249 lines
20 KiB
XML
249 lines
20 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1124.90077" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1124-43" ID-Pensoft-UUID="3FA588DC3FD35EC68B0A081C20DC5C46" ID-ZooBank="F9E538567846470EB07CD5DEBC6B141A" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1124-43" checkinTime="1665870652437" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Zouhair, Laila, Grootaert, Patrick & Kettani, Kawtar" docDate="2022" docId="D49CFADDFC3B5A6FA30CCF1DCC4F5E9A" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1124: 43-58" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1124" docPubDate="2022-10-10" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1124.90077" docTitle="Trichina azizi Zouhair & Grootaert 2022, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="E397A731-4350-4B07-8EA1-16E81947642E" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="1" id="3FA588DC3FD35EC68B0A081C20DC5C46" lastPageNumber="43" masterDocId="3FA588DC3FD35EC68B0A081C20DC5C46" masterDocTitle="First records of Trichina Meigen, Euthyneura Macquart and Oedalea Meigen (Diptera, Hybotidae) from North Africa, with descriptions of two new species" masterLastPageNumber="58" masterPageNumber="43" pageNumber="43" updateTime="1665870652437" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>First records of Trichina Meigen, Euthyneura Macquart and Oedalea Meigen (Diptera, Hybotidae) from North Africa, with descriptions of two new species</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Zouhair, Laila</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Laboratory Ecology, Systematics, and Conservation of Biodiversity (LESCB), URL-CNRST N ° 18, FS, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Tetouan, Morocco</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">laila.zouhair@etu.uae.ac.ma</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Grootaert, Patrick</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, O. D. Phylogeny and Taxonomy, Entomology, Vautier street 29, B 1000 Brussels, Belgium</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Kettani, Kawtar</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2361-3996</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Laboratory Ecology, Systematics, and Conservation of Biodiversity (LESCB), URL-CNRST N ° 18, FS, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Tetouan, Morocco</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2022-10-10</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>1124</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>43</mods:start>
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<mods:end>58</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1124.90077</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1124.90077</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1124-43</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">F9E538567846470EB07CD5DEBC6B141A</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">3FA588DC3FD35EC68B0A081C20DC5C46</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:E397A731-4350-4B07-8EA1-16E81947642E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D49CFADDFC3B5A6FA30CCF1DCC4F5E9A" lastPageNumber="43" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="43" type="nomenclature">
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||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
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<taxonomicName LSID="https://zoobank.org/E397A731-4350-4B07-8EA1-16E81947642E" authority="Zouhair & Grootaert" authorityName="Zouhair & Grootaert" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Hybotidae" genus="Trichina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trichina azizi" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="azizi" status="sp. nov.">Trichina azizi Zouhair & Grootaert</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="43">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="43" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Trichina azizi Zouhair & Grootaert sp. nov., Holotype male, terminalia A right surstylus, lateral view B epandrium, dorsal view C left surstylus, lateral view D epandrium, ventral view. Scale: 0.1 mm. (Drawn by Patrick Grootaert)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1124.90077.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/754730" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Figs 3A-D</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. A Trichina elongata Haliday, 1833 B Trichina opaca Loew, 1864 C Trichina unilobata Chvala, 1981 D Trichina azizi Zouhair & Grootaert sp. nov. E Trichina rifensis Zouhair & Grootaert sp. nov. (Left antennal style missing) F Euthyneura myrtilli Macquart, 1836 G Oedalea portugalica Bartak & Grootaert, 2021." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1124.90077.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/754734" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">, 7D</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="43" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="2019-04-28" collectingMethod="sweep net" collectorName="K. Kettani" country="Morocco" elevation="1350" location="Rif" municipality="Bouslimane" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="Holotype">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
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<typeStatus>Holotype</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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.
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</emphasis>
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<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
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.
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<collectingCountry name="Morocco">Morocco</collectingCountry>
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,
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D49CFADDFC3B5A6FA30CCF1DCC4F5E9A:1DF0B1AE9C62F4BB6E32C30D89A82782" country="Morocco" municipality="Bouslimane" name="Rif">Rif</location>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality>Bouslimane</collectingMunicipality>
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, NPTL,
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<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" unit="m" value="1350.0">
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<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" unit="m" value="1350.0">1350 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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,
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<collectingDate value="2019-04-28">28.iv.2019</collectingDate>
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,
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<collectingMethod>sweep net</collectingMethod>
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, leg.
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<collectorName>K. Kettani</collectorName>
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, PCLZ.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="43" type="habitat">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Habitat.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
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(S6: Bouslimane) (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Type habitat of Trichina azizi Zouhair & Grootaert, sp. nov. in the fir forest at Bouslimane locality (Photo: K. Kettani, 28.04.2019)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1124.90077.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/754729" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">2</figureCitation>
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): The holotype was swept from the foothills of Bouslimane mountain located at the south of the national park of Talassemtane. The habitat consists of a fir forest (
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<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Abies marocana" order="Pinales" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="marocana">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Abies marocana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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) dominated by a humid bioclimate as part of the mesomediterranean zone. This fir formation grows on brown fersiallitic soil.
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1124.90077.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/754729" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Figure 2.</emphasis>
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Type habitat of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Zouhair & Grootaert" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Hybotidae" genus="Trichina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trichina azizi" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="azizi">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Trichina azizi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Zouhair & Grootaert, sp. nov. in the fir forest at Bouslimane locality (Photo: K. Kettani, 28.04.2019).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="43" type="differential diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Zouhair & Grootaert" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Hybotidae" genus="Trichina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trichina azizi" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="azizi">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Trichina azizi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov. has 3rd antennal segment considerably long and slender like in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. elongata" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rank="species" species="elongata">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">T. elongata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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according to the specimen we have and to the description in
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<bibRefCitation author="Chvala, M" journalOrPublisher="Fauna entomologica Scandinavica" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" pagination="1 - 279" refId="B7" refString="Chvala, M, 1983. The Empidoidea (Diptera) of Fennoscandia and Denmark. II. General part. The families Hybotidae, Atelestidae and Microphoridae. Fauna entomologica Scandinavica 12: 1 - 279" title="The Empidoidea (Diptera) of Fennoscandia and Denmark. II. General part. The families Hybotidae, Atelestidae and Microphoridae." volume="12" year="1983">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Chvála">Chvala</normalizedToken>
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(1983)
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</bibRefCitation>
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, but it differs in length since it is less than 3.4 times as long as broad in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. elongata" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rank="species" species="elongata">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">T. elongata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.2478/s11756-009-0145-0" author="Bartak, M" journalOrPublisher="Biologia" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" pagination="947 - 950" refId="B3" refString="Bartak, M, Kubik, S, 2009. A new species of the genus Trichina (Diptera: Hybotidae) with a key to European species. Biologia 64: 947 - 950, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/s11756-009-0145-0" title="A new species of the genus Trichina (Diptera: Hybotidae) with a key to European species." url="https://doi.org/10.2478/s11756-009-0145-0" volume="64" year="2009">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Barták">Bartak</normalizedToken>
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and
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Kubík">Kubik</normalizedToken>
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2009
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</bibRefCitation>
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) whereas it is more than 3.6 times as long as broad in the new species. Both species differ also in the length of the stylus, which in the new species is little longer than half-length of 3rd segment; while in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. elongata" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rank="species" species="elongata">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">T. elongata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, the stylus is less than half the length of the 3rd segment. The bare terminal part of antennae is shorter than the pubescent thicker basal part which is the same in both. The new species has only two pairs of scutellar setae, like in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. elongata" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rank="species" species="elongata">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">T. elongata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and also in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. clavipes" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rank="species" species="clavipes">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">T. clavipes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. bilobata" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rank="species" species="bilobata">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">T. bilobata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. In addition, it can be recognized by yellowish hind trochanter, femora, tibiae and metatarsi, and by the lack of a ventral spine on hind trochanters, like in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. opaca" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rank="species" species="opaca">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">T. opaca</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Male terminalia with the hypandrial projection is rather long, like in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. elongata" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rank="species" species="elongata">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">T. elongata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, but in the latter it is more slender than in the new species. The left surstylus is similar in structure to that of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. elongata" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rank="species" species="elongata">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">T. elongata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, but it is not sharpened apically like in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. elongata" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rank="species" species="elongata">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">T. elongata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. The right surstylus is spiny apically and sub-apically, which is the most important diagnostic character in this new species. Cerci are long and well developed but the left cercus is longer than the right one.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="43" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">This species is dedicated to the father (Aziz Zouhair) of the first author.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="43" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Male</emphasis>
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. Small brown species (2.8 mm) (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. A Trichina elongata Haliday, 1833 B Trichina opaca Loew, 1864 C Trichina unilobata Chvala, 1981 D Trichina azizi Zouhair & Grootaert sp. nov. E Trichina rifensis Zouhair & Grootaert sp. nov. (Left antennal style missing) F Euthyneura myrtilli Macquart, 1836 G Oedalea portugalica Bartak & Grootaert, 2021." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1124.90077.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/754734" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">7D</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Head</emphasis>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Brown in ground colour. Ommatidia bicoloured. Antennae brown, with postpedicel considerably long and slender with 0.22 mm long over 0.06 mm wide, stylus is 0.134 mm long (0.6
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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the length of postpedicel hence a little longer than half the length), its bare terminal part shorter than the pubescent thicker basal part. Palpus small, brownish, with a brownish bristle. Proboscis paler. Face narrow, less than width of scape.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Thorax</emphasis>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Entirely brown, (unfortunately, all thoracic setae are broken, but according to setae follicles, 2 pairs of scutellar setae). Mesonotum shining black except for the extreme anterior border that bears some sparse microtrichia, the notopleural depression with some denser microtrichia, but is still subshining black. Wings very faintly brown yellowish infuscated, veins pale brown, pterostigma yellowish brown and indistinct, costa running to tip of M1, squamae including fringes brown, halters brown yellowish. Legs almost uniformly brownish leaving hind trochanter, femora, tibia, and hind metatarsi yellowish. Fore femur slender with paler hairs; mid femur with 2 ventral rows of dark and thick bristles; hind femur longer than mid and fore femora, with a row of thick and long spine-like bristles. No spine on the hind trochanter. Fore tibia more slender at base, covered with small paler hairs; mid tibia very slender than fore tibia and covered mostly with dark hairs; hind tibia much longer than fore and mid tibiae, laterally compressed and dilated towards tip.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Abdomen</emphasis>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Brown, tergites and sternites covered with scattered black setulae. Terminalia somewhat large and blackish brown, with spiny right surstylus in apical and sub-apical parts (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Trichina azizi Zouhair & Grootaert sp. nov., Holotype male, terminalia A right surstylus, lateral view B epandrium, dorsal view C left surstylus, lateral view D epandrium, ventral view. Scale: 0.1 mm. (Drawn by Patrick Grootaert)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1124.90077.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/754730" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">3B, D</figureCitation>
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), left surstylus longer and slender in comparison with right surstylus, hypandrial projection moderately long, slender (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Trichina azizi Zouhair & Grootaert sp. nov., Holotype male, terminalia A right surstylus, lateral view B epandrium, dorsal view C left surstylus, lateral view D epandrium, ventral view. Scale: 0.1 mm. (Drawn by Patrick Grootaert)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1124.90077.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/754730" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">3D</figureCitation>
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). Cerci longer than wider, the left cercus longer than the right cercus (Fig.
|
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Trichina azizi Zouhair & Grootaert sp. nov., Holotype male, terminalia A right surstylus, lateral view B epandrium, dorsal view C left surstylus, lateral view D epandrium, ventral view. Scale: 0.1 mm. (Drawn by Patrick Grootaert)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1124.90077.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/754730" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">3B</figureCitation>
|
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).
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1124.90077.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/754730" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
|
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Figure 3.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Zouhair & Grootaert" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Hybotidae" genus="Trichina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trichina azizi" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="azizi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Trichina azizi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Zouhair & Grootaert sp. nov., Holotype male, terminalia
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">A</emphasis>
|
||
right surstylus, lateral view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">B</emphasis>
|
||
epandrium, dorsal view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">C</emphasis>
|
||
left surstylus, lateral view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">D</emphasis>
|
||
epandrium, ventral view. Scale: 0.1 mm. (Drawn by Patrick Grootaert).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Female.</emphasis>
|
||
(Unknown).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Abbreviations: ae: aedeagus (phallus); cer: cercus; hyp: hypandrium; hypp: hypandrial projection; lel: left epandrial lamella; ls: left surstylus; rel: right epandrial lamella; rs: right surstylus.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |