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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.203.83529" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-203-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="001CD6EE01E8575F81AC9EFDD0599077" ModsDocID="1314-2003-203-1" checkinTime="1659410005165" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Boza Espinoza, Tatiana Erika &amp; Kessler, Michael" docDate="2022" docId="4C5CEB8E7CB2E60E133EE7F05137DE4F" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 203: 1-274" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 203" docPubDate="2022-08-01" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.203.83529" docTitle="Polylepis occidentalis T. Boza &amp; M. Kessler 2022, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="001CD6EE01E8575F81AC9EFDD0599077" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="001CD6EE01E8575F81AC9EFDD0599077" masterDocTitle="A monograph of the genus Polylepis (Rosaceae)" masterLastPageNumber="274" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1659410005165" updateUser="pensoft">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>A monograph of the genus Polylepis (Rosaceae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Boza Espinoza, Tatiana Erika</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9925-1795</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Institute for Nature, Earth and Energy (INTE), Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Peru (PUCP), Av. Universitaria 1801, Lima 15088, Peru</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">tatianaerika@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Kessler, Michael</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4612-9937</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, CH- 8008 Zurich, Switzerland</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2022-08-01</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>203</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>1</mods:start>
<mods:end>274</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.203.83529</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.203.83529</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-203-1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">001CD6EE01E8575F81AC9EFDD0599077</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4C5CEB8E7CB2E60E133EE7F05137DE4F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4C5CEB8E7CB2E60E133EE7F05137DE4F" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
18.
<taxonomicName LSID="urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77301640-1" authority="T. Boza &amp; M. Kessler" authorityName="T. Boza &amp; M. Kessler" authorityYear="2022" class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis occidentalis" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="species" species="occidentalis" status="sp. nov.">Polylepis occidentalis T.Boza &amp; M.Kessler</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="1">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 51" captionStartId="F51" captionText="Figure 51. Polylepis occidentalis T. Boza &amp; M. Kessler A leaves B leaf C upper leaf surface D lower leaf surface E fruit. Scale bars: 2 cm (A); 1 cm (B-D); 3 mm (E). Photographs A, B M. Richter C-E T. E. Boza E." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.203.83529.figure51" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/721368" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 51</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 52" captionStartId="F52" captionText="Figure 52. Polylepis occidentalis T. Boza &amp; M. Kessler A flowering branch B fruit C stipular sheaths D lower leaf surface E upper leaf surface (A Dillon 4145 B, D, E Diaz 4012 C Beltran 6933). Scale bars: 4 cm (A); 4 mm (B); 2 cm (D, E). Photographs by T. E. Boza E." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.203.83529.figure52" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/721369" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 52</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Resembles the Ecuadorian species,
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. reticulata" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="reticulata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. reticulata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Hieron. by having 3-5 lateral leaflet pairs and similar type and density of hairs, but differs by its shorter hairs (0.3-0.6 mm vs. 0.6-1.5 mm), shorter inflorescences (2.4-6.7 cm vs. 2.3-13.8 cm) and shorter styles (1.5-2.0 mm vs. 2.6-3.9 mm).
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.203.83529.figure51" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/721368" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 51" startId="F51">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 51.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="T. Boza &amp; M. Kessler" authorityYear="2022" class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis occidentalis" order="Centrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="species" species="occidentalis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Polylepis occidentalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
T.Boza &amp; M.Kessler
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
leaves
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
leaf
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
upper leaf surface
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
lower leaf surface
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
fruit. Scale bars: 2 cm (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
); 1 cm (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B-D</emphasis>
); 3 mm (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
). Photographs
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A, B</emphasis>
M. Richter
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C-E</emphasis>
T.E. Boza E.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<typeStatus>Type</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1976-11-05" collectorName="A. Sagastegui" country="Peru" elevation="2900" location="Talanco" municipality="Huancabamba" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Piura" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry name="Peru">Peru</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion country="Peru" name="Piura">Piura</collectingRegion>
:
<collectingMunicipality>Huancabamba</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4C5CEB8E7CB2E60E133EE7F05137DE4F:9EA83577A6839AB96EE4EA9C1F2A9C49" country="Peru" municipality="Huancabamba" name="Talanco" stateProvince="Piura">Talanco</location>
,
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" unit="m" value="2900.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" unit="m" value="2900.0">2900 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<collectingDate value="1976-11-05">5 Nov 1976</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<collectorName>A. Sagastegui</collectorName>
A.8635
</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus>holotype</typeStatus>
: MO!; isotype: UMO!)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.203.83529.figure52" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/721369" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 52" startId="F52">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 52.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="T. Boza &amp; M. Kessler" authorityYear="2022" class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis occidentalis" order="Centrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="species" species="occidentalis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Polylepis occidentalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
T.Boza &amp; M. Kessler
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
flowering branch
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
fruit
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
stipular sheaths
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
lower leaf surface
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
upper leaf surface (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Dillon 4145</emphasis>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B, D, E</emphasis>
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diaz 4012</emphasis>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Beltran 6933</emphasis>
). Scale bars:
<quantity metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" unit="cm" value="4.0">4 cm</quantity>
(
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
);
<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" unit="mm" value="4.0">4 mm</quantity>
(
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
);
<quantity metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="cm" value="2.0">2 cm</quantity>
(
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D, E</emphasis>
). Photographs by T. E. Boza E.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Trees</emphasis>
3-15 m tall.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Leaves</emphasis>
slightly congested at the branch tips, imparipinnate with 3-5 pairs of lateral leaflets, obtrullate in outline, 3.1-4.7
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
1.8-2.9 cm; rachises densely tomentose, points of leaflet attachment with a tuft of long, lanate hairs; stipular sheaths apically acute with spurs, densely lanate on the outer surfaces; leaflets elliptic in outline, second pair from the terminal leaflet the largest, one of this pair 1.1-1.9
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
0.5-0.8 cm; margin entire or slightly crenate at the apex with 3-6 teeth, apically emarginate, basally unequally cordate; upper leaflet surfaces glabrous; lower leaflet surfaces densely tomentose with whitish hairs 0.3-0.6 mm long.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Inflorescences</emphasis>
pendant, 2.4-6.7 cm long, bearing 4-12 flowers; floral bracts 6.8-7.6 mm long, narrowly triangular, densely lanate on the outer surface; rachises tomentose.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Flowers</emphasis>
6.8-7.6 mm diam.; sepals 4, ovate, green, densely tomentose outside; stamens 9-15, anthers orbicular, with a dense tuft of straight white hairs on the upper half; styles fimbriate, 1.5-2.0 mm long.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fruits</emphasis>
turbinate, with variable numbers and placement of flattened spines, densely villous; 3.8-4.1
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
5.8-7.1 mm including spines.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diploid</emphasis>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution, habitat and ecology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="T. Boza &amp; M. Kessler" authorityYear="2022" class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis occidentalis" order="Centrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="species" species="occidentalis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Polylepis occidentalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is distributed in the high mountains of western Peru from Huancabamba (Piura) to Pataz (La Libertad) (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 61" captionStartId="F61" captionText="Figure 61. Geographical distribution of the species of section Polylepis Reticulatae." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.203.83529.figure61" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/721378" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">61</figureCitation>
). The species occurs in relatively dry forest at 2200-3990 m elevation.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
The species epithet
<normalizedToken originalValue="“occidentalis”">&quot;occidentalis&quot;</normalizedToken>
(Latin: western) refers to the distribution range occupying the western mountains in Peru.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="conservation status">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Conservation status.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
The EOO for
<taxonomicName authorityName="T. Boza &amp; M. Kessler" authorityYear="2022" class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis occidentalis" order="Centrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="species" species="occidentalis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Polylepis occidentalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is estimated as 12,906 km2 and the AOO at 52 km2. It is known from 11 locations. It has been found in monospecific forests at the southern margins of the Huancabamba Andean Depression, which forms an important dispersal corridor for Andean tree species (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3097/LO.200912" author="Richter, M" journalOrPublisher="Landscape Online" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 35" refId="B265" refString="Richter, M, Karl-Heinz, D, Emck, P, Peters, T, Beck, E, 2009. Reasons for an outstanding plant diversity in the tropical Andes of Southern Ecuador. Landscape Online 12: 1 - 35, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3097/LO.200912" title="Reasons for an outstanding plant diversity in the tropical Andes of Southern Ecuador." url="https://doi.org/10.3097/LO.200912" volume="12" year="2009">Richter et al. 2009</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.1078" author="Peters, T" journalOrPublisher="Ecology and Evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="2134 - 2145" refId="B233" refString="Peters, T, Braeuning, A, Muenchow, J, Richter, M, 2014. An ecological paradox: High species diversity and low position of the upper forest line in the Andean Depression. Ecology and Evolution 4 (11): 2134 - 2145, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.1078" title="An ecological paradox: High species diversity and low position of the upper forest line in the Andean Depression." url="https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.1078" volume="4" year="2014">Peters et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
). However, collections from Cajamarca, La Libertad and Lambayeque are mostly old and the collection areas have undergone heavy deforestation. Based on the reduction of its restricted distribution and its habitat degradation, we assess
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. occidentalis" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="occidentalis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. occidentalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as Endangered (A1, B1a+B2a, C1).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="notes">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Notes.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
The populations of
<taxonomicName authority="Reticulatae" class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis subsp. section" order="Centrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="section" section="Reticulatae" species="occidentalis" subSpecies="section">Polylepis section Reticulatae</taxonomicName>
from western Peru have been previously identified either as
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. reticulata" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="reticulata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. reticulata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation author="Lassermann, B" journalOrPublisher="Ecologia Austral" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B178" refString="Lassermann, B, 2009. Die Schliessung der &quot;Polylepis-Luecke&quot; Geooekologische Studien in der Depresion de Giron-Cuenca-Huancabamba in Sued-Ecuador und Nord-Peru (Thesis) Institute fuer Geographie der Friedrich-Alexander, Universitaet Erlangen-Nuernberg." title="Die Schliessung der &quot; Polylepis-Luecke &quot; Geooekologische Studien in der Depresion de Giron-Cuenca-Huancabamba in Sued-Ecuador und Nord-Peru (Thesis) Institute fuer Geographie der Friedrich-Alexander, Universitaet Erlangen-Nuernberg." year="2009">Lassermann 2009</bibRefCitation>
) or
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. weberbaueri" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="weberbaueri">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. weberbaueri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.5479/si.0081024X.43.1" author="Simpson, BB" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Contributions to Botany" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 62" refId="B306" refString="Simpson, BB, 1979. A revision of the genus Polylepis (Rosaceae: Sanguisorbeae). Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 43 (43): 1 - 62, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5479/si.0081024X.43.1" title="A revision of the genus Polylepis (Rosaceae: Sanguisorbeae)." url="https://doi.org/10.5479/si.0081024X.43.1" volume="43" year="1979">Simpson 1979</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation author="Lassermann, B" journalOrPublisher="Ecologia Austral" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B178" refString="Lassermann, B, 2009. Die Schliessung der &quot;Polylepis-Luecke&quot; Geooekologische Studien in der Depresion de Giron-Cuenca-Huancabamba in Sued-Ecuador und Nord-Peru (Thesis) Institute fuer Geographie der Friedrich-Alexander, Universitaet Erlangen-Nuernberg." title="Die Schliessung der &quot; Polylepis-Luecke &quot; Geooekologische Studien in der Depresion de Giron-Cuenca-Huancabamba in Sued-Ecuador und Nord-Peru (Thesis) Institute fuer Geographie der Friedrich-Alexander, Universitaet Erlangen-Nuernberg." year="2009">Lassermann 2009</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation author="Mendoza, W" journalOrPublisher="Revista Peruana de Biologia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B204" refString="Mendoza, W, Cano, A, 2012. El genero Polylepis en el Peru Taxonomia, Morfologia y Distribucion. Editorial Academica Espanola, Saarbruecken." title="El genero Polylepis en el Peru Taxonomia, Morfologia y Distribucion. Editorial Academica Espanola, Saarbruecken." year="2012">Mendoza and Cano 2012</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.1078" author="Peters, T" journalOrPublisher="Ecology and Evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="2134 - 2145" refId="B233" refString="Peters, T, Braeuning, A, Muenchow, J, Richter, M, 2014. An ecological paradox: High species diversity and low position of the upper forest line in the Andean Depression. Ecology and Evolution 4 (11): 2134 - 2145, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.1078" title="An ecological paradox: High species diversity and low position of the upper forest line in the Andean Depression." url="https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.1078" volume="4" year="2014">Peters et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
) (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 34" captionStartId="F34" captionText="Figure 34. Polylepis humboldtii T. Boza, K. Romoleroux &amp; M. Kessler A flowering branch B upper leaf surface C lower leaf surface D fruit E stipular sheats (A, D Carate 187 B Carate 185 C, E Carate 188). Scale bars: 7 cm (A); 2 cm (B, C); 5 mm (D). Photographs by T. E. Boza E." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.203.83529.figure34" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/721351" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">34</figureCitation>
). Certainly,
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. occidentalis" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="occidentalis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. occidentalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
resembles
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. reticulata" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="reticulata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. reticulata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having 3-5 lateral leaflet pairs and same type and density of hairs. However, it has shorter lower leaflet surface hairs (0.3-0.6 mm long), shorter inflorescences (2.4-6.7 cm long) and shorter styles (1.5-2.0 mm long), whereas
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. reticulata" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="reticulata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. reticulata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has lower surface hairs 0.6-1.5 mm long, inflorescences (2.1-)4.3-13.8 cm long and styles 2.6-3.9 mm long. Additionally,
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. occidentalis" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="occidentalis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. occidentalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occurs in western Peru, whereas
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. reticulata" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="reticulata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. reticulata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is distributed in Ecuador.
<taxonomicName authorityName="T. Boza &amp; M. Kessler" authorityYear="2022" class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis occidentalis" order="Centrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="species" species="occidentalis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Polylepis occidentalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is morphologically also similar to
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. weberbaueri" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="weberbaueri">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. weberbaueri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, with which it shares similar leaflet size and lower leaflet surface hair type and density. The most obvious differences between
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. occidentalis" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="occidentalis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. occidentalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. weberbaueri" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="weberbaueri">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. weberbaueri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are leaflet pair number, inflorescence length, style length and number of stamens, with
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. occidentalis" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="occidentalis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. occidentalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
having 3-5 leaflet pairs, inflorescences 2.4-6.7 cm long, styles 1.5-2.0 mm long and 9-15 stamens, whereas
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. weberbaueri" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="weberbaueri">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. weberbaueri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has 2-3 leaflet pairs, inflorescences 8.2-9.7 cm long, styles 2.7-3.2 mm long and 19-21 stamens.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.5479/si.0081024X.43.1" author="Simpson, BB" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Contributions to Botany" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 62" refId="B306" refString="Simpson, BB, 1979. A revision of the genus Polylepis (Rosaceae: Sanguisorbeae). Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 43 (43): 1 - 62, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5479/si.0081024X.43.1" title="A revision of the genus Polylepis (Rosaceae: Sanguisorbeae)." url="https://doi.org/10.5479/si.0081024X.43.1" volume="43" year="1979">Simpson (1979)</bibRefCitation>
considered
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. reticulata" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="reticulata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. reticulata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. weberbaueri" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="weberbaueri">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. weberbaueri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to occur in both Ecuador and Peru, with the populations of each species separated by the low elevation Huancabamba depression. Interestingly, however, defined in this way in Ecuador,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
P. &quot;
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis reticulata" order="Centrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="species" species="reticulata">Polylepis reticulata</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
&quot; occurs at higher elevations than
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
P. &quot;
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis weberbaueri" order="Centrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="species" species="weberbaueri">Polylepis weberbaueri</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
&quot;, whereas in Peru, the reverse is the case. In addition to the morphological traits outlined above, we consider this intriguing distributional pattern to support treatment as four species, with the original
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. reticulata" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="reticulata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. reticulata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
restricted to Ecuador and
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. weberbaueri" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="weberbaueri">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. weberbaueri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to Peru and the respective other populations here described as
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. occidentalis" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="occidentalis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. occidentalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Peruvian
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
P. &quot;
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis reticulata" order="Centrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="species" species="reticulata">Polylepis reticulata</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
&quot;) and
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. simpsoniae" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="simpsoniae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. simpsoniae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Ecuadorean
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
P. &quot;
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis weberbaueri" order="Centrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="species" species="weberbaueri">Polylepis weberbaueri</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
&quot;).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<collectingCountry name="Peru">Peru</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion country="Peru" name="Cajamarca">Cajamarca</collectingRegion>
:
<collectingRegion country="Peru" name="Cajamarca">Cajamarca</collectingRegion>
, Dist. La
<normalizedToken originalValue="Encañada">Encanada</normalizedToken>
, San Pedro de Lipiac,
<geoCoordinate degrees="07" direction="south" minutes="03" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="38" value="-7.060556">07°03'38&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="078" direction="west" minutes="20" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="00" value="-78.333336">078°20'00&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.738" unit="m" value="3738.0">3738 m</quantity>
,
<date value="2010-09-07">07 September 2010</date>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Beltrán">Beltran</normalizedToken>
6933
</emphasis>
(USM!). Chota, Llama;
<normalizedToken originalValue="caserío">caserio</normalizedToken>
Callampampa; afluente de Huarimarca,
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.8" unit="m" value="2900.0" valueMax="3000.0" valueMin="2800.0">2800-3000 m</quantity>
,
<date value="1990-01-19">19 January 1990</date>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Díaz">Diaz</normalizedToken>
4012
</emphasis>
(MO!, USM!); Laguna Yahuarcocha (arriba de Incahuasi),
<geoCoordinate degrees="07" direction="south" minutes="34" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="45" value="-7.5791664">07°34'45&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="077" direction="west" minutes="58" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="29" value="-77.974724">077°58'29&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6" unit="m" value="3600.0">3600 m</quantity>
,
<date value="1985-09-14">14 September 1985</date>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Sagástegui">Sagastegui</normalizedToken>
12896
</emphasis>
(GOET!, IBE, MO!); Tucupampa (Llama-Huambos),
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" unit="m" value="2500.0">2500 m</quantity>
,
<date value="1997-03-17">17 March 1997</date>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Sagástegui">Sagastegui</normalizedToken>
15950
</emphasis>
(F!, MO!); Miracosta, entre Miracosta y Pampa del Lirio,
<geoCoordinate degrees="06" direction="south" minutes="23" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-6.383333">06°23'S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="079" direction="west" minutes="15" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-79.25">079°15'W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.25" unit="m" value="3250.0">3250 m</quantity>
,
<date value="2000-11-11">11 November 2000</date>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Sánchez">Sanchez</normalizedToken>
10285
</emphasis>
(MO!); Huambos,
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="m" value="2000.0">2000 m</quantity>
,
<date value="1956-09-11">11 September 1956</date>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Soukup 4457</emphasis>
(F!). Cutervo, carretera entre Llama y Huambos, Tunaspampa,
<geoCoordinate degrees="06" direction="south" minutes="31" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="52" value="-6.531111">06°31'52&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="079" direction="west" minutes="05" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="26" value="-79.09056">079°05'26&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.75" metricValueMax="2.9" metricValueMin="2.6" unit="m" value="2750.0" valueMax="2900.0" valueMin="2600.0">2600-2900 m</quantity>
,
<date value="1988-04-21">21 April 1988</date>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Díaz">Diaz</normalizedToken>
2879
</emphasis>
(F!, MO!). Huambos,
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" unit="km" value="65.0">65 km</quantity>
E of bridge over
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
Maichil,
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" unit="km" value="25.0">25 km</quantity>
W of Huambos,
<geoCoordinate degrees="06" direction="south" minutes="25" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-6.4166665">06°25'S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="079" direction="west" minutes="00" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-79.0">079°00'W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" unit="m" value="2700.0">2700 m</quantity>
,
<date value="1988-02-09">09 February 1988</date>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Gentry 61439</emphasis>
(MO!, USM!). Llama, El Pargo,
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.2" unit="km" value="4.2">4.2 km</quantity>
E of Llama, ca.
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" unit="km" value="1.4">1.4 km</quantity>
SE of Tunas Pampas,
<geoCoordinate degrees="06" direction="south" minutes="30" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-6.5">06°30'S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="079" direction="west" minutes="31" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-79.51667">079°31'W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" unit="m" value="3000.0">3000 m</quantity>
,
<date value="1991-09-08">08 September 1991</date>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Gentry 74575</emphasis>
(MO!, USM!).
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<collectingRegion country="Peru" name="La Libertad">La Libertad</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
: Pataz, Chirimachay,
<geoCoordinate degrees="07" direction="south" minutes="00" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-7.0">07°00'S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="077" direction="west" minutes="00" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-77.0">077°00'W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.45" unit="m" value="3450.0">3450 m</quantity>
,
<date value="1986-02-24">24 February 1986</date>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Young 2966</emphasis>
(MO!).
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<collectingRegion country="Peru" name="Lambayeque">Lambayeque</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
: Ferrenafe, Ca.
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" unit="km" value="7.0">7 km</quantity>
NW of Incahuasi; near Cerro Punamachay on trail to Laguna Hualtaco,
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.425" metricValueMax="3.55" metricValueMin="3.3" unit="m" value="3425.0" valueMax="3550.0" valueMin="3300.0">3300-3550 m</quantity>
,
<date value="1984-11-16">16 November 1984</date>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Dillon 4145</emphasis>
(MO!, USM!).
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<collectingRegion country="Peru" name="Piura">Piura</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
: Huancabamba,
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8" unit="km" value="38.0">38 km</quantity>
above Canchaque, just below summit,
<geoCoordinate degrees="05" direction="south" minutes="18" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="08" value="-5.3022223">05°18'08&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="079" direction="west" minutes="29" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="54" value="-79.49833">079°29'54&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.12" unit="m" value="3120.0">3120 m</quantity>
,
<date value="1964-09-13">13 September 1964</date>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Hutchison 6578</emphasis>
(A!, MO!, USM!); Talaneo (Jalca - Cixse),
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" unit="m" value="2900.0">2900 m</quantity>
,
<date value="1976-09-05">05 September 1976</date>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Sagástegui">Sagastegui</normalizedToken>
8635
</emphasis>
(MO!, UMO). Unknown minor area, La Cruz,
<date value="1961-06-04">04 June 1961</date>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Acleto 364</emphasis>
(GOET!, USM!); Paso de la Cruz Blanca, 3307-
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.154" unit="m" value="3154.0">3154 m</quantity>
,
<date value="2007-11-13">13 November 2007</date>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lasermann I5-8</emphasis>
(USM!); Paso de la Cruz Blanca,
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.307" unit="m" value="3307.0">3307 m</quantity>
,
<date value="2007-11-13">13 November 2007</date>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lasermann V/3</emphasis>
(USM!).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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