181 lines
15 KiB
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181 lines
15 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.727.20222" ID-GBIF-Dataset="13853cb6-522e-4f94-b633-c4a51ba63624" ID-PMC="PMC5799789" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-727-1" ID-PubMed="29416388" ID-ZBK="12B663F7190040788E1EEF8BAC4DF81B" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2017" ModsDocID="1313-2970-727-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 727" ModsDocTitle="A review of the Madagascan pelican spiders of the genera Eriauchenius O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1881 and Madagascarchaea gen. n. (Araneae, Archaeidae)" checkinTime="1515696595036" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Wood, Hannah M. & Scharff, Nikolaj" docDate="2017" docId="26CE63547287AB613C66A19E41775A06" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 727: 1-96" docOrigin="ZooKeys 727" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.727.20222" docTitle="Eriauchenius ratsirarsoni Lotz 2003" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="FFEBD959ED2FFFAA9450FF8B1957B348" masterDocTitle="A review of the Madagascan pelican spiders of the genera Eriauchenius O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1881 and Madagascarchaea gen. n. (Araneae, Archaeidae)" masterLastPageNumber="96" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1668165276717" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A review of the Madagascan pelican spiders of the genera Eriauchenius O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1881 and Madagascarchaea gen. n. (Araneae, Archaeidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Wood, Hannah M.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Scharff, Nikolaj</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2017</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>727</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>96</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.727.20222</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.727.20222</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-727-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">12B663F7190040788E1EEF8BAC4DF81B</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">12B663F7190040788E1EEF8BAC4DF81B</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="140245914" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:26CE63547287AB613C66A19E41775A06" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/26CE63547287AB613C66A19E41775A06" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName authority="Lotz, 2003" authorityName="Lotz" authorityYear="2003" class="Arachnida" family="Archaeidae" genus="Eriauchenius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eriauchenius ratsirarsoni" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ratsirarsoni">Eriauchenius ratsirarsoni (Lotz, 2003)</taxonomicName>
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Figs 19, 31
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName family="Archaeidae" genus="Archaea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Archaea ratsirarsoni" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ratsirarsoni">Archaea ratsirarsoni</taxonomicName>
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Lotz, 2003: 226, fig. 2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Male holotype: as
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<taxonomicName family="Archaeidae" genus="Archaea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Archaea ratsirarsoni" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ratsirarsoni">Archaea ratsirarsoni</taxonomicName>
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(Lotz, 2003), from MADAGASCAR, Toamasina,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Forêt">Foret</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Clasée">Clasee</normalizedToken>
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Sandranantitra,
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="-18.048334">18°2.9'S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="49.091667">49°5.5'E</geoCoordinate>
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, 450 m, 18-21 Jan 1999, rainforest, sifted litter, H.J. Ratsirarson (examined, deposited in CAS; CASENT9012339).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Other material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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MADAGASCAR, Toamasina: female paratype and 1juv, Ambatovy, 12.4 km NE Moramanga,
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="-18.839445">18°50'22"S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="48.308334">48°18'30"E</geoCoordinate>
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, 1080 m, 4-7 Mar 2007, montane rainforest, sifted litter, B.L. Fisher et al. (CASENT9028378); 1F,1juv, Parc National Mantadia,
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="-18.791666">18°47.5'S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="48.426666">48°25.6'E</geoCoordinate>
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, 895 m, 28 Nov - 1 Dec 1998, rainforest, sifted litter, H.J. Ratsirarson (CASENT9012338); 1M, Station Forestier Analamazaotra, administered by Mitsinjo, 0.75 km N Andasibe,
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-18.929716">18°55.783'S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="48.4116">48°24.696'E</geoCoordinate>
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, 964m, 2 Feb 2009, primary montane rainforest, sifting litter around logs, dead fern fronds, and at base of
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<normalizedToken originalValue="traveler’s">traveler's</normalizedToken>
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palm, H. Wood (USNMENT01377174); 1M,1F, Corridor Forestier Analamay-Mantadia, Ambohibolakely,
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="-18.761389">18°45'41"S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="48.364445">48°21'52"E</geoCoordinate>
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, 983m, 23-28 Nov 2012, rainforest, sifting litter, B.L. Fisher et al. (CASENT9062876).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Males and females are distinguished from other
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Archaeidae" genus="Eriauchenius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eriauchenius" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eriauchenius</taxonomicName>
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, except
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<taxonomicName lsidName="E. mahariraensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="mahariraensis">E. mahariraensis</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName lsidName="E. sama" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="sama">E. sama</taxonomicName>
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sp. n., by the presence of 4 small spines on the cephalon crown, and the cheliceral spine pointing perpendicular. Males of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="E. ratsirarsoni" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="ratsirarsoni">E. ratsirarsoni</taxonomicName>
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are distinguished from
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<taxonomicName lsidName="E. sama" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="sama">E. sama</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. and
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<taxonomicName lsidName="E. mahariraensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="mahariraensis">E. mahariraensis</taxonomicName>
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by lacking membranous tissue close to the conductor tip (Fig. 15
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<normalizedToken originalValue="D–L">D-L</normalizedToken>
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) and having a long conductor and conductor process that extends past the embolus tip (Fig. 19F, I). Females are distinguished by the presence of two lateral bulges on the FSGP and translucent
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“wings”">"wings"</normalizedToken>
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(Fig. 19B, arrows).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Male holotype (CASENT9012339, from
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Forêt">Foret</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Clasée">Clasee</normalizedToken>
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Sandranantitra, Madagascar). Total length 1.67, carapace 0.80 long, 0.74 wide. Abdomen 0.81 long, 0.87 high. Carapace tilt angle 67.5°, tilt height (CtH) 1.35, constriction 0.46, head length 0.75, neck length 0.64. CtH divided by carapace length 1.69. Cephalon with AME on a very small bulge, and with 4 small post-ocular spines (anterior two are broken off, rudimentary or missing) on the crown of the cephalon, and 1 spine between the LE and median eyes (on each lateral side, for a total of 2; broken off on the right side). Chelicerae 1.34 long, and with a long spine 0.20 from base of chelicerae that projects perpendicular. Femur I 1.58 long. Sternum 0.55 long, 0.37 wide. Carapace, chelicerae, sternum, and legs reddish brown with white setae; patellas
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<normalizedToken originalValue="I–IV">I-IV</normalizedToken>
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, legs
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<normalizedToken originalValue="II–III">II-III</normalizedToken>
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, tarsi and metatarsi
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<normalizedToken originalValue="I–IV">I-IV</normalizedToken>
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pale yellow. Abdomen mostly dark brown with light circular patches, but with several light-yellow patches; abdomen with white and brown setae. Pedipalpal bulb with a membraneous sac above the base of the embolus, with a greatly exposed embolus that is encircled by the conductor (Fig. 19
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<normalizedToken originalValue="D–L">D-L</normalizedToken>
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). Conductor swirls around the broad, dark embolus and has a large, long process on the prolateral side (Fig. 19
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<normalizedToken originalValue="D–I">D-I</normalizedToken>
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, c1); conductor and process extend past the tip of the embolus (Fig. 19F, I).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Female paratype (CASENT9028378). Total length 1.89, carapace 0.86 long, 0.76 wide. Abdomen 0.87 long, 1.07 high. Carapace tilt angle 69.8°, tilt height (CtH) 1.44, constriction 0.54, head length 0.73, neck length 0.67. CtH divided by carapace length 1.68. Cephalon with AME on a small bulge, and with 4 small spines (anterior pair is rudimentary) on the crown of the cephalon, and missing spine between the LE and median eyes. Chelicerae 1.41 long, and with small spine 0.19 from base of chelicerae projecting perpendicular. Femur I 1.44 long. Sternum 0.56 long, 0.39 wide. Carapace and sternum orangeish brown; legs and chelicerae pale yellow. Abdomen mostly light yellow but with several dark brown areas with light circular patches; abdomen with white and brown setae. Female genitalia FSGP with two large lateral bulges (Fig. 19B, arrows), and nearly translucent
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“wings”">"wings"</normalizedToken>
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, with PB present (Fig. 19B); one group of poreplates on each side of the bursa anterior; poreplates heavily sclerotized and raised, forming a bulge on the bursa (Fig. 19C).
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Figure 19.
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Archaeidae" genus="Eriauchenius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eriauchenius ratsirarsoni" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ratsirarsoni">Eriauchenius ratsirarsoni</taxonomicName>
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Lotz, 2003. A male (USNMENT01377174) habitus, lateral view, image reversed
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<normalizedToken originalValue="B–C">B-C</normalizedToken>
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female (CASENT9028378) internal genitalia B posterior-dorsal view, arrows showing the lateral bulges on the FSGPC anterior view
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<normalizedToken originalValue="D–L">D-L</normalizedToken>
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male pedipalpal bulbs
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<normalizedToken originalValue="D–F">D-F</normalizedToken>
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right bulb (USNMENT01377174), image reversed
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<normalizedToken originalValue="G–J">G-J</normalizedToken>
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left bulb (USNMENT01377174)
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<normalizedToken originalValue="K–L">K-L</normalizedToken>
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left bulb (CASENT9062876) D, G, J prolateral view E, H, K ventral view F, I, L retrolateral view J arrow showing conductor variation, with a tapering tip K, L arrow showing conductor with a blunt tip. Scale bars: 1 mm (A); 0.25 mm (B, D).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="variation">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Variation.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Total length 1.67-1.70 (males; n=3), 1.70-2.47 (females; n=3); Carapace length 0.75-0.80 (males; n=3), 0.82-0.87 (females; n=3); Femur I 1.82-1.98 times the length of carapace in males (n=3), 1.63-1.75 in females (n=3); CtH divided by carapace length 1.65-1.69 in males (n=3), 1.68-1.70 in females (n=3). Average femur I length 1.47 in males (n=3) and 1.43 in females (n= 3). In all males the anterior pair of spines on the cephalon are either rudimentary or broken off; in females, one with anterior pair rudimentary, one with all 4 spines present, one with one anterior spine present and the other absent.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="natural history">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Natural history.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">In montane and primary rainforest from 450-1080 m in elevation, collected by sifting litter.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Known only from central-eastern Madagascar (Fig. 31).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclatural remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Nomenclatural remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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One male specimen (CASENT9062876) has a pedipalpal bulb that is more heavily sclerotized than the other specimens, and also has a blunt conductor tip (Fig. 19
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<normalizedToken originalValue="K–L">K-L</normalizedToken>
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, arrows) rather than the tapering tips in the other two specimens (Fig. 19J, arrow). All three male specimens occur in close proximity so this is likely not a case of geographic variation. This specimen may be a new species and future molecular work as well as additional collection of specimens from more localities can resolve this issue.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |