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<document id="EB7A2C329146B3EBC4C4C0B4CF765F50" ID-CLB-Dataset="24105" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2019.585" ID-GBIF-Dataset="dca608e8-fccf-4c1c-b8df-ef0c28e1d518" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3660259" ID-ZooBank="181B6FBA-ED75-4BB4-84C4-FB512B794749" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1581251975682" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Ebersole, Jun A., Cicimurri, David J. &amp; Stringer, Gary L." docDate="2019" docId="18174D41FF3BFF10FD599BD74FB20EE2" docLanguage="en" docName="ejt-585_ebersole_cicimurri_stinger.pdf.imf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 585" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Pseudophichthys Roule 1915" docType="treatment" docVersion="18" lastPageNumber="192" masterDocId="E42E3539FF85FFAFFFC69F344D4B0F37" masterDocTitle="Taxonomy and biostratigraphy of the elasmobranchs and bony fishes (Chondrichthyes and Osteichthyes) of the lower-to-middle Eocene (Ypresian to Bartonian) Claiborne Group in Alabama, USA, including an analysis of otoliths" masterLastPageNumber="274" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="191" updateTime="1698783570407" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="6CD11EB949C28CB0712B14794B757047">Taxonomy and biostratigraphy of the elasmobranchs and bony fishes (Chondrichthyes and Osteichthyes) of the lower-to-middle Eocene (Ypresian to Bartonian) Claiborne Group in Alabama, USA, including an analysis of otoliths</mods:title>
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<paragraph id="9001FC57FF3BFF11FD599BD74EDE0BC9" blockId="190.[671,917,1251,1313]" box="[671,917,1251,1278]" pageId="190" pageNumber="191">
<heading id="CB494B3BFF3BFF11FD599BD74EDE0BC9" box="[671,917,1251,1278]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="190" pageNumber="191" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF3BFF11FD599BD74E270BC9" ID-CoL="732G" ID-ENA="2100601" authorityName="Roule" authorityYear="1915" box="[671,876,1251,1278]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Congridae" genus="Pseudophichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="190" pageNumber="191" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF3BFF11FD599BD74E270BC9" bold="true" box="[671,876,1251,1278]" italics="true" pageId="190" pageNumber="191">Pseudophichthys</emphasis>
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sp.
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="D8A4AFDCFF3BFF11FD109A334E140A16" box="[726,863,1287,1313]" pageId="190" pageNumber="191" type="description">
<paragraph id="9001FC57FF3BFF11FD109A334E140A16" blockId="190.[671,917,1251,1313]" box="[726,863,1287,1313]" pageId="190" pageNumber="191">
<figureCitation id="0885E0D2FF3BFF11FD109A334E630A16" box="[726,808,1287,1313]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="187.[189,232,1682,1708]" captionTargetBox="[202,1386,306,1620]" captionTargetId="figure@187.[189,1398,296,1640]" captionTargetPageId="187" captionText="Fig. 69. Claiborne Group, “upper” Lisbon Formation, otoliths. AB. Albula sp., MSC 562. A. Inner face (right sagitta). B. Dorsal view. — CD. Pythonicthys colei (Müller, 1999), WSU CC 474. C. Inner face (left sagitta). D. Dorsal view. — EF. Muraenesocidae Kaup, 1859, indet., MSC 39064. E. Inner face (left sagitta). F. Dorsal view. — GH. Ariosoma nonsector Nolf &amp; Stringer, 2003, MSC 39069. G. Inner face (left sagitta). H. Dorsal view. — IJ. Paraconger sector (Koken, 1888), MSC 39052. I. Inner face (right sagitta, broken on anterodorsal angle). J. Dorsal view. — KL. Pseudophichthys sp., MSC 37059.2. K. Inner face (right sagitta). L. Dorsal view. — MN. Rhynchoconger sp., MSC 37059.6. M. Inner face (left sagitta). N. Dorsal view. — OP. Gnathophis meridies (Frizzell &amp; Lamber, 1962), MSC 37059.XX. O. Inner face (right sagitta). P. Dorsal view. — QR. Myripristis sp., MSC 39047. Q. Inner face (right sagitta). R. Dorsal view. Scale bars: AB =5 mm; CR =2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3660393" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3660393/files/figure.png" pageId="190" pageNumber="191">Fig. 69</figureCitation>
KL
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D8A4AFDCFF3BFF11FF7B9A7D4EBB0ADA" pageId="190" pageNumber="191" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="9001FC57FF3BFF11FF7B9A7D4E130A53" blockId="190.[189,856,1353,1380]" box="[189,856,1353,1380]" pageId="190" pageNumber="191">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="B0AEDB79FF3BFF11FF7B9A7D4E130A53" box="[189,856,1353,1380]" pageId="190" pageNumber="191">
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF3BFF11FF7B9A7D4FFC0A53" authority="Koken, 1888: 293" authorityName="Koken" authorityPageNumber="293" authorityYear="1888" box="[189,695,1353,1380]" family="Sciaenidae" genus="Otolithus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="190" pageNumber="191" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="glaber" subGenus="Solea">
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF3BFF11FF7B9A7D4C610A54" box="[189,298,1353,1379]" italics="true" pageId="190" pageNumber="191">Otolithus</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF3BFF11FEFD9A7D4C370A54" box="[315,380,1353,1379]" italics="true" pageId="190" pageNumber="191">Solea</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF3BFF11FE489A7D4C900A54" box="[398,475,1353,1379]" italics="true" pageId="190" pageNumber="191">glaber</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="111FDA46FF3BFF11FE279A7D4FFC0A53" author="Koken E." box="[481,695,1353,1380]" page="293" pageId="190" pageNumber="191" year="1888">
<bibRefCitation id="F42F81A6FF3BFF11FE279A7D4FFC0A53" author="Koken E." box="[481,695,1353,1380]" pageId="190" pageNumber="191" pagination="274 - 305" refId="ref144486" refString="Koken E. 1888. Neue Untersuchungen an tertiaren Fisch-Otolithen. Zeitschrift der Deutschen Geologischen Gesellschaft 40: 274 - 305." type="journal article" year="1888">Koken, 1888: 293</bibRefCitation>
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, pl. 18, fig. 3.
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9001FC57FF3BFF11FF7B9AB94E870A90" blockId="190.[189,1063,1420,1517]" box="[189,972,1420,1447]" pageId="190" pageNumber="191">
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF3BFF11FF7B9AB94E7A0A90" authority="- Campbell 1929 a: 274 - 275" authorityName="Campbell" authorityPageNumber="274" authorityYear="1929" box="[189,817,1420,1447]" family="Sciaenidae" genus="Otolithus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="190" pageNumber="191" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="glaber" subGenus="Solea">
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF3BFF11FF7B9AB94C610A90" box="[189,298,1421,1447]" italics="true" pageId="190" pageNumber="191">Otolithus</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF3BFF11FEFD9AB94C370A90" box="[315,380,1421,1447]" italics="true" pageId="190" pageNumber="191">Solea</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF3BFF11FE489AB94C900A90" box="[398,475,1421,1447]" italics="true" pageId="190" pageNumber="191">glaber</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F42F81A6FF3BFF11FE319AB94E7A0A90" author="Campbell R." box="[503,817,1420,1447]" pageId="190" pageNumber="191" pagination="254 - 279" refId="ref137518" refString="Campbell R. 1929 a. Fish otoliths, their occurrence and value as stratigraphic markers. Journal of Paleontology 3 (3): 254 - 279." type="journal article" year="1929">Campbell 1929a: 274275</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, pl. 29, fig. 3
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9001FC57FF3BFF11FF7B9A84496C0AFD" blockId="190.[189,1063,1420,1517]" box="[189,1063,1455,1482]" pageId="190" pageNumber="191">
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF3BFF11FF0C9A844C450AFE" box="[202,270,1456,1481]" italics="true" pageId="190" pageNumber="191">genus</emphasis>
aff.
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF3BFF11FE829A844F400AFD" ID-CoL="732G" authorityName="Roule" authorityYear="1915" box="[324,523,1456,1482]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Congridae" genus="Pseudophichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="190" pageNumber="191" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF3BFF11FE829A844F400AFD" box="[324,523,1456,1482]" italics="true" pageId="190" pageNumber="191">Pseudophichthys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF3BFF11FDE69A844E790AFD" authority="- Nolf 1985: 43" authorityName="Nolf" authorityPageNumber="43" authorityYear="1985" box="[544,818,1455,1482]" family="Sciaenidae" genus="Otolithus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="190" pageNumber="191" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="glaber">
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF3BFF11FDE69A844F260AFD" box="[544,621,1456,1482]" italics="true" pageId="190" pageNumber="191">glaber</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F42F81A6FF3BFF11FD4C9A844E790AFD" author="Nolf D." box="[650,818,1455,1482]" pageId="190" pageNumber="191" pagination="1 - 145" refId="ref147588" refString="Nolf D. 1985. Otolithi Piscium. In: Schultze H. (ed.) Handbook of Palaeoichthyology Volume 10: 1 - 145. Gustav Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart." type="journal article" year="1985">Nolf 1985: 43</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. —
<bibRefCitation id="F42F81A6FF3BFF11FCA79A84496F0AFD" author="Muller A." box="[865,1060,1456,1482]" pageId="190" pageNumber="191" pagination="1 - 360" refId="ref146931" refString="Muller A. 1999. Ichthyofaunen aus dem atlantischen Tertiar der USA. Leipziger Geowissenschaften 9 - 10: 1 - 360." type="journal article" year="1999">Müller 1999: 82</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9001FC57FF3BFF11FF7B9AE74EBB0ADA" blockId="190.[189,1063,1420,1517]" box="[189,1008,1491,1517]" pageId="190" pageNumber="191">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="B0AEDB79FF3BFF11FF7B9AE74EBB0ADA" box="[189,1008,1491,1517]" pageId="190" pageNumber="191">
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF3BFF11FF7B9AE74E5A0ADA" authority="- Nolf &amp; Stringer 2003: 4" authorityName="- Nolf &amp; Stringer" authorityPageNumber="4" authorityYear="2003" box="[189,785,1491,1517]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Congridae" genus="Pseudophichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="190" pageNumber="191" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="glaber">
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF3BFF11FF7B9AE74C930ADA" box="[189,472,1491,1517]" italics="true" pageId="190" pageNumber="191">Pseudophichthys glaber</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="111FDA46FF3BFF11FE339AE74E5A0ADA" author="Nolf D. &amp; Stringer G." box="[501,785,1491,1517]" page="4" pageId="190" pageNumber="191" year="2003">
<bibRefCitation id="F42F81A6FF3BFF11FE339AE74E5A0ADA" author="Nolf D. &amp; Stringer G." box="[501,785,1491,1517]" pageId="190" pageNumber="191" pagination="1 - 23" refId="ref147846" refString="Nolf D. &amp; Stringer G. 2003. Late Eocene (Priabonian) fish otoliths from the Yazoo Clay at Copenhagen, Louisiana. Louisiana Geological Survey Geological Pamphlet 13: 1 - 23." type="journal article" year="2003">Nolf &amp; Stringer 2003: 4</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, pl. 1, figs 13a18.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D8A4AFDCFF3BFF11FF7B9920495C096A" pageId="190" pageNumber="191" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="9001FC57FF3BFF11FF7B99204CE10919" blockId="190.[189,426,1556,1582]" box="[189,426,1556,1582]" pageId="190" pageNumber="191">
<heading id="CB494B3BFF3BFF11FF7B99204CE10919" bold="true" box="[189,426,1556,1582]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="190" pageNumber="191" reason="3">
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF3BFF11FF7B99204CE10919" bold="true" box="[189,426,1556,1582]" pageId="190" pageNumber="191">Material examined</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9001FC57FF3BFF11FF7B9977495C096A" blockId="190.[189,1047,1602,1629]" box="[189,1047,1602,1629]" pageId="190" pageNumber="191">
<materialsCitation id="20D6F60AFF3BFF11FF7B99774959096A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2564277961" box="[189,1042,1602,1629]" collectionCode="MSC" country="United States of America" location="Alabama" pageId="190" pageNumber="191" specimenCode="MSC 37059.2" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Alabama">
<collectingCountry id="E8A9BCC7FF3BFF11FF7B99774F1B096B" box="[189,592,1602,1629]" name="United States of America" pageId="190" pageNumber="191">UNITED STATES OF AMERICA</collectingCountry>
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF3BFF11FDAB99764F94096B" bold="true" box="[621,735,1602,1628]" pageId="190" pageNumber="191">
<collectingRegion id="527A32B5FF3BFF11FDAB99764F94096B" box="[621,735,1602,1628]" country="United States of America" name="Alabama" pageId="190" pageNumber="191">Alabama</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
• 1 otolith;
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<collectionCode id="F6AF6492FF3BFF11FCAC99764EE3096B" box="[874,936,1602,1628]" pageId="190" pageNumber="191">MSC</collectionCode>
37059.2
</specimenCode>
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.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D8A4AFDCFF3BFF11FF7B99B74F44086F" pageId="190" pageNumber="191" type="description">
<paragraph id="9001FC57FF3BFF11FF7B99B74C0509AA" blockId="190.[189,334,1667,1693]" box="[189,334,1667,1693]" pageId="190" pageNumber="191">
<heading id="CB494B3BFF3BFF11FF7B99B74C0509AA" bold="true" box="[189,334,1667,1693]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="190" pageNumber="191" reason="3">
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF3BFF11FF7B99B74C0509AA" bold="true" box="[189,334,1667,1693]" pageId="190" pageNumber="191">Description</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9001FC57FF3BFF11FF7B99864F44086F" blockId="190.[189,1399,1714,1881]" pageId="190" pageNumber="191">
Sagitta with oval to elliptic outline (sensu
<bibRefCitation id="F42F81A6FF3BFF11FD0C99864EE309FA" author="Smale M. &amp; Watson G. &amp; Hecht T." box="[714,936,1714,1741]" pageId="190" pageNumber="191" pagination="1 - 253" refId="ref150614" refString="Smale M., Watson G. &amp; Hecht T. 1995. Otolith atlas of southern African marine fishes. Ichthyological Monographs of the J. L. B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology 1: 1 - 253. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 141860" type="journal article" year="1995">
Smale
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF3BFF11FCD999874E1509FB" box="[799,862,1714,1740]" italics="true" pageId="190" pageNumber="191">et al.</emphasis>
1995
</bibRefCitation>
); margins smooth. Height/length ratio equals 56%. Inner face very slightly convex. Sulcus of inner face undivided, slants very slightly in posteroventral direction. Sulcus reaches anterior margin, possibly through shallow ostial channel, extends approximately 75% of length. Anterior and posterior ends of sulcus tapering. Fairly conspicuous depressed area above sulcus.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D8A4AFDCFF3BFF10FF7B98B44FB20EE2" lastPageId="191" lastPageNumber="192" pageId="190" pageNumber="191" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="9001FC57FF3BFF11FF7B98B44C6408AD" blockId="190.[189,303,1920,1946]" box="[189,303,1920,1946]" pageId="190" pageNumber="191">
<heading id="CB494B3BFF3BFF11FF7B98B44C6408AD" bold="true" box="[189,303,1920,1946]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="190" pageNumber="191" reason="3">
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF3BFF11FF7B98B44C6408AD" bold="true" box="[189,303,1920,1946]" pageId="190" pageNumber="191">Remarks</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9001FC57FF3BFF10FF7B989A4F040E70" blockId="190.[189,1399,1966,2027]" lastBlockId="191.[189,1398,267,327]" lastPageId="191" lastPageNumber="192" pageId="190" pageNumber="191">
The singular specimen available to us is broken, but the undivided sulcus allows us to identify it as congrid, and other preserved features identify it as
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF3BFF11FCE898E54EBE08DC" authorityName="Roule" authorityYear="1915" box="[814,1013,2001,2027]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Congridae" genus="Pseudophichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="190" pageNumber="191" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF3BFF11FCE898E54EBE08DC" box="[814,1013,2001,2027]" italics="true" pageId="190" pageNumber="191">Pseudophichthys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. However, determination to the species level was not possible, although it is very similar to
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF3AFF10FCB09E3F49DB0E12" authorityName="- Nolf &amp; Stringer" authorityYear="2003" box="[886,1168,267,293]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Congridae" genus="Pseudophichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="191" pageNumber="192" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="glaber">
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF3AFF10FCB09E3F49DB0E12" box="[886,1168,267,293]" italics="true" pageId="191" pageNumber="192">Pseudophichthys glaber</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the Eocene of
<collectingRegion id="527A32B5FF3AFF10FF7B9E194C7A0E70" box="[189,305,301,327]" country="United States of America" name="Louisiana" pageId="191" pageNumber="192">Louisiana</collectingRegion>
(
<bibRefCitation id="F42F81A6FF3AFF10FE869E194F080E70" author="Nolf D. &amp; Stringer G." box="[320,579,301,327]" pageId="191" pageNumber="192" pagination="1 - 23" refId="ref147846" refString="Nolf D. &amp; Stringer G. 2003. Late Eocene (Priabonian) fish otoliths from the Yazoo Clay at Copenhagen, Louisiana. Louisiana Geological Survey Geological Pamphlet 13: 1 - 23." type="journal article" year="2003">Nolf &amp; Stringer 2003</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9001FC57FF3AFF10FF7B9E584E5F0EB0" blockId="191.[189,788,364,391]" box="[189,788,364,391]" pageId="191" pageNumber="192">
<heading id="CB494B3BFF3AFF10FF7B9E584E5F0EB0" bold="true" box="[189,788,364,391]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="191" pageNumber="192" reason="3">
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF3AFF10FF7B9E584E5F0EB0" bold="true" box="[189,788,364,391]" pageId="191" pageNumber="192">
Stratigraphic and geographic range in
<collectingRegion id="527A32B5FF3AFF10FD649E594E5F0EB0" box="[674,788,365,391]" country="United States of America" name="Alabama" pageId="191" pageNumber="192">Alabama</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9001FC57FF3AFF10FF7B9EAE4FB20EE2" blockId="191.[189,1398,410,470]" pageId="191" pageNumber="192">
Only one broken specimen of
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FF3AFF10FDE39EAE4FA70E83" authorityName="Roule" authorityYear="1915" box="[549,748,410,436]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Congridae" genus="Pseudophichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="191" pageNumber="192" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FF3AFF10FDE39EAE4FA70E83" box="[549,748,410,436]" italics="true" pageId="191" pageNumber="192">Pseudophichthys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. was recovered from the “upper”
<collectingRegion id="527A32B5FF3AFF10FB649EAE49B80E83" box="[1186,1267,410,436]" country="Portugal" name="Lisboa" pageId="191" pageNumber="192">Lisbon</collectingRegion>
Formation at site ACh-7. Bartonian, zones NP16 and NP17.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>