392 lines
51 KiB
XML
392 lines
51 KiB
XML
<document id="7D9FBD7EBAE3743BD52386F0001A951A" ID-CLB-Dataset="42263" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3881.5.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="63d24e51-bec8-479f-b257-1ffabdbdcc2a" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="226570" ID-ZooBank="FE9048E9-DE3A-4502-A95E-27EE8F706AC3" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460959187556" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Aspe, Nonillon M. & James, Samuel W." docDate="2014" docId="5B458787FF96FF8AFF5AFB5CE1CBBAE3" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03881p439.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3881 (5)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Pheretima adevai Aspe & James, 2014, n. sp." docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="425" masterDocId="A77CFFFFFF81FF92FFCDFFDBE50FBD3F" masterDocTitle="New species of Pheretima (Oligochaeta: Megascolecidae) from the Mt. Malindang Range, Mindanao Island, Philippines" masterLastPageNumber="439" masterPageNumber="401" pageNumber="424" updateTime="1698586693596" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="C06AADB3CD0A298EFE35AE50CC9134E9" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="597697B20CC2A3B2EE459452694484C4">
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<mods:title id="9BB42DF3CAD12F0ACC25D145028BCF43">New species of Pheretima (Oligochaeta: Megascolecidae) from the Mt. Malindang Range, Mindanao Island, Philippines</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="5D66ED19955A9E35BE49BB35D0B7DCE7" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="60FD43BAF2BA855A040A336B03E7E352">Aspe, Nonillon M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="3BE0A44AC84841E6E298024EC4B8C939">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="E4F0E3CBCA5219C2BF0C7072E27E9DC5">James, Samuel W.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="5876F72811DB40B4CE10AA9376172C19">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="04FDB9AD7BC04559E38DE4BED24DD535">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="755EE299C8014F678EE6F49BA9865253">
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<mods:date id="19E03339E7B90ECDEC274182DFEC2D9C">2014</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="D2CE753F1DC62EEE1E3B9FE81E97926C" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="DDCFCA8DD14123C155F7B81C02E73853">3881</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="C594B02BA45E3C59EE7FA7687063DF24" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="E44D2B8163A68525B2D4C5D8AFB669C9">5</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="9E75D680AE3F4F77C60EF134B4D696AF" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3881.5.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="5B458787FF96FF8AFF5AFB5CE1CBBAE3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5670431" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119592792" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5670431" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5B458787FF96FF8AFF5AFB5CE1CBBAE3" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/5B458787FF96FF8AFF5AFB5CE1CBBAE3" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="425" pageId="23" pageNumber="424">
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<subSubSection id="9BF6651AFF96FF85FF5AFB5CE476B9FC" pageId="23" pageNumber="424" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="D3533691FF96FF85FF5AFB5CE4BCB99D" blockId="23.[151,435,1159,1219]" box="[151,435,1159,1186]" pageId="23" pageNumber="424">
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<heading id="881B81FDFF96FF85FF5AFB5CE4BCB99D" bold="true" box="[151,435,1159,1186]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="23" pageNumber="424" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="E198EA83FF96FF85FF5AFB5CE4BCB99D" bold="true" box="[151,435,1159,1186]" pageId="23" pageNumber="424">
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<taxonomicName id="14EC4D12FF96FF85FF5AFB5CE465B99E" box="[151,362,1159,1185]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Pheretima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="23" pageNumber="424" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="adevai" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="E198EA83FF96FF85FF5AFB5CE465B99E" bold="true" box="[151,362,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="424">Pheretima adevai</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="FAAB57F8FF96FF85FEBCFB53E4BCB99D" box="[369,435,1160,1186]" pageId="23" pageNumber="424" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D3533691FF96FF85FF5AFB71E476B9FC" blockId="23.[151,435,1159,1219]" box="[151,377,1194,1219]" pageId="23" pageNumber="424">
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(
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<figureCitation id="4BD72A14FF96FF85FF52FB71E5ECB9FC" box="[159,227,1194,1219]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="25.[151,250,831,853]" captionTargetBox="[152,1435,195,809]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[151,1436,195,809]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 7. (A) Diagrammatic ventral view of polythecal Pheretima adevai, showing the spermathecal pores (sp), clitellum (cl), and male pores (m). (B – D) Schematic drawings of the internal morphology of Philippine Pheretima species, in dorsal view: (B) P. a de v ai n. sp.; (C) P. lluchi n. sp.; (D) P. potonganensis n. sp. Abbreviations: s, spermatheca; h, heart; p, prostate gland; cb, copulatory bursa; c, caecum. Scale bars: B – D: 5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/226576/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="424">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
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A,B,
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<tableCitation id="9E6E032AFF96FF85FED0FB71E47FB9FC" box="[285,368,1194,1219]" captionStart="TABLE 3" captionStartId="26.[151,239,476,499]" captionTargetBox="[159,1418,526,1397]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="TABLE 3. Comparison of species in the Pheretima darnleiensis group at Mt. Malindang." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/87936619FF9BFF88FF5AFE07E15FBCCC" pageId="23" pageNumber="424" tableUuid="87936619FF9BFF88FF5AFE07E15FBCCC">Table 3</tableCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="9BF6651AFF96FF85FF5AFB29E66AB880" pageId="23" pageNumber="424" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="D3533691FF96FF85FF5AFB29E66AB880" blockId="23.[151,1437,1266,2011]" pageId="23" pageNumber="424">
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<emphasis id="E198EA83FF96FF85FF5AFB29E486B834" bold="true" box="[151,393,1266,1291]" pageId="23" pageNumber="424">Material examined.</emphasis>
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<typeStatus id="0C578833FF96FF85FE55FB29E70AB834" box="[408,517,1266,1291]" pageId="23" pageNumber="424" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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: (NMA 4524) Brgy Small Potongan, municipality of Concepcion, Misamis Occidental Province, Mt. Malindang Range,
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<geoCoordinate id="B6D85056FF96FF85FD59FACCE61DB811" box="[660,786,1303,1327]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="23" pageNumber="424" precision="15" value="8.401111">8º24'04" N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="B6D85056FF96FF85FCD2FACDE6BAB811" box="[799,949,1302,1327]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="23" pageNumber="424" precision="15" value="123.61305">123º36'47" E</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<quantity id="14149B74FF96FF85FC0FFACCE104B811" box="[962,1035,1303,1327]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="23" pageNumber="424" unit="m" value="900.0">900 m</quantity>
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asl, Mindanao Island,
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<collectingCountry id="ABFB7601FF96FF85FAC2FACDE082B810" box="[1295,1421,1302,1327]" name="Philippines" pageId="23" pageNumber="424">Philippines</collectingCountry>
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, coll. Nonillon Aspe, Nolan Aspe, M. Lluch and J. Adeva,
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<date id="A7521051FF96FF85FCE5FAE1E6FEB86C" box="[808,1009,1338,1363]" pageId="23" pageNumber="424" value="2004-02-18" valueMax="2004-02-25" valueMin="2004-02-18">Feb. 18–25, 2004</date>
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.
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<typeStatus id="0C578833FF96FF85FC31FAE0E162B86C" box="[1020,1133,1339,1363]" pageId="23" pageNumber="424" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
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: three adults (NMA 4543), same collection data as for
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<typeStatus id="0C578833FF96FF85FE21FA85E75DB848" box="[492,594,1374,1399]" pageId="23" pageNumber="424" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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. Other material: two adults (
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<collectionCode id="B5FDAE54FF96FF85FC79FA85E6E0B848" box="[948,1007,1374,1399]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="23" pageNumber="424">ZRC</collectionCode>
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.ANN.0025), Brgy Lake Duminagat, municipality of Don Victoriano, Misamis Occidental Province, Mt. Malindang Range (
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<geoCoordinate id="B6D85056FF96FF85FBB6FA59E1FDB8A4" box="[1147,1266,1410,1435]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="23" pageNumber="424" precision="15" value="8.298612">8º17'55"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="B6D85056FF96FF85FACDFA58E080B8A4" box="[1280,1423,1411,1435]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="23" pageNumber="424" precision="15" value="123.61694">123º37'01"E</geoCoordinate>
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),
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<quantity id="14149B74FF96FF85FF5AFA7DE5E3B881" box="[151,236,1446,1471]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="23" pageNumber="424" unit="m" value="1500.0">1500 m</quantity>
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asl., coll. Nonillon Aspe and J. Adeva,
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<date id="A7521051FF96FF85FD64FA7CE66DB880" box="[681,866,1446,1471]" pageId="23" pageNumber="424" value="2003-10-09" valueMax="2003-10-15" valueMin="2003-10-09">Oct. 9–15, 2003</date>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="9BF6651AFF96FF85FF0AFA11E17BB8DC" box="[199,1140,1482,1507]" pageId="23" pageNumber="424" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="D3533691FF96FF85FF0AFA11E17BB8DC" blockId="23.[151,1437,1266,2011]" box="[199,1140,1482,1507]" pageId="23" pageNumber="424">
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<emphasis id="E198EA83FF96FF85FF0AFA11E441B8DC" bold="true" box="[199,334,1482,1507]" pageId="23" pageNumber="424">Etymology.</emphasis>
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The species is named after Julius Adeva, who assisted in the fieldwork.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="9BF6651AFF96FF85FF0AFA35E6F0BB70" pageId="23" pageNumber="424" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="D3533691FF96FF85FF0AFA35E6F0BB70" blockId="23.[151,1437,1266,2011]" pageId="23" pageNumber="424">
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<emphasis id="E198EA83FF96FF85FF0AFA35E44EBB38" bold="true" box="[199,321,1518,1543]" pageId="23" pageNumber="424">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Slender brown worm reaching
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<quantity id="14149B74FF96FF85FD6BFA34E634BB39" box="[678,827,1519,1543]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.205" metricValueMax="1.31" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="23" pageNumber="424" unit="mm" value="120.5" valueMax="131.0" valueMin="110.0">110–131 mm</quantity>
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in adult length; four pairs of spermathecal pores in 5/ 6–8/9; space between spermathecal pores wider than space between male pores; first dorsal pore at 12/13; intestinal origin in mid-xv; prostates in xviii to xix; caeca extending from xxvii to xxiii.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="9BF6651AFF96FF8AFF0AF981E5F7BF5F" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="425" pageId="23" pageNumber="424" type="description">
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<paragraph id="D3533691FF96FF85FF0AF981E429BA18" blockId="23.[151,1437,1266,2011]" pageId="23" pageNumber="424">
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<emphasis id="E198EA83FF96FF85FF0AF981E456BB4C" bold="true" box="[199,345,1626,1651]" pageId="23" pageNumber="424">Description.</emphasis>
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In living animals, dorsum brown, darker anteriorly; equators pigmented. Length
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<quantity id="14149B74FF96FF85FACBF980E093BB4D" box="[1286,1436,1627,1651]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.205" metricValueMax="1.31" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="23" pageNumber="424" unit="mm" value="120.5" valueMax="131.0" valueMin="110.0">110–131 mm</quantity>
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(n=
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<specimenCount id="C5EAFD18FF96FF85FF73F9A5E415BBA8" box="[190,282,1662,1687]" pageId="23" pageNumber="424" type="adult">6 adults</specimenCount>
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); diameter
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<quantity id="14149B74FF96FF85FE5AF9A5E4D7BBA9" box="[407,472,1662,1687]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="23" pageNumber="424" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
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at x,
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<quantity id="14149B74FF96FF85FDDBF9A4E757BBA9" box="[534,600,1663,1687]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="23" pageNumber="424" unit="mm" value="4.0">4 mm</quantity>
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at xx; body cylindrical in cross-section; 83–99 segments. First dorsal pore at 12/13; spermathecal pores at 5/6/7/8/9, 0.25 circumference apart ventrally; female pore single in xiv; openings of copulatory bursae paired in xviii, 0.16 circumference apart ventrally, 3–7 setae between openings. Clitellum annular, extending from xiv to xvi. Setae unevenly distributed, 32–37 setae on vii, 36–39 setae on xx, no dorsal or ventral gaps.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D3533691FF96FF85FF0AF8E8E06ABAE4" blockId="23.[151,1437,1266,2011]" pageId="23" pageNumber="424">
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<collectingCountry id="ABFB7601FF96FF85FF0AF8E8E40ABA74" box="[199,261,1843,1867]" name="Spain" pageId="23" pageNumber="424">Septa</collectingCountry>
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5/6/7/8 and
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<date id="A7521051FF96FF85FE6EF8E8E720BA74" box="[419,559,1843,1867]" pageId="23" pageNumber="424" value="1914-10-11" valueMax="1914-10-13" valueMin="1914-10-11">10/11–13/14</date>
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muscular, 8/9 present ventrally, 9/10 absent. Dense tufts of nephridia on anterior faces of 5/6 and 6/7; nephridia of intestinal segments located mainly on body wall at anterior and posterior faces of septa, at septum/body wall junction. Large gizzard in ix to x; esophagus with low vertical lamellae extending from x to xiii; intestine originates in mid-xv; caeca originate in xxvii, extend forward to xxiii, with smooth, simple ventral margin; typhlosole rudimentary; intestinal wall with 34–38 longitudinal blood vessels.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D3533691FF99FF8AFF0AFF43E760BDC7" blockId="24.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">Hearts in x to xiii, esophageal; commissural vessels in vi, vii, and ix lateral; those in viii extend to gizzard; supra-esophageal vessel extends from x to xv; extra-esophageal vessels join ventral esophageal wall in x, receive efferent parieto-esophageal vessels in xiii.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D3533691FF99FF8AFF0AFEDFE5F7BF5F" blockId="24.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">Ovaries and funnels free in xiii; spermathecae paired in vi to ix, with many nephridia on ducts; each spermatheca with ovate, spherical, or pyriform ampulla, short thick non-muscular duct, stalked diverticulum attached to anterior face of duct near ampulla, terminating in short, oblong receptacle containing 2 or 3 rounded masses of sperm; stalk short. No spermatophores were observed in spermathecal ampullae. Male sexual system holandric; testes and funnels enclosed in paired sacs in x and xi; seminal vesicles in xi and xii, each with long, narrow dorsal lobe; vasa deferentia slender, free from body wall en route to ental end of prostatic ducts; prostates in xviii to xix, each racemose and bilobed in shape of butterfly wings; short muscular duct enters apex of copulatory bursa in xviii. Coelomic surface of copulatory bursa muscular, secretory diverticula lacking, walls thin; each bursa ovate-hemispheric, with elongate, conical penis on bursa roof; one spherical pad anterior and one posterior to opening.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="9BF6651AFF99FF8AFF0AFDB7E1CBBAE3" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="D3533691FF99FF8AFF0AFDB7E685B90A" blockId="24.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">
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<emphasis id="E198EA83FF99FF8AFF0AFDB7E434BFBA" bold="true" box="[199,315,620,645]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">Remarks.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="14EC4D12FF99FF8AFE8CFDB7E708BFBB" box="[321,519,620,644]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Pheretima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="adevai" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="E198EA83FF99FF8AFE8CFDB7E708BFBB" box="[321,519,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">Pheretima adevai</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="FAAB57F8FF99FF8AFDC0FDB7E744BFBA" box="[525,587,620,645]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" rank="species">
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<emphasis id="E198EA83FF99FF8AFDC0FDB7E744BFBA" bold="true" box="[525,587,620,645]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">n. sp.</emphasis>
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</taxonomicNameLabel>
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belongs to the
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<taxonomicName id="14EC4D12FF99FF8AFD38FDB6E695BFBB" box="[757,922,620,644]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Pheretima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="darnleiensis">
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<emphasis id="E198EA83FF99FF8AFD38FDB6E695BFBB" box="[757,922,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">P. darnleiensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species group of
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<bibRefCitation id="B77D4B60FF99FF8AFB90FDB7E056BFBB" author="Sims" box="[1117,1369,620,645]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" refString="Sims, R. & Easton, E. (1972) A numerical revision of the earthworm genus Pheretima with the recognition of new genera and an appendix on the earthworms collected by the Royal Society North Borneo Expedition. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 4, 169 - 268. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1095 - 8312.1972. tb 00694. x" type="journal article" year="1972">Sims & Easton (1972)</bibRefCitation>
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||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B77D4B60FF99FF8AFAA9FDB7E455BF97" author="Sims" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" refString="Sims, R. & Easton, E. (1972) A numerical revision of the earthworm genus Pheretima with the recognition of new genera and an appendix on the earthworms collected by the Royal Society North Borneo Expedition. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 4, 169 - 268. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1095 - 8312.1972. tb 00694. x" type="journal article" year="1972">Sims & Easton (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
synonymized 15 species under the name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14EC4D12FF99FF8AFC86FD4AE1A7BF97" authority="Fletcher, 1887" authorityName="Fletcher" authorityYear="1887" box="[843,1192,655,680]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Pheretima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="darnleiensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="E198EA83FF99FF8AFC86FD4AE6FBBF97" box="[843,1012,656,680]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">P. darnleiensis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B77D4B60FF99FF8AFBCDFD54E1A7BF97" author="Fletcher" box="[1024,1192,655,680]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" refString="Fletcher, J. J. (1887) Notes on Australian earthworms part III. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, 1, 943 - 973." type="journal article" year="1887">Fletcher, 1887</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, all characterized by having either 4 or 5 pairs of spermathecal pores, located in 5/6–8/9, with an optional fifth pair in 4/5. Incongruently,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B77D4B60FF99FF8AFE8EFD03E754BFCF" box="[323,603,728,752]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" refString="Darmawan, A., Raffiudin, R. & Widarto, T. H. (2012) Morphological characters and histology of Pheretima darnleiensis. Hayati Journal of Biosciences, 19, 44 - 48. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.4308 / hjb. 19.1.44" type="journal article">
|
||
Darmawan
|
||
<emphasis id="E198EA83FF99FF8AFE05FD02E4F3BFCF" box="[456,508,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2012)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, described nominal
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14EC4D12FF99FF8AFC8BFD02E6E2BFCF" box="[838,1005,728,752]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Pheretima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="darnleiensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="E198EA83FF99FF8AFC8BFD02E6E2BFCF" box="[838,1005,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">P. darnleiensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Darmaga,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="ABFB7601FF99FF8AFB7DFD0CE02FBFCF" box="[1200,1312,727,752]" name="Indonesia" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, to have 4 pairs of spermathecal pores, from 4/5–7/8. Blakemore
|
||
<emphasis id="E198EA83FF99FF8AFD37FD26E63DBE2B" box="[762,818,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2007) further expanded the synonymy to include very large worms (about
|
||
<quantity id="14149B74FF99FF8AFEB8FCFBE4DDBE08" box="[373,466,800,824]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" unit="mm" value="700.0">700 mm</quantity>
|
||
long) from Mt. Kinabalu and Borneo, and possibly some of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14EC4D12FF99FF8AFB57FCFBE05ABE07" box="[1178,1365,800,824]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Pheretima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="dubia">
|
||
<emphasis id="E198EA83FF99FF8AFB57FCFBE05ABE07" box="[1178,1365,800,824]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">Pheretima dubia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group (three pairs of spermathecae vii–ix). After examining several of the species included in the synonymy of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14EC4D12FF99FF8AFA4AFC9EE747BEBF" authority="Hong & James" authorityName="Hong & James" authorityYear="2011" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Pheretima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="darnleiensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="E198EA83FF99FF8AFA4AFC9EE42FBEBF" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">P. darnleiensis</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B77D4B60FF99FF8AFEF9FCB3E747BEBF" author="Hong" box="[308,584,872,896]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" refString="Hong, Y. & James, S. W. (2011 a) New species of Pheretima, Pithemera, and Polypheretima (Clitellata: Megascolecidae) from Kalbaryo, Luzon Island, Philippines. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 59, 19 - 28." type="journal article" year="2011" yearSuffix="a">Hong & James (2011a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
suggested that species-level differences had been ignored, or had been discounted against the large number of spermathecae. They argued that the synonymy was excessive and buried significant morphological and geographical diversity in an increasingly meaningless concept of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14EC4D12FF99FF8AFB20FC6AE09ABEF7" box="[1261,1429,944,968]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Pheretima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="darnleiensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="E198EA83FF99FF8AFB20FC6AE1F4BEF7" box="[1261,1275,945,968]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="E198EA83FF99FF8AFAC1FC6BE09ABEF7" box="[1292,1429,944,968]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">darnleiensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and concluded that it is not probably useful to place into synonymy morphologically distinguishable taxa of greatly differing sizes. In any case, synonymy decisions in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14EC4D12FF99FF8AFCD9FC22E6B4B92F" box="[788,955,1016,1040]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Pheretima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="darnleiensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="E198EA83FF99FF8AFCD9FC22E6B4B92F" box="[788,955,1016,1040]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">P. darnleiensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group need to be reviewed, and the issue needs to be addressed with both morphological and molecular data.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D3533691FF99FF8AFF0AFB9BE70EB80F" blockId="24.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14EC4D12FF99FF8AFF0AFB9BE483B967" box="[199,396,1088,1112]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Pheretima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="adevai" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="E198EA83FF99FF8AFF0AFB9BE483B967" box="[199,396,1088,1112]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">Pheretima adevai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FAAB57F8FF99FF8AFE5EFBE4E4DEB967" box="[403,465,1087,1112]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="E198EA83FF99FF8AFE5EFBE4E4DEB967" bold="true" box="[403,465,1087,1112]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">n. sp.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14EC4D12FF99FF8AFE12FB9AE734B967" box="[479,571,1088,1112]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Pheretima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="lluchi" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="E198EA83FF99FF8AFE12FB9AE734B967" box="[479,571,1088,1112]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">P. lluchi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FAAB57F8FF99FF8AFD8CFBE4E770B967" box="[577,639,1087,1112]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="E198EA83FF99FF8AFD8CFBE4E770B967" bold="true" box="[577,639,1087,1112]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">n. sp.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14EC4D12FF99FF8AFD70FB9AE675B968" box="[701,890,1088,1112]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Pheretima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="potonganensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="E198EA83FF99FF8AFD70FB9AE675B968" box="[701,890,1088,1112]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">P. potonganensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FAAB57F8FF99FF8AFC4CFBE4E6B0B967" box="[897,959,1087,1112]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="E198EA83FF99FF8AFC4CFBE4E6B0B967" bold="true" box="[897,959,1087,1112]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">n. sp.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(see below) at Mt. Malindang are the only species in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14EC4D12FF99FF8AFE8CFBBEE4E6B943" box="[321,489,1124,1148]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Pheretima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="darnleiensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="E198EA83FF99FF8AFE8CFBBEE4E6B943" box="[321,489,1124,1148]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">P. darnleiensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group presently known from Mindanao Island.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14EC4D12FF99FF8AFBD3FBBFE1E8B943" box="[1054,1255,1124,1148]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Pheretima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="adevai">
|
||
<emphasis id="E198EA83FF99FF8AFBD3FBBFE1E8B943" box="[1054,1255,1124,1148]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">Pheretima adevai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14EC4D12FF99FF8AFA4AFBBEE42FB99F" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Pheretima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="darnleiensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="E198EA83FF99FF8AFA4AFBBEE42FB99F" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">P. darnleiensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the location of the first dorsal pore, the spacing between the spermathecal pores and between the male pores, and the number of setae between the male pores (
|
||
<tableCitation id="9E6E032AFF99FF8AFC99FB77E6A3B9FB" box="[852,940,1196,1221]" captionStart="TABLE 3" captionStartId="26.[151,239,476,499]" captionTargetBox="[159,1418,526,1397]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="TABLE 3. Comparison of species in the Pheretima darnleiensis group at Mt. Malindang." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/87936619FF9BFF88FF5AFE07E15FBCCC" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" tableUuid="87936619FF9BFF88FF5AFE07E15FBCCC">Table 3</tableCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14EC4D12FF99FF8AFC0EFB77E186B9FB" box="[963,1161,1196,1220]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Pheretima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="adevai">
|
||
<emphasis id="E198EA83FF99FF8AFC0EFB77E186B9FB" box="[963,1161,1196,1220]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">Pheretima adevai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14EC4D12FF99FF8AFAECFB76E072B9FB" box="[1313,1405,1196,1220]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Pheretima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="lluchi" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="E198EA83FF99FF8AFAECFB76E072B9FB" box="[1313,1405,1196,1220]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">P. lluchi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FAAB57F8FF99FF8AFA48FB77E5B7B9D7" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="E198EA83FF99FF8AFA48FB77E5B7B9D7" bold="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">n. sp.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
in size and in the origin of the gizzard, but the two differ in the location of the first dorsal pore, the spermathecal and male pore spacings, the origin of the intestine, the number of intestinal vessels, and the extent of the prostates and copulatory bursae (
|
||
<tableCitation id="9E6E032AFF99FF8AFE50FACCE4FCB80F" box="[413,499,1303,1328]" captionStart="TABLE 3" captionStartId="26.[151,239,476,499]" captionTargetBox="[159,1418,526,1397]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="TABLE 3. Comparison of species in the Pheretima darnleiensis group at Mt. Malindang." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/87936619FF9BFF88FF5AFE07E15FBCCC" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" tableUuid="87936619FF9BFF88FF5AFE07E15FBCCC">Table 3</tableCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D3533691FF99FF8AFF0AFAE7E6EBBA73" blockId="24.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">
|
||
Seven species in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14EC4D12FF99FF8AFE63FAE7E738B86B" box="[430,567,1340,1364]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Pheretima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="darnleiensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="E198EA83FF99FF8AFE63FAE7E738B86B" box="[430,567,1340,1364]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">darnleiensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group were recently described from Luzon (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14EC4D12FF99FF8AFBE5FAE6E093B86B" authority="Hong & James, 2008" authorityName="Hong & James" authorityYear="2008" box="[1064,1436,1340,1365]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Pheretima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="cabigati">
|
||
<emphasis id="E198EA83FF99FF8AFBE5FAE6E190B86B" box="[1064,1183,1340,1364]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">P. cabigati</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B77D4B60FF99FF8AFB68FAE6E093B86B" author="Hong" box="[1189,1436,1340,1365]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" refString="Hong, Y. & James, S. W. (2008 a) Nine new species of earthworms (Oligochaeta: Megascolecidae) of the Banaue rice terraces, Philippines. Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 115, 341 - 354." type="journal article" year="2008" yearSuffix="a">Hong & James, 2008a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Banaue;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14EC4D12FF99FF8AFE80FABAE4E2B848" box="[333,493,1376,1400]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Pheretima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="pugnatoris">
|
||
<emphasis id="E198EA83FF99FF8AFE80FABAE4E2B848" box="[333,493,1376,1400]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">P. pugnatoris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14EC4D12FF99FF8AFDF4FABAE6FAB847" authority="Hong & James, 2010" authorityName="Hong & James" authorityYear="2010" box="[569,1013,1376,1401]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Pheretima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="tabukensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="E198EA83FF99FF8AFDF4FABAE7DAB847" box="[569,725,1376,1400]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">P. tabukensis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B77D4B60FF99FF8AFD25FABAE6FAB847" author="Hong" box="[744,1013,1376,1401]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" refString="Hong, Y. & James, S. W. (2010) Six new earthworms of the genus Pheretima (Oligochaeta: Megascolecidae) from Balbalan- Balbalasang, Kalinga Province, the Philippines. Zoological Studies, 49, 523 - 533." type="journal article" year="2010">Hong & James, 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Kalinga;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14EC4D12FF99FF8AFB0FFABAE061B848" box="[1218,1390,1376,1400]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Pheretima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="margaritata">
|
||
<emphasis id="E198EA83FF99FF8AFB0FFABAE061B848" box="[1218,1390,1376,1400]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">P. margaritata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14EC4D12FF99FF8AFA4AFABAE44EB8A3" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Pheretima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="kalbaryonensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="E198EA83FF99FF8AFA4AFABAE44EB8A3" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">P. kalbaryonensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<emphasis id="E198EA83FF99FF8AFE4DFA5EE4C3B8A3" box="[384,460,1412,1436]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">P. t h ai i</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B77D4B60FF99FF8AFE1AFA5EE7DDB8A3" author="Hong" box="[471,722,1412,1437]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" refString="Hong, Y. & James, S. W. (2011 a) New species of Pheretima, Pithemera, and Polypheretima (Clitellata: Megascolecidae) from Kalbaryo, Luzon Island, Philippines. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 59, 19 - 28." type="journal article" year="2011" yearSuffix="a">Hong & James, 2011a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
from Kalbaryo; and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14EC4D12FF99FF8AFC0DFA5EE051B8A2" authority="Hong & James, 2011" authorityName="Hong & James" authorityYear="2011" box="[960,1374,1412,1437]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Pheretima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="barligensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="E198EA83FF99FF8AFC0DFA5EE156B8A3" box="[960,1113,1412,1436]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">P. barligensis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B77D4B60FF99FF8AFBACFA5EE051B8A2" author="Hong" box="[1121,1374,1412,1437]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" refString="Hong, Y. & James, S. W. (2011 b) New earthworm species of the genus Pheretima (Clitellata: Megascolecidae) from Mountain Province, Philippines. Journal of Natural History, 45, 1769 - 1788. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222933.2011.560726" type="journal article" year="2011" yearSuffix="b">Hong & James, 2011b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Mountain. Province), aside from three other species placed synonymy (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B77D4B60FF99FF8AFC76FA7CE1A9B8FF" author="Sims" box="[955,1190,1447,1472]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" refString="Sims, R. & Easton, E. (1972) A numerical revision of the earthworm genus Pheretima with the recognition of new genera and an appendix on the earthworms collected by the Royal Society North Borneo Expedition. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 4, 169 - 268. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1095 - 8312.1972. tb 00694. x" type="journal article" year="1972">Sims & Easton 1972</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14EC4D12FF99FF8AFB22FA72E09BB8FF" box="[1263,1428,1448,1472]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Pheretima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="darnleiensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="E198EA83FF99FF8AFB22FA72E09BB8FF" box="[1263,1428,1448,1472]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">P. darnleiensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14EC4D12FF99FF8AFF5AFA17E4C2B8DB" authority="Rosa, 1898" authorityName="Rosa" authorityYear="1898" box="[151,461,1484,1508]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Perichaeta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="belli">
|
||
<emphasis id="E198EA83FF99FF8AFF5AFA17E445B8DB" box="[151,330,1484,1508]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">Perichaeta belli</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B77D4B60FF99FF8AFE9DFA16E4C2B8DB" author="Rosa" box="[336,461,1484,1508]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" refString="Rosa, D. (1898) On some new earthworms in the British Museum. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 2, 276 - 290. [Series 7]" type="journal article" year="1898">Rosa, 1898</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Mindoro Island;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14EC4D12FF99FF8AFD06FA17E157B8DB" authority="Beddard, 1912" authorityName="Beddard" authorityYear="1912" box="[715,1112,1484,1509]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Perichaeta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="vaillanti">
|
||
<emphasis id="E198EA83FF99FF8AFD06FA17E6A6B8DB" box="[715,937,1484,1508]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">Perichaeta vaillanti</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B77D4B60FF99FF8AFC7DFA17E157B8DB" author="Beddard" box="[944,1112,1484,1509]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" refString="Beddard, F. E. (1912) The Oligochaeta terricolae of the Philippines. Part 1. The genus Pheretima. Philippine Journal of Science, 7, 79 - 203. [series D]" type="journal article" year="1912">Beddard, 1912</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14EC4D12FF99FF8AFB5CFA17E430BB37" authority="Beddard, 1912" authorityName="Beddard" authorityYear="1912" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Pheretima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="benguetensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="E198EA83FF99FF8AFB5CFA17E093B8DB" box="[1169,1436,1484,1508]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">Pheretima benguetensis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B77D4B60FF99FF8AFF5AFA34E430BB37" author="Beddard" box="[151,319,1519,1544]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" refString="Beddard, F. E. (1912) The Oligochaeta terricolae of the Philippines. Part 1. The genus Pheretima. Philippine Journal of Science, 7, 79 - 203. [series D]" type="journal article" year="1912">Beddard, 1912</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14EC4D12FF99FF8AFE84FA2BE4F3BB37" box="[329,508,1520,1544]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Perichaeta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="belli">
|
||
<emphasis id="E198EA83FF99FF8AFE84FA2BE4F3BB37" box="[329,508,1520,1544]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">Perichaeta belli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is
|
||
<quantity id="14149B74FF99FF8AFDD1FA34E764BB38" box="[540,619,1519,1544]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" unit="mm" value="75.0">75 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, has zebra-like brown bands dorsally, has 48 setae in vii, has 8 setae between the male pores, and has very short caeca in xxvi–xxv.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14EC4D12FF99FF8AFCABF9CFE176BB13" box="[870,1145,1556,1580]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Perichaeta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="benguetensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="E198EA83FF99FF8AFCABF9CFE176BB13" box="[870,1145,1556,1580]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">Perichaeta benguetensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is
|
||
<quantity id="14149B74FF99FF8AFB50F9CFE1F4BB13" box="[1181,1275,1556,1580]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" unit="mm" value="190.0">190 mm</quantity>
|
||
in length, has purplish blue pigmentation, has the first dorsal pore in 7/8, and lacks seta in
|
||
<date id="A7521051FF99FF8AFC22F9E3E136BB6F" box="[1007,1081,1592,1616]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" value="2010-09-08">8/9/10</date>
|
||
. These features differ markedly from those in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14EC4D12FF99FF8AFEF8F986E493BB4B" box="[309,412,1628,1652]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Pheretima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="adevai">
|
||
<emphasis id="E198EA83FF99FF8AFEF8F986E493BB4B" box="[309,412,1628,1652]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">P. adevai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Length and other pertinent characters in
|
||
<emphasis id="E198EA83FF99FF8AFCB9F986E6F2BB4B" box="[884,1021,1628,1652]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">
|
||
Pe.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14EC4D12FF99FF8AFC6DF987E6F2BB4B" box="[928,1021,1628,1652]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Perichaeta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="vaillanti">vaillanti</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
are unavailable for comparison with the other species. Among recently described species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14EC4D12FF99FF8AFD26F95AE683BBA8" box="[747,908,1664,1688]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Pheretima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="margaritata">
|
||
<emphasis id="E198EA83FF99FF8AFD26F95AE683BBA8" box="[747,908,1664,1688]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">P. margaritata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14EC4D12FF99FF8AFC0EF95AE158BBA8" box="[963,1111,1664,1688]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Pheretima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="pugnatoris">
|
||
<emphasis id="E198EA83FF99FF8AFC0EF95AE158BBA8" box="[963,1111,1664,1688]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">P. pugnatoris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are most similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14EC4D12FF99FF8AFAFBF95AE093BBA7" box="[1334,1436,1664,1688]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Pheretima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="adevai">
|
||
<emphasis id="E198EA83FF99FF8AFAFBF95AE093BBA7" box="[1334,1436,1664,1688]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">P. adevai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in size and in the origin of the intestine (xv), but differ from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14EC4D12FF99FF8AFCF8F97EE693BB83" box="[821,924,1700,1724]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Pheretima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="adevai">
|
||
<emphasis id="E198EA83FF99FF8AFCF8F97EE693BB83" box="[821,924,1700,1724]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">P. adevai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the location of the first dorsal pore (9/
|
||
<quantity id="14149B74FF99FF8AFAA9F97FE093BB82" box="[1380,1436,1700,1725]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" unit="in" value="10.0">10 in</quantity>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14EC4D12FF99FF8AFF5AF912E437BBE0" box="[151,312,1736,1760]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Pheretima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="margaritata">
|
||
<emphasis id="E198EA83FF99FF8AFF5AF912E437BBE0" box="[151,312,1736,1760]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">P. margaritata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; 11/
|
||
<quantity id="14149B74FF99FF8AFEA4F913E4ADBBDF" box="[361,418,1735,1760]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.048" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" unit="in" value="12.0">12 in</quantity>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14EC4D12FF99FF8AFE65F912E733BBE0" box="[424,572,1736,1760]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Pheretima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="pugnatoris">
|
||
<emphasis id="E198EA83FF99FF8AFE65F912E733BBE0" box="[424,572,1736,1760]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">P. pugnatoris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), in the number of setae on vii (
|
||
<quantity id="14149B74FF99FF8AFC52F913E6D6BBDF" box="[927,985,1735,1760]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.096" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" unit="in" value="24.0">24 in</quantity>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14EC4D12FF99FF8AFC12F912E18FBBE0" box="[991,1152,1736,1760]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Pheretima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="margaritata">
|
||
<emphasis id="E198EA83FF99FF8AFC12F912E18FBBE0" box="[991,1152,1736,1760]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">P. margaritata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<quantity id="14149B74FF99FF8AFB43F91CE1FEBBDF" box="[1166,1265,1735,1760]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.445" metricValueMax="4.826" metricValueMin="4.064" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" unit="in" value="17.5" valueMax="19.0" valueMin="16.0">16–19 in</quantity>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14EC4D12FF99FF8AFB3AF912E084BBE0" box="[1271,1419,1736,1760]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Pheretima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="pugnatoris">
|
||
<emphasis id="E198EA83FF99FF8AFB3AF912E084BBE0" box="[1271,1419,1736,1760]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">P. pugnatoris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), in lacking a septum in 8/9, in the origin of the gizzard in viii, and in the length of the caeca (xvii–xxv and xxvii–xxiv in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14EC4D12FF99FF8AFEF1F8CAE4EEBA18" box="[316,481,1808,1832]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Pheretima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="margaritata">
|
||
<emphasis id="E198EA83FF99FF8AFEF1F8CAE4EEBA18" box="[316,481,1808,1832]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">P. margaritata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14EC4D12FF99FF8AFDEDF8CAE7B7BA18" box="[544,696,1808,1832]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Pheretima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="pugnatoris">
|
||
<emphasis id="E198EA83FF99FF8AFDEDF8CAE7B7BA18" box="[544,696,1808,1832]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">P. pugnatoris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, respectively). In addition,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14EC4D12FF99FF8AFC30F8CAE167BA17" box="[1021,1128,1808,1832]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Pheretima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="adevai">
|
||
<emphasis id="E198EA83FF99FF8AFC30F8CAE167BA17" box="[1021,1128,1808,1832]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">P. adevai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has the male pores closer together than in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14EC4D12FF99FF8AFE80F8EEE4E0BA73" box="[333,495,1845,1868]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Pheretima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="margaritata">
|
||
<emphasis id="E198EA83FF99FF8AFE80F8EEE4E0BA73" box="[333,495,1845,1868]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">P. margaritata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and a shorter prostate than in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14EC4D12FF99FF8AFC85F8EEE6D2BA73" box="[840,989,1845,1868]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Pheretima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="pugnatoris">
|
||
<emphasis id="E198EA83FF99FF8AFC85F8EEE6D2BA73" box="[840,989,1845,1868]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">P. pugnatoris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D3533691FF99FF8AFF0AF88CE1CBBAE3" blockId="24.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">
|
||
<emphasis id="E198EA83FF99FF8AFF0AF88CE456BA4F" bold="true" box="[199,345,1879,1904]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">Occurrence.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14EC4D12FF99FF8AFEAAF883E73BBA4F" box="[359,564,1880,1904]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Pheretima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="adevai">
|
||
<emphasis id="E198EA83FF99FF8AFEAAF883E73BBA4F" box="[359,564,1880,1904]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">Pheretima adevai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was the most abundant species at Malindang, comprising 19.4% of all individuals collected (Table 1). Although we detected it in disturbed habitat in Brgy Small Potongan at
|
||
<quantity id="14149B74FF99FF8AFAE1F8A7E5A2BA87" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.695" metricValueMax="10.24" metricValueMin="9.15" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" unit="m" value="969.5" valueMax="1024.0" valueMin="915.0">915–1024 m</quantity>
|
||
elevation, it was most common in Brgy Lake Duminagat at elevations of
|
||
<quantity id="14149B74FF99FF8AFC24F87BE188BA87" box="[1001,1159,1952,1976]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.753" metricValueMax="2.027" metricValueMin="1.479" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" unit="m" value="1753.0" valueMax="2027.0" valueMin="1479.0">1479–2027 m</quantity>
|
||
. It mostly inhabited soil, but some individuals were collected on rotten logs and other substrates above ground (Table 1).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |