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<document id="5B98A96130B1C309BDE204CD9961FD11" ID-CLB-Dataset="29515" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4483.1.6" ID-GBIF-Dataset="b9453839-5f43-4081-a642-f7bb30caf894" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1437570" ID-ZooBank="05A08470-9473-4147-B54B-AB0C90173572" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1538122078703" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Ramalho, Laís V., Taylor, Paul D., Moraes, Fernando Coreixas, Moura, Rodrigo, Amado-Filho, Gilberto M. &amp; Bastos, Alex C." docDate="2018" docId="6C3EF226FFA87900FF43FB3BFD78FCE2" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4483.1.6.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4483 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Stylopoma hastata Ramalho &amp; Taylor &amp; Moraes &amp; Moura &amp; Amado-Filho &amp; Bastos 2018, n. sp." docType="treatment" docUuid="E22F7421-4314-44B3-AD1C-08185CD2E844" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="169" masterDocId="90078A5EFFA5790EFFD4FFCFFFB0FFDA" masterDocTitle="Bryozoan framework composition in the oddly shaped reefs from Abrolhos Bank, Brazil, southwestern Atlantic: taxonomy and ecology" masterLastPageNumber="186" masterPageNumber="155" pageNumber="168" updateTime="1698555852733" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="DE2E52130F15FFE47CA04C440F473EC6" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="297E59A6F053A55B4093699305ECA535">
<mods:title id="AFDB884E3F25FFEC60AEE720D5D5ECCD">Bryozoan framework composition in the oddly shaped reefs from Abrolhos Bank, Brazil, southwestern Atlantic: taxonomy and ecology</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="FB3BB04C9FB3FBF16A23DC7234FC5F19">Ramalho, Laís V.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="3FBF942A277AF583FEB0CEF73C09422B">Taylor, Paul D.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="437A22BF72E14477FE52266131173C10">Moraes, Fernando Coreixas</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="1EC9641EAC7EABCD48ED72368FC68964" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="06B91057AC3217D2C28604ABA4D89465">Moura, Rodrigo</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="DDEA1B4A5090F03FACD2F2D74D34A3EE">Amado-Filho, Gilberto M.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="C88649A7F9F53B7FC24E16B034E17524">Bastos, Alex C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="34429849B11B457A1768AB4156FC6D31">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="84FE9FD3AE2890DAD42F718FBFFD15C9">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="FFAF113EF8A90D0C463E093F842544B6">
<mods:date id="6D00B30F0A9801F634CF00DE518E2CA8">2018</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="E1A1D02932B90E94B552A81A05A61978">2018-09-20</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="C38EFAE71FEE19F3E861D93BA1E7A0AE">4483</mods:number>
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<treatment id="6C3EF226FFA87900FF43FB3BFD78FCE2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5952382" ID-GBIF-Taxon="148403544" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5952382" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:E22F7421-4314-44B3-AD1C-08185CD2E844" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6C3EF226FFA87900FF43FB3BFD78FCE2" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="169" pageId="13" pageNumber="168">
<subSubSection id="AC8D10BBFFA87903FF43FB3BFEADFAF5" pageId="13" pageNumber="168" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="E4284330FFA87903FF43FB3BFE0CFAD4" blockId="13.[151,444,1268,1327]" box="[151,444,1268,1294]" pageId="13" pageNumber="168">
<heading id="BF60F45CFFA87903FF43FB3BFE0CFAD4" bold="true" box="[151,444,1268,1294]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="168" reason="1">
<emphasis id="D6E39F22FFA87903FF43FB3BFE0CFAD4" bold="true" box="[151,444,1268,1294]" pageId="13" pageNumber="168">
<taxonomicName id="239738B3FFA87903FF43FB3BFEC3FAD4" authority="Ramalho &amp; Taylor &amp; Moraes &amp; Moura &amp; Amado-Filho &amp; Bastos, 2018" authorityName="Ramalho &amp; Taylor &amp; Moraes &amp; Moura &amp; Amado-Filho &amp; Bastos" authorityYear="2018" box="[151,371,1268,1294]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Schizoporellidae" genus="Stylopoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="13" pageNumber="168" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="hastata" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="D6E39F22FFA87903FF43FB3BFEC3FAD4" bold="true" box="[151,371,1268,1294]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="168">Stylopoma hastata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CDD02259FFA87903FEAEFB3BFE0CFAD4" box="[378,444,1268,1294]" pageId="13" pageNumber="168" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E4284330FFA87903FF43FAD9FEADFAF5" blockId="13.[151,444,1268,1327]" box="[151,285,1302,1327]" pageId="13" pageNumber="168">
<emphasis id="D6E39F22FFA87903FF43FAD9FF10FAF5" bold="true" box="[151,160,1302,1327]" pageId="13" pageNumber="168">(</emphasis>
<figureCitation id="7CAC5FB5FFA87903FF74FAD9FEA4FAF5" box="[160,276,1302,1327]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1758,1780]" captionTargetBox="[261,1316,193,1732]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[261,1317,193,1732]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 5. Scanning electron micrographs of five bryozoan species. A, B. Stylopoma variabilis n. sp. A. Detail of a small fragment showing some zooids and an ooecium. B. Frontal view of one ooecium showing the crescent-shaped aperture and the fused and asymmetrical labellum. C–E. Stylopoma hastata n. sp. C. Detail of part of the colony showing zooids and different kinds of avicularia: small and triangular lateral oral avicularia, two large and spear-shaped interzooidal avicularia, and a giant elongated and curved avicularium. D. Detail of the distal part of a zooid showing the orifice with U-shaped sinus, small condyles, and a triangular lateral avicularium. E. Detail of a giant avicularium with curved, elongate rostrum. F. Hippaliosina imperfecta, detail of two zooids with a pair of elongate distal avicularia. G. Utinga castanea, detail of the colony showing zooids with different kinds of avicularia and ooecia with a pair of small avicularia. H. Arthropoma cecilii, detail of fertile and infertile zooids showing orifices, perforate frontal walls and smooth ooecia." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1437581/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="168">Fig. 5C–E</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="AC8D10BBFFA87903FF43FA91FC54FAAE" box="[151,996,1374,1397]" pageId="13" pageNumber="168" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="E4284330FFA87903FF43FA91FC54FAAE" blockId="13.[151,996,1374,1397]" box="[151,996,1374,1397]" pageId="13" pageNumber="168">
<taxonomicName id="239738B3FFA87903FF43FA91FEB1FAAE" ID-CoL="84TXY" authorityName="Ramalho &amp; Taylor &amp; Moraes &amp; Moura &amp; Amado-Filho &amp; Bastos" authorityYear="2018" box="[151,257,1374,1396]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Schizoporellidae" genus="Stylopoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="13" pageNumber="168" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D6E39F22FFA87903FF43FA91FEB1FAAE" box="[151,257,1374,1396]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="168">Stylopoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. 2:
<bibRefCitation id="80063EC1FFA87903FE90FA91FE5DFAAE" box="[324,493,1374,1397]" pageId="13" pageNumber="168" refId="ref20069" refString="Reis, V. M., Karez, C. S., Mariath, R., Moraes, F. C., Carvalho, R. T., Brasileiro, P. S., Bahia, R. G., Lotufo, T. M. C., Ramalho, L. V., Moura, R. L., Francini-Filho, R. B., Pereira-Filho, G. H., Thompson, F. L., Bastos, A. C., Salgado, L. T. &amp; Amado-Filho, G. M. (2016) Carbonate production by benthic communities on shallow coralgal reefs of Abrolhos Bank, Brazil. PLoS ONE, 11 (4), e 0154417. https: // doi. org / 10.1371 / journal. pone. 0154417" type="journal article">
Reis
<emphasis id="D6E39F22FFA87903FEACFAAFFE14FAAE" box="[376,420,1374,1397]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="168">et al</emphasis>
., 2016
</bibRefCitation>
: supplementary table;
<bibRefCitation id="80063EC1FFA87903FD05FA90FC20FAAE" box="[721,912,1374,1397]" pageId="13" pageNumber="168" refId="ref16241" refString="Bastos, A. C., Moura, R. L., Moraes, F. C., Vieira, L. S., Braga, J. C., Ramalho, L. V., Amado-Filho, J. M., Magdalena, U. R. &amp; Webster, J. M. (2018) Bryozoans are Major Modern Builders of South Atlantic Oddly Shaped Reefs. Scientific Reports, 8 (9638). 1 - 11. https: // doi. org / 10.1038 / s 41598 - 018 - 27961 - 6" type="journal article">
Bastos
<emphasis id="D6E39F22FFA87903FCCFFAAFFCF7FAAE" box="[795,839,1374,1397]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="168">et al</emphasis>
., 2018
</bibRefCitation>
: table 1.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="AC8D10BBFFA87903FF43FA6EFBF3F9DB" pageId="13" pageNumber="168" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="E4284330FFA87903FF43FA6EFBF3F9DB" blockId="13.[151,1436,1441,2006]" pageId="13" pageNumber="168">
<materialsCitation id="54FF496DFFA87903FF43FA6EFCDDFA04" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1913860707" collectingDate="2014-02" collectorName="Parcel dos Abrolhos &amp; R. Moura &amp; Amado-Filho" country="Brazil" elevation="4" location="Material" municipality="Abrolhos Bank" pageId="13" pageNumber="168" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Bahia" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="D6E39F22FFA87903FF43FA6EFE33FA60" bold="true" box="[151,387,1441,1466]" pageId="13" pageNumber="168">
<location id="E14815EBFFA87903FF43FA6EFF4FFA60" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6C3EF226FFA87900FF43FB3BFD78FCE2:E14815EBFFA87903FF43FA6EFF4FFA60" box="[151,255,1441,1466]" country="Brazil" municipality="Abrolhos Bank" name="Material" pageId="13" pageNumber="168" stateProvince="Bahia">Material</location>
examined.
</emphasis>
<collectingMunicipality id="044CD94AFFA87903FE59FA6EFD8DFA60" box="[397,573,1441,1466]" pageId="13" pageNumber="168">Abrolhos Bank</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingRegion id="26538DD2FFA87903FD9FFA6EFD3CFA60" box="[587,652,1441,1466]" country="Brazil" name="Bahia" pageId="13" pageNumber="168">Bahia</collectingRegion>
State,
<collectingCountry id="9C8003A0FFA87903FD0AFA6EFC97FA60" box="[734,807,1441,1466]" name="Brazil" pageId="13" pageNumber="168">Brazil</collectingCountry>
:
<typeStatus id="3B2CFD92FFA87903FCE0FA6EFC11FA60" box="[820,929,1441,1466]" pageId="13" pageNumber="168" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
: MNRJ-Bry1357,
<collectorName id="496226E6FFA87903FBA1FA6EFAD0FA60" box="[1141,1376,1441,1466]" pageId="13" pageNumber="168">Parcel dos Abrolhos</collectorName>
,
<elevation id="6FBAA403FFA87903FABBFA6DFA2CFA63" box="[1391,1436,1442,1466]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="168" unit="m" value="4.0">
<quantity id="236FEED5FFA87903FABBFA6DFA2CFA63" box="[1391,1436,1442,1466]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="168" unit="m" value="4.0">4 m</quantity>
</elevation>
depth,
<collectingDate id="806D9C18FFA87903FF3EFA0AFE28FA04" box="[234,408,1477,1502]" pageId="13" pageNumber="168" value="2014-02">
<date id="902965F0FFA87903FF3EFA0AFE28FA04" box="[234,408,1477,1502]" pageId="13" pageNumber="168" value="2014-02">February 2014</date>
</collectingDate>
, col.
<collectorName id="496226E6FFA87903FE35FA09FDE5FA07" box="[481,597,1478,1501]" pageId="13" pageNumber="168">R. Moura</collectorName>
, G.
<collectorName id="496226E6FFA87903FD59FA0AFC94FA04" box="[653,804,1477,1502]" pageId="13" pageNumber="168">Amado-Filho</collectorName>
&amp; A
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="54FF496DFFA87903FCABFA09FBF3F9DB" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1913860720" collectingDate="2014-02" collectorName="Parcel dos Abrolhos &amp; R. Moura &amp; Amado-Filho &amp; Bastos." country="Brazil" elevation="15" location="Bastos" pageId="13" pageNumber="168" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Bahia" typeStatus="paratype">
<location id="E14815EBFFA87903FCABFA09FC7DFA07" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6C3EF226FFA87900FF43FB3BFD78FCE2:E14815EBFFA87903FCABFA09FC7DFA07" box="[895,973,1478,1501]" country="Brazil" name="Bastos" pageId="13" pageNumber="168" stateProvince="Bahia">Bastos</location>
;
<typeStatus id="3B2CFD92FFA87903FC0BFA09FBF6FA04" box="[991,1094,1478,1502]" pageId="13" pageNumber="168" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
: MNRJ-Bry1367,
<collectorName id="496226E6FFA87903FAF5FA0AFEB2F9D8" pageId="13" pageNumber="168">Parcel dos Abrolhos</collectorName>
,
<elevation id="6FBAA403FFA87903FED9FA26FEF6F9DB" box="[269,326,1513,1538]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="13" pageNumber="168" unit="m" value="15.0">
<quantity id="236FEED5FFA87903FED9FA26FEF6F9DB" box="[269,326,1513,1538]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="13" pageNumber="168" unit="m" value="15.0">15 m</quantity>
</elevation>
depth,
<collectingDate id="806D9C18FFA87903FE4DFA26FDF0F9D8" box="[409,576,1513,1538]" pageId="13" pageNumber="168" value="2014-02">
<date id="902965F0FFA87903FE4DFA26FDF0F9D8" box="[409,576,1513,1538]" pageId="13" pageNumber="168" value="2014-02">February 2014</date>
</collectingDate>
, col.
<collectorName id="496226E6FFA87903FDAFFA25FD59F9DB" box="[635,745,1514,1537]" pageId="13" pageNumber="168">R. Moura</collectorName>
, G.
<collectorName id="496226E6FFA87903FCC0FA26FC1BF9D8" box="[788,939,1513,1538]" pageId="13" pageNumber="168">Amado-Filho</collectorName>
&amp; A.
<collectorName id="496226E6FFA87903FC25FA25FBF3F9DB" box="[1009,1091,1514,1537]" pageId="13" pageNumber="168">Bastos.</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="AC8D10BBFFA87903FF13F9C2FD0CF990" pageId="13" pageNumber="168" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="E4284330FFA87903FF13F9C2FD0CF990" blockId="13.[151,1436,1441,2006]" pageId="13" pageNumber="168">
<emphasis id="D6E39F22FFA87903FF13F9C2FEFEF9FF" bold="true" box="[199,334,1549,1574]" pageId="13" pageNumber="168">Etymology.</emphasis>
From the Latin '
<emphasis id="D6E39F22FFA87903FDD9F9C2FD7CF9FF" box="[525,716,1549,1573]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="168">hastatus, -a, -um</emphasis>
', meaning 'spear-shaped, armed with a spear', used in reference to the shape of one of the interzooidal avicularia.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="AC8D10BBFFA87903FF13F99AFAA6F96C" pageId="13" pageNumber="168" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="E4284330FFA87903FF13F99AFAA6F96C" blockId="13.[151,1436,1441,2006]" pageId="13" pageNumber="168">
<emphasis id="D6E39F22FFA87903FF13F99AFEF1F9B4" bold="true" box="[199,321,1621,1646]" pageId="13" pageNumber="168">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="239738B3FFA87903FE9CF99AFE0DF9B7" authorityName="Ramalho &amp; Taylor &amp; Moraes &amp; Moura &amp; Amado-Filho &amp; Bastos" authorityYear="2018" box="[328,445,1621,1645]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Schizoporellidae" genus="Stylopoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="13" pageNumber="168" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D6E39F22FFA87903FE9CF99AFE0DF9B7" box="[328,445,1621,1645]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="168">Stylopoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with almost circular orifice with U-shaped sinus and small, ball-shaped condyles; single or paired small triangular lateral oral avicularia; two
<typeStatus id="3B2CFD92FFA87903FD23F9B5FC82F948" box="[759,818,1658,1682]" pageId="13" pageNumber="168">types</typeStatus>
of large interzooidal avicularia: spear-shaped, usually positioned parallel to autozooids; and elongated, directed transversely to the growth axis of the colony.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="AC8D10BBFFA87900FF13F90EFB35FE76" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="169" pageId="13" pageNumber="168" type="description">
<paragraph id="E4284330FFA87900FF13F90EFD48FEBF" blockId="13.[151,1436,1441,2006]" lastBlockId="14.[151,1437,151,824]" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="169" pageId="13" pageNumber="168">
<emphasis id="D6E39F22FFA87903FF13F90EFEE8F903" bold="true" box="[199,344,1729,1754]" pageId="13" pageNumber="168">Description.</emphasis>
Encrusting colonies, multilamellar (
<figureCitation id="7CAC5FB5FFA87903FD2BF90EFCECF900" box="[767,860,1729,1754]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1758,1780]" captionTargetBox="[261,1316,193,1732]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[261,1317,193,1732]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 5. Scanning electron micrographs of five bryozoan species. A, B. Stylopoma variabilis n. sp. A. Detail of a small fragment showing some zooids and an ooecium. B. Frontal view of one ooecium showing the crescent-shaped aperture and the fused and asymmetrical labellum. C–E. Stylopoma hastata n. sp. C. Detail of part of the colony showing zooids and different kinds of avicularia: small and triangular lateral oral avicularia, two large and spear-shaped interzooidal avicularia, and a giant elongated and curved avicularium. D. Detail of the distal part of a zooid showing the orifice with U-shaped sinus, small condyles, and a triangular lateral avicularium. E. Detail of a giant avicularium with curved, elongate rostrum. F. Hippaliosina imperfecta, detail of two zooids with a pair of elongate distal avicularia. G. Utinga castanea, detail of the colony showing zooids with different kinds of avicularia and ooecia with a pair of small avicularia. H. Arthropoma cecilii, detail of fertile and infertile zooids showing orifices, perforate frontal walls and smooth ooecia." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1437581/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="168">Fig. 5C</figureCitation>
). Autozooids rectangular, longer than wide (410– 508–580 µm long x 259–345–428 µm wide); frontal wall perforated by numerous small circular pores (54–67) inserted in depressions, slightly convex; circular to elongate areolar pores around the perimeter (
<figureCitation id="7CAC5FB5FFA87903FB0AF8C6FA88F8F8" box="[1246,1336,1801,1826]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1758,1780]" captionTargetBox="[261,1316,193,1732]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[261,1317,193,1732]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 5. Scanning electron micrographs of five bryozoan species. A, B. Stylopoma variabilis n. sp. A. Detail of a small fragment showing some zooids and an ooecium. B. Frontal view of one ooecium showing the crescent-shaped aperture and the fused and asymmetrical labellum. C–E. Stylopoma hastata n. sp. C. Detail of part of the colony showing zooids and different kinds of avicularia: small and triangular lateral oral avicularia, two large and spear-shaped interzooidal avicularia, and a giant elongated and curved avicularium. D. Detail of the distal part of a zooid showing the orifice with U-shaped sinus, small condyles, and a triangular lateral avicularium. E. Detail of a giant avicularium with curved, elongate rostrum. F. Hippaliosina imperfecta, detail of two zooids with a pair of elongate distal avicularia. G. Utinga castanea, detail of the colony showing zooids with different kinds of avicularia and ooecia with a pair of small avicularia. H. Arthropoma cecilii, detail of fertile and infertile zooids showing orifices, perforate frontal walls and smooth ooecia." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1437581/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="168">Fig. 5C</figureCitation>
). Orifice wider than long (77–86–94 µm long
<date id="902965F0FFA87903FDE2F8E1FDD8F89C" box="[566,616,1838,1862]" pageId="13" pageNumber="168" value="1999-10">x 99</date>
–107–116 µm wide), displaced from the median axis of the zooid, with a thick and crenulate region without pores around the orifice, distal border smooth, proximal border with U-shaped sinus, and a pair of small ball-shaped condyles at the corners (
<figureCitation id="7CAC5FB5FFA87903FC9AF8BAFC18F854" box="[846,936,1909,1934]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1758,1780]" captionTargetBox="[261,1316,193,1732]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[261,1317,193,1732]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 5. Scanning electron micrographs of five bryozoan species. A, B. Stylopoma variabilis n. sp. A. Detail of a small fragment showing some zooids and an ooecium. B. Frontal view of one ooecium showing the crescent-shaped aperture and the fused and asymmetrical labellum. C–E. Stylopoma hastata n. sp. C. Detail of part of the colony showing zooids and different kinds of avicularia: small and triangular lateral oral avicularia, two large and spear-shaped interzooidal avicularia, and a giant elongated and curved avicularium. D. Detail of the distal part of a zooid showing the orifice with U-shaped sinus, small condyles, and a triangular lateral avicularium. E. Detail of a giant avicularium with curved, elongate rostrum. F. Hippaliosina imperfecta, detail of two zooids with a pair of elongate distal avicularia. G. Utinga castanea, detail of the colony showing zooids with different kinds of avicularia and ooecia with a pair of small avicularia. H. Arthropoma cecilii, detail of fertile and infertile zooids showing orifices, perforate frontal walls and smooth ooecia." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1437581/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="168">Fig. 5D</figureCitation>
). Single or, rarely, a pair of small lateral oral avicularia (60–71–83 µm long), located proximally near the sinus or laterally to orifice, never terminally distal, directed distally and slightly laterally; rostrum triangular, almost equilateral, raised distally from the frontal shield, crossbar complete. Oral avicularium may be absent (
<figureCitation id="7CAC5FB5FFAB7900FD3FFF58FCD8FF6A" box="[747,872,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1758,1780]" captionTargetBox="[261,1316,193,1732]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[261,1317,193,1732]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 5. Scanning electron micrographs of five bryozoan species. A, B. Stylopoma variabilis n. sp. A. Detail of a small fragment showing some zooids and an ooecium. B. Frontal view of one ooecium showing the crescent-shaped aperture and the fused and asymmetrical labellum. C–E. Stylopoma hastata n. sp. C. Detail of part of the colony showing zooids and different kinds of avicularia: small and triangular lateral oral avicularia, two large and spear-shaped interzooidal avicularia, and a giant elongated and curved avicularium. D. Detail of the distal part of a zooid showing the orifice with U-shaped sinus, small condyles, and a triangular lateral avicularium. E. Detail of a giant avicularium with curved, elongate rostrum. F. Hippaliosina imperfecta, detail of two zooids with a pair of elongate distal avicularia. G. Utinga castanea, detail of the colony showing zooids with different kinds of avicularia and ooecia with a pair of small avicularia. H. Arthropoma cecilii, detail of fertile and infertile zooids showing orifices, perforate frontal walls and smooth ooecia." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1437581/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="169">Fig. 5C, D</figureCitation>
). Two different
<typeStatus id="3B2CFD92FFAB7900FBCAFF57FBE9FF6A" box="[1054,1113,152,176]" pageId="14" pageNumber="169">types</typeStatus>
of large vicarious avicularia (
<figureCitation id="7CAC5FB5FFAB7900FF4BFF73FE93FF0E" box="[159,291,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1758,1780]" captionTargetBox="[261,1316,193,1732]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[261,1317,193,1732]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 5. Scanning electron micrographs of five bryozoan species. A, B. Stylopoma variabilis n. sp. A. Detail of a small fragment showing some zooids and an ooecium. B. Frontal view of one ooecium showing the crescent-shaped aperture and the fused and asymmetrical labellum. C–E. Stylopoma hastata n. sp. C. Detail of part of the colony showing zooids and different kinds of avicularia: small and triangular lateral oral avicularia, two large and spear-shaped interzooidal avicularia, and a giant elongated and curved avicularium. D. Detail of the distal part of a zooid showing the orifice with U-shaped sinus, small condyles, and a triangular lateral avicularium. E. Detail of a giant avicularium with curved, elongate rostrum. F. Hippaliosina imperfecta, detail of two zooids with a pair of elongate distal avicularia. G. Utinga castanea, detail of the colony showing zooids with different kinds of avicularia and ooecia with a pair of small avicularia. H. Arthropoma cecilii, detail of fertile and infertile zooids showing orifices, perforate frontal walls and smooth ooecia." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1437581/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="169">Fig. 5C, E</figureCitation>
): (1) avicularia oriented parallel to the autozooids or slightly inclined, directed distally, rostrum elongate (425–450–481 µm long), tip pointed or slightly rounded (lanceolate), crossbar complete (sometimes broken) (
<figureCitation id="7CAC5FB5FFAB7900FF2AFECBFEE6FEC7" box="[254,342,260,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1758,1780]" captionTargetBox="[261,1316,193,1732]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[261,1317,193,1732]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 5. Scanning electron micrographs of five bryozoan species. A, B. Stylopoma variabilis n. sp. A. Detail of a small fragment showing some zooids and an ooecium. B. Frontal view of one ooecium showing the crescent-shaped aperture and the fused and asymmetrical labellum. C–E. Stylopoma hastata n. sp. C. Detail of part of the colony showing zooids and different kinds of avicularia: small and triangular lateral oral avicularia, two large and spear-shaped interzooidal avicularia, and a giant elongated and curved avicularium. D. Detail of the distal part of a zooid showing the orifice with U-shaped sinus, small condyles, and a triangular lateral avicularium. E. Detail of a giant avicularium with curved, elongate rostrum. F. Hippaliosina imperfecta, detail of two zooids with a pair of elongate distal avicularia. G. Utinga castanea, detail of the colony showing zooids with different kinds of avicularia and ooecia with a pair of small avicularia. H. Arthropoma cecilii, detail of fertile and infertile zooids showing orifices, perforate frontal walls and smooth ooecia." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1437581/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="169">Fig. 5C</figureCitation>
); (2) avicularia oriented transversely to the autozooids on a salient chamber, larger than previous
<typeStatus id="3B2CFD92FFAB7900FF43FEE7FF77FE9A" box="[151,199,296,320]" pageId="14" pageNumber="169">type</typeStatus>
(562–617–739 µm long), covering two or three autozooids, rostrum elongated and curved, tip rounded, crossbar complete (
<figureCitation id="7CAC5FB5FFAB7900FEA5FE83FE58FEBE" box="[369,488,332,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1758,1780]" captionTargetBox="[261,1316,193,1732]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[261,1317,193,1732]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 5. Scanning electron micrographs of five bryozoan species. A, B. Stylopoma variabilis n. sp. A. Detail of a small fragment showing some zooids and an ooecium. B. Frontal view of one ooecium showing the crescent-shaped aperture and the fused and asymmetrical labellum. C–E. Stylopoma hastata n. sp. C. Detail of part of the colony showing zooids and different kinds of avicularia: small and triangular lateral oral avicularia, two large and spear-shaped interzooidal avicularia, and a giant elongated and curved avicularium. D. Detail of the distal part of a zooid showing the orifice with U-shaped sinus, small condyles, and a triangular lateral avicularium. E. Detail of a giant avicularium with curved, elongate rostrum. F. Hippaliosina imperfecta, detail of two zooids with a pair of elongate distal avicularia. G. Utinga castanea, detail of the colony showing zooids with different kinds of avicularia and ooecia with a pair of small avicularia. H. Arthropoma cecilii, detail of fertile and infertile zooids showing orifices, perforate frontal walls and smooth ooecia." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1437581/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="169">Fig. 5C, E</figureCitation>
). Ovicells not observed.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E4284330FFAB7900FF13FEA0FB35FE76" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,824]" pageId="14" pageNumber="169">
<emphasis id="D6E39F22FFAB7900FF13FEA0FE41FE52" bold="true" box="[199,497,367,392]" pageId="14" pageNumber="169">Geographic distribution.</emphasis>
Abrolhos Bank, Bahia State, Brazil (
<bibRefCitation id="80063EC1FFAB7900FC74FEA0FBECFE52" box="[928,1116,367,392]" pageId="14" pageNumber="169" refId="ref20069" refString="Reis, V. M., Karez, C. S., Mariath, R., Moraes, F. C., Carvalho, R. T., Brasileiro, P. S., Bahia, R. G., Lotufo, T. M. C., Ramalho, L. V., Moura, R. L., Francini-Filho, R. B., Pereira-Filho, G. H., Thompson, F. L., Bastos, A. C., Salgado, L. T. &amp; Amado-Filho, G. M. (2016) Carbonate production by benthic communities on shallow coralgal reefs of Abrolhos Bank, Brazil. PLoS ONE, 11 (4), e 0154417. https: // doi. org / 10.1371 / journal. pone. 0154417" type="journal article">
Reis
<emphasis id="D6E39F22FFAB7900FC08FEBEFBA0FE52" box="[988,1040,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="169">et al</emphasis>
. 2016
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="80063EC1FFAB7900FBBEFEBFFA8DFE52" box="[1130,1341,368,392]" pageId="14" pageNumber="169" refId="ref16241" refString="Bastos, A. C., Moura, R. L., Moraes, F. C., Vieira, L. S., Braga, J. C., Ramalho, L. V., Amado-Filho, J. M., Magdalena, U. R. &amp; Webster, J. M. (2018) Bryozoans are Major Modern Builders of South Atlantic Oddly Shaped Reefs. Scientific Reports, 8 (9638). 1 - 11. https: // doi. org / 10.1038 / s 41598 - 018 - 27961 - 6" type="journal article">
Bastos
<emphasis id="D6E39F22FFAB7900FB6AFEBEFB42FE52" box="[1214,1266,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="169">et al</emphasis>
. 2018
</bibRefCitation>
; present study) and Espírito Santo State, Brazil (18°40’S, 38°28’W - MNRJ-Bry398,
<date id="902965F0FFAB7900FC39FE5AFBC9FE76" box="[1005,1145,404,429]" pageId="14" pageNumber="169" value="1974-05-07">7 May 1974</date>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="AC8D10BBFFAB7900FF13FE78FD78FCE2" pageId="14" pageNumber="169" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="E4284330FFAB7900FF13FE78FD78FCE2" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,824]" pageId="14" pageNumber="169">
<emphasis id="D6E39F22FFAB7900FF13FE78FE8BFE0A" bold="true" box="[199,315,439,464]" pageId="14" pageNumber="169">Remarks.</emphasis>
The presence of two
<typeStatus id="3B2CFD92FFAB7900FDE3FE77FDC2FE0A" box="[567,626,440,464]" pageId="14" pageNumber="169">types</typeStatus>
of large interzooidal avicularia (lanceolate and elongate), plus a small triangular lateral oral avicularium and a circular orifice with U-shaped sinus and small ball-shape condyles, differentiates the new species from almost all other species of
<taxonomicName id="239738B3FFAB7900FC8BFDCFFC64FDC2" authorityName="Ramalho &amp; Taylor &amp; Moraes &amp; Moura &amp; Amado-Filho &amp; Bastos" authorityYear="2018" box="[863,980,512,536]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Schizoporellidae" genus="Stylopoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="14" pageNumber="169" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D6E39F22FFAB7900FC8BFDCFFC64FDC2" box="[863,980,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="169">Stylopoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The Abrolhos specimens are similar to
<taxonomicName id="239738B3FFAB7900FF43FDEBFEBCFDE6" authorityName="Ramalho &amp; Taylor &amp; Moraes &amp; Moura &amp; Amado-Filho &amp; Bastos" authorityYear="2018" box="[151,268,548,572]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Schizoporellidae" genus="Stylopoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="14" pageNumber="169" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D6E39F22FFAB7900FF43FDEBFEBCFDE6" box="[151,268,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="169">Stylopoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
s
<emphasis id="D6E39F22FFAB7900FEF4FDEAFECFFDE6" box="[288,383,549,572]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="169">pongites</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="80063EC1FFAB7900FE45FDEBFDAEFDE7" box="[401,542,548,573]" pageId="14" pageNumber="169" refId="ref19903" refString="Pallas, P. S. (1766) Elenchus zoophytorum sistens generum adumbrationes generaliores et speciarum cognitarum succintas descriptiones cum selectis auctorus synonymis. Petrum van Cleef, Hagae-Comitum, 451 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 6595" type="book">Pallas, 1766</bibRefCitation>
) in having two
<typeStatus id="3B2CFD92FFAB7900FD0DFDEAFCA4FDE7" box="[729,788,549,573]" pageId="14" pageNumber="169">types</typeStatus>
of large vicarious avicularia, but the avicularia differ in shape, one
<typeStatus id="3B2CFD92FFAB7900FECEFD87FEFAFDBA" box="[282,330,584,608]" pageId="14" pageNumber="169">type</typeStatus>
having a spatulate rostrum and the other, larger avicularium on a raised cystid with a long and parallel-sided rostrum, terminally pointed and laterally directed, the orifice is as long as wide, the anter has a sparsely denticulate inner rim and the poster a slit-like deep sinus, condyles are smooth, deep and wide with distinct processes pointing medially. Two other species recorded from
<collectingCountry id="9C8003A0FFAB7900FC7DFD7BFC5DFD17" box="[937,1005,692,717]" name="Brazil" pageId="14" pageNumber="169">Brazil</collectingCountry>
have small condyles in the orifice –
<taxonomicName id="239738B3FFAB7900FA53FD7BFD9FFD2A" authority="Canu &amp; Bassler, 1928 a" authorityName="Canu &amp; Bassler" authorityYear="1928" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Schizoporellidae" genus="Stylopoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="14" pageNumber="169" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="aurantiacum">
<emphasis id="D6E39F22FFAB7900FA53FD7BFE96FD35" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="169">S. aurantiacum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="80063EC1FFAB7900FEF9FD17FD9FFD2A" box="[301,559,727,752]" pageId="14" pageNumber="169" refId="ref17050" refString="Canu, F. &amp; Bassler, R. S. (1928 a) Bryozoaires du Bresil. Bulletin de la Societe des Sciences de Seine-et-Oise, 9, 58 - 110." type="journal article">Canu &amp; Bassler, 1928a</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="239738B3FFAB7900FDB1FD17FC71FD2A" authority="Winston et al., 2014" authorityName="Winston et al." authorityYear="2014" box="[613,961,727,752]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Schizoporellidae" genus="Stylopoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="14" pageNumber="169" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="carioca">
<emphasis id="D6E39F22FFAB7900FDB1FD17FD67FD35" box="[613,727,728,751]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="169">S. carioca</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="80063EC1FFAB7900FD0AFD18FC71FD2A" box="[734,961,727,752]" pageId="14" pageNumber="169" refId="ref21457" refString="Winston, J. E., Vieira, L. M. &amp; Woollacott, R. M. (2014) Scientific results of the Hassler Expedition. Bryozoa. No. 2. Brazil. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, 161 (5), 139 - 239. https: // doi. org / 10.3099 / MCZ 14.1" type="journal article">
Winston
<emphasis id="D6E39F22FFAB7900FC97FD16FCC4FD2A" box="[835,884,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="169">et al</emphasis>
., 2014
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
– but in both species the umbo is raised at the centre of the zooid; the first species has no vicarious avicularia, and the second has an orifice longer than wide, and vicarious avicularia with spatulate mandibles.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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