treatments-xml/data/3A/50/96/3A50961781B90DB0061A641F0851CA3F.xml
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<mods:title id="07BD1A5DC49099F725E85B37FC5D7F87">Scarabaeinae dung beetles from Ecuador: a catalog, nomenclatural acts, and distribution records</mods:title>
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<treatment id="3A50961781B90DB0061A641F0851CA3F" ID-GBIF-Taxon="154127575" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3A50961781B90DB0061A641F0851CA3F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3A50961781B90DB0061A641F0851CA3F" lastPageId="225" lastPageNumber="226" pageId="223" pageNumber="224">
<subSubSection id="976844E2C9C44520AB166EF094C2A587" pageId="223" pageNumber="224" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8C6984AB089AF6582F7827F52BF34930" pageId="223" pageNumber="224">
<taxonomicName id="FDE0A35276FDCCD3167C100E4FB410FB" ID-CoL="4W3LN" authority="Schmidt, 1920" authorityName="Schmidt" authorityYear="1920" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Scybalocanthon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scybalocanthon maculatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="223" pageNumber="224" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculatus">Scybalocanthon maculatus (Schmidt, 1920)</taxonomicName>
Plate 50A
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="38CFDB8F8C502EA9700DF821081B9E06" pageId="224" pageNumber="225" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="6F6DD9CC0F31B942017545093F040ADD" pageId="224" pageNumber="225">
<taxonomicName id="B83BA2C2A15DFA9AEEC286B8D05D1F0A" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Canthon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Canthon maculatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="224" pageNumber="225" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculatus">
<pageBreakToken id="537FC1269955772CE42FA2FC3065ABFB" pageId="224" pageNumber="225" start="start">Canthon</pageBreakToken>
maculatus
</taxonomicName>
Schmidt, 1920: 127 (original description. Type locality: Sante
<normalizedToken id="9A7997CD8526F2822F417FB7A17CC1FF" originalValue="Jnéz">Jnez</normalizedToken>
[= Santa
<normalizedToken id="CB1F1B7BE5460013173E5560B93B677E" originalValue="Inés">Ines</normalizedToken>
], Ecuador).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0E965D3A606477FF871F6D6D7CF2A178" pageId="224" pageNumber="225">
<taxonomicName id="4C02020D508A12A06B58639974FF3CF7" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Canthon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Canthon maculatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="224" pageNumber="225" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculatus">Canthon maculatus</taxonomicName>
:
<bibRefCitation id="580BBDF9EFD826DB70731E9A91CF9C10" author="Schmidt, A" journalOrPublisher="Archiv fuer Naturgeschichte" pageId="277" pageNumber="278" pagination="61 - 103" title="Bestimungstabelle der mir bekannten Canthon-arten. 2: Verbretungsgebiete de Canthon-arten. 3: Neubeschreibungen von Canthon), Saprosites, Mendidius, Euparia und Ataenius." volume="88" year="1922">Schmidt 1922</bibRefCitation>
: 77 (distribution);
<bibRefCitation id="299C9C261FB2E01884CF14DE7FF2B21F" author="Balthasar, V" journalOrPublisher="Folia zoologica et hydrobiologica" pageId="261" pageNumber="262" pagination="179 - 238" title="Eine vorstudie zur monographie der gattung Canthon Hffsg." volume="9" year="1939 d">Balthasar 1939d</bibRefCitation>
: 193 (characters in key);
<bibRefCitation id="CA9D492D632933EDD8397BDCCDC3417B" author="Carvajal, V" journalOrPublisher="Quito, Ecuado" pageId="264" pageNumber="265" title="Escarabajos del Ecuador. Principales generos. Instituto de Ciencias Biologicas. Escuela Politecnica Nacional. Serie Entomologia, Nro. 1." year="2011">Carvajal et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
: 314-315 (cited for Ecuador);
<bibRefCitation id="E4C5EFCB1FB99D49E835577183B0DE34" pageId="224" pageNumber="225">Krajcik 2012</bibRefCitation>
: 64 (complete list of species).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A69BE578DBDD1AEA23FB7129D8760628" pageId="224" pageNumber="225">
<taxonomicName id="EDF90C8FE0AD8E6A3A067D7EDC621AC5" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Canthon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Canthon maculatum" order="Coleoptera" pageId="224" pageNumber="225" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculatum">Canthon maculatum</taxonomicName>
:
<bibRefCitation id="AF19E886273B86324EAEAF8048773F04" author="Blackwelder, RE" journalOrPublisher="National Museum Bulletin" pageId="262" pageNumber="263" pagination="189 - 341" title="Checklist of the coleopterous insects of Mexico, Central America, West Indies and South America. Part 2." volume="185" year="1944">Blackwelder 1944</bibRefCitation>
: 200 (list of species from Latin America).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4F22067D928FBB9FABA43E505E4330DB" pageId="224" pageNumber="225">
<taxonomicName id="BC04BF4CE7F44CFC1DAEF21D6A3F95CB" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Scybalocanthon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scybalocanthon maculatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="224" pageNumber="225" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculatus">Scybalocanthon maculatus</taxonomicName>
:
<bibRefCitation id="A00162053621CD975A1A1E37E4A861D2" author="Pereira, FS" journalOrPublisher="Revista Brasileira de Entomologia" pageId="275" pageNumber="276" pagination="91 - 192" title="Os generos de Canthonini Americanos." volume="6" year="1956 a">
Pereira and
<normalizedToken id="366AF41DAD736917B9D0A02D311DE46C" originalValue="Martínez">Martinez</normalizedToken>
1956a
</bibRefCitation>
: 115 (characters in key), 119 (cited as n. comb.);
<bibRefCitation id="5837D292AB314FC2EAA5E599A8B8405B" author="Vulcano, MA" journalOrPublisher="Entomologische Arbeiten aus dem Museum G Frey" pageId="279" pageNumber="280" pagination="570 - 685" title="Catalogue of the Canthonini (Col. Scarab.). Inhabiting the western hemisphere." volume="15" year="1964">Vulcano and Pereira 1964</bibRefCitation>
: 638 (catalog of species);
<bibRefCitation id="847F728B37ABCF4EEAAEB5825F0CEC39" author="Vulcano, MA" journalOrPublisher="Atas do Simposio sobre a Biota Amazonica" pageId="279" pageNumber="280" pagination="533 - 603" title="Sinopse dos Passalidae e Scarabaeidae s. str. da regiao amazonica (Insecta, Coleoptera)." volume="5" year="1967">Vulcano and Pereira 1967</bibRefCitation>
: 555 (catalog of species);
<bibRefCitation id="22B8B9A123DFB966E38DEA074488A945" author="Halffter, G" journalOrPublisher="Folia Entomologica Mexicana" pageId="268" pageNumber="269" pagination="29 - 107" title="Revision monografica de los Canthonina Americanos IV. Clave para generos y subgeneros." volume="38" year="1977">
Halffter and
<normalizedToken id="286CEBD0F01CEBC149033223DDD3C303" originalValue="Martínez">Martinez</normalizedToken>
1977
</bibRefCitation>
: 68 (cited as
<taxonomicName id="B39FD163A520BB4930DF275FD9007FDB" family="Scarabaeidae" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="S. macultatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="224" pageNumber="225" rank="species" species="macultatus">S. macultatus</taxonomicName>
(Schmidt), list of species);
<bibRefCitation id="52D48629ED313FFE3F8573AA4F398C1F" author="Carvajal, V" journalOrPublisher="Quito, Ecuado" pageId="264" pageNumber="265" title="Escarabajos del Ecuador. Principales generos. Instituto de Ciencias Biologicas. Escuela Politecnica Nacional. Serie Entomologia, Nro. 1." year="2011">Carvajal et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
: 316-317 (cited for Ecuador);
<bibRefCitation id="0068D633A9821603D1B80482EE57B326" author="Chamorro, W" journalOrPublisher="Revista Colombiana de Entomologi ́ a" pageId="264" pageNumber="265" pagination="72 - 100" title="Listado de especies y clave de ge ́ neros y subge ́ neros de escarabajos estercoleros (Coleoptera: Scarabaei- dae: Scarabaeinae) presentes y presuntos para Ecuador." url="https://doi.org/10.25100/socolen.v44i1.6545" volume="44" year="2018">Chamorro et al. 2018</bibRefCitation>
: 98 (cited for Ecuador);
<bibRefCitation id="AF484FB2562EEFF7CFBD0FE0C86F5A6A" author="Vaz-de-Mello, FZ" journalOrPublisher="Spixiana" pageId="278" pageNumber="279" pagination="33 - 76" title="The type specimens of South American dung beetles. Part I: On the species described in the genus Canthon Hoffmannsegg, 1817 by the German entomologist Adolf Schmidt (1856 - 1923) (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Scarabaeinae)." volume="41" year="2018 b">Vaz-de-Mello and Cupello 2018b</bibRefCitation>
: 45 (cited for Ecuador), 46 (figure 29).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C6C87BE8D26BD7D64A05827307B934E6" lastPageId="225" lastPageNumber="226" pageId="224" pageNumber="225" type="type specimens">
<paragraph id="AD51B5B314726DAC2CBD5E7E9F072326" pageId="224" pageNumber="225">Type specimens.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="036AF6B854AE52AB1FEF9E222099AB22" pageId="224" pageNumber="225">
<taxonomicName id="002398119B7ACAFADF6683A13606493B" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Canthon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Canthon maculatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="224" pageNumber="225" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculatus">Canthon maculatus</taxonomicName>
Schmidt, 1920. Thirteen syntypes examined deposited at the NMHU, ZMHB, and SMTD (see
<bibRefCitation id="E394331596C452FE0B9AF7D0F3CD0FBC" author="Vaz-de-Mello, FZ" journalOrPublisher="Spixiana" pageId="278" pageNumber="279" pagination="33 - 76" title="The type specimens of South American dung beetles. Part I: On the species described in the genus Canthon Hoffmannsegg, 1817 by the German entomologist Adolf Schmidt (1856 - 1923) (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Scarabaeinae)." volume="41" year="2018 b">Vaz-de-Mello and Cupello 2018b</bibRefCitation>
: 45-47). Lectotype to be designated in a future work on this species group.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="538581D2BFB477669D51D83230B51DF9" pageId="224" pageNumber="225">
Syntype (♂): &quot;Santa
<normalizedToken id="8BF3CB4FD1BA918840628D605612D436" originalValue="Jnéz">Jnez</normalizedToken>
/ (Ecuad.) / R.Haensch S. [p, black margin]&quot;, &quot;Typus [p, red label, black margin]&quot;, &quot;maculatus / Type m. [hw]&quot;, &quot;Typ. [p]&quot;, &quot;9846 / E92 + [p, red label]&quot;.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9393649F83BD7A4DDE35A350C5FCAEC2" pageId="224" pageNumber="225">
Syntype (♂): &quot;Santa
<normalizedToken id="0C8F26F390BAC40641A7D3FA7CF6DADF" originalValue="Jnéz">Jnez</normalizedToken>
/ (Ecuad.) / R.Haensch S. [p, black margin]&quot;, &quot;9843 / E92 + [p, red label]&quot;, &quot;Scybalocanhton / maculatus (Schm) / P. Pereira det. 60 [p and hw, black margin]&quot;.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="465FF65861F684B2337F24EC21D2C3EF" pageId="224" pageNumber="225">
Syntype (♂): &quot;Santa
<normalizedToken id="E0204CC0EF653B23530CCE9E356933B1" originalValue="Jnéz">Jnez</normalizedToken>
/ (Ecuad.) / R.Haensch S. [p, black margin]&quot;, &quot;9842 / E92 + [p, red label]&quot;, &quot;Scybalocanhton / maculatus (Schm) / P. Pereira det. 60 [p and hw, black margin]&quot;.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="54F5BA9115D52ED19CD74D65F35632A4" pageId="224" pageNumber="225">
Syntype (♀): &quot;Santa
<normalizedToken id="823F07B652EF635C423A183FBBF10450" originalValue="Jnéz">Jnez</normalizedToken>
/ (Ecuad.) / R.Haensch S. [p, black margin]&quot;, &quot;9842 / E92 + [p, red label]&quot;.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E9C9ADD70D8FCB87DEE12593FF1C31F2" pageId="224" pageNumber="225">
Syntype (♀): &quot;Santa
<normalizedToken id="AFF5386EE9BD8C621F687DCEC20A0CC4" originalValue="Jnéz">Jnez</normalizedToken>
/ (Ecuad.) / R.Haensch S. [p, black margin]&quot;, &quot;9844 / E92 + [p, red label]&quot;, &quot;26 / 56 [p and hw, pink label]&quot;.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="72123670780CA77DAA9EBDA169CE1FB4" pageId="225" pageNumber="226">
<pageBreakToken id="E274FA88F76E90F39E9EBBD425D970A0" pageId="225" pageNumber="226" start="start">Syntype</pageBreakToken>
(♂): &quot;Santa
<normalizedToken id="D18C8E8A90EAD73D886392E2448B3059" originalValue="Jnéz">Jnez</normalizedToken>
/ (Ecuad.) / R.Haensch S. [p, black margin]&quot;, &quot;[one face, p] 106947 [oposite face, hw] 106947&quot;.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BBFDE0D8452B3D4D3F0F704671360085" pageId="225" pageNumber="226">Syntype (♂): &quot;Ecuador / Baron [p]&quot;, &quot;Coll. C. Felsche / Kauf 20, 1918 [p, green label, black margin]&quot;.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8E7AC0B654C361514192929D904537C5" pageId="225" pageNumber="226">
Syntype (♂): &quot;Santa
<normalizedToken id="E4DFBD55EA5C334985000941E102093E" originalValue="Jnéz">Jnez</normalizedToken>
/ (Ecuad.) / R.Haensch S. [p, black margin]&quot;, &quot;Coll. C. Felsche / Kauf 20, 1918 [p, green label, black margin]&quot;.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F51B86AAC1FC9112C9F30EAA32B8BAFA" pageId="225" pageNumber="226">
Syntype (♀): &quot;Santa
<normalizedToken id="C7B09E6EAA0DB0910BF076C3A9EF5D96" originalValue="Jnéz">Jnez</normalizedToken>
/ (Ecuad.) / R.Haensch S. [p, black margin]&quot;, &quot;106947 [hw]&quot;, &quot;Canthon / maculatus / n. sp. a. Schmidt [hw]&quot;.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4A73D26497C03C9874A985082F9599DC" pageId="225" pageNumber="226">Syntype (♂): &quot;Ecuador / 5255 [hw, green label]&quot;, &quot;Canthon / maculatus / n. sp. a. Schmidt [hw]&quot;.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="90C05336BC845E384C3064A5854E324C" pageId="225" pageNumber="226">
Syntype (♀): &quot;Santa
<normalizedToken id="5A0A24C2E3D1BD8156A5D2449220563B" originalValue="Jnéz">Jnez</normalizedToken>
/ (Ecuad.) / R.Haensch S. [p, black margin]&quot;, &quot;Coll. C. Felsche / Kauf 20, 1918 [p, green label, black margin]&quot;.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4B9467F8914DAF9F0638C246CAE93CA0" pageId="225" pageNumber="226">Syntype (♀): &quot;Ecuador / Baron [p]&quot;, &quot;Coll. C. Felsche / Kauf 20, 1918 [p, green label, black margin]&quot;.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="47C8C764903E7A9325A352FA7F3FB618" pageId="225" pageNumber="226">
Syntype (♀): &quot;Santa
<normalizedToken id="8D2BB5643C97DC1C1BCB26C80D30DE70" originalValue="Jnéz">Jnez</normalizedToken>
/ (Ecuad.) / R.Haensch S. [p, black margin]&quot;, &quot;Coll. C. Felsche / Kauf 20, 1918 [p, green label, black margin]&quot;, &quot;Canthon / maculatus / n. sp. a. Schmidt [hw]&quot;, &quot;Typus [p, red label]&quot;.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="8EC735E5F7C55A69DE592E85E34C9E91" pageId="225" pageNumber="226" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="02308DDDCF53832AD7F73EBE4C98BE65" pageId="225" pageNumber="226">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5CC59F57D2AF63712C4380DF1CADE981" pageId="225" pageNumber="226">Only known from Ecuador.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="95B4AC3810D7B5FD3E847DC9CAA674B0" pageId="225" pageNumber="226" type="records examined">
<paragraph id="E33085DA4B7A57F248A39E40ABD4D21C" pageId="225" pageNumber="226">Records examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D9629122640178D4BB254018686F89F9" pageId="225" pageNumber="226">
NAPO: Cosanga
<normalizedToken id="B487E61540C590459AF3E5D9B893F72D" originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
Cosanga, 2000 m (1 specimen MQCAZ); El Salado, Rio Malo, 1315 m (1 specimen MQCAZ); Los Guacamayos Piviyacu, 1800 m (1 specimen CEMT); Pacto Sumaco, 1620 m (4 specimens MUTPL);
<normalizedToken id="9657F522EEC48A42E836D2C1391E30F5" originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="4FF33552E3483CC79ED879C8F1D4FAEE" originalValue="Hollín">Hollin</normalizedToken>
, 1100 m (3 specimens CEMT);
<normalizedToken id="EA134891748A310ECEB3D416C3CF684C" originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
Jondachi, La Merced de Jondachi, 1175 m (3 specimens CEMT); San Rafael (1 specimen MQCAZ); road
<normalizedToken id="E5043E610202494311E7C7379F2152AB" originalValue="Hollín-Loreto">Hollin-Loreto</normalizedToken>
km 7 (1 specimen MQCAZ). PASTAZA: Mera,
<normalizedToken id="DDFD9EF06A1DE3BA5BBA9DCDF0ACEA84" originalValue="Estación">Estacion</normalizedToken>
Pindo Mirador UTE, 1000 m (2 specimens CEMT). TUNGURAHUA: 4.3 km E de
<normalizedToken id="6EC8AAA78B7D85E778434F327A1491D5" originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
Negro, 1200 m (2 specimens CEMT);
<normalizedToken id="84B8D327DED063F919F33B1640BBF606" originalValue="Baños">Banos</normalizedToken>
El Topo, 1590 m (20 specimens CEMT).
<normalizedToken id="ABFDB2BB763F5A3D91EB3E0680DC9DF3" originalValue="SUCUMBÍOS">SUCUMBIOS</normalizedToken>
: El Reventador (1 specimen MQCAZ); Gonzalo Pizarro, Simon Bolivar, 1200 m (4 specimens MECN); Lumbaqui (1 specimen MQCAZ). UNDETERMINED PROVINCE: Santa
<normalizedToken id="0C430742EF6C2D20902B43F6D1AF613A" originalValue="Inés">Ines</normalizedToken>
(5 specimens NMRS; 3 specimens SMTD; 2 specimens ZMHB); without specific locality (3 specimens SMTD).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="62AC36056332F931CCF9B15449630473" pageId="225" pageNumber="226" type="literature records">
<paragraph id="8E3D7F86E8630D05D816763DCC2ED9C5" pageId="225" pageNumber="226">Literature records.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="71FDF1240D4176C85FF17F6C29CD9D88" pageId="225" pageNumber="226">
UNDETERMINED PROVINCE: Santa Inez (
<bibRefCitation id="9CCDD6BC0B2AF03FDEC834C5BDC95A32" author="Vaz-de-Mello, FZ" journalOrPublisher="Spixiana" pageId="278" pageNumber="279" pagination="33 - 76" title="The type specimens of South American dung beetles. Part I: On the species described in the genus Canthon Hoffmannsegg, 1817 by the German entomologist Adolf Schmidt (1856 - 1923) (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Scarabaeinae)." volume="41" year="2018 b">Vaz-de-Mello and Cupello 2018b</bibRefCitation>
: 45-46); without specific locality (
<bibRefCitation id="D61A93E22F2295F0B6BC7A6C7A4D31D3" author="Vaz-de-Mello, FZ" journalOrPublisher="Spixiana" pageId="278" pageNumber="279" pagination="33 - 76" title="The type specimens of South American dung beetles. Part I: On the species described in the genus Canthon Hoffmannsegg, 1817 by the German entomologist Adolf Schmidt (1856 - 1923) (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Scarabaeinae)." volume="41" year="2018 b">Vaz-de-Mello and Cupello 2018b</bibRefCitation>
: 47).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="27C1B7AEE9526A56E3C214A6D653D8F9" pageId="225" pageNumber="226" type="temporal data">
<paragraph id="6F4ED9F6052145C84B6A0FB4E2E6E0D1" pageId="225" pageNumber="226">Temporal data.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F387870556E2C80BC77610A4747B057B" pageId="225" pageNumber="226">Collected in January, May, April, June, August, and December.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="BB4FBEC56C1120A44846B40A8D58F58C" pageId="225" pageNumber="226" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="A2E1CC540B29C2D5AC1C5FBF761047CB" pageId="225" pageNumber="226">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6C577B1790085A54282D2C82311B9422" pageId="225" pageNumber="226">Inhabits the evergreen foothill forests and evergreen lower montane forests across the Amazonian range from 1000-1800 m a.s.l. Collected with pitfall traps baited with human feces.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>