169 lines
15 KiB
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169 lines
15 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.691.13174" ID-GBIF-Dataset="72f37a70-a388-4489-b497-8dbab6f60125" ID-PMC="PMC5672664" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-691-1" ID-PubMed="29200921" ID-ZBK="3F1D9389849D4DBABAF6C262BE3DBA22" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2017" ModsDocID="1313-2970-691-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 691" ModsDocTitle="New species and new records of earthworms of the genus Drawida from Kerala part of the Western Ghats biodiversity hotspot, India (Oligochaeta, Moniligastridae)" checkinTime="1503007175479" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Narayanan, S. Prasanth, Sathrumithra, S., Christopher, G. & Julka, J. M." docDate="2017" docId="3A4802E57706F67E322FCB04CA0F5923" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 691: 1-18" docOrigin="ZooKeys 691" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.691.13174" docTitle="Drawida polydiverticulata Narayanan & Julka, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="90E6A8F1-6BBD-4598-A93B-777BAF638391" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="3" masterDocId="0B58363AFF87FFB0FFD3FFF02C66FFE7" masterDocTitle="New species and new records of earthworms of the genus Drawida from Kerala part of the Western Ghats biodiversity hotspot, India (Oligochaeta, Moniligastridae)" masterLastPageNumber="18" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1668164698985" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>New species and new records of earthworms of the genus Drawida from Kerala part of the Western Ghats biodiversity hotspot, India (Oligochaeta, Moniligastridae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Narayanan, S. Prasanth</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Sathrumithra, S.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Christopher, G.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Julka, J. M.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2017</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>691</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>18</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.691.13174</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.691.13174</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-691-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">3F1D9389849D4DBABAF6C262BE3DBA22</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">3F1D9389849D4DBABAF6C262BE3DBA22</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="132785417" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:90E6A8F1-6BBD-4598-A93B-777BAF638391" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3A4802E57706F67E322FCB04CA0F5923" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="3" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/90E6A8F1-6BBD-4598-A93B-777BAF638391" authority="Narayanan & Julka" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Drawida polydiverticulata" order="Oligochaeta" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="polydiverticulata">Drawida polydiverticulata Narayanan & Julka</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="1">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Holotype. Clitellate (Reg. no. ZSI/WGRC/IR/INV-8835), Meenthottychola (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="10.172611">10°10'21.4"N</geoCoordinate>
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;
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="77.03397">77°02'2.3"E</geoCoordinate>
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) in Eravikulam National Park, Idukki District, Kerala State, India, 2010 m a.s.l., stream side in shola forest, 22 November 2016, S.P. Narayanan, S. Sathrumithra and G. Christopher coll.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Paratype. 6 clitellate (Reg. no. ZSI/WGRC/IR/INV-8836); same collection data as for holotype.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Other material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Two aclitellate (ACESSD/EW/721), Pullaradichola (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="10.192611">10°11'33.4"N</geoCoordinate>
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;
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="77.20269">77°12'9.7"E</geoCoordinate>
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) in Anamudi Shola National Park, Idukki District, Kerala State, India, 2113 m a.s.l., from the side of a water logged area within grassland, where recently the exotic wattle plantations has been clear felled, 25 May 2013, S.P. Narayanan, T. Augustine, A. Sasi and S. Sathrumithra coll.; 3 aclitellate (ACESSD/EW/722), Mattuchola (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="10.241305">10°14'28.7"N</geoCoordinate>
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;
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="77.236916">77°14'12.9"E</geoCoordinate>
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) in Chinnar Wildlife Sanctuary, Idukki District, Kerala State, India, 1954 m a.s.l., stream side in a grassland, 24 November 2013, T. Augustine, D. Kuriakose, S. Sathrumithra and S.P. Narayanan coll.; 4 aclitellate (ACESSD/EW/723), Pettymudy forest camp shed area (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="10.174084">10°10'26.7"N</geoCoordinate>
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;
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="77.02378">77°01'25.6"E</geoCoordinate>
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) in Eravikulam National Park, Idukki District, Kerala State, India, 1966 m a.s.l., stream side within shola forest, 21 November 2016, S.P. Narayanan, S. Sathrumithra and G. Christopher coll.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="3" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Length 50-73 mm, diameter 4-5 mm, segments 120-136. Colour bluish. Male pores in 10/11, at centres of oval porophores, at about mid bc. Spermathecal pores in 7/8 at c lines. Genital markings absent. Gizzards number 3-5 in 12-17. Coiled vas deferens mass about one fourth to half of testis sac; vas passing directly into prostate dorsally at about its middle. Prostates glandular ovate and erect, prostatic capsule club-shaped. Spermathecal atria erect in segment 7, each with 4-6 ental lobes. Nephridiopores aligned with d.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="1" lastPageNumber="2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Description. Colour bluish (bluish pigmentation in circular muscle layer); body circular in cross section. Dimension: Holotype - 73 mm by 4 mm at segment 9, 120 segments; paratypes - 50-72 mm by 4-5 mm at segment 9, 125-136 segments. Setae lumbricine, closely paired, present from segment 2; setal formula aa = 8-15.2 ab = 1.05-1.95 bc = 13.33-19 cd = 0.28-0.45 dd at segment 8, aa = 11.5-12.67 ab = 0.92-1.08 bc = 9.2-9.5 cd = 0.26-0.31 dd at segment 20. Clitellum annular, at segments 10-13 (4 segments), intersegmental furrows distinct, colour reddish. Spermathecal pores paired, small transverse slits, with tumescent lips, at intersegmental furrow 7/8, aligned with setae c; males pores paired, minute, at intersegmental furrow 10/11,
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<pageBreakToken pageId="1" pageNumber="2" start="start">each</pageBreakToken>
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pore at centre of oval porophore at about mid bc (Fig. 1A, B). Genital markings absent. Nephridiopores present from segment 3, aligned with setae d.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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Septa 5/6/7/8/9 slightly muscular. Gizzards 4 in segments 12-15 (holotype), smallest in segment 12 increasing in size progressively; number variable in other specimens, 3 in segments 12-14 or 13-15 (Meenthottychola specimens), 3 in segments 13-15 or 4 in segments 12-15 (Pettymudy specimens), 4 in segments 13-16 (Pullaradichola specimens), 5 in segments 13-17 (Mattuchola specimens); intestine begins in segment 22
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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1. Last pair of hearts in segment 9; commissures of extra oesophageal vessels present on posterior face of septa 8/9 and 9/10. Testis sacs paired, mostly in segment
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<pageBreakToken pageId="2" pageNumber="3" start="start">10</pageBreakToken>
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, extending to segment 11; vas deferens long, coiled in a number of hairpin loops aggregated to form a mass about one fourth to half the size of testis sac, passing directly into prostate dorsally at about its middle. Prostates paired, glandular, ovate, erect (may be bent on itself anteriorly or posteriorly) (Fig. 1C); prostatic capsule smooth, club shaped (Fig. 1D); prostatic duct short, slender, narrowed before entering parietes. Spermathecae paired in segment 8; atrium erect in segment 7 and with 4-6 ental lobes arranged in two groups (Fig. 1E, F), spermathecal duct discharges at junction of common ducts of two groups. Ovarian chamber complete, ovisacs short, extending to segment 12-13. Nephridia holoic, avesiculate; functional at segment 10.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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Figure 1.
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<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Drawida polydiverticulata" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="polydiverticulata">Drawida polydiverticulata</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. A Holotype - ventral view B Paratype - ventral view C Prostate - ventral view (gland uplifted) D Prostatic capsule - dorsal view E Spermathecal atria - dorsal view F Spermathecal atria - ventral view. Abbreviations: Atr. - Atrium; Atr.D. - Atrial duct; Pr.C. - Prostatic capsule; Prs. - Prostate; Pr.D. - Prostatic duct; Sep. - Septum; Sp.D. - Spermathecal duct; Sp.P. - Spermathecal pore; Vd - Vas deferens.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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The specific epithet '
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<taxonomicName lsidName="polydiverticulata" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" rank="species" species="polydiverticulata">polydiverticulata</taxonomicName>
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' is after multi-lobed condition of spermathecal atrium.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="type locality">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Type locality.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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Meenthottychola (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="10.172611">10°10'21.4"N</geoCoordinate>
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;
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="77.03397">77°02'2.3"E</geoCoordinate>
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) in Eravikulam National Park, Idukki District, Kerala State, India, 2010 m a.s.l., 23 km away from Munnar town, stream side in shola forest. Common vegetation of this region is dominated by
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Syzygium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Syzygium arnottianum" order="Myrtales" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="arnottianum">Syzygium arnottianum</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aquifoliaceae" genus="Ilex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Ilex denticulata" order="Aquifoliales" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="denticulata">Ilex denticulata</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName genus="Michaelia" lsidName="Michaelia nilagirica" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" rank="species" species="nilagirica">Michaelia nilagirica</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Elaeocarpaceae" genus="Elaeocarpus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Elaeocarpus recurvatus" order="Oxalidales" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="recurvatus">Elaeocarpus recurvatus</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Celastraceae" genus="Microtropis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Microtropis ramiflora" order="Celastrales" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ramiflora">Microtropis ramiflora</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="ingesta">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Ingesta.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Coagulum comprising of mineralized soil, rootlets, tiny pieces of bark and leaves.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="3">India: Kerala: District Idukki: Meenthottychola and Pettymudy in Eravikulam National Park, Pullaradichola in Anamudi Shola National Park and Mattuchola in Chinnar Wildlife Sanctuary (Fig. 2).</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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Figure 2. Distribution of newly described and reported
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<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Drawida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">Drawida</taxonomicName>
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species from Kerala.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="habitat">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Habitat.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Shola forest in vicinity of streams; near to stagnant pools or streams in grass lands.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Drawida polydiverticulata" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="polydiverticulata">Drawida polydiverticulata</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. is distinguishable from all the known species of the genus in having spermathecal atrium with more than two lobes. In one specimen from Pettymudy, spermatheca on right side with one branch of atrium along with lobes extends to segment 8.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |