId="18">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDD2B1EFFF2D1028CE7BD50FBEFFA52" blockId="18.[192,1440,1383,1444]" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF2D1028CE7BD50FED3FA73" bold="true" box="[192,296,1383,1410]" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">Figure 8.</emphasis>
|
||
Types of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62509DFFF2D1028DB4BD5FFD26FA72" authority="(Fabricius)" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1792" box="[403,733,1384,1411]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Anelaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="villosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF2D1028DB4BD5FFDA5FA73" box="[403,606,1384,1410]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">Anelaphus villosus</emphasis>
|
||
(Fabricius)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and its synonyms.
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF2D1028F94BD50FC31FA70" bold="true" box="[947,970,1383,1409]" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">a)</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62509DFFF2D1028FF6BD5FFAF5FA73" authority="Fabricius" authorityName="Fabricius. I" authorityYear="1792" box="[977,1294,1384,1410]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Stenocorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="villosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF2D1028FF6BD5FFB64FA73" box="[977,1183,1384,1410]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">Stenocorus villosus</emphasis>
|
||
Fabricius
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, holotype.
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF2D10289A0BD50FA5BFA70" bold="true" box="[1415,1440,1383,1409]" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">b)</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62509DFFF2D1028CE7BDBDFDEEFA55" authority="Newman" authorityName="Newman" box="[192,533,1417,1444]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Stenocorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parallelus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF2D1028CE7BDBDFE5DFA52" box="[192,422,1417,1444]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">Stenocorus parallelus</emphasis>
|
||
Newman
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, syntype.
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF2D1028EA5BDBEFD6CFA52" bold="true" box="[642,663,1417,1443]" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">c)</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62509DFFF2D1028EB9BDBEFC5BFA52" authority="Skiles" authorityName="Skiles" authorityYear="1985" box="[670,928,1417,1443]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Anelaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="davisi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF2D1028EB9BDBEFCA3FA52" box="[670,856,1417,1443]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">Anelaphus davisi</emphasis>
|
||
Skiles
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, holotype.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDD2B1EFFF2D1028D27BEB7FC20F8D0" blockId="18.[191,1442,1496,1927]" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF356EFFFF2D1028D27BEB7FDACF96A" author="Lingafelter SW & Horner NV" box="[256,599,1664,1691]" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" pagination="159 - 191" refId="ref19537" refString="Lingafelter SW, Horner NV. 1993. The Cerambycidae of north-central Texas. The Coleopterists Bulletin 47 (2): 159 - 191." type="journal article" year="1993">Lingafelter and Horner (1993)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
found intergradation in north
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A6E5FCFFF2D1028F9EBEB6FC0CF96A" box="[953,1015,1665,1691]" country="United States of America" name="Texas" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">Texas</collectingRegion>
|
||
for specimens identified as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62509DFFF2D102891FBEB7FA59F96B" box="[1336,1442,1664,1690]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Stenocorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parallelus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF2D102891FBEB7FA59F96B" box="[1336,1442,1664,1690]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">parallelus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62509DFFF2D1028CD6BE95FEB9F94D" authorityName="Fabricius. I" authorityYear="1792" box="[241,322,1698,1724]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Stenocorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="villosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF2D1028CD6BE95FEB9F94D" box="[241,322,1698,1724]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">villosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and treated these under the same species account in their faunal study. In particular, measurements were made of the elytral width to length ratio and it was found that distinctions made by Skiles were not clear. They stated, “There is either intergradation in NCT [north central
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A6E5FCFFF2D1028F95BED2FC0FF8F1" box="[946,1012,1765,1792]" country="United States of America" name="Texas" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">Texas</collectingRegion>
|
||
] between the two species or the given distinction is not valid, perhaps only representing individual variation.”
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDD2B1EFFF2D1038D27BF1FFE10F9A7" blockId="18.[191,1442,1496,1927]" lastBlockId="19.[192,1440,1461,1927]" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF356EFFFF2D1028D27BF1FFE54F8B2" author="Gosling DCL" box="[256,431,1832,1859]" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" pagination="1 - 10" refId="ref19085" refString="Gosling DCL. 1978. Observations on the biology of the oak twig pruner, Elaphidionoides parallelus, (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) in Michigan. The Great Lakes Entomologist 11 (1): 1 - 10." type="journal article" year="1978">Gosling’s (1978</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF356EFFFF2D1028D9ABF1EFE0FF8B2" author="Gosling DCL" box="[445,500,1833,1859]" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" pagination="179 - 180" refId="ref19124" refString="Gosling DCL. 1981. Correct identity of the oak twig pruner (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae). The Great Lakes Entomologist 14 (4): 179 - 180." type="journal article" year="1981">1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) works (also summarized in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF356EFFFF2D1028F61BF1FFC17F8B2" author="Solomon JD" box="[838,1004,1832,1859]" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" refId="ref20374" refString="Solomon JD. 1995. Guide to insect borers of North American broadleaf trees and shrubs. Agricultural Handbook No. 706. United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service; Washington, DC. 735 p." type="book" year="1995">Solomon 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) showed biological differences among what he called
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62509DFFF2D1028D4ABF7DFE1BF895" authorityName="Fabricius. I" authorityYear="1792" box="[365,480,1866,1892]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Stenocorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="villosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF2D1028D4ABF7DFE1BF895" box="[365,480,1866,1892]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">A. villosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(larvae of which bore into recently dead oaks and other hardwoods, and do not girdle them) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62509DFFF2D1028D4BBF5BFE0CF877" box="[364,503,1900,1926]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Stenocorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parallelus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF2D1028D4BBF5BFE0CF877" box="[364,503,1900,1926]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">A. parallelus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(larvae of which girdle living twigs of oaks, preferentially, but will also use other hardwoods). While Gosling did show two distinct biologies in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A6E5FCFFF3D1038FACBD82FC03FA3E" box="[907,1016,1461,1487]" country="United States of America" name="Michigan" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">Michigan</collectingRegion>
|
||
, he did not assess whether these biological distinctions are maintained throughout the range of these taxa that occur throughout the eastern half of the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3756B8EFFF3D1038CCCBDCFFE84F9E3" box="[235,383,1528,1554]" name="United States of America" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">United States</collectingCountry>
|
||
into west
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A6E5FCFFF3D1038DD5BDCEFDC8F9E2" box="[498,563,1529,1555]" country="United States of America" name="Texas" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">Texas</collectingRegion>
|
||
. On this point, some of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D995BCFFF3D1038F4CBDCEFC60F9E2" box="[875,923,1529,1555]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">type</typeStatus>
|
||
specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62509DFFF3D103881CBDCEFB67F9E3" authorityName="Skiles" authorityYear="1985" box="[1083,1180,1528,1555]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Anelaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="davisi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF3D103881CBDCEFB67F9E3" box="[1083,1180,1528,1555]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">A. davisi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were reared from dead
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62509DFFF3D1038CE6BE2DFE38F9C4" authority="Torrey" authorityName="Torrey" box="[193,451,1562,1589]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="emoryi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF3D1038CE6BE2DFE8BF9C5" box="[193,368,1562,1588]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">Quercus emoryi</emphasis>
|
||
Torrey
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and this apparent difference in larval biology from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62509DFFF3D1038833BE2DFB64F9C5" box="[1044,1183,1562,1588]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Stenocorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parallelus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF3D1038833BE2DFB64F9C5" box="[1044,1183,1562,1588]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">A. parallelus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was used to justify his description of that species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF1D7B96FFF3D1038CE6BD73FB40FA71" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4565224" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4565224" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4565224/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" startId="19.[193,269,1348,1374]" targetBox="[192,1415,229,1316]" targetPageId="19">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDD2B1EFFF3D1038CE6BD73FB40FA71" blockId="19.[192,1439,1348,1408]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF3D1038CE6BD73FED3FAAF" bold="true" box="[193,296,1348,1374]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">Figure 9.</emphasis>
|
||
Variation of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62509DFFF3D1038D90BD73FCFFFAAE" authority="(Fabricius)" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1792" box="[439,772,1348,1375]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Anelaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="villosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF3D1038D90BD73FD7AFAAF" box="[439,641,1348,1374]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">Anelaphus villosus</emphasis>
|
||
(Fabricius)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF3D1038F2BBD73FCD8FAAF" bold="true" box="[780,803,1348,1374]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">a)</emphasis>
|
||
Montgomery Co., Maryland specimen (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62509DFFF3D10388C4BD73FACFFAAF" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1792" box="[1251,1332,1348,1374]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Anelaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="villosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF3D10388C4BD73FACFFAAF" box="[1251,1332,1348,1374]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">villosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
form).
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF3D10389A0BD73FA64FAAF" bold="true" box="[1415,1439,1348,1374]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">b)</emphasis>
|
||
Edwards Co., Texas specimen (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62509DFFF3D1038E3DBD52FD78FA8E" box="[538,643,1381,1407]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Stenocorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parallelus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF3D1038E3DBD52FD78FA8E" box="[538,643,1381,1407]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">parallelus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
form).
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF3D1038EFFBD52FD16FA8E" bold="true" box="[728,749,1381,1407]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">c)</emphasis>
|
||
Pecos Co., Texas specimen (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62509DFFF3D103880BBD52FB96FA8E" authorityName="Skiles" authorityYear="1985" box="[1068,1133,1381,1407]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Anelaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="davisi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF3D103880BBD52FB96FA8E" box="[1068,1133,1381,1407]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">davisi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
form).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDD2B1EFFF3D1038D27BE69FB3AF8D0" blockId="19.[192,1440,1461,1927]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">
|
||
Gosling’s contention that biological differences imply species differences is strongly challenged in the ecological and population genetics literature. Generalist species populations often display intraspecific niche diversity through variations in behavior, morphology, and habitat use (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF356EFFFF3D1038FFCBE96FAC9F94A" author="Costa-Pereira R & Pruitt, J." box="[987,1330,1697,1723]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" pagination="20190266" refId="ref18950" refString="Costa-Pereira R, Pruitt, J. 2019. Behaviour, morphology and microhabitat use: what drives individual niche variation? Biology Letters 15: 20190266. https: // doi. org / 10.1098 / rsbl. 2019.0266" type="journal article" year="2019">Costa-Pereira and Pruitt 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and this intraspecific niche variation has been further discussed in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF356EFFFF3D1038F60BEF4FBDCF92C" author="Bolnick DI & Amarasekare P & Araujo MS & Burger R & Levine JM & Novak M & Rudolf VHW & Schreiber SJ & Urban MC & Vasseur DA" box="[839,1063,1731,1758]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" pagination="183 - 192" refId="ref18765" refString="Bolnick DI, Amarasekare P, Araujo MS, Burger R, Levine JM, Novak M, Rudolf VHW, Schreiber SJ, Urban MC, Vasseur DA. 2011. Why intraspecific trait variation matters in community ecology. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 26 (4): 183 - 192." type="journal article" year="2011">Bolnick et al. (2011)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF356EFFFF3D103887ABEF4FABDF92C" author="Roughgarden J." box="[1117,1350,1731,1757]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" pagination="683 - 718" refId="ref20189" refString="Roughgarden J. 1972. Evolution of niche width. The American Naturalist 106 (952): 683 - 718." type="journal article" year="1972">Roughgarden (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Significant intraspecific variation in feeding, host-use, and larval behavior has been documented in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62509DFFF3D10388FABED2FA5BF90E" authority="Fallen" authorityName="Fallen" authorityYear="1823" box="[1245,1440,1765,1791]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Drosophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF3D10388FABED2FAAEF90E" box="[1245,1365,1765,1791]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">Drosophila</emphasis>
|
||
Fallén
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
flies (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF356EFFFF3D1038CDCBF30FE40F8D0" author="Sokolowski MB" box="[251,443,1798,1825]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" pagination="857 - 864" refId="ref20344" refString="Sokolowski MB. 1985. Genetics and ecology of Drosophila melanogaster larval foraging and pupation behavior. Journal of Insect Physiology 31 (11): 857 - 864." type="journal article" year="1985">Sokolowski 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62509DFFF3D1038DDFBF30FD9AF8D0" box="[504,609,1799,1825]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Manduca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF3D1038DDFBF30FD9AF8D0" box="[504,609,1799,1825]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">Manduca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
caterpillars (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF356EFFFF3D1038ED6BF30FC8DF8D0" author="Smith GP" box="[753,886,1799,1825]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" refId="ref20309" refString="Smith GP. 2019. Within-species variation in hawkmoth foraging behavior: patterns, causes, and consequences. Dissertation, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona. 187 p." type="book" year="2019">Smith 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), among many other animals.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDD2B1EFFF3D1048D27BF1EFC61FD3B" blockId="19.[192,1440,1461,1927]" lastBlockId="20.[191,1442,214,1122]" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">
|
||
I have examined photographs of the dorsal views of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D995BCFFF3D1038F4BBF1FFC35F8B3" box="[876,974,1832,1858]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62509DFFF3D1038FD6BF1EFAD6F8B3" authority="Fabricius" authorityName="Fabricius. I" authorityYear="1792" box="[1009,1325,1832,1859]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Stenocorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="villosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF3D1038FD6BF1EFB45F8B3" box="[1009,1214,1832,1859]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">Stenocorus villosus</emphasis>
|
||
Fabricius
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, a
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D995BCFFF3D103896DBF1EFA5BF8B2" box="[1354,1440,1833,1859]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62509DFFF3D1038CF8BF7DFDBEF894" authority="Newman" authorityName="Newman" authorityYear="1840" box="[223,581,1866,1893]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Elaphidion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parallelum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF3D1038CF8BF7DFE2EF895" box="[223,469,1866,1892]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">Elaphidion parallelum</emphasis>
|
||
Newman
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D995BCFFF3D1038E97BF7DFCE9F895" box="[688,786,1866,1892]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62509DFFF3D1038F1CBF7DFBC5F895" authority="Skiles" authorityName="Skiles" authorityYear="1985" box="[827,1086,1866,1892]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Anelaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="davisi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF3D1038F1CBF7DFC03F895" box="[827,1016,1866,1892]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">Anelaphus davisi</emphasis>
|
||
Skiles
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and determined that any morphological features used by Gosling, Skiles, Chemsak, and others to differentiate these taxa (e.g., proportions of elytra, pronotum, and relative lengths of third and fourth antennomeres) do not show discrete differences. The
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D995BCFFF4D1048CE6B8CFFED8FEE3" box="[193,291,248,274]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62509DFFF4D1048D60B8CFFD7AFEE3" authority="Fabricius" authorityName="Fabricius. I" authorityYear="1792" box="[327,641,248,274]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Stenocorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="villosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF4D1048D60B8CFFDEEFEE3" box="[327,533,248,274]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">Stenocorus villosus</emphasis>
|
||
Fabricius
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has elytra 3.24 times longer than wide, antennomere 3 is 98.3% as long as antennomere 4, and the pronotum is equal in length and width. A
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D995BCFFF4D1048FF1B92DFBD7FEC5" box="[982,1068,282,308]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62509DFFF4D1048873B92EFAB2FEC2" authorityName="Newman" authorityYear="1840" box="[1108,1353,281,307]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Elaphidion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parallelum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF4D1048873B92EFAB2FEC2" box="[1108,1353,281,307]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">Elaphidion parallelum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has the elytra 3.26 times longer than wide and the pronotum 1.1 times longer than wide (the ratio of the antennomeres cannot be determined due to their orientation in the photograph, but do not appear significantly distinctive). These proportions demonstrate that they are meaningless to distinguish among the forms. I have examined specimen collected at the same location and time that vary in having truncate or dentiform elytral apices (Pecos Co., Texas) and elytral proportions at both extremes (Gilmer Co.,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3756B8EFFF4D1048F54B9F4FC29FE2F" box="[883,978,451,478]" name="Georgia" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">Georgia</collectingCountry>
|
||
). While there are populations that apparently exhibit different larval biologies regarding larval girdling and adult oviposition on recently dead versus living hardwoods, I contend that there is widespread support for an alternative conclusion that this is another example of intraspecific variation as has been documented widely and cited above. It is therefore my opinion that the above-mentioned forms represent a single widespread species. The other oak
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62509DFFF4D1048844BA7CFB2DFD94" authorityName="Linsley" authorityYear="1936" box="[1123,1238,587,613]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Anelaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF4D1048844BA7CFB2DFD94" box="[1123,1238,587,613]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">Anelaphus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF356EFFFF4D1048CC3BA5BFE8DFD76" author="Skiles DD" box="[228,374,620,647]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" pagination="305 - 320" refId="ref20274" refString="Skiles DD. 1985. New genera and species of elaphidionine Cerambycidae (Coleoptera) from North America and the West Indies. The Coleopterists Bulletin 39 (4): 305 - 320." type="journal article" year="1985">Skiles (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62509DFFF4D1048DA6BA5AFE11FD77" box="[385,490,620,647]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Anelaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="belkini">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF4D1048DA6BA5AFE11FD77" box="[385,490,620,647]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">A. belkini</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, is not included in this complex since the structure of the elytral apex (rounded to a spinose suture), antenna (scape and third antennomere weakly sulcate), and pronotum (punctation as coarse as elytral base in both sexes) allow for its morphological distinction.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDD2B1EFFF4D1048D27BAE5FBE5FC48" blockId="20.[191,1442,214,1122]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">
|
||
Another taxon in the complex,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62509DFFF4D1048E44BAE5FC50FD1D" authority="LeConte" authorityName="LeConte" authorityYear="1850" box="[611,939,722,748]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Elaphidion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rusticum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF4D1048E44BAE5FCBFFD1D" box="[611,836,722,748]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">Elaphidion rusticum</emphasis>
|
||
LeConte
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, has been considered
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF4D1048883BAE4FACCFD1D" box="[1188,1335,722,748]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">incertae sedis</emphasis>
|
||
in recent catalogues (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF356EFFFF4D1048D62BAC3FE2FFCFF" author="Bezark LG" box="[325,468,756,782]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" refId="ref18721" refString="Bezark LG. 2019. Checklist of the Oxypeltidae, Vesperidae, Disteniidae and Cerambycidae, (Coleoptera) of the Western Hemisphere (updated through 31 December 2019). Available at bezbycids. com. (Last accessed June 2020.)" type="journal volume" year="2019">Bezark 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF356EFFFF4D1048DC6BAC3FD8EFCFF" author="Monne MA" box="[481,629,756,782]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" refId="ref19836" refString="Monne MA. 2019. Catalogue of the Cerambycidae (Coleoptera) of the Neotropical Region. Part 1. Subfamily Cerambycinae. Available at cerambyxcat. com. (Last accessed April 2020.)" type="journal volume" year="2019">Monné 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF356EFFFF4D1048EAFBAC3FCE9FCFE" author="Fitch A." box="[648,786,756,783]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" pagination="781 - 854" refId="ref19033" refString="Fitch A. 1859. Fifth report on the noxious and other insects of the state of New York. Insects infesting deciduous forest trees. Transactions of the New York State Agricultural Society, with an Abstract of the Proceedings of the County Agricultural Societies 18: 781 - 854." type="journal article" year="1859">Fitch (1859)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
says, “...our latest authorities place it as a synonym of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62509DFFF4D1048CE5BB21FE74FCC1" authorityName="Fabricius. I" authorityYear="1792" box="[194,399,790,816]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Stenocorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="villosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF4D1048CE5BB21FE74FCC1" box="[194,399,790,816]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">Stenocorus villosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
of this author [
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF356EFFFF4D1048E12BB21FD24FCC1" author="Fabricius JC" box="[565,735,789,816]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" refId="ref18990" refString="Fabricius JC. 1792. Entomologia systematica emendata et aucta. Secundum classes, ordines, genera, species adjectis synonimis, locis, observationibus, descriptionibus. Tom. I. Christ. Gottl. Proft; Copenhagen. 538 p." type="book" year="1792">Fabricius 1792</bibRefCitation>
|
||
]” in his long discussion of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62509DFFF4D1048820BB20FBA3FCC1" authorityName="Peck" authorityYear="1819" box="[1031,1112,791,816]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Stenocorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="putator">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF4D1048820BB20FBA3FCC1" box="[1031,1112,791,816]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">putator</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
which was described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF356EFFFF4D104894BBB21FEF0FCA3" author="Peck WD" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" pagination="307 - 313" refId="ref20084" refString="Peck WD. 1819. Insects which affect the oaks and cherries. The Massachusetts Agricultural Repository and Journal 5 (3): 307 - 313." type="journal article" year="1819">Peck (1819)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, and is itself is now a synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62509DFFF4D1048EA0BB0FFCA9FCA3" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1792" box="[647,850,824,850]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Anelaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="villosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF4D1048EA0BB0FFCA9FCA3" box="[647,850,824,850]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">Anelaphus villosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the aforementioned catalogues.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF356EFFFF4D10488FFBB0FFA5BFCA2" author="Linsley EG" box="[1240,1440,824,851]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" pagination="1 - 165" refId="ref19736" refString="Linsley EG. 1963. The Cerambycidae of North America. Part IV. Tribes Elaphidionini through Rhinotragini. University of California Publications in Entomology 21: 1 - 165." type="journal article" year="1963">Linsley (1963: 96)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
stated, “Judging from the above description, this species [
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62509DFFF4D1048F66BB6CFC58FC85" authorityName="LeConte" authorityYear="1850" box="[833,931,859,884]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Elaphidion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rusticum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF4D1048F66BB6CFC58FC85" box="[833,931,859,884]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">rusticum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
] is an
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62509DFFF4D1048FC9BB6DFB67FC85" authorityName="Linsley" authorityYear="1957" box="[1006,1180,858,884]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Elaphidionoides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF4D1048FC9BB6DFB67FC85" box="[1006,1180,858,884]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">Elaphidionoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, probably synonymous with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62509DFFF4D1048CDCBB4BFE16FC66" authority="(Fabricius)" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1792" box="[251,493,892,919]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Anelaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="villosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF4D1048CDCBB4BFE90FC67" box="[251,363,892,918]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">E. villosus</emphasis>
|
||
(Fabricius)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
or
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62509DFFF4D1048E30BB4BFCD8FC67" authority="(Newman)" baseAuthorityName="Newman" box="[535,803,892,918]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Stenocorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parallelus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF4D1048E30BB4BFD5BFC67" box="[535,672,892,918]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">E. parallelus</emphasis>
|
||
(Newman)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.” I therefore remove
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62509DFFF4D1048832BB4BFAA4FC67" authority="LeConte" authorityName="LeConte" authorityYear="1850" box="[1045,1375,892,918]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Elaphidion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rusticum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF4D1048832BB4BFB03FC64" box="[1045,1272,892,918]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">Elaphidion rusticum</emphasis>
|
||
LeConte
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF4D1048CE7BBA9FEA9FC49" box="[192,338,926,952]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">incertae sedis</emphasis>
|
||
and place it as a new synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62509DFFF4D1048EEABBA9FBE1FC48" authority="(Fabricius)" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1792" box="[717,1050,926,953]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Anelaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="villosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF4D1048EEABBA9FC6CFC49" box="[717,919,926,952]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">Anelaphus villosus</emphasis>
|
||
(Fabricius)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDD2B1EFFF4D1048D27BB88FC0FFB93" blockId="20.[191,1442,214,1122]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">
|
||
This species is widespread throughout the eastern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3756B8EFFF4D1048F65BB88FC23FC2B" box="[834,984,959,986]" name="United States of America" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">United States</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A6E5FCFFF4D1048832BBF7FBADFC2B" box="[1045,1110,960,986]" country="United States of America" name="Texas" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">Texas</collectingRegion>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF356EFFFF4D1048845BB88FAF9FC2B" author="Bezark LG" box="[1122,1282,959,986]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" pagination="40 - 58" refId="ref18692" refString="Bezark LG. 2018. Notes and distribution records for some New World Coleoptera, Cerambycidae. Les Cahiers Magellanes (NS) 31: 40 - 58." type="journal article" year="2018">Bezark (2018)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
recorded one specimen identified as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62509DFFF4D1048D9ABBD5FDE6FC0A" authorityName="Skiles" authorityYear="1985" box="[445,541,993,1020]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Anelaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="davisi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF4D1048D9ABBD5FDE6FC0A" box="[445,541,993,1020]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">A. davisi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A6E5FCFFF4D1048E47BBD5FD14FC0A" box="[608,751,993,1020]" country="United States of America" name="New Mexico" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">New Mexico</collectingRegion>
|
||
. Although
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF356EFFFF4D1048F4EBBD6FBBAFC0D" author="Linsley EG & Knull JN & Statham M." box="[873,1089,993,1020]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" pagination="1 - 34" refId="ref19767" refString="Linsley EG., Knull JN, Statham M. 1961. A list of Cerambycidae from the Chiricahua Mountain Area, Cochise County, Arizona (Coleoptera). American Museum Novitates 2050: 1 - 34." type="journal article" year="1961">Linsley et al. (1961)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
records one specimen from the Southwestern Research Station, Portal,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A6E5FCFFF4D1048E55BC34FD34FBEC" box="[626,719,1027,1053]" country="United States of America" name="Arizona" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">Arizona</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFDC0DDEFFF4D1048EFFBC34FCA0FBEF" box="[728,859,1027,1054]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" value="1958-06-06">6 June 1958</date>
|
||
, extensive collecting has yielded no additional material from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A6E5FCFFF4D1048D0ABC12FE70FBCE" box="[301,395,1061,1087]" country="United States of America" name="Arizona" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">Arizona</collectingRegion>
|
||
. Many hundreds of specimens have been examined over the past 20 years, but the following records below represent more recent material from throughout the range.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3787895FFF4D1048CE7BC46FE64FA4D" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDD2B1EFFF4D1048CE7BC46FE64FA4D" blockId="20.[191,1440,1137,1469]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF4D1048CE7BC46FE59FB7A" bold="true" box="[192,418,1137,1163]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">Material examined.</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B0A2143FFF4D1048D80BC46FBFCFB7A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3046461360" box="[423,1031,1137,1164]" collectingDate="1968-06-10" collectionCode="DJHC" county="Cook Co." location="Palos Park" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Illinois">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF4D1048D80BC46FDF8FB7A" bold="true" box="[423,515,1137,1163]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A6E5FCFFF4D1048D80BC46FE06FB7A" box="[423,509,1137,1163]" country="United States of America" name="Illinois" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">Illinois</collectingRegion>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62BC5392FFF4D1048E2FBC46FD8FFB7A" box="[520,628,1137,1163]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">Cook Co.</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EBD7DC5FFF4D1048E59BC46FD0EFB7A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CB9A08FFF1D1048CE7BAB2FE64FA4D:8EBD7DC5FFF4D1048E59BC46FD0EFB7A" box="[638,757,1137,1163]" county="Cook Co." name="Palos Park" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" stateProvince="Illinois">Palos Park</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFDC0DDEFFF4D1048ED9BC46FC76FB7A" box="[766,909,1137,1164]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" value="1968-06-10">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF98F436FFF4D1048ED9BC46FC76FB7A" box="[766,909,1137,1164]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" value="1968-06-10">10 June 1968</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
(1,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED73B3DBFFF4D1048F92BC46FC05FB7A" box="[949,1022,1137,1163]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">DJHC</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B0A2143FFF4D1048828BC46FCF6FB5C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3046461375" collectingDate="1999-04-20" collectionCode="SWLC" collectorName="S. W. Lingafelter" county="Montgomery Co." location="North Potomac" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Maryland">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF4D1048828BC46FB71FB7A" bold="true" box="[1039,1162,1137,1163]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A6E5FCFFF4D1048828BC46FB7FFB7A" box="[1039,1156,1137,1163]" country="United States of America" name="Maryland" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">Maryland</collectingRegion>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62BC5392FFF4D10488B7BC45FAA9FB7A" box="[1168,1362,1137,1164]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">Montgomery Co.</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EBD7DC5FFF4D104897BBC46FED8FB5C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CB9A08FFF1D1048CE7BAB2FE64FA4D:8EBD7DC5FFF4D104897BBC46FED8FB5C" county="Montgomery Co." name="North Potomac" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" stateProvince="Maryland">North Potomac</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFDC0DDEFFF4D1048D08BCA4FE32FB5C" box="[303,457,1171,1197]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" value="1999-04-20">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF98F436FFF4D1048D08BCA4FE32FB5C" box="[303,457,1171,1197]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" value="1999-04-20">20 April 1999</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26974EC8FFF4D1048DF3BCA4FD70FB5C" box="[468,651,1171,1197]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">S. W. Lingafelter</collectorName>
|
||
(1,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED73B3DBFFF4D1048E90BCA4FCFEFB5C" box="[695,773,1171,1197]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">SWLC</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B0A2143FFF4D1048F3EBCA4FE0FFB3E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3046461381" collectingDate="1988-04-20" collectingDateMax="1988-04-21" collectingDateMin="1988-04-20" collectionCode="DJHC" collectorName="J. D. Ryan" county="Westchester Co." location="Briarcliff Manor" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="New York">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF4D1048F3EBCA4FC68FB5C" bold="true" box="[793,915,1171,1197]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A6E5FCFFF4D1048F3EBCA4FC75FB5C" box="[793,910,1171,1197]" country="United States of America" name="New York" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">New York</collectingRegion>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62BC5392FFF4D1048FBEBCA4FBB4FB5C" box="[921,1103,1171,1197]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">Westchester Co.</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EBD7DC5FFF4D104887DBCA4FAEBFB5C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CB9A08FFF1D1048CE7BAB2FE64FA4D:8EBD7DC5FFF4D104887DBCA4FAEBFB5C" box="[1114,1296,1171,1197]" county="Westchester Co." name="Briarcliff Manor" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" stateProvince="New York">Briarcliff Manor</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFDC0DDEFFF4D104893CBCA4FF02FB3E" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" value="1988-04-20" valueMax="1988-04-21" valueMin="1988-04-20">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF98F436FFF4D104893CBCA4FF02FB3E" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" value="1988-04-20" valueMax="1988-04-21" valueMin="1988-04-20">20–21 April 1988</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26974EC8FFF4D1048D22BC82FE8DFB3E" box="[261,374,1205,1231]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">J. D. Ryan</collectorName>
|
||
(1,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED73B3DBFFF4D1048D84BC82FE17FB3E" box="[419,492,1205,1231]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">DJHC</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B0A2143FFF4D1048E26BC83FDFAFB00" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3046461378" collectingDate="2019-05-24" collectingDateMax="2019-06-01" collectingDateMin="2019-05-24" collectionCode="RFMC" collectorName="R. Morris" county="Gilmer Co." location="Ellijay" municipality="Creekside Road" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Georgia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF4D1048E26BC83FD9CFB3F" bold="true" box="[513,615,1204,1230]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A6E5FCFFF4D1048E26BC83FD99FB3F" box="[513,610,1204,1230]" country="United States of America" name="Georgia" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">Georgia</collectingRegion>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62BC5392FFF4D1048E4ABC82FD16FB3E" box="[621,749,1205,1231]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">Gilmer Co.</collectingCounty>
|
||
, 269
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BB9B164FFF4D1048F0DBC82FC25FB3E" box="[810,990,1205,1231]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">Creekside Road</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EBD7DC5FFF4D1048FCDBC82FBCBFB3E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CB9A08FFF1D1048CE7BAB2FE64FA4D:8EBD7DC5FFF4D1048FCDBC82FBCBFB3E" box="[1002,1072,1205,1231]" county="Gilmer Co." municipality="Creekside Road" name="Ellijay" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" stateProvince="Georgia">Ellijay</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFDC0DDEFFF4D104881BBC82FACDFB3E" box="[1084,1334,1205,1231]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" value="2019-05-24" valueMax="2019-06-01" valueMin="2019-05-24">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF98F436FFF4D104881BBC82FACDFB3E" box="[1084,1334,1205,1231]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" value="2019-05-24" valueMax="2019-06-01" valueMin="2019-05-24">24 May – 1 June 2019</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, UV/MV lights,
|
||
<collectorName id="26974EC8FFF4D1048D29BCE0FE80FB00" box="[270,379,1239,1265]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">R. Morris</collectorName>
|
||
(4,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED73B3DBFFF4D1048D8DBCE0FE01FB00" box="[426,506,1239,1265]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">RFMC</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B0A2143FFF4D1048E28BCE1FA67FB00" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3046461386" box="[527,1436,1238,1265]" collectingDate="1979-07-14" collectionCode="DJHC" collectorName="R. A. Androw" county="Ashland Co." location="Mohican State Park" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Ohio">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF4D1048E28BCE1FDA9FB01" bold="true" box="[527,594,1238,1264]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A6E5FCFFF4D1048E28BCE1FDB6FB01" box="[527,589,1238,1264]" country="United States of America" name="Ohio" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">Ohio</collectingRegion>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62BC5392FFF4D1048E7FBCE0FD1CFB00" box="[600,743,1239,1265]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">Ashland Co.</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EBD7DC5FFF4D1048ED3BCE0FC2EFB00" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CB9A08FFF1D1048CE7BAB2FE64FA4D:8EBD7DC5FFF4D1048ED3BCE0FC2EFB00" box="[756,981,1239,1265]" county="Ashland Co." name="Mohican State Park" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" stateProvince="Ohio">Mohican State Park</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFDC0DDEFFF4D1048FC6BCE0FB8BFB00" box="[993,1136,1239,1265]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" value="1979-07-14">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF98F436FFF4D1048FC6BCE0FB8BFB00" box="[993,1136,1239,1265]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" value="1979-07-14">14 July 1979</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26974EC8FFF4D104885ABCE0FAE7FB00" box="[1149,1308,1239,1265]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">R. A. Androw</collectorName>
|
||
(1,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED73B3DBFFF4D104896CBCE0FA6FFB00" box="[1355,1428,1239,1265]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">DJHC</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B0A2143FFF4D1048CE5BCCFFBCCFAE2" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3046461355" box="[194,1079,1272,1299]" collectingDate="1989-05-27" collectionCode="DJHC" collectorName="J. K. Moulton" county="Pickens Co." location="Clemson" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="South Carolina">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF4D1048CE5BCCFFE87FAE3" bold="true" box="[194,380,1272,1298]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A6E5FCFFF4D1048CE5BCCFFE8CFAE3" box="[194,375,1272,1298]" country="United States of America" name="South Carolina" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">South Carolina</collectingRegion>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62BC5392FFF4D1048DA6BCCFFDFCFAE2" box="[385,519,1272,1299]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">Pickens Co.</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EBD7DC5FFF4D1048E34BCCFFD82FAE3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CB9A08FFF1D1048CE7BAB2FE64FA4D:8EBD7DC5FFF4D1048E34BCCFFD82FAE3" box="[531,633,1272,1298]" county="Pickens Co." name="Clemson" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" stateProvince="South Carolina">Clemson</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFDC0DDEFFF4D1048EA3BCCEFCECFAE2" box="[644,791,1273,1299]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" value="1989-05-27">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF98F436FFF4D1048EA3BCCEFCECFAE2" box="[644,791,1273,1299]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" value="1989-05-27">27 May 1989</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26974EC8FFF4D1048F05BCCEFC41FAE3" box="[802,954,1272,1299]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">J. K. Moulton</collectorName>
|
||
(1,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED73B3DBFFF4D1048FC1BCCEFBD4FAE2" box="[998,1071,1273,1299]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">DJHC</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B0A2143FFF4D1048864BCCEFEC1FAA7" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3046461366" collectingDate="2018-04-06" collectionCode="SWLC" collectorName="J. E. Wappes & S. W. Lingafelter" county="Bexar Co." elevation="397" latitude="29.68935" location="Paisano Pass" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-98.66115" municipality="San Antonio" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Texas">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF4D1048864BCCEFB70FAE2" bold="true" box="[1091,1163,1273,1299]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A6E5FCFFF4D1048864BCCEFB7DFAE2" box="[1091,1158,1273,1299]" country="United States of America" name="Texas" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">Texas</collectingRegion>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62BC5392FFF4D10488B6BCCEFAF9FAE2" box="[1169,1282,1273,1299]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">Bexar Co.</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BB9B164FFF4D104892ABCCEFA67FAE3" box="[1293,1436,1272,1299]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">San Antonio</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
, 8734
|
||
<location id="8EBD7DC5FFF4D1048CDBBD2DFE71FAC4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CB9A08FFF1D1048CE7BAB2FE64FA4D:8EBD7DC5FFF4D1048CDBBD2DFE71FAC4" box="[252,394,1306,1333]" county="Bexar Co." latitude="29.68935" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-98.66115" municipality="San Antonio" name="Paisano Pass" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" stateProvince="Texas">Paisano Pass</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4C9A86FBFFF4D1048DB4BD2CFE22FAC4" box="[403,473,1307,1333]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.97" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" unit="m" value="397.0">
|
||
<elevation id="004FCC2DFFF4D1048DB4BD2CFE22FAC4" box="[403,473,1307,1333]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.97" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" unit="m" value="397.0">397 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE564DD9FFF4D1048DC4BD2DFD96FAC4" box="[483,621,1306,1335]" degrees="29" direction="north" minutes="41.361" orientation="latitude" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" precision="1" value="29.68935">
|
||
29°41.361
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF4D1048E77BD2BFDADFAC6" bold="true" box="[592,598,1308,1335]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">′</emphasis>
|
||
N
|
||
</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE564DD9FFF4D1048E50BD2DFCFEFAC4" box="[631,773,1306,1335]" degrees="98" direction="west" minutes="39.669" orientation="longitude" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" precision="1" value="-98.66115">
|
||
98°39.669
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF4D1048EC2BD2BFD10FAC6" bold="true" box="[741,747,1308,1335]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">′</emphasis>
|
||
W
|
||
</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFDC0DDEFFF4D1048F2ABD2DFC6CFAC4" box="[781,919,1306,1333]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" value="2018-04-06">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF98F436FFF4D1048F2ABD2DFC6CFAC4" box="[781,919,1306,1333]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" value="2018-04-06">6 April 2018</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, MV/UV lights,
|
||
<collectorName id="26974EC8FFF4D104886BBD2CFB35FAC4" box="[1100,1230,1307,1333]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">J.E. Wappes</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName id="26974EC8FFF4D10488CBBD2CFA5BFAC5" box="[1260,1440,1306,1333]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">S. W. Lingafelter</collectorName>
|
||
(2,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED73B3DBFFF4D1048CC2BD0BFEC8FAA7" box="[229,307,1340,1366]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">SWLC</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B0A2143FFF4D1048D60BD0BFD67FA89" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3046461379" collectingDate="2018-04-13" collectionCode="SWLC" collectorName="Choya Ranch W. & S. W. Lingafelter" county="Edwards Co." elevation="440" latitude="29.67775" location="Camp Wood" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-100.02216" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Texas">
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62BC5392FFF4D1048D60BD0BFE22FAA7" box="[327,473,1340,1366]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">Edwards Co.</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26974EC8FFF4D1048DC2BD0BFD5FFAA6" box="[485,676,1340,1367]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">Choya Ranch W.</collectorName>
|
||
of
|
||
<location id="8EBD7DC5FFF4D1048EEDBD0BFCA7FAA7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CB9A08FFF1D1048CE7BAB2FE64FA4D:8EBD7DC5FFF4D1048EEDBD0BFCA7FAA7" box="[714,860,1340,1366]" county="Edwards Co." latitude="29.67775" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-100.02216" name="Camp Wood" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" stateProvince="Texas">Camp Wood</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE564DD9FFF4D1048F4EBD0BFC0EFAA6" box="[873,1013,1340,1369]" degrees="29" direction="north" minutes="40.665" orientation="latitude" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" precision="1" value="29.67775">
|
||
29°40.665
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF4D1048FFFBD09FC25FAA8" bold="true" box="[984,990,1342,1369]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">′</emphasis>
|
||
N
|
||
</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE564DD9FFF4D1048825BD0BFB66FAA6" box="[1026,1181,1340,1369]" degrees="100" direction="west" minutes="01.330" orientation="longitude" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" precision="1" value="-100.02216">
|
||
100°01.330
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF4D104885ABD09FB78FAA8" bold="true" box="[1149,1155,1342,1369]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">′</emphasis>
|
||
W
|
||
</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4C9A86FBFFF4D104888EBD0BFB09FAA6" box="[1193,1266,1340,1367]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.4" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" unit="m" value="440.0">
|
||
<elevation id="004FCC2DFFF4D104888EBD0BFB09FAA6" box="[1193,1266,1340,1367]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.4" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" unit="m" value="440.0">440 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFDC0DDEFFF4D10488D8BD0BFA67FAA7" box="[1279,1436,1340,1366]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" value="2018-04-13">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF98F436FFF4D10488D8BD0BFA67FAA7" box="[1279,1436,1340,1366]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" value="2018-04-13">13 April 2018</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, MV/UV lights,
|
||
<collectorName id="26974EC8FFF4D1048D48BD69FDE5FA89" box="[367,542,1374,1400]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">S.W. Lingafelter</collectorName>
|
||
(1,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED73B3DBFFF4D1048E60BD69FD6EFA89" box="[583,661,1374,1400]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">SWLC</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B0A2143FFF4D1048E81BD69FEC2FA6B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3046461369" collectingDate="1991-06-14" collectionCode="SWLC" collectorName="D. G. Marqua" county="Jeff Davis Co." location="Davis Mtns. Resort" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Texas">
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62BC5392FFF4D1048E81BD69FCC5FA89" box="[678,830,1374,1400]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">Jeff Davis Co.</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EBD7DC5FFF4D1048F6FBD69FBE5FA88" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CB9A08FFF1D1048CE7BAB2FE64FA4D:8EBD7DC5FFF4D1048F6FBD69FBE5FA88" box="[840,1054,1374,1401]" county="Jeff Davis Co." name="Davis Mtns. Resort" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" stateProvince="Texas">Davis Mtns. Resort</location>
|
||
, 5800
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF4D104887BBD57FB99FA8A" bold="true" box="[1116,1122,1376,1403]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">′</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFDC0DDEFFF4D1048849BD69FB04FA89" box="[1134,1279,1374,1401]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" value="1991-06-14">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF98F436FFF4D1048849BD69FB04FA89" box="[1134,1279,1374,1401]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" value="1991-06-14">14 June 1991</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26974EC8FFF4D104892EBD68FA5BFA88" box="[1289,1440,1374,1401]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">D. G. Marqua</collectorName>
|
||
(1,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED73B3DBFFF4D1048CC3BDB7FEC9FA6B" box="[228,306,1408,1434]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">SWLC</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B0A2143FFF4D1048D62BDB6FE60FA4D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3046461383" collectingDate="1998-01-01" collectingDateMax="1998-01-02" collectingDateMin="1998-01-01" collectionCode="RFMC" county="Pecos Co." location="Ft. Stockton" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Texas">
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62BC5392FFF4D1048D62BDB6FE4FFA6B" box="[325,436,1408,1435]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">Pecos Co.</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4C9A86FBFFF4D1048D98BDB7FDE6FA6B" box="[447,541,1408,1434]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5061632" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" unit="mi" value="28.0">28 miles</quantity>
|
||
S.
|
||
<location id="8EBD7DC5FFF4D1048E18BDB6FD3DFA6B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CB9A08FFF1D1048CE7BAB2FE64FA4D:8EBD7DC5FFF4D1048E18BDB6FD3DFA6B" box="[575,710,1408,1435]" county="Pecos Co." name="Ft. Stockton" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" stateProvince="Texas">Ft. Stockton</location>
|
||
on 385,
|
||
<date id="FFDC0DDEFFF4D1048F00BDB7FC16FA6B" box="[807,1005,1408,1435]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" value="1998-01-01" valueMax="1998-01-02" valueMin="1998-01-01">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF98F436FFF4D1048F00BDB7FC16FA6B" box="[807,1005,1408,1435]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" value="1998-01-01" valueMax="1998-01-02" valueMin="1998-01-01">1–2 January 1998</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, reared
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C62509DFFF4D1048860BDB6FEE2FA4C" authority=", Morris and Wappes" authorityName="Morris and Wappes" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mohriana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B916F70CFFF4D1048860BDB6FAEEFA6B" box="[1095,1301,1408,1435]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">Quercus mohriana</emphasis>
|
||
, Morris and Wappes
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(2,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED73B3DBFFF4D1048D64BD95FE6FFA4D" box="[323,404,1442,1468]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">RFMC</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |