235 lines
26 KiB
XML
235 lines
26 KiB
XML
<document id="F783DD01C9ECB568A8C985AC9DF26FB8" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.187018" ID-GBIF-Dataset="35d81ccb-1856-4852-a5b6-d9058b3dbc0b" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="187018" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461060371161" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Hedges, Blair, Couloux, Arnaud & Vidal, Nicolas" docDate="2009" docId="674E87DDF74AFFEFFF36959AC932BD39" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02067p028.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2067" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Ialtris Cope 1862" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="19" masterDocId="9B77FFA5F758FFFDFFA1950DC830B939" masterDocTitle="Molecular phylogeny, classification, and biogeography of West Indian racer snakes of the Tribe Alsophiini (Squamata, Dipsadidae, Xenodontinae)" masterLastPageNumber="28" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="19" updateTime="1698582155577" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="B7797945C84350648C2684BFB5675BA0">Molecular phylogeny, classification, and biogeography of West Indian racer snakes of the Tribe Alsophiini (Squamata, Dipsadidae, Xenodontinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="B05E8FEC3B54293AE40AF2C7515AFED2">Hedges, Blair</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="28B3C644BFED8E29FF79904782717D93">Couloux, Arnaud</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="7EC9F10BEFB1BD02FEB4AAF9A4C9A5FE">Vidal, Nicolas</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="7568D5644528E8835A7565AEBB686B57">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="A0C505CD0D16D653212D507043EAF43E">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="A2E76393EDCA4E65F52BF11C819621E6">
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<mods:date id="FF958A7CBF5596551E1BFAF523F8F39C">2009</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="D97157C85E0F936269B819AF19F4CB35" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="7145B341F12731918ACDCA99EA1EB7E5">2067</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="C90FD2AD5E37B2547644853FA4C84A39">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="3A1C41900A041BD0D35CB1F0FC166ED8" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.187018</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="BFC5519B9168266DC796F32988D04E59" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="95B5324A379C9E815452DC8EBDC2D589" type="Zenodo-Dep">187018</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="674E87DDF74AFFEFFF36959AC932BD39" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6220097" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119614022" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6220097" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:674E87DDF74AFFEFFF36959AC932BD39" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/674E87DDF74AFFEFFF36959AC932BD39" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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<subSubSection id="A7FD6540F74AFFEFFF36959AC9F9B988" box="[151,457,151,177]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="EF5836CBF74AFFEFFF36959AC9F9B988" blockId="18.[151,457,151,177]" box="[151,457,151,177]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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<heading id="B41081A7F74AFFEFFF36959AC9F9B988" bold="true" box="[151,457,151,177]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="DD93EAD9F74AFFEFFF36959AC9F9B988" bold="true" box="[151,457,151,177]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="28E74D48F74AFFEFFF4C959AC9F9B988" authority="Cope, 1862" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1862" box="[237,457,151,177]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Ialtris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="DD93EAD9F74AFFEFFF4C959AC907B988" bold="true" box="[237,311,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Ialtris</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="8B764B3AF74AFFEFFE9F959AC9F9B988" author="Cope" box="[318,457,151,177]" pageId="18" pageNumber="23" refString="Cope, E. D. (1862 [1863]) Synopsis of the species of Holcosus and Ameiva, with diagnoses of new West Indian and South American Colubridae. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, 14, 60 - 82." type="journal article" year="1862">Cope, 1862</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="A7FD6540F74AFFEFFF3695EDCB21B9C3" box="[151,785,224,251]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="EF5836CBF74AFFEFFF3695EDCB21B9C3" blockId="18.[151,1437,224,1024]" box="[151,785,224,251]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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<emphasis id="DD93EAD9F74AFFEFFF3695EDC909B9C3" bold="true" box="[151,313,224,250]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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<typeStatus id="305C8869F74AFFEFFF3695EDC8E4B9C3" box="[151,212,224,250]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Type</typeStatus>
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species.
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</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="28E74D48F74AFFEFFEE195ECCB3AB9C2" authority="Gunther, 1858:126" authorityName="Gunther" authorityPageNumber="126" authorityYear="1858" box="[320,778,225,251]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Philodryas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dorsalis">
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<emphasis id="DD93EAD9F74AFFEFFEE195ECCA16B9C3" box="[320,550,225,250]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Philodryas dorsalis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="8B764B3AF74AFFEFFD8F95ECCAE9B9C2" author="Gunther" box="[558,729,225,251]" pageId="18" pageNumber="24" refString="Gunther, A. (1858) Catalogue of colubrine snakes of the British Museum. British Museum, London, 281 pp." type="book" year="1858">Günther, 1858</bibRefCitation>
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:126
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="A7FD6540F74AFFEFFF64940ACC96BB09" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="EF5836CBF74AFFEFFF64940ACB41BB33" blockId="18.[151,1437,224,1024]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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<emphasis id="DD93EAD9F74AFFEFFF64940AC974B818" bold="true" box="[197,324,263,289]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Species in this genus have 19 midbody scale rows, 132–192 ventrals, 40–115 subcaudals, zero or two apical scale pits, seven upper labials, 8–9 lower labials, 18–19 total maxillary teeth, and 20–24 dentary teeth (
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<tableCitation id="A2650370F74AFFEFFF459458C975B856" box="[228,325,341,367]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="11.[151,242,977,1001]" captionText="TABLE 2. Morphological variation in the genera of alsophiine snakes (SVL = snout-vent length), from Barbour &" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Table 2</tableCitation>
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).
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<taxonomicName id="28E74D48F74AFFEFFEFC9458C999B857" box="[349,425,341,366]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Ialtris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="DD93EAD9F74AFFEFFEFC9458C999B857" box="[349,425,341,366]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Ialtris</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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differs in at least one of these characters from all other alsophiine genera except
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<emphasis id="DD93EAD9F74AFFEFFF369471C950B8AC" box="[151,352,380,405]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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<taxonomicName id="28E74D48F74AFFEFFF369471C96CB8AC" box="[151,348,380,405]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Hypsirhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Hypsirhynchus</taxonomicName>
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.
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</emphasis>
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In most
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<taxonomicName id="28E74D48F74AFFEFFE749471CA16B8AC" box="[469,550,380,405]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Ialtris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="DD93EAD9F74AFFEFFE749471CA16B8AC" box="[469,550,380,405]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Ialtris</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, maxillary teeth are grooved whereas in
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<taxonomicName id="28E74D48F74AFFEFFB9E9471CCCFB8AC" box="[1087,1279,380,405]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Hypsirhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="DD93EAD9F74AFFEFFB9E9471CCCFB8AC" box="[1087,1279,380,405]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Hypsirhynchus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(as in other alsophiines) they are ungrooved; in
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<taxonomicName id="28E74D48F74AFFEFFDE894AFCAE7B882" box="[585,727,418,443]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Ialtris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="haetianus">
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<emphasis id="DD93EAD9F74AFFEFFDE894AFCAE7B882" box="[585,727,418,443]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">I. haetianus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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they are ungrooved. Also, most
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<taxonomicName id="28E74D48F74AFFEFFBC594AFCD27B882" box="[1124,1303,418,443]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Hypsirhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="DD93EAD9F74AFFEFFBC594AFCD27B882" box="[1124,1303,418,443]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Hypsirhynchus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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have eight upper labials whereas
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<taxonomicName id="28E74D48F74AFFEFFE0094C4C9D9B8DB" box="[417,489,457,482]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Ialtris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="DD93EAD9F74AFFEFFE0094C4C9D9B8DB" box="[417,489,457,482]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Ialtris</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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has seven upper labials; the small Jamaican
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<taxonomicName id="28E74D48F74AFFEFFBA194C4CC81B8DB" box="[1024,1201,457,482]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Hypsirhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="DD93EAD9F74AFFEFFBA194C4CC81B8DB" box="[1024,1201,457,482]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Hypsirhynchus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<taxonomicName id="28E74D48F74AFFEFFB6294C4CD5FB8DB" box="[1219,1391,457,482]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Hypsirhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="callilaemus">
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<emphasis id="DD93EAD9F74AFFEFFB6294C4CD5FB8DB" box="[1219,1391,457,482]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">H. callilaemus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="28E74D48F74AFFEFFADE94C4C8CBBB30" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Hypsirhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="funereus">
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<emphasis id="DD93EAD9F74AFFEFFADE94C4C8CBBB30" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">H. funereus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName id="28E74D48F74AFFEFFE9A94FDC9F8BB30" box="[315,456,496,521]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Arrhyton" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="polylepis">
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<emphasis id="DD93EAD9F74AFFEFFE9A94FDC9F8BB30" box="[315,456,496,521]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">H. polylepis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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) have seven upper labials (
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<tableCitation id="A2650370F74AFFEFFCA694FDCB52BB33" box="[775,866,496,522]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="11.[151,242,977,1001]" captionText="TABLE 2. Morphological variation in the genera of alsophiine snakes (SVL = snout-vent length), from Barbour &" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Table 2</tableCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="EF5836CBF74AFFEFFF64971BCC96BB09" blockId="18.[151,1437,224,1024]" box="[197,1190,534,560]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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<emphasis id="DD93EAD9F74AFFEFFF64971BC901BB09" bold="true" box="[197,305,534,560]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Content.</emphasis>
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Four species (six species + subspecies) are included in the genus (
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<tableCitation id="A2650370F74AFFEFFB9D971BCCA4BB09" box="[1084,1172,534,560]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="7.[151,241,151,175]" captionText="TABLE 1. Classification of West Indian xenodontine snakes, Tribe Alsophiini. The arrangement used in this study is compared with that in previous classifications (Maglio 1970; Schwartz & Henderson 1991; Powell et al. 1996)." pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Table 1</tableCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="A7FD6540F74AFFEFFF649730CBA6BB6E" box="[197,918,573,599]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="EF5836CBF74AFFEFFF649730CBA6BB6E" blockId="18.[151,1437,224,1024]" box="[197,918,573,599]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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<emphasis id="DD93EAD9F74AFFEFFF649730C955BB6E" bold="true" box="[197,357,573,599]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Distribution.</emphasis>
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The genus is distributed on Hispaniola (
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<figureCitation id="77DC2A4EF74AFFEFFCE19730CBB8BB6E" box="[832,904,573,599]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="11.[151,255,804,828]" captionTargetBox="[279,1307,205,780]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[279,1307,194,780]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 2. Map showing the West Indies (including the southern tip of Florida above, Central America to the west, and the northern edge of South America below) and the distributions of the genera of the Tribe Alsophiini, Subfamily Xenodontinae, Family Dipsadidae." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/187020/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="A7FD6540F74AFFEFFF64976EC932BD39" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="EF5836CBF74AFFEFFF64976EC932BD39" blockId="18.[151,1437,224,1024]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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<emphasis id="DD93EAD9F74AFFEFFF64976EC90EBB44" bold="true" box="[197,318,611,637]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Remarks.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="28E74D48F74AFFEFFEE79769C9BEBB44" box="[326,398,612,637]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Ialtris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="DD93EAD9F74AFFEFFEE79769C9BEBB44" box="[326,398,612,637]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Ialtris</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<figureCitation id="77DC2A4EF74AFFEFFE3F9769C9D3BB47" box="[414,483,612,638]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="14.[151,261,1777,1801]" captionTargetBox="[174,1412,190,1725]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[151,1436,166,1753]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 3. Representatives of genera of the snake Tribe Alsophiini (Dipsadidae: Xenonodontinae). Subtribe Alsophiina: Alsophis manselli (Woodlands Spring, Montserrat), Borikenophis portoricensis (1.5 km W. Playa de Tamarindo, Puerto Rico), Cubophis cantherigerus (2.0 km W Viñales, Pinar del Rio, Cuba), Hypsirhynchus ferox (Barahona, Barahona, Dominican Republic), Ialtris dorsalis (3 km N Bois Sec, Grand’Anse, Haiti), and Magliophis stahli (1.9 km NE Vista Alegre, Puerto Rico). Subtribe Arrhytonina: Arrhyton taeniatum (0.2 km WE Windmill Beach, Guantanamo Bay Naval Station, Cuba). Subtribe Uromacerina: Uromacer oxyrhynchus (4.4 km W Canada Honda, La Altagracia, Dominican Republic). Photos by S. B. Hedges." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/187021/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
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E) includes the former Genus
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<taxonomicName id="28E74D48F74AFFEFFCE89769CBD2BB44" box="[841,994,612,637]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sarraceniaceae" genus="Darlingtonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ericales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="DD93EAD9F74AFFEFFCE89769CBD2BB44" box="[841,994,612,637]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Darlingtonia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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with its single species (
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<taxonomicName id="28E74D48F74AFFEFFB5E9769CDA2BB44" box="[1279,1426,612,637]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Ialtris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="haetianus">
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<emphasis id="DD93EAD9F74AFFEFFB5E9769CDA2BB44" box="[1279,1426,612,637]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">A. haetianus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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) and three subspecies (the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="28E74D48F74AFFEFFE709787CA76BB9A" box="[465,582,650,675]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Ialtris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="haetianus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DD93EAD9F74AFFEFFE709787CA76BB9A" box="[465,582,650,675]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">haetianus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Group) and the three species in the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="28E74D48F74AFFEFFBF09787CCABBB9A" box="[1105,1179,650,675]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Ialtris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DD93EAD9F74AFFEFFBF09787CCABBB9A" box="[1105,1179,650,675]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Ialtris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="28E74D48F74AFFEFFB7A9787CD0DBB9A" box="[1243,1341,650,675]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Philodryas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dorsalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="DD93EAD9F74AFFEFFB7A9787CD0DBB9A" box="[1243,1341,650,675]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">dorsalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Group) (
|
||
<tableCitation id="A2650370F74AFFEFFF3F97BCC8C7BBF2" box="[158,247,689,715]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="7.[151,241,151,175]" captionText="TABLE 1. Classification of West Indian xenodontine snakes, Tribe Alsophiini. The arrangement used in this study is compared with that in previous classifications (Maglio 1970; Schwartz & Henderson 1991; Powell et al. 1996)." pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
). Besides the strong molecular support for the monophyly of this genus, there is some morphological support as well. All four species of the Genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="28E74D48F74AFFEFFD1097D5CAC8BBC8" box="[689,760,728,753]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Ialtris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DD93EAD9F74AFFEFFD1097D5CAC8BBC8" box="[689,760,728,753]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Ialtris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have seven upper labials, a rare number found only in the three species of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="28E74D48F74AFFEFFE2697F2CA21BA21" box="[391,529,767,792]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Hypsirhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="callilaemus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DD93EAD9F74AFFEFFE2697F2CA21BA21" box="[391,529,767,792]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">callilaemus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="97F0765BF74AFFEFFDCE97F3CAE3BA21" box="[623,723,766,792]" name="Jamaica" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Jamaica</collectingCountry>
|
||
) of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="28E74D48F74AFFEFFC2197F2CC02BA21" box="[896,1074,767,792]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Hypsirhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DD93EAD9F74AFFEFFC2197F2CC02BA21" box="[896,1074,767,792]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Hypsirhynchus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, among other members of the Subtribe Alsophiina (which otherwise have eight). Also, two species of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="28E74D48F74AFFEFFBD39628CC8BBA07" box="[1138,1211,805,830]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Ialtris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DD93EAD9F74AFFEFFBD39628CC8BBA07" box="[1138,1211,805,830]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Ialtris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="28E74D48F74AFFEFFB6C9628CD77BA07" box="[1229,1351,805,830]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Ialtris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="agyrtes">
|
||
<emphasis id="DD93EAD9F74AFFEFFB6C9628CD77BA07" box="[1229,1351,805,830]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">A. agyrtes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="28E74D48F74AFFEFFA239628C93BBA5C" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Ialtris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="haetianus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DD93EAD9F74AFFEFFA239628C93BBA5C" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">A. haetianus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) lack apical scale pits; such pits are present in the genera
|
||
<emphasis id="DD93EAD9F74AFFEFFC689641CCEFBA5C" box="[969,1247,844,869]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="28E74D48F74AFFEFFC689641CC03BA5C" box="[969,1075,844,869]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Alsophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Alsophis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="28E74D48F74AFFEFFBE19641CCEFBA5C" box="[1088,1247,844,869]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Borikenophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Borikenophis</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="28E74D48F74AFFEFFA839641CDA4BA5C" box="[1314,1428,844,869]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Cubophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DD93EAD9F74AFFEFFA839641CDA4BA5C" box="[1314,1428,844,869]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Cubophis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and absent in the Genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="28E74D48F74AFFEFFE1B967FCA0FBAB2" box="[442,575,882,907]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Magliophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DD93EAD9F74AFFEFFE1B967FCA0FBAB2" box="[442,575,882,907]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Magliophis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Thus, the Genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="28E74D48F74AFFEFFCB9967FCB50BAB2" box="[792,864,882,907]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Ialtris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DD93EAD9F74AFFEFFCB9967FCB50BAB2" box="[792,864,882,907]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Ialtris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is separable from all other genera of Alsophiina except
|
||
<taxonomicName id="28E74D48F74AFFEFFF4A9694C9AABA8B" box="[235,410,921,946]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Hypsirhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DD93EAD9F74AFFEFFF4A9694C9AABA8B" box="[235,410,921,946]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Hypsirhynchus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Relationships among the genera of the Subtribe Alsophiina are not well-resolved (
|
||
<figureCitation id="77DC2A4EF74AFFEFFACD9694C895BAE3" captionStart="FIGURE 1. A" captionStartId="10.[151,255,1833,1857]" captionTargetBox="[379,1213,185,1804]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[379,1215,185,1807]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 1. A phylogeny of Alsophiini. Bayesian tree obtained from the combined data set of six genes (RAG 2, 12 S & 16 S rRNA, cytochrome b, ND 2 and ND 4; 3387 sites). Alsophis portoricensis portoricensis and A. p. anegadae have identical sequences at all genes sampled, and therefore the latter taxon is not shown. Values are ML bootstrap values above 70 % followed by Bayesian posterior probabilities above 90 %. The generic taxonomy in this tree reflects usage prior to this study and shows paraphyly and polyphyly of Alsophis (blue), Arrhyton (purple), and Antillophis (orange). See Table 1 and Figure 4 for the new classification proposed here." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/187019/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
), and it might be that these two genera (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="28E74D48F74AFFEFFD3A96CDCAD6BAE0" box="[667,742,960,985]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Ialtris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DD93EAD9F74AFFEFFD3A96CDCAD6BAE0" box="[667,742,960,985]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Ialtris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="28E74D48F74AFFEFFC8296CDCBE8BAE0" box="[803,984,960,985]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Hypsirhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DD93EAD9F74AFFEFFC8296CDCBE8BAE0" box="[803,984,960,985]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Hypsirhynchus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) occurring on Hispaniola are closest relatives.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |