391 lines
58 KiB
XML
391 lines
58 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="059AB200FA1A06529CEF8E9D7494BD3E">Family groups of Diopsoidea and Nerioidea (Diptera: Schizophora) - Definition, history and relationships</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="EE9707ADB542F81DDC6659EBCD29D824">Lonsdale, Owen</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="AD3866D45D20E8C2B6FBA1421A81C1C4">2020</mods:date>
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<treatment id="BD15296C6A48FFB0FF1AFB4CDC0CA1B2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3679556" ID-GBIF-Taxon="162147180" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3679556" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BD15296C6A48FFB0FF1AFB4CDC0CA1B2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/BD15296C6A48FFB0FF1AFB4CDC0CA1B2" lastPageId="54" lastPageNumber="55" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
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<subSubSection id="7DA6CBF16A48FFB2FF1AFB4CD9A4A1EA" box="[151,497,1177,1203]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="3503987A6A48FFB2FF1AFB4CD9A4A1EA" blockId="52.[151,547,1177,1240]" box="[151,497,1177,1203]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
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<heading id="6E4B2F166A48FFB2FF1AFB4CD9A4A1EA" bold="true" box="[151,497,1177,1203]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="F2BCE3F96A48FFB2FF1AFB4CD9A4A1EA" ID-CoL="GX8" ID-ENA="286514" authority="Rondani, 1856" authorityName="Rondani" authorityYear="1856" box="[151,497,1177,1203]" class="Insecta" family="Tanypezidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">
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<emphasis id="07C844686A48FFB2FF1AFB4CD9A4A1EA" bold="true" box="[151,497,1177,1203]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
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Tanypezidae
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<bibRefCitation id="512DE58B6A48FFB2FEB1FB4CD9A4A1EA" author="Rondani, C." box="[316,497,1177,1203]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" pagination="2" refId="ref93254" refString="Rondani, C. (1856) Dipterologiae Italicae Prodromus. Vol. I. Genera italica ordinis Dipterorum ordinatim disposita et distincta et in familias et stirpes aggregata. A. Stocchi, Parmae (= Parma), 226 + [2] pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 8160" type="journal article" year="1856">Rondani, 1856</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="7DA6CBF16A48FFB2FF1AFB68DA76A181" box="[151,547,1213,1240]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="description">
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<paragraph id="3503987A6A48FFB2FF1AFB68DA76A181" blockId="52.[151,547,1177,1240]" box="[151,547,1213,1240]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
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(
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<figureCitation id="AD8784FF6A48FFB2FF12FB68D968A181" box="[159,317,1213,1240]" captionStart="FIGURES 257–262" captionStartId="128.[151,264,1799,1824]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,174,1780]" captionTargetId="figure@128.[151,1436,174,1780]" captionTargetPageId="128" captionText="FIGURES 257–262. Figs 257–260: Neotanypeza claripennis Schiner (Tanypezidae), female; 257: dorsal; 258: lateral; 259: head, anterior; 260: head, dorsal. Fig. 261: Neotanypeza sp., female, Peru. Fig. 262: Nartshukia musiva Shatalkin (Strongylophthalmyiidae), female holotype." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3670837" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3670837/files/figure.png" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Figs 257–261</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="AD8784FF6A48FFB2FEC5FB68D9F9A18E" box="[328,428,1213,1239]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 263–268" captionStart-1="FIGURES 269–273" captionStartId-0="129.[151,264,1740,1765]" captionStartId-1="130.[151,264,1602,1627]" captionTargetBox-0="[162,1426,181,1709]" captionTargetBox-1="[160,1429,185,1571]" captionTargetId-0="figure@129.[151,1436,174,1721]" captionTargetId-1="figure@130.[151,1436,174,1583]" captionTargetPageId-0="129" captionTargetPageId-1="130" captionText-0="FIGURES 263–268. Figs 263–267: Tanypeza longimana Fallén (Tanypezidae), male abdomen; 263: terminalia, posterior; 264: same, anterior; 265: same, lateral; 266: internal genitalia, with rotated view of phallus apex inset; 267: apex of segment 5 to sternite 8, ventral. Fig. 268: Neotanypeza rutila (Wulp) (Tanypezidae), male internal genitalia, ventral." captionText-1="FIGURES 269–273. Figs 269–272: Neotanypeza elegans (Wiedemann) (Tanypezidae), female abdomen; 269: segment 6 to cerci, dorsal; 270: same, ventral; 271: abdomen, lateral; 272: internal genitalia. Fig. 273: Tanypeza longimana Fallén (Tanypezidae), ventral receptacle." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3670839" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3670841" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/3670839/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/3670841/files/figure.png" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">263–271</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="AD8784FF6A48FFB2FE35FB6BDA49A181" box="[440,540,1214,1240]" captionStart="FIGURES 411–422" captionStartId="148.[151,264,1799,1824]" captionTargetBox="[151,1433,193,1772]" captionTargetId="figure@148.[151,1436,174,1780]" captionTargetPageId="148" captionText="FIGURES 411–422. Wings: 411: Fergusonina sp. (Fergusoninidae); 412: Odontoloxozus longicornis (Coquillett) (Neriidae); 413: Clisa australis (McAlpine) (Cypselosomatidae); 414: Formicosepsis sp. (Cypselosomatidae); 415: Pseudopomyza (Rhinopomyzella) nigrimana Hennig (Pseudopomyzidae); 416: Latheticomyia sp. (Pseudopomyzidae); 417: Nartshukia musiva Shatalkin, holotype (Strongylophthalmyiidae); 418: Strongylophthalmyia angustipennis Melander (Strongylophthalmyiidae); 419: Tanypeza longimana Fallén (Tanypezidae); 420: Neotanypeza marshalli Lonsdale (Tanypezidae); 421: Compsobata mima (Hennig) (Micropezidae); 422: Micropeza sp. (Micropezidae)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3670878" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3670878/files/figure.png" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">419–420</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="7DA6CBF16A48FFB2FF1AFB2ED9ACA06B" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="type_taxon">
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<paragraph id="3503987A6A48FFB2FF1AFB2ED9ACA06B" blockId="52.[151,1436,1274,1330]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
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<emphasis id="07C844686A48FFB2FF1AFB2ED94EA04A" bold="true" box="[151,283,1275,1299]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
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<typeStatus id="EA0726D86A48FFB2FF1AFB2ED899A04A" box="[151,204,1275,1299]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Type</typeStatus>
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genus:
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</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="F2BCE3F96A48FFB2FEAEFB29DA77A04A" ID-CoL="7SHX" authority="Fallen 1820: 4" authorityName="Fallen" authorityPageNumber="4" authorityYear="1820" box="[291,546,1274,1299]" class="Insecta" family="Tanypezidae" genus="Tanypeza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="07C844686A48FFB2FEAEFB29D9D7A04A" box="[291,386,1276,1299]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Tanypeza</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="512DE58B6A48FFB2FE07FB2FDA77A04A" author="Fallen, C. F." box="[394,546,1274,1299]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" refId="ref80539" refString="Fallen, C. F. (1820) Opomyzides Sveciae. Quarum descriptionem Venia Ampl. Facult. Philos. Acad. Lund. Berlingianis, Lundae (= Lund), 12 pp." type="book" year="1820">Fallén 1820: 4</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, by
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<bibRefCitation id="512DE58B6A48FFB2FDDDFB2FDB40A04A" author="Rondani, C." box="[592,789,1274,1299]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" pagination="2" refId="ref93254" refString="Rondani, C. (1856) Dipterologiae Italicae Prodromus. Vol. I. Genera italica ordinis Dipterorum ordinatim disposita et distincta et in familias et stirpes aggregata. A. Stocchi, Parmae (= Parma), 226 + [2] pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 8160" type="journal article" year="1856">Rondani 1856: 114</bibRefCitation>
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(as Tanypezina).
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<emphasis id="07C844686A48FFB2FC40FB2EDC94A04A" bold="true" box="[973,1217,1274,1299]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
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||
<typeStatus id="EA0726D86A48FFB2FC40FB2EDC57A04A" box="[973,1026,1275,1299]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Type</typeStatus>
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species of genus:
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</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="F2BCE3F96A48FFB2FB44FB29D937A06B" ID-CoL="54PY6" authority="Fallen, 1820: 4" authorityName="Fallen" authorityPageNumber="4" authorityYear="1820" class="Insecta" family="Tanypezidae" genus="Tanypeza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longimana">
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<emphasis id="07C844686A48FFB2FB44FB29DDC9A04A" box="[1225,1436,1275,1299]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Tanypeza longimana</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="512DE58B6A48FFB2FF4AFACCD937A06B" author="Fallen, C. F." box="[199,354,1305,1330]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" refId="ref80539" refString="Fallen, C. F. (1820) Opomyzides Sveciae. Quarum descriptionem Venia Ampl. Facult. Philos. Acad. Lund. Berlingianis, Lundae (= Lund), 12 pp." type="book" year="1820">Fallén, 1820: 4</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, by monotypy.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="7DA6CBF16A48FFB2FF1AFA8CDA93A2A5" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="3503987A6A48FFB2FF1AFA8CD98FA35D" blockId="52.[151,1437,1369,2044]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
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The “stretched-foot flies” (
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<bibRefCitation id="512DE58B6A48FFB2FE48FA8CDAC3A02D" author="Tschirnhaus, M. von" box="[453,662,1369,1396]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" pagination="65 - 97" refId="ref98239" refString="Tschirnhaus, M. von. (2008) 4.3. 01 Acartophthalmidae, Borboropsidae, Chyromyidae, Micropezidae, Odiniidae, Opetiidae, Periscelididae, Pseudopomyzidae, and Tanypezidae. Studia Dipterologica, 16 (Supplement), 65 - 97." type="journal article" year="2008">Tschirnhaus, 2008</bibRefCitation>
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) is an almost entirely New World family with two genera:
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<taxonomicName id="F2BCE3F96A48FFB2FAA1FA8FDDC0A02A" authorityName="Fallen" authorityYear="1820" box="[1324,1429,1370,1395]" class="Insecta" family="Tanypezidae" genus="Tanypeza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="07C844686A48FFB2FAA1FA8FDDC0A02A" box="[1324,1429,1370,1395]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Tanypeza</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, which contains the Nearctic
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<taxonomicName id="F2BCE3F96A48FFB2FE58FAABDB65A0CE" authority="Knab & Shannon" authorityName="Knab & Shannon" authorityYear="1916" box="[469,816,1405,1432]" class="Insecta" family="Tanypezidae" genus="Tanypeza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="picticornis">
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<emphasis id="07C844686A48FFB2FE58FAABDA3DA0CE" box="[469,616,1406,1431]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">T. picticornis</emphasis>
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Knab & Shannon
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</taxonomicName>
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and the Holarctic
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<emphasis id="07C844686A48FFB2FC70FAABDCC2A0CE" box="[1021,1175,1405,1431]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
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<taxonomicName id="F2BCE3F96A48FFB2FC70FAABDCC6A0CE" authorityName="Fallen" authorityYear="1820" box="[1021,1171,1405,1431]" class="Insecta" family="Tanypezidae" genus="Tanypeza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longimana">T. longimana</taxonomicName>
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,
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</emphasis>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="F2BCE3F96A48FFB2FB40FAABD8E9A0E2" authority="Hendel" authorityName="Hendel" authorityYear="1903" class="Insecta" family="Tanypezidae" genus="Neotanypeza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="07C844686A48FFB2FB40FAABDD0BA0CE" box="[1229,1374,1406,1431]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Neotanypeza</emphasis>
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Hendel
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</taxonomicName>
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, which contains 25 extant Neotropical species, although there are certainly additional species yet to be discovered. One fossil species is known,
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<taxonomicName id="F2BCE3F96A48FFB2FD97FA13DBFEA086" authority="Lonsdale & Apigian" authorityName="Lonsdale & Apigian" authorityYear="2010" box="[538,939,1477,1504]" class="Insecta" family="Tanypezidae" genus="Neotanypeza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dominicana">
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<emphasis id="07C844686A48FFB2FD97FA13DAEAA086" box="[538,703,1477,1503]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">N. dominicana</emphasis>
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Lonsdale & Apigian
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</taxonomicName>
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, from Dominican amber dated to 17–20mbp (
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<bibRefCitation id="512DE58B6A48FFB2FF12FA3CD99AA35D" author="Lonsdale, O. & Apigian, K." box="[159,463,1513,1540]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" pagination="213 - 216" refId="ref86248" refString="Lonsdale, O. & Apigian, K. (2010) Description of the first known fossil representative of the family Tanypezidae (Diptera: Schizophora). Tijdschrift voor Entomologie, 153 (2), 213 - 216. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 22119434 - 900000299" type="journal article" year="2010">Lonsdale & Apigian, 2010</bibRefCitation>
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).
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="3503987A6A48FFB2FF4AF9D8DB30A3E1" blockId="52.[151,1437,1369,2044]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
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The family is relatively large-bodied and distinctive, making them easily recognized in the field, but species are uniform in appearance and homoplasy appears to be widespread. As such, the delimitation of species boundaries has proven difficult and additional study is required. The species of
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<taxonomicName id="F2BCE3F96A48FFB2FCFDF983DB8CA336" authorityName="Fallen" authorityYear="1820" box="[880,985,1622,1647]" class="Insecta" family="Tanypezidae" genus="Tanypeza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="07C844686A48FFB2FCFDF983DB8CA336" box="[880,985,1622,1647]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Tanypeza</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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were keyed by Steyskal (1965) and the species of
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<taxonomicName id="F2BCE3F96A48FFB2FE80F9AFD9CBA3CA" authorityName="Hendel" authorityYear="1903" box="[269,414,1658,1683]" class="Insecta" family="Tanypezidae" genus="Neotanypeza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="07C844686A48FFB2FE80F9AFD9CBA3CA" box="[269,414,1658,1683]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Neotanypeza</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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by
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<bibRefCitation id="512DE58B6A48FFB2FE45F9ACDAD6A3CD" author="Lonsdale, O." box="[456,643,1657,1684]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" pagination="1 - 60" refId="ref86156" refString="Lonsdale, O. (2013) Review of the families Tanypezidae and Strongylophthalmyiidae, with a revision of Neotanypeza Hendel (Diptera: Schizophora). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 641, 1 - 60. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 19436696.641.1" type="journal article" year="2013">Lonsdale (2013)</bibRefCitation>
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, following earlier treatments by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="512DE58B6A48FFB2FC7DF9ACDCF5A3CD" author="Hennig, W." box="[1008,1184,1657,1684]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" pagination="27 - 38" refId="ref82984" refString="Hennig, W. (1936 a) Beitrage zur Kenntnis des Kopopulationsapparates und der Systematik der Tanypeziden (Dipt., Acalypt.). Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift, 1936, 27 - 38. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / mmnd. 48019360103" type="journal article" year="1936">Hennig (1936a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="512DE58B6A48FFB2FB5AF9ACDDCDA3CD" author="Enderlein, G." box="[1239,1432,1657,1684]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" pagination="39 - 47" refId="ref79904" refString="Enderlein, G. (1936) Klassifikation der Tanypeziden. Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift, 1936, 39 - 47. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / mmnd. 48019360104" type="journal article" year="1936">Enderlein (1936)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. A catalogue of World species was provided by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="512DE58B6A48FFB2FD28F948DB34A3E1" author="Lonsdale, O." box="[677,865,1693,1720]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" pagination="412 - 422" refId="ref86206" refString="Lonsdale, O. (2014) World catalogue of the family Tanypezidae (Diptera: Schizophora). Zootaxa, 3857 (3), 412 - 422. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3857.3.4" type="journal article" year="2014">Lonsdale (2014)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3503987A6A48FFB2FF4AF914DA93A2A5" blockId="52.[151,1437,1369,2044]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
|
||
Since species currently treated as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F2BCE3F96A48FFB2FDC9F914DA84A382" authorityName="Rondani" authorityYear="1856" box="[580,721,1729,1755]" class="Insecta" family="Tanypezidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Tanypezidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
exhibit strong physical uniformity, almost all were initially described as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F2BCE3F96A48FFB2FE81F933D920A3A6" authorityName="Fallen" authorityYear="1820" box="[268,373,1766,1791]" class="Insecta" family="Tanypezidae" genus="Tanypeza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="07C844686A48FFB2FE81F933D920A3A6" box="[268,373,1766,1791]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Tanypeza</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, subgenera of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F2BCE3F96A48FFB2FD95F933DAD4A3A6" authorityName="Fallen" authorityYear="1820" box="[536,641,1766,1791]" class="Insecta" family="Tanypezidae" genus="Tanypeza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="07C844686A48FFB2FD95F933DAD4A3A6" box="[536,641,1766,1791]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Tanypeza</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, or genera only weakly differentiated from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F2BCE3F96A48FFB2FBEBF933DC9AA3A6" authorityName="Fallen" authorityYear="1820" box="[1126,1231,1766,1791]" class="Insecta" family="Tanypezidae" genus="Tanypeza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="07C844686A48FFB2FBEBF933DC9AA3A6" box="[1126,1231,1766,1791]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Tanypeza</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Only
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F2BCE3F96A48FFB2FA96F933D922A27D" authority="(Bigot)" baseAuthorityName="Bigot" baseAuthorityYear="1886" class="Insecta" family="Tanypezidae" genus="Neotanypeza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ornatipes">
|
||
<emphasis id="07C844686A48FFB2FA96F933D975A27A" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Neotanypeza ornatipes</emphasis>
|
||
(Bigot)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was initially classified elsewhere, described in the micropezid genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F2BCE3F96A48FFB2FBFAF8DFDCA8A27A" authorityName="Macquart" authorityYear="1835" box="[1143,1277,1802,1827]" class="Insecta" family="Micropezidae" genus="Taeniaptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="07C844686A48FFB2FBFAF8DFDCA8A27A" box="[1143,1277,1802,1827]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Taeniaptera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In an attempt to segregate the modest variation presented by Neotropical species,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="512DE58B6A48FFB2FC1CF8F8DC66A211" author="Hendel, F." box="[913,1075,1837,1864]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" pagination="201 - 205" refId="ref82501" refString="Hendel, F. (1903) Ueber die systematische Stellung von Tanypeza Fall. (Dipt.). Wiener Entomologische Zeitung, 22, 201 - 205. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 9739" type="journal article" year="1903">Hendel (1903)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
erected the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F2BCE3F96A48FFB2FA88F8FBDDC3A21E" authorityName="Hendel" authorityYear="1903" box="[1285,1430,1838,1863]" class="Insecta" family="Tanypezidae" genus="Neotanypeza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="07C844686A48FFB2FA88F8FBDDC3A21E" box="[1285,1430,1838,1863]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Neotanypeza</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and Enderlein (1913, 1936) erected the genera
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F2BCE3F96A48FFB2FD2DF887DB47A235" authorityName="Enderlein" authorityYear="1913" box="[672,786,1874,1900]" class="Insecta" family="Tanypezidae" genus="Scipopeza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="07C844686A48FFB2FD2DF887DB47A235" box="[672,786,1874,1900]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Scipopeza</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F2BCE3F96A48FFB2FC93F884DB95A232" authorityName="Enderlein" authorityYear="1936" box="[798,960,1873,1899]" class="Insecta" genus="Tripolphopeza" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="07C844686A48FFB2FC93F884DB95A232" box="[798,960,1873,1899]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Tripolphopeza</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F2BCE3F96A48FFB2FC40F887DC04A232" authorityName="Enderlein" authorityYear="1936" box="[973,1105,1874,1899]" class="Insecta" family="Tanypezidae" genus="Tritanypeza" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="07C844686A48FFB2FC40F887DC04A232" box="[973,1105,1874,1899]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Tritanypeza</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F2BCE3F96A48FFB2FB0AF884DD5EA232" authorityName="Enderlein" authorityYear="1913" box="[1159,1291,1873,1899]" class="Insecta" family="Tanypezidae" genus="Polphopeza" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="07C844686A48FFB2FB0AF884DD5EA232" box="[1159,1291,1873,1899]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Polphopeza</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F2BCE3F96A48FFB2FA95F884DDC9A232" authorityName="Enderlein" authorityYear="1913" box="[1304,1436,1873,1899]" class="Insecta" family="Tanypezidae" genus="Polphopeza" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="07C844686A48FFB2FA95F884DDC9A232" box="[1304,1436,1873,1899]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Polphopeza</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was synonymized with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F2BCE3F96A48FFB2FE2FF8A3DA66A2D6" authorityName="Hendel" authorityYear="1903" box="[418,563,1910,1935]" class="Insecta" family="Tanypezidae" genus="Neotanypeza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="07C844686A48FFB2FE2FF8A3DA66A2D6" box="[418,563,1910,1935]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Neotanypeza</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="512DE58B6A48FFB2FDD2F8A0DB45A2C9" author="Hennig, W." box="[607,784,1909,1936]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" pagination="27 - 38" refId="ref82984" refString="Hennig, W. (1936 a) Beitrage zur Kenntnis des Kopopulationsapparates und der Systematik der Tanypeziden (Dipt., Acalypt.). Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift, 1936, 27 - 38. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / mmnd. 48019360103" type="journal article" year="1936">Hennig (1936a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
but resurrected by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="512DE58B6A48FFB2FC60F8A0DCF9A2C9" author="Enderlein, G." box="[1005,1196,1909,1936]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" pagination="39 - 47" refId="ref79904" refString="Enderlein, G. (1936) Klassifikation der Tanypeziden. Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift, 1936, 39 - 47. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / mmnd. 48019360104" type="journal article" year="1936">Enderlein (1936)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
that same year.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="512DE58B6A48FFB2FAEBF8A3D971A2ED" author="Lonsdale, O." pageId="52" pageNumber="53" pagination="1 - 60" refId="ref86156" refString="Lonsdale, O. (2013) Review of the families Tanypezidae and Strongylophthalmyiidae, with a revision of Neotanypeza Hendel (Diptera: Schizophora). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 641, 1 - 60. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 19436696.641.1" type="journal article" year="2013">Lonsdale (2013)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
found that the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F2BCE3F96A48FFB2FE5EF84CDA35A2EA" authorityName="Rondani" authorityYear="1856" box="[467,608,1945,1971]" class="Insecta" family="Tanypezidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Tanypezidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
split quite easily between a north temperate
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F2BCE3F96A48FFB2FBECF84FDC9FA2EA" authorityName="Fallen" authorityYear="1820" box="[1121,1226,1946,1971]" class="Insecta" family="Tanypezidae" genus="Tanypeza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="07C844686A48FFB2FBECF84FDC9FA2EA" box="[1121,1226,1946,1971]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Tanypeza</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and a Neotropical
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F2BCE3F96A48FFB2FF1AF86BD97DA28E" authorityName="Hendel" authorityYear="1903" box="[151,296,1982,2007]" class="Insecta" family="Tanypezidae" genus="Neotanypeza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="07C844686A48FFB2FF1AF86BD97DA28E" box="[151,296,1982,2007]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Neotanypeza</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and since the internal structure of the latter did not lend itself to further subdivision, all of Enderlein’s genera were treated as synonyms of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F2BCE3F96A48FFB2FDA2F837DA95A2A2" authorityName="Hendel" authorityYear="1903" box="[559,704,2018,2043]" class="Insecta" family="Tanypezidae" genus="Neotanypeza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="07C844686A48FFB2FDA2F837DA95A2A2" box="[559,704,2018,2043]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Neotanypeza</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="7DA6CBF16A49FFB3FF4AFF4DDA4BA48A" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="3503987A6A49FFB3FF4AFF4DDDCCA43E" blockId="53.[151,1437,152,2015]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<emphasis id="07C844686A49FFB3FF4AFF4DD972A5EA" bold="true" box="[199,295,152,179]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Biology.</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="512DE58B6A49FFB3FEBCFF4CD9B5A5EA" author="Rohacek, J." box="[305,480,153,179]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" pagination="165 - 171" refId="ref92736" refString="Rohacek, J. (1998) Family Tanypezidae. In: Papp. L. & Darvas, B. (Eds.), Contributions to a Manual of Palaearctic Diptera (with special reference to flies of economic importance). Vol. 3. Science Herald, Budapest, pp. 165 - 171." type="book chapter" year="1998">Roháček (1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, 2016) collected European
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F2BCE3F96A49FFB3FCADFF4FDC5FA5EA" authorityName="Fallen" authorityYear="1820" box="[800,1034,153,179]" class="Insecta" family="Tanypezidae" genus="Tanypeza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longimana">
|
||
<emphasis id="07C844686A49FFB3FCADFF4FDC5FA5EA" box="[800,1034,153,179]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Tanypeza longimana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
adults in low vegetation in humid deciduous woods, often near running water. Collections were often at low altitudes in floodplains or submontane regions.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="512DE58B6A49FFB3FF7AFF34D9EFA5A2" author="Chandler, P. J." box="[247,442,224,251]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" pagination="66 - 72" refId="ref77770" refString="Chandler, P. J. (1975 a) Notes on the British status of three unusual acalypterate flies (Diptera). Proceedings and Transactions of the British Entomological and Natural History Society, 8, 66 - 72." type="journal article" year="1975">Chandler (1975a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
speculated that, like
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F2BCE3F96A49FFB3FD2BFF34DBDAA5A2" authorityName=", Shatalkin" authorityYear="1996" box="[678,911,225,251]" class="Insecta" family="Tanypezidae" genus="Strongylophthalmyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="07C844686A49FFB3FD2BFF34DBDAA5A2" box="[678,911,225,251]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Strongylophthalmyia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the larvae of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F2BCE3F96A49FFB3FBA0FF34DCECA5A2" authorityName="Rondani" authorityYear="1856" box="[1069,1209,225,251]" class="Insecta" family="Tanypezidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Tanypezidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
live in rotting wood and are at least partially saprophagous, and Roháček (2016) collected adults in a trap set over rotting wood. This speculation was partially supported by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="512DE58B6A49FFB3FDCAFEFCDA8FA41A" author="Foote, B. A." box="[583,730,297,323]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" pagination="235 - 238" refId="ref80954" refString="Foote, B. A. (1970) The larvae of Tanypeza longimana (Diptera: Tanypezidae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 63, 235 - 238. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / aesa / 63.1.235" type="journal article" year="1970">Foote (1970)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, who was able to raise larvae derived from a gravid female of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F2BCE3F96A49FFB3FA05FEFFD95BA43E" authorityName="Fallen" authorityYear="1820" class="Insecta" family="Tanypezidae" genus="Tanypeza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longimana">
|
||
<emphasis id="07C844686A49FFB3FA05FEFFD95BA43E" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">T. longimana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to the third instar on decayed watermelon rind. Nothing is known of the biology of Neotropical species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3503987A6A49FFB3FF4AFEA4DA4BA48A" blockId="53.[151,1437,152,2015]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<emphasis id="07C844686A49FFB3FF4AFEA4D9CDA4D2" bold="true" box="[199,408,369,395]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Immature stages.</emphasis>
|
||
Eggs of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F2BCE3F96A49FFB3FD8EFEA7DAB8A4D2" authorityName="Fallen" authorityYear="1820" box="[515,749,369,395]" class="Insecta" family="Tanypezidae" genus="Tanypeza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longimana">
|
||
<emphasis id="07C844686A49FFB3FD8EFEA7DAB8A4D2" box="[515,749,369,395]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Tanypeza longimana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F2BCE3F96A49FFB3FCA5FEA7DCECA4D5" authority="(Wiedemann)" baseAuthorityName="Wiedemann" baseAuthorityYear="1830" box="[808,1209,369,396]" class="Insecta" family="Tanypezidae" genus="Neotanypeza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elegans">
|
||
<emphasis id="07C844686A49FFB3FCA5FEA7DC4DA4D2" box="[808,1048,369,395]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Neotanypeza elegans</emphasis>
|
||
(Wiedemann)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were photographed and described by Lonsdale (2103). Descriptions of the three larval instars of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F2BCE3F96A49FFB3FC7BFE43DCDFA4F6" authorityName="Fallen" authorityYear="1820" box="[1014,1162,405,431]" class="Insecta" family="Tanypezidae" genus="Tanypeza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longimana">
|
||
<emphasis id="07C844686A49FFB3FC7BFE43DCDFA4F6" box="[1014,1162,405,431]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">T. longimana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were provided by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="512DE58B6A49FFB3FAD1FE40D8B0A48A" author="Foote, B. A." pageId="53" pageNumber="54" pagination="235 - 238" refId="ref80954" refString="Foote, B. A. (1970) The larvae of Tanypeza longimana (Diptera: Tanypezidae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 63, 235 - 238. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / aesa / 63.1.235" type="journal article" year="1970">Foote (1970)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. The puparium is unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="7DA6CBF16A49FFB0FF4AFE09DC0CA1B2" lastPageId="54" lastPageNumber="55" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="3503987A6A49FFB3FF4AFE09DA8AA7AA" blockId="53.[151,1437,152,2015]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<emphasis id="07C844686A49FFB3FF4AFE09D9DBA4AE" bold="true" box="[199,398,476,503]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Adult Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
Relatively large flies, 5.0–
|
||
<quantity id="F244359F6A49FFB3FD4EFE09DB4AA4AE" box="[707,799,476,503]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.21" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" unit="mm" value="12.1">12.1mm</quantity>
|
||
in length, with stout thorax and long, slender legs (
|
||
<figureCitation id="AD8784FF6A49FFB3FAE6FE08D8ABA742" captionStart="FIGURES 257–262" captionStartId="128.[151,264,1799,1824]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,174,1780]" captionTargetId="figure@128.[151,1436,174,1780]" captionTargetPageId="128" captionText="FIGURES 257–262. Figs 257–260: Neotanypeza claripennis Schiner (Tanypezidae), female; 257: dorsal; 258: lateral; 259: head, anterior; 260: head, dorsal. Fig. 261: Neotanypeza sp., female, Peru. Fig. 262: Nartshukia musiva Shatalkin (Strongylophthalmyiidae), female holotype." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3670837" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3670837/files/figure.png" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Figs 257–261</figureCitation>
|
||
). Mostly black with legs, antenna and face often yellow in part, but parts of thorax and abdomen sometimes also pale; silvery tomentose stripes on thorax, occiput, parafacial and frons; vertex with flat, circular, variably tomentose “ocellar disc” separating ocelli from back of head; frontal vitta velvety black to dark purple. Head higher than long, hemispherical. Antenna elbowed with first flagellomere usually broad and approximately two times longer than wide. Postgena with long white hairs. Vibrissa, outer vertical, acrostichal, proepisternal and katepisternal setae absent; ocellar seta small. Greater ampulla present. Veins R
|
||
<subScript id="A9389A3F6A49FFB3FCF1FD13DBC3A78D" attach="left" box="[892,918,710,724]" fontSize="6" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">4+5</subScript>
|
||
and M
|
||
<subScript id="A9389A3F6A49FFB3FC68FD13DBB8A78D" attach="left" box="[997,1005,710,724]" fontSize="6" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">1</subScript>
|
||
converging; subcosta complete; costa unbroken; vein R
|
||
<subScript id="A9389A3F6A49FFB3FED7FD3FD937A7A1" attach="left" box="[346,354,746,760]" fontSize="6" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">1</subScript>
|
||
setulose dorsally (
|
||
<figureCitation id="AD8784FF6A49FFB3FDBEFD0CDA86A7AA" box="[563,723,729,755]" captionStart="FIGURES 411–422" captionStartId="148.[151,264,1799,1824]" captionTargetBox="[151,1433,193,1772]" captionTargetId="figure@148.[151,1436,174,1780]" captionTargetPageId="148" captionText="FIGURES 411–422. Wings: 411: Fergusonina sp. (Fergusoninidae); 412: Odontoloxozus longicornis (Coquillett) (Neriidae); 413: Clisa australis (McAlpine) (Cypselosomatidae); 414: Formicosepsis sp. (Cypselosomatidae); 415: Pseudopomyza (Rhinopomyzella) nigrimana Hennig (Pseudopomyzidae); 416: Latheticomyia sp. (Pseudopomyzidae); 417: Nartshukia musiva Shatalkin, holotype (Strongylophthalmyiidae); 418: Strongylophthalmyia angustipennis Melander (Strongylophthalmyiidae); 419: Tanypeza longimana Fallén (Tanypezidae); 420: Neotanypeza marshalli Lonsdale (Tanypezidae); 421: Compsobata mima (Hennig) (Micropezidae); 422: Micropeza sp. (Micropezidae)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3670878" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3670878/files/figure.png" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Figs 419–420</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3503987A6A49FFB3FF4AFD29D929A6DA" blockId="53.[151,1437,152,2015]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<emphasis id="07C844686A49FFB3FF4AFD29D9C5A64E" bold="true" box="[199,400,764,791]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Adult Definition.</emphasis>
|
||
Body length 5.0–
|
||
<quantity id="F244359F6A49FFB3FDDAFD29DAE0A64E" box="[599,693,764,791]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.21" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" unit="mm" value="12.1">12.1mm</quantity>
|
||
. Colour predominantly dark brown to black, with legs partially yellow (more so towards base), and antenna and face (with lateral stripes) often yellow to pale yellow or white in part; additional sections of thorax and abdomen less commonly yellow; head, thorax and male S8 with silvery tomentose stripes; halter white.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3503987A6A49FFB3FF4AFC58DDD8A0C6" blockId="53.[151,1437,152,2015]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<emphasis id="07C844686A49FFB3FF4AFC58D912A6FE" box="[199,327,909,935]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Chaetotaxy</emphasis>
|
||
: 1 inner vertical; 0 outer verticals; 0–2 fronto-orbitals (reclinate, anterior seta smaller if present); 1 ocellar (small to minute); 1 postocellar (divergent, very small in extant
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F2BCE3F96A49FFB3FC38FC67DC13A692" authorityName="Hendel" authorityYear="1903" box="[949,1094,946,971]" class="Insecta" family="Tanypezidae" genus="Neotanypeza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="07C844686A49FFB3FC38FC67DC13A692" box="[949,1094,946,971]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Neotanypeza</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); vibrissa absent. Pedicel with dominant dorsal seta. Orbital setulae minute, in single row. Gena with row of short, dense setulae. Postgena with dense long white hairs. Subgenal setae distinct. Postocculars small, dark, blending into pale scattered pile laterally; sometimes with one or two postocculars shifted ventromedially as small, thin paraverticals. 0–1 presutural intraalar; 0–1 postpronotal; 2 notopleurals; 2 posterior supra-alars; 0–1 posterior intra-alar; 1–3 dorsocentrals (postsutural); 0 acrostichals; 2 scutellars; 0 proepisternals (sometimes with outstanding setula that resembles proepisternal); 1 anepisternal, usually also with additional elongate setae along posterior margin that are often thinner and shorter; 0 katepisternals. Vein R
|
||
<subScript id="A9389A3F6A49FFB3FE20FB6BD9E0A195" attach="left" box="[429,437,1214,1228]" fontSize="6" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">1</subScript>
|
||
setulose dorsally. Halter stalk with series of small black dorsal setulae. Pleuron with long, pale, sparse pile, with longest hairs on anepimeron; with large shining to subshining regions. Mid tibia with ventroapical seta; sometimes with slightly pronounced setulae around antero- or posterolateral margins.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F2BCE3F96A49FFB3FABEFB23DDC9A056" authorityName="Fallen" authorityYear="1820" box="[1331,1436,1270,1295]" class="Insecta" family="Tanypezidae" genus="Tanypeza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="07C844686A49FFB3FABEFB23DDC9A056" box="[1331,1436,1270,1295]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Tanypeza</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
males with stout back setae anteromedially on hind trochanter and posterobasally on hind femur.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F2BCE3F96A49FFB3FB5EFACFDD31A06A" authorityName="Hendel" authorityYear="1903" box="[1235,1380,1306,1331]" class="Insecta" family="Tanypezidae" genus="Neotanypeza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="07C844686A49FFB3FB5EFACFDD31A06A" box="[1235,1380,1306,1331]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Neotanypeza</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with slightly pronounced setae along posteroventral margin of femora that are only darker and slightly pronounced on fore femur; apicodorsal surface of fore femur and posteromedial surface of mid femur sometimes with strong setae; mid tibia sometimes with slightly darker, thickened posteromedial setulae. T2 with long, stout anterolateral setae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3503987A6A49FFB3FF4AFA7CDAF3A272" blockId="53.[151,1437,152,2015]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<emphasis id="07C844686A49FFB3FF4AFA7CD951A09A" box="[199,260,1449,1475]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Head</emphasis>
|
||
. Large with back relatively flat, abruptly meeting vertex. Antenna elbowed with first flagellomere usually broad and more than two times longer than wide; arista short plumose to pubescent, subbasal; bases of antennae approximated. Frons usually black to dark purple and velvety; strongly narrowed in male; postgena, gena and parafacial silvery tomentose, with silvery band extending along lateral margin of frons to varying extents; frons and face microstriate. Ocelli separated from posterior margin of frons by variably tomentose, circular “ocellar disc” (
|
||
<figureCitation id="AD8784FF6A49FFB3FF2DF988D956A321" box="[160,259,1629,1656]" captionStart="FIGURES 257–262" captionStartId="128.[151,264,1799,1824]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,174,1780]" captionTargetId="figure@128.[151,1436,174,1780]" captionTargetPageId="128" captionText="FIGURES 257–262. Figs 257–260: Neotanypeza claripennis Schiner (Tanypezidae), female; 257: dorsal; 258: lateral; 259: head, anterior; 260: head, dorsal. Fig. 261: Neotanypeza sp., female, Peru. Fig. 262: Nartshukia musiva Shatalkin (Strongylophthalmyiidae), female holotype." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3670837" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3670837/files/figure.png" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Fig. 260</figureCitation>
|
||
). Face membranous (slightly more heavily sclerotized dorsally and along antennal grooves), bulging dorsomedially but mostly flat and grading smoothly into buccal cavity. Lunule narrow, small. Gena very narrow, short, shifted anteriorly and angled dorsally, bringing forward posterior genal angle; parafacial and gena with series of slightly longer pale hairs. Foramen large, nearly ⅓ width of back of head and almost reaching large buccal cavity. Clypeus relatively narrow with margins subparallel and anterior margin rounded, recessed within buccal cavity; palpus broadly ovate and laterally compressed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3503987A6A49FFB3FF4AF8E0DA45A286" blockId="53.[151,1437,152,2015]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<emphasis id="07C844686A49FFB3FF4AF8E0D94DA216" box="[199,280,1845,1871]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Thorax</emphasis>
|
||
. Relatively large and stout; with silvery tomentose stripes, including one from notopleuron to meron or katepisternum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="AD8784FF6A49FFB3FECBF88CD9BDA22A" box="[326,488,1880,1907]" captionStart="FIGURES 257–262" captionStartId="128.[151,264,1799,1824]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,174,1780]" captionTargetId="figure@128.[151,1436,174,1780]" captionTargetPageId="128" captionText="FIGURES 257–262. Figs 257–260: Neotanypeza claripennis Schiner (Tanypezidae), female; 257: dorsal; 258: lateral; 259: head, anterior; 260: head, dorsal. Fig. 261: Neotanypeza sp., female, Peru. Fig. 262: Nartshukia musiva Shatalkin (Strongylophthalmyiidae), female holotype." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3670837" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3670837/files/figure.png" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Figs 257–261</figureCitation>
|
||
);
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F2BCE3F96A49FFB3FE71F88FDA30A22A" authorityName="Fallen" authorityYear="1820" box="[508,613,1882,1907]" class="Insecta" family="Tanypezidae" genus="Tanypeza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="07C844686A49FFB3FE71F88FDA30A22A" box="[508,613,1882,1907]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Tanypeza</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with less distinct medial stripe on scutum. Katatergite relatively narrow and bulging. Greater ampulla present. Katepisternum with deep recess anterior to meron. Precoxal bridge well-developed, broad, with suture between proepisternum and postpronotum evident; postmetacoxal bridge present, with medial suture or gap in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F2BCE3F96A49FFB3FE2DF813DA5CA286" authorityName="Fallen" authorityYear="1820" box="[416,521,1990,2015]" class="Insecta" family="Tanypezidae" genus="Tanypeza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="07C844686A49FFB3FE2DF813DA5CA286" box="[416,521,1990,2015]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Tanypeza</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3503987A6A4AFFB0FF4AFF4FDADCA446" blockId="54.[151,1437,153,1259]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<emphasis id="07C844686A4AFFB0FF4AFF4FD954A5EA" box="[199,257,154,179]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Wing</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<figureCitation id="AD8784FF6A4AFFB0FE94FF4CD9EDA5EA" box="[281,440,153,179]" captionStart="FIGURES 411–422" captionStartId="148.[151,264,1799,1824]" captionTargetBox="[151,1433,193,1772]" captionTargetId="figure@148.[151,1436,174,1780]" captionTargetPageId="148" captionText="FIGURES 411–422. Wings: 411: Fergusonina sp. (Fergusoninidae); 412: Odontoloxozus longicornis (Coquillett) (Neriidae); 413: Clisa australis (McAlpine) (Cypselosomatidae); 414: Formicosepsis sp. (Cypselosomatidae); 415: Pseudopomyza (Rhinopomyzella) nigrimana Hennig (Pseudopomyzidae); 416: Latheticomyia sp. (Pseudopomyzidae); 417: Nartshukia musiva Shatalkin, holotype (Strongylophthalmyiidae); 418: Strongylophthalmyia angustipennis Melander (Strongylophthalmyiidae); 419: Tanypeza longimana Fallén (Tanypezidae); 420: Neotanypeza marshalli Lonsdale (Tanypezidae); 421: Compsobata mima (Hennig) (Micropezidae); 422: Micropeza sp. (Micropezidae)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3670878" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3670878/files/figure.png" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Figs 419–420</figureCitation>
|
||
) Clear to variously pigmented, often with apical or anterodistal infuscation. Veins R
|
||
<subScript id="A9389A3F6A4AFFB0FA0EFF7FDDC8A5E1" attach="left" box="[1411,1437,170,184]" fontSize="6" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">4+5</subScript>
|
||
and M
|
||
<subScript id="A9389A3F6A4AFFB0FF6DFF1BD8BDA585" attach="left" box="[224,232,206,220]" fontSize="6" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">1</subScript>
|
||
converging apically. Calypter broad and lobe-like with marginal hairs long; lower calypter densely haired, “fuzzy”. Vein CuA strongly bowed. M
|
||
<subScript id="A9389A3F6A4AFFB0FDDFFF27DA0FA459" attach="left" box="[594,602,242,256]" fontSize="6" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">4</subScript>
|
||
reaching wing margin, sometimes as fold; CuA+CuP not reaching wing margin.
|
||
<collectingRegion id="F77856986A4AFFB0FF79FED0D961A446" box="[244,308,261,287]" country="Tanzania" name="Pwani" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Costa</collectingRegion>
|
||
unbroken; subcosta complete.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3503987A6A4AFFB0FF4AFEFFDB00A4D2" blockId="54.[151,1437,153,1259]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<emphasis id="07C844686A4AFFB0FF4AFEFFD8A9A41A" box="[199,252,298,323]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Legs</emphasis>
|
||
. Legs long and slender. Mid tibia with several small ventroapical setae. Hind tibia deviated subbasally in extant
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F2BCE3F96A4AFFB0FF6EFE9BD921A43E" authorityName="Hendel" authorityYear="1903" box="[227,372,334,359]" class="Insecta" family="Tanypezidae" genus="Neotanypeza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="07C844686A4AFFB0FF6EFE9BD921A43E" box="[227,372,334,359]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Neotanypeza</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Hind basitarsus with ventrobasal protuberance that is shallow in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F2BCE3F96A4AFFB0FBD6FE9BDC91A43E" authorityName="Fallen" authorityYear="1820" box="[1115,1220,334,359]" class="Insecta" family="Tanypezidae" genus="Tanypeza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="07C844686A4AFFB0FBD6FE9BDC91A43E" box="[1115,1220,334,359]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Tanypeza</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and pronounced in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F2BCE3F96A4AFFB0FF1AFEA7D97DA4D2" authorityName="Hendel" authorityYear="1903" box="[151,296,370,395]" class="Insecta" family="Tanypezidae" genus="Neotanypeza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="07C844686A4AFFB0FF1AFEA7D97DA4D2" box="[151,296,370,395]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Neotanypeza</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Mid and hind tarsi with stout ventrolateral setae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3503987A6A4AFFB0FF4AFE40D8EAA742" blockId="54.[151,1437,153,1259]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<emphasis id="07C844686A4AFFB0FF4AFE40D964A4F6" box="[199,305,405,431]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Abdomen</emphasis>
|
||
. Spiracles in membrane below tergite; male 7
|
||
<superScript id="C2C935326A4AFFB0FCB2FE41DB19A4FB" attach="left" box="[831,844,404,418]" fontSize="6" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">th</superScript>
|
||
spiracle ventral, lateral to inner-distal margin of S8 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="AD8784FF6A4AFFB0FF2DFE6CD954A48D" box="[160,257,441,468]" captionStart="FIGURES 263–268" captionStartId="129.[151,264,1740,1765]" captionTargetBox="[162,1426,181,1709]" captionTargetId="figure@129.[151,1436,174,1721]" captionTargetPageId="129" captionText="FIGURES 263–268. Figs 263–267: Tanypeza longimana Fallén (Tanypezidae), male abdomen; 263: terminalia, posterior; 264: same, anterior; 265: same, lateral; 266: internal genitalia, with rotated view of phallus apex inset; 267: apex of segment 5 to sternite 8, ventral. Fig. 268: Neotanypeza rutila (Wulp) (Tanypezidae), male internal genitalia, ventral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3670839" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3670839/files/figure.png" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Fig. 264</figureCitation>
|
||
). T2 with stout anterolateral setae. Sternites narrow with S1 broader; S2 sometimes entire, but usually with anterior margin divided into separate, transverse sclerite, with adjoining margins of both sclerites doubly emarginate.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3503987A6A4AFFB0FF4AFDF0DB2FA6B6" blockId="54.[151,1437,153,1259]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<emphasis id="07C844686A4AFFB0FF4AFDF0D93AA766" box="[199,367,549,575]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Male genitalia</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<figureCitation id="AD8784FF6A4AFFB0FE05FDF0DA7DA719" box="[392,552,549,576]" captionStart="FIGURES 263–268" captionStartId="129.[151,264,1740,1765]" captionTargetBox="[162,1426,181,1709]" captionTargetId="figure@129.[151,1436,174,1721]" captionTargetPageId="129" captionText="FIGURES 263–268. Figs 263–267: Tanypeza longimana Fallén (Tanypezidae), male abdomen; 263: terminalia, posterior; 264: same, anterior; 265: same, lateral; 266: internal genitalia, with rotated view of phallus apex inset; 267: apex of segment 5 to sternite 8, ventral. Fig. 268: Neotanypeza rutila (Wulp) (Tanypezidae), male internal genitalia, ventral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3670839" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3670839/files/figure.png" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Figs 263–268</figureCitation>
|
||
) S6 subrectangular, usually asymmetrical, shifted towards S7; partially desclerotized with dark shining band on left lateral margin. Fusion of S7 and S8 extensive; both often with reduced chaetotaxy. S8 silvery tomentose. Surstylus completely fused to epandrium with suture absent;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F2BCE3F96A4AFFB0FB5FFDBBDD36A7DE" authorityName="Hendel" authorityYear="1903" box="[1234,1379,622,647]" class="Insecta" family="Tanypezidae" genus="Neotanypeza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="07C844686A4AFFB0FB5FFDBBDD36A7DE" box="[1234,1379,622,647]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Neotanypeza</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with stout, pointed inner-distal setae that are also often found on outer-posterior surface. Cerci well-developed, narrow, fused along most of length. Subepandrial sclerite composed of one pair of narrow, ventrally converging plates. Hypandrium with halves separate ventrally (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F2BCE3F96A4AFFB0FDE8FD0FDA9BA7AA" authorityName="Fallen" authorityYear="1820" box="[613,718,730,755]" class="Insecta" family="Tanypezidae" genus="Tanypeza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="07C844686A4AFFB0FDE8FD0FDA9BA7AA" box="[613,718,730,755]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Tanypeza</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) or with weak to well-developed anteroventral bridge; setae few or absent; arms usually separate. Phallic plate composed of two articulating sclerites that fold flat over each other. Phallapodeme long, rod-like, sometimes with one pair of anteromedial processes fused to inner surface of hypandrium. Pregonite long, narrow, band-like, with apex slightly swollen and setose and base curved to fuse to inner surface of hypandrium. Postgonite absent. Epiphallus absent. Basiphallus small, fused to distiphallus. Distiphallus of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F2BCE3F96A4AFFB0FF3BFC5BD94AA6FE" authorityName="Fallen" authorityYear="1820" box="[182,287,910,935]" class="Insecta" family="Tanypezidae" genus="Tanypeza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="07C844686A4AFFB0FF3BFC5BD94AA6FE" box="[182,287,910,935]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Tanypeza</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
long, straight, partially membranous with ventral sclerotized bands and apical “glans”; distiphallus of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F2BCE3F96A4AFFB0FF1AFC67D97DA692" authorityName="Hendel" authorityYear="1903" box="[151,296,946,971]" class="Insecta" family="Tanypezidae" genus="Neotanypeza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="07C844686A4AFFB0FF1AFC67D97DA692" box="[151,296,946,971]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Neotanypeza</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
flat and rod-like, short to relatively long, usually with at least lateral margins sclerotized, and uncommonly with medial break. Ejaculatory apodeme small, finger-like.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3503987A6A4AFFB0FF4AFC2CDC0CA1B2" blockId="54.[151,1437,153,1259]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<emphasis id="07C844686A4AFFB0FF4AFC2CD9DDA14A" box="[199,392,1017,1043]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Female genitalia</emphasis>
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. (
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<figureCitation id="AD8784FF6A4AFFB0FE2DFC2CDA6BA14D" box="[416,574,1017,1044]" captionStart="FIGURES 269–273" captionStartId="130.[151,264,1602,1627]" captionTargetBox="[160,1429,185,1571]" captionTargetId="figure@130.[151,1436,174,1583]" captionTargetPageId="130" captionText="FIGURES 269–273. Figs 269–272: Neotanypeza elegans (Wiedemann) (Tanypezidae), female abdomen; 269: segment 6 to cerci, dorsal; 270: same, ventral; 271: abdomen, lateral; 272: internal genitalia. Fig. 273: Tanypeza longimana Fallén (Tanypezidae), ventral receptacle." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3670841" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3670841/files/figure.png" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Figs 269–271</figureCitation>
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) Tergites and sternites separate. Segments 7–10 forming slender ovipositor that mostly retracts within segment 6, which is widest anterior to midpoint; with long intersegmental regions that are minutely trichose basally between segments 6 and 7 and segments 7 and 8. S7, S8, T7 and T8 divided medially, forming narrow bands, with reduced setae on segment 8. T10 and S10 tapered apically, with reduced setae; S10 with long internal process. Cerci moderately long, curved in cross-section, connected along length by membrane and fused along distoventral margin. Ventral receptacle composed of small dome over series of vesicles. Spermathecae spherical and pigmented, surface minutely papillose; ducts moderately long and clear.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |