treatments-xml/data/03/97/A3/0397A374AE76FFFDE2A3FBB0FC29FEFC.xml

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<mods:title id="9543E8835D1C100887517312C5C4A4E2">New species of Characidium (Characiformes: Crenuchidae) from the Rio Tapajós and Rio Xingu drainages, Pará, Brazil</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="56A3887939BF065EAF25F8DD286322C0">Mendonça, Marina B.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="6ECCA132C4083F8F1F54B092FE4D95A0">Netto-Ferreira, Andre L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="CBCD3B465D3ABE945CC2884D478E485C">2015</mods:date>
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<treatment id="0397A374AE76FFFDE2A3FBB0FC29FEFC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5686415" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119639130" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5686415" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0397A374AE76FFFDE2A3FBB0FC29FEFC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0397A374AE76FFFDE2A3FBB0FC29FEFC" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="192" pageId="1" pageNumber="188">
<subSubSection id="C32441E9AE76FFFAE2A3FBB0FF26FB9E" pageId="1" pageNumber="188" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B811262AE76FFFAE2A3FBB0FDD7FBBF" blockId="1.[151,538,1084,1143]" box="[151,538,1084,1110]" pageId="1" pageNumber="188">
<heading id="D0C9A50EAE76FFFAE2A3FBB0FDD7FBBF" bold="true" box="[151,538,1084,1110]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="188" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B94ACE70AE76FFFAE2A3FBB0FDD7FBBF" bold="true" box="[151,538,1084,1110]" pageId="1" pageNumber="188">
<taxonomicName id="4C3E69E1AE76FFFAE2A3FBB0FEB1FBBF" ID-CoL="TMQV" box="[151,380,1084,1110]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="188" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nana" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94ACE70AE76FFFAE2A3FBB0FEB1FBBF" bold="true" box="[151,380,1084,1110]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="188">Characidium nana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A279730BAE76FFFAE3BEFBB0FDD7FBBF" box="[394,538,1084,1110]" pageId="1" pageNumber="188" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B811262AE76FFFAE2A3FBD2FF26FB9E" blockId="1.[151,538,1084,1143]" box="[151,235,1118,1143]" pageId="1" pageNumber="188">
(
<figureCitation id="13050EE7AE76FFFAE2ABFBD2FF2DFB9E" box="[159,224,1118,1143]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1799,1821]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1392,1777]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,1392,1778]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Characidium nana, holotype, MPEG 31838, 21.5 mm SL, from Rio 13 de Maio, approximately 40 km from Castelo dos Sonhos, Pará, Brazil." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/241374/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="188">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32441E9AE76FFFAE2A3FB2AFDA0FA52" pageId="1" pageNumber="188" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B811262AE76FFFAE2A3FB2AFC6EFB0A" blockId="1.[151,1437,1190,2007]" pageId="1" pageNumber="188">
<typeStatus id="5485ACC0AE76FFFAE2A3FB2AFEC9FB56" box="[151,260,1190,1215]" pageId="1" pageNumber="188" type="holotype">
<emphasis id="B94ACE70AE76FFFAE2A3FB2AFEC9FB56" bold="true" box="[151,260,1190,1215]" pageId="1" pageNumber="188">Holotype</emphasis>
</typeStatus>
. 
<collectionCode id="ED2F8AA7AE76FFFAE321FB2BFEAEFB56" box="[277,355,1191,1215]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/90vz-swjg" name="Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi" pageId="1" pageNumber="188">MPEG</collectionCode>
31838, 
<quantity id="4CC6BF87AE76FFFAE3F2FB2AFDE3FB57" box="[454,558,1190,1215]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.15" pageId="1" pageNumber="188" unit="mm" value="21.5">21.5 mm</quantity>
<collectionCode id="ED2F8AA7AE76FFFAE00CFB2BFD96FB56" box="[568,603,1191,1215]" pageId="1" pageNumber="188">SL</collectionCode>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F32952F2AE76FFFAE05FFB2AFD7FFB56" box="[619,690,1190,1215]" name="Brazil" pageId="1" pageNumber="188">Brazil</collectingCountry>
, Pará, Rio 13 de Maio, approximately 
<quantity id="4CC6BF87AE76FFFAE64BFB2BFB07FB56" box="[1151,1226,1190,1215]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="188" unit="km" value="40.0">40 km</quantity>
from Castelo dos Sonhos, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE0A74A5AE76FFFAE2C3FB46FE41FB0A" box="[247,396,1226,1251]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="188" precision="1" value="-8.648514">8°38'54.65&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE0A74A5AE76FFFAE3A7FB46FDFFFB0A" box="[403,562,1226,1251]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="188" precision="1" value="-55.02918">55°1'45.04&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<date id="FF8034A2AE76FFFAE009FB47FD1FFB0A" box="[573,722,1227,1251]" pageId="1" pageNumber="188" value="2012-08-14">14 Aug 2012</date>
, M. B. Mendonça.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B811262AE76FFFAE2F3FB62FA83FAC2" blockId="1.[151,1437,1190,2007]" pageId="1" pageNumber="188">
<typeStatus id="5485ACC0AE76FFFAE2F3FB62FEF2FAEE" box="[199,319,1262,1287]" pageId="1" pageNumber="188" type="paratype">
<emphasis id="B94ACE70AE76FFFAE2F3FB62FEF2FAEE" bold="true" box="[199,319,1262,1287]" pageId="1" pageNumber="188">Paratypes</emphasis>
</typeStatus>
. All collected with 
<typeStatus id="5485ACC0AE76FFFAE010FB62FD47FAEE" box="[548,650,1262,1287]" pageId="1" pageNumber="188" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
. 
<collectionCode id="ED2F8AA7AE76FFFAE0A2FB63FD18FAEE" box="[662,725,1263,1287]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm88-499z" name="Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia" pageId="1" pageNumber="188">INPA</collectionCode>
48536, 3, 
<quantity id="4CC6BF87AE76FFFAE165FB62FC3BFAEF" box="[849,1014,1262,1287]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.685" metricValueMax="1.73" metricValueMin="1.64" pageId="1" pageNumber="188" unit="mm" value="16.85" valueMax="17.3" valueMin="16.4">16.4–17.3 mm</quantity>
<collectionCode id="ED2F8AA7AE76FFFAE1CBFB63FBEEFAEE" box="[1023,1059,1263,1287]" pageId="1" pageNumber="188">SL</collectionCode>
; 
<collectionCode id="ED2F8AA7AE76FFFAE604FB63FBB6FAEF" box="[1072,1147,1263,1286]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/zi1i-a0b5" name="Museu Nacional/Universidade Federal de Rio de Janeiro" pageId="1" pageNumber="188">MNRJ</collectionCode>
43743, 3, 
<quantity id="4CC6BF87AE76FFFAE6CCFB62FA50FAEF" box="[1272,1437,1262,1287]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.68" metricValueMax="1.83" metricValueMin="1.53" pageId="1" pageNumber="188" unit="mm" value="16.8" valueMax="18.3" valueMin="15.3">15.3–18.3 mm</quantity>
<collectionCode id="ED2F8AA7AE76FFFAE2A3FA9FFF76FAC2" box="[151,187,1299,1323]" pageId="1" pageNumber="188">SL</collectionCode>
; 
<collectionCode id="ED2F8AA7AE76FFFAE2F2FA9FFED9FAC2" box="[198,276,1299,1323]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/90vz-swjg" name="Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi" pageId="1" pageNumber="188">MPEG</collectionCode>
25792, 10, 14.0– 
<quantity id="4CC6BF87AE76FFFAE3EDFA9EFDF1FAC3" box="[473,572,1298,1323]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.67" pageId="1" pageNumber="188" unit="mm" value="16.7">16.7 mm</quantity>
<collectionCode id="ED2F8AA7AE76FFFAE077FA9FFDAAFAC2" box="[579,615,1299,1323]" pageId="1" pageNumber="188">SL</collectionCode>
; 5 c&amp;s, 
<quantity id="4CC6BF87AE76FFFAE0F6FA9EFCA8FAC3" box="[706,869,1298,1323]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.64" metricValueMax="1.71" metricValueMin="1.5699999999999998" pageId="1" pageNumber="188" unit="mm" value="16.4" valueMax="17.1" valueMin="15.7">15.7–17.1 mm</quantity>
<collectionCode id="ED2F8AA7AE76FFFAE158FA9FFC5DFAC2" box="[876,912,1299,1323]" pageId="1" pageNumber="188">SL</collectionCode>
; 
<collectionCode id="ED2F8AA7AE76FFFAE1AFFA9FFC35FAC2" box="[923,1016,1299,1323]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="1" pageNumber="188">MZUSP</collectionCode>
117154, 3, 
<quantity id="4CC6BF87AE76FFFAE649FA9EFAD2FAC3" box="[1149,1311,1298,1323]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" metricValueMax="2.13" metricValueMin="1.67" pageId="1" pageNumber="188" unit="mm" value="19.0" valueMax="21.3" valueMin="16.7">16.7–21.3 mm</quantity>
<collectionCode id="ED2F8AA7AE76FFFAE712FA9FFA87FAC2" box="[1318,1354,1299,1323]" pageId="1" pageNumber="188">SL</collectionCode>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B811262AE76FFFAE2F3FABAFDA0FA52" blockId="1.[151,1437,1190,2007]" pageId="1" pageNumber="188">
<emphasis id="B94ACE70AE76FFFAE2F3FABAFE6CFAA6" bold="true" box="[199,417,1334,1359]" pageId="1" pageNumber="188">Non-type material</emphasis>
. 
<collectionCode id="ED2F8AA7AE76FFFAE39AFABBFE31FAA6" box="[430,508,1335,1359]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/90vz-swjg" name="Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi" pageId="1" pageNumber="188">MPEG</collectionCode>
7844, 1, 
<quantity id="4CC6BF87AE76FFFAE057FABBFD0AFAA7" box="[611,711,1335,1359]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.94" pageId="1" pageNumber="188" unit="mm" value="19.4">19.4 mm</quantity>
<collectionCode id="ED2F8AA7AE76FFFAE0F9FABBFD3DFAA6" box="[717,752,1335,1359]" pageId="1" pageNumber="188">SL</collectionCode>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F32952F2AE76FFFAE0CFFABAFC8FFAA6" box="[763,834,1334,1359]" name="Brazil" pageId="1" pageNumber="188">Brazil</collectingCountry>
, Pará, Altamira, Rio Parazinho, tributary of lower Rio Xingu, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE0A74A5AE76FFFAE2DAFAD7FEA8FA9A" box="[238,357,1371,1395]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="188" precision="15" value="-8.521389">8°31’17”S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE0A74A5AE76FFFAE344FAD6FE32FA9A" box="[368,511,1370,1395]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="188" precision="15" value="-55.10861">55°06’31”W</geoCoordinate>
, 0 
<date id="FF8034A2AE76FFFAE029FAD7FD6CFA9A" box="[541,673,1371,1395]" pageId="1" pageNumber="188" value="2002-06-08">8 Jun 2002</date>
, M. Camargo &amp; T. Giarrizzo; 
<collectionCode id="ED2F8AA7AE76FFFAE63DFAD7FB9AFA9A" box="[1033,1111,1371,1395]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/90vz-swjg" name="Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi" pageId="1" pageNumber="188">MPEG</collectionCode>
7853, 5, 
<quantity id="4CC6BF87AE76FFFAE6FEFAD6FABCFA9B" box="[1226,1393,1370,1395]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8699999999999999" metricValueMax="2.53" metricValueMin="1.21" pageId="1" pageNumber="188" unit="mm" value="18.7" valueMax="25.3" valueMin="12.1">12.1–25.3 mm</quantity>
<collectionCode id="ED2F8AA7AE76FFFAE74FFAD7FA51FA9A" box="[1403,1436,1371,1395]" pageId="1" pageNumber="188">SL</collectionCode>
<collectingCountry id="F32952F2AE76FFFAE2A3FAF2FF13FA7E" box="[151,222,1406,1431]" name="Brazil" pageId="1" pageNumber="188">Brazil</collectingCountry>
, Pará, Rurópolis, Igarapé Negro, tributary of lower Rio Tapajós, at the BR-163 road, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE0A74A5AE76FFFAE6A2FAF3FACAFA7E" box="[1174,1287,1407,1431]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="188" precision="15" value="-4.2075">4°12'27&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE0A74A5AE76FFFAE73AFAF2FA5AFA7E" box="[1294,1431,1406,1431]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="188" precision="15" value="-55.5275">55°31'39&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<date id="FF8034A2AE76FFFAE2A3FA2FFEEEFA52" box="[151,291,1443,1467]" pageId="1" pageNumber="188" value="2002-06-14">14 Jun 2002</date>
, M. Camargo &amp; T. Giarrizzo.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32441E9AE76FFFAE2F3FA4AFF0EF916" pageId="1" pageNumber="188" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8B811262AE76FFFAE2F3FA4AFF0EF916" blockId="1.[151,1437,1190,2007]" pageId="1" pageNumber="188">
<emphasis id="B94ACE70AE76FFFAE2F3FA4AFE8CFA36" bold="true" box="[199,321,1478,1503]" pageId="1" pageNumber="188">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3E69E1AE76FFFAE378FA4AFDEEFA37" box="[332,547,1478,1502]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="188" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nana">
<emphasis id="B94ACE70AE76FFFAE378FA4AFDEEFA37" box="[332,547,1478,1502]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="188">Characidium nana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is distinguished from all congeners, except 
<taxonomicName id="4C3E69E1AE76FFFAE618FA4BFB79FA37" box="[1068,1204,1478,1502]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="188" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bahiense">
<emphasis id="B94ACE70AE76FFFAE618FA4BFB79FA37" box="[1068,1204,1478,1502]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="188">C. bahiense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C3E69E1AE76FFFAE6F2FA4BFABDFA37" box="[1222,1392,1479,1502]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="188" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="interruptum">
<emphasis id="B94ACE70AE76FFFAE6F2FA4BFABDFA37" box="[1222,1392,1479,1502]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="188">C. interruptum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C3E69E1AE76FFFAE7B6FA4BFF23F9EA" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="188" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="laterale">
<emphasis id="B94ACE70AE76FFFAE7B6FA4BFF23F9EA" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="188">C. laterale</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C3E69E1AE76FFFAE2C9FA67FEAFF9EB" box="[253,354,1515,1538]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="188" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mirim">
<emphasis id="B94ACE70AE76FFFAE2C9FA67FEAFF9EB" box="[253,354,1515,1538]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="188">C. mirim</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C3E69E1AE76FFFAE345FA67FE2AF9EA" box="[369,487,1515,1539]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="188" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nupelia">
<emphasis id="B94ACE70AE76FFFAE345FA67FE2AF9EA" box="[369,487,1515,1539]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="188">C. nupelia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C3E69E1AE76FFFAE3C2FA67FDB8F9EA" box="[502,629,1515,1539]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="188" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rachovii">
<emphasis id="B94ACE70AE76FFFAE3C2FA67FDB8F9EA" box="[502,629,1515,1539]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="188">C. rachovii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C3E69E1AE76FFFAE0B0FA67FCD3F9EB" box="[644,798,1515,1538]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="188" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="stigmosum">
<emphasis id="B94ACE70AE76FFFAE0B0FA67FCD3F9EB" box="[644,798,1515,1538]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="188">C. stigmosum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C3E69E1AE76FFFAE163FA67FC1DF9EB" box="[855,976,1515,1538]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="188" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="xavante">
<emphasis id="B94ACE70AE76FFFAE163FA67FC1DF9EB" box="[855,976,1515,1538]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="188">C. xavante</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the short, incomplete lateral line, the absence of the inner dentary series of teeth, and the absence of the parietal branch of the supraorbital laterosensory canal. The new species is distinguished from 
<taxonomicName id="4C3E69E1AE76FFFAE0BBF9BFFCD9F9A2" box="[655,788,1587,1611]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="188" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bahiense">
<emphasis id="B94ACE70AE76FFFAE0BBF9BFFCD9F9A2" box="[655,788,1587,1611]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="188">C. bahiense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C3E69E1AE76FFFAE114F9BFFC0BF9A3" box="[800,966,1587,1610]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="188" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="interruptum">
<emphasis id="B94ACE70AE76FFFAE114F9BFFC0BF9A3" box="[800,966,1587,1610]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="188">C. interruptum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C3E69E1AE76FFFAE1E0F9BFFB86F9A2" box="[980,1099,1587,1611]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="188" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="laterale">
<emphasis id="B94ACE70AE76FFFAE1E0F9BFFB86F9A2" box="[980,1099,1587,1611]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="188">C. laterale</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C3E69E1AE76FFFAE6B4F9BFFB33F9A2" box="[1152,1278,1587,1611]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="188" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rachvoii">
<emphasis id="B94ACE70AE76FFFAE6B4F9BFFB33F9A2" box="[1152,1278,1587,1611]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="188">C. rachvoii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the lack of the adipose fin (
<emphasis id="B94ACE70AE76FFFAE36BF9DBFEB3F987" box="[351,382,1623,1646]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="188">vs.</emphasis>
adipose fin present); from 
<taxonomicName id="4C3E69E1AE76FFFAE0FAF9DAFC7FF987" box="[718,946,1622,1646]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="188" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mirim">
<emphasis id="B94ACE70AE76FFFAE0FAF9DAFC7FF987" box="[718,946,1622,1646]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="188">Characidium mirim</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C3E69E1AE76FFFAE1C2F9DBFB58F987" box="[1014,1173,1623,1646]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="188" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="stigmosum">
<emphasis id="B94ACE70AE76FFFAE1C2F9DBFB58F987" box="[1014,1173,1623,1646]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="188">C. stigmosum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the presence of a conspicuous dark blotch onto the caudal peduncle (
<emphasis id="B94ACE70AE76FFFAE0EAF9F7FD38F97B" box="[734,757,1659,1682]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="188">vs</emphasis>
. caudal blotch absent); and from 
<taxonomicName id="4C3E69E1AE76FFFAE640F9F7FB27F97A" box="[1140,1258,1659,1683]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="188" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nupelia">
<emphasis id="B94ACE70AE76FFFAE640F9F7FB27F97A" box="[1140,1258,1659,1683]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="188">C. nupelia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C3E69E1AE76FFFAE717F9F7FA51F97B" box="[1315,1436,1659,1682]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="188" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="xavante">
<emphasis id="B94ACE70AE76FFFAE717F9F7FA51F97B" box="[1315,1436,1659,1682]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="188">C. xavante</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the presence of a broad, conspicuous dark midlateral stripe (
<emphasis id="B94ACE70AE76FFFAE1A2F913FC60F95F" box="[918,941,1695,1718]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="188">vs</emphasis>
. narrow, inconspicuous midlateral stripe). 
<taxonomicName id="4C3E69E1AE76FFFAE2A3F94FFEA4F933" box="[151,361,1731,1755]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="188" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nana">
<emphasis id="B94ACE70AE76FFFAE2A3F94FFEA4F933" box="[151,361,1731,1755]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="188">Characidium nana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be further distinguished from 
<taxonomicName id="4C3E69E1AE76FFFAE0DDF94FFCADF933" box="[745,864,1731,1754]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="188" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="xavante">
<emphasis id="B94ACE70AE76FFFAE0DDF94FFCADF933" box="[745,864,1731,1754]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="188">C. xavante</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the presence of 12 circumpeduncular scales (
<emphasis id="B94ACE70AE76FFFAE749F94FFA59F933" box="[1405,1428,1731,1754]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="188">vs</emphasis>
. 10).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32441E9AE76FFF8E2F3F886FAADFA00" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="190" pageId="1" pageNumber="188" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B811262AE76FFF9E2F3F886FECDFF3C" blockId="1.[151,1437,1190,2007]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1436,151,213]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="189" pageId="1" pageNumber="188">
<emphasis id="B94ACE70AE76FFFAE2F3F886FE94F8CA" bold="true" box="[199,345,1802,1827]" pageId="1" pageNumber="188">Description.</emphasis>
Morphometric data summarized in 
<tableCitation id="C6BC27D9AE76FFFAE0C5F886FC8BF8CA" box="[753,838,1802,1827]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,239,260,283]" captionTargetBox="[159,1393,310,1318]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="TABLE 1. Morphometrics of Characidium nana. SD = Standart Deviation." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF4142EAAE75FFF9E2A3FE88FC7BFEF2" pageId="1" pageNumber="188" tableUuid="DF4142EAAE75FFF9E2A3FE88FC7BFEF2">Table 1</tableCitation>
. Body compressed, greatest body depth at dorsal fin origin. In dorsal view, snout convex and robust; body width increasing from posterior margin of orbit to end of opercle, becoming narrower from that point to caudal-fin insertion. Dorsal profile nearly straight from tip of snout to posterior margin of posterior nostril, convex from that point to first pre-dorsal scale, slightly convex from that point to dorsal-fin terminus, concave, nearly straight, from that point to caudal-fin insertion. Ventral profile convex between tip of lower jaw and pectoral-fin insertion, straight to slightly convex from that point to pelvic-fin insertion, moderately ascending from the latter point to last anal-fin ray, concave from that point to caudal-fin insertion.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF4142EAAE75FFF9E2A3FE88FC7BFEF2" ID-Table-UUID="DF4142EAAE75FFF9E2A3FE88FC7BFEF2" box="[151,950,259,283]" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF4142EAAE75FFF9E2A3FE88FC7BFEF2" pageId="2" pageNumber="189" targetBox="[159,1393,310,1318]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="8B811262AE75FFF9E2A3FE88FC7BFEF2" blockId="2.[151,950,259,283]" box="[151,950,259,283]" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">
<emphasis id="B94ACE70AE75FFF9E2A3FE88FECEFEF2" bold="true" box="[151,259,260,283]" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">TABLE 1</emphasis>
. Morphometrics of 
<taxonomicName id="4C3E69E1AE75FFF9E3ECFE8FFD6CFEF2" box="[472,673,259,283]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="189" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nana">
<emphasis id="B94ACE70AE75FFF9E3ECFE8FFD6CFEF2" box="[472,673,259,283]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">Characidium nana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. SD= Standart Deviation.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B811262AE75FFF9E0F0FEBAFABCFACF" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">
<table id="F93EE0C2AE750004E2ABFEBAFABCFACF" box="[159,1393,310,1318]" gridcols="6" gridrows="24" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">
<tr id="350E1020AE750004E2ABFEBAFABCFEA5" box="[159,1393,310,332]" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="189" rowspan-0="1">
<th id="76DF795CAE750004E0F7FEBAFCEFFEA5" box="[707,802,310,332]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">Holotype</th>
<th id="76DF795CAE750004E1AAFEBAFB8EFEA5" box="[926,1091,310,332]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">Range</th>
<th id="76DF795CAE750004E64FFEBAFB78FEA5" box="[1147,1205,310,332]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">Mean</th>
<th id="76DF795CAE750004E6C2FEBAFAC2FEA5" box="[1270,1295,310,332]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">N</th>
<th id="76DF795CAE750004E765FEBAFABCFEA5" box="[1361,1393,310,332]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">SD</th>
</tr>
<tr id="350E1020AE750004E2ABFEECFABCFE9F" box="[159,1393,352,374]" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="189" rowspan-5="1">
<th id="76DF795CAE750004E2ABFEECFE15FE9F" box="[159,472,352,374]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">Total length (mm)</th>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E0F7FEECFCEFFE9F" box="[707,802,352,374]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">26.5</td>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E1AAFEECFB8EFE9F" box="[926,1091,352,374]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">17.9 – 27.3</td>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E64FFEECFB78FE9F" box="[1147,1205,352,374]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">21.0</td>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E6C2FEECFAC2FE9F" box="[1270,1295,352,374]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">23</td>
</tr>
<tr id="350E1020AE750004E2ABFE05FABCFE76" box="[159,1393,393,415]" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="189" rowspan-5="1">
<th id="76DF795CAE750004E2ABFE05FE15FE76" box="[159,472,393,415]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">Standard length (mm)</th>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E0F7FE05FCEFFE76" box="[707,802,393,415]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">21.5</td>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E1AAFE05FB8EFE76" box="[926,1091,393,415]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">14.0 – 21.5</td>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E64FFE05FB78FE76" box="[1147,1205,393,415]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">16.7</td>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E6C2FE05FAC2FE76" box="[1270,1295,393,415]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">25</td>
</tr>
<tr id="350E1020AE750004E2ABFE3EFABCFE21" box="[159,1393,434,456]" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="189" rowspan-5="1">
<th id="76DF795CAE750004E2ABFE3EFE15FE21" box="[159,472,434,456]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">Head length (mm)</th>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E0F7FE3EFCEFFE21" box="[707,802,434,456]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">5.6</td>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E1AAFE3EFB8EFE21" box="[926,1091,434,456]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">4.1 – 5.8</td>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E64FFE3EFB78FE21" box="[1147,1205,434,456]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">4.6</td>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E6C2FE3EFAC2FE21" box="[1270,1295,434,456]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">25</td>
</tr>
<tr id="350E1020AE750004E2ABFE50FABCFE1B" box="[159,1393,476,498]" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="189" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1">
<th id="76DF795CAE750004E2ABFE50FE15FE1B" box="[159,472,476,498]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">Percentage of SL</th>
</tr>
<tr id="350E1020AE750004E2ABFD9AFABCFDC5" box="[159,1393,534,556]" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">
<th id="76DF795CAE750004E2ABFD9AFE15FDC5" box="[159,472,534,556]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">Body depth at dorsal-fin origin</th>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E0F7FD9AFCEFFDC5" box="[707,802,534,556]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">24.8</td>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E1AAFD9AFB8EFDC5" box="[926,1091,534,556]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">20.6 – 25.1</td>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E64FFD9AFB78FDC5" box="[1147,1205,534,556]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">22.9</td>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E6C2FD9AFAC2FDC5" box="[1270,1295,534,556]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">25</td>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E765FD9AFABCFDC5" box="[1361,1393,534,556]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">1.4</td>
</tr>
<tr id="350E1020AE750004E2ABFDCCFABCFDBF" box="[159,1393,576,598]" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">
<th id="76DF795CAE750004E2ABFDCCFE15FDBF" box="[159,472,576,598]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">Body depth at anal-fin origin</th>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E0F7FDCCFCEFFDBF" box="[707,802,576,598]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">16.2</td>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E1AAFDCCFB8EFDBF" box="[926,1091,576,598]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">12.9 – 16.2</td>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E64FFDCCFB78FDBF" box="[1147,1205,576,598]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">15.0</td>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E6C2FDCCFAC2FDBF" box="[1270,1295,576,598]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">24</td>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E765FDCCFABCFDBF" box="[1361,1393,576,598]" gridcol="5" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">1.0</td>
</tr>
<tr id="350E1020AE750004E2ABFDE5FABCFD96" box="[159,1393,617,639]" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">
<th id="76DF795CAE750004E2ABFDE5FE15FD96" box="[159,472,617,639]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">Body depth at caudal peduncle</th>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E0F7FDE5FCEFFD96" box="[707,802,617,639]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">10.2</td>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E1AAFDE5FB8EFD96" box="[926,1091,617,639]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">8.5 – 11.1</td>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E64FFDE5FB78FD96" box="[1147,1205,617,639]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">10.2</td>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E6C2FDE5FAC2FD96" box="[1270,1295,617,639]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">25</td>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E765FDE5FABCFD96" box="[1361,1393,617,639]" gridcol="5" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">0.7</td>
</tr>
<tr id="350E1020AE750004E2ABFD1FFABCFD40" box="[159,1393,659,681]" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">
<th id="76DF795CAE750004E2ABFD1FFE15FD40" box="[159,472,659,681]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">Head length</th>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E0F7FD1FFCEFFD40" box="[707,802,659,681]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">25.9</td>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E1AAFD1FFB8EFD40" box="[926,1091,659,681]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">25.9 – 29.4</td>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E64FFD1FFB78FD40" box="[1147,1205,659,681]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">27.8</td>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E6C2FD1FFAC2FD40" box="[1270,1295,659,681]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">25</td>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E765FD1FFABCFD40" box="[1361,1393,659,681]" gridcol="5" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">0.8</td>
</tr>
<tr id="350E1020AE750004E2ABFD30FABCFD3B" box="[159,1393,700,722]" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">
<th id="76DF795CAE750004E2ABFD30FE15FD3B" box="[159,472,700,722]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">Caudal peduncle length</th>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E0F7FD30FCEFFD3B" box="[707,802,700,722]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">17.3</td>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E1AAFD30FB8EFD3B" box="[926,1091,700,722]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">16.3 – 21.7</td>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E64FFD30FB78FD3B" box="[1147,1205,700,722]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">19.3</td>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E6C2FD30FAC2FD3B" box="[1270,1295,700,722]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">25</td>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E765FD30FABCFD3B" box="[1361,1393,700,722]" gridcol="5" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">1.3</td>
</tr>
<tr id="350E1020AE750004E2ABFD69FABCFD12" box="[159,1393,741,763]" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">
<th id="76DF795CAE750004E2ABFD69FE15FD12" box="[159,472,741,763]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">Preanal distance</th>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E0F7FD69FCEFFD12" box="[707,802,741,763]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">71.4</td>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E1AAFD69FB8EFD12" box="[926,1091,741,763]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">71.3 – 76.4</td>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E64FFD69FB78FD12" box="[1147,1205,741,763]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">73.2</td>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E6C2FD69FAC2FD12" box="[1270,1295,741,763]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">25</td>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E765FD69FABCFD12" box="[1361,1393,741,763]" gridcol="5" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">1.4</td>
</tr>
<tr id="350E1020AE750004E2ABFC82FABCFCCD" box="[159,1393,782,804]" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">
<th id="76DF795CAE750004E2ABFC82FE15FCCD" box="[159,472,782,804]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">Predorsal distance</th>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E0F7FC82FCEFFCCD" box="[707,802,782,804]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">47.5</td>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E1AAFC82FB8EFCCD" box="[926,1091,782,804]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">47.5 – 51.1</td>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E64FFC82FB78FCCD" box="[1147,1205,782,804]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">49.0</td>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E6C2FC82FAC2FCCD" box="[1270,1295,782,804]" gridcol="4" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">25</td>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E765FC82FABCFCCD" box="[1361,1393,782,804]" gridcol="5" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">0.8</td>
</tr>
<tr id="350E1020AE750004E2ABFCB4FABCFCA7" box="[159,1393,824,846]" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">
<th id="76DF795CAE750004E2ABFCB4FE15FCA7" box="[159,472,824,846]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">Prepectoral distance</th>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E0F7FCB4FCEFFCA7" box="[707,802,824,846]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">26.7</td>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E1AAFCB4FB8EFCA7" box="[926,1091,824,846]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">26.3 – 30.5</td>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E64FFCB4FB78FCA7" box="[1147,1205,824,846]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">28.2</td>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E6C2FCB4FAC2FCA7" box="[1270,1295,824,846]" gridcol="4" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">25</td>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E765FCB4FABCFCA7" box="[1361,1393,824,846]" gridcol="5" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">1.1</td>
</tr>
<tr id="350E1020AE750004E2ABFCEDFABCFC9E" box="[159,1393,865,887]" gridrow="13" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">
<th id="76DF795CAE750004E2ABFCEDFE15FC9E" box="[159,472,865,887]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">Prepelvic distance</th>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E0F7FCEDFCEFFC9E" box="[707,802,865,887]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">47.9</td>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E1AAFCEDFB8EFC9E" box="[926,1091,865,887]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">47.4 – 52.7</td>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E64FFCEDFB78FC9E" box="[1147,1205,865,887]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">50.4</td>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E6C2FCEDFAC2FC9E" box="[1270,1295,865,887]" gridcol="4" gridrow="13" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">25</td>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E765FCEDFABCFC9E" box="[1361,1393,865,887]" gridcol="5" gridrow="13" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">1.5</td>
</tr>
<tr id="350E1020AE750004E2ABFC07FABCFC48" box="[159,1393,907,929]" gridrow="14" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">
<th id="76DF795CAE750004E2ABFC07FE15FC48" box="[159,472,907,929]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">Anal-apex distance</th>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E0F7FC07FCEFFC48" box="[707,802,907,929]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">87.9</td>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E1AAFC07FB8EFC48" box="[926,1091,907,929]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">87.9 – 92.5</td>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E64FFC07FB78FC48" box="[1147,1205,907,929]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">89.8</td>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E6C2FC07FAC2FC48" box="[1270,1295,907,929]" gridcol="4" gridrow="14" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">24</td>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E765FC07FABCFC48" box="[1361,1393,907,929]" gridcol="5" gridrow="14" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">1.4</td>
</tr>
<tr id="350E1020AE750004E2ABFC38FABCFC23" box="[159,1393,948,970]" gridrow="15" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">
<th id="76DF795CAE750004E2ABFC38FE15FC23" box="[159,472,948,970]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">Body width</th>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E0F7FC38FCEFFC23" box="[707,802,948,970]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">10.2</td>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E1AAFC38FB8EFC23" box="[926,1091,948,970]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">9.1 – 11.6</td>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E64FFC38FB78FC23" box="[1147,1205,948,970]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">10.4</td>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E6C2FC38FAC2FC23" box="[1270,1295,948,970]" gridcol="4" gridrow="15" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">25</td>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E765FC38FABCFC23" box="[1361,1393,948,970]" gridcol="5" gridrow="15" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">0.8</td>
</tr>
<tr id="350E1020AE750004E2ABFC51FABCFC1A" box="[159,1393,989,1011]" gridrow="16" pageId="2" pageNumber="189" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1">
<th id="76DF795CAE750004E2ABFC51FE15FC1A" box="[159,472,989,1011]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">Percentage of HL</th>
</tr>
<tr id="350E1020AE750004E2ABFB94FABCFBC7" box="[159,1393,1048,1070]" gridrow="17" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">
<th id="76DF795CAE750004E2ABFB94FE15FBC7" box="[159,472,1048,1070]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">Snout length</th>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E0F7FB94FCEFFBC7" box="[707,802,1048,1070]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">20.8</td>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E1AAFB94FB8EFBC7" box="[926,1091,1048,1070]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">19.0 – 23.1</td>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E64FFB94FB78FBC7" box="[1147,1205,1048,1070]" gridcol="3" gridrow="17" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">20.6</td>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E6C2FB94FAC2FBC7" box="[1270,1295,1048,1070]" gridcol="4" gridrow="17" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">25</td>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E765FB94FABCFBC7" box="[1361,1393,1048,1070]" gridcol="5" gridrow="17" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">1.1</td>
</tr>
<tr id="350E1020AE750004E2ABFBCDFABCFBBE" box="[159,1393,1089,1111]" gridrow="18" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">
<th id="76DF795CAE750004E2ABFBCDFE15FBBE" box="[159,472,1089,1111]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">Orbital diameter</th>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E0F7FBCDFCEFFBBE" box="[707,802,1089,1111]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">36.4</td>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E1AAFBCDFB8EFBBE" box="[926,1091,1089,1111]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">36.4 – 42.1</td>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E64FFBCDFB78FBBE" box="[1147,1205,1089,1111]" gridcol="3" gridrow="18" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">38.6</td>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E6C2FBCDFAC2FBBE" box="[1270,1295,1089,1111]" gridcol="4" gridrow="18" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">25</td>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E765FBCDFABCFBBE" box="[1361,1393,1089,1111]" gridcol="5" gridrow="18" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">1.7</td>
</tr>
<tr id="350E1020AE750004E2ABFBE7FABCFB68" box="[159,1393,1131,1153]" gridrow="19" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">
<th id="76DF795CAE750004E2ABFBE7FE15FB68" box="[159,472,1131,1153]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">Cheek depth</th>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E0F7FBE7FCEFFB68" box="[707,802,1131,1153]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">8.1</td>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E1AAFBE7FB8EFB68" box="[926,1091,1131,1153]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">7.5 – 12.0</td>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E64FFBE7FB78FB68" box="[1147,1205,1131,1153]" gridcol="3" gridrow="19" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">9.7</td>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E6C2FBE7FAC2FB68" box="[1270,1295,1131,1153]" gridcol="4" gridrow="19" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">25</td>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E765FBE7FABCFB68" box="[1361,1393,1131,1153]" gridcol="5" gridrow="19" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">1.3</td>
</tr>
<tr id="350E1020AE750004E2ABFB18FABCFB43" box="[159,1393,1172,1194]" gridrow="20" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">
<th id="76DF795CAE750004E2ABFB18FE15FB43" box="[159,472,1172,1194]" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">Anterior naris–orbit</th>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E0F7FB18FCEFFB43" box="[707,802,1172,1194]" gridcol="1" gridrow="20" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">9.7</td>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E1AAFB18FB8EFB43" box="[926,1091,1172,1194]" gridcol="2" gridrow="20" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">6.2 – 9.8</td>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E64FFB18FB78FB43" box="[1147,1205,1172,1194]" gridcol="3" gridrow="20" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">8.4</td>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E6C2FB18FAC2FB43" box="[1270,1295,1172,1194]" gridcol="4" gridrow="20" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">25</td>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E765FB18FABCFB43" box="[1361,1393,1172,1194]" gridcol="5" gridrow="20" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">1.0</td>
</tr>
<tr id="350E1020AE750004E2ABFB31FABCFB3A" box="[159,1393,1213,1235]" gridrow="21" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">
<th id="76DF795CAE750004E2ABFB31FE15FB3A" box="[159,472,1213,1235]" gridcol="0" gridrow="21" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">Posterior naris–orbit</th>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E0F7FB31FCEFFB3A" box="[707,802,1213,1235]" gridcol="1" gridrow="21" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">3.1</td>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E1AAFB31FB8EFB3A" box="[926,1091,1213,1235]" gridcol="2" gridrow="21" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">2.2 – 4.4</td>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E64FFB31FB78FB3A" box="[1147,1205,1213,1235]" gridcol="3" gridrow="21" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">3.3</td>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E6C2FB31FAC2FB3A" box="[1270,1295,1213,1235]" gridcol="4" gridrow="21" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">25</td>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E765FB31FABCFB3A" box="[1361,1393,1213,1235]" gridcol="5" gridrow="21" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">0.6</td>
</tr>
<tr id="350E1020AE750004E2ABFB6BFABCFB14" box="[159,1393,1255,1277]" gridrow="22" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">
<th id="76DF795CAE750004E2ABFB6BFE15FB14" box="[159,472,1255,1277]" gridcol="0" gridrow="22" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">Snout–maxillary tip</th>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E0F7FB6BFCEFFB14" box="[707,802,1255,1277]" gridcol="1" gridrow="22" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">21.9</td>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E1AAFB6BFB8EFB14" box="[926,1091,1255,1277]" gridcol="2" gridrow="22" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">20.5 – 24.7</td>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E64FFB6BFB78FB14" box="[1147,1205,1255,1277]" gridcol="3" gridrow="22" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">22.4</td>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E6C2FB6BFAC2FB14" box="[1270,1295,1255,1277]" gridcol="4" gridrow="22" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">25</td>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E765FB6BFABCFB14" box="[1361,1393,1255,1277]" gridcol="5" gridrow="22" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">1.2</td>
</tr>
<tr id="350E1020AE750004E2ABFA9CFABCFACF" box="[159,1393,1296,1318]" gridrow="23" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">
<th id="76DF795CAE750004E2ABFA9CFE15FACF" box="[159,472,1296,1318]" gridcol="0" gridrow="23" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">Interorbital distance</th>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E0F7FA9CFCEFFACF" box="[707,802,1296,1318]" gridcol="1" gridrow="23" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">28.4</td>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E1AAFA9CFB8EFACF" box="[926,1091,1296,1318]" gridcol="2" gridrow="23" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">26.3 – 31.3</td>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E64FFA9CFB78FACF" box="[1147,1205,1296,1318]" gridcol="3" gridrow="23" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">28.8</td>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E6C2FA9CFAC2FACF" box="[1270,1295,1296,1318]" gridcol="4" gridrow="23" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">25</td>
<td id="76DF795CAE750004E765FA9CFABCFACF" box="[1361,1393,1296,1318]" gridcol="5" gridrow="23" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">1.4</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF4142EAAE75FFF9E2A3F88BFE25F8D2" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/241374/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="189" targetBox="[151,1436,1392,1777]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="8B811262AE75FFF9E2A3F88BFE25F8D2" blockId="2.[151,1435,1799,1851]" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">
<emphasis id="B94ACE70AE75FFF9E2A3F88BFEDBF8F5" bold="true" box="[151,278,1799,1821]" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3E69E1AE75FFF9E314F88BFE2FF8F4" box="[288,482,1799,1821]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="189" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nana">
<emphasis id="B94ACE70AE75FFF9E314F88BFE2FF8F4" box="[288,482,1799,1821]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">Characidium nana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, holotype, MPEG 31838, 21.5 mm SL, from Rio 13 de Maio, approximately 40 km from Castelo dos Sonhos, Pará, Brazil.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B811262AE75FFF8E2F3F8EFFCBFFF11" blockId="2.[151,1437,1891,2024]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1437,151,2018]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="190" pageId="2" pageNumber="189">Mouth small, terminal. Maxilla reaching vertical through anterior margin of orbit. Premaxilla with single row of 6 (2), 7 (2) or 8 (1) conical teeth gradually decreasing in size laterally. Maxilla edentulous. Dentary with single row of 8 (3) or 9 (2) conical teeth gradually decreasing in size posteriorly. Single row of 4 (1), 6 (1) or 7 (3) ectopterygoid teeth. Mesopterygoid edentulous. Nostrils separated by fleshy bridge, without dermal flaps; posterior nostril circular, closer to eye than to anterior nostril; anterior nostril smaller than posterior. Dorsal cranial fontanel reduced, bordered by posterior portion of parietals and supraoccipital. Branchiostegal rays 4 (5); 3 attached to anterior ceratohyal (5), and 1 attached to posterior ceratohyal (5).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B811262AE74FFF8E2F3FE88FE46FE26" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2018]" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">Scales cycloid, with usually three radii originating at same point on anterior margin of scale, and at least two radii originating at second third of scale, lying dorsally and ventrally to central bundle of radii; all reaching posterior border of scale. Lateral line longitudinal series with 30 (1), 31 (3), 32* (7), 33 (6), 34 (4), or 35 (1) scales, of which 5 (4), 6 (9), 7 (10), 8 (1), or 9* (1) are perforated. Circumpeduncular scales 12* (23). Four series of scales above and below lateral line. Scales in pre-dorsal series 8 (1) or 9* (23). Isthmus completely scaled. Pelvic-fin axillary scale present.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B811262AE74FFF8E2F3FE50FB5BFCB6" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2018]" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">Pectoral-fin rays iii,5 (1), ii,6* (18), or ii,7 (6); lateralmost ray originating at vertical through second lateral line scale; tip of pectoral fin surpassing basipterygium when adpressed to body, but not reaching pelvic-fin insertion; third and fourth rays longest. Pelvic-fin rays i,8* (24), or ii,8 (1); lateralmost pelvic-fin ray originating at vertical opposition between third and fourth dorsal-fin ray; second and third rays longest, with their tips reaching anal-fin insertion. Supraneurals 4 (5) anterior to neural spine of centra 5 to 8. Dorsal-fin rays ii,9* (20), iii,9 (3), i,10 (1), ii,10 (1); origin at vertical through of 11th scale of lateral series; when adpressed against body, tip reaching vertical through anal-fin insertion; fourth and fifth rays longest; first pterygiophore posterior to neural spine of centrum 9 (2) or 10 (3). Adipose fin absent. Anal-fin rays i,7 (1), i,8* (1), ii,6 (4), ii,7 (9), or ii,8 (10); fifth and sixth rays longest; first pterygiophore inserted posterior to haemal spine of centrum 20. Caudal-fin rays i,9/8,i (25). Distal portion of all fins slightly rounded; caudal fin forked, with rounded, similar in length lobes. Precaudal vertebrae 18 (2) or 19 (3), caudal vertebrae 13 (3) or 14 (2), total vertebrae 32 (3) or 33 (2).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B811262AE74FFF8E2F3FCE6FC2CFA2F" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2018]" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">
<emphasis id="B94ACE70AE74FFF8E2F3FCE6FE47FC6A" bold="true" box="[199,394,874,899]" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">Color in alcohol</emphasis>
. Background color of head and body pale yellow. Disperse chromatophores on mid-dorsal area of head, and anterior and posterior margins of orbit. Concentration of chromatophores on upper lip, and area between nostrils, forming clear v- or y-shaped pattern. Sides of head gradually lighter ventrally, except on longitudinal stripe. Longitudinal stripe extending from tip of snout to posterior margin of opercle. Opercular membrane hyaline. Midlateral longitudinal stripe extending onto body from rear of head to base of median caudalfin rays overlapping caudal blotch, except in five specimens smaller than 
<quantity id="4CC6BF87AE74FFF8E1E7FB92FBFAFBDE" box="[979,1079,1054,1079]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.67" pageId="3" pageNumber="190" unit="mm" value="16.7">16.7 mm</quantity>
SL in which longitudinal stripe only reaches near caudal blotch; stripe depth ranging from one to two scales. Sides of body with few, scattered chromatophores ventral to longitudinal stripe. Humeral blotch absent, or overlapped by longitudinal stripe. Vertical bars on sides of body 9 (1), 10 (2), 11 (7), 12 (6), 13 (2), 14 (3) or 15* (4); bars anterior to dorsal-fin origin 3 (1), 4 (5), 5 (14) or 6* (3); bars along dorsal-fin base 1 (13), 2* (9) or 4 (1); and bars between dorsal-fin terminus and distal tip of caudal peduncle 4 (2), 5 (11), 6* (7), 7 (2) or 8 (1). Ventral tip of vertical bars usually not reaching longitudinal stripe, except those posterior to anal-fin origin, rarely reaching ventral portion of body. In ventral view, dark stripe originating at insertion of medialmost pelvic-fin ray, extending to anal fin, rarely reaching 5th analfin ray. Dark, conspicuous caudal blotch present at distal portion of caudal peduncle, extending onto base of median caudal-fin rays. Pectoral, pelvic and anal fins mostly hyaline, with rays bordered internally by few chromatophores. Dorsal fin with inconspicuous dark band on median portion of rays and intervening membranes. Caudal fin with vertical bar at base of largest procurrent and principal rays.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B811262AE74FFF8E2F3FA5DFAADFA00" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2018]" box="[199,1376,1489,1514]" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">
<emphasis id="B94ACE70AE74FFF8E2F3FA5DFE62FA03" bold="true" box="[199,431,1489,1514]" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">Sexual dimorphism</emphasis>
. No secondary sexual characters were observed in specimens of 
<taxonomicName id="4C3E69E1AE74FFF8E6B2FA5DFA94FA00" box="[1158,1369,1489,1513]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="190" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nana">
<emphasis id="B94ACE70AE74FFF8E6B2FA5DFA94FA00" box="[1158,1369,1489,1513]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">Characidium nana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32441E9AE74FFF8E2F3FA79FF78F9BF" pageId="3" pageNumber="190" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B811262AE74FFF8E2F3FA79FF78F9BF" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2018]" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">
<emphasis id="B94ACE70AE74FFF8E2F3FA79FE94F9E7" bold="true" box="[199,345,1525,1550]" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">Distribution</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C3E69E1AE74FFF8E353FA79FDF6F9E4" box="[359,571,1525,1549]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="190" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nana">
<emphasis id="B94ACE70AE74FFF8E353FA79FDF6F9E4" box="[359,571,1525,1549]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">Characidium nana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is known from the Rio 13 de Maio, in the Rio Curuá, at Serra do Cachimbo, and the Rio Parazinho, both in the Rio Xingu drainage, and from Igarapé Negro, in the Rio Tapajós drainage (
<figureCitation id="13050EE7AE74FFF8E75BF995FF65F9BF" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1941,1963]" captionTargetBox="[210,1390,331,1876]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,301,1920]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Map of Rio Tapajós and Rio Xingu, and adjoining areas, showing distribution of Characidium nana. White circle indicates the type locality." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/241375/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32441E9AE74FFF8E2F3F9EDFD1CF977" pageId="3" pageNumber="190" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8B811262AE74FFF8E2F3F9EDFD1CF977" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2018]" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">
<emphasis id="B94ACE70AE74FFF8E2F3F9EDFE8BF993" bold="true" box="[199,326,1633,1658]" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">Etymology</emphasis>
. Named in honor of Mariana Barreira Mendonça, the first author’s sister, known by her family and friends as “ 
<taxonomicName id="4C3E69E1AE74FFF8E321F90AFE9AF977" box="[277,343,1670,1694]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="194" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nana">Naná</taxonomicName>
”. Treated as a noun in apposition.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32441E9AE74FFFFE2F3F925FC07FF1E" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="191" pageId="3" pageNumber="190" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B811262AE74FFF8E2F3F925FA51F808" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2018]" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">
<emphasis id="B94ACE70AE74FFF8E2F3F925FEF6F92B" bold="true" box="[199,315,1705,1730]" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">Remarks.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3E69E1AE74FFF8E376F925FDD8F928" box="[322,533,1705,1729]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="190" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nana">
<emphasis id="B94ACE70AE74FFF8E376F925FDD8F928" box="[322,533,1705,1729]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">Characidium nana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
shares with its congeners the presence of a basicaudal dot described by 
<bibRefCitation id="EFAF6F93AE74FFF8E771F925FF23F90F" author="Buckup" pageId="3" pageNumber="190" refString="Buckup, P. A. (1993 a) Phylogeny, interrelationships and reproductive evolution of Neotropical characidiin fishes (Characiformes, Ostariophysi). Cladistics, 9, 305 - 341." type="journal article" year="1993" yearSuffix="a">Buckup (1993a)</bibRefCitation>
as the sole synapomorphy for the genus 
<taxonomicName id="4C3E69E1AE74FFF8E0FEF941FC93F90C" box="[714,862,1741,1765]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="190" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94ACE70AE74FFF8E0FEF941FC93F90C" box="[714,862,1741,1765]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">Characidium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The species described herein presents two of the three diagnostic characters defining the C4 clade: the absence of the inner series of dentary teeth and the absence of the parietal branch of the supraorbital laterosensory canal. However, it has a polymorphic condition on the number of vertical bars on the body, where 
<taxonomicName id="4C3E69E1AE74FFF8E014F8B5FD3FF8B8" box="[544,754,1849,1873]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="190" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nana">
<emphasis id="B94ACE70AE74FFF8E014F8B5FD3FF8B8" box="[544,754,1849,1873]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">Characidium nana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has 9–15 vertical bars, fitting both character states described by 
<bibRefCitation id="EFAF6F93AE74FFF8E28EF8D1FEBDF89F" author="Buckup" box="[186,368,1885,1910]" pageId="3" pageNumber="190" refString="Buckup, P. A. (1993 a) Phylogeny, interrelationships and reproductive evolution of Neotropical characidiin fishes (Characiformes, Ostariophysi). Cladistics, 9, 305 - 341." type="journal article" year="1993" yearSuffix="a">Buckup (1993a)</bibRefCitation>
and 
<bibRefCitation id="EFAF6F93AE74FFF8E393F8D1FD15F89F" box="[423,728,1885,1910]" pageId="3" pageNumber="190" refString="Netto-Ferreira, A. L., Birindelli, J. L. O. &amp; Buckup, P. A. (2013) A new miniature species of Characidium Reinhardt (Ostariophysi: Characiformes: Crenuchidae) from the headwaters of the rio Araguaia, Brazil. Zootaxa, 3664 (3), 361 - 368. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3664.3.6" type="journal article">
Netto-Ferreira 
<emphasis id="B94ACE70AE74FFF8E07AF8D2FD4DF89C" box="[590,640,1885,1909]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">et al</emphasis>
. (2013)
</bibRefCitation>
(less than 12 
<emphasis id="B94ACE70AE74FFF8E141F8D2FC41F89C" box="[885,908,1886,1909]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">vs</emphasis>
. more than 12 vertical bars). The phylogenetic analysis (
<figureCitation id="13050EE7AE74FFF8E330F80DFE84F873" box="[260,329,1921,1946]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1658,1680]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,186,1634]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,181,1636]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Single most parsimonious tree (13 steps – CI 0.69; RI 0.87) obtained from the analysis of a modified version of the data matrix from Netto-Ferreira et al. (2013), with the inclusion of Characidium hasemani and C. steindachneri as additional outgroups, and the new species C. nana. Zero length branches are collapsed." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/241376/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
) yielded a single tree (13 steps) resulting in 
<taxonomicName id="4C3E69E1AE74FFF8E16DF80DFBE2F870" box="[857,1071,1921,1945]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="190" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nana">
<emphasis id="B94ACE70AE74FFF8E16DF80DFBE2F870" box="[857,1071,1921,1945]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">Characidium nana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as the sister species of a clade comprising 
<taxonomicName id="4C3E69E1AE74FFF8E315F82AFE57F854" box="[289,410,1957,1981]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="190" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nupelia">
<emphasis id="B94ACE70AE74FFF8E315F82AFE57F854" box="[289,410,1957,1981]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">C. nupelia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C3E69E1AE74FFF8E399F82AFDE7F854" box="[429,554,1958,1981]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="190" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="xavante">
<emphasis id="B94ACE70AE74FFF8E399F82AFDE7F854" box="[429,554,1958,1981]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">C. xavante</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C3E69E1AE74FFF8E008F82AFD68F854" box="[572,677,1958,1981]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="190" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mirim">
<emphasis id="B94ACE70AE74FFF8E008F82AFD68F854" box="[572,677,1958,1981]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">C. mirim</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C3E69E1AE74FFF8E08CF82AFC98F854" box="[696,853,1958,1981]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="190" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="stigmosum">
<emphasis id="B94ACE70AE74FFF8E08CF82AFC98F854" box="[696,853,1958,1981]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">C. stigmosum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C3E69E1AE74FFF8E15CF82AFC26F854" box="[872,1003,1957,1981]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="190" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rachovii">
<emphasis id="B94ACE70AE74FFF8E15CF82AFC26F854" box="[872,1003,1957,1981]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">C. rachovii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C3E69E1AE74FFF8E1CAF82AFB68F854" box="[1022,1189,1957,1981]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="190" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="occidentale">
<emphasis id="B94ACE70AE74FFF8E1CAF82AFB68F854" box="[1022,1189,1957,1981]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">C. occidentale</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C3E69E1AE74FFF8E683F82AFA8FF854" box="[1207,1346,1957,1981]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="190" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientale">
<emphasis id="B94ACE70AE74FFF8E683F82AFA8FF854" box="[1207,1346,1957,1981]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">C. orientale</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C3E69E1AE74FFF8E7B6F82AFED3F808" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="190" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vestigipinne">
<emphasis id="B94ACE70AE74FFF8E7B6F82AFED3F808" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">C. vestigipinne</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The clade is supported by the absence of the adipose fin (reversed in 
<taxonomicName id="4C3E69E1AE74FFF8E676F846FB0CF80B" box="[1090,1217,1994,2018]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="190" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rachovii">
<emphasis id="B94ACE70AE74FFF8E676F846FB0CF80B" box="[1090,1217,1994,2018]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">C. rachovii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C3E69E1AE74FFF8E6E4F846FABEF80B" box="[1232,1395,1994,2018]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="190" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="occidentale">
<emphasis id="B94ACE70AE74FFF8E6E4F846FABEF80B" box="[1232,1395,1994,2018]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">C. occidentale</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<emphasis id="B94ACE70AE74FFF8E7B6F846FA51F808" box="[1410,1436,1994,2017]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">C.</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B811262AE73FFFFE2A3FF14FC07FF1E" blockId="4.[151,1436,151,248]" pageId="4" pageNumber="191">
<taxonomicName id="4C3E69E1AE73FFFFE2A3FF14FF31FF59" box="[151,252,152,176]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="191" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientale">
<emphasis id="B94ACE70AE73FFFFE2A3FF14FF31FF59" box="[151,252,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="191">orientale</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C3E69E1AE73FFFFE30BFF14FE20FF46" box="[319,493,152,175]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="191" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vestigipinne">
<emphasis id="B94ACE70AE73FFFFE30BFF14FE20FF46" box="[319,493,152,175]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="191">C. vestigipinne</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), and the group itself is included in a unresolved clade with 
<taxonomicName id="4C3E69E1AE73FFFFE6D7FF14FAA3FF59" box="[1251,1390,152,176]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="191" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bahiense">
<emphasis id="B94ACE70AE73FFFFE6D7FF14FAA3FF59" box="[1251,1390,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="191">C. bahiense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C3E69E1AE73FFFFE7B6FF14FED0FF3D" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="191" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="interruptum">
<emphasis id="B94ACE70AE73FFFFE7B6FF14FED0FF3D" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="191">C. interruptum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C3E69E1AE73FFFFE31FFF30FE69FF3D" box="[299,420,188,212]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="191" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="laterale">
<emphasis id="B94ACE70AE73FFFFE31FFF30FE69FF3D" box="[299,420,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="191">C. laterale</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
supported by the reduced lateral line (secondarily reversed in 
<taxonomicName id="4C3E69E1AE73FFFFE650FF30FACAFF3D" box="[1124,1287,188,212]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="191" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="occidentale">
<emphasis id="B94ACE70AE73FFFFE650FF30FACAFF3D" box="[1124,1287,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="191">C. occidentale</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C3E69E1AE73FFFFE721FF30FA51FF3D" box="[1301,1436,188,212]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="191" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientale">
<emphasis id="B94ACE70AE73FFFFE721FF30FA51FF3D" box="[1301,1436,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="191">C. orientale</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C3E69E1AE73FFFFE2F2FF6CFEA3FF1E" box="[198,366,224,247]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="191" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vestigipinne">
<emphasis id="B94ACE70AE73FFFFE2F2FF6CFEA3FF1E" box="[198,366,224,247]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="191">C. vestigipinne</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), as the sister group of 
<taxonomicName id="4C3E69E1AE73FFFFE042FF6CFD03FF11" box="[630,718,224,248]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="191" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lanei">
<emphasis id="B94ACE70AE73FFFFE042FF6CFD03FF11" box="[630,718,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="191">C. lanei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C3E69E1AE73FFFFE131FF6CFC0FFF11" box="[773,962,224,248]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="191" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lagossantense">
<emphasis id="B94ACE70AE73FFFFE131FF6CFC0FFF11" box="[773,962,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="191">C. lagossantense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF4142EAAE73FFFFE2A3F819FE6DF823" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/241375/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="191" targetBox="[210,1390,331,1876]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="8B811262AE73FFFFE2A3F819FE6DF823" blockId="4.[151,1436,1941,1994]" pageId="4" pageNumber="191">
<emphasis id="B94ACE70AE73FFFFE2A3F819FEDEF843" bold="true" box="[151,275,1941,1963]" pageId="4" pageNumber="191">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
Map of Rio Tapajós and Rio Xingu, and adjoining areas, showing distribution of 
<emphasis id="B94ACE70AE73FFFFE667F819FAD7F842" box="[1107,1306,1941,1963]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="191">
<taxonomicName id="4C3E69E1AE73FFFFE667F819FADBF842" box="[1107,1302,1941,1963]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="191" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nana">Characidium nana</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
White circle indicates the type locality.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF4142EAAE72FFFEE2A3F9F6FC53F927" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/241376/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="192" targetBox="[151,1436,186,1634]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="8B811262AE72FFFEE2A3F9F6FC53F927" blockId="5.[151,1436,1658,1742]" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">
<emphasis id="B94ACE70AE72FFFEE2A3F9F6FEDFF966" bold="true" box="[151,274,1658,1680]" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
Single most parsimonious tree (13 steps – CI 0.69; RI 0.87) obtained from the analysis of a modified version of the data matrix from Netto-Ferreira 
<emphasis id="B94ACE70AE72FFFEE3D6F916FDDAF947" box="[482,535,1689,1711]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">et al.</emphasis>
(2013), with the inclusion of 
<taxonomicName id="4C3E69E1AE72FFFEE17DF915FBFAF947" box="[841,1079,1689,1710]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="192" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hasemani">
<emphasis id="B94ACE70AE72FFFEE17DF915FBFAF947" box="[841,1079,1689,1710]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">Characidium hasemani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C3E69E1AE72FFFEE65FF916FADEF947" box="[1131,1299,1689,1711]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="192" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="steindachneri">
<emphasis id="B94ACE70AE72FFFEE65FF916FADEF947" box="[1131,1299,1689,1711]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">C. steindachneri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as additional outgroups, and the new species 
<taxonomicName id="4C3E69E1AE72FFFEE3EDF934FDE5F927" box="[473,552,1720,1742]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="192" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nana">
<emphasis id="B94ACE70AE72FFFEE3EDF934FDE5F927" box="[473,552,1720,1742]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">C. nana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Zero length branches are collapsed.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C32441E9AE72FFFDE2F3F898FC29FEFC" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="193" pageId="5" pageNumber="192" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B811262AE72FFFDE2F3F898FC29FEFC" blockId="5.[151,1437,1812,2037]" lastBlockId="6.[151,1437,151,277]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="193" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">
<emphasis id="B94ACE70AE72FFFEE2F3F898FD9AF8C4" bold="true" box="[199,599,1812,1837]" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">Comparative material examined.</emphasis>
All from 
<collectingCountry id="F32952F2AE72FFFEE0FAF898FCDBF8C4" box="[718,790,1812,1837]" name="Brazil" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">Brazil</collectingCountry>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C3E69E1AE72FFFEE110F898FBE9F8C5" box="[804,1060,1812,1836]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="192" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bahiense">
<emphasis id="B94ACE70AE72FFFEE110F898FBE9F8C5" box="[804,1060,1812,1836]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">Characidium bahiense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Bahia State. 
<collectionCode id="ED2F8AA7AE72FFFEE6FDF898FAEBF8C5" box="[1225,1318,1812,1836]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">MZUSP</collectionCode>
40224, 2, 
<quantity id="4CC6BF87AE72FFFEE2A3F8BAFE8DF8A4" box="[151,320,1846,1870]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.985" metricValueMax="2.04" metricValueMin="1.93" pageId="5" pageNumber="192" unit="mm" value="19.85" valueMax="20.4" valueMin="19.3">19.3–20.4 mm</quantity>
<collectionCode id="ED2F8AA7AE72FFFEE379F8BAFEBDF8A7" box="[333,368,1846,1870]" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">SL</collectionCode>
, Rio Icatu. 
<taxonomicName id="4C3E69E1AE72FFFEE030F8B9FCDDF8A4" box="[516,784,1845,1869]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="192" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hasemani">
<emphasis id="B94ACE70AE72FFFEE030F8B9FCDDF8A4" box="[516,784,1845,1869]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">Characidium hasemani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Pará State. 
<collectionCode id="ED2F8AA7AE72FFFEE184F8BAFC33F8A7" box="[944,1022,1846,1870]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/90vz-swjg" name="Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">MPEG</collectionCode>
4568, 10, 
<quantity id="4CC6BF87AE72FFFEE6BCF8B9FAFFF8A4" box="[1160,1330,1845,1870]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.835" metricValueMax="4.12" metricValueMin="3.55" pageId="5" pageNumber="192" unit="mm" value="38.35" valueMax="41.2" valueMin="35.5">35.5–41.2 mm</quantity>
<collectionCode id="ED2F8AA7AE72FFFEE70BF8BAFAAFF8A7" box="[1343,1378,1846,1870]" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">SL</collectionCode>
, Rio Itacaiúnas. 
<taxonomicName id="4C3E69E1AE72FFFEE32FF8DAFD8DF887" box="[283,576,1878,1902]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="192" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="interruptum">
<emphasis id="B94ACE70AE72FFFEE32FF8DAFD8DF887" box="[283,576,1878,1902]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">Characidium interruptum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Rio de Janeiro State. 
<collectionCode id="ED2F8AA7AE72FFFEE165F8DBFC63F886" box="[849,942,1879,1903]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">MZUSP</collectionCode>
49152, 4, 
<quantity id="4CC6BF87AE72FFFEE607F8DAFB17F887" box="[1075,1242,1878,1903]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.875" metricValueMax="2.06" metricValueMin="1.69" pageId="5" pageNumber="192" unit="mm" value="18.75" valueMax="20.6" valueMin="16.9">16.9–20.6 mm</quantity>
<collectionCode id="ED2F8AA7AE72FFFEE6D1F8DBFAC5F886" box="[1253,1288,1879,1903]" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">SL</collectionCode>
, Rio Jundiá. 
<taxonomicName id="4C3E69E1AE72FFFEE2A3F8F4FE0EF879" box="[151,451,1912,1936]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="192" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lagosantense">
<emphasis id="B94ACE70AE72FFFEE2A3F8F4FE0EF879" box="[151,451,1912,1936]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">Characidium lagosantense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. São Paulo State. 
<collectionCode id="ED2F8AA7AE72FFFEE0BAF8F4FD26F879" box="[654,747,1912,1936]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">MZUSP</collectionCode>
<date id="FF8034A2AE72FFFEE0C6F8F4FC84F879" box="[754,841,1912,1936]" pageId="5" pageNumber="192" value="79-10-07">100779</date>
, 3, 
<quantity id="4CC6BF87AE72FFFEE15BF8F4FBDFF879" box="[879,1042,1912,1936]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7299999999999995" metricValueMax="3.1399999999999997" metricValueMin="2.32" pageId="5" pageNumber="192" unit="mm" value="27.299999999999997" valueMax="31.4" valueMin="23.2">23.2–31.4 mm</quantity>
<collectionCode id="ED2F8AA7AE72FFFEE62DF8F4FBF1F879" box="[1049,1084,1912,1936]" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">SL</collectionCode>
, Rio Corumbataí. 
<taxonomicName id="4C3E69E1AE72FFFEE73CF8F4FF23F858" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="192" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="laterale">
<emphasis id="B94ACE70AE72FFFEE73CF8F4FF23F858" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">Characidium laterale</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Mato Grosso State. 
<collectionCode id="ED2F8AA7AE72FFFEE3EFF816FDF5F85B" box="[475,568,1946,1970]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">MZUSP</collectionCode>
96659, 5, 
<quantity id="4CC6BF87AE72FFFEE084F815FC9EF858" box="[688,851,1945,1970]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1149999999999998" metricValueMax="2.38" metricValueMin="1.85" pageId="5" pageNumber="192" unit="mm" value="21.15" valueMax="23.8" valueMin="18.5">18.5–23.8 mm</quantity>
<collectionCode id="ED2F8AA7AE72FFFEE16EF816FCB3F85B" box="[858,894,1946,1970]" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">SL</collectionCode>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C3E69E1AE72FFFEE1BDF815FBA5F858" box="[905,1128,1945,1969]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="192" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mirim">
<emphasis id="B94ACE70AE72FFFEE1BDF815FBA5F858" box="[905,1128,1945,1969]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">Characidium mirim</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Mato Grosso State. 
<collectionCode id="ED2F8AA7AE72FFFEE760F816FA51F85B" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34784" box="[1364,1436,1946,1970]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34784" name="Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">ANSP</collectionCode>
193193, 1, 
<quantity id="4CC6BF87AE72FFFEE320F836FEBAF83B" box="[276,375,1978,2003]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.86" pageId="5" pageNumber="192" unit="mm" value="18.6">18.6 mm</quantity>
<collectionCode id="ED2F8AA7AE72FFFEE349F837FE6DF83A" box="[381,416,1979,2003]" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">SL</collectionCode>
, 
<collectionCode id="ED2F8AA7AE72FFFEE39FF837FE3BF83B" box="[427,502,1979,2002]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/zi1i-a0b5" name="Museu Nacional/Universidade Federal de Rio de Janeiro" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">MNRJ</collectionCode>
40135, 4, 
<quantity id="4CC6BF87AE72FFFEE05FF836FCC0F83B" box="[619,781,1978,2003]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8350000000000002" metricValueMax="1.9100000000000001" metricValueMin="1.7600000000000002" pageId="5" pageNumber="192" unit="mm" value="18.35" valueMax="19.1" valueMin="17.6">17.6–19.1 mm</quantity>
<collectionCode id="ED2F8AA7AE72FFFEE127F837FCFBF83A" box="[787,822,1979,2003]" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">SL</collectionCode>
, 
<collectionCode id="ED2F8AA7AE72FFFEE175F837FC53F83A" box="[833,926,1979,2003]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">MZUSP</collectionCode>
97705, 2, 
<quantity id="4CC6BF87AE72FFFEE620F836FB7BF83B" box="[1044,1206,1978,2003]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7850000000000001" metricValueMax="1.9100000000000001" metricValueMin="1.6600000000000001" pageId="5" pageNumber="192" unit="mm" value="17.85" valueMax="19.1" valueMin="16.6">16.6–19.1 mm</quantity>
<collectionCode id="ED2F8AA7AE72FFFEE688F837FB12F83A" box="[1212,1247,1979,2003]" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">SL</collectionCode>
, 1 c&amp;s, 
<quantity id="4CC6BF87AE72FFFEE70DF837FA50F83B" box="[1337,1437,1979,2003]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.34" pageId="5" pageNumber="192" unit="mm" value="23.4">23.4 mm</quantity>
<collectionCode id="ED2F8AA7AE72FFFEE2A3F850FF77F81D" box="[151,186,2012,2036]" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">SL</collectionCode>
, Igarapé near Stanto Antonio do Leste; 
<collectionCode id="ED2F8AA7AE72FFFEE0B1F850FD2FF81D" box="[645,738,2012,2036]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">MZUSP</collectionCode>
97724, 4, 
<quantity id="4CC6BF87AE72FFFEE16BF850FBC9F81D" box="[863,1028,2012,2036]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9299999999999997" metricValueMax="1.97" metricValueMin="1.89" pageId="5" pageNumber="192" unit="mm" value="19.299999999999997" valueMax="19.7" valueMin="18.9">18.9–19.7 mm</quantity>
<collectionCode id="ED2F8AA7AE72FFFEE638F850FBE2F81D" box="[1036,1071,2012,2036]" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">SL</collectionCode>
, Vereda Buriti, between Campo Verde and Primavera do Leste; 
<collectionCode id="ED2F8AA7AE71FFFDE3C0FF14FD9CFF59" box="[500,593,152,176]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="6" pageNumber="193">MZUSP</collectionCode>
<date id="FF8034A2AE71FFFDE06CFF14FD61FF59" box="[600,684,152,176]" pageId="6" pageNumber="193" value="23-11-11">111123</date>
, 
<typeStatus id="5485ACC0AE71FFFDE082FF1BFCD6FF59" box="[694,795,151,176]" pageId="6" pageNumber="193" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, 
<quantity id="4CC6BF87AE71FFFDE111FF14FC44FF46" box="[805,905,152,176]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.02" pageId="6" pageNumber="193" unit="mm" value="20.2">20.2 mm</quantity>
<collectionCode id="ED2F8AA7AE71FFFDE1BBFF14FC7FFF59" box="[911,946,152,176]" pageId="6" pageNumber="193">SL</collectionCode>
, 
<collectionCode id="ED2F8AA7AE71FFFDE189FF14FBD7FF59" box="[957,1050,152,176]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="6" pageNumber="193">MZUSP</collectionCode>
<date id="FF8034A2AE71FFFDE615FF14FBB5FF59" box="[1057,1144,152,176]" pageId="6" pageNumber="193" value="93-10-13">101393</date>
, 2, 
<quantity id="4CC6BF87AE71FFFDE6A9FF1BFA8DFF46" box="[1181,1344,151,176]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.845" metricValueMax="1.86" metricValueMin="1.83" pageId="6" pageNumber="193" unit="mm" value="18.45" valueMax="18.6" valueMin="18.3">18.3–18.6 mm</quantity>
<collectionCode id="ED2F8AA7AE71FFFDE772FF14FAA4FF59" box="[1350,1385,152,176]" pageId="6" pageNumber="193">SL</collectionCode>
, Rio das Mortes. 
<taxonomicName id="4C3E69E1AE71FFFDE32BFF35FDDAFF38" box="[287,535,185,209]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="193" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rachovii">
<emphasis id="B94ACE70AE71FFFDE32BFF35FDDAFF38" box="[287,535,185,209]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="193">Characidium rachovii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Rio Grande do Sul State. 
<collectionCode id="ED2F8AA7AE71FFFDE10BFF35FC51FF38" box="[831,924,185,209]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="6" pageNumber="193">MZUSP</collectionCode>
49165, 5, 
<quantity id="4CC6BF87AE71FFFDE626FF35FB79FF38" box="[1042,1204,185,210]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.945" metricValueMax="3.26" metricValueMin="2.63" pageId="6" pageNumber="193" unit="mm" value="29.45" valueMax="32.6" valueMin="26.3">26.3–32.6 mm</quantity>
<collectionCode id="ED2F8AA7AE71FFFDE68EFF35FB10FF38" box="[1210,1245,185,209]" pageId="6" pageNumber="193">SL</collectionCode>
, Arroio Bolacha. 
<taxonomicName id="4C3E69E1AE71FFFDE2A3FF57FE07FF1A" box="[151,458,219,243]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="193" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="steindachneri">
<emphasis id="B94ACE70AE71FFFDE2A3FF57FE07FF1A" box="[151,458,219,243]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="193">Characidium steindachneri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 
<collectingCountry id="F32952F2AE71FFFDE3EDFF57FDF9FF1A" box="[473,564,219,243]" name="Guyana" pageId="6" pageNumber="193">Guyana</collectingCountry>
. 
<collectionCode id="ED2F8AA7AE71FFFDE00BFF57FDB2FF1A" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34778" box="[575,639,219,243]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34778" name="Royal Ontario Museum" pageId="6" pageNumber="193">ROM</collectionCode>
86008, 7, 
<quantity id="4CC6BF87AE71FFFDE0CCFF57FCBCFF1B" box="[760,881,219,243]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="3.9" metricValueMin="3.1" pageId="6" pageNumber="193" unit="mm" value="35.0" valueMax="39.0" valueMin="31.0">31–39 mm</quantity>
<collectionCode id="ED2F8AA7AE71FFFDE14CFF57FC56FF1A" box="[888,923,219,243]" pageId="6" pageNumber="193">SL</collectionCode>
, Rupununi river. 
<taxonomicName id="4C3E69E1AE71FFFDE654FF57FA9FFF1B" box="[1120,1362,219,243]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Crenuchidae" genus="Characidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="193" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="xavante">
<emphasis id="B94ACE70AE71FFFDE654FF57FA9FFF1B" box="[1120,1362,219,243]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="193">Characidium xavante</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Mato Grosso State. 
<collectionCode id="ED2F8AA7AE71FFFDE307FF70FE5DFEFD" box="[307,400,252,276]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="6" pageNumber="193">MZUSP</collectionCode>
91774, 2, 
<quantity id="4CC6BF87AE71FFFDE033FF70FD58FEFD" box="[519,661,252,276]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8699999999999999" metricValueMax="2.04" metricValueMin="1.7" pageId="6" pageNumber="193" unit="mm" value="18.7" valueMax="20.4" valueMin="17.0">17–20.4 mm</quantity>
<collectionCode id="ED2F8AA7AE71FFFDE0A8FF70FD72FEFD" box="[668,703,252,276]" pageId="6" pageNumber="193">SL</collectionCode>
, tributary of Rio Culuene.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>