286 lines
29 KiB
XML
286 lines
29 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.81.e86793" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1864-8312-81-179" ID-Pensoft-UUID="1659D2F369E1554691270129ED1C2B56" ID-ZooBank="17BF91115551410B97030B0F3AAE867E" ModsDocID="1864-8312-81-179" checkinTime="1676067814665" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Huber, Bernhard A. & Meng, Guanliang" docDate="2023" docId="AE3D73B4077D5F89A5E63D04DE1EF34C" docLanguage="en" docName="ArthropodSystPhyl 81: 179-200" docOrigin="Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 81" docPubDate="2023-02-10" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.81.e86793" docTitle="Cenemus Saaristo, 2001 (Family Pholcidae C. L. Koch 1850" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="1659D2F369E1554691270129ED1C2B56" lastPageNumber="179" masterDocId="1659D2F369E1554691270129ED1C2B56" masterDocTitle="On the mysterious Seychellois endemic spider genus Cenemus (Araneae, Pholcidae)" masterLastPageNumber="200" masterPageNumber="179" pageNumber="179" updateTime="1676067814665" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>On the mysterious Seychellois endemic spider genus Cenemus (Araneae, Pholcidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Huber, Bernhard A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7566-5424</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Zoological Research Museum Alexander Koenig, LIB, Bonn, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">b.huber@leibniz-lib.de</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Meng, Guanliang</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6488-1527</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Zoological Research Museum Alexander Koenig, LIB, Bonn, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2023</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2023-02-10</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>81</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>179</mods:start>
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<mods:end>200</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.81.e86793</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.81.e86793</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1864-8312-81-179</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">17BF91115551410B97030B0F3AAE867E</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">1659D2F369E1554691270129ED1C2B56</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:AE3D73B4077D5F89A5E63D04DE1EF34C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/AE3D73B4077D5F89A5E63D04DE1EF34C" lastPageNumber="179" pageId="0" pageNumber="179">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="179" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="179">
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3.2.1. Genus
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<taxonomicName ID-CoL="3K4W" LSID="AE3D73B4-077D-5F89-A5E6-3D04DE1EF34C" authority="Saaristo, 2001 (Family Pholcidae C. L. Koch, 1850)" authorityName="Saaristo, 2001 (Family Pholcidae C. L. Koch" authorityYear="1850" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Cenemus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cenemus" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Cenemus Saaristo, 2001 (Family Pholcidae C.L. Koch, 1850)</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="179" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="179">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Saaristo, 2001 (Family Pholcidae C. L. Koch" authorityYear="1850" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Cenemus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cenemus" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Cenemus</taxonomicName>
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Saaristo, 2001: 19 (type species:
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Holocnemus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Holocnemus culiculus" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="culiculus">Holocnemus culiculus</taxonomicName>
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Simon, 1898).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="179" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="179">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="179">
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The three species currently included in this genus are extremely similar to each other. The redescription of the type species below thus covers the genus except for some minor details of the genitalia (cf.
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<bibRefCitation author="Saaristo, MI" journalOrPublisher="Phelsuma" pageId="0" pageNumber="179" pagination="9 - 28" refId="B43" refString="Saaristo, MI, 2001. Pholcid spiders of the granitic Seychelles (Araneae, Pholcidae). Phelsuma 9: 9 - 28" title="Pholcid spiders of the granitic Seychelles (Araneae, Pholcidae)." volume="9" year="2001">Saaristo 2001</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation author="Saaristo, MI" journalOrPublisher="Phelsuma" pageId="0" pageNumber="179" refId="B44" refString="Saaristo, MI, 2002. New species and interesting new records of spiders from Seychelles (Arachnida, Araneaea [sic]). Phelsuma 10 (suppl. A): 1-31." title="New species and interesting new records of spiders from Seychelles (Arachnida, Araneaea [sic]). Phelsuma 10 (suppl. A): 1 - 31." year="2002">2002</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="179" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="179">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="179">
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Large, long-legged pholcids with deep carapace pit and cylindrical abdomen; distinguished from similar
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1893" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="179" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Smeringopinae">Smeringopinae</taxonomicName>
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(especially
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Smeringopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Smeringopus" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="179">Smeringopus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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; also
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Brenske" authorityYear="1894" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Holocnemus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Holocnemus" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="179">Holocnemus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Kraus" authorityYear="1957" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Smeringopina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Smeringopina" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="179">Smeringopina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Kraus, 1957) by the combination of: (1) male gonopore with six epiandrous spigots (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 29–37" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figures 29 - 37. Cenemus culiculus (Simon, 1898); male from Mahe, Morne Blanc (ZFMK Ar 23868). 29 Ocular area and carapace, dorsal-frontal view. 30 Left eye triad and AME, oblique frontal view (arrows: " accessory lenses "). 31 Gonopore. 32 Spinnerets. 33 - 34 Modified hair on cheliceral apophysis. 35 Pores on frontal cheliceral face. 36 Cheliceral stridulatory file. 37 Palpal coxa (endite), prolateral view. Scale bars: 100 µm (29, 30, 36); 10 µm (31 - 35); 20 µm (37)." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.81.e86793.figures29-37" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/807797" pageId="0" pageNumber="179">31</figureCitation>
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; only two in
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Smeringopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Smeringopus" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="179">Smeringopus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Kraus" authorityYear="1957" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Smeringopina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Smeringopina" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="179">Smeringopina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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); (2) ALS with only two spigots each (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 55–63" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figures 55 - 63. Cenemus culiculus (Simon, 1898); female from Mahe, Morne Blanc (ZFMK Ar 23869). 55 Palpal tarsal organ. 56 Left tarsus 3, showing distinct pseudosegmentation. 57 Tip of left tarsus 2 (arrow: tarsal organ). 58 - 59 Tarsal organ on tarsus 1. 60 - 61 Tarsal organs on tarsi 3 and 4. 62 - 63 Spinnerets. Scale bars: 10 µm (55, 58 - 63); 100 µm (56); 20 µm (57)." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.81.e86793.figures55-63" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/807800" pageId="0" pageNumber="179">63</figureCitation>
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; seven to eight in
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Smeringopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Smeringopus" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="179">Smeringopus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Kraus" authorityYear="1957" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Smeringopina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Smeringopina" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="179">Smeringopina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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); (3) male chelicerae with one pair of apophyses, each with one conical hair at tip (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 29–37" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figures 29 - 37. Cenemus culiculus (Simon, 1898); male from Mahe, Morne Blanc (ZFMK Ar 23868). 29 Ocular area and carapace, dorsal-frontal view. 30 Left eye triad and AME, oblique frontal view (arrows: " accessory lenses "). 31 Gonopore. 32 Spinnerets. 33 - 34 Modified hair on cheliceral apophysis. 35 Pores on frontal cheliceral face. 36 Cheliceral stridulatory file. 37 Palpal coxa (endite), prolateral view. Scale bars: 100 µm (29, 30, 36); 10 µm (31 - 35); 20 µm (37)." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.81.e86793.figures29-37" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/807797" pageId="0" pageNumber="179">33</figureCitation>
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; two or more hairs in certain
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Brenske" authorityYear="1894" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Holocnemus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Holocnemus" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="179">Holocnemus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and other
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1893" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="179" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Smeringopinae">Smeringopinae</taxonomicName>
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; some
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1893" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="179" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Smeringopinae">Smeringopinae</taxonomicName>
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without conical hairs); (4) male and female chelicerae with distinct stridulatory files (Figs
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 29–37" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figures 29 - 37. Cenemus culiculus (Simon, 1898); male from Mahe, Morne Blanc (ZFMK Ar 23868). 29 Ocular area and carapace, dorsal-frontal view. 30 Left eye triad and AME, oblique frontal view (arrows: " accessory lenses "). 31 Gonopore. 32 Spinnerets. 33 - 34 Modified hair on cheliceral apophysis. 35 Pores on frontal cheliceral face. 36 Cheliceral stridulatory file. 37 Palpal coxa (endite), prolateral view. Scale bars: 100 µm (29, 30, 36); 10 µm (31 - 35); 20 µm (37)." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.81.e86793.figures29-37" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/807797" pageId="0" pageNumber="179">36</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 47–54" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figures 47 - 54. Cenemus culiculus (Simon, 1898); female from Mahe, Morne Blanc (ZFMK Ar 23869). 47 Carapace pit. 48 AME and clypeus, oblique frontal view (arrow: modified area). 49 Cheliceral stridulatory file. 50 Pores on frontal cheliceral face. 51 Epigynum and anterior sclerite, lateral-ventral view. 52 Epigynum, ventral view (arrows: pockets). 53 Epigynal pit. 54 Internal female genitalia, dorsal view with dorsal arc tilted toward front (asterisk: pore plate). Abbreviations: da, dorsal arc; va, ventral arc. Scale bars: 100 µm (47, 48, 51, 52, 54); 20 µm (49); 10 µm (50, 53)." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.81.e86793.figures47-54" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/807799" pageId="0" pageNumber="179">49</figureCitation>
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; absent in
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Smeringopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Smeringopus" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="179">Smeringopus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Kraus" authorityYear="1957" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Smeringopina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Smeringopina" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="179">Smeringopina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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); (5) palpal tarsus without macrotrichia (Figs
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 5–11" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figures 5 - 11. Cenemus culiculus (Simon, 1898), live specimens and male pedipalp. 5 - 6 Male and female from Mahe, Bel Ombre. 7 - 8 Female with egg-sac and juvenile male from Mahe, Morne Blanc. 9 - 11 Left male palp, prolateral, dorsal, and retrolateral views; male from Mahe, Morne Blanc (ZFMK Ar 23868). Abbreviations: co, coxa; fe, femur; gb, genital bulb; pa, patella; pr, procursus; ta, tarsus; ti, tibia; tr, trochanter. Scale bar: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.81.e86793.figures5-11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/807791" pageId="0" pageNumber="179">9-11</figureCitation>
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; often present in
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Smeringopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Smeringopus" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="179">Smeringopus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Kraus" authorityYear="1957" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Smeringopina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Smeringopina" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="179">Smeringopina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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); (6) procursus tip without ventral spine (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 18–20" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figures 18 - 20. Cenemus culiculus (Simon, 1898); male from Mahe, Morne Blanc (ZFMK Ar 23868); left tarsus and procursus, prolateral, dorsal, and retrolateral views; arrows point at distal dorsal sclerite. Scale bar: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.81.e86793.figures18-20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/807793" pageId="0" pageNumber="179">20</figureCitation>
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; present in most other
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1893" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="179" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Smeringopinae">Smeringopinae</taxonomicName>
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); (7) male anterior femora without spines (present in
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Brenske" authorityYear="1894" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Holocnemus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Holocnemus" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="179">Holocnemus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1893" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Crossopriza" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crossopriza" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="179">Crossopriza</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Absolon & Kratochvil" authorityYear="1932" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Stygopholcus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stygopholcus" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="179">Stygopholcus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Kulczynski" authorityYear="1908" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Hoplopholcus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hoplopholcus" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="179">Hoplopholcus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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); (8) prolateral trichobothrium of tibia 1 absent (present in
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Smeringopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Smeringopus" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="179">Smeringopus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Kraus" authorityYear="1957" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Smeringopina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Smeringopina" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="179">Smeringopina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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); (9) tarsal pseudosegments distinct (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 55–63" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figures 55 - 63. Cenemus culiculus (Simon, 1898); female from Mahe, Morne Blanc (ZFMK Ar 23869). 55 Palpal tarsal organ. 56 Left tarsus 3, showing distinct pseudosegmentation. 57 Tip of left tarsus 2 (arrow: tarsal organ). 58 - 59 Tarsal organ on tarsus 1. 60 - 61 Tarsal organs on tarsi 3 and 4. 62 - 63 Spinnerets. Scale bars: 10 µm (55, 58 - 63); 100 µm (56); 20 µm (57)." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.81.e86793.figures55-63" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/807800" pageId="0" pageNumber="179">56</figureCitation>
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; indistinct in all other
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1893" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="179" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Smeringopinae">Smeringopinae</taxonomicName>
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); (10) leg tarsal organs oval, with indentation in proximal median part of rim (Figs
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 55–63" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figures 55 - 63. Cenemus culiculus (Simon, 1898); female from Mahe, Morne Blanc (ZFMK Ar 23869). 55 Palpal tarsal organ. 56 Left tarsus 3, showing distinct pseudosegmentation. 57 Tip of left tarsus 2 (arrow: tarsal organ). 58 - 59 Tarsal organ on tarsus 1. 60 - 61 Tarsal organs on tarsi 3 and 4. 62 - 63 Spinnerets. Scale bars: 10 µm (55, 58 - 63); 100 µm (56); 20 µm (57)." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.81.e86793.figures55-63" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/807800" pageId="0" pageNumber="179">58-61</figureCitation>
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; round and without indentation in all other
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1893" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="179" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Smeringopinae">Smeringopinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="179" type="natural history">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="179">Natural history.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="179">
|
||
Nothing has been published about the biology of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Saaristo, 2001 (Family Pholcidae C. L. Koch" authorityYear="1850" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Cenemus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cenemus" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="179">Cenemus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
before. Given the high general similarity of the three known species, the basic observations on
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Pholcidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. culiculus" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="179" rank="species" species="culiculus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="179">C. culiculus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
below are probably valid for all of them.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="179" type="relationships">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="179">Relationships.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="179">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Saaristo, 2001 (Family Pholcidae C. L. Koch" authorityYear="1850" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Cenemus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cenemus" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="179">Cenemus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is part of the northern group of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1893" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="179" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Smeringopinae">Smeringopinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Its sister group remains unclear (see Discussion).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="179" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="179">Composition and distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="179">
|
||
Three species endemic to the Seychelles (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Known distributions of the northern and southern groups of Smeringopinae and of Cenemus. Excluded from this map are three widely distributed synanthropic species: Holocnemus pluchei (Scopoli, 1763); Crossopriza lyoni (Blackwall, 1867); and Smeringopus pallidus (Blackwall, 1858). Also excluded are Australian records of Smeringopus natalensis Lawrence, 1947. Note that the southern group ranges into the southern Arabian Peninsula but the respective blue dots are covered by orange dots." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.81.e86793.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/807789" pageId="0" pageNumber="179">2</figureCitation>
|
||
):
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Simon" baseAuthorityYear="1898" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Cenemus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cenemus culiculus" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="culiculus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="179">Cenemus culiculus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Simon, 1898) (
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Mahé">Mahe</normalizedToken>
|
||
and Silhouette);
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Pholcidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. silhouette" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="179" rank="species" species="silhouette">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="179">C. silhouette</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Saaristo, 2001 (Silhouette); and
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Pholcidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. mikehilli" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="179" rank="species" species="mikehilli">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="179">C. mikehilli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Saaristo, 2002 (La Digue and Marianne). All available evidence suggests that
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Saaristo, 2001 (Family Pholcidae C. L. Koch" authorityYear="1850" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Cenemus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cenemus" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="179">Cenemus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is indeed restricted to the Granitic Seychelles. Given the size of the spider and the easily visible large webs, it seems very unlikely that
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Saaristo, 2001 (Family Pholcidae C. L. Koch" authorityYear="1850" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Cenemus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cenemus" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="179">Cenemus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has been overlooked in other regions.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/asp.81.e86793.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/807789" pageId="0" pageNumber="179" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="179">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="179">Figure 2.</emphasis>
|
||
Known distributions of the northern and southern groups of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1893" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="179" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Smeringopinae">Smeringopinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
and of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Saaristo, 2001 (Family Pholcidae C. L. Koch" authorityYear="1850" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Cenemus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cenemus" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="179">Cenemus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Excluded from this map are three widely distributed synanthropic species:
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Scopoli" baseAuthorityYear="1763" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Holocnemus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Holocnemus pluchei" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pluchei">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="179">Holocnemus pluchei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Scopoli, 1763);
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Blackwall" baseAuthorityYear="1867" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Crossopriza" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crossopriza lyoni" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lyoni">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="179">Crossopriza lyoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Blackwall, 1867); and
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Blackwall" baseAuthorityYear="1858" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Smeringopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Smeringopus pallidus" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pallidus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="179">Smeringopus pallidus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Blackwall, 1858). Also excluded are Australian records of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lawrence" authorityYear="1947" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Smeringopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Smeringopus natalensis" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="natalensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="179">Smeringopus natalensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Lawrence, 1947. Note that the southern group ranges into the southern Arabian Peninsula but the respective blue dots are covered by orange dots.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/asp.81.e86793.figures3-4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/807790" pageId="0" pageNumber="179" start="Figures 3–4" startId="F3">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="179">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="179">Figures 3-4.</emphasis>
|
||
Typical habitat of
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Simon" baseAuthorityYear="1898" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Cenemus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cenemus culiculus" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="culiculus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="179">Cenemus culiculus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Simon, 1898) on
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Mahé">Mahe</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Casse Dent (arrow points at preferred microhabitat of adults), and web of
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Pholcidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. culiculus" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="179" rank="species" species="culiculus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="179">C. culiculus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Mahé">Mahe</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Bel Ombre).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |