1357 lines
170 KiB
XML
1357 lines
170 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/vz.71.e64345" ID-GBIF-Dataset="b43da3ef-5b99-455c-86b0-d7a44ccfc31e" ID-GBIF-Taxon="191979799" ID-Pensoft-Pub="2625-8498-71-253" ID-Pensoft-UUID="E144620F8A5554F197349B523AB10A30" ID-ZooBank="8BBB5786A54D4C5F842C7801DB21044C" ModsDocID="2625-8498-71-253" checkinTime="1641857396688" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Deepak, V., Narayanan, Surya, Mohapatra, Pratyush P., Dutta, Sushil K., Melvinselvan, Gnanaselvan, Khan, Ashaharraza, Mahlow, Kristin & Tillack, Frank" docDate="2021" docId="DC85D4EC3AAF5FC497674CFB0444876E" docLanguage="en" docName="VertZool 71: 253-316" docOrigin="Vertebrate Zoology 71" docPubDate="2021-05-13" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/vz.71.e64345" docTitle="Lycodon fasciolatus Shaw 1802" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="E144620F8A5554F197349B523AB10A30" lastPageNumber="253" masterDocId="E144620F8A5554F197349B523AB10A30" masterDocTitle="Revealing two centuries of confusion: new insights on nomenclature and systematic position of Argyrogena fasciolata (Shaw, 1802) (auctt.), with description of a new species from India (Reptilia: Squamata: Colubridae)" masterLastPageNumber="316" masterPageNumber="253" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" updateTime="1641863122062" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
||
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>Revealing two centuries of confusion: new insights on nomenclature and systematic position of Argyrogena fasciolata (Shaw, 1802) (auctt.), with description of a new species from India (Reptilia: Squamata: Colubridae)</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Deepak, V.</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8826-9367</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>Museum of Zoology (Museum fu ̈ r Tierkunde), Senckenberg Dresden, A. B. Meyer Building, 01109 Dresden, Germany & Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, London SW 7 5 BD, UK & Centre for Ecological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India</mods:affiliation>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">veerappandeepak@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Narayanan, Surya</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>Suri Sehgal Centre for Biodiversity and Conservation, Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment (ATREE), Royal Enclave, Srirampura, Bangalore, Karnataka 560064, India</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Mohapatra, Pratyush P.</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8966-297X</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>Zoological Survey of India, Central Zone Regional Centre, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh 482002, India</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Dutta, Sushil K.</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>Department of Zoology, Assam Don Bosco University, Tapesia garden, Kamarkuchi, Sonapur, Tepesia, Assam - 782402, India</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Melvinselvan, Gnanaselvan</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>2757 Valanesam road, Gundupatti, Kookal Post, Kodaikanal, Dindugal, Tamil Nadu, 624103, India</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Khan, Ashaharraza</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>Indian Herpetological Society, Pune, Maharashtra 411 009, India</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Mahlow, Kristin</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>Museum fuer Naturkunde Berlin, Leibniz-Institut fuer Evolutions- und Biodiversitaetsforschung, 10115 Berlin, Germany</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Tillack, Frank</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>Museum fuer Naturkunde Berlin, Leibniz-Institut fuer Evolutions- und Biodiversitaetsforschung, 10115 Berlin, Germany</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>Vertebrate Zoology</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part>
|
||
<mods:date>2021</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
|
||
<mods:number>2021-05-13</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number>71</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start>253</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end>316</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:location>
|
||
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/vz.71.e64345</mods:url>
|
||
</mods:location>
|
||
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/vz.71.e64345</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">2625-8498-71-253</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">8BBB5786A54D4C5F842C7801DB21044C</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">E144620F8A5554F197349B523AB10A30</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="191979799" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DC85D4EC3AAF5FC497674CFB0444876E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/DC85D4EC3AAF5FC497674CFB0444876E" lastPageNumber="253" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="253" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
<taxonomicName LSID="DC85D4EC-3AAF-5FC4-9767-4CFB0444876E" authority="Shaw, 1802 comb. nov. - Russell's wolfsnake" authorityName="Shaw" authorityYear="1802" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Lycodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lycodon fasciolatus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fasciolatus">
|
||
Lycodon fasciolatus Shaw, 1802 comb. nov. -
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Russell’s">Russell's</normalizedToken>
|
||
wolfsnake
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="253" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coluber" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Coluber</taxonomicName>
|
||
. -
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Russell, P" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Biology" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B301" refString="Russell, P, 1796. An account of Indian serpents, collected on the Coast of Coromandel; containing descriptions and drawings of each species; together with experiments and remarks on their several poisons. George Nicol, London, vii+91 pp., 46 pls." title="An account of Indian serpents, collected on the Coast of Coromandel; containing descriptions and drawings of each species; together with experiments and remarks on their several poisons. George Nicol, London, vii + 91 pp., 46 pls." year="1796">Russell 1796</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 26 f., pl. 21, "Nooni Paragoodoo", locality not given, collector unknown;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Anonymous" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B21" refString="Anonymous, 1796. [? Gmelin, F. J.] An account of Indian serpents collected on the coast of Coromandel, [...]. In: Goettingische Anzeigen von gelehrten Sachen unter Aufsicht der koenigl. Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften. 167. Stueck. Den 17. October 1796. Goettingische Anzeigen [etc.], Der zweyte Band auf das Jahr 1796, 1665-1670 [review of Russell (1796)]." title="[? Gmelin, F. J.] An account of Indian serpents collected on the coast of Coromandel, [...]. In: Goettingische Anzeigen von gelehrten Sachen unter Aufsicht der koenigl. Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften. 167. Stueck. Den 17. October 1796. Goettingische Anzeigen [etc.], Der zweyte Band auf das Jahr 1796, 1665 - 1670 [review of Russell (1796)]." year="1796">Anonymous 1796</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 1667, "Nuni Paragudu"; Duncan and Duncan 1798, p. 5, "Nooni Paragoodoo";
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Gmelin, JF" journalOrPublisher="Goettingisches Journal der Naturwissenschaften" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="1 - 54" refId="B152" refString="Gmelin, JF, 1798. Auszug aus Patr. Russell's Nachricht von indischen Schlangen. Goettingisches Journal der Naturwissenschaften 1 (3): 1 - 54" title="Auszug aus Patr. Russell's Nachricht von indischen Schlangen." volume="1" year="1798">Gmelin 1798</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 21 "Nuhni Paraguhduh";
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Bechstein, JM" journalOrPublisher="International Journal of Fauna and Biological Studies" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B36" refString="Bechstein, JM, 1802. Herrn de la Cepede's Naturgeschichte der Amphibien oder der eyerlegenden vierfuessigen Thiere und der Schlangen. Eine Fortsetzung von Buffon's Naturgeschichte. Aus dem Franzoesischen uebersetzt und mit Anmerkungen und Zusaetzen versehen. Vierter Band. Industrie-Comptoir, Weimar, xx+298 pp., 48 pls." title="Herrn de la Cepede's Naturgeschichte der Amphibien oder der eyerlegenden vierfuessigen Thiere und der Schlangen. Eine Fortsetzung von Buffon's Naturgeschichte. Aus dem Franzoesischen uebersetzt und mit Anmerkungen und Zusaetzen versehen. Vierter Band. Industrie-Comptoir, Weimar, xx + 298 pp., 48 pls." year="1802">Bechstein 1802</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 83 f., pl. 9, fig. 3, "Nuhni Paragudih" or "Russelsche Hofnatter";
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Wilkes, J" journalOrPublisher="National Book Trust, India, New Delhi" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B411" refString="Wilkes, J, 1810. Encyclopaedia Londinensis; or, Universal Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, and Literature. Comprehending, under one general alphabetical arrangement, all the words and substance of every kind of dictionary extant in the English language. [etc.]. Compiled, digested, and arranged, by John Wilkes, of Milland House, in the county of Sussex, esquire; assisted by eminent scholars of the English Scotch, and Irish, universities, Vol. IV, (1)+(2)+911+(1) pp., 67 pls. [Coluber pls. 47-62]." title="Encyclopaedia Londinensis; or, Universal Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, and Literature. Comprehending, under one general alphabetical arrangement, all the words and substance of every kind of dictionary extant in the English language. [etc.]. Compiled, digested, and arranged, by John Wilkes, of Milland House, in the county of Sussex, esquire; assisted by eminent scholars of the English Scotch, and Irish, universities, Vol. IV, (1) + (2) + 911 + (1) pp., 67 pls. [Coluber pls. 47 - 62]." year="1810">Wilkes 1810</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 804 f., 811, "Nooni paragoodo"; Buhle et al. 1835, p. 93, "Hofnatter, oder Nuhnih-Paragudih";
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Druitt, R" journalOrPublisher="Zoologica" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B118" refString="Druitt, R, 1860. The principles and practice of modern surgery. Blanchard and Lea, Philadelphia, xxiii+695+32 pp." title="The principles and practice of modern surgery. Blanchard and Lea, Philadelphia, xxiii + 695 + 32 pp." year="1860">Druitt 1860</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 166, "Nooni Paragoodo".
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Shaw" authorityYear="1802" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coluber Fasciolatus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="Fasciolatus">Coluber Fasciolatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
Shaw, 1802, p. 528, 413, "Fasciolated Snake", type locality
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="“India”">"India"</normalizedToken>
|
||
, based on
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Russell, P" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Biology" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B301" refString="Russell, P, 1796. An account of Indian serpents, collected on the Coast of Coromandel; containing descriptions and drawings of each species; together with experiments and remarks on their several poisons. George Nicol, London, vii+91 pp., 46 pls." title="An account of Indian serpents, collected on the Coast of Coromandel; containing descriptions and drawings of each species; together with experiments and remarks on their several poisons. George Nicol, London, vii + 91 pp., 46 pls." year="1796">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Russell’s">Russell's</normalizedToken>
|
||
(1796
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 26-27) account of "Nooni Paragoodoo" and illustrated on plate 21, holotype lost according to
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Bauer, AM" journalOrPublisher="Tulane Studies in Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B31" refString="Bauer, AM, 2015. Patrick Russell's snakes and their role as type specimens. Hamadryad 37(1&2): 18-65." title="Patrick Russell's snakes and their role as type specimens. Hamadryad 37 (1 & 2): 18 - 65." year="2015">Bauer (2015)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Rees, A" journalOrPublisher="The Cyclopaedia; or, Universal Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, and Literature, London 9" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B299" refString="Rees, A, 1819. Coluber. The Cyclopaedia; or, Universal Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, and Literature, London 9" title="Coluber." year="1819">Rees 1819</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, "Nooni Paragoodoo".
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Shaw" authorityYear="1802" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coluber fasciolatus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fasciolatus">Coluber fasciolatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
. -
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Gmelin, JF" journalOrPublisher="Lewis, London" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B153" refString="Gmelin, JF, 1809. A genuine and universal system of natural history; comprising the three kingdoms of animals, vegtetables, and minerals, arranged under their respective classes, orders, genera, and species by the late Sir Charles Linnaeus [...] improved, corrected and enlarged. Volume the Twelfth [Reptiles]. W. Lewis, London" title="A genuine and universal system of natural history; comprising the three kingdoms of animals, vegtetables, and minerals, arranged under their respective classes, orders, genera, and species by the late Sir Charles Linnaeus [...] improved, corrected and enlarged. Volume the Twelfth [Reptiles]. W." year="1809">Gmelin 1809</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 590, 649, "Fasciolated Viper";
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Gray, JE" journalOrPublisher="Lewis, London" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B154" refString="Gray, JE, 1831. A synopsis of the species of the class Reptilia. In: Griffith, E. and Pidgeon, E. (Eds) The animal kingdom arranged in conformity with its organization, by the Baron Cuvier, member of the Institute of France, &c. &c. &c. With additional descriptions of all the species hitherto named, and of many not before noticed. Volume the ninth. The class Reptilia arranged by the Baron Cuvier, with specific descriptions. Whittaker, Treacher, London, 1-110 (Appendix)." title="A synopsis of the species of the class Reptilia. In: Griffith, E. and Pidgeon, E. (Eds) The animal kingdom arranged in conformity with its organization, by the Baron Cuvier, member of the Institute of France, & c. & c. & c. With additional descriptions of all the species hitherto named, and of many not before noticed. Volume the ninth. The class Reptilia arranged by the Baron Cuvier, with specific descriptions. Whittaker, Treacher, London, 1 - 110 (Appendix)." year="1831">Gray 1831</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, Appendix, p. 92;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Cantor, T" journalOrPublisher="Henri Basuyau & Cie, Toulouse" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B58" refString="Cantor, T, 1847a. Catalogue of reptiles inhabiting the Malayan Peninsula and islands [parts 1-3]. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, new series 16: 607-656+897-952+1026-1078, 2 pls." title="Catalogue of reptiles inhabiting the Malayan Peninsula and islands [parts 1 - 3]. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, new series 16: 607 - 656 + 897 - 952 + 1026 - 1078, 2 pls." year="1847 a">Cantor 1847a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 73, 150;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Cantor, T" journalOrPublisher="Henri Basuyau & Cie, Toulouse" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B59" refString="Cantor, T, 1847b. Catalogue of reptiles inhabiting the Malayan Peninsula and islands [parts 1-3]. Calcutta (published by the author), 157 pp., 2 pls. [reissued 1886 in Truebner's Oriental Series. Miscellaneous papers relating to Indo-China, Vol. II; reprinted 1966 by A. Asher & Co., Amsterdam, and by Cosmo Publictations, New Delhi in 1981]." title="Catalogue of reptiles inhabiting the Malayan Peninsula and islands [parts 1 - 3]. Calcutta (published by the author), 157 pp., 2 pls. [reissued 1886 in Truebner's Oriental Series. Miscellaneous papers relating to Indo-China, Vol. II; reprinted 1966 by A. Asher & Co., Amsterdam, and by Cosmo Publictations, New Delhi in 1981]." year="1847 b">Cantor 1847b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 919, 1069;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Cantor, T" journalOrPublisher="Henri Basuyau & Cie, Toulouse" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B60" refString="Cantor, T, 1848. Latitudinal distribution of reptiles inhabiting the Malayan Peninsula and islands, and other localities. The Edinburgh New Philosophical Journal 44: 271-286 [partly reprinted from Cantor (1847a, pt. 3)]." title="Latitudinal distribution of reptiles inhabiting the Malayan Peninsula and islands, and other localities. The Edinburgh New Philosophical Journal 44: 271 - 286 [partly reprinted from Cantor (1847 a, pt. 3)]." year="1848">Cantor 1848</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 274;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Froriep, R" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Molecular Evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B134" refString="Froriep, R, Schomburgk, O, 1848. Amphibien der malaiischen Halbinsel, wie ueberhaup6 der Inseln des Sued-Oceans. Nach Cantor. Fortschritte der Geographie und Naturgeschichte Vol. 5, 69(1): col. 279-284." title="Amphibien der malaiischen Halbinsel, wie ueberhaup 6 der Inseln des Sued-Oceans. Nach Cantor. Fortschritte der Geographie und Naturgeschichte Vol. 5, 69 (1): col. 279 - 284." year="1848">Froriep and Schomburgk 1848</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, col. 282;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Jerdon, TC" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B190" refString="Jerdon, TC, 1853. Catalogue of reptiles inhabiting the peninsula of India. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 22(5): 462-479, (6): 522-534." title="Catalogue of reptiles inhabiting the peninsula of India. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 22 (5): 462 - 479, (6): 522 - 534." year="1853">Jerdon 1853</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 529;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Blyth, E" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal (Part II)" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B46" refString="Blyth, E, 1855b. Report of Curator, Zoological Department, for September, 1854. In: Proceedings of the Asiatic Society of Bengal for October, 1854. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal [1854], 729-740." title="Report of Curator, Zoological Department, for September, 1854. In: Proceedings of the Asiatic Society of Bengal for October, 1854. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal [1854], 729 - 740." year="1855 b">Blyth 1855b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 740.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Daudin" authorityYear="1803" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coluber hebe" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hebe">Coluber hebe</taxonomicName>
|
||
Daudin, 1803 p. 385 ff., type locality
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="“Coromandel”">"Coromandel"</normalizedToken>
|
||
, like
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Shaw" authorityYear="1802" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coluber fasciolatus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fasciolatus">Coluber fasciolatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
Shaw based on
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Russell, P" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Biology" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B301" refString="Russell, P, 1796. An account of Indian serpents, collected on the Coast of Coromandel; containing descriptions and drawings of each species; together with experiments and remarks on their several poisons. George Nicol, London, vii+91 pp., 46 pls." title="An account of Indian serpents, collected on the Coast of Coromandel; containing descriptions and drawings of each species; together with experiments and remarks on their several poisons. George Nicol, London, vii + 91 pp., 46 pls." year="1796">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Russell’s">Russell's</normalizedToken>
|
||
(1796)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
account of the "Nooni Paragoodoo", see above;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Cuvier, G" journalOrPublisher="The Indian Medical Gazette" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B79" refString="Cuvier, G, Dumeril, AMC, 1818. Coleuvre, Coluber. Dictionnaire des sciences naturelles, [etc.], XI. Cos-Cris., 170-216." title="Coleuvre, Coluber. Dictionnaire des sciences naturelles, [etc.], XI. Cos-Cris., 170 - 216." year="1818">
|
||
Cuvier and
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Duméril">Dumeril</normalizedToken>
|
||
1818
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 190, "La Couleuvre
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Hébé”">Hebe"</normalizedToken>
|
||
,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="“Nouni-paragoudou”">"Nouni-paragoudou"</normalizedToken>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Gray, JE" journalOrPublisher="Lewis, London" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B154" refString="Gray, JE, 1831. A synopsis of the species of the class Reptilia. In: Griffith, E. and Pidgeon, E. (Eds) The animal kingdom arranged in conformity with its organization, by the Baron Cuvier, member of the Institute of France, &c. &c. &c. With additional descriptions of all the species hitherto named, and of many not before noticed. Volume the ninth. The class Reptilia arranged by the Baron Cuvier, with specific descriptions. Whittaker, Treacher, London, 1-110 (Appendix)." title="A synopsis of the species of the class Reptilia. In: Griffith, E. and Pidgeon, E. (Eds) The animal kingdom arranged in conformity with its organization, by the Baron Cuvier, member of the Institute of France, & c. & c. & c. With additional descriptions of all the species hitherto named, and of many not before noticed. Volume the ninth. The class Reptilia arranged by the Baron Cuvier, with specific descriptions. Whittaker, Treacher, London, 1 - 110 (Appendix)." year="1831">Gray 1831</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, Appendix, p. 92;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Hoeven, J van der" journalOrPublisher="Arannayk Foundation, Dhaka" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B171" refString="Hoeven, J van der, 1856. Handbuch der Zoologie. Zweiter Band (Wirbelthiere). Leopold Voss, Leipzig, x+817+(3) pp., 6 pls." title="Handbuch der Zoologie. Zweiter Band (Wirbelthiere). Leopold Voss, Leipzig, x + 817 + (3) pp., 6 pls." year="1856">Hoeven 1856</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 282.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Natrix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Natrix" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Natrix</taxonomicName>
|
||
[
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Natrix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Natrix" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Natrix</taxonomicName>
|
||
]
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Natrix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Natrix hebe" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hebe">Natrix hebe</taxonomicName>
|
||
. -
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Merrem, B" journalOrPublisher="Krieger, Marburg, xv, xv + 191" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B247" refString="Merrem, B, 1820. Versuch eines Systems der Amphibien/ Tentamen Systematis Amphibiorum. J. C. Krieger, Marburg, xv, xv+191" title="Versuch eines Systems der Amphibien / Tentamen Systematis Amphibiorum. J. C." year="1820">Merrem 1820</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 95.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Lycodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lycodon" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Lycodon</taxonomicName>
|
||
Hebe. - Boie, H. 1826, p. 238 [partim]; Boie, H. in Boie, F. 1827, col. 551 [partim];
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Schlegel, H" journalOrPublisher="Vertebrate Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B311" refString="Schlegel, H, 1827. Erpetologische Nachrichten. Isis von Oken 20(3): col. 281-294." title="Erpetologische Nachrichten. Isis von Oken 20 (3): col. 281 - 294." year="1827">Schlegel 1827</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, col. 293 [partim];
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Wagler, J" journalOrPublisher="Reptile Rap" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B389" refString="Wagler, J, 1830. Natuerliches System der Amphibien, mit vorangehender Classification der Saeugethiere und Voegel. J. G. Cotta, Muenchen, Stuttgart und Tuebingen, vi+354 pp., 1 pl., 1 table; Atlas: (4) pp, 7 pls." title="Natuerliches System der Amphibien, mit vorangehender Classification der Saeugethiere und Voegel. J. G. Cotta, Muenchen, Stuttgart und Tuebingen, vi + 354 pp., 1 pl., 1 table; Atlas: (4) pp, 7 pls." year="1830">Wagler 1830</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 186;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Schlegel, H" journalOrPublisher="Vertebrate Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B312" refString="Schlegel, H, 1837. Essai sur la Physionomie des Serpens. J. Kips, J.Hz. and W.P. Stockum, La Haye, Partie Generale: (3)+(1)+xxviii+251 pp., Partie Descriptive: (1)+606+xv+(1) pp., Atlas: (1)+(1)pp., 21 pls., 3 maps, 2 tables." title="Essai sur la Physionomie des Serpens. J. Kips, J. Hz. and W. P. Stockum, La Haye, Partie Generale: (3) + (1) + xxviii + 251 pp., Partie Descriptive: (1) + 606 + xv + (1) pp., Atlas: (1) + (1) pp., 21 pls., 3 maps, 2 tables." year="1837">Schlegel 1837</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, pt.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Générale">Generale</normalizedToken>
|
||
, p. 78, 142, 231 [partim], pt. Descriptive, p. 106 [partim];
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Filippi, F de" journalOrPublisher="PloS One" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B128" refString="Filippi, F de, 1840. Catalogo ragionato e descrittivo della Raccolta de' Serpenti del Museo dell' I. R. Universita di Pavia. Biblioteca Italiana 99: 163-187+306-343 [reissued 1840 as authors reprint, 65 pp.]." title="Catalogo ragionato e descrittivo della Raccolta de' Serpenti del Museo dell' I. R. Universita di Pavia. Biblioteca Italiana 99: 163 - 187 + 306 - 343 [reissued 1840 as authors reprint, 65 pp.]." year="1840">Filippi 1840</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 183 [partim];
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Fitzinger, L [J]" journalOrPublisher="PloS One" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B130" refString="Fitzinger, L [J], 1843. Systema Reptilius. Fasciculus Primus Amblyglossae. Vindobonae [Vienna], Braumueller et Seidel, 106+vi+3 pp. [reprinted 1973 by the Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles, Oxford, Ohio]." title="Systema Reptilius. Fasciculus Primus Amblyglossae. Vindobonae [Vienna], Braumueller et Seidel, 106 + vi + 3 pp. [reprinted 1973 by the Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles, Oxford, Ohio]." year="1843">Fitzinger 1843</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 27 [partim];
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Burmeister, H" journalOrPublisher="Henri Basuyau & Cie, Toulouse" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B54" refString="Burmeister, H, 1850. Verzeichnis der im zoologischen Museum der Universitaet Halle-Wittenberg aufgestellten Saeugethiere, Voegel und Amphibien. Zoologisches Museum Halle, 84 pp." title="Verzeichnis der im zoologischen Museum der Universitaet Halle-Wittenberg aufgestellten Saeugethiere, Voegel und Amphibien. Zoologisches Museum Halle, 84 pp." year="1850">Burmeister 1850</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 80;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Beddome, RH" journalOrPublisher="International Journal of Fauna and Biological Studies" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B37" refString="Beddome, RH, 1862. Notes upon the land and fresh-water snakes of the Madras presidency. The Madras Quarterly Journal of Medical Science 5: 1-31, pl. 2." title="Notes upon the land and fresh-water snakes of the Madras presidency. The Madras Quarterly Journal of Medical Science 5: 1 - 31, pl. 2." year="1862">Beddome 1862</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 22.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Lycodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lycodon aulicum" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aulicum">Lycodon aulicum</taxonomicName>
|
||
. -
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Duméril">Dumeril</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Bibron and
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Duméril">Dumeril</normalizedToken>
|
||
1854, p. 370 [
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Varieté">Variete</normalizedToken>
|
||
B, partim, non
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Lycodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lycodon aulicus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aulicus">Lycodon aulicus</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Linneus, 1758)].
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Duméril & Bibron, 1854" authorityName="Duméril & Bibron" authorityYear="1854" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coryphodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coryphodon fasciolatus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fasciolatus">Coryphodon fasciolatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
. -
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Guenther, A [CLG]" journalOrPublisher="A. R. G. Gantner K. G., Ruggell" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B160" refString="Guenther, A[CLG], 1858. Catalogue of colubrine snakes in the collection of the British Museum. Printed by order of the Trustees, London, xvi+281 pp. [reprinted 1971 by Alden Press, Oxford]." title="Catalogue of colubrine snakes in the collection of the British Museum. Printed by order of the Trustees, London, xvi + 281 pp. [reprinted 1971 by Alden Press, Oxford]." year="1858">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Günther">Guenther</normalizedToken>
|
||
1858
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 109 [partim];
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Gray, JE" journalOrPublisher="Lewis, London" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B156" refString="Gray, JE, 1863. Catalogue of the specimens and drawings of mammals, birds, reptiles and fishes of Nepal and Tibet, presented by B. H. Hodgson, ESQ., to the British Museum. British Museum (Nat. Hist.), London, second edition, xii+90 pp." title="Catalogue of the specimens and drawings of mammals, birds, reptiles and fishes of Nepal and Tibet, presented by B. H. Hodgson, ESQ., to the British Museum. British Museum (Nat. Hist.), London, second edition, xii + 90 pp." year="1863">Gray 1863</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 83 [partim].
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1864" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Lycodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lycodon anamallensis" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="anamallensis">Lycodon anamallensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Günther">Guenther</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 1864, p. 318 f., type locality "Anamallai Mountains", holotype BMNH 1946.1.14.92, coll. B.[sic] R.H. Beddome;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Ganesh, SR" journalOrPublisher="Bonn zoological Bulletin" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="26 - 36" refId="B138" refString="Ganesh, SR, Vogel, G, 2018. Taxonomic reassessment of the Common Indian Wolf Snake Lycodon aulicus (Linnaeus, 1758) complex (Squamata: Serpentes: Colubridae). Bonn zoological Bulletin 67 (1): 26 - 36" title="Taxonomic reassessment of the Common Indian Wolf Snake Lycodon aulicus (Linnaeus, 1758) complex (Squamata: Serpentes: Colubridae)." volume="67" year="2018">Ganesh and Vogel 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 29 ff. [see also further citations in their synonym list].
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Taylor" authorityYear="1950" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Lycodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lycodon osmanhilli" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="osmanhilli">Lycodon osmanhilli</taxonomicName>
|
||
Taylor, 1950, p. 562 ff, pl. 20, type locality "Colombo, Ceylon", holotype KUMNH 24141, coll. W.C. Osman-Hill.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Shaw" authorityYear="1802" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Lycodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lycodon fasciolatus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fasciolatus">Lycodon fasciolatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
.- this work.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="253" type="">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Shaw" authorityYear="1802" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coluber fasciolatus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fasciolatus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Coluber fasciolatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
formally named by George Kearsley
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Shaw, G" journalOrPublisher="Newsletter of the Zoological Survey of India" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B336" refString="Shaw, G, 1802. General zoology or systematic natural history. III (II). Amphibia. G. Kearsley, London, vii+(2)+303 pp. [reprinted 1999 by the Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles, Ithaca, New York]." title="General zoology or systematic natural history. III (II). Amphibia. G. Kearsley, London, vii + (2) + 303 pp. [reprinted 1999 by the Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles, Ithaca, New York]." year="1802">Shaw (1802)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
in the third volume of the "General Zoology" series is entirely based on
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Russell, P" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Biology" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B301" refString="Russell, P, 1796. An account of Indian serpents, collected on the Coast of Coromandel; containing descriptions and drawings of each species; together with experiments and remarks on their several poisons. George Nicol, London, vii+91 pp., 46 pls." title="An account of Indian serpents, collected on the Coast of Coromandel; containing descriptions and drawings of each species; together with experiments and remarks on their several poisons. George Nicol, London, vii + 91 pp., 46 pls." year="1796">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Russell’s">Russell's</normalizedToken>
|
||
(1796)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
description of a "
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coluber" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Coluber</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
" named "Nooni Paragoodoo" by native inhabitants of the "Coromandel Coast", encompassing the lowlands of the
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="today’s">today's</normalizedToken>
|
||
Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh states on the southeastern coast region of peninsular India. Besides short remarks on pholidosis, colour, pattern, measurements and brief comments on experiments about possible toxic effects of its bite (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Russell, P" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Biology" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B301" refString="Russell, P, 1796. An account of Indian serpents, collected on the Coast of Coromandel; containing descriptions and drawings of each species; together with experiments and remarks on their several poisons. George Nicol, London, vii+91 pp., 46 pls." title="An account of Indian serpents, collected on the Coast of Coromandel; containing descriptions and drawings of each species; together with experiments and remarks on their several poisons. George Nicol, London, vii + 91 pp., 46 pls." year="1796">Russell 1796</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 26-27), the specimen is illustrated on plate 21 [reproduced here in Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Lycodon fasciolatus comb. nov. A. Holotype of Coluber fasciolatus Shaw, 1802, as well as holotype of Coluber hebe Daudin, 1803, " Nooni Paragoodoo " reproduced from Russell (1796, pl. 21), B. uncollected live specimen from Rushikulya, Ganjam, Odisha state, India, and C. " Nuhni Paragudih oder Russelsche Hofnatter ", rearranged sketch from Russell (1796, pl. 21) reproduced by Bechstein (1802, pl. 9, fig. 3)." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.71.e64345.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/542385" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">3 A</figureCitation>
|
||
]. A complete German translation of
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Russell’s">Russell's</normalizedToken>
|
||
account was published by Johann
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Matthäus">Matthaeus</normalizedToken>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Bechstein, JM" journalOrPublisher="International Journal of Fauna and Biological Studies" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B36" refString="Bechstein, JM, 1802. Herrn de la Cepede's Naturgeschichte der Amphibien oder der eyerlegenden vierfuessigen Thiere und der Schlangen. Eine Fortsetzung von Buffon's Naturgeschichte. Aus dem Franzoesischen uebersetzt und mit Anmerkungen und Zusaetzen versehen. Vierter Band. Industrie-Comptoir, Weimar, xx+298 pp., 48 pls." title="Herrn de la Cepede's Naturgeschichte der Amphibien oder der eyerlegenden vierfuessigen Thiere und der Schlangen. Eine Fortsetzung von Buffon's Naturgeschichte. Aus dem Franzoesischen uebersetzt und mit Anmerkungen und Zusaetzen versehen. Vierter Band. Industrie-Comptoir, Weimar, xx + 298 pp., 48 pls." year="1802">Bechstein (1802</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 83-84) under "Nuhni Paragudih oder Russelsche Hofnatter", accompanied by a rearranged sketch on plate 9, figure 3, illustrating another position and different colouration [reproduced here in Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Lycodon fasciolatus comb. nov. A. Holotype of Coluber fasciolatus Shaw, 1802, as well as holotype of Coluber hebe Daudin, 1803, " Nooni Paragoodoo " reproduced from Russell (1796, pl. 21), B. uncollected live specimen from Rushikulya, Ganjam, Odisha state, India, and C. " Nuhni Paragudih oder Russelsche Hofnatter ", rearranged sketch from Russell (1796, pl. 21) reproduced by Bechstein (1802, pl. 9, fig. 3)." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.71.e64345.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/542385" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">3 C</figureCitation>
|
||
]. Additional shortened German versions can be found in
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Anonymous" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B21" refString="Anonymous, 1796. [? Gmelin, F. J.] An account of Indian serpents collected on the coast of Coromandel, [...]. In: Goettingische Anzeigen von gelehrten Sachen unter Aufsicht der koenigl. Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften. 167. Stueck. Den 17. October 1796. Goettingische Anzeigen [etc.], Der zweyte Band auf das Jahr 1796, 1665-1670 [review of Russell (1796)]." title="[? Gmelin, F. J.] An account of Indian serpents collected on the coast of Coromandel, [...]. In: Goettingische Anzeigen von gelehrten Sachen unter Aufsicht der koenigl. Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften. 167. Stueck. Den 17. October 1796. Goettingische Anzeigen [etc.], Der zweyte Band auf das Jahr 1796, 1665 - 1670 [review of Russell (1796)]." year="1796">Anonymous (1796)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Gmelin, JF" journalOrPublisher="Goettingisches Journal der Naturwissenschaften" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="1 - 54" refId="B152" refString="Gmelin, JF, 1798. Auszug aus Patr. Russell's Nachricht von indischen Schlangen. Goettingisches Journal der Naturwissenschaften 1 (3): 1 - 54" title="Auszug aus Patr. Russell's Nachricht von indischen Schlangen." volume="1" year="1798">Gmelin (1798)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, and Buhle et al. (1835), while further English versions were published by e.g.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Gmelin, JF" journalOrPublisher="Lewis, London" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B153" refString="Gmelin, JF, 1809. A genuine and universal system of natural history; comprising the three kingdoms of animals, vegtetables, and minerals, arranged under their respective classes, orders, genera, and species by the late Sir Charles Linnaeus [...] improved, corrected and enlarged. Volume the Twelfth [Reptiles]. W. Lewis, London" title="A genuine and universal system of natural history; comprising the three kingdoms of animals, vegtetables, and minerals, arranged under their respective classes, orders, genera, and species by the late Sir Charles Linnaeus [...] improved, corrected and enlarged. Volume the Twelfth [Reptiles]. W." year="1809">Gmelin (1809)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Wilkes, J" journalOrPublisher="National Book Trust, India, New Delhi" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B411" refString="Wilkes, J, 1810. Encyclopaedia Londinensis; or, Universal Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, and Literature. Comprehending, under one general alphabetical arrangement, all the words and substance of every kind of dictionary extant in the English language. [etc.]. Compiled, digested, and arranged, by John Wilkes, of Milland House, in the county of Sussex, esquire; assisted by eminent scholars of the English Scotch, and Irish, universities, Vol. IV, (1)+(2)+911+(1) pp., 67 pls. [Coluber pls. 47-62]." title="Encyclopaedia Londinensis; or, Universal Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, and Literature. Comprehending, under one general alphabetical arrangement, all the words and substance of every kind of dictionary extant in the English language. [etc.]. Compiled, digested, and arranged, by John Wilkes, of Milland House, in the county of Sussex, esquire; assisted by eminent scholars of the English Scotch, and Irish, universities, Vol. IV, (1) + (2) + 911 + (1) pp., 67 pls. [Coluber pls. 47 - 62]." year="1810">Wilkes (1810)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/vz.71.e64345.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/542385" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Figure 3.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Shaw" authorityYear="1802" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Lycodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lycodon fasciolatus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fasciolatus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Lycodon fasciolatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
comb. nov.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">A.</emphasis>
|
||
Holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Shaw" authorityYear="1802" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coluber fasciolatus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fasciolatus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Coluber fasciolatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Shaw, 1802, as well as holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Daudin" authorityYear="1803" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coluber hebe" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hebe">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Coluber hebe</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Daudin, 1803, "Nooni Paragoodoo" reproduced from
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Russell, P" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Biology" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B301" refString="Russell, P, 1796. An account of Indian serpents, collected on the Coast of Coromandel; containing descriptions and drawings of each species; together with experiments and remarks on their several poisons. George Nicol, London, vii+91 pp., 46 pls." title="An account of Indian serpents, collected on the Coast of Coromandel; containing descriptions and drawings of each species; together with experiments and remarks on their several poisons. George Nicol, London, vii + 91 pp., 46 pls." year="1796">Russell (1796</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, pl. 21),
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">B.</emphasis>
|
||
uncollected live specimen from Rushikulya, Ganjam, Odisha state, India, and
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">C.</emphasis>
|
||
"Nuhni Paragudih oder Russelsche Hofnatter", rearranged sketch from
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Russell, P" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Biology" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B301" refString="Russell, P, 1796. An account of Indian serpents, collected on the Coast of Coromandel; containing descriptions and drawings of each species; together with experiments and remarks on their several poisons. George Nicol, London, vii+91 pp., 46 pls." title="An account of Indian serpents, collected on the Coast of Coromandel; containing descriptions and drawings of each species; together with experiments and remarks on their several poisons. George Nicol, London, vii + 91 pp., 46 pls." year="1796">Russell (1796</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, pl. 21) reproduced by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Bechstein, JM" journalOrPublisher="International Journal of Fauna and Biological Studies" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B36" refString="Bechstein, JM, 1802. Herrn de la Cepede's Naturgeschichte der Amphibien oder der eyerlegenden vierfuessigen Thiere und der Schlangen. Eine Fortsetzung von Buffon's Naturgeschichte. Aus dem Franzoesischen uebersetzt und mit Anmerkungen und Zusaetzen versehen. Vierter Band. Industrie-Comptoir, Weimar, xx+298 pp., 48 pls." title="Herrn de la Cepede's Naturgeschichte der Amphibien oder der eyerlegenden vierfuessigen Thiere und der Schlangen. Eine Fortsetzung von Buffon's Naturgeschichte. Aus dem Franzoesischen uebersetzt und mit Anmerkungen und Zusaetzen versehen. Vierter Band. Industrie-Comptoir, Weimar, xx + 298 pp., 48 pls." year="1802">Bechstein (1802</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, pl. 9, fig. 3).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
On the same basis and almost simultaneously as
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Shaw, G" journalOrPublisher="Newsletter of the Zoological Survey of India" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B336" refString="Shaw, G, 1802. General zoology or systematic natural history. III (II). Amphibia. G. Kearsley, London, vii+(2)+303 pp. [reprinted 1999 by the Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles, Ithaca, New York]." title="General zoology or systematic natural history. III (II). Amphibia. G. Kearsley, London, vii + (2) + 303 pp. [reprinted 1999 by the Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles, Ithaca, New York]." year="1802">Shaw (1802)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="François">Francois</normalizedToken>
|
||
Marie Daudin described
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Daudin" authorityYear="1803" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coluber hebe" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hebe">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Coluber hebe</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in 1803.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Merrem, B" journalOrPublisher="Krieger, Marburg, xv, xv + 191" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B247" refString="Merrem, B, 1820. Versuch eines Systems der Amphibien/ Tentamen Systematis Amphibiorum. J. C. Krieger, Marburg, xv, xv+191" title="Versuch eines Systems der Amphibien / Tentamen Systematis Amphibiorum. J. C." year="1820">Merrem (1820</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 96, footnote a) was the first to recognise the synonymy of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Shaw" authorityYear="1802" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coluber fasciolatus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fasciolatus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Coluber fasciolatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Daudin" authorityYear="1803" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coluber hebe" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hebe">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Coluber hebe</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but he preferred to use
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Daudin’s">Daudin's</normalizedToken>
|
||
younger name as valid and combined it with the generic name
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Natrix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Natrix" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Natrix</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Laurenti, 1768. This synonymy went unnoticed by subsequent authors and while
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Shaw" authorityYear="1802" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coluber fasciolatus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fasciolatus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Coluber fasciolatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
remained in the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coluber" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Coluber</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Daudin’s">Daudin's</normalizedToken>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Daudin" authorityYear="1803" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coluber hebe" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hebe">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Coluber hebe</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was relegated in the newly erected genus
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Lycodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lycodon" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Lycodon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by H.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Boie, H" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B49" refString="Boie, H, 1826. Notice sur l'Erpetologie de l'Ile de Java. Bulletin Sci. Indust. Ferussac (deuxieme section Bull. Sci. Nat. Geol.) 9(2): 233-240 (edited by H. Schlegel)." title="Notice sur l'Erpetologie de l'Ile de Java. Bulletin Sci. Indust. Ferussac (deuxieme section Bull. Sci. Nat. Geol.) 9 (2): 233 - 240 (edited by H. Schlegel)." year="1826">Boie (1826)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. A few years later
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Gray, JE" journalOrPublisher="Lewis, London" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B154" refString="Gray, JE, 1831. A synopsis of the species of the class Reptilia. In: Griffith, E. and Pidgeon, E. (Eds) The animal kingdom arranged in conformity with its organization, by the Baron Cuvier, member of the Institute of France, &c. &c. &c. With additional descriptions of all the species hitherto named, and of many not before noticed. Volume the ninth. The class Reptilia arranged by the Baron Cuvier, with specific descriptions. Whittaker, Treacher, London, 1-110 (Appendix)." title="A synopsis of the species of the class Reptilia. In: Griffith, E. and Pidgeon, E. (Eds) The animal kingdom arranged in conformity with its organization, by the Baron Cuvier, member of the Institute of France, & c. & c. & c. With additional descriptions of all the species hitherto named, and of many not before noticed. Volume the ninth. The class Reptilia arranged by the Baron Cuvier, with specific descriptions. Whittaker, Treacher, London, 1 - 110 (Appendix)." year="1831">Gray (1831)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, and subsequently
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Schlegel, H" journalOrPublisher="Vertebrate Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B312" refString="Schlegel, H, 1837. Essai sur la Physionomie des Serpens. J. Kips, J.Hz. and W.P. Stockum, La Haye, Partie Generale: (3)+(1)+xxviii+251 pp., Partie Descriptive: (1)+606+xv+(1) pp., Atlas: (1)+(1)pp., 21 pls., 3 maps, 2 tables." title="Essai sur la Physionomie des Serpens. J. Kips, J. Hz. and W. P. Stockum, La Haye, Partie Generale: (3) + (1) + xxviii + 251 pp., Partie Descriptive: (1) + 606 + xv + (1) pp., Atlas: (1) + (1) pp., 21 pls., 3 maps, 2 tables." year="1837">Schlegel (1837)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Duméril">Dumeril</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Bibron and
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Duméril">Dumeril</normalizedToken>
|
||
(1854) recognized the conspecificity and continued to use
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Lycodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lycodon" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Lycodon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as the preferred genus. Like Merrem (l.c.),
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Schlegel, H" journalOrPublisher="Vertebrate Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B312" refString="Schlegel, H, 1837. Essai sur la Physionomie des Serpens. J. Kips, J.Hz. and W.P. Stockum, La Haye, Partie Generale: (3)+(1)+xxviii+251 pp., Partie Descriptive: (1)+606+xv+(1) pp., Atlas: (1)+(1)pp., 21 pls., 3 maps, 2 tables." title="Essai sur la Physionomie des Serpens. J. Kips, J. Hz. and W. P. Stockum, La Haye, Partie Generale: (3) + (1) + xxviii + 251 pp., Partie Descriptive: (1) + 606 + xv + (1) pp., Atlas: (1) + (1) pp., 21 pls., 3 maps, 2 tables." year="1837">Schlegel (1837)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
also disregarded the priority of the name
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Shaw" authorityYear="1802" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coluber fasciolatus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fasciolatus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Coluber fasciolatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Shaw and considered specimens from Java to be identical to the taxon described from India by Shaw (l.c.) and Daudin (l. c.). It has to be noted that some subsequent authors erroneously credited the name
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Daudin" authorityYear="1803" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coluber hebe" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hebe">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Coluber hebe</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to Schlegel (e.g.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Filippi, F de" journalOrPublisher="PloS One" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B128" refString="Filippi, F de, 1840. Catalogo ragionato e descrittivo della Raccolta de' Serpenti del Museo dell' I. R. Universita di Pavia. Biblioteca Italiana 99: 163-187+306-343 [reissued 1840 as authors reprint, 65 pp.]." title="Catalogo ragionato e descrittivo della Raccolta de' Serpenti del Museo dell' I. R. Universita di Pavia. Biblioteca Italiana 99: 163 - 187 + 306 - 343 [reissued 1840 as authors reprint, 65 pp.]." year="1840">Filippi 1840</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Burmeister, H" journalOrPublisher="Henri Basuyau & Cie, Toulouse" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B54" refString="Burmeister, H, 1850. Verzeichnis der im zoologischen Museum der Universitaet Halle-Wittenberg aufgestellten Saeugethiere, Voegel und Amphibien. Zoologisches Museum Halle, 84 pp." title="Verzeichnis der im zoologischen Museum der Universitaet Halle-Wittenberg aufgestellten Saeugethiere, Voegel und Amphibien. Zoologisches Museum Halle, 84 pp." year="1850">Burmeister 1850</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Guenther, A [CLG]" journalOrPublisher="A. R. G. Gantner K. G., Ruggell" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B162" refString="Guenther, A[CLG], 1861. List of the cold-blooded vertebrata collected by B. H. Hodgson, Esq., in Nepal. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London [1861]: 213-227." title="List of the cold-blooded vertebrata collected by B. H. Hodgson, Esq., in Nepal. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London [1861]: 213 - 227." year="1861">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Günther">Guenther</normalizedToken>
|
||
1861
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Mason, F" journalOrPublisher="IRCF Reptiles & Amphibians" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B243" refString="Mason, F, 1861. Burmah, its people and natural productions or notes on the nations, fauna, flora, and minerals of Tenasserim, Pegu and Burmah, with systematic catalogues of the known mammals, birds, fish, reptiles, insects, mollusks, crustaceans, annalids, radiates, plants and minerals, with vernacular names. Trubner & Co., London, [1860], xvii+913 pp. [second edition]" title="Burmah, its people and natural productions or notes on the nations, fauna, flora, and minerals of Tenasserim, Pegu and Burmah, with systematic catalogues of the known mammals, birds, fish, reptiles, insects, mollusks, crustaceans, annalids, radiates, plants and minerals, with vernacular names. Trubner & Co., London, [1860], xvii + 913 pp. [second edition]" year="1861">Mason 1861</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Gray, JE" journalOrPublisher="Lewis, London" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B156" refString="Gray, JE, 1863. Catalogue of the specimens and drawings of mammals, birds, reptiles and fishes of Nepal and Tibet, presented by B. H. Hodgson, ESQ., to the British Museum. British Museum (Nat. Hist.), London, second edition, xii+90 pp." title="Catalogue of the specimens and drawings of mammals, birds, reptiles and fishes of Nepal and Tibet, presented by B. H. Hodgson, ESQ., to the British Museum. British Museum (Nat. Hist.), London, second edition, xii + 90 pp." year="1863">Gray 1863</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Steindachner, F" journalOrPublisher="Kaiserlich-Koenigliche Hof- und Staatsdruckerei, Wien" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B356" refString="Steindachner, F, 1867. Reise der Oesterreichischen Fregatte Novara um die Erde in den Jahren 1857, 1858, 1859 unter den Befehlen des Commodore B. von Wuellersdorf-Urbair. Zoologischer Theil. Erster Band. Reptilien. Kaiserlich-Koenigliche Hof- und Staatsdruckerei, Wien" title="Reise der Oesterreichischen Fregatte Novara um die Erde in den Jahren 1857, 1858, 1859 unter den Befehlen des Commodore B. von Wuellersdorf-Urbair. Zoologischer Theil. Erster Band. Reptilien." year="1867">Steindachner 1867</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Mueller, F" journalOrPublisher="Herpetological Review" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B254" refString="Mueller, F, 1878. Katalog der im Museum und Universitaetskabinett zu Basel aufgestellten Amphibien und Reptilien nebst Anmerkungen. Verhandelungen der naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Basel 6(4): 561-709, pl. 1-3." title="Katalog der im Museum und Universitaetskabinett zu Basel aufgestellten Amphibien und Reptilien nebst Anmerkungen. Verhandelungen der naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Basel 6 (4): 561 - 709, pl. 1 - 3." year="1878">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Müller">Mueller</normalizedToken>
|
||
1878
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Boulenger, G" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B51" refString="Boulenger, G, 1893. Catalogue of the snakes in the British Museum (Natural History). Volume 1. British Museum (Nat. Hist.), London, xiii+448 pp., pl. i-xxviii." title="Catalogue of the snakes in the British Museum (Natural History). Volume 1. British Museum (Nat. Hist.), London, xiii + 448 pp., pl. i-xxviii." year="1893">Boulenger 1893</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1201/b16901" author="Wallach, V" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B396" refString="Wallach, V, Williams, KL, Boundy, J, 2014. Snakes of the World. A catalogue of living and extinct species. CRC Press, Taylor & Francis, Boca Raton, xxvii+1227 pp. https://doi.org/10.1201/b16901" title="Snakes of the World. A catalogue of living and extinct species. CRC Press, Taylor & Francis, Boca Raton, xxvii + 1227 pp." url="https://doi.org/10.1201/b16901" year="2014">Wallach et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) or Boie (e.g.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Fitzinger, L [J]" journalOrPublisher="PloS One" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B130" refString="Fitzinger, L [J], 1843. Systema Reptilius. Fasciculus Primus Amblyglossae. Vindobonae [Vienna], Braumueller et Seidel, 106+vi+3 pp. [reprinted 1973 by the Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles, Oxford, Ohio]." title="Systema Reptilius. Fasciculus Primus Amblyglossae. Vindobonae [Vienna], Braumueller et Seidel, 106 + vi + 3 pp. [reprinted 1973 by the Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles, Oxford, Ohio]." year="1843">Fitzinger 1843</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Hoeven, J van der" journalOrPublisher="Arannayk Foundation, Dhaka" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B171" refString="Hoeven, J van der, 1856. Handbuch der Zoologie. Zweiter Band (Wirbelthiere). Leopold Voss, Leipzig, x+817+(3) pp., 6 pls." title="Handbuch der Zoologie. Zweiter Band (Wirbelthiere). Leopold Voss, Leipzig, x + 817 + (3) pp., 6 pls." year="1856">Hoeven 1856</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The confusion was further increased by the synonymization of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Daudin" authorityYear="1803" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coluber hebe" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hebe">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Coluber hebe</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Daudin with
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coluber aulicus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aulicus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Coluber aulicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Linnaeus, 1758 and
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Boie" baseAuthorityYear="1827" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Lycodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lycodon capucinus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="capucinus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Lycodon capucinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Boie, H. in Boie, F., 1827 by
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Duméril">Dumeril</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Bibron and
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Duméril">Dumeril</normalizedToken>
|
||
(l.c.), two morphologically almost indistinguishable species with the same lepidosis and variable colour and pattern (see
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="O'Shea, M" journalOrPublisher="IRCF Reptiles & Amphibians" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="70 - 84" refId="B266" refString="O'Shea, M, Kusuma, KI, Kaiser, H, 2018. First record of the Island Wolfsnake Lycodon capucinus (H. Boie in F. Boie 1827), from New Guinea, with comments on its widespread distribution and confused taxonomy, and a new record for the Common Sun Skink, Eutropis multifasciata (Kuhl 1820). IRCF Reptiles & Amphibians 25 (1): 70 - 84" title="First record of the Island Wolfsnake Lycodon capucinus (H. Boie in F. Boie 1827), from New Guinea, with comments on its widespread distribution and confused taxonomy, and a new record for the Common Sun Skink, Eutropis multifasciata (Kuhl 1820)." volume="25" year="2018">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="O’Shea">O'Shea</normalizedToken>
|
||
et al. 2018
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
In his "Catalogue of Colubrine snakes [
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="…">...</normalizedToken>
|
||
] of the British Museum"
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Guenther, A [CLG]" journalOrPublisher="A. R. G. Gantner K. G., Ruggell" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B160" refString="Guenther, A[CLG], 1858. Catalogue of colubrine snakes in the collection of the British Museum. Printed by order of the Trustees, London, xvi+281 pp. [reprinted 1971 by Alden Press, Oxford]." title="Catalogue of colubrine snakes in the collection of the British Museum. Printed by order of the Trustees, London, xvi + 281 pp. [reprinted 1971 by Alden Press, Oxford]." year="1858">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Günther">Guenther</normalizedToken>
|
||
(1858
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 203) listed a "Var. F." under the synonymy of
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Lycodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lycodon aulicus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aulicus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Lycodon aulicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
without voucher specimens. This refers to
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Russell’s">Russell's</normalizedToken>
|
||
(1769, p. 34-35, pl. 29) account on a "
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coluber" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Coluber</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
" ("Patza Tutta") from
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="“Casemcottah”">"Casemcottah"</normalizedToken>
|
||
which is undoubtedly a specimen of what is commonly regarded as a "Banded racer" today, but not a
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Lycodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lycodon" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Lycodon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(wolfsnake). With his comment "belongs perhaps to
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Duméril & Bibron, 1854" authorityName="Duméril & Bibron" authorityYear="1854" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coryphodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coryphodon fasciolatus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fasciolatus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Coryphodon fasciolatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
" [=
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Shaw" authorityYear="1802" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coluber fasciolatus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fasciolatus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Coluber fasciolatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Shaw] he justified the confusion of two valid colubrid taxa, which continues today. In 1864 (p. 316)
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Günther">Guenther</normalizedToken>
|
||
noted: "The synonymy [of
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Lycodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lycodon aulicus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aulicus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Lycodon aulicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
] in all preceding herpetological works is confused -
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="C." lsidName="C. striatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="striatus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">C. striatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="C." lsidName="C. malignus" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="malignus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">C. malignus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="C." lsidName="C. hebe" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="hebe">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">C. hebe</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="C." lsidName="C. fasciolatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="fasciolatus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">C. fasciolatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and probably
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="C." lsidName="C. capucinus" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="capucinus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">C. capucinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
belonging to other species". He ignored the previous generic allocation to
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Lycodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lycodon" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Lycodon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, excluded the aforementioned taxa from the synonymy of
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="L." lsidName="L. aulicus" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="aulicus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">L. aulicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, relegated
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Shaw" authorityYear="1802" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coluber fasciolatus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fasciolatus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Coluber fasciolatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Shaw, and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Daudin" authorityYear="1803" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coluber hebe" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hebe">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Coluber hebe</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Daudin together with the simultaneously synonymized
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Cantor" authorityYear="1839" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coluber curvirostris" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="curvirostris">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Coluber curvirostris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Cantor, 1839 to the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Wagler" authorityYear="1830" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Zamenis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zamenis" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Zamenis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Wagler, 1830, and created a conglomerate of unrelated taxa of racers and wolfsnakes. From that point on, authorities used the name
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Shaw" authorityYear="1802" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coluber fasciolatus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fasciolatus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Coluber fasciolatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in combination with different genera as the scientific name for the Banded racer whereas
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="C." lsidName="C. hebe" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="hebe">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">C. hebe</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
together with
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="C." lsidName="C. curvirostris" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="curvirostris">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">C. curvirostris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were treated as junior synonyms (e.g.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Theobald, W" journalOrPublisher="Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B367" refString="Theobald, W, 1876. Descriptive Catalogue of the Reptiles of British India. Thacker, Spink and Co., Calcutta, 1-238, i-xxxviii, Appendix i-viii, 6 pls." title="Descriptive Catalogue of the Reptiles of British India. Thacker, Spink and Co., Calcutta, 1 - 238, i-xxxviii, Appendix i-viii, 6 pls." year="1876">Theobald 1876</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Boulenger, G" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B50" refString="Boulenger, G, 1890. The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Reptilia and Batrachia. Taylor & Francis, London, xviii+541 pp." title="The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Reptilia and Batrachia. Taylor & Francis, London, xviii + 541 pp." year="1890">Boulenger 1890</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Boulenger, G" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B51" refString="Boulenger, G, 1893. Catalogue of the snakes in the British Museum (Natural History). Volume 1. British Museum (Nat. Hist.), London, xiii+448 pp., pl. i-xxviii." title="Catalogue of the snakes in the British Museum (Natural History). Volume 1. British Museum (Nat. Hist.), London, xiii + 448 pp., pl. i-xxviii." year="1893">1893</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Wall, F" journalOrPublisher="Cottle, Government Printer, Colombo" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B394" refString="Wall, F, 1921. Ophidia Taprobanica or the snakes of Ceylon. H. R. Cottle, Government Printer, Colombo" title="Ophidia Taprobanica or the snakes of Ceylon. H. R." year="1921">Wall 1921</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Smith, MA" journalOrPublisher="Chromosoma" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B347" refString="Smith, MA, 1943. Fauna of British India, Ceylon and Burma, including the whole of the Indo-Chinese Sub-Region. Reptilia and Amphibia. Vol. III-Serpentes. Taylor and Francis Ltd., London, xii+583 pp. [reprinted 1961 by Survey of India Press, Dehra Dun and 1981 by Today and Tomorrow's Printers & Publishers, New Delhi]." title="Fauna of British India, Ceylon and Burma, including the whole of the Indo-Chinese Sub-Region. Reptilia and Amphibia. Vol. III-Serpentes. Taylor and Francis Ltd., London, xii + 583 pp. [reprinted 1961 by Survey of India Press, Dehra Dun and 1981 by Today and Tomorrow's Printers & Publishers, New Delhi]." year="1943">Smith 1943</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1201/b16901" author="Wallach, V" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B396" refString="Wallach, V, Williams, KL, Boundy, J, 2014. Snakes of the World. A catalogue of living and extinct species. CRC Press, Taylor & Francis, Boca Raton, xxvii+1227 pp. https://doi.org/10.1201/b16901" title="Snakes of the World. A catalogue of living and extinct species. CRC Press, Taylor & Francis, Boca Raton, xxvii + 1227 pp." url="https://doi.org/10.1201/b16901" year="2014">Wallach et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Bauer, AM" journalOrPublisher="Tulane Studies in Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B31" refString="Bauer, AM, 2015. Patrick Russell's snakes and their role as type specimens. Hamadryad 37(1&2): 18-65." title="Patrick Russell's snakes and their role as type specimens. Hamadryad 37 (1 & 2): 18 - 65." year="2015">Bauer 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Uetz, P" journalOrPublisher="Kataloge der wissenschaftlichen Sammlungen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien, 4 (Vertebrata 2). Naturhistorisches Museum Wien" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" publicationUrl="http://www.reptile-database.org" refId="B372" refString="Uetz, P, Freed, P, Hosek, J, 2019. (2019) The Reptile Database. http://www.reptile-database.org" title="(2019) The Reptile Database." url="http://www.reptile-database.org" year="2019">Uetz et al. 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). At the same time,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Russell’s">Russell's</normalizedToken>
|
||
"Nooni Paragoodoo" and
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="C." lsidName="C. hebe" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="hebe">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">C. hebe</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were also recognized as synonyms of
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Lycodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lycodon aulicus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aulicus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Lycodon aulicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
or
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="L." lsidName="L. capucinus" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="capucinus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">L. capucinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(e.g.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Boulenger, G" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B51" refString="Boulenger, G, 1893. Catalogue of the snakes in the British Museum (Natural History). Volume 1. British Museum (Nat. Hist.), London, xiii+448 pp., pl. i-xxviii." title="Catalogue of the snakes in the British Museum (Natural History). Volume 1. British Museum (Nat. Hist.), London, xiii + 448 pp., pl. i-xxviii." year="1893">Boulenger 1893</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Wall, F" journalOrPublisher="Cottle, Government Printer, Colombo" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B394" refString="Wall, F, 1921. Ophidia Taprobanica or the snakes of Ceylon. H. R. Cottle, Government Printer, Colombo" title="Ophidia Taprobanica or the snakes of Ceylon. H. R." year="1921">Wall 1921</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Iskandar, D" journalOrPublisher="World Journal of Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B186" refString="Iskandar, D, Colijn, E, 2002. A checklist of Southeast Asian and New Guinean reptiles. Part I: Serpentes. Department of Biology, Institute of Technology, Bandung, (1)+(1)+195 pp." title="A checklist of Southeast Asian and New Guinean reptiles. Part I: Serpentes. Department of Biology, Institute of Technology, Bandung, (1) + (1) + 195 pp." year="2002">Iskandar and Colijn 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1201/b16901" author="Wallach, V" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B396" refString="Wallach, V, Williams, KL, Boundy, J, 2014. Snakes of the World. A catalogue of living and extinct species. CRC Press, Taylor & Francis, Boca Raton, xxvii+1227 pp. https://doi.org/10.1201/b16901" title="Snakes of the World. A catalogue of living and extinct species. CRC Press, Taylor & Francis, Boca Raton, xxvii + 1227 pp." url="https://doi.org/10.1201/b16901" year="2014">Wallach et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Uetz, P" journalOrPublisher="Kataloge der wissenschaftlichen Sammlungen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien, 4 (Vertebrata 2). Naturhistorisches Museum Wien" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" publicationUrl="http://www.reptile-database.org" refId="B372" refString="Uetz, P, Freed, P, Hosek, J, 2019. (2019) The Reptile Database. http://www.reptile-database.org" title="(2019) The Reptile Database." url="http://www.reptile-database.org" year="2019">Uetz et al. 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Smith, MA" journalOrPublisher="Chromosoma" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B347" refString="Smith, MA, 1943. Fauna of British India, Ceylon and Burma, including the whole of the Indo-Chinese Sub-Region. Reptilia and Amphibia. Vol. III-Serpentes. Taylor and Francis Ltd., London, xii+583 pp. [reprinted 1961 by Survey of India Press, Dehra Dun and 1981 by Today and Tomorrow's Printers & Publishers, New Delhi]." title="Fauna of British India, Ceylon and Burma, including the whole of the Indo-Chinese Sub-Region. Reptilia and Amphibia. Vol. III-Serpentes. Taylor and Francis Ltd., London, xii + 583 pp. [reprinted 1961 by Survey of India Press, Dehra Dun and 1981 by Today and Tomorrow's Printers & Publishers, New Delhi]." year="1943">Smith (1943</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 531-532) studied the sketches in
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Russell, P" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Biology" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B301" refString="Russell, P, 1796. An account of Indian serpents, collected on the Coast of Coromandel; containing descriptions and drawings of each species; together with experiments and remarks on their several poisons. George Nicol, London, vii+91 pp., 46 pls." title="An account of Indian serpents, collected on the Coast of Coromandel; containing descriptions and drawings of each species; together with experiments and remarks on their several poisons. George Nicol, London, vii + 91 pp., 46 pls." year="1796">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Russell’s">Russell's</normalizedToken>
|
||
(1796)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
'Indian
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Serpents’">Serpents'</normalizedToken>
|
||
and identified the specimens depicted on plate 21 "Nooni Paragoodoo" together with that on plate 29 "Patza Tutta" as
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Shaw" authorityYear="1802" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coluber fasciolatus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fasciolatus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Coluber fasciolatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and continued to confuse the two different taxa. Further misidentifications are done in the list of determinations made from the Thomas Hardwicke collection of water-colour sketches deposited in the Zoological Library of the Natural History Museum, London, where he determined that four snakes depicted in sketch 55 and 61-63 were examples of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Shaw" authorityYear="1802" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coluber fasciolatus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fasciolatus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Coluber fasciolatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Smith, MA" journalOrPublisher="Chromosoma" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B347" refString="Smith, MA, 1943. Fauna of British India, Ceylon and Burma, including the whole of the Indo-Chinese Sub-Region. Reptilia and Amphibia. Vol. III-Serpentes. Taylor and Francis Ltd., London, xii+583 pp. [reprinted 1961 by Survey of India Press, Dehra Dun and 1981 by Today and Tomorrow's Printers & Publishers, New Delhi]." title="Fauna of British India, Ceylon and Burma, including the whole of the Indo-Chinese Sub-Region. Reptilia and Amphibia. Vol. III-Serpentes. Taylor and Francis Ltd., London, xii + 583 pp. [reprinted 1961 by Survey of India Press, Dehra Dun and 1981 by Today and Tomorrow's Printers & Publishers, New Delhi]." year="1943">Smith 1943</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 529). In contrast, our re-examination of the illustrations revealed that sketch no. 55 depicts a wolfsnake,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Lycodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lycodon" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Lycodon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp., and no. 61 a Common ratsnake,
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Ptyas" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ptyas mucosa" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mucosa">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Ptyas mucosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and only sketch 62 and 63 illustrates a Banded racer (see Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Platyceps plinii comb. nov. Previously unpublished original colour-painting from the Thomas Hardwicke collection of sketches (Volume II, sketch 63) kept in the Zoological Library of the Natural History Museum, London, U. K. (see also Smith 1943, p. 529). Reproduced with permission from the Natural History Museum, London, U. K." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.71.e64345.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/542390" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">8</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
It is also to be noted that from the initial confusion caused by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Guenther, A [CLG]" journalOrPublisher="A. R. G. Gantner K. G., Ruggell" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B164" refString="Guenther, A[CLG], 1864. The reptiles of British India. R. Hardwicke [Ray Society], London, xxvii+452 pp. [reprinted 198? by Oxford & IBH Publ., New Delhi]." title="The reptiles of British India. R. Hardwicke [Ray Society], London, xxvii + 452 pp. [reprinted 198? by Oxford & IBH Publ., New Delhi]." year="1864">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Günther">Guenther</normalizedToken>
|
||
(1864)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, the original scalation data of
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Shaw’s">Shaw's</normalizedToken>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Shaw" authorityYear="1802" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coluber fasciolatus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fasciolatus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Coluber fasciolatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(192 ventrals and 62 subcaudals) were no longer considered representative of the scalation variation in the Banded racer. Not a single subsequent author, even when citing the original source, has included the values of the "Nooni Paragoodoo" in their variation of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Shaw" authorityYear="1802" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coluber fasciolatus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fasciolatus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Coluber fasciolatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; not even
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Wilson, LD" journalOrPublisher="Spolia Zeylanica" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B414" refString="Wilson, LD, 1967. Generic reallocation and review of Coluber fasciolatus Shaw (Serpentes: Colubridae). Herpetologica 23(4): 260-275." title="Generic reallocation and review of Coluber fasciolatus Shaw (Serpentes: Colubridae). Herpetologica 23 (4): 260 - 275." year="1967">Wilson (1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
in his revision discusses the very low number of 62 subcaudals recorded for the type specimen.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Bauer, AM" journalOrPublisher="Tulane Studies in Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B32" refString="Bauer, AM, Vogel, G, Campbell, PD, 2015. A preliminary consideration of the dry snakes skin specimens of Patrick Russell. Hamadryad 37(1&2): 73-84." title="A preliminary consideration of the dry snakes skin specimens of Patrick Russell. Hamadryad 37 (1 & 2): 73 - 84." year="2015">Bauer et al. (2015)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
investigated two collections of dried snake skins housed in the Natural History Museum, London. The first collection arrived in 1837, the second in 1904 and are preliminarily attributed to Patrick Russell (see also
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Campbell, PD" journalOrPublisher="Henri Basuyau & Cie, Toulouse" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B55" refString="Campbell, PD, 2015. The acquisition of Dr. Patrick Russell's snake skin collections. Hamandryad 37(1&2): 66-72." title="The acquisition of Dr. Patrick Russell's snake skin collections. Hamandryad 37 (1 & 2): 66 - 72." year="2015">Campbell 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The skins are attached to paper and in addition to their inventory numbers, for some specimens, handwritten notes are added which refer to
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Russell’s">Russell's</normalizedToken>
|
||
books of 'Indian
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Serpents’">Serpents'</normalizedToken>
|
||
(see Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Lycodon fasciolatus comb. nov. Previously unpublished extract from a paper sheet with glued specimens from the 1904 collection of dried snake skins preliminarily attributed to Patrick Russell showing a specimen of the " Nooni Paragoodoo " kept in the herpetological collection of the Natural History Museum, London, U. K. (BMNH 1904.7.27.93)." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.71.e64345.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/542386" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">4</figureCitation>
|
||
). It is remarkable that all specimens from the 1904 collection labelled with the vernacular name "Nooni Paragoodoo" have been identified as
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Lycodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lycodon aulicus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aulicus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Lycodon aulicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Bauer, AM" journalOrPublisher="Tulane Studies in Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B32" refString="Bauer, AM, Vogel, G, Campbell, PD, 2015. A preliminary consideration of the dry snakes skin specimens of Patrick Russell. Hamadryad 37(1&2): 73-84." title="A preliminary consideration of the dry snakes skin specimens of Patrick Russell. Hamadryad 37 (1 & 2): 73 - 84." year="2015">Bauer et al. (2015)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Our reexamination of the
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Lycodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lycodon" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Lycodon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
specimens amongst
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Russell’s">Russell's</normalizedToken>
|
||
dried skin collections (including BMNH 1837.9.26.50-52; BMNH 1904.7.27.34, 43, 48, 52, 55, 72, 89 and 93) revealed that none of these specimens qualifies as the holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Shaw" authorityYear="1802" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coluber fasciolatus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fasciolatus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Coluber fasciolatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, as the measured lengths of these skins (ranging from 37 to 55 cm) are well below the 2 feet [60.96 cm] length reported by Russell for his "Nooni Paragoodoo".
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/vz.71.e64345.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/542386" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" start="Figure 4" startId="F4">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Figure 4.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Shaw" authorityYear="1802" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Lycodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lycodon fasciolatus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fasciolatus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Lycodon fasciolatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
comb. nov. Previously unpublished extract from a paper sheet with glued specimens from the 1904 collection of dried snake skins preliminarily attributed to Patrick Russell showing a specimen of the "Nooni Paragoodoo" kept in the herpetological collection of the Natural History Museum, London, U.K. (BMNH 1904.7.27.93).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
In this work, we clarify the identity of
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="C." lsidName="C. fasciolatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="fasciolatus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">C. fasciolatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, by analysing
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Russell, P" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Biology" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B301" refString="Russell, P, 1796. An account of Indian serpents, collected on the Coast of Coromandel; containing descriptions and drawings of each species; together with experiments and remarks on their several poisons. George Nicol, London, vii+91 pp., 46 pls." title="An account of Indian serpents, collected on the Coast of Coromandel; containing descriptions and drawings of each species; together with experiments and remarks on their several poisons. George Nicol, London, vii + 91 pp., 46 pls." year="1796">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Russell’s">Russell's</normalizedToken>
|
||
(1796)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
original data and comparing it with specimens from various museums, data and photographs from the authors and literature concerning Indian snakes (e.g.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Guenther, A [CLG]" journalOrPublisher="A. R. G. Gantner K. G., Ruggell" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B164" refString="Guenther, A[CLG], 1864. The reptiles of British India. R. Hardwicke [Ray Society], London, xxvii+452 pp. [reprinted 198? by Oxford & IBH Publ., New Delhi]." title="The reptiles of British India. R. Hardwicke [Ray Society], London, xxvii + 452 pp. [reprinted 198? by Oxford & IBH Publ., New Delhi]." year="1864">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Günther">Guenther</normalizedToken>
|
||
1864
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Boulenger, G" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B50" refString="Boulenger, G, 1890. The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Reptilia and Batrachia. Taylor & Francis, London, xviii+541 pp." title="The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Reptilia and Batrachia. Taylor & Francis, London, xviii + 541 pp." year="1890">Boulenger 1890</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Smith, MA" journalOrPublisher="Chromosoma" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B347" refString="Smith, MA, 1943. Fauna of British India, Ceylon and Burma, including the whole of the Indo-Chinese Sub-Region. Reptilia and Amphibia. Vol. III-Serpentes. Taylor and Francis Ltd., London, xii+583 pp. [reprinted 1961 by Survey of India Press, Dehra Dun and 1981 by Today and Tomorrow's Printers & Publishers, New Delhi]." title="Fauna of British India, Ceylon and Burma, including the whole of the Indo-Chinese Sub-Region. Reptilia and Amphibia. Vol. III-Serpentes. Taylor and Francis Ltd., London, xii + 583 pp. [reprinted 1961 by Survey of India Press, Dehra Dun and 1981 by Today and Tomorrow's Printers & Publishers, New Delhi]." year="1943">Smith 1943</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Whitaker, R" journalOrPublisher="National Book Trust, India, New Delhi" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B409" refString="Whitaker, R, Captain, A, 2004. Snakes of India. The field guide. Draco Books, Chennai, xiv+480 pp. [abridged version in Tamil published in 2006]." title="Snakes of India. The field guide. Draco Books, Chennai, xiv + 480 pp. [abridged version in Tamil published in 2006]." year="2004">Whitaker and Captain 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). We conclude that, in contrast to earlier determinations (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Guenther, A [CLG]" journalOrPublisher="A. R. G. Gantner K. G., Ruggell" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B164" refString="Guenther, A[CLG], 1864. The reptiles of British India. R. Hardwicke [Ray Society], London, xxvii+452 pp. [reprinted 198? by Oxford & IBH Publ., New Delhi]." title="The reptiles of British India. R. Hardwicke [Ray Society], London, xxvii + 452 pp. [reprinted 198? by Oxford & IBH Publ., New Delhi]." year="1864">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Günther">Guenther</normalizedToken>
|
||
1864
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Boulenger, G" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B50" refString="Boulenger, G, 1890. The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Reptilia and Batrachia. Taylor & Francis, London, xviii+541 pp." title="The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Reptilia and Batrachia. Taylor & Francis, London, xviii + 541 pp." year="1890">Boulenger 1890</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Boulenger, G" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B51" refString="Boulenger, G, 1893. Catalogue of the snakes in the British Museum (Natural History). Volume 1. British Museum (Nat. Hist.), London, xiii+448 pp., pl. i-xxviii." title="Catalogue of the snakes in the British Museum (Natural History). Volume 1. British Museum (Nat. Hist.), London, xiii + 448 pp., pl. i-xxviii." year="1893">1893</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Smith, MA" journalOrPublisher="Chromosoma" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B347" refString="Smith, MA, 1943. Fauna of British India, Ceylon and Burma, including the whole of the Indo-Chinese Sub-Region. Reptilia and Amphibia. Vol. III-Serpentes. Taylor and Francis Ltd., London, xii+583 pp. [reprinted 1961 by Survey of India Press, Dehra Dun and 1981 by Today and Tomorrow's Printers & Publishers, New Delhi]." title="Fauna of British India, Ceylon and Burma, including the whole of the Indo-Chinese Sub-Region. Reptilia and Amphibia. Vol. III-Serpentes. Taylor and Francis Ltd., London, xii + 583 pp. [reprinted 1961 by Survey of India Press, Dehra Dun and 1981 by Today and Tomorrow's Printers & Publishers, New Delhi]." year="1943">Smith 1943</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, to name a few authorities only),
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Russell’s">Russell's</normalizedToken>
|
||
"Nooni Paragoodoo" and therefore
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Shaw" authorityYear="1802" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coluber fasciolatus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fasciolatus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Coluber fasciolatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Shaw (incl.
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="C." lsidName="C. hebe" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="hebe">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">C. hebe</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Daudin) is not a racer but a wolfsnake of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Lycodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lycodon" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Lycodon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Wall, F." journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B393" refString="Wall, F., 1914. A popular treatise on the common Indian snakes, Part xxii. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 23(1): 34-43, pl. 22." title="A popular treatise on the common Indian snakes, Part xxii. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 23 (1): 34 - 43, pl. 22." year="1914">Wall (1914</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 34) explained the meaning of the vernacular name "Nooni Paragoodoo" as:
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="‘Nooni’">'Nooni'</normalizedToken>
|
||
= oil in Telugu language and
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="‘Paragoodoo’">'Paragoodoo'</normalizedToken>
|
||
stands for a runner or glistening, concerning the smooth and polished character of the scales in the snake. The extraordinary glossy character of dorsal scalation is well known for
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Lycodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lycodon" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Lycodon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
To determine the species affiliation we carefully compared
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Russell’s">Russell's</normalizedToken>
|
||
description and the sketch on plate 21 with published data of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Lycodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lycodon" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Lycodon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species from southern and eastern India (Table
|
||
<tableCitation captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Comparison of available characters for the type specimen of C. faciolatus Shaw with other Lycodon species from South and East India. Species from India formerly allocated to the genera Dryocalamus and Dinodon are ignored. Data sourced from Russell (1796), Shaw (1802), Whitaker and Captain (2004), Mukherjee and Bhupathy (2007), Purkayastha (2013), Ganesh and Vogel (2018), Vogel and David (2019), Ganesh et al. (2020, in part), and Kalki et al. (2020). We did not include the character " Supraocular-prefrontal-contact " as used by Ganesh and Vogel (2018) for delimiting Lycodon anamallensis from L. aulicus because it is a consequence of the condition " Preocular-frontal-contact "." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/5EE18A4BE12CC4B04CDB282BFAED7C12" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" tableUuid="5EE18A4BE12CC4B04CDB282BFAED7C12">1</tableCitation>
|
||
). In terms of the combination of pholidosis, colouration and pattern,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Russell’s">Russell's</normalizedToken>
|
||
specimens are generally comparable to a short banded morphotype of the Common Indian wolfsnake,
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Lycodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lycodon aulicus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aulicus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Lycodon aulicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, a widespread species in the Indian subcontinent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption ID-Table-UUID="5EE18A4BE12CC4B04CDB282BFAED7C12" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/5EE18A4BE12CC4B04CDB282BFAED7C12" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" start="Table 1" startId="T1">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Table 1.</emphasis>
|
||
Comparison of available characters for the type specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="C." lsidName="C. faciolatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="faciolatus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">C. faciolatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Shaw with other
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Lycodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lycodon" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Lycodon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species from South and East India. Species from India formerly allocated to the genera
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1858" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Dryocalamus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dryocalamus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Dryocalamus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" family="Colubridae" genus="Dinodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dinodon" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Dinodon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are ignored. Data sourced from
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Russell, P" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Biology" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B301" refString="Russell, P, 1796. An account of Indian serpents, collected on the Coast of Coromandel; containing descriptions and drawings of each species; together with experiments and remarks on their several poisons. George Nicol, London, vii+91 pp., 46 pls." title="An account of Indian serpents, collected on the Coast of Coromandel; containing descriptions and drawings of each species; together with experiments and remarks on their several poisons. George Nicol, London, vii + 91 pp., 46 pls." year="1796">Russell (1796)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Shaw, G" journalOrPublisher="Newsletter of the Zoological Survey of India" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B336" refString="Shaw, G, 1802. General zoology or systematic natural history. III (II). Amphibia. G. Kearsley, London, vii+(2)+303 pp. [reprinted 1999 by the Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles, Ithaca, New York]." title="General zoology or systematic natural history. III (II). Amphibia. G. Kearsley, London, vii + (2) + 303 pp. [reprinted 1999 by the Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles, Ithaca, New York]." year="1802">Shaw (1802)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Whitaker, R" journalOrPublisher="National Book Trust, India, New Delhi" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B409" refString="Whitaker, R, Captain, A, 2004. Snakes of India. The field guide. Draco Books, Chennai, xiv+480 pp. [abridged version in Tamil published in 2006]." title="Snakes of India. The field guide. Draco Books, Chennai, xiv + 480 pp. [abridged version in Tamil published in 2006]." year="2004">Whitaker and Captain (2004)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.30906/1026-2296-2007-14-1-21-26" author="Mukherjee, D" journalOrPublisher="Russian Journal of Herpetology" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="21 - 26" refId="B256" refString="Mukherjee, D, Bhupathy, S, 2007. A new species of Wolf Snake (Serpentes: Colubridae: Lycodon) from Anaikatti Hills, Western Ghats, Tamil Nadu, India. Russian Journal of Herpetology 14 (1): 21 - 26, DOI: https://doi.org/10.30906/1026-2296-2007-14-1-21-26" title="A new species of Wolf Snake (Serpentes: Colubridae: Lycodon) from Anaikatti Hills, Western Ghats, Tamil Nadu, India." url="https://doi.org/10.30906/1026-2296-2007-14-1-21-26" volume="14" year="2007">Mukherjee and Bhupathy (2007)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Purkayastha, J" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B290" refString="Purkayastha, J, 2013. An amateur's guide to reptiles of Assam. EBH Publishers, Guwahati, (9)+146 pp." title="An amateur's guide to reptiles of Assam. EBH Publishers, Guwahati, (9) + 146 pp." year="2013">Purkayastha (2013)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Ganesh, SR" journalOrPublisher="Bonn zoological Bulletin" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="26 - 36" refId="B138" refString="Ganesh, SR, Vogel, G, 2018. Taxonomic reassessment of the Common Indian Wolf Snake Lycodon aulicus (Linnaeus, 1758) complex (Squamata: Serpentes: Colubridae). Bonn zoological Bulletin 67 (1): 26 - 36" title="Taxonomic reassessment of the Common Indian Wolf Snake Lycodon aulicus (Linnaeus, 1758) complex (Squamata: Serpentes: Colubridae)." volume="67" year="2018">Ganesh and Vogel (2018)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4577.3.6" author="Vogel, G" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="515 - 528" refId="B377" refString="Vogel, G, David, P, 2019. A new species of the Lycodon fasciatus complex from the Khorat Plateau, eastern Thailand (Reptiles, Squamata, Colubridae). Zootaxa 4577 (3): 515 - 528, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4577.3.6" title="A new species of the Lycodon fasciatus complex from the Khorat Plateau, eastern Thailand (Reptiles, Squamata, Colubridae)." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4577.3.6" volume="4577" year="2019">Vogel and David (2019)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Ganesh, SR" journalOrPublisher="Amphibian & Reptilie Conservation [Taxonomy Section]" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="74 - 83" refId="B140" refString="Ganesh, SR, Deuti, K, Punith, KG, Achyuthan, NS, Mallik, AK, Adhikari, O, Vogel, G, 2020. A new species of Lycodon (Serpentes: Colubridae) from the Deccan Plateau on India, with notes on the range of Lycodon travancoricus (Beddome, 1870) and a revised key to peninsular Indian forms. Amphibian & Reptilie Conservation [Taxonomy Section] 14 (3): 74 - 83" title="A new species of Lycodon (Serpentes: Colubridae) from the Deccan Plateau on India, with notes on the range of Lycodon travancoricus (Beddome, 1870) and a revised key to peninsular Indian forms." volume="14" year="2020">Ganesh et al. (2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, in part), and
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.4.60570" author="Kalki, Y" journalOrPublisher="Evolutionary Systematics" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="109 - 118" refId="B198" refString="Kalki, Y, Gowda, S, Agnivamshi, M, Singh, K, Patel, H, Mirza, ZA, 2020. On the taxonomy and systematics of the recently described Lycodon deccanensis Ganesh, Deuti, Punith, Achyuthan, Mallik, Adhikari, Vogel, 2020 (Serpentes, Colubridae) from India. Evolutionary Systematics 4: 109 - 118, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.4.60570" title="On the taxonomy and systematics of the recently described Lycodon deccanensis Ganesh, Deuti, Punith, Achyuthan, Mallik, Adhikari, Vogel, 2020 (Serpentes, Colubridae) from India." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.4.60570" volume="4" year="2020">Kalki et al. (2020)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. We did not include the character
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="“Supraocular-prefrontal-contact”">"Supraocular-prefrontal-contact"</normalizedToken>
|
||
as used by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Ganesh, SR" journalOrPublisher="Bonn zoological Bulletin" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="26 - 36" refId="B138" refString="Ganesh, SR, Vogel, G, 2018. Taxonomic reassessment of the Common Indian Wolf Snake Lycodon aulicus (Linnaeus, 1758) complex (Squamata: Serpentes: Colubridae). Bonn zoological Bulletin 67 (1): 26 - 36" title="Taxonomic reassessment of the Common Indian Wolf Snake Lycodon aulicus (Linnaeus, 1758) complex (Squamata: Serpentes: Colubridae)." volume="67" year="2018">Ganesh and Vogel (2018)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
for delimiting
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1864" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Lycodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lycodon anamallensis" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="anamallensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Lycodon anamallensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="L." lsidName="L. aulicus" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="aulicus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">L. aulicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
because it is a consequence of the condition
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="“Preocular-frontal-contact”">"Preocular-frontal-contact"</normalizedToken>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
<table pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rowspan="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Taxon</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rowspan="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Ventrals</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rowspan="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Subcaudals</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rowspan="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Preocular-frontal-contact</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rowspan="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Collar / in contact with parietals</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rowspan="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Colouration of upper labials</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rowspan="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Dorsal body pattern</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Shaw" authorityYear="1802" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coluber fasciolatus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fasciolatus">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Coluber fasciolatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(holotype)
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rowspan="1">192</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rowspan="1">62</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rowspan="1">no</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rowspan="1">absent</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rowspan="1">yellow with dark brown center</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rowspan="1">short whitish bands stippled with black not extending onto ventral scale edges</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1864" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Lycodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lycodon anamallensis" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="anamallensis">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Lycodon anamallensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Indian populations)
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rowspan="1">♂♂ 174-186 ♀♀ 186-197</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rowspan="1">♂♂ 63-64 ♀♀ 59-74</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rowspan="1">no</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rowspan="1">absent</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rowspan="1">creamy white or yellow with dark brown center</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rowspan="1">short yellowish or whitish bands stippled with black not extending onto ventral scale edges, or patternless</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coluber aulicus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aulicus">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Coluber aulicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(s. str.)
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rowspan="1">♂♂ 180-206 ♀♀ 191-215</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rowspan="1">♂♂ 65-72 ♀♀ 57-73</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rowspan="1">yes</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rowspan="1">present / yes</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rowspan="1">whitish</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rowspan="1">creamy-white bands extending onto ventral scale edges</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ganesh, Deuti, Punith, Achyuthan, Mallik, Adhikari & Vogel" authorityYear="2020" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Lycodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lycodon deccanensis" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="deccanensis">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Lycodon deccanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rowspan="1">198-214</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rowspan="1">66-69</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rowspan="1">no</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rowspan="1">present / yes</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rowspan="1">light brown with irregular dark brown speckles</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rowspan="1">irregular dirty whitish bands with dark brown speckles extending onto ventral scale edges</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Anderson" baseAuthorityYear="1879" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Lycodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lycodon fasciatus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fasciatus">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Lycodon fasciatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rowspan="1">197-220</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rowspan="1">69-94</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rowspan="1">scarcely</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rowspan="1">present / yes</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rowspan="1">dark greyish-white</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rowspan="1">dirty whitish-brown bands extending onto ventral scale edges</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Mukherjee & Bhupathy" authorityYear="2007" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Lycodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lycodon flavicollis" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="flavicollis">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Lycodon flavicollis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rowspan="1">210-224</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rowspan="1">65-72</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rowspan="1">yes</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rowspan="1">present / usually</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rowspan="1">yellow</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rowspan="1">without or with very faint yellow bands not extending onto ventral scale edges</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Wall" authorityYear="1907" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Lycodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lycodon flavomaculatus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="flavomaculatus">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Lycodon flavomaculatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rowspan="1">165-183</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rowspan="1">53-63</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rowspan="1">no</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rowspan="1">absent but a small spot present</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rowspan="1">white</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rowspan="1">yellow bands extending onto ventral scale edges</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Shaw" baseAuthorityYear="1802" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Lycodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lycodon jara" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jara">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Lycodon jara</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rowspan="1">167-188</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rowspan="1">52-74</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rowspan="1">no</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rowspan="1">absent</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rowspan="1">whitish-grey</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rowspan="1">overall speckled with small yellow spots</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1864" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Lycodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lycodon laoensis" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="laoensis">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Lycodon laoensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rowspan="1">163-187</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rowspan="1">60-76</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rowspan="1">yes</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rowspan="1">present /yes</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rowspan="1">whitish</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rowspan="1">yellow-white bands extending onto ventral scale edges</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Beddome" baseAuthorityYear="1870" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Lycodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lycodon travancoricus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="travancoricus">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Lycodon travancoricus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rowspan="1">176-206</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rowspan="1">64-76</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rowspan="1">yes</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rowspan="1">present /scarcely</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rowspan="1">greyish, mottled with brown</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rowspan="1">yellow bands extending onto ventral scale edges</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Shaw" authorityYear="1802" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coluber striatus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="striatus">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Coluber striatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rowspan="1">154-195</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rowspan="1">35-50</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rowspan="1">no</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rowspan="1">present / yes</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rowspan="1">whitish</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rowspan="1">whitish-brown or yellowish bands extending onto ventral scale edges</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coluber zawi" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zawi">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Coluber zawi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rowspan="1">179-207</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rowspan="1">45-75</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rowspan="1">yes</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rowspan="1">absent</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rowspan="1">whitish-brown</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rowspan="1">short white bands not extending onto ventral scale edges</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
In a recent study on population systematics of the
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="L." lsidName="L. aulicus" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="aulicus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">L. aulicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
complex
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Ganesh, SR" journalOrPublisher="Bonn zoological Bulletin" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="26 - 36" refId="B138" refString="Ganesh, SR, Vogel, G, 2018. Taxonomic reassessment of the Common Indian Wolf Snake Lycodon aulicus (Linnaeus, 1758) complex (Squamata: Serpentes: Colubridae). Bonn zoological Bulletin 67 (1): 26 - 36" title="Taxonomic reassessment of the Common Indian Wolf Snake Lycodon aulicus (Linnaeus, 1758) complex (Squamata: Serpentes: Colubridae)." volume="67" year="2018">Ganesh and Vogel (2018)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
identified two different species-groups. Based on head dimensions, collar band pattern, hemipenal morphology, preocular-frontal and supraocular-prefrontal scale contact conditions, they reassessed the systematics of
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Lycodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lycodon aulicus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aulicus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Lycodon aulicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, provided a redefined diagnosis for
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coluber aulicus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aulicus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Coluber aulicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(sensu stricto) and revalidated
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1864" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Lycodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lycodon anamallensis" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="anamallensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Lycodon anamallensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Günther">Guenther</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 1864, a taxon so far regarded as conspecific with
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="L." lsidName="L. aulicus" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="aulicus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">L. aulicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Another result of Ganesh and
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Vogel’s">Vogel's</normalizedToken>
|
||
(l.c.) analysis is the synonymization of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Taylor" authorityYear="1950" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Lycodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lycodon osmanhilli" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="osmanhilli">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Lycodon osmanhilli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Taylor, 1950 with
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="L." lsidName="L. anamallensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="anamallensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">L. anamallensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
Our comparison of the original information of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Shaw" authorityYear="1802" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coluber fasciolatus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fasciolatus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Coluber fasciolatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Shaw, with data from the two morphotypes identified by Ganesh and Vogel (l.c.), showed the closest match with
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="L." lsidName="L. anamallensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="anamallensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">L. anamallensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see Table
|
||
<tableCitation captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Comparison of available characters for the type specimen of C. faciolatus Shaw with other Lycodon species from South and East India. Species from India formerly allocated to the genera Dryocalamus and Dinodon are ignored. Data sourced from Russell (1796), Shaw (1802), Whitaker and Captain (2004), Mukherjee and Bhupathy (2007), Purkayastha (2013), Ganesh and Vogel (2018), Vogel and David (2019), Ganesh et al. (2020, in part), and Kalki et al. (2020). We did not include the character " Supraocular-prefrontal-contact " as used by Ganesh and Vogel (2018) for delimiting Lycodon anamallensis from L. aulicus because it is a consequence of the condition " Preocular-frontal-contact "." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/5EE18A4BE12CC4B04CDB282BFAED7C12" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" tableUuid="5EE18A4BE12CC4B04CDB282BFAED7C12">1</tableCitation>
|
||
). Although ventral and subcaudal counts of female
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Shaw" authorityYear="1802" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coluber fasciolatus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fasciolatus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Coluber fasciolatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
lie within the ranges of females from both
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1864" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Lycodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lycodon anamallensis" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="anamallensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Lycodon anamallensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coluber aulicus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aulicus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Coluber aulicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, it is clearly distinguished from the latter by the combination of following diagnostic characters: (1) preoculars not in contact with frontal vs. in contact, (2) supraoculars in contact with prefrontals vs. not in contact, (3) collar absent vs. collar present and in contact with parietals, (4) upper labials yellow with dark brown center vs. upper labials whitish, (5) short whitish bands stippled with black, not extending into lateral edges of ventrals vs. elongated cream-white bands, extending onto lateral edges of ventrals.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
Based on these consistencies of its morphological characters, colour and pattern, we consider
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Shaw" authorityYear="1802" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coluber fasciolatus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fasciolatus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Coluber fasciolatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Shaw, 1802 and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Daudin" authorityYear="1803" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coluber hebe" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hebe">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Coluber hebe</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Daudin, 1803 as conspecific with
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1864" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Lycodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lycodon anamallensis" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="anamallensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Lycodon anamallensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Günther">Guenther</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 1864, including its synonym
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Taylor" authorityYear="1950" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Lycodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lycodon osmanhilli" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="osmanhilli">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Lycodon osmanhilli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Taylor, 1950.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
With the reallocation of the taxon
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Shaw" authorityYear="1802" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coluber fasciolatus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fasciolatus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Coluber fasciolatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Shaw to the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Lycodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lycodon" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Lycodon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
we follow the lead of H.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Boie, H" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B49" refString="Boie, H, 1826. Notice sur l'Erpetologie de l'Ile de Java. Bulletin Sci. Indust. Ferussac (deuxieme section Bull. Sci. Nat. Geol.) 9(2): 233-240 (edited by H. Schlegel)." title="Notice sur l'Erpetologie de l'Ile de Java. Bulletin Sci. Indust. Ferussac (deuxieme section Bull. Sci. Nat. Geol.) 9 (2): 233 - 240 (edited by H. Schlegel)." year="1826">Boie (1826)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and regard
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Shaw" authorityYear="1802" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Lycodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lycodon fasciolatus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fasciolatus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Lycodon fasciolatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Shaw, 1802) as a valid combination with priority over its younger synonyms
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="L." lsidName="L. hebe" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="hebe">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">L. hebe</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="L." lsidName="L. anamallensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="anamallensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">L. anamallensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="L." lsidName="L. osmanhilli" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="osmanhilli">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">L. osmanhilli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="253" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Description.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
According to
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Taylor, EH" journalOrPublisher="University of Kansas Science Bulletin" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="519 - 603" refId="B361" refString="Taylor, EH, 1950. A brief review of Ceylonese snakes. University of Kansas Science Bulletin 33 (14): 519 - 603" title="A brief review of Ceylonese snakes." volume="33" year="1950">Taylor (1950</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, as
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Taylor" authorityYear="1950" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Lycodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lycodon osmanhilli" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="osmanhilli">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Lycodon osmanhilli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
),
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Ganesh, SR" journalOrPublisher="Bonn zoological Bulletin" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="26 - 36" refId="B138" refString="Ganesh, SR, Vogel, G, 2018. Taxonomic reassessment of the Common Indian Wolf Snake Lycodon aulicus (Linnaeus, 1758) complex (Squamata: Serpentes: Colubridae). Bonn zoological Bulletin 67 (1): 26 - 36" title="Taxonomic reassessment of the Common Indian Wolf Snake Lycodon aulicus (Linnaeus, 1758) complex (Squamata: Serpentes: Colubridae)." volume="67" year="2018">Ganesh and Vogel (2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, as
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1864" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Lycodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lycodon anamallensis" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="anamallensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Lycodon anamallensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and our own observations,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Shaw" authorityYear="1802" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Lycodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lycodon fasciolatus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fasciolatus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Lycodon fasciolatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be diagnosed as follows: (1) dorsal scales smooth in 17 rows at fore- and midbody and 15 before vent, (2) one to three preventrals followed by 174-204 laterally angulate ventrals (max. 197 for Indian populations), (3) 59-74 paired subcaudals, (4) a divided anal scale, (5) nasals in contact with first supralabial, naris large (6) internasals much smaller than prefrontals, (7) frontal shorter than its distance to tip of snout, shorter than parietals, (8) loreal elongated, nearly twice as long as high, (9) one preocular, usually not in contact with frontal (10) two postoculars, (11) supraocular usually in contact with prefrontal, (12) 2+3+4 temporals, (13) nine supralabials, third to fifth in contact with eye, (14) 10-11 sublabials, first five in contact with anterior submaxillars, (15) a thin, small head, reddish brown coloured, slightly darker than body, (16) iris black, pupil scarcely visible, (17) dorsal colour brown or reddish brown, (18) collar absent, first band just behind neck, curved backwards, (19) whole body with short cream white or yellow, irregularly shaped bands or blotches strippled with black, scarcely extending to the flanks, not reaching the lateral edges of ventrals, (adults sometimes patternless), (20) body lateral with four to five thin longitudinal interrupted whitish lines (21) supralabials creme white or yellow, anterior ones with a distinct dark brown spot in its center, (22) short hemipenis reaching to eighth subcaudal, covered with numerous long flounces and spines, (23) total length up to 52 cm, (24) relative tail length 0.14-0.20.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="253" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Russell, P" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Biology" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B301" refString="Russell, P, 1796. An account of Indian serpents, collected on the Coast of Coromandel; containing descriptions and drawings of each species; together with experiments and remarks on their several poisons. George Nicol, London, vii+91 pp., 46 pls." title="An account of Indian serpents, collected on the Coast of Coromandel; containing descriptions and drawings of each species; together with experiments and remarks on their several poisons. George Nicol, London, vii + 91 pp., 46 pls." year="1796">Russell (1796)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
does not provide specific information for the origin of his "Nooni Paragoodoo",
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Shaw, G" journalOrPublisher="Newsletter of the Zoological Survey of India" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B336" refString="Shaw, G, 1802. General zoology or systematic natural history. III (II). Amphibia. G. Kearsley, London, vii+(2)+303 pp. [reprinted 1999 by the Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles, Ithaca, New York]." title="General zoology or systematic natural history. III (II). Amphibia. G. Kearsley, London, vii + (2) + 303 pp. [reprinted 1999 by the Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles, Ithaca, New York]." year="1802">Shaw (1802)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
only states
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="“India”">"India"</normalizedToken>
|
||
as the type locality for
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="C." lsidName="C. fasciolatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="fasciolatus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">C. fasciolatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Daudin, FM" journalOrPublisher="Dufart, Paris" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B101" refString="Daudin, FM, 1803. Histoire Naturelle, Generale et Particuliere des Reptiles; Ouvrage faisant suite aux Oeuvres de Leclerc de Buffon, et Partie du Cours Complet d'Histoire Naturelle Redige par C.S. Sonnini, membre de plusieurs societes savantes. Tome sixieme. F. Dufart, Paris" title="Histoire Naturelle, Generale et Particuliere des Reptiles; Ouvrage faisant suite aux Oeuvres de Leclerc de Buffon, et Partie du Cours Complet d'Histoire Naturelle Redige par C. S. Sonnini, membre de plusieurs societes savantes. Tome sixieme. F." year="1803">Daudin (1803)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, referring to the title of
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Russell’s">Russell's</normalizedToken>
|
||
publication, i.e.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="“Coromandel”">"Coromandel"</normalizedToken>
|
||
as the origin of his
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="C." lsidName="C. hebe" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="hebe">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">C. hebe</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. As already noted by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Bauer, AM" journalOrPublisher="Tulane Studies in Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B31" refString="Bauer, AM, 2015. Patrick Russell's snakes and their role as type specimens. Hamadryad 37(1&2): 18-65." title="Patrick Russell's snakes and their role as type specimens. Hamadryad 37 (1 & 2): 18 - 65." year="2015">Bauer (2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 35) the description of
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="C." lsidName="C. fasciolatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="fasciolatus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">C. fasciolatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is based on a single specimen and the snake depicted on plate 21 in
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Russell, P" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Biology" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B301" refString="Russell, P, 1796. An account of Indian serpents, collected on the Coast of Coromandel; containing descriptions and drawings of each species; together with experiments and remarks on their several poisons. George Nicol, London, vii+91 pp., 46 pls." title="An account of Indian serpents, collected on the Coast of Coromandel; containing descriptions and drawings of each species; together with experiments and remarks on their several poisons. George Nicol, London, vii + 91 pp., 46 pls." year="1796">Russell (1796)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
is the holotype. This makes
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1201/b16901" author="Wallach, V" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B396" refString="Wallach, V, Williams, KL, Boundy, J, 2014. Snakes of the World. A catalogue of living and extinct species. CRC Press, Taylor & Francis, Boca Raton, xxvii+1227 pp. https://doi.org/10.1201/b16901" title="Snakes of the World. A catalogue of living and extinct species. CRC Press, Taylor & Francis, Boca Raton, xxvii + 1227 pp." url="https://doi.org/10.1201/b16901" year="2014">
|
||
Wallach et
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="al’s">al's</normalizedToken>
|
||
(2014
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 54) lectotype designation unnecessary and their type locality restriction "Vizagapatam, coast of Coromandel, India" [= Vishakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh state, SE India,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="17" direction="north" minutes="41" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="17.683332">17°41'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="83" direction="east" minutes="13" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="83.21667">83°13'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, elevation 25 m] via lectotype selection" is unjustified because no such information was provided by Russell for the holotype. Even considering that Russell spent most of the time of his service for the East India Company in the Visakhapatnam district (Andhra Pradesh state of India), it is not clear whether he captured the individual specimen himself.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Russell, P" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Biology" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B301" refString="Russell, P, 1796. An account of Indian serpents, collected on the Coast of Coromandel; containing descriptions and drawings of each species; together with experiments and remarks on their several poisons. George Nicol, London, vii+91 pp., 46 pls." title="An account of Indian serpents, collected on the Coast of Coromandel; containing descriptions and drawings of each species; together with experiments and remarks on their several poisons. George Nicol, London, vii + 91 pp., 46 pls." year="1796">Russell (1796)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
mentioned 11 persons by name who sent him material but does not name anybody in relation to the "Nooni Paragoodoo". Other specimens described by him without a named donor and therefore possibly captured by himself personally came from Lake Ankapilly, Bimblipatam, Boni, Masulupatam and Nerva in Andhra Pradesh, from Tanjore in Tamil Nadu, from Ganjam in Odisha and Hyderabad in Telangana. Strictly speaking, besides Vizagapatnam any of these places could be considered as the possible type locality of
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="L." lsidName="L. fasciolatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="fasciolatus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">L. fasciolatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Shaw" authorityYear="1802" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Lycodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lycodon fasciolatus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fasciolatus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Lycodon fasciolatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
seems to be widespread in southern peninsular India and recent records from the Coromandel region support the possible demarcation of the type locality in this area. According to
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Das, I" journalOrPublisher="Ltd., London" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B94" refString="Das, I, De Silva, A, 2005. A photographic guide to snakes and other reptiles of Sri Lanka. New Holland Publ. Ltd., London" title="A photographic guide to snakes and other reptiles of Sri Lanka. New Holland Publ." year="2005">Das and de Silva (2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, as
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="L." lsidName="L. osmanhilli" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="osmanhilli">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">L. osmanhilli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
),
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="http://doi.org/10.4038/tapro.v3i1.3227" author="Ganesh, SR" journalOrPublisher="Taprobanica" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="5 - 10" refId="B137" refString="Ganesh, SR, Chandramouli, SR, 2011. Report of some noteworthy specimens and species of Herpetofauna from South-East India. Taprobanica 3 (1): 5 - 10, DOI: http://doi.org/10.4038/tapro.v3i1.3227" title="Report of some noteworthy specimens and species of Herpetofauna from South-East India." url="http://doi.org/10.4038/tapro.v3i1.3227" volume="3" year="2011">Ganesh and Chandramouli (2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, as
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="L." lsidName="L. aulicus" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="aulicus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">L. aulicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
morph 2),
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Ganesh, SR" journalOrPublisher="Bonn zoological Bulletin" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="26 - 36" refId="B138" refString="Ganesh, SR, Vogel, G, 2018. Taxonomic reassessment of the Common Indian Wolf Snake Lycodon aulicus (Linnaeus, 1758) complex (Squamata: Serpentes: Colubridae). Bonn zoological Bulletin 67 (1): 26 - 36" title="Taxonomic reassessment of the Common Indian Wolf Snake Lycodon aulicus (Linnaeus, 1758) complex (Squamata: Serpentes: Colubridae)." volume="67" year="2018">Ganesh and Vogel (2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, as
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="L." lsidName="L. anamallensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="anamallensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">L. anamallensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), and
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.30906/1026-2296-2019-26-5-247-260" author="Madawala, M" journalOrPublisher="Russian Journal of Herpetology" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="247 - 260" refId="B235" refString="Madawala, M, Surasinghe, T, de Silva, A, Gabadage, D, Botejue, M, Peabotuwage, I, Kandambi, D, Karunarathna, S, 2019. Reappraisal of herpetofauna recorded from Jaffna Peninsula in northern Sri Lanka with remarks on conservation, diversity, and distribution. Russian Journal of Herpetology 26 (5): 247 - 260, DOI: https://doi.org/10.30906/1026-2296-2019-26-5-247-260" title="Reappraisal of herpetofauna recorded from Jaffna Peninsula in northern Sri Lanka with remarks on conservation, diversity, and distribution." url="https://doi.org/10.30906/1026-2296-2019-26-5-247-260" volume="26" year="2019">Madawala et al. (2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, as
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">oanamallensis</emphasis>
|
||
[sic] or
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">anamalensis</emphasis>
|
||
[sic]),
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="L." lsidName="L. fasciolatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="fasciolatus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">L. fasciolatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is known from the Indian states of Kerala (Kannur, Mundakayam), Tamil Nadu (Anaimalai Hills, Chennai, Mannampandal), Andhra Pradesh (Nallamala Hills) and from Sri Lanka (Ampara, Andigama, Chilaw, Colombo, the Jaffna Peninsula, Kandy, Matara, Peradeniya, Tabbowa, Yala). In the present study, the species is found to be common along the Ganjam coast up to Chhatrapur and we also report the northernmost record from Ganjam, Odisha state of India (see Appendix 10). This species was found inhabiting
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Pandanaceae" genus="Pandanus" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pandanus odorifer" order="Pandanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="odorifer">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Pandanus odorifer</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Forsskål">Forsskal</normalizedToken>
|
||
), Kuntze bushes, other scrub vegetation, agricultural fields and occasionally entering human habitation.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
Some old records mention a specimen under the name
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coluber" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Coluber</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
or
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Duméril & Bibron, 1854" authorityName="Duméril & Bibron" authorityYear="1854" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coryphodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coryphodon fasciolatus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fasciolatus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Coryphodon fasciolatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Blyth, E" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal (Part II)" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B45" refString="Blyth, E, 1855a. Notices and descriptions of various reptiles, new or little known [part 2]. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal [1854] 23(3): 287-302." title="Notices and descriptions of various reptiles, new or little known [part 2]. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal [1854] 23 (3): 287 - 302." year="1855 a">Blyth 1855a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 291;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Guenther, A [CLG]" journalOrPublisher="A. R. G. Gantner K. G., Ruggell" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B161" refString="Guenther, A[CLG], 1860. Contributions to a knowledge of the reptiles of the Himalaya mountains. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London [1860]: 148-175, pl. xxv-xxviii." title="Contributions to a knowledge of the reptiles of the Himalaya mountains. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London [1860]: 148 - 175, pl. xxv-xxviii." year="1860">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Günther">Guenther</normalizedToken>
|
||
1860
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 163) collected by Major W.S. Sherwill at Darjeeling (West Bengal, India) but this refers to another taxon, probably also a
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Lycodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lycodon" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Lycodon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Guenther, A [CLG]" journalOrPublisher="A. R. G. Gantner K. G., Ruggell" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B162" refString="Guenther, A[CLG], 1861. List of the cold-blooded vertebrata collected by B. H. Hodgson, Esq., in Nepal. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London [1861]: 213-227." title="List of the cold-blooded vertebrata collected by B. H. Hodgson, Esq., in Nepal. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London [1861]: 213 - 227." year="1861">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Günther’s">Guenther's</normalizedToken>
|
||
(1861
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 218) record of
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="C." lsidName="C. fasciolatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="fasciolatus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">C. fasciolatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the central hilly region of Nepal, based on a coloured sketch in the B. H.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Hodgson’s">Hodgson's</normalizedToken>
|
||
collection, shows a colubrid snake different from both wolfsnakes and racers and will be discussed below.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
Recently,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="O'Shea, M" journalOrPublisher="IRCF Reptiles & Amphibians" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="70 - 84" refId="B266" refString="O'Shea, M, Kusuma, KI, Kaiser, H, 2018. First record of the Island Wolfsnake Lycodon capucinus (H. Boie in F. Boie 1827), from New Guinea, with comments on its widespread distribution and confused taxonomy, and a new record for the Common Sun Skink, Eutropis multifasciata (Kuhl 1820). IRCF Reptiles & Amphibians 25 (1): 70 - 84" title="First record of the Island Wolfsnake Lycodon capucinus (H. Boie in F. Boie 1827), from New Guinea, with comments on its widespread distribution and confused taxonomy, and a new record for the Common Sun Skink, Eutropis multifasciata (Kuhl 1820)." volume="25" year="2018">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="O’Shea">O'Shea</normalizedToken>
|
||
et al. (2018)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
reviewed the complex taxonomic history and confusion surrounding
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="L." lsidName="L. capucinus" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="capucinus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">L. capucinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="L." lsidName="L. aulicus" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="aulicus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">L. aulicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and finally considered
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Boie" baseAuthorityYear="1827" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Lycodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lycodon capucinus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="capucinus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Lycodon capucinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, also based on molecular data published by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Siler, CD" journalOrPublisher="Zoologica Scripta" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="262 - 277" refId="B342" refString="Siler, CD, Oliveros, CH, Santanen, A, Brown, RM, 2013. Multilocus phylogeny reveals unexpected diversification patterns in Asian wolf snakes (genus Lycodon). Zoologica Scripta 42: 262 - 277" title="Multilocus phylogeny reveals unexpected diversification patterns in Asian wolf snakes (genus Lycodon)." volume="42" year="2013">Siler et al. (2013)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, as a valid species. They discussed the distribution of both species and presented a map showing the actual known range of
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="L." lsidName="L. capucinus" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="capucinus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">L. capucinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with its westernmost mainland border running between northeastern India and Bangladesh. At the same time,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="O’Shea">O'Shea</normalizedToken>
|
||
et al. (l.c., p. 71) stated that "[...]
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="L." lsidName="L. hebe" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="hebe">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">L. hebe</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Daudin, FM" journalOrPublisher="Dufart, Paris" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B101" refString="Daudin, FM, 1803. Histoire Naturelle, Generale et Particuliere des Reptiles; Ouvrage faisant suite aux Oeuvres de Leclerc de Buffon, et Partie du Cours Complet d'Histoire Naturelle Redige par C.S. Sonnini, membre de plusieurs societes savantes. Tome sixieme. F. Dufart, Paris" title="Histoire Naturelle, Generale et Particuliere des Reptiles; Ouvrage faisant suite aux Oeuvres de Leclerc de Buffon, et Partie du Cours Complet d'Histoire Naturelle Redige par C. S. Sonnini, membre de plusieurs societes savantes. Tome sixieme. F." year="1803">Daudin 1803</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), [is] now a synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="L." lsidName="L. capucinus" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="capucinus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">L. capucinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; [...]" but neglected the fact that the origin of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Daudin" authorityYear="1803" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coluber hebe" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hebe">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Coluber hebe</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Daudin, with its type locality on the Coromandel Coast of India, contradicts their presented distribution for
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="L." lsidName="L. capucinus" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="capucinus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">L. capucinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="253" type="remarks">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Blyth, E" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal (Part II)" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B46" refString="Blyth, E, 1855b. Report of Curator, Zoological Department, for September, 1854. In: Proceedings of the Asiatic Society of Bengal for October, 1854. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal [1854], 729-740." title="Report of Curator, Zoological Department, for September, 1854. In: Proceedings of the Asiatic Society of Bengal for October, 1854. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal [1854], 729 - 740." year="1855 b">Blyth (1855b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 740, smallprint) described
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Blyth" authorityYear="1854" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coluber vittacaudatus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vittacaudatus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Coluber vittacaudatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(collector unknown, holotype not located) from the vicinity of Darjeeling (West Bengal state, India) and considered it as allied to
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Shaw" authorityYear="1802" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coluber fasciolatus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fasciolatus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Coluber fasciolatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Shaw. The taxon fell into oblivion until
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Das, I" journalOrPublisher="Journal of South Asian Natural History" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="121 - 172" refId="B96" refString="Das, I, Dattagupta, B, Gayen, NC, 1998. History and catalogue of reptile types in the collection of the Zoological Survey of India. Journal of South Asian Natural History 3 (2): 121 - 172" title="History and catalogue of reptile types in the collection of the Zoological Survey of India." volume="3" year="1998">Das et al. (1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 157) listed it again as a valid species based on a personal communication by Van Wallach.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Whitaker, R" journalOrPublisher="National Book Trust, India, New Delhi" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B409" refString="Whitaker, R, Captain, A, 2004. Snakes of India. The field guide. Draco Books, Chennai, xiv+480 pp. [abridged version in Tamil published in 2006]." title="Snakes of India. The field guide. Draco Books, Chennai, xiv + 480 pp. [abridged version in Tamil published in 2006]." year="2004">Whitaker and Captain (2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, footnote 6) were unsure where
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="C." lsidName="C. vittacaudatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="vittacaudatus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">C. vittacaudatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
should be placed and
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Schaetti, B" journalOrPublisher="Vertebrate Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" pagination="297 - 405" refId="B310" refString="Schaetti, B, Tillack, F, Kucharzewski, C, 2014. Platyceps rhodorachis (Jan, 1863) - a study of the racer genus Platyceps Blyth, 1860 east of the Tigris (Reptilia: Squamata: Colubridae). Vertebrate Zoology 64 (3): 297 - 405" title="Platyceps rhodorachis (Jan, 1863) - a study of the racer genus Platyceps Blyth, 1860 east of the Tigris (Reptilia: Squamata: Colubridae)." volume="64" year="2014">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Schätti">Schaetti</normalizedToken>
|
||
et al. (2014
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 384, smallprint) regarded it as "possibly a senior synonym of the Oriental ratsnake
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Anderson" authorityYear="1879" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Orthriophis" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthriophis taeniurus subsp. yunnanensis" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="taeniurus" subSpecies="yunnanensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Orthriophis taeniurus yunnanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Anderson, 1879), and of
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="O." lsidName="O. taeniurus" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="taeniurus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">O. taeniurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Cope, 1861) as well." The alleged relationship to
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="C." lsidName="C. fasciolata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="fasciolata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">C. fasciolata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Shaw, as originally suggested by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Blyth, E" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal (Part II)" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B46" refString="Blyth, E, 1855b. Report of Curator, Zoological Department, for September, 1854. In: Proceedings of the Asiatic Society of Bengal for October, 1854. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal [1854], 729-740." title="Report of Curator, Zoological Department, for September, 1854. In: Proceedings of the Asiatic Society of Bengal for October, 1854. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal [1854], 729 - 740." year="1855 b">Blyth (1855b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, prompted
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1201/b16901" author="Wallach, V" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B396" refString="Wallach, V, Williams, KL, Boundy, J, 2014. Snakes of the World. A catalogue of living and extinct species. CRC Press, Taylor & Francis, Boca Raton, xxvii+1227 pp. https://doi.org/10.1201/b16901" title="Snakes of the World. A catalogue of living and extinct species. CRC Press, Taylor & Francis, Boca Raton, xxvii + 1227 pp." url="https://doi.org/10.1201/b16901" year="2014">Wallach et al. (2014)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and later
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Das, I" journalOrPublisher="John Beaufoy Publishing, Oxford" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" refId="B95" refString="Das, I, Das, A, 2017. A naturalist's guide to the reptiles of India, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka. John Beaufoy Publishing, Oxford" title="A naturalist's guide to the reptiles of India, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka." year="2017">Das and Das (2017)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
to place
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Blyth" authorityYear="1854" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coluber vittacaudatus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vittacaudatus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Coluber vittacaudatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
into the previously monotypic genus
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Werner" authorityYear="1924" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Argyrogena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Argyrogena" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Argyrogena</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Werner, unaware that
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Shaw" authorityYear="1802" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coluber fasciolatus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fasciolatus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Coluber fasciolatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Shaw is not a racer.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="253">
|
||
It is undisputed that Blyth (l.c.) considered the resemblance of
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="C." lsidName="C. vittacaudatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="vittacaudatus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">C. vittacaudatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="C." lsidName="C. fasciolatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="fasciolatus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">C. fasciolatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the sense of Shaw, so he clearly did not mean what is now commonly referred to as the Banded racer. Because of our clarification that
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="C." lsidName="C. fasciolatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" rank="species" species="fasciolatus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">C. fasciolatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a wolfsnake, all previous assumptions concerning the identity of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Blyth" authorityYear="1854" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coluber vittacaudatus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vittacaudatus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="253">Coluber vittacaudatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Blyth are questionable.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |