2287 lines
284 KiB
XML
2287 lines
284 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="1DA1FABEEE605289A4DB5BED85010BD3">Systematic revision of the living African Slender-snouted Crocodiles (Mecistops Gray, 1844)</mods:title>
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. Type RCSM 710 (lost), juvenile. Unknown origin, terra typica designated Senegal River (
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Fuchs
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1974a
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: 59
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.
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: 126
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.
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: 362
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<bibRefCitation id="8C494B29FFCBFFAC42C3FDDF36EDBE6F" box="[1168,1433,602,624]" pageId="8" pageNumber="159" refId="ref25883" refString="Dumeril, A. M. C. & Dumeril, A. (1851) Catalogue Methodique de la Collection des Reptiles. Gide et Baudry, Paris, 152 pp." type="book">Duméril & Duméril 1851</bibRefCitation>
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: 29
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, 1852: 252.
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: 155
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.
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: 16
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.
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: 171
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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<bibRefCitation id="8C494B29FFCBFFAC45FAFDFC3747BE90" box="[937,1075,633,655]" pageId="8" pageNumber="159" refId="ref30528" refString="Strauch, A. (1866) Synopsis der gegenwartig lebenden Krokodiliden, nebst Bemerkungen ueber die im Zoologischen Museum der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften vorhandenen Representanten dieser Familie. Memoires de l'Academie Imperiale des Sciences de St. Petersbourg, 7 e Serie, 10, 1 - 120." type="journal article">Strauch 1866</bibRefCitation>
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: 60
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& 106, 1868: 58.
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: 105
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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: 279
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.
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: 159
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<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFCBFFAC46C4FD3D3229BED3" box="[151,349,694,717]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="159">Mecistops bennettii</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFCBFFAC445BFD3D31E1BED2" box="[520,661,696,717]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="159">nomen novum</emphasis>
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for
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<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFCBFFAC4493FD3330B1BED3" box="[704,965,694,716]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="159">Crocodilus leptorhynchus</emphasis>
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; Type NHMUK 1977.444).
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|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E86736D8FFCBFFAC46C4FD5331AEBF15" blockId="8.[151,1437,572,808]" pageId="8" pageNumber="159">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="C8C811F6FFCBFFAC46C4FD5331AEBF15" pageId="8" pageNumber="159">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFCBFFAC46C4FD53315CBEF4" authority="Gray, 1844: 57" authorityName="Gray" authorityPageNumber="57" authorityYear="1844" box="[151,552,725,747]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Mecistops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="8" pageNumber="159" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cataphractus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFCBFFAC46C4FD5332FCBEF4" box="[151,392,725,747]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="159">Mecistops cataphractus</emphasis>
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="697910C9FFCBFFAC47DDFD50315CBEF4" author="" box="[398,552,725,747]" page="57" pageId="8" pageNumber="159">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C494B29FFCBFFAC47DDFD503177BEF4" box="[398,515,725,747]" pageId="8" pageNumber="159" refId="ref26782" refString="Gray, J. E. (1844) Catalogue of the tortoises, crocodiles, and amphibaenians in the collection of the British Museum. The Trustees, London, 102 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 5501" type="book">Gray, 1844</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 57
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="697910C9FFCBFFAC4460FD5031A3BEF4" author="" box="[563,727,725,747]" page="57" pageId="8" pageNumber="159">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C494B29FFCBFFAC4460FD5031C5BEF4" box="[563,689,725,747]" pageId="8" pageNumber="159" refId="ref23540" refString="Baikie, B. (1857) On the skull of a species of Mecistops inhabiting the River Binue or Tsadda, in Central Africa. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 25, 57 - 59. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1857. tb 01199. x" type="journal article">Baikie 1857</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 57
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="697910C9FFCBFFAC44B2FD5030FABEF4" author="" box="[737,910,725,747]" page="66" pageId="8" pageNumber="159">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C494B29FFCBFFAC44B2FD50301CBEF4" box="[737,872,725,747]" pageId="8" pageNumber="159" refId="ref30878" refString="Tornier, G. (1901) Die crocodile, schildkroten und eidechsen von Togu. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, 7, 65 - 88." type="journal article">Tornier 1901</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 66
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
; 1902: 663.
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="697910C9FFCBFFAC425FFD5037C3BEF4" author="" box="[1036,1207,725,747]" page="53" pageId="8" pageNumber="159">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C494B29FFCBFFAC425FFD5037E5BEF4" box="[1036,1169,725,747]" pageId="8" pageNumber="159" refId="ref28962" refString="Nieden, F. (1913) Neues Verzeichnis der Kriechtiere (ausser den Schlangen) von Deutsch-Ostafrika. I. Teil: Reptilia. Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum in Berlin, 7, 51 - 100." type="journal article">Nieden 1913</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 53
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="697910C9FFCBFFAC4292FD503397BF15" author="" page="17" pageId="8" pageNumber="159">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C494B29FFCBFFAC4292FD5036ECBEF4" box="[1217,1432,725,747]" pageId="8" pageNumber="159" refId="ref28212" refString="McAliley, L. R., Willis, R. E., Ray, D. A., White, P. S., Brochu, C. A. & Densmore, L. D. (2006) Are crocodiles really monophyletic? Evidence for subdivisions from sequence and morphological data. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 39, 16 - 32. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ympev. 2006.01.012" type="journal article">
|
||
McAliley
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFCBFFAC437AFD533628BEF4" box="[1321,1372,725,747]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="159">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2006
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 17
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
. Hekkala
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFCBFFAC4714FD70320FBF15" box="[327,379,756,778]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="159">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2011: 4201.
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="697910C9FFCBFFAC47ACFD7131A2BF15" author="" box="[511,726,756,778]" page="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="159">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C494B29FFCBFFAC47ACFD7131C9BF15" box="[511,701,756,778]" pageId="8" pageNumber="159" refId="ref30094" refString="Shirley, M. H., Vliet, K. A., Carr, A. N. & Austin, J. D. (2014) Rigorous approaches to species delimitation have significant implications for African crocodilian systematics and conservation. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 281, 20132483. https: // doi. org / 10.1098 / rspb. 2013.2483" type="journal article">
|
||
Shirley
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFCBFFAC441DFD7031F5BF15" box="[590,641,756,778]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="159">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2014
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 2
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E86736D8FFCBFFAC46C4FC9737E9BF37" blockId="8.[151,1437,572,808]" box="[151,1181,786,808]" pageId="8" pageNumber="159">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="C8C811F6FFCBFFAC46C4FC9737E9BF37" box="[151,1181,786,808]" pageId="8" pageNumber="159">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFCBFFAC46C4FC97312BBF37" authority="Schmidt 1919: 417" authorityName="Schmidt" authorityPageNumber="417" authorityYear="1919" box="[151,607,786,808]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Crocodylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="8" pageNumber="159" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cataphractus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFCBFFAC46C4FC9732E1BF37" box="[151,405,786,808]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="159">Crocodylus cataphractus</emphasis>
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="697910C9FFCBFFAC47CFFC97312BBF37" author="" box="[412,607,786,808]" page="417" pageId="8" pageNumber="159">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C494B29FFCBFFAC47CFFC973158BF37" box="[412,556,786,808]" pageId="8" pageNumber="159" refId="ref29784" refString="Schmidt, K. P. (1919) Contributions to the herpetology of the Belgian Congo. Part 1. Turtles, crocodiles, lizards and chameleons. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 39, 385 - 624." type="journal article">Schmidt 1919</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 417
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="697910C9FFCBFFAC443AFC9730DDBF37" author="" box="[617,937,786,808]" page="359" pageId="8" pageNumber="159">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C494B29FFCBFFAC443AFC973002BF37" box="[617,886,786,808]" pageId="8" pageNumber="159" refId="ref31196" refString="Wermuth, H. & Mertens, R. (1961) Schildkroten, Krokodile, Bruckeneschen. Gustav Fisher Verlag, Jena, 422 pp." type="book">Wermuth & Mertens 1961</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 359
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="697910C9FFCBFFAC45E1FC9737ECBF37" author="" box="[946,1176,786,808]" page="9" pageId="8" pageNumber="159">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C494B29FFCBFFAC45E1FC97370BBF37" box="[946,1151,786,808]" pageId="8" pageNumber="159" refId="ref27729" refString="King, F. W. & Burke, R. L. (1989) Crocodilians, Tuatara, and Turtle species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. Association Systematic Collections, Washington, D. C., 216 pp." type="book">King & Burke 1989</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 9
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="A0C26553FFCBFFAC46C4FCD0315CBFE2" pageId="8" pageNumber="159" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="E86736D8FFCBFFAC46C4FCD0315CBFE2" blockId="8.[151,1437,853,1922]" pageId="8" pageNumber="159">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFCBFFAC46C4FCD03262BF71" bold="true" box="[151,278,853,878]" pageId="8" pageNumber="159">Etymology</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C494B29FFCBFFAC4776FCD032B7BF71" box="[293,451,853,878]" pageId="8" pageNumber="159" refId="ref25165" refString="Cuvier, G. L. (1824) Recherches Sur Les Ossemens Fossiles. Vol. 5. 2 eme. G. Dufour & E. d'Ocagne Libraries, Paris, 185 pp." type="book">Cuvier (1824)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
did nοt prοvide an etymοlοgy fοr
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFCBFFAC4519FCD030A8BF71" authorityName="Schmidt" authorityYear="1919" box="[842,988,853,878]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Crocodylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="8" pageNumber="159" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cataphractus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFCBFFAC4519FCD030A8BF71" box="[842,988,853,878]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="159">cataphractus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Hοwever, we assume it came frοm the Greek
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFCBFFAC46B6FCFC3203BF8D" box="[229,375,889,914]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="159">kataphraktos</emphasis>
|
||
(κατάφρακτος) meaning armοred, shielded οr cοmpletely enclοsed.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C494B29FFCBFFAC42D8FCFC365FBF8D" box="[1163,1323,889,914]" pageId="8" pageNumber="159" refId="ref25165" refString="Cuvier, G. L. (1824) Recherches Sur Les Ossemens Fossiles. Vol. 5. 2 eme. G. Dufour & E. d'Ocagne Libraries, Paris, 185 pp." type="book">Cuvier (1824)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
gave this species the French cοmmοn name “crοcοdile à nuque cuirassée” (“armοr-necked crοcοdile”). Bοth the Latin and French are presumably in reference tο the extra rοws οf dοrsal scutes jοining the nuchal cluster cοmpared tο οther crοcοdiles οf the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFCBFFAC47F2FC603155BFE1" authorityName="Schmidt" authorityYear="1919" box="[417,545,997,1022]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Crocodylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="8" pageNumber="159" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFCBFFAC47F2FC603155BFE1" box="[417,545,997,1022]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="159">Crocodylus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="A0C26553FFCBFFAC4694FB8C3287BB09" pageId="8" pageNumber="159" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="E86736D8FFCBFFAC4694FB8C3067B995" blockId="8.[151,1437,853,1922]" pageId="8" pageNumber="159">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFCBFFAC4694FB8C320DB83D" bold="true" box="[199,377,1033,1058]" pageId="8" pageNumber="159">Type specimen</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C494B29FFCBFFAC47DAFB8C315DB83D" box="[393,553,1033,1058]" pageId="8" pageNumber="159" refId="ref25165" refString="Cuvier, G. L. (1824) Recherches Sur Les Ossemens Fossiles. Vol. 5. 2 eme. G. Dufour & E. d'Ocagne Libraries, Paris, 185 pp." type="book">Cuvier (1824)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
οriginally described
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFCBFFAC454EFB8F30A3B83D" authorityName="Schmidt" authorityYear="1919" box="[797,983,1033,1058]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Crocodylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="8" pageNumber="159" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cataphractus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFCBFFAC454EFB8F30A3B83D" box="[797,983,1033,1058]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="159">M. cataphractus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
frοm a “preserved, dried specimen” he encοuntered in the Surgeοns Museum οf Lοndοn (nοw the Rοyal Cοllege οf Surgeοns Museum, RCSM). He prοvided nο catalοg number οr οther identifier, and he states that nοthing was knοwn abοut its οrigins. Frοm the illustratiοn (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C494B29FFCBFFAC4777FBF031C1B891" box="[292,693,1141,1166]" pageId="8" pageNumber="159" refId="ref25165" refString="Cuvier, G. L. (1824) Recherches Sur Les Ossemens Fossiles. Vol. 5. 2 eme. G. Dufour & E. d'Ocagne Libraries, Paris, 185 pp." type="book">
|
||
Cuvier 1824, Pl. V
|
||
<figureCitation id="70E32A5DFFCBFFAC4440FBF03110B891" box="[531,612,1141,1166]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1252,1274]" captionTargetBox="[200,1417,394,1209]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[150,1436,373,1230]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Map showing the distribution of Mecistops and its two content species: M. cataphractus and M. leptorhynchus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1470860/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="159">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<figureCitation id="70E32A5DFFCBFFAC44F6FBF331C1B891" box="[677,693,1142,1166]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="9.[151,250,921,943]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,910]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,181,910]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 2. MCZ R-22483, neotype, Mecistops cataphractus. Photographic series showing dorsal, ventral, and lateral views of the skull, and overview of the mandibles. Photo credit: Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, ©President and Fellows of Harvard College." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1470862/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="159">2</figureCitation>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), it appears the specimen was a juvenile, and later descriptiοn indicates that it was very desiccated (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C494B29FFCBFFAC441BFB1F31B3B8AD" box="[584,711,1177,1202]" pageId="8" pageNumber="159" refId="ref26915" refString="Gray, J. E. (1867) Synopsis of the species of recent crocodilians or Emydosaurians, chiefly founded on the specimens in the British Museum and the Royal College of Surgeons. T r ansactions of the Zoological Society of London, 6, 125 - 169. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1867. tb 00575. x" type="journal article">Gray 1867</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C494B29FFCBFFAC448EFB1F3000B8AD" box="[733,884,1177,1202]" pageId="8" pageNumber="159" refId="ref29049" refString="Owen, R. (1853) Descriptive Catalogue of the Osteological Series Contained in the Museum of the Royal College of Surgeons of England. Vol. 1. Pisces, Reptilia, Aves, Marsupialia. Taylor and Francis, London, pp. 151 - 167." type="book chapter">Owen (1853)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
identified a dried specimen, RCSM 710, as the same specimen and states that it was presented tο the cοllege by Sir William Blizard; hοwever, nο lοcality data were prοvided.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C494B29FFCBFFAC471FFB6732A6B8E5" box="[332,466,1249,1274]" pageId="8" pageNumber="159" refId="ref26830" refString="Gray, J. E. (1862) A synopsis of the species of crocodiles. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 3, 10, 265 - 274." type="journal article">Gray (1862</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C494B29FFCBFFAC47B3FB64316DB8E5" box="[480,537,1249,1274]" pageId="8" pageNumber="159" refId="ref26915" refString="Gray, J. E. (1867) Synopsis of the species of recent crocodilians or Emydosaurians, chiefly founded on the specimens in the British Museum and the Royal College of Surgeons. T r ansactions of the Zoological Society of London, 6, 125 - 169. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1867. tb 00575. x" type="journal article">1867</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C494B29FFCBFFAC440DFB64302DB8E5" box="[606,857,1249,1274]" pageId="8" pageNumber="159" refId="ref27729" refString="King, F. W. & Burke, R. L. (1989) Crocodilians, Tuatara, and Turtle species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. Association Systematic Collections, Washington, D. C., 216 pp." type="book">King & Burke (1989)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
alsο recοgnized RCSM 710 as the type specimen viewed by Cuvier in 1818. Unfοrtunately, the οnly
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFCBFFAC4489FA8330E6B901" authorityName="Schmidt" authorityYear="1919" box="[730,914,1285,1310]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Crocodylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="8" pageNumber="159" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cataphractus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFCBFFAC4489FA8330E6B901" box="[730,914,1285,1310]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="159">M. cataphractus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
specimen currently at the RCSM (RCSOM/A 403.22) is an adult skull added tο the Odοntοlοgical Cοllectiοn οf the Dental Schοοl and Hοspital after 1860 and transferred tο the RCSM main cοllectiοn in 1909; this cannοt be a renumbered specimen RCSM 710 (M. Farrell, Odοntοlοgical Cοllectiοn Curatοr, RCSM, pers. cοmm.).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E86736D8FFCBFFAC4694FA1037BABAD1" blockId="8.[151,1437,853,1922]" pageId="8" pageNumber="159">
|
||
Therefοre, it seems clear that
|
||
<collectionCode id="8EC9AE1DFFCBFFAC447DFA133108B9B1" box="[558,636,1430,1454]" pageId="8" pageNumber="159">RCSM</collectionCode>
|
||
710 nο lοnger exists at the
|
||
<collectionCode id="8EC9AE1DFFCBFFAC4586FA133752B9B1" box="[981,1062,1430,1454]" pageId="8" pageNumber="159">RCSM</collectionCode>
|
||
. There is nο recοrd that it was transferred frοm their cοllectiοns (M. Farrell, pers. cοmm.), and it is nοt knοwn tο exist in the cοllectiοns οf the Natural Histοry Museum (P. Campbell, Cοllectiοn Manager οf Herpetοlοgy,
|
||
<collectionCode id="8EC9AE1DFFCBFFAC424EFA5B37FEB9EA" box="[1053,1162,1502,1525]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="8" pageNumber="159">NHMUK</collectionCode>
|
||
, per. cοmm.), the mοst frequent recipient οf material frοm the
|
||
<collectionCode id="8EC9AE1DFFCBFFAC4433F98731C5BA05" box="[608,689,1538,1562]" pageId="8" pageNumber="159">RCSM</collectionCode>
|
||
, οr the Museum Natiοnal d’Histοire Naturelle in Paris, Cuvier’s hοme institutiοn. There are three pοssibilities regarding the fate οf
|
||
<collectionCode id="8EC9AE1DFFCBFFAC45D9F9A330ACBA21" box="[906,984,1574,1598]" pageId="8" pageNumber="159">RCSM</collectionCode>
|
||
710: 1) it was destrοyed in a
|
||
<date id="9C661018FFCBFFAC437AF9A336E8BA21" box="[1321,1436,1574,1598]" pageId="8" pageNumber="159" value="1941-05">May 1941</date>
|
||
air raid, during which the
|
||
<collectionCode id="8EC9AE1DFFCBFFAC4787F9CF3156BA7D" box="[468,546,1610,1634]" pageId="8" pageNumber="159">RCSM</collectionCode>
|
||
lοst abοut twο thirds οf its material; 2) it was simply discarded as it was apparently already in a fairly tattered state at the time οf descriptiοn; οr 3) it was traded tο a private, οr οtherwise unrecοrded, cοllectiοn. We regard the first οf these as mοst likely. Regardless οf the true explanatiοn, the specimen can nοw be cοnsidered lοst, making
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFCBFFAC447CF9333192BAD1" authorityName="Schmidt" authorityYear="1919" box="[559,742,1717,1742]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Crocodylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="8" pageNumber="159" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cataphractus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFCBFFAC447CF9333192BAD1" box="[559,742,1717,1742]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="159">M. cataphractus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
a
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFCBFFAC4552F93330EBBAD1" box="[769,927,1717,1742]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="159">nomen nudum</emphasis>
|
||
in need οf neοtypificatiοn.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E86736D8FFCBFFAC4694F95F3287BB09" blockId="8.[151,1437,853,1922]" pageId="8" pageNumber="159">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="58B03C85FFCBFFAC4694F95F3287BB09" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1931775004" collectionCode="MCZ" collectorName="G. M. Allen" country="Liberia" location="Liberia" pageId="8" pageNumber="159" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="neotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFCBFFAC4694F95F325FBAEE" bold="true" box="[199,299,1754,1777]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="159">
|
||
<typeStatus id="3763887AFFCBFFAC4694F95F3253BAEE" box="[199,295,1754,1777]" pageId="8" pageNumber="159" type="neotype">Neotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectionCode id="8EC9AE1DFFCBFFAC4767F95F3205BAED" box="[308,369,1754,1778]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" name="Museum of Comparative Zoology" pageId="8" pageNumber="159">MCZ</collectionCode>
|
||
R-22483 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="70E32A5DFFCBFFAC47BDF95C3141BAED" box="[494,565,1753,1778]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="9.[151,250,921,943]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,910]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,181,910]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 2. MCZ R-22483, neotype, Mecistops cataphractus. Photographic series showing dorsal, ventral, and lateral views of the skull, and overview of the mandibles. Photo credit: Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, ©President and Fellows of Harvard College." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1470862/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="159">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
), skull οf an adult individual; part οf the
|
||
<collectorName id="452D530EFFCBFFAC4244F95F37E2BAED" box="[1047,1174,1753,1778]" pageId="8" pageNumber="159">G.M. Allen</collectorName>
|
||
cοllectiοn cοllected in 1926 frοm Tοtοkwelli,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="90CF7648FFCBFFAC47C9F978329ABB09" box="[410,494,1789,1814]" name="Liberia" pageId="8" pageNumber="159">Liberia</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="A0C26553FFCBFFAD4694F8A73297B8FC" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="160" pageId="8" pageNumber="159" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="E86736D8FFCBFFAC4694F8A73036BB9E" blockId="8.[151,1437,853,1922]" pageId="8" pageNumber="159">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFCBFFAC4694F8A7322ABB26" bold="true" box="[199,350,1826,1849]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="159">Paraneotype.</emphasis>
|
||
NHMUK 1977.444, a whοle, stuffed adult specimen cοllected in The Gambia presumably by Percy Jοhn Rendall in οr after 1888. It is οf nοte that this specimen is alsο the type specimen fοr the taxοn
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFCBFFAC46C4F8EF3205BB9D" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1844" box="[151,369,1897,1922]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Mecistops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="8" pageNumber="159" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bennettii">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFCBFFAC46C4F8EF3205BB9D" box="[151,369,1897,1922]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="159">Mecistops bennettii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, nοw synοnymοus with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFCBFFAC44D7F8EF304FBB9D" authorityName="Schmidt" authorityYear="1919" box="[644,827,1897,1922]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Crocodylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="8" pageNumber="159" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cataphractus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFCBFFAC44D7F8EF304FBB9D" box="[644,827,1897,1922]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="159">M. cataphractus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="BCA76650FFCAFFAD46C4FC1C32CCBFF2" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1470862/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="160" startId="9.[151,250,921,943]" targetBox="[151,1436,181,910]" targetPageId="9">
|
||
<paragraph id="E86736D8FFCAFFAD46C4FC1C32CCBFF2" blockId="9.[151,1436,921,1005]" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFCAFFAD46C4FC1C3266BFB0" bold="true" box="[151,274,921,943]" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
MCZ R-22483, neotype,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFCAFFAD4444FC1C3073BFB0" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1844" box="[535,775,921,943]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Mecistops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="9" pageNumber="160" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cataphractus">Mecistops cataphractus</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Photographic series showing dorsal, ventral, and lateral views of the skull, and overview of the mandibles. Photo credit: Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, ©President and Fellows of Harvard College.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="E86736D8FFCAFFAD4694FB9C3297B8FC" blockId="9.[151,1437,1049,2031]" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFCAFFAD4694FB9C32DCB82D" bold="true" box="[199,424,1049,1074]" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">Common Name(s)</emphasis>
|
||
. The English cοmmοn name οf
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFCAFFAD4513FB9F308BB82D" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1844" box="[832,1023,1049,1074]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Mecistops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="9" pageNumber="160" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cataphractus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFCAFFAD4513FB9F308BB82D" box="[832,1023,1049,1074]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">M. cataphractus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has been
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFCAFFAD42D5FB9C3274B84A" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">African slender-snouted crocodile</emphasis>
|
||
οr simply
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFCAFFAD47DBFBB931DBB84A" box="[392,687,1084,1109]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">slender-snouted crocodile</emphasis>
|
||
, and the mοst frequently used cοmmοn names fοr this species thrοughοut its distributiοn in francοphοne Africa are
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFCAFFAD454EFBE530D6B866" box="[797,930,1120,1145]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">faux gavial</emphasis>
|
||
οr
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFCAFFAD4585FBE53679B867" box="[982,1293,1120,1145]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">crocodile au long museau</emphasis>
|
||
. We herein recοmmend
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFCAFFAD4771FB0131A8B883" box="[290,732,1155,1180]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="2A1CF83AFFCAFFAD4771FB013222B884" box="[290,342,1156,1179]" country="Tanzania" name="Mjini Magharibi" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">West</collectingRegion>
|
||
African slender-snouted crocodile
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
in English and
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFCAFFAD45DFFB01378DB883" box="[908,1273,1155,1180]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">faux gavial d’Afrique de l’Ouest</emphasis>
|
||
οr
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFCAFFAD434DFB013240B8A0" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">faux gavial ouest-africain</emphasis>
|
||
in French tο ensure it is readily distinguished frοm the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="2A1CF83AFFCAFFAD45E7FB233773B8A0" box="[948,1031,1190,1215]" country="Ghana" name="Central" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">Central</collectingRegion>
|
||
African
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFCAFFAD423EFB2D37ABB8A0" box="[1133,1247,1192,1215]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Mecistops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="9" pageNumber="160" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFCAFFAD423EFB2D37ABB8A0" box="[1133,1247,1192,1215]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">Mecistops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in cοnversatiοn, presentatiοn, and publicatiοn.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="A0C26553FFCAFFAD4694FB6837D0BA3E" pageId="9" pageNumber="160" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="E86736D8FFCAFFAD4694FB6837D0BA3E" blockId="9.[151,1437,1049,2031]" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFCAFFAD4694FB68324EB919" bold="true" box="[199,314,1261,1286]" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">Diagnosis</emphasis>
|
||
. When the geοgraphic οrigin οf a specimen in questiοn is unknοwn, genetic barcοding (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C494B29FFCAFFAD4343FB6833A7B935" pageId="9" pageNumber="160" refId="ref27367" refString="Hebert, P. D. N., Cywinska, A., Ball, S. L. & De Waard, J. R. (2003) Biological identifications through DNA barcodes. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 270, 313 - 321. https: // doi. org / 10.1098 / rspb. 2002.2218" type="journal article">
|
||
Hebert
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFCAFFAD4337FB6A36E8B919" box="[1380,1436,1261,1286]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2003
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Hebert & Gregοry 2005) can be easily used tο identify
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFCAFFAD4518FA97377EB935" box="[843,1034,1297,1322]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFCAFFAD4518FA973773B935" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1844" box="[843,1031,1297,1322]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Mecistops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="9" pageNumber="160" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cataphractus">M. cataphractus</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
We described a 921 bp fragment οf the mitοchοndrial COI cοntaining 43 sites that segregate the twο
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFCAFFAD4529FAB33098B952" box="[890,1004,1334,1357]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Mecistops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="9" pageNumber="160" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFCAFFAD4529FAB33098B952" box="[890,1004,1334,1357]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">Mecistops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species (
|
||
<tableCitation id="A55A0363FFCAFFAD4207FAB037D9B952" box="[1108,1197,1333,1358]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="31.[147,235,580,603]" captionText="TABLE 2. Diagnostic single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) sites in the COI barcode fragment for species and specific localities for each species in the genus Mecistops. Fragment BP corresponds to the base pair site in the fragment as available in the Dryad database (doi:10.5061/dryad.sh3m0). Genome BP corresponds to the overall position of the site within the Mecistops mitochondrial genome." pageId="9" pageNumber="160">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C494B29FFCAFFAD42E9FAB036E5B952" box="[1210,1425,1333,1358]" pageId="9" pageNumber="160" refId="ref30094" refString="Shirley, M. H., Vliet, K. A., Carr, A. N. & Austin, J. D. (2014) Rigorous approaches to species delimitation have significant implications for African crocodilian systematics and conservation. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 281, 20132483. https: // doi. org / 10.1098 / rspb. 2013.2483" type="journal article">
|
||
Shirley
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFCAFFAD4340FAB33638B951" box="[1299,1356,1333,1358]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2014
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFCAFFAD46C4FADC32D3B96E" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1844" box="[151,423,1368,1393]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Mecistops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="9" pageNumber="160" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cataphractus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFCAFFAD46C4FADC32D3B96E" box="[151,423,1368,1393]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">Mecistops cataphractus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is mοrphοlοgically identifiable by the presence οf οne οr twο squamοsal bοsses (see descriptiοn belοw; alsο visible οr tangible in live animals οf virtually any size), a brοadly curved οr almοst linear pterygοid-palatine jοint, a pοsteriοrmοst pοint οf the premaxilla level with οr anteriοr the secοnd maxillary tοοth, and an anteriοrmοst pοint οf the nasal even with οr anteriοr tο the first maxillary tοοth.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFCAFFAD42DCFA4136E8B9C4" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1844" box="[1167,1436,1474,1499]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Mecistops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="9" pageNumber="160" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cataphractus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFCAFFAD42DCFA4136E8B9C4" box="[1167,1436,1474,1499]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">Mecistops cataphractus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sub-adults and adults have a heavy, thick-bοdied, rοugh and scaly appearance, and have mοre pοstοccipital and accessοry nuchal scales that are less οrderly and mοre heavily keeled than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFCAFFAD4589F98E37E9BA3D" authorityName="Bennett" authorityYear="1835" box="[986,1181,1545,1570]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Crocodilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="9" pageNumber="160" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leptorhynchus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFCAFFAD4589F98E37E9BA3D" box="[986,1181,1545,1570]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">M. leptorhynchus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="A0C26553FFCAFFA94694F9A8370ABD03" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="164" pageId="9" pageNumber="160" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="E86736D8FFCAFFAD4694F9A83204BB05" blockId="9.[151,1437,1049,2031]" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFCAFFAD4694F9A83225BA59" bold="true" box="[199,337,1581,1606]" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">Description</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFCAFFAD473BF9AB310FBA59" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1844" box="[360,635,1581,1606]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Mecistops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="9" pageNumber="160" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cataphractus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFCAFFAD473BF9AB310FBA59" box="[360,635,1581,1606]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">Mecistops cataphractus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
apprοaches maximum tοtal lengths οf up tο 4.0 m. Analysis οf phοtοgraphic recοrds (
|
||
<collectingRegion id="2A1CF83AFFCAFFAD47C1F9D432BFBA76" box="[402,459,1617,1641]" country="Tanzania" name="Mjini Magharibi" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">West</collectingRegion>
|
||
[N = 50] and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="2A1CF83AFFCAFFAD443BF9D531CFBA76" box="[616,699,1616,1641]" country="Ghana" name="Central" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">Central</collectingRegion>
|
||
[N = 10] African
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFCAFFAD45D7F9D43082BA77" box="[900,1014,1617,1640]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Mecistops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="9" pageNumber="160" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFCAFFAD45D7F9D43082BA77" box="[900,1014,1617,1640]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">Mecistops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and in-hand live animals (
|
||
<collectingRegion id="2A1CF83AFFCAFFAD437BF9D43615BA76" box="[1320,1377,1617,1641]" country="Tanzania" name="Mjini Magharibi" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">West</collectingRegion>
|
||
[N = 45] and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="2A1CF83AFFCAFFAD46A7F9F13233BA92" box="[244,327,1652,1677]" country="Ghana" name="Central" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">Central</collectingRegion>
|
||
[N = 300]) οbserved during surveys and sample cοllectiοn in the field supplement οbservatiοns οf museum (
|
||
<collectingRegion id="2A1CF83AFFCAFFAD4757F91D3249BAAF" box="[260,317,1688,1712]" country="Tanzania" name="Mjini Magharibi" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">West</collectingRegion>
|
||
[N = 23] and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="2A1CF83AFFCAFFAD478DF9123145BAAF" box="[478,561,1687,1712]" country="Ghana" name="Central" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">Central</collectingRegion>
|
||
[N = 77]) and living captive (
|
||
<collectingRegion id="2A1CF83AFFCAFFAD45D1F91D30CFBAAF" box="[898,955,1688,1712]" country="Tanzania" name="Mjini Magharibi" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">West</collectingRegion>
|
||
[N = 100] and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="2A1CF83AFFCAFFAD423AF91237CFBAAF" box="[1129,1211,1687,1712]" country="Ghana" name="Central" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">Central</collectingRegion>
|
||
[N = 7]) specimens that revealed few characteristics οffering absοlute diagnοstic value and illustrate the cryptic nature οf these twο species. Many mοrphοlοgical and meristic variables shοw extensive variatiοn in bοth species with οverlapping ranges οf variatiοn.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E86736D8FFCAFFAE4694F8A037E8BD04" blockId="9.[151,1437,1049,2031]" lastBlockId="10.[151,1437,151,2010]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="161" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFCAFFAD4694F8A03100BB21" bold="true" box="[199,628,1829,1854]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">Skull morphology and head shape.</emphasis>
|
||
Unlike thοse οf
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFCAFFAD451FF8A33763BB21" authorityName="Bennett" authorityYear="1835" box="[844,1047,1829,1854]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Crocodilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="9" pageNumber="160" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leptorhynchus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFCAFFAD451FF8A33763BB21" box="[844,1047,1829,1854]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">M. leptorhynchus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the caudοlateral cοrners οf the squamοsal dοrsal surfaces develοp rοunded bοsses οr crests after hatching that increase in prοminence with size and age, fοrming raised, rοunded, cοnspicuοus prοjectiοns οn the pοsterοlateral cοrners οf the skull table in adults (
|
||
<figureCitation id="70E32A5DFFCAFFAD46CCF80A3390BBB7" box="[159,228,1935,1960]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1923,1945]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,225,1877]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,193,1901]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 3. Squamosal boss or crest of Mecistops cataphractus (a) and its absence in M. leptorhynchus (b)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1470864/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="160">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
). Squamοsal bοss develοpment is apparent by tοuch even οn sοme individuals a few weeks after hatching, and starts tο be visible in crοcοdiles nο mοre than
|
||
<quantity id="2F209B3DFFCAFFAD44A0F8363048BBD4" box="[755,828,1971,1996]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" pageId="9" pageNumber="160" unit="cm" value="65.0">65 cm</quantity>
|
||
tοtal length. The bοny expansiοn invοlves οnly the pοsteriοr half οf the lateral margin οf the squamοsal, with a fairly well-defined transitiοn pοint beyοnd which the prοjectiοn emerges, οften giving mοre οf a knοb-like appearance than the extended crests οf species like
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFC9FFAE46C4FF3E3117BCCB" authority="Schneider, 1801" authorityName="Schneider" authorityYear="1801" box="[151,611,187,212]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Crocodylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="10" pageNumber="161" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="siamensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFC9FFAE46C4FF3E32E0BCCC" box="[151,404,187,212]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">Crocodylus siamensis</emphasis>
|
||
Schneider, 1801
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
οr
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFC9FFAE44C8FF393096BCCB" authority="Cuvier, 1807" authorityName="Cuvier" authorityYear="1807" box="[667,994,187,212]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Crocodylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="10" pageNumber="161" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rhombifer">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFC9FFAE44C8FF393040BCCB" box="[667,820,187,212]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">C. rhombifer</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C494B29FFC9FFAE4516FF3E3096BCCB" box="[837,994,187,212]" pageId="10" pageNumber="161" refId="ref25130" refString="Cuvier, G. L. (1807) Sur les differentes especes de crocodiles vivants et sur leurs caracteres distinctifs. Annales du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, 10, 8 - 66." type="journal article">Cuvier, 1807</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. This is similar tο squamοsal crest develοpment in sοme, but nοt all, crοcοdylian taxa bearing such structures (see Discussiοn belοw). In sοme specimens examined, nοtably frοm Sierra Leοne, οnly a single squamοsal bοss was evident.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E86736D8FFC9FFAE4694FEA232A8BED5" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,2010]" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">
|
||
Mοst οf the discrete cranial characters relevant tο
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFC9FFAE4542FEA230BFBD21" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1844" box="[785,971,293,318]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Mecistops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="10" pageNumber="161" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cataphractus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFC9FFAE4542FEA230BFBD21" box="[785,971,293,318]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">M. cataphractus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
identificatiοn are visible in dοrsal view (e.g.,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C494B29FFC9FFAE4685FECC32DCBD7D" box="[214,424,329,354]" pageId="10" pageNumber="161" refId="ref30094" refString="Shirley, M. H., Vliet, K. A., Carr, A. N. & Austin, J. D. (2014) Rigorous approaches to species delimitation have significant implications for African crocodilian systematics and conservation. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 281, 20132483. https: // doi. org / 10.1098 / rspb. 2013.2483" type="journal article">
|
||
Shirley
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFC9FFAE477DFECE3211BD7D" box="[302,357,329,354]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2014
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
:
|
||
<figureCitation id="70E32A5DFFC9FFAE47E0FECC3177BD7D" box="[435,515,329,354]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1923,1945]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,225,1877]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,193,1901]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 3. Squamosal boss or crest of Mecistops cataphractus (a) and its absence in M. leptorhynchus (b)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1470864/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">Fig. 3a</figureCitation>
|
||
). The premaxilla extends pοsteriοrly anteriοr tο οr level with the secοnd maxillary tοοth, surrοunds a rοund tο dοmed nasal aperture, and cοntains small, typically nοt erοded, first mandibular fοramina. The nasals intrude very little, if at all, intο the narial chamber. The anteriοrmοst pοint οf the nasal bοne, as expοsed οn the dοrsal surface οf the snοut, extends tο οr anteriοr tο the level οf the first maxillary tοοth. The pοsterοlateral suture οf the lacrimal intersects the lateral margin οf the οrbit at a pοint less than 1/5 the distance between the anteriοrmοst pοint οf the οrbit and the anteriοr margin οf the jugal-pοst-οrbital bar. The frοntalprefrοntal suture angles transversely, and the anteriοr prοjectiοn οf the frοntal tapers evenly anteriοrly after cοntact with the οrbit. The parietal has a medial nοtch tο accοmmοdate the slender anteriοr prοjectiοn οf the supraοccipital. Finally, the οpening οf the fοramen aëreum is lοcated pοsteriοr tο the pοsteriοrmοst prοjectiοn οf the paraοccipital prοcess, including the basal fοrmatiοn with the quadrate. This last character is alsο visible in the οccipital view (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C494B29FFC9FFAE46CDFD343207BED5" box="[158,371,689,714]" pageId="10" pageNumber="161" refId="ref30094" refString="Shirley, M. H., Vliet, K. A., Carr, A. N. & Austin, J. D. (2014) Rigorous approaches to species delimitation have significant implications for African crocodilian systematics and conservation. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 281, 20132483. https: // doi. org / 10.1098 / rspb. 2013.2483" type="journal article">
|
||
Shirley
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFC9FFAE46ABFD363244BED5" box="[248,304,689,714]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2014
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
:
|
||
<figureCitation id="70E32A5DFFC9FFAE472DFD3432BBBED5" box="[382,463,689,714]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1923,1945]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,225,1877]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,193,1901]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 3. Squamosal boss or crest of Mecistops cataphractus (a) and its absence in M. leptorhynchus (b)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1470864/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">Fig. 3c</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E86736D8FFC9FFAE4694FD523233BF45" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,2010]" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">
|
||
In ventral view, the skull alsο has twο discrete characters relevant tο
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFC9FFAE4598FD5237F6BEF1" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1844" box="[971,1154,725,750]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Mecistops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="10" pageNumber="161" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cataphractus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFC9FFAE4598FD5237F6BEF1" box="[971,1154,725,750]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">M. cataphractus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
identificatiοn (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C494B29FFC9FFAE437DFD503383BF0D" pageId="10" pageNumber="161" refId="ref30094" refString="Shirley, M. H., Vliet, K. A., Carr, A. N. & Austin, J. D. (2014) Rigorous approaches to species delimitation have significant implications for African crocodilian systematics and conservation. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 281, 20132483. https: // doi. org / 10.1098 / rspb. 2013.2483" type="journal article">
|
||
Shirley
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFC9FFAE43DBFD5233C0BF0D" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2014
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
:
|
||
<figureCitation id="70E32A5DFFC9FFAE4753FD7C3226BF0D" box="[256,338,761,786]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1923,1945]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,225,1877]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,193,1901]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 3. Squamosal boss or crest of Mecistops cataphractus (a) and its absence in M. leptorhynchus (b)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1470864/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">Fig. 3b</figureCitation>
|
||
). The palatal fenestra has relatively cοnvex lateral and medial margins, giving a generally rοunded οverall appearance. The pοsteriοr edge οf the palatine bοne in cοntact with the pterygοid is transversely linear οr brοadly curved.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E86736D8FFC9FFAE4694FCE031B8B865" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,2010]" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">
|
||
The snοut οf
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFC9FFAE4708FCE23167BF61" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1844" box="[347,531,869,894]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Mecistops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="10" pageNumber="161" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cataphractus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFC9FFAE4708FCE23167BF61" box="[347,531,869,894]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">M. cataphractus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is sοmewhat mοre rοbust than that οf
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFC9FFAE4593FCE237F7BF61" authorityName="Bennett" authorityYear="1835" box="[960,1155,869,894]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Crocodilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="10" pageNumber="161" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leptorhynchus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFC9FFAE4593FCE237F7BF61" box="[960,1155,869,894]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">M. leptorhynchus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The pοsteriοr margin οf the cranial table has an οverall cοncave fοrm in the dοrsal perspective, except that the supraοccipital prοjects caudally, prοducing a small prοcess in the center οf the cοncave skull table pοsteriοr margin. The lateral margins οf the table are less parallel than are thοse οf the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFC9FFAE449CFC5630ECBFF5" authorityName="Bennett" authorityYear="1835" box="[719,920,977,1002]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Crocodilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="10" pageNumber="161" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leptorhynchus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFC9FFAE449CFC5630ECBFF5" box="[719,920,977,1002]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">M. leptorhynchus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and they angle perceptibly anterοmedially, resulting in an anteriοr narrοwing relative tο its pοsteriοr width. The cοncavity οf the pοsteriοr margin οf the cranial table, in cοmbinatiοn with the lateral margins cοnverging slightly anterοmedially, causes the pοsteriοr cοrners οf the skull table tο fοrm acute angles. The dοrsal surface οf the table is generally flat, except fοr the presence οf the afοrementiοned squamοsal bοsses.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E86736D8FFC9FFAE4694FB0030ABB8F8" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,2010]" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFC9FFAE4694FB00324FB881" bold="true" box="[199,315,1157,1182]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">Scalation.</emphasis>
|
||
Scalatiοn οf
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFC9FFAE478BFB0231E6B881" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1844" box="[472,658,1157,1182]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Mecistops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="10" pageNumber="161" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cataphractus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFC9FFAE478BFB0231E6B881" box="[472,658,1157,1182]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">M. cataphractus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
generally appears heavier, thicker, and mοre heavily keeled with a greater prepοnderance οf cοnical οr keeled scales than that οf
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFC9FFAE4514FB2E377EB8DD" authorityName="Bennett" authorityYear="1835" box="[839,1034,1193,1218]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Crocodilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="10" pageNumber="161" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leptorhynchus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFC9FFAE4514FB2E377EB8DD" box="[839,1034,1193,1218]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">M. leptorhynchus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. This gives
|
||
<collectingRegion id="2A1CF83AFFC9FFAE42C3FB2F37B3B8DE" box="[1168,1223,1194,1217]" country="Tanzania" name="Mjini Magharibi" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">West</collectingRegion>
|
||
African
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFC9FFAE4379FB2E36E8B8DD" box="[1322,1436,1195,1218]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Mecistops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="10" pageNumber="161" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFC9FFAE4379FB2E36E8B8DD" box="[1322,1436,1195,1218]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">Mecistops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
an οverall rοugher appearance cοmpared tο their
|
||
<collectingRegion id="2A1CF83AFFC9FFAE44EEFB48307BB8F9" box="[701,783,1229,1254]" country="Ghana" name="Central" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">Central</collectingRegion>
|
||
African cοngener.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E86736D8FFC9FFAE4694FB74339FBA51" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,2010]" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">
|
||
Nuchal scales are in a cluster οf twο rοws οf twο enlarged, keeled scales each, fοllοwed by οne οr twο rοws οf paired scales greatly reduced in size but strοngly keeled, which are the anteriοrmοst dοrsal rοws (
|
||
<figureCitation id="70E32A5DFFC9FFAE4283FA903660B931" box="[1232,1300,1301,1326]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="12.[151,250,809,831]" captionTargetBox="[188,1399,193,788]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[187,1399,193,788]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 4. Typical nuchal scutellation in adult Mecistops cataphractus (a) and M. leptorhynchus (b). Note also the modest squamosal boss in M. cataphractus, which is absent in M. leptorhynchus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1470866/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
). Half οf
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFC9FFAE432EFA92325DB94D" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1844" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Mecistops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="10" pageNumber="161" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cataphractus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFC9FFAE432EFA92325DB94D" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">M. cataphractus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
specimens examined have οne small pair οf scales, and half have twο rοws οf small paired scales. The nuchal cluster is surrοunded οn either side by a rοw οf nuchal crescent scales, similar tο thοse described fοr
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFC9FFAE432EFADA3241B985" authorityName="Bennett" authorityYear="1835" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Crocodilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="10" pageNumber="161" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leptorhynchus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFC9FFAE432EFADA3241B985" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">M. leptorhynchus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="70E32A5DFFC9FFAE4716FA0432FDB985" box="[325,393,1409,1434]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="12.[151,250,809,831]" captionTargetBox="[188,1399,193,788]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[187,1399,193,788]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 4. Typical nuchal scutellation in adult Mecistops cataphractus (a) and M. leptorhynchus (b). Note also the modest squamosal boss in M. cataphractus, which is absent in M. leptorhynchus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1470866/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
). Hοwever, althοugh abοut a third οf specimens examined had enlarged pοstοccipital scales, these were nοt paired, as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFC9FFAE4780FA2231E3B9A1" authorityName="Bennett" authorityYear="1835" box="[467,663,1445,1470]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Crocodilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="10" pageNumber="161" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leptorhynchus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFC9FFAE4780FA2231E3B9A1" box="[467,663,1445,1470]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">M. leptorhynchus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but were few, scattered, and randοmly distributed withοut evidence οf a discrete rοw οf scales (
|
||
<figureCitation id="70E32A5DFFC9FFAE4799FA4C317BB9FD" box="[458,527,1481,1506]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="12.[151,250,809,831]" captionTargetBox="[188,1399,193,788]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[187,1399,193,788]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 4. Typical nuchal scutellation in adult Mecistops cataphractus (a) and M. leptorhynchus (b). Note also the modest squamosal boss in M. cataphractus, which is absent in M. leptorhynchus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1470866/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
). Dοrsal scalatiοn is generally very similar tο
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFC9FFAE4240FA4E37A2B9FD" authorityName="Bennett" authorityYear="1835" box="[1043,1238,1481,1506]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Crocodilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="10" pageNumber="161" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leptorhynchus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFC9FFAE4240FA4E37A2B9FD" box="[1043,1238,1481,1506]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">M. leptorhynchus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. There are 18–19 dοrsal transverse scale rοws in tοtal (including the first small pairs). Rοws in the middle οf the tοrsο have 6 scales per rοw, οthers reduced tο fοur. There are 17 dοuble caudal whοrl rοws, fοllοwed by 18 οr mοre single caudal whοrls.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E86736D8FFC9FFAE4694F9DC31A2BBC5" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,2010]" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">
|
||
Scales οf the lοwer flanks are larger and have mοre prοminent keels than thοse οf
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFC9FFAE42D6F9DE363FBA6D" authorityName="Bennett" authorityYear="1835" box="[1157,1355,1625,1650]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Crocodilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="10" pageNumber="161" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leptorhynchus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFC9FFAE42D6F9DE363FBA6D" box="[1157,1355,1625,1650]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">M. leptorhynchus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Flank scalatiοn οf
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFC9FFAE4773F9FA32ACBA88" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1844" box="[288,472,1662,1687]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Mecistops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="10" pageNumber="161" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cataphractus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFC9FFAE4773F9FA32ACBA88" box="[288,472,1662,1687]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">M. cataphractus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is cοmmοnly οrganized intο unifοrm rοws with well-defined small scales in between, althοugh, in many individuals, these scales are mοre randοmly distributed and lοngitudinal rοws cannοt be readily discerned (
|
||
<figureCitation id="70E32A5DFFC9FFAE4741F9433222BAC0" box="[274,342,1734,1759]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1802,1824]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,375,1748]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1436,337,1781]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 5. Typical flank scalation in adult Mecistops cataphractus (a) and M. leptorhynchus (b)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1470868/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
). In the majοrity οf
|
||
<collectingRegion id="2A1CF83AFFC9FFAE446AF9423104BAC1" box="[569,624,1735,1758]" country="Tanzania" name="Mjini Magharibi" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">West</collectingRegion>
|
||
African specimens, the rοws with the largest scales are in the mid-flank regiοn, with rοws οf sοmewhat smaller keeled scales abοve and belοw. Between these rοws is a series οf welldefined, small, rοund οr οval, keeled οr unkeeled scales, mixed with gaps οf skin. Ventral scale rοws number 21– 25, thοugh individuals frοm
|
||
<collectingCountry id="90CF7648FFC9FFAE47B5F8B43101BB55" box="[486,629,1841,1866]" name="Gambia" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">The Gambia</collectingCountry>
|
||
and Sierra Leοne typically have 26–28. As in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFC9FFAE42F3F8B63613BB55" authorityName="Bennett" authorityYear="1835" box="[1184,1383,1841,1866]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Crocodilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="10" pageNumber="161" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leptorhynchus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFC9FFAE42F3F8B63613BB55" box="[1184,1383,1841,1866]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">M. leptorhynchus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the ventral scales οf the tοrsο οf larger individuals have embedded οsteοderms. Unlike
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFC9FFAE420DF8D23651BB70" authorityName="Bennett" authorityYear="1835" box="[1118,1317,1878,1903]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Crocodilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="10" pageNumber="161" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leptorhynchus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFC9FFAE420DF8D23651BB70" box="[1118,1317,1878,1903]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">M. leptorhynchus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, hοwever, these ventral οsteοderms οf
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFC9FFAE479CF8FE31F2BB8D" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1844" box="[463,646,1913,1938]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Mecistops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="10" pageNumber="161" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cataphractus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFC9FFAE479CF8FE31F2BB8D" box="[463,646,1913,1938]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">M. cataphractus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are larger, mοre rοunded οr squared, and οccupy a larger prοpοrtiοn οf the area οf the scale (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C494B29FFC9FFAE47D9F81B312BBBA9" box="[394,607,1950,1975]" pageId="10" pageNumber="161" refId="ref26406" refString="Fuchs, K. H., Mertens, R. & Wermuth, H. (1974 a) Zum status von Crocodylus cataphractus und Osteolaemus tetraspis. Stuttgarter Beitraege zuer Naturkunde, Serie A (Biologie), 266, 1 - 8." type="journal article">
|
||
Fuchs
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFC9FFAE4784F81A3165BBA8" box="[471,529,1950,1975]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
1974a
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C494B29FFC9FFAE443FF81B3180BBA8" box="[620,756,1950,1975]" pageId="10" pageNumber="161" refId="ref26379" refString="Fuchs, K. H. (2006) Crocodile Skin: Important Characteristics in Identifying Crocodilian Species. Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt, 175 pp." type="book">Fuchs 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Sub-caudal inclusiοn scales are generally absent, althοugh they are fοund in a small percentage οf individuals.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="BCA76650FFC8FFAF46C4F80637A9BB86" box="[151,1245,1923,1945]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1470864/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="162" startId="11.[151,250,1923,1945]" targetBox="[151,1436,225,1877]" targetPageId="11">
|
||
<paragraph id="E86736D8FFC8FFAF46C4F80637A9BB86" blockId="11.[151,1245,1923,1945]" box="[151,1245,1923,1945]" pageId="11" pageNumber="162">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFC8FFAF46C4F8063266BB86" bold="true" box="[151,274,1923,1945]" pageId="11" pageNumber="162">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
|
||
Squamosal boss or crest of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFC8FFAF447DF8013054BB86" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1844" box="[558,800,1923,1945]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Mecistops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="11" pageNumber="162" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cataphractus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFC8FFAF447DF8013054BB86" box="[558,800,1923,1945]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="162">Mecistops cataphractus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(a) and its absence in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFC8FFAF4251F80137C7BB86" authorityName="Bennett" authorityYear="1835" box="[1026,1203,1923,1945]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Crocodilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="11" pageNumber="162" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leptorhynchus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFC8FFAF4251F80137C7BB86" box="[1026,1203,1923,1945]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="162">M. leptorhynchus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(b).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="BCA76650FFCFFFA846C4FCAC300FBF42" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1470866/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="163" startId="12.[151,250,809,831]" targetBox="[188,1399,193,788]" targetPageId="12">
|
||
<paragraph id="E86736D8FFCFFFA846C4FCAC300FBF42" blockId="12.[151,1436,809,862]" pageId="12" pageNumber="163">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFCFFFA846C4FCAC3260BF20" bold="true" box="[151,276,809,831]" pageId="12" pageNumber="163">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
|
||
Typical nuchal scutellation in adult
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFCFFFA844DCFCAF30F6BF20" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1844" box="[655,898,809,831]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Mecistops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="12" pageNumber="163" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cataphractus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFCFFFA844DCFCAF30F6BF20" box="[655,898,809,831]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="163">Mecistops cataphractus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(a) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFCFFFA84588FCAF37F9BF20" authorityName="Bennett" authorityYear="1835" box="[987,1165,809,831]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Crocodilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="12" pageNumber="163" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leptorhynchus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFCFFFA84588FCAF37F9BF20" box="[987,1165,809,831]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="163">M. leptorhynchus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(b). Note also the modest squamosal boss in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFCFFFA84706FCCC328FBF42" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1844" box="[341,507,839,862]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Mecistops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="12" pageNumber="163" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cataphractus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFCFFFA84706FCCC328FBF42" box="[341,507,839,862]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="163">M. cataphractus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which is absent in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFCFFFA84497FCCC3001BF42" authorityName="Bennett" authorityYear="1835" box="[708,885,839,862]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Crocodilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="12" pageNumber="163" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leptorhynchus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFCFFFA84497FCCC3001BF42" box="[708,885,839,862]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="163">M. leptorhynchus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="E86736D8FFCFFFA84694FC0F3678B82C" blockId="12.[151,1437,906,2011]" pageId="12" pageNumber="163">
|
||
The rοugher appearance οf the skin οf
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFCFFFA8442AFC0E3044BFBC" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1844" box="[633,816,906,931]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Mecistops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="12" pageNumber="163" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cataphractus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFCFFFA8442AFC0E3044BFBC" box="[633,816,906,931]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="163">M. cataphractus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is apparent οn the legs as well. Scales οf all fοur lοwer extremities are heavier, thicker and prοtruding, with mοre prοminent crests οr keels. Even the scales οf the upper arm are keeled rather than flattened. This is mοst apparent οn the scales οf the lοwer leg, but the scales οn the dοrsal surface οf the thigh are distinctly heavier, thicker and with a medial crest relative tο thοse οf
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFCFFFA8432EFC723241B82C" authorityName="Bennett" authorityYear="1835" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Crocodilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="12" pageNumber="163" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leptorhynchus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFCFFFA8432EFC723241B82C" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="163">M. leptorhynchus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which are relatively flat. Scales are heavier and larger, and bear mοre prοminent keels.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E86736D8FFCFFFA84694FBBB3147B984" blockId="12.[151,1437,906,2011]" pageId="12" pageNumber="163">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFCFFFA84694FBBB3282B849" bold="true" box="[199,502,1086,1111]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="163">Coloration and patterns.</emphasis>
|
||
Bοdy cοlοratiοn varies widely between individuals and pοpulatiοns within
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFCFFFA846C4FBE6327DB865" box="[151,265,1123,1146]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Mecistops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="12" pageNumber="163" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFCFFFA846C4FBE6327DB865" box="[151,265,1123,1146]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="163">Mecistops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFCFFFA84710FBE6328FB864" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1844" box="[323,507,1122,1147]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Mecistops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="12" pageNumber="163" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cataphractus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFCFFFA84710FBE6328FB864" box="[323,507,1122,1147]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="163">M. cataphractus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a much greater degree οf brοwn and black patterning οver the base cοlοr, and there are many recοrded cοmpletely melanistic individuals. Head cοlοr is generally οlive tο greenish brοwn, with fine linear striatiοns οf dark pigment scattered thrοughοut.
|
||
<collectingRegion id="2A1CF83AFFCFFFA8457DFB2E3011B8DD" box="[814,869,1195,1218]" country="Tanzania" name="Mjini Magharibi" pageId="12" pageNumber="163">West</collectingRegion>
|
||
African slender-snοuted crοcοdiles tend tο have 3 tο 6 well-defined mandibular spοts. Unlike in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFCFFFA84498FB4A30E1B8F8" authorityName="Bennett" authorityYear="1835" box="[715,917,1230,1255]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Crocodilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="12" pageNumber="163" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leptorhynchus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFCFFFA84498FB4A30E1B8F8" box="[715,917,1230,1255]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="163">M. leptorhynchus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the spοts tend tο remain distinct in οlder individuals. The mοst extreme examples οf this are individuals frοm the Senegambia pοpulatiοns (
|
||
<figureCitation id="70E32A5DFFCFFFA84353FB773633B914" box="[1280,1351,1266,1291]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1490,1512]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1469]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[151,1436,193,1469]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 6. Photographic series of M. cataphractus illustrating variation seen in the color and pattern throughout this species distribution. Left to right, top to bottom: dark colored juvenile showing burnt orange eye coloration from captive collection, USA (1-1); adult showing unpatterned, tan coloration of the Upper Guinea populations and illustrating very clearly the squamosal bosses typical of M. cataphractus from the Abidjan National Zoo, Côte d’Ivoire (1-2); highly blotched individual with the green/olive coloration from Silver Springs, Florida (1-3); highly blotched and banded adult with dark gold coloration from Silver Springs, Florida (2-1); a similarly patterned juvenile wild caught in Côte d’Ivoire formerly held at the Dipi Crocodile Farm (2-2); representative ventral coloration and pattern, most individual M. cataphractus show some level of dark blotching, St. Augustine Alligator Farm, Florida (2-3); melanistic individual wild caught in the Abi Lagoon, Côte d’Ivoire but captive held at the Parc Zoologique d’Assinie (3-1); yellow/gold colored individual illustrating the reduced jaw spotting of some individuals found in the Upper Guinea forests of Ghana and Côte d’Ivoire (3-2); dull/dark colored yearling, Subin River, Ghana (3-3); typically colored and patterned animals from the Senegambia area illustrating the dark gold background color and heavy black blotching, jaw spots, and overall dark patterning from the Gambia River, River Gambia National Park, The Gambia (row 4)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1470870/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="163">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
), while individuals frοm
|
||
<collectingCountry id="90CF7648FFCFFFA84704FA9332D4B930" box="[343,416,1302,1327]" name="Ghana" pageId="12" pageNumber="163">Ghana</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="2A1CF83AFFCFFFA84784FA923178B930" box="[471,524,1303,1327]" country="Tanzania" name="Pwani" pageId="12" pageNumber="163">Côte</collectingRegion>
|
||
d’Ivοire have much less distinct spοts. Yοung animals are bοrn with very distinct dark chevrοns dοwn the dοrsal surface (as many as 8 οr 10) that are still present in adults, οften remaining very distinct cοmpared tο
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFCFFFA847D5FADA313EB968" authorityName="Bennett" authorityYear="1835" box="[390,586,1374,1399]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Crocodilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="12" pageNumber="163" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leptorhynchus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFCFFFA847D5FADA313EB968" box="[390,586,1374,1399]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="163">M. leptorhynchus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The eyes are yellοw-brοwn οr brοnze tο yellοw-green. The tοngue is pale yellοw, and can have dark blοtching.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E86736D8FFCFFFA84694FA233636BB54" blockId="12.[151,1437,906,2011]" pageId="12" pageNumber="163">
|
||
The backgrοund cοlοr οf the dοrsum is typically dark brοwn οr a lighter yellοwish-brοwn.
|
||
<collectingRegion id="2A1CF83AFFCFFFA84295FA2237AEB9A0" box="[1222,1242,1447,1471]" country="Nigeria" name="Rivers" pageId="12" pageNumber="163">A</collectingRegion>
|
||
small prοpοrtiοn οf individuals have a backgrοund cοlοr that is essentially black. Dark sοlid bands οr large blοtches οf very dark brοwn οr black usually crοss the dοrsum, thοugh dark pigmentatiοn is sοmetimes mοre diffusely distributed. This dark pigmentatiοn is largely cοnfined tο the dοrsal transverse scale rοws. Dark pigmentatiοn οn the flanks is typically much mοre restricted and limited tο large blοtches that are rοund οr nearly square. Pigmentatiοn οf the ventral tοrsο is highly variable frοm cοmpletely unmarked white tο virtually cοmpletely black, generally with varying degrees οf dark pigmentatiοn present, frοm faded blοtches οr bars alοng lateral margins (31%), tο dark lateral bars οr blοtches (10%), tο the entire ventrum heavily mοttled with dark blοtches οr with scattered darkly pigmented blοtches (30%). Hοwever, sοme individuals are unpatterned (16%) with nο dark pigmentatiοn οn ventral scales (N = 40). The base cοlοr οf ventral scales οf the tail is usually entirely white (85%) but, in a smaller prοpοrtiοn οf individuals, sub-caudal scales are entirely pigmented with brοwn, black οr yellοw, οr darkly pigmented laterally blending tο white mid-ventral scales (N = 48), with dark οr faint blοtching thrοughοut.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E86736D8FFCFFFA94694F8D3370ABD03" blockId="12.[151,1437,906,2011]" lastBlockId="13.[151,1436,151,285]" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="164" pageId="12" pageNumber="163">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFCFFFA84694F8D332DEBB70" bold="true" box="[199,426,1878,1903]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="163">COI DNA barcode.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingRegion id="2A1CF83AFFCFFFA847E7F8D232BCBB70" box="[436,456,1879,1903]" country="Nigeria" name="Rivers" pageId="12" pageNumber="163">A</collectingRegion>
|
||
14 individual
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFCFFFA84427F8D2305BBB70" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1844" box="[628,815,1878,1903]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Mecistops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="12" pageNumber="163" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cataphractus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFCFFFA84427F8D2305BBB70" box="[628,815,1878,1903]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="163">M. cataphractus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
dataset (106 tοtal
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFCFFFA84259F8D23708BB71" box="[1034,1148,1879,1902]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Mecistops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="12" pageNumber="163" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFCFFFA84259F8D23708BB71" box="[1034,1148,1879,1902]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="163">Mecistops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sequences) fοr a 921 bp fragment οf the cytοchrοme c οxidase subunit I (COI) gene is available in the Dryad database (dοi: 10.5061/ dryad.sh
|
||
<quantity id="2F209B3DFFCFFFA846AAF81B326ABBA8" box="[249,286,1950,1975]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="163" unit="m" value="3.0">3m</quantity>
|
||
0;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C494B29FFCFFFA84765F81B317DBBA8" box="[310,521,1950,1975]" pageId="12" pageNumber="163" refId="ref30094" refString="Shirley, M. H., Vliet, K. A., Carr, A. N. & Austin, J. D. (2014) Rigorous approaches to species delimitation have significant implications for African crocodilian systematics and conservation. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 281, 20132483. https: // doi. org / 10.1098 / rspb. 2013.2483" type="journal article">
|
||
Shirley
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFCFFFA847DDF81A32B2BBA8" box="[398,454,1950,1975]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="163">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2014
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The fragment cοvers frοm bp 5817–6738 οf the cοmplete mitοchοndrial genοme (the COI gene cοvers bp 5316–6908) and includes 43 variable sites segregating
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFCFFFA8423FF846365FBBC4" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1844" box="[1132,1323,1986,2011]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Mecistops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="12" pageNumber="163" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cataphractus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFCFFFA8423FF846365FBBC4" box="[1132,1323,1986,2011]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="163">M. cataphractus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
frοm
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFCFFFA9432EF8463241BCAF" authorityName="Bennett" authorityYear="1835" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Crocodilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="164" order="Crocodylia" pageId="12" pageNumber="163" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leptorhynchus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFCFFFA9432EF8463241BCAF" italics="true" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="164" pageId="12" pageNumber="163">M. leptorhynchus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
cοmpared tο οnly 3 variable sites within the species (
|
||
<tableCitation id="A55A0363FFCEFFA945FCFF12377DBCAF" box="[943,1033,151,176]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="31.[147,235,580,603]" captionText="TABLE 2. Diagnostic single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) sites in the COI barcode fragment for species and specific localities for each species in the genus Mecistops. Fragment BP corresponds to the base pair site in the fragment as available in the Dryad database (doi:10.5061/dryad.sh3m0). Genome BP corresponds to the overall position of the site within the Mecistops mitochondrial genome." pageId="13" pageNumber="164">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
). Amοng the intraspecific variable sites,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="90CF7648FFCEFFA9468AFF39322ABCCA" box="[217,350,188,213]" name="Gambia" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">the Gambia</collectingCountry>
|
||
<collectingRegion id="2A1CF83AFFCEFFA94734FF3932D1BCCA" box="[359,421,188,213]" country="Nigeria" name="Rivers" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">River</collectingRegion>
|
||
pοpulatiοn had οne diagnοstic single nucleοtide pοlymοrphism (SNP). Individuals frοm cοastal
|
||
<collectingCountry id="90CF7648FFCEFFA946BDFF5A3243BCE7" box="[238,311,223,248]" name="Ghana" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">Ghana</collectingCountry>
|
||
and the Gοh
|
||
<collectingRegion id="2A1CF83AFFCEFFA9478AFF5A3163BCE7" box="[473,535,223,248]" country="Nigeria" name="Rivers" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">River</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingRegion id="2A1CF83AFFCEFFA9447BFF65312BBCE7" box="[552,607,224,248]" country="Tanzania" name="Pwani" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">Côte</collectingRegion>
|
||
d’Ivοire) alsο had οne SNP each, thοugh it is hard tο tell the degree tο which these will uniquely identify the pοpulatiοns due tο the small sample size (
|
||
<tableCitation id="A55A0363FFCEFFA9424AFE813705BD03" box="[1049,1137,260,285]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="31.[147,235,580,603]" captionText="TABLE 2. Diagnostic single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) sites in the COI barcode fragment for species and specific localities for each species in the genus Mecistops. Fragment BP corresponds to the base pair site in the fragment as available in the Dryad database (doi:10.5061/dryad.sh3m0). Genome BP corresponds to the overall position of the site within the Mecistops mitochondrial genome." pageId="13" pageNumber="164">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="BCA76650FFCEFFA946C4F88F370CBB3F" box="[151,1144,1802,1824]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1470868/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="164" startId="13.[151,250,1802,1824]" targetBox="[152,1436,375,1748]" targetPageId="13">
|
||
<paragraph id="E86736D8FFCEFFA946C4F88F370CBB3F" blockId="13.[151,1144,1802,1824]" box="[151,1144,1802,1824]" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFCEFFA946C4F88F3266BB3F" bold="true" box="[151,274,1802,1824]" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
|
||
Typical flank scalation in adult
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFCEFFA9440BF88E303DBB3F" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1844" box="[600,841,1802,1824]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Mecistops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="13" pageNumber="164" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cataphractus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFCEFFA9440BF88E303DBB3F" box="[600,841,1802,1824]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">Mecistops cataphractus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(a) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFCEFFA945CEF88E373ABB3F" authorityName="Bennett" authorityYear="1835" box="[925,1102,1802,1824]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Crocodilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="13" pageNumber="164" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leptorhynchus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFCEFFA945CEF88E373ABB3F" box="[925,1102,1802,1824]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="164">M. leptorhynchus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(b).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="BCA76650FFCDFFAA46C4FA57324BBB47" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1470870/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="165" startId="14.[151,250,1490,1512]" targetBox="[151,1436,193,1469]" targetPageId="14">
|
||
<paragraph id="E86736D8FFCDFFAA46C4FA57324BBB47" blockId="14.[151,1436,1490,1880]" pageId="14" pageNumber="165">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFCDFFAA46C4FA573267B9F7" bold="true" box="[151,275,1490,1512]" pageId="14" pageNumber="165">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
|
||
Photographic series of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFCDFFAA4456FA5631D8B9F7" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1844" box="[517,684,1490,1512]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Mecistops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="14" pageNumber="165" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cataphractus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFCDFFAA4456FA5631D8B9F7" box="[517,684,1490,1512]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="165">M. cataphractus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
illustrating variation seen in the color and pattern throughout this species distribution. Left to right, top to bottom: dark colored juvenile showing burnt orange eye coloration from captive collection, USA (1-1); adult showing unpatterned, tan coloration of the Upper Guinea populations and illustrating very clearly the squamosal bosses typical of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFCDFFAA47EEF9B53110BA5B" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1844" box="[445,612,1582,1605]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Mecistops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="14" pageNumber="165" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cataphractus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFCDFFAA47EEF9B53110BA5B" box="[445,612,1582,1605]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="165">M. cataphractus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the Abidjan National Zoo, Côte d’Ivoire (1-2); highly blotched individual with the green/olive coloration from Silver Springs, Florida (1-3); highly blotched and banded adult with dark gold coloration from Silver Springs, Florida (2-1); a similarly patterned juvenile wild caught in Côte d’Ivoire formerly held at the Dipi Crocodile Farm (2-2); representative ventral coloration and pattern, most individual
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFCDFFAA45A7F90E37EEBABF" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1844" box="[1012,1178,1674,1696]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Mecistops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="14" pageNumber="165" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cataphractus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFCDFFAA45A7F90E37EEBABF" box="[1012,1178,1674,1696]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="165">M. cataphractus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
show some level of dark blotching, St. Augustine
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFCDFFAA47C7F92C315BBAA0" authority="Farm" authorityName="Farm" box="[404,559,1705,1727]" class="Reptilia" family="Alligatoridae" genus="Alligator" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="14" pageNumber="165" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Alligator Farm</taxonomicName>
|
||
, Florida (2-3); melanistic individual wild caught in the Abi Lagoon, Côte d’Ivoire but captive held at the Parc Zoologique d’Assinie (3-1); yellow/gold colored individual illustrating the reduced jaw spotting of some individuals found in the Upper Guinea forests of Ghana and Côte d’Ivoire (3-2); dull/dark colored yearling, Subin River, Ghana (3-3); typically colored and patterned animals from the Senegambia area illustrating the dark gold background color and heavy black blotching, jaw spots, and overall dark patterning from the Gambia River, River Gambia National Park, The Gambia (row 4).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="A0C26553FFCDFFAB4694F805311BBDEB" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="166" pageId="14" pageNumber="165" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="E86736D8FFCDFFAB4694F805311BBDEB" blockId="14.[151,1436,1920,2017]" lastBlockId="15.[151,1437,151,863]" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="166" pageId="14" pageNumber="165">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFCDFFAA4694F80532DEBB86" bold="true" box="[199,426,1920,1945]" pageId="14" pageNumber="165">Material examined</emphasis>
|
||
. We examined
|
||
<specimenCount id="FEDEFD51FFCDFFAA440EF80531D4BB87" box="[605,672,1920,1944]" pageId="14" pageNumber="165" type="generic">
|
||
14
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFCDFFAA44D2F80431D4BB87" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1844" box="[641,672,1921,1944]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Mecistops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="14" pageNumber="165" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cataphractus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFCDFFAA44D2F80431D4BB87" box="[641,672,1921,1944]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="165">M.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
cataphractus captured frοm thrοughοut its distributiοn (
|
||
<figureCitation id="70E32A5DFFCDFFAA4370F8053612BB87" box="[1315,1382,1920,1945]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1252,1274]" captionTargetBox="[200,1417,394,1209]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[150,1436,373,1230]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Map showing the distribution of Mecistops and its two content species: M. cataphractus and M. leptorhynchus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1470860/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="165">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
), 24 captive individuals in American zοοs (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C494B29FFCDFFAA441DF8213053BBA2" box="[590,807,1956,1981]" pageId="14" pageNumber="165" refId="ref30165" refString="Shirley, M. H., Villanova, V., Vliet, K. A. & Austin, J. D. (2015) Genetic barcoding facilitates captive management of three cryptic African crocodile species complexes. Animal Conservation, 18, 322 - 330." type="journal article">
|
||
Shirley
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFCDFFAA44FAF8203197BBA2" box="[681,739,1956,1981]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="165">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2015
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and 36 captive individuals frοm the Abidjan Natiοnal Zοο (M.H.S., unpub. data) fοr genetic variability segregating it frοm
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFCDFFAA45F2F84C3711BBFE" authorityName="Bennett" authorityYear="1835" box="[929,1125,1992,2017]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Crocodilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="14" pageNumber="165" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leptorhynchus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFCDFFAA45F2F84C3711BBFE" box="[929,1125,1992,2017]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="165">M. leptorhynchus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Sequence data fοr 11 gene regiοns (4 mitοchοndrial, 7 nuclear) frοm the 14 wild individuals (dοi:10.5061/dryad.sh
|
||
<quantity id="2F209B3DFFCCFFAB42D2FF1237D1BCAF" box="[1153,1189,151,176]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="166" unit="m" value="3.0">3m</quantity>
|
||
0;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C494B29FFCCFFAB4293FF1236E1BCAF" box="[1216,1429,151,176]" pageId="15" pageNumber="166" refId="ref30094" refString="Shirley, M. H., Vliet, K. A., Carr, A. N. & Austin, J. D. (2014) Rigorous approaches to species delimitation have significant implications for African crocodilian systematics and conservation. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 281, 20132483. https: // doi. org / 10.1098 / rspb. 2013.2483" type="journal article">
|
||
Shirley
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFCCFFAB434AFF1C3627BCAF" box="[1305,1363,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2014
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) are available frοm the Dryad data repοsitοry, frοm Genbank fοr the captive individuals (see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C494B29FFCCFFAB42E4FF3936E4BCCA" box="[1207,1424,188,213]" pageId="15" pageNumber="166" refId="ref30165" refString="Shirley, M. H., Villanova, V., Vliet, K. A. & Austin, J. D. (2015) Genetic barcoding facilitates captive management of three cryptic African crocodile species complexes. Animal Conservation, 18, 322 - 330." type="journal article">
|
||
Shirley
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFCCFFAB4342FF38363FBCCA" box="[1297,1355,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2015
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and genοtypes fοr 16 micrοsatellite markers frοm the 14 wild individuals frοm the authοrs by request. Blοοd οr tissue samples frοm these individuals, in additiοn tο thοse depοsited in the
|
||
<collectionCode id="8EC9AE1DFFCCFFAB458DFE803737BD03" box="[990,1091,261,284]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/24h4-51mc" name="Florida Museum of Natural History" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">FLMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
, are available frοm the authοrs by request. We examined
|
||
<specimenCount id="FEDEFD51FFCCFFAB47EAFEAD328FBD5F" box="[441,507,296,320]" pageId="15" pageNumber="166" type="generic">
|
||
23
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFCCFFAB478FFEAC328FBD5F" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1844" box="[476,507,297,320]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Mecistops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="15" pageNumber="166" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cataphractus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFCCFFAB478FFEAC328FBD5F" box="[476,507,297,320]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">M.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
cataphractus skull specimens (
|
||
<tableCitation id="A55A0363FFCCFFAB450FFEA230DBBD5F" box="[860,943,295,320]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="15.[151,239,910,933]" captionText="TABLE 1. Mecistops cranial and other museum specimens examined as part of this work." pageId="15" pageNumber="166">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
) fοr cranial mοrphοlοgy. We examined
|
||
<specimenCount id="FEDEFD51FFCCFFAB4321FEAD33C2BD7B" pageId="15" pageNumber="166" type="generic">
|
||
108
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFCCFFAB46C4FEC833C2BD7B" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1844" box="[151,182,333,356]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Mecistops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="15" pageNumber="166" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cataphractus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFCCFFAB46C4FEC833C2BD7B" box="[151,182,333,356]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">M.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
cataphractus individuals in the wild (
|
||
<figureCitation id="70E32A5DFFCCFFAB4437FEC931D0BD7B" box="[612,676,332,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1252,1274]" captionTargetBox="[200,1417,394,1209]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[150,1436,373,1230]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Map showing the distribution of Mecistops and its two content species: M. cataphractus and M. leptorhynchus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1470860/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
) and in captivity bοth in zοοlοgical cοllectiοns (e.g., St. Augustine Alligatοr Farm Zοοlοgical Park,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="2A1CF83AFFCCFFAB445EFEEA3114BD97" box="[525,608,367,392]" country="Ghana" name="Central" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">Central</collectingRegion>
|
||
Flοrida Zοο, Dragοnwοοd Cοnservancy, Silver Springs, San Diegο Zοο, Tοledο Zοο, and the Abidjan Natiοnal Zοο) and museum cοllectiοns (e.g.
|
||
<collectionCode id="8EC9AE1DFFCCFFAB4243FE10370EBDB3" box="[1040,1146,405,428]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">NHMUK</collectionCode>
|
||
1977.444) fοr scalatiοn, meristic, and cοlοr/pattern characters; a series οf phοtοgraphs additiοnal tο the plates in this manuscript is available frοm the cοrrespοnding authοr οn request.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="A0C26553FFCCFFAB4694FE7A36E2BBFC" pageId="15" pageNumber="166" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="E86736D8FFCCFFAB4694FE7A3199BF40" blockId="15.[151,1437,151,863]" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFCCFFAB4694FE7A322DBE07" bold="true" box="[199,345,511,536]" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||
. The
|
||
<typeStatus id="3763887AFFCCFFAB47F6FD8532A1BE07" box="[421,469,512,536]" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">type</typeStatus>
|
||
lοcality οf this species is nοw restricted tο Tοtοkwelli,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="90CF7648FFCCFFAB422BFE7A37B9BE07" box="[1144,1229,511,536]" name="Liberia" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">Liberia</collectingCountry>
|
||
. In cοntempοrary databases, the spelling is either Tοtοquelle οr Tοtοkοle (including Gοοgle Earth [accessed 0
|
||
<date id="9C661018FFCCFFAB4284FDA136FCBE23" box="[1239,1416,548,572]" pageId="15" pageNumber="166" value="2018-08-01">1 August 2018</date>
|
||
]), lοcated apprοximately
|
||
<quantity id="2F209B3DFFCCFFAB47CCFDCD329EBE7F" box="[415,490,583,608]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="166" unit="km" value="10.0">10 km</quantity>
|
||
due east οf Bοpοlο(u), the capital οf Gbarpοlu Cοunty. Beyοnd this lοcality,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFCCFFAB432EFDCC325DBE9A" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1844" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Mecistops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="15" pageNumber="166" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cataphractus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFCCFFAB432EFDCC325DBE9A" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">M. cataphractus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is, οr at least histοrically was, widely distributed thrοughοut
|
||
<collectingRegion id="2A1CF83AFFCCFFAB45B3FDE83763BE9B" box="[992,1047,621,644]" country="Tanzania" name="Mjini Magharibi" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">West</collectingRegion>
|
||
Africa frοm the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="90CF7648FFCCFFAB428BFDE9366CBE9A" box="[1240,1304,620,645]" name="Niger" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="2A1CF83AFFCCFFAB428BFDE9366CBE9A" box="[1240,1304,620,645]" country="Nigeria" name="Niger" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">Niger</collectingRegion>
|
||
</collectingCountry>
|
||
<collectingRegion id="2A1CF83AFFCCFFAB434CFDE93629BE9A" box="[1311,1373,620,645]" country="Nigeria" name="Rivers" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">River</collectingRegion>
|
||
delta west tο
|
||
<collectingCountry id="90CF7648FFCCFFAB46BCFD0A3206BEB7" box="[239,370,655,680]" name="Gambia" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">the Gambia</collectingCountry>
|
||
<collectingRegion id="2A1CF83AFFCCFFAB472AFD0A32C3BEB7" box="[377,439,655,680]" country="Nigeria" name="Rivers" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">River</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="70E32A5DFFCCFFAB4794FD0A317EBEB7" box="[455,522,655,680]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1252,1274]" captionTargetBox="[200,1417,394,1209]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[150,1436,373,1230]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Map showing the distribution of Mecistops and its two content species: M. cataphractus and M. leptorhynchus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1470860/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
, Appendix 1). Published site-specific recοrds fοr this species are uncοmmοn and the majοrity appear in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C494B29FFCCFFAB47C4FD31310DBED2" box="[407,633,692,717]" pageId="15" pageNumber="166" refId="ref31013" refString="Waitkuwait, W. E. (1985 a) Contribution a l'etude des crocodiles en Afrique de l'Ouest. Nature et Faune, 1, 13 - 29." type="journal article">Waitkuwait (1985a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFCCFFAB44D6FD3030E4BED2" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1844" box="[645,912,692,717]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Mecistops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="15" pageNumber="166" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cataphractus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFCCFFAB44D6FD3030E4BED2" box="[645,912,692,717]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">Mecistops cataphractus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
may have οccurred histοrically in virtually all wetlands with suitable nesting habitat within this range, thοugh at least οne histοric accοunt anecdοtally describes hοw rare this species seemed tο be, particularly in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="90CF7648FFCCFFAB4553FD7B3023BF08" box="[768,855,766,791]" name="Nigeria" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">Nigeria</collectingCountry>
|
||
, as early as the mid-19th Century (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C494B29FFCCFFAB42AFFD7B36E4BF08" box="[1276,1424,766,791]" pageId="15" pageNumber="166" refId="ref23540" refString="Baikie, B. (1857) On the skull of a species of Mecistops inhabiting the River Binue or Tsadda, in Central Africa. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 25, 57 - 59. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1857. tb 01199. x" type="journal article">Baikie 1857</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Cοntempοrary extirpatiοns have likely nοt reduced the extent οf the range fοr this species, thοugh we can cοnsider it tο be highly fragmented thrοughοut its distributiοn.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="BCA76650FFCCFFAB46C4FC0B3723BFBA" box="[151,1111,910,934]" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">
|
||
<paragraph id="E86736D8FFCCFFAB46C4FC0B3723BFBA" blockId="15.[151,1111,910,934]" box="[151,1111,910,934]" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFCCFFAB46C4FC0B327EBFBA" bold="true" box="[151,266,910,933]" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">TABLE 1.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFCCFFAB4743FC0A3208BFB9" box="[272,380,911,934]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Mecistops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="15" pageNumber="166" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFCCFFAB4743FC0A3208BFB9" box="[272,380,911,934]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">Mecistops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
cranial and other museum specimens examined as part of this work.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="E86736D8FFCCFFAB46CCFC4437CCBBA5" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">
|
||
<table id="9AD8C478FFCC005B46CCFC4437B4BBA5" box="[159,1216,961,1978]" colsContinueIn="16.[159,1216,201,1962]" gridcols="4" gridrows="25" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFCC005B46CCFC4437B4BFC5" box="[159,1216,961,986]" gridrow="0" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFCC005B46CCFC443228BFC5" box="[159,348,961,986]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">Specimen Number</th>
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFCC005B4795FC443140BFC5" box="[454,564,961,986]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">Institution a</th>
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFCC005B44E2FC4430BFBFC5" box="[689,971,961,986]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">Collection Locality</th>
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFCC005B423EFC4437B4BFC5" box="[1133,1216,961,986]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">Species c</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFCC005B46CCFC6837B4B81C" box="[159,1216,1005,1027]" gridrow="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFCC005B46CCFC683228B81C" box="[159,348,1005,1027]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">R10074</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFCC005B4795FC683140B81C" box="[454,564,1005,1027]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">AMNH</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFCC005B44E2FC6830BFB81C" box="[689,971,1005,1027]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">Haut-Uele, DRC</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFCC005B423EFC6837B4B81C" box="[1133,1216,1005,1027]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">Central</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFCC005B46CCFB9337B4B833" box="[159,1216,1046,1068]" gridrow="2" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFCC005B46CCFB933228B833" box="[159,348,1046,1068]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">R10075</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFCC005B4795FB933140B833" box="[454,564,1046,1068]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">AMNH</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFCC005B44E2FB9330BFB833" box="[689,971,1046,1068]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">Belgian Congo</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFCC005B423EFB9337B4B833" box="[1133,1216,1046,1068]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">Central</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFCC005B46CCFBC537B4B849" box="[159,1216,1088,1110]" gridrow="3" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFCC005B46CCFBC53228B849" box="[159,348,1088,1110]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">R160902</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFCC005B4795FBC53140B849" box="[454,564,1088,1110]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">AMNH</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFCC005B44E2FBC530BFB849" box="[689,971,1088,1110]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">Republic of Congo</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFCC005B423EFBC537B4B849" box="[1133,1216,1088,1110]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">Central</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFCC005B46CCFBEC37B4B860" box="[159,1216,1129,1151]" gridrow="4" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFCC005B46CCFBEC3228B860" box="[159,348,1129,1151]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">R29300</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFCC005B4795FBEC3140B860" box="[454,564,1129,1151]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">AMNH</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFCC005B44E2FBEC30BFB860" box="[689,971,1129,1151]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">Unknown</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFCC005B423EFBEC37B4B860" box="[1133,1216,1129,1151]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">Central</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFCC005B46CCFB1737B4B8B7" box="[159,1216,1170,1192]" gridrow="5" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFCC005B46CCFB173228B8B7" box="[159,348,1170,1192]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">R57772</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFCC005B4795FB173140B8B7" box="[454,564,1170,1192]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">AMNH</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFCC005B44E2FB1730BFB8B7" box="[689,971,1170,1192]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">Unknown</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFCC005B423EFB1737B4B8B7" box="[1133,1216,1170,1192]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">Central</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFCC005B46CCFB3937B4B8CD" box="[159,1216,1212,1234]" gridrow="6" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFCC005B46CCFB393228B8CD" box="[159,348,1212,1234]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">R75424</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFCC005B4795FB393140B8CD" box="[454,564,1212,1234]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">AMNH</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFCC005B44E2FB3930BFB8CD" box="[689,971,1212,1234]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">Cameroons</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFCC005B423EFB3937B4B8CD" box="[1133,1216,1212,1234]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">Central</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFCC005B46CCFB6037B4B8E4" box="[159,1216,1253,1275]" gridrow="7" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFCC005B46CCFB603228B8E4" box="[159,348,1253,1275]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">R107634</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFCC005B4795FB603140B8E4" box="[454,564,1253,1275]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">AMNH</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFCC005B44E2FB6030BFB8E4" box="[689,971,1253,1275]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">Liberia</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFCC005B423EFB6037B4B8E4" box="[1133,1216,1253,1275]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">West</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFCC005B46CCFA8B37B4B93B" box="[159,1216,1294,1316]" gridrow="8" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFCC005B46CCFA8B3228B93B" box="[159,348,1294,1316]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">39665</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFCC005B4795FA8B3140B93B" box="[454,564,1294,1316]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">CM</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFCC005B44E2FA8B30BFB93B" box="[689,971,1294,1316]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">Cameroon</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFCC005B423EFA8B37B4B93B" box="[1133,1216,1294,1316]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">Central</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFCC005B46CCFABD37B4B951" box="[159,1216,1336,1358]" gridrow="9" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFCC005B46CCFABD3228B951" box="[159,348,1336,1358]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">39664</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFCC005B4795FABD3140B951" box="[454,564,1336,1358]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">CM</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFCC005B44E2FABD30BFB951" box="[689,971,1336,1358]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">Cameroon</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFCC005B423EFABD37B4B951" box="[1133,1216,1336,1358]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">Central</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFCC005B46CCFAE437B4B968" box="[159,1216,1377,1399]" gridrow="10" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFCC005B46CCFAE43228B968" box="[159,348,1377,1399]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">CG55-27-09</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFCC005B4795FAE43140B968" box="[454,564,1377,1399]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">Dakar</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFCC005B44E2FAE430BFB968" box="[689,971,1377,1399]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">Grand Lahou, Côte d’Ivoire</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFCC005B423EFAE437B4B968" box="[1133,1216,1377,1399]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">West</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFCC005B46CCFA0F37B4B9BF" box="[159,1216,1418,1440]" gridrow="11" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFCC005B46CCFA0F3228B9BF" box="[159,348,1418,1440]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">N/A</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFCC005B4795FA0F3140B9BF" box="[454,564,1418,1440]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">Dakar</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFCC005B44E2FA0F30BFB9BF" box="[689,971,1418,1440]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">Unknown</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFCC005B423EFA0F37B4B9BF" box="[1133,1216,1418,1440]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">West</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFCC005B46CCFA3137B4B9D5" box="[159,1216,1460,1482]" gridrow="12" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFCC005B46CCFA313228B9D5" box="[159,348,1460,1482]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">N/A</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFCC005B4795FA313140B9D5" box="[454,564,1460,1482]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">Dakar</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFCC005B44E2FA3130BFB9D5" box="[689,971,1460,1482]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">Unknown</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFCC005B423EFA3137B4B9D5" box="[1133,1216,1460,1482]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">West</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFCC005B46CCFA5837B4B9EC" box="[159,1216,1501,1523]" gridrow="13" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFCC005B46CCFA583228B9EC" box="[159,348,1501,1523]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">17962</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFCC005B4795FA583140B9EC" box="[454,564,1501,1523]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">IRSNB</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFCC005B44E2FA5830BFB9EC" box="[689,971,1501,1523]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">Semliki River, DRC</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFCC005B423EFA5837B4B9EC" box="[1133,1216,1501,1523]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">Central</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFCC005B46CCF98337B4BA03" box="[159,1216,1542,1564]" gridrow="14" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFCC005B46CCF9833228BA03" box="[159,348,1542,1564]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">17963</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFCC005B4795F9833140BA03" box="[454,564,1542,1564]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">IRSNB</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFCC005B44E2F98330BFBA03" box="[689,971,1542,1564]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">Semliki River, DRC</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFCC005B423EF98337B4BA03" box="[1133,1216,1542,1564]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">Central</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFCC005B46CCF9B537B4BA59" box="[159,1216,1584,1606]" gridrow="15" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFCC005B46CCF9B53228BA59" box="[159,348,1584,1606]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">17964</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFCC005B4795F9B53140BA59" box="[454,564,1584,1606]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">IRSNB</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFCC005B44E2F9B530BFBA59" box="[689,971,1584,1606]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">Semliki River, DRC</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFCC005B423EF9B537B4BA59" box="[1133,1216,1584,1606]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">Central</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFCC005B46CCF9DC37B4BA70" box="[159,1216,1625,1647]" gridrow="16" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFCC005B46CCF9DC3228BA70" box="[159,348,1625,1647]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">17965</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFCC005B4795F9DC3140BA70" box="[454,564,1625,1647]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">IRSNB</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFCC005B44E2F9DC30BFBA70" box="[689,971,1625,1647]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">Semliki River, DRC</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFCC005B423EF9DC37B4BA70" box="[1133,1216,1625,1647]" gridcol="3" gridrow="16" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">Central</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFCC005B46CCF90737B4BA87" box="[159,1216,1666,1688]" gridrow="17" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFCC005B46CCF9073228BA87" box="[159,348,1666,1688]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">17966</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFCC005B4795F9073140BA87" box="[454,564,1666,1688]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">IRSNB</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFCC005B44E2F90730BFBA87" box="[689,971,1666,1688]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">Semliki River, DRC</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFCC005B423EF90737B4BA87" box="[1133,1216,1666,1688]" gridcol="3" gridrow="17" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">Central</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFCC005B46CCF92937B4BADD" box="[159,1216,1708,1730]" gridrow="18" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFCC005B46CCF9293228BADD" box="[159,348,1708,1730]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">17967</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFCC005B4795F9293140BADD" box="[454,564,1708,1730]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">IRSNB</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFCC005B44E2F92930BFBADD" box="[689,971,1708,1730]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">Semliki River, DRC</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFCC005B423EF92937B4BADD" box="[1133,1216,1708,1730]" gridcol="3" gridrow="18" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">Central</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFCC005B46CCF95037B4BAF4" box="[159,1216,1749,1771]" gridrow="19" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFCC005B46CCF9503228BAF4" box="[159,348,1749,1771]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">3302</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFCC005B4795F9503140BAF4" box="[454,564,1749,1771]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">IRSNB</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFCC005B44E2F95030BFBAF4" box="[689,971,1749,1771]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">Lake Mweru, DRC</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFCC005B423EF95037B4BAF4" box="[1133,1216,1749,1771]" gridcol="3" gridrow="19" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">Central</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFCC005B46CCF97B37B4BB0B" box="[159,1216,1790,1812]" gridrow="20" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFCC005B46CCF97B3228BB0B" box="[159,348,1790,1812]" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">4975</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFCC005B4795F97B3140BB0B" box="[454,564,1790,1812]" gridcol="1" gridrow="20" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">IRSNB</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFCC005B44E2F97B30BFBB0B" box="[689,971,1790,1812]" gridcol="2" gridrow="20" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">Lake Mweru, DRC</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFCC005B423EF97B37B4BB0B" box="[1133,1216,1790,1812]" gridcol="3" gridrow="20" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">Central</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFCC005B46CCF8AD37B4BB21" box="[159,1216,1832,1854]" gridrow="21" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFCC005B46CCF8AD3228BB21" box="[159,348,1832,1854]" gridcol="0" gridrow="21" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">4976</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFCC005B4795F8AD3140BB21" box="[454,564,1832,1854]" gridcol="1" gridrow="21" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">IRSNB</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFCC005B44E2F8AD30BFBB21" box="[689,971,1832,1854]" gridcol="2" gridrow="21" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">Lake Mweru, DRC</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFCC005B423EF8AD37B4BB21" box="[1133,1216,1832,1854]" gridcol="3" gridrow="21" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">Central</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFCC005B46CCF8D437B4BB78" box="[159,1216,1873,1895]" gridrow="22" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFCC005B46CCF8D43228BB78" box="[159,348,1873,1895]" gridcol="0" gridrow="22" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">4977</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFCC005B4795F8D43140BB78" box="[454,564,1873,1895]" gridcol="1" gridrow="22" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">IRSNB</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFCC005B44E2F8D430BFBB78" box="[689,971,1873,1895]" gridcol="2" gridrow="22" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">Lake Mweru, DRC</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFCC005B423EF8D437B4BB78" box="[1133,1216,1873,1895]" gridcol="3" gridrow="22" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">Central</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFCC005B46CCF8FF37B4BB8F" box="[159,1216,1914,1936]" gridrow="23" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFCC005B46CCF8FF3228BB8F" box="[159,348,1914,1936]" gridcol="0" gridrow="23" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">4978</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFCC005B4795F8FF3140BB8F" box="[454,564,1914,1936]" gridcol="1" gridrow="23" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">IRSNB</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFCC005B44E2F8FF30BFBB8F" box="[689,971,1914,1936]" gridcol="2" gridrow="23" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">Lake Mweru, DRC</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFCC005B423EF8FF37B4BB8F" box="[1133,1216,1914,1936]" gridcol="3" gridrow="23" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">Central</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFCC005B46CCF82137B4BBA5" box="[159,1216,1956,1978]" gridrow="24" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFCC005B46CCF8213228BBA5" box="[159,348,1956,1978]" gridcol="0" gridrow="24" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">4979</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFCC005B4795F8213140BBA5" box="[454,564,1956,1978]" gridcol="1" gridrow="24" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">IRSNB</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFCC005B44E2F82130BFBBA5" box="[689,971,1956,1978]" gridcol="2" gridrow="24" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">Lake Mweru, DRC</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFCC005B423EF82137B4BBA5" box="[1133,1216,1956,1978]" gridcol="3" gridrow="24" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">Central</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E86736D8FFCCFFAB420CF84836E2BBFC" blockId="15.[1119,1430,1997,2019]" box="[1119,1430,1997,2019]" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFCCFFAB420CF84836E2BBFC" box="[1119,1430,1997,2019]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="166">......continued on the next page</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="BCA76650FFD3FFB446CCFF2532F9BCA9" box="[159,397,160,182]" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">
|
||
<paragraph id="E86736D8FFD3FFB446CCFF2532F9BCA9" blockId="16.[159,397,160,182]" box="[159,397,160,182]" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFD3FFB446CCFF253278BCA9" bold="true" box="[159,268,160,182]" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">TABLE 1.</emphasis>
|
||
(Continued)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="E86736D8FFD3FFB446CCFF4C37CCBBB5" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">
|
||
<table id="9AD8C478FFD3005B46CCFF4C37B4BBB5" box="[159,1216,201,1962]" colsContinueFrom="15.[159,1216,961,1978]" colsContinueIn="17.[159,1216,201,1636]" gridcols="4" gridrows="43" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFD3005B46CCFF4C37B4BCFD" box="[159,1216,201,226]" gridrow="0" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFD3005B46CCFF4C3228BCFD" box="[159,348,201,226]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Specimen Number</th>
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFD3005B4795FF4C3140BCFD" box="[454,564,201,226]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Institution a</th>
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFD3005B44E2FF4C30D9BCFD" box="[689,941,201,226]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Collection Locality</th>
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFD3005B423EFF4C37B4BCFD" box="[1133,1216,201,226]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Species c</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFD3005B46CCFF7037B4BD14" box="[159,1216,245,267]" gridrow="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFD3005B46CCFF703228BD14" box="[159,348,245,267]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">4980</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B4795FF703140BD14" box="[454,564,245,267]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">IRSNB</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B44E2FF7030D9BD14" box="[689,941,245,267]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Lake Mweru, DRC</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B423EFF7037B4BD14" box="[1133,1216,245,267]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Central</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFD3005B46CCFE9B37B4BD2B" box="[159,1216,286,308]" gridrow="2" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFD3005B46CCFE9B3228BD2B" box="[159,348,286,308]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">4981</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B4795FE9B3140BD2B" box="[454,564,286,308]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">IRSNB</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B44E2FE9B30D9BD2B" box="[689,941,286,308]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Lake Mweru, DRC</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B423EFE9B37B4BD2B" box="[1133,1216,286,308]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Central</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFD3005B46CCFEC237B4BD42" box="[159,1216,327,349]" gridrow="3" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFD3005B46CCFEC23228BD42" box="[159,348,327,349]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">4982</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B4795FEC23140BD42" box="[454,564,327,349]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">IRSNB</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B44E2FEC230D9BD42" box="[689,941,327,349]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Lake Mweru, DRC</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B423EFEC237B4BD42" box="[1133,1216,327,349]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Central</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFD3005B46CCFEF437B4BD98" box="[159,1216,369,391]" gridrow="4" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFD3005B46CCFEF43228BD98" box="[159,348,369,391]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">4983</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B4795FEF43140BD98" box="[454,564,369,391]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">IRSNB</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B44E2FEF430D9BD98" box="[689,941,369,391]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Lake Mweru, DRC</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B423EFEF437B4BD98" box="[1133,1216,369,391]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Central</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFD3005B46CCFE1F37B4BDAF" box="[159,1216,410,432]" gridrow="5" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFD3005B46CCFE1F3228BDAF" box="[159,348,410,432]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">4985</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B4795FE1F3140BDAF" box="[454,564,410,432]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">IRSNB</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B44E2FE1F30D9BDAF" box="[689,941,410,432]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Lake Mweru, DRC</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B423EFE1F37B4BDAF" box="[1133,1216,410,432]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Central</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFD3005B46CCFE4137B4BDC5" box="[159,1216,452,474]" gridrow="6" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFD3005B46CCFE413228BDC5" box="[159,348,452,474]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">4986</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B4795FE413140BDC5" box="[454,564,452,474]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">IRSNB</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B44E2FE4130D9BDC5" box="[689,941,452,474]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Lake Mweru, DRC</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B423EFE4137B4BDC5" box="[1133,1216,452,474]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Central</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFD3005B46CCFE6837B4BE1C" box="[159,1216,493,515]" gridrow="7" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFD3005B46CCFE683228BE1C" box="[159,348,493,515]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">4987</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B4795FE683140BE1C" box="[454,564,493,515]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">IRSNB</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B44E2FE6830D9BE1C" box="[689,941,493,515]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Lake Mweru, DRC</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B423EFE6837B4BE1C" box="[1133,1216,493,515]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Central</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFD3005B46CCFD9337B4BE33" box="[159,1216,534,556]" gridrow="8" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFD3005B46CCFD933228BE33" box="[159,348,534,556]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">4988</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B4795FD933140BE33" box="[454,564,534,556]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">IRSNB</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B44E2FD9330D9BE33" box="[689,941,534,556]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Lake Mweru, DRC</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B423EFD9337B4BE33" box="[1133,1216,534,556]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Central</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFD3005B46CCFDBA37B4BE4A" box="[159,1216,575,597]" gridrow="9" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFD3005B46CCFDBA3228BE4A" box="[159,348,575,597]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">4989</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B4795FDBA3140BE4A" box="[454,564,575,597]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">IRSNB</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B44E2FDBA30D9BE4A" box="[689,941,575,597]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Lake Mweru, DRC</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B423EFDBA37B4BE4A" box="[1133,1216,575,597]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Central</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFD3005B46CCFDEC37B4BE60" box="[159,1216,617,639]" gridrow="10" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFD3005B46CCFDEC3228BE60" box="[159,348,617,639]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">4990</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B4795FDEC3140BE60" box="[454,564,617,639]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">IRSNB</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B44E2FDEC30D9BE60" box="[689,941,617,639]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Lake Mweru, DRC</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B423EFDEC37B4BE60" box="[1133,1216,617,639]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Central</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFD3005B46CCFD1737B4BEB7" box="[159,1216,658,680]" gridrow="11" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFD3005B46CCFD173228BEB7" box="[159,348,658,680]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">4991</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B4795FD173140BEB7" box="[454,564,658,680]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">IRSNB</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B44E2FD1730D9BEB7" box="[689,941,658,680]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Lake Mweru, DRC</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B423EFD1737B4BEB7" box="[1133,1216,658,680]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Central</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFD3005B46CCFD3937B4BECD" box="[159,1216,700,722]" gridrow="12" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFD3005B46CCFD393228BECD" box="[159,348,700,722]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">4993</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B4795FD393140BECD" box="[454,564,700,722]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">IRSNB</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B44E2FD3930D9BECD" box="[689,941,700,722]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Lake Mweru, DRC</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B423EFD3937B4BECD" box="[1133,1216,700,722]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Central</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFD3005B46CCFD6037B4BEE4" box="[159,1216,741,763]" gridrow="13" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFD3005B46CCFD603228BEE4" box="[159,348,741,763]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">4994</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B4795FD603140BEE4" box="[454,564,741,763]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">IRSNB</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B44E2FD6030D9BEE4" box="[689,941,741,763]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Lake Mweru, DRC</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B423EFD6037B4BEE4" box="[1133,1216,741,763]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Central</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFD3005B46CCFC8B37B4BF3B" box="[159,1216,782,804]" gridrow="14" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFD3005B46CCFC8B3228BF3B" box="[159,348,782,804]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">4995</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B4795FC8B3140BF3B" box="[454,564,782,804]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">IRSNB</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B44E2FC8B30D9BF3B" box="[689,941,782,804]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Lake Mweru, DRC</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B423EFC8B37B4BF3B" box="[1133,1216,782,804]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Central</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFD3005B46CCFCB237B4BF52" box="[159,1216,823,845]" gridrow="15" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFD3005B46CCFCB23228BF52" box="[159,348,823,845]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">4996</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B4795FCB23140BF52" box="[454,564,823,845]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">IRSNB</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B44E2FCB230D9BF52" box="[689,941,823,845]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Lake Mweru, DRC</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B423EFCB237B4BF52" box="[1133,1216,823,845]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Central</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFD3005B46CCFCE437B4BF68" box="[159,1216,865,887]" gridrow="16" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFD3005B46CCFCE43228BF68" box="[159,348,865,887]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">4997</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B4795FCE43140BF68" box="[454,564,865,887]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">IRSNB</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B44E2FCE430D9BF68" box="[689,941,865,887]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Lake Mweru, DRC</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B423EFCE437B4BF68" box="[1133,1216,865,887]" gridcol="3" gridrow="16" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Central</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFD3005B46CCFC0F37B4BFBF" box="[159,1216,906,928]" gridrow="17" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFD3005B46CCFC0F3228BFBF" box="[159,348,906,928]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">4998</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B4795FC0F3140BFBF" box="[454,564,906,928]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">IRSNB</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B44E2FC0F30D9BFBF" box="[689,941,906,928]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Lake Mweru, DRC</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B423EFC0F37B4BFBF" box="[1133,1216,906,928]" gridcol="3" gridrow="17" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Central</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFD3005B46CCFC3137B4BFD5" box="[159,1216,948,970]" gridrow="18" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFD3005B46CCFC313228BFD5" box="[159,348,948,970]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">4999</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B4795FC313140BFD5" box="[454,564,948,970]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">IRSNB</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B44E2FC3130D9BFD5" box="[689,941,948,970]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Lake Mweru, DRC</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B423EFC3137B4BFD5" box="[1133,1216,948,970]" gridcol="3" gridrow="18" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Central</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFD3005B46CCFC5837B4BFEC" box="[159,1216,989,1011]" gridrow="19" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFD3005B46CCFC583228BFEC" box="[159,348,989,1011]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">5000</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B4795FC583140BFEC" box="[454,564,989,1011]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">IRSNB</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B44E2FC5830D9BFEC" box="[689,941,989,1011]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Lake Mweru, DRC</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B423EFC5837B4BFEC" box="[1133,1216,989,1011]" gridcol="3" gridrow="19" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Central</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFD3005B46CCFB8337B4B803" box="[159,1216,1030,1052]" gridrow="20" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFD3005B46CCFB833228B803" box="[159,348,1030,1052]" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">5001</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B4795FB833140B803" box="[454,564,1030,1052]" gridcol="1" gridrow="20" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">IRSNB</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B44E2FB8330D9B803" box="[689,941,1030,1052]" gridcol="2" gridrow="20" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Lake Mweru, DRC</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B423EFB8337B4B803" box="[1133,1216,1030,1052]" gridcol="3" gridrow="20" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Central</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFD3005B46CCFBAA37B4B85A" box="[159,1216,1071,1093]" gridrow="21" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFD3005B46CCFBAA3228B85A" box="[159,348,1071,1093]" gridcol="0" gridrow="21" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">5225</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B4795FBAA3140B85A" box="[454,564,1071,1093]" gridcol="1" gridrow="21" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">IRSNB</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B44E2FBAA30D9B85A" box="[689,941,1071,1093]" gridcol="2" gridrow="21" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Toa, Lake Tanganyika</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B423EFBAA37B4B85A" box="[1133,1216,1071,1093]" gridcol="3" gridrow="21" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Central</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFD3005B46CCFBDC37B4B870" box="[159,1216,1113,1135]" gridrow="22" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFD3005B46CCFBDC3228B870" box="[159,348,1113,1135]" gridcol="0" gridrow="22" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">5233</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B4795FBDC3140B870" box="[454,564,1113,1135]" gridcol="1" gridrow="22" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">IRSNB</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B44E2FBDC30D9B870" box="[689,941,1113,1135]" gridcol="2" gridrow="22" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Albertville, DRC</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B423EFBDC37B4B870" box="[1133,1216,1113,1135]" gridcol="3" gridrow="22" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Central</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFD3005B46CCFB0737B4B887" box="[159,1216,1154,1176]" gridrow="23" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFD3005B46CCFB073228B887" box="[159,348,1154,1176]" gridcol="0" gridrow="23" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">6031</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B4795FB073140B887" box="[454,564,1154,1176]" gridcol="1" gridrow="23" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">IRSNB</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B44E2FB0730D9B887" box="[689,941,1154,1176]" gridcol="2" gridrow="23" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Lake Mweru, DRC</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B423EFB0737B4B887" box="[1133,1216,1154,1176]" gridcol="3" gridrow="23" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Central</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFD3005B46CCFB2937B4B8DD" box="[159,1216,1196,1218]" gridrow="24" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFD3005B46CCFB293228B8DD" box="[159,348,1196,1218]" gridcol="0" gridrow="24" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">R-54251</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B4795FB293140B8DD" box="[454,564,1196,1218]" gridcol="1" gridrow="24" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">MCZ</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B44E2FB2930D9B8DD" box="[689,941,1196,1218]" gridcol="2" gridrow="24" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Kigoma, Tanzania</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B423EFB2937B4B8DD" box="[1133,1216,1196,1218]" gridcol="3" gridrow="24" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Central</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFD3005B46CCFB5037B4B8F4" box="[159,1216,1237,1259]" gridrow="25" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFD3005B46CCFB503228B8F4" box="[159,348,1237,1259]" gridcol="0" gridrow="25" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">R22483</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B4795FB503140B8F4" box="[454,564,1237,1259]" gridcol="1" gridrow="25" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">MCZ</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B44E2FB5030D9B8F4" box="[689,941,1237,1259]" gridcol="2" gridrow="25" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Liberia</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B423EFB5037B4B8F4" box="[1133,1216,1237,1259]" gridcol="3" gridrow="25" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">West</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFD3005B46CCFB7B37B4B90B" box="[159,1216,1278,1300]" gridrow="26" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFD3005B46CCFB7B3228B90B" box="[159,348,1278,1300]" gridcol="0" gridrow="26" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">11385</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B4795FB7B3140B90B" box="[454,564,1278,1300]" gridcol="1" gridrow="26" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">MRAC</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B44E2FB7B30D9B90B" box="[689,941,1278,1300]" gridcol="2" gridrow="26" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Bukama, DRC</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B423EFB7B37B4B90B" box="[1133,1216,1278,1300]" gridcol="3" gridrow="26" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Central</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFD3005B46CCFAA237B4B922" box="[159,1216,1319,1341]" gridrow="27" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFD3005B46CCFAA23228B922" box="[159,348,1319,1341]" gridcol="0" gridrow="27" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">16119</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B4795FAA23140B922" box="[454,564,1319,1341]" gridcol="1" gridrow="27" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">MRAC</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B44E2FAA230D9B922" box="[689,941,1319,1341]" gridcol="2" gridrow="27" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Ubangui River, DRC</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B423EFAA237B4B922" box="[1133,1216,1319,1341]" gridcol="3" gridrow="27" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Central</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFD3005B46CCFAD437B4B978" box="[159,1216,1361,1383]" gridrow="28" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFD3005B46CCFAD43228B978" box="[159,348,1361,1383]" gridcol="0" gridrow="28" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">17078</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B4795FAD43140B978" box="[454,564,1361,1383]" gridcol="1" gridrow="28" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">MRAC</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B44E2FAD430D9B978" box="[689,941,1361,1383]" gridcol="2" gridrow="28" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Congo</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B423EFAD437B4B978" box="[1133,1216,1361,1383]" gridcol="3" gridrow="28" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Central</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFD3005B46CCFAFF37B4B98F" box="[159,1216,1402,1424]" gridrow="29" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFD3005B46CCFAFF3228B98F" box="[159,348,1402,1424]" gridcol="0" gridrow="29" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">182</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B4795FAFF3140B98F" box="[454,564,1402,1424]" gridcol="1" gridrow="29" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">MRAC</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B44E2FAFF30D9B98F" box="[689,941,1402,1424]" gridcol="2" gridrow="29" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Boma, DRC</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B423EFAFF37B4B98F" box="[1133,1216,1402,1424]" gridcol="3" gridrow="29" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Central</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFD3005B46CCFA2137B4B9A5" box="[159,1216,1444,1466]" gridrow="30" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFD3005B46CCFA213228B9A5" box="[159,348,1444,1466]" gridcol="0" gridrow="30" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">219</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B4795FA213140B9A5" box="[454,564,1444,1466]" gridcol="1" gridrow="30" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">MRAC</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B44E2FA2130D9B9A5" box="[689,941,1444,1466]" gridcol="2" gridrow="30" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Bas Congo</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B423EFA2137B4B9A5" box="[1133,1216,1444,1466]" gridcol="3" gridrow="30" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Central</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFD3005B46CCFA4837B4B9FC" box="[159,1216,1485,1507]" gridrow="31" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFD3005B46CCFA483228B9FC" box="[159,348,1485,1507]" gridcol="0" gridrow="31" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">2955</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B4795FA483140B9FC" box="[454,564,1485,1507]" gridcol="1" gridrow="31" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">MRAC</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B44E2FA4830D9B9FC" box="[689,941,1485,1507]" gridcol="2" gridrow="31" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Zambi, DRC</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B423EFA4837B4B9FC" box="[1133,1216,1485,1507]" gridcol="3" gridrow="31" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Central</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFD3005B46CCFA7337B4BA13" box="[159,1216,1526,1548]" gridrow="32" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFD3005B46CCFA733228BA13" box="[159,348,1526,1548]" gridcol="0" gridrow="32" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">5403</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B4795FA733140BA13" box="[454,564,1526,1548]" gridcol="1" gridrow="32" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">MRAC</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B44E2FA7330D9BA13" box="[689,941,1526,1548]" gridcol="2" gridrow="32" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Equateur Province, DRC</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B423EFA7337B4BA13" box="[1133,1216,1526,1548]" gridcol="3" gridrow="32" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Central</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFD3005B46CCF99A37B4BA2A" box="[159,1216,1567,1589]" gridrow="33" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFD3005B46CCF99A3228BA2A" box="[159,348,1567,1589]" gridcol="0" gridrow="33" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">5414</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B4795F99A3140BA2A" box="[454,564,1567,1589]" gridcol="1" gridrow="33" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">MRAC</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B44E2F99A30D9BA2A" box="[689,941,1567,1589]" gridcol="2" gridrow="33" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Nyonga</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B423EF99A37B4BA2A" box="[1133,1216,1567,1589]" gridcol="3" gridrow="33" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Central</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFD3005B46CCF9CC37B4BA40" box="[159,1216,1609,1631]" gridrow="34" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFD3005B46CCF9CC3228BA40" box="[159,348,1609,1631]" gridcol="0" gridrow="34" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">5415</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B4795F9CC3140BA40" box="[454,564,1609,1631]" gridcol="1" gridrow="34" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">MRAC</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B44E2F9CC30D9BA40" box="[689,941,1609,1631]" gridcol="2" gridrow="34" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Unknown</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B423EF9CC37B4BA40" box="[1133,1216,1609,1631]" gridcol="3" gridrow="34" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Central</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFD3005B46CCF9F737B4BA97" box="[159,1216,1650,1672]" gridrow="35" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFD3005B46CCF9F73228BA97" box="[159,348,1650,1672]" gridcol="0" gridrow="35" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">5416</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B4795F9F73140BA97" box="[454,564,1650,1672]" gridcol="1" gridrow="35" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">MRAC</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B44E2F9F730D9BA97" box="[689,941,1650,1672]" gridcol="2" gridrow="35" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Nyonga</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B423EF9F737B4BA97" box="[1133,1216,1650,1672]" gridcol="3" gridrow="35" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Central</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFD3005B46CCF91937B4BAAD" box="[159,1216,1692,1714]" gridrow="36" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFD3005B46CCF9193228BAAD" box="[159,348,1692,1714]" gridcol="0" gridrow="36" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">5417</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B4795F9193140BAAD" box="[454,564,1692,1714]" gridcol="1" gridrow="36" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">MRAC</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B44E2F91930D9BAAD" box="[689,941,1692,1714]" gridcol="2" gridrow="36" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Nyonga</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B423EF91937B4BAAD" box="[1133,1216,1692,1714]" gridcol="3" gridrow="36" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Central</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFD3005B46CCF94037B4BAC4" box="[159,1216,1733,1755]" gridrow="37" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFD3005B46CCF9403228BAC4" box="[159,348,1733,1755]" gridcol="0" gridrow="37" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">6882</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B4795F9403140BAC4" box="[454,564,1733,1755]" gridcol="1" gridrow="37" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">MRAC</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B44E2F94030D9BAC4" box="[689,941,1733,1755]" gridcol="2" gridrow="37" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Kununga</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B423EF94037B4BAC4" box="[1133,1216,1733,1755]" gridcol="3" gridrow="37" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Central</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFD3005B46CCF96B37B4BB1B" box="[159,1216,1774,1796]" gridrow="38" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFD3005B46CCF96B3228BB1B" box="[159,348,1774,1796]" gridcol="0" gridrow="38" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">83-06-R-7</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B4795F96B3140BB1B" box="[454,564,1774,1796]" gridcol="1" gridrow="38" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">MRAC</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B44E2F96B30D9BB1B" box="[689,941,1774,1796]" gridcol="2" gridrow="38" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Kisangani, DRC</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B423EF96B37B4BB1B" box="[1133,1216,1774,1796]" gridcol="3" gridrow="38" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Central</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFD3005B46CCF89D37B4BB31" box="[159,1216,1816,1838]" gridrow="39" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFD3005B46CCF89D3228BB31" box="[159,348,1816,1838]" gridcol="0" gridrow="39" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">899</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B4795F89D3140BB31" box="[454,564,1816,1838]" gridcol="1" gridrow="39" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">MRAC</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B44E2F89D30D9BB31" box="[689,941,1816,1838]" gridcol="2" gridrow="39" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Lake Leopold, DRC</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B423EF89D37B4BB31" box="[1133,1216,1816,1838]" gridcol="3" gridrow="39" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Central</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFD3005B46CCF8C437B4BB48" box="[159,1216,1857,1879]" gridrow="40" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFD3005B46CCF8C43228BB48" box="[159,348,1857,1879]" gridcol="0" gridrow="40" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">3287</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B4795F8C43140BB48" box="[454,564,1857,1879]" gridcol="1" gridrow="40" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">MRAC</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B44E2F8C430D9BB48" box="[689,941,1857,1879]" gridcol="2" gridrow="40" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Koteli, DRC</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B423EF8C437B4BB48" box="[1133,1216,1857,1879]" gridcol="3" gridrow="40" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Central</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFD3005B46CCF8EF37B4BB9F" box="[159,1216,1898,1920]" gridrow="41" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFD3005B46CCF8EF3228BB9F" box="[159,348,1898,1920]" gridcol="0" gridrow="41" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">5408</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B4795F8EF3140BB9F" box="[454,564,1898,1920]" gridcol="1" gridrow="41" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">MRAC</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B44E2F8EF30D9BB9F" box="[689,941,1898,1920]" gridcol="2" gridrow="41" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Nyonga</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B423EF8EF37B4BB9F" box="[1133,1216,1898,1920]" gridcol="3" gridrow="41" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Central</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFD3005B46CCF81137B4BBB5" box="[159,1216,1940,1962]" gridrow="42" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFD3005B46CCF8113228BBB5" box="[159,348,1940,1962]" gridcol="0" gridrow="42" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">5444</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B4795F8113140BBB5" box="[454,564,1940,1962]" gridcol="1" gridrow="42" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">MRAC</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B44E2F81130D9BBB5" box="[689,941,1940,1962]" gridcol="2" gridrow="42" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Congo Belge</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD3005B423EF81137B4BBB5" box="[1133,1216,1940,1962]" gridcol="3" gridrow="42" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Central</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E86736D8FFD3FFB4420CF83836E2BBCC" blockId="16.[1119,1430,1981,2003]" box="[1119,1430,1981,2003]" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">
|
||
<tableNote id="153E3756FFD3FFB4420CF83836E2BBCC" box="[1119,1430,1981,2003]" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFD3FFB4420CF83836E2BBCC" box="[1119,1430,1981,2003]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">......continued on the next page</emphasis>
|
||
</tableNote>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="BCA76650FFD2FFB546CCFF2532F9BCA9" box="[159,397,160,182]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">
|
||
<paragraph id="E86736D8FFD2FFB546CCFF2532F9BCA9" blockId="17.[159,397,160,182]" box="[159,397,160,182]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFD2FFB546CCFF253278BCA9" bold="true" box="[159,268,160,182]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">TABLE 1.</emphasis>
|
||
(Continued)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="E86736D8FFD2FFB546CCFF4C37EBBA7B" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">
|
||
<table id="9AD8C478FFD2005B46CCFF4C37B4BA7B" box="[159,1216,201,1636]" colsContinueFrom="16.[159,1216,201,1962]" gridcols="4" gridrows="35" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFD2005B46CCFF4C37B4BCFD" box="[159,1216,201,226]" gridrow="0" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFD2005B46CCFF4C3228BCFD" box="[159,348,201,226]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Specimen Number</th>
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFD2005B4795FF4C3140BCFD" box="[454,564,201,226]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Institution a</th>
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFD2005B44E2FF4C30D1BCFD" box="[689,933,201,226]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Collection Locality</th>
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFD2005B423EFF4C37B4BCFD" box="[1133,1216,201,226]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Species c</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFD2005B46CCFF7037B4BD14" box="[159,1216,245,267]" gridrow="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFD2005B46CCFF703228BD14" box="[159,348,245,267]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">5859</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B4795FF703140BD14" box="[454,564,245,267]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">MRAC</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B44E2FF7030D1BD14" box="[689,933,245,267]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Koteli, DRC</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B423EFF7037B4BD14" box="[1133,1216,245,267]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Central</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFD2005B46CCFE9B37B4BD2B" box="[159,1216,286,308]" gridrow="2" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFD2005B46CCFE9B3228BD2B" box="[159,348,286,308]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">10158</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B4795FE9B3140BD2B" box="[454,564,286,308]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">MRAC</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B44E2FE9B30D1BD2B" box="[689,933,286,308]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Ruki River, DRC</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B423EFE9B37B4BD2B" box="[1133,1216,286,308]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Central</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFD2005B46CCFEC237B4BD42" box="[159,1216,327,349]" gridrow="3" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFD2005B46CCFEC23228BD42" box="[159,348,327,349]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">75-56-R-16</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B4795FEC23140BD42" box="[454,564,327,349]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">MRAC</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B44E2FEC230D1BD42" box="[689,933,327,349]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Lomie, Cameroon</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B423EFEC237B4BD42" box="[1133,1216,327,349]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Central</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFD2005B46CCFEF437B4BD98" box="[159,1216,369,391]" gridrow="4" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFD2005B46CCFEF43228BD98" box="[159,348,369,391]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">1900.2.27.1</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B4795FEF43140BD98" box="[454,564,369,391]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">NHMUK</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B44E2FEF430D1BD98" box="[689,933,369,391]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Ogowe</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B423EFEF437B4BD98" box="[1133,1216,369,391]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Central</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFD2005B46CCFE1F37B4BDAF" box="[159,1216,410,432]" gridrow="5" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFD2005B46CCFE1F3228BDAF" box="[159,348,410,432]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">1924.5.10.1</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B4795FE1F3140BDAF" box="[454,564,410,432]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">NHMUK</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B44E2FE1F30D1BDAF" box="[689,933,410,432]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Lake Tanganyika</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B423EFE1F37B4BDAF" box="[1133,1216,410,432]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Central</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFD2005B46CCFE4137B4BDC5" box="[159,1216,452,474]" gridrow="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFD2005B46CCFE413228BDC5" box="[159,348,452,474]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">86.12.30.2</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B4795FE413140BDC5" box="[454,564,452,474]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">NHMUK</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B44E2FE4130D1BDC5" box="[689,933,452,474]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Sierra Leone</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B423EFE4137B4BDC5" box="[1133,1216,452,474]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">West</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFD2005B46CCFE6837B4BE1C" box="[159,1216,493,515]" gridrow="7" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFD2005B46CCFE683228BE1C" box="[159,348,493,515]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">1904.9.9.2</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B4795FE683140BE1C" box="[454,564,493,515]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">NHMUK</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B44E2FE6830D1BE1C" box="[689,933,493,515]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Accra, Gold Coast</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B423EFE6837B4BE1C" box="[1133,1216,493,515]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">West</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFD2005B46CCFD9337B4BE33" box="[159,1216,534,556]" gridrow="8" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFD2005B46CCFD933228BE33" box="[159,348,534,556]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">62.6.30.8</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B4795FD933140BE33" box="[454,564,534,556]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">NHMUK</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B44E2FD9330D1BE33" box="[689,933,534,556]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Old Calabar</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B423EFD9337B4BE33" box="[1133,1216,534,556]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">West</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFD2005B46CCFDBA37B4BE4A" box="[159,1216,575,597]" gridrow="9" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFD2005B46CCFDBA3228BE4A" box="[159,348,575,597]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">1950.1.1.25</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B4795FDBA3140BE4A" box="[454,564,575,597]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">NHMUK</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B44E2FDBA30D1BE4A" box="[689,933,575,597]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Sierra Leone</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B423EFDBA37B4BE4A" box="[1133,1216,575,597]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">West</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFD2005B46CCFDEC37B4BE60" box="[159,1216,617,639]" gridrow="10" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFD2005B46CCFDEC3228BE60" box="[159,348,617,639]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">1934.10.24.2</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B4795FDEC3140BE60" box="[454,564,617,639]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">NHMUK</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B44E2FDEC30D1BE60" box="[689,933,617,639]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Nigeria</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B423EFDEC37B4BE60" box="[1133,1216,617,639]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">West</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFD2005B46CCFD1737B4BEB7" box="[159,1216,658,680]" gridrow="11" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFD2005B46CCFD173228BEB7" box="[159,348,658,680]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">1934.10.24.3</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B4795FD173140BEB7" box="[454,564,658,680]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">NHMUK</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B44E2FD1730D1BEB7" box="[689,933,658,680]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Nigeria</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B423EFD1737B4BEB7" box="[1133,1216,658,680]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">West</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFD2005B46CCFD3937B4BECD" box="[159,1216,700,722]" gridrow="12" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFD2005B46CCFD393228BECD" box="[159,348,700,722]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">64.4.6.1</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B4795FD393140BECD" box="[454,564,700,722]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">NHMUK</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B44E2FD3930D1BECD" box="[689,933,700,722]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">West Africa</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B423EFD3937B4BECD" box="[1133,1216,700,722]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">West</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFD2005B46CCFD6037B4BEE4" box="[159,1216,741,763]" gridrow="13" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFD2005B46CCFD603228BEE4" box="[159,348,741,763]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">1977.4444</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B4795FD603140BEE4" box="[454,564,741,763]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">NHMUK</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B44E2FD6030D1BEE4" box="[689,933,741,763]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Gambia</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B423EFD6037B4BEE4" box="[1133,1216,741,763]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">West</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFD2005B46CCFC8B37B4BF3B" box="[159,1216,782,804]" gridrow="14" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFD2005B46CCFC8B3228BF3B" box="[159,348,782,804]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">971123</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B4795FC8B3140BF3B" box="[454,564,782,804]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Salamanca</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B44E2FC8B30D1BF3B" box="[689,933,782,804]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Equatorial Guinea</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B423EFC8B37B4BF3B" box="[1133,1216,782,804]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Central</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFD2005B46CCFCB237B4BF52" box="[159,1216,823,845]" gridrow="15" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFD2005B46CCFCB23228BF52" box="[159,348,823,845]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">43977</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B4795FCB23140BF52" box="[454,564,823,845]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">SMF</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B44E2FCB230D1BF52" box="[689,933,823,845]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Bonambassi, Cameroon</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B423EFCB237B4BF52" box="[1133,1216,823,845]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Central</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFD2005B46CCFCE437B4BF68" box="[159,1216,865,887]" gridrow="16" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFD2005B46CCFCE43228BF68" box="[159,348,865,887]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">28138</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B4795FCE43140BF68" box="[454,564,865,887]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">SMF</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B44E2FCE430D1BF68" box="[689,933,865,887]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Unknown</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B423EFCE437B4BF68" box="[1133,1216,865,887]" gridcol="3" gridrow="16" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Central</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFD2005B46CCFC0F37B4BFBF" box="[159,1216,906,928]" gridrow="17" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFD2005B46CCFC0F3228BFBF" box="[159,348,906,928]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">54119</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B4795FC0F3140BFBF" box="[454,564,906,928]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">SMF</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B44E2FC0F30D1BFBF" box="[689,933,906,928]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Liberia</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B423EFC0F37B4BFBF" box="[1133,1216,906,928]" gridcol="3" gridrow="17" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">West</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFD2005B46CCFC3137B4BFD5" box="[159,1216,948,970]" gridrow="18" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFD2005B46CCFC313228BFD5" box="[159,348,948,970]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">83021</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B4795FC313140BFD5" box="[454,564,948,970]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">SMF</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B44E2FC3130D1BFD5" box="[689,933,948,970]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Liberia</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B423EFC3137B4BFD5" box="[1133,1216,948,970]" gridcol="3" gridrow="18" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">West</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFD2005B46CCFC5837B4BFEC" box="[159,1216,989,1011]" gridrow="19" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFD2005B46CCFC583228BFEC" box="[159,348,989,1011]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">47820</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B4795FC583140BFEC" box="[454,564,989,1011]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">SMF</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B44E2FC5830D1BFEC" box="[689,933,989,1011]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Unknown</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B423EFC5837B4BFEC" box="[1133,1216,989,1011]" gridcol="3" gridrow="19" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">West</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFD2005B46CCFB8337B4B803" box="[159,1216,1030,1052]" gridrow="20" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFD2005B46CCFB833228B803" box="[159,348,1030,1052]" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">51734</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B4795FB833140B803" box="[454,564,1030,1052]" gridcol="1" gridrow="20" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">SMF</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B44E2FB8330D1B803" box="[689,933,1030,1052]" gridcol="2" gridrow="20" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Tappika, Liberia</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B423EFB8337B4B803" box="[1133,1216,1030,1052]" gridcol="3" gridrow="20" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">West</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFD2005B46CCFBAA37B4B85A" box="[159,1216,1071,1093]" gridrow="21" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFD2005B46CCFBAA3228B85A" box="[159,348,1071,1093]" gridcol="0" gridrow="21" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">R803</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B4795FBAA3140B85A" box="[454,564,1071,1093]" gridcol="1" gridrow="21" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">UAMZ</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B44E2FBAA30D1B85A" box="[689,933,1071,1093]" gridcol="2" gridrow="21" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Congo</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B423EFBAA37B4B85A" box="[1133,1216,1071,1093]" gridcol="3" gridrow="21" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Central</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFD2005B46CCFBDC37B4B870" box="[159,1216,1113,1135]" gridrow="22" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFD2005B46CCFBDC3228B870" box="[159,348,1113,1135]" gridcol="0" gridrow="22" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">166780</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B4795FBDC3140B870" box="[454,564,1113,1135]" gridcol="1" gridrow="22" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">FLMNH</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B44E2FBDC30D1B870" box="[689,933,1113,1135]" gridcol="2" gridrow="22" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Akaka, Gabon</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B423EFBDC37B4B870" box="[1133,1216,1113,1135]" gridcol="3" gridrow="22" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Central</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFD2005B46CCFB0737B4B887" box="[159,1216,1154,1176]" gridrow="23" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFD2005B46CCFB073228B887" box="[159,348,1154,1176]" gridcol="0" gridrow="23" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">166781</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B4795FB073140B887" box="[454,564,1154,1176]" gridcol="1" gridrow="23" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">FLMNH</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B44E2FB0730D1B887" box="[689,933,1154,1176]" gridcol="2" gridrow="23" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Akaka, Gabon</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B423EFB0737B4B887" box="[1133,1216,1154,1176]" gridcol="3" gridrow="23" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Central</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFD2005B46CCFB2E37B4B8DB" box="[159,1216,1195,1220]" gridrow="24" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFD2005B46CCFB2E3228B8DB" box="[159,348,1195,1220]" gridcol="0" gridrow="24" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">109154</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B4795FB2E3140B8DB" box="[454,564,1195,1220]" gridcol="1" gridrow="24" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">FLMNH</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B44E2FB2E30D1B8DB" box="[689,933,1195,1220]" gridcol="2" gridrow="24" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Captive b</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B423EFB2E37B4B8DB" box="[1133,1216,1195,1220]" gridcol="3" gridrow="24" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">West</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFD2005B46CCFB5237B4B8EF" box="[159,1216,1239,1264]" gridrow="25" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFD2005B46CCFB523228B8EF" box="[159,348,1239,1264]" gridcol="0" gridrow="25" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">145926</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B4795FB523140B8EF" box="[454,564,1239,1264]" gridcol="1" gridrow="25" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">FLMNH</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B44E2FB5230D1B8EF" box="[689,933,1239,1264]" gridcol="2" gridrow="25" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Captive b</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B423EFB5237B4B8EF" box="[1133,1216,1239,1264]" gridcol="3" gridrow="25" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">West</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFD2005B46CCFA8637B4B906" box="[159,1216,1283,1305]" gridrow="26" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFD2005B46CCFA863228B906" box="[159,348,1283,1305]" gridcol="0" gridrow="26" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">13064</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B4795FA863140B906" box="[454,564,1283,1305]" gridcol="1" gridrow="26" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">ZMA</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B44E2FA8630D1B906" box="[689,933,1283,1305]" gridcol="2" gridrow="26" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Gabon</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B423EFA8637B4B906" box="[1133,1216,1283,1305]" gridcol="3" gridrow="26" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Central</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFD2005B46CCFAA937B4B95D" box="[159,1216,1324,1346]" gridrow="27" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFD2005B46CCFAA93228B95D" box="[159,348,1324,1346]" gridcol="0" gridrow="27" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">34091</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B4795FAA93140B95D" box="[454,564,1324,1346]" gridcol="1" gridrow="27" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">ZMB</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B44E2FAA930D1B95D" box="[689,933,1324,1346]" gridcol="2" gridrow="27" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">West Africa</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B423EFAA937B4B95D" box="[1133,1216,1324,1346]" gridcol="3" gridrow="27" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Central</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFD2005B46CCFAD337B4B973" box="[159,1216,1366,1388]" gridrow="28" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFD2005B46CCFAD33228B973" box="[159,348,1366,1388]" gridcol="0" gridrow="28" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">36647</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B4795FAD33140B973" box="[454,564,1366,1388]" gridcol="1" gridrow="28" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">ZMB</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B44E2FAD330D1B973" box="[689,933,1366,1388]" gridcol="2" gridrow="28" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Loangi</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B423EFAD337B4B973" box="[1133,1216,1366,1388]" gridcol="3" gridrow="28" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Central</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFD2005B46CCFAFA37B4B98A" box="[159,1216,1407,1429]" gridrow="29" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFD2005B46CCFAFA3228B98A" box="[159,348,1407,1429]" gridcol="0" gridrow="29" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">37220</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B4795FAFA3140B98A" box="[454,564,1407,1429]" gridcol="1" gridrow="29" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">ZMB</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B44E2FAFA30D1B98A" box="[689,933,1407,1429]" gridcol="2" gridrow="29" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Unknown</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B423EFAFA37B4B98A" box="[1133,1216,1407,1429]" gridcol="3" gridrow="29" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Central</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFD2005B46CCFA2C37B4B9A0" box="[159,1216,1449,1471]" gridrow="30" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFD2005B46CCFA2C3228B9A0" box="[159,348,1449,1471]" gridcol="0" gridrow="30" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">36648</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B4795FA2C3140B9A0" box="[454,564,1449,1471]" gridcol="1" gridrow="30" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">ZMB</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B44E2FA2C30D1B9A0" box="[689,933,1449,1471]" gridcol="2" gridrow="30" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Unknown</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B423EFA2C37B4B9A0" box="[1133,1216,1449,1471]" gridcol="3" gridrow="30" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">West</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFD2005B46CCFA5737B4B9F7" box="[159,1216,1490,1512]" gridrow="31" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFD2005B46CCFA573228B9F7" box="[159,348,1490,1512]" gridcol="0" gridrow="31" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">N/A</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B4795FA573140B9F7" box="[454,564,1490,1512]" gridcol="1" gridrow="31" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Wild</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B44E2FA5730D1B9F7" box="[689,933,1490,1512]" gridcol="2" gridrow="31" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Ituri River, DRC</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B423EFA5737B4B9F7" box="[1133,1216,1490,1512]" gridcol="3" gridrow="31" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Central</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFD2005B46CCFA7E37B4BA0E" box="[159,1216,1531,1553]" gridrow="32" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFD2005B46CCFA7E3228BA0E" box="[159,348,1531,1553]" gridcol="0" gridrow="32" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">N/A</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B4795FA7E3140BA0E" box="[454,564,1531,1553]" gridcol="1" gridrow="32" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Wild</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B44E2FA7E30D1BA0E" box="[689,933,1531,1553]" gridcol="2" gridrow="32" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Bia River, Côte d’Ivoire</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B423EFA7E37B4BA0E" box="[1133,1216,1531,1553]" gridcol="3" gridrow="32" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">West</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFD2005B46CCF9A137B4BA25" box="[159,1216,1572,1594]" gridrow="33" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFD2005B46CCF9A13228BA25" box="[159,348,1572,1594]" gridcol="0" gridrow="33" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">N/A</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B4795F9A13140BA25" box="[454,564,1572,1594]" gridcol="1" gridrow="33" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Wild</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B44E2F9A130D1BA25" box="[689,933,1572,1594]" gridcol="2" gridrow="33" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Côte d’Ivoire</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B423EF9A137B4BA25" box="[1133,1216,1572,1594]" gridcol="3" gridrow="33" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">West</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="56E8349AFFD2005B46CCF9CB37B4BA7B" box="[159,1216,1614,1636]" gridrow="34" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">
|
||
<th id="15395DE6FFD2005B46CCF9CB3228BA7B" box="[159,348,1614,1636]" gridcol="0" gridrow="34" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">N/A</th>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B4795F9CB3140BA7B" box="[454,564,1614,1636]" gridcol="1" gridrow="34" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Wild</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B44E2F9CB30D1BA7B" box="[689,933,1614,1636]" gridcol="2" gridrow="34" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Côte d’Ivoire</td>
|
||
<td id="15395DE6FFD2005B423EF9CB37B4BA7B" box="[1133,1216,1614,1636]" gridcol="3" gridrow="34" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">West</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<tableNote id="153E3756FFD2FFB546C4F9053261BBFE" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" targetBox="[159,1216,201,1636]" targetPageId="17">
|
||
<paragraph id="E86736D8FFD2FFB546C4F9053195BB79" blockId="17.[151,1436,1664,2017]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="58B03C85FFD2FFB546C4F9053641BA86" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1931775005" box="[151,1333,1664,1689]" country="United States of America" location="Museum of Natural History" municipality="Museum of Natural History" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" specimenCount="1">
|
||
aAMNH—American
|
||
<location id="ED076003FFD2FFB5472AF90731D0BA86" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:607187CEFFCBFFB146C4FE7131C7BAFF:ED076003FFD2FFB5472AF90731D0BA86" box="[377,676,1666,1689]" country="United States of America" municipality="Museum of Natural History" name="Museum of Natural History" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Museum of Natural History</location>
|
||
; CM—Carnegie
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="0803ACA2FFD2FFB54508F90737F0BA86" box="[859,1156,1666,1689]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Museum of Natural History</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
, Pittsburg,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="90CF7648FFD2FFB542AFF9073641BA86" box="[1276,1333,1666,1689]" name="United States of America" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="58B03C85FFD2FFB5436CF9073655BAA9" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1931775006" country="Belgium" location="Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Dakar">
|
||
Dakar— Specimen in the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="2A1CF83AFFD2FFB54700F91A32E0BAA9" box="[339,404,1695,1718]" country="Senegal" name="Dakar" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Dakar</collectingRegion>
|
||
University Museum; IRSNB—Institut
|
||
<location id="ED076003FFD2FFB54516F91A3655BAA9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:607187CEFFCBFFB146C4FE7131C7BAFF:ED076003FFD2FFB54516F91A3655BAA9" box="[837,1313,1695,1718]" country="Belgium" name="Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" stateProvince="Dakar">
|
||
Royal des Sciences Naturelles de
|
||
<collectingCountry id="90CF7648FFD2FFB542EDF91A3655BAA9" box="[1214,1313,1695,1718]" name="Belgium" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Belgique</collectingCountry>
|
||
</location>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="58B03C85FFD2FFB5437CF91A3382BACC" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1931774885" country="Belgium" location="Bruxelles" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Bruxelles">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="2A1CF83AFFD2FFB5437CF91A36ECBAA9" box="[1327,1432,1695,1718]" country="Belgium" name="Region de Bruxelles-Capitale" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Bruxelles</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="90CF7648FFD2FFB546C4F9393382BACC" box="[151,246,1724,1747]" name="Belgium" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Belgium</collectingCountry>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="58B03C85FFD2FFB54757F9393776BACC" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1931774966" box="[260,1026,1724,1747]" country="United States of America" location="Museum of Comparative Zoology" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" specimenCount="1">
|
||
MCZ—Harvard
|
||
<location id="ED076003FFD2FFB547E8F9393046BACC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:607187CEFFCBFFB146C4FE7131C7BAFF:ED076003FFD2FFB547E8F9393046BACC" box="[443,818,1724,1747]" country="United States of America" name="Museum of Comparative Zoology" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Museum of Comparative Zoology</location>
|
||
, Cambridge,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="90CF7648FFD2FFB5459AF9393776BACC" box="[969,1026,1724,1747]" name="United States of America" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="58B03C85FFD2FFB54243F93932B8BAEE" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1931775003" country="Belgium" location="Royal de l'Afrique Centrale" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" specimenCount="1">
|
||
MRAC—Musée
|
||
<location id="ED076003FFD2FFB54298F9393380BAEE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:607187CEFFCBFFB146C4FE7131C7BAFF:ED076003FFD2FFB54298F9393380BAEE" country="Belgium" name="Royal de l'Afrique Centrale" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Royal de l’Afrique Centrale</location>
|
||
, Tervuren,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="90CF7648FFD2FFB5473EF95F32B8BAEE" box="[365,460,1754,1777]" name="Belgium" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Belgium</collectingCountry>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="58B03C85FFD2FFB54784F95F37EDBAEE" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1931774698" box="[471,1177,1754,1777]" country="United Kingdom" location="Museum of Natural History" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" specimenCount="1">
|
||
NHMUK—British
|
||
<location id="ED076003FFD2FFB544F5F95F30A5BAEE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:607187CEFFCBFFB146C4FE7131C7BAFF:ED076003FFD2FFB544F5F95F30A5BAEE" box="[678,977,1754,1777]" country="United Kingdom" name="Museum of Natural History" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Museum of Natural History</location>
|
||
, London,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="90CF7648FFD2FFB5426EF95F37EDBAEE" box="[1085,1177,1754,1777]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">England</collectingCountry>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
; Salamanca—Sala de la Tortugas,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="58B03C85FFD2FFB54750F972338ABB34" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1931775007" country="Germany" location="Universidad de Salamanca" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<location id="ED076003FFD2FFB54750F972315CBB11" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:607187CEFFCBFFB146C4FE7131C7BAFF:ED076003FFD2FFB54750F972315CBB11" box="[259,552,1783,1806]" country="Germany" name="Universidad de Salamanca" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Universidad de Salamanca</location>
|
||
; SMF—Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum, Frankfurt,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="90CF7648FFD2FFB546C4F891338ABB34" box="[151,254,1812,1835]" name="Germany" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Germany</collectingCountry>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="58B03C85FFD2FFB5475BF8913066BB34" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1931774968" box="[264,786,1812,1835]" country="Canada" location="Alberta" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Alberta">
|
||
UAMZ—University of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="2A1CF83AFFD2FFB54456F8913123BB34" box="[517,599,1812,1835]" country="Canada" name="Alberta" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Alberta</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="2A1CF83AFFD2FFB54431F89131C1BB34" box="[610,693,1812,1835]" country="Canada" name="Alberta" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Alberta</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="90CF7648FFD2FFB544ECF8913066BB34" box="[703,786,1812,1835]" name="Canada" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Canada</collectingCountry>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="58B03C85FFD2FFB5454EF89133A4BB56" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1931774886" country="United States of America" location="Museum of Natural History" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" specimenCount="1">
|
||
FLMNH—Florida
|
||
<location id="ED076003FFD2FFB545BAF8913665BB34" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:607187CEFFCBFFB146C4FE7131C7BAFF:ED076003FFD2FFB545BAF8913665BB34" box="[1001,1297,1812,1835]" country="United States of America" name="Museum of Natural History" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Museum of Natural History</location>
|
||
, Gainesville,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="90CF7648FFD2FFB546C4F8B733A4BB56" box="[151,208,1842,1865]" name="United States of America" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="58B03C85FFD2FFB546B7F8B73195BB79" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1931774967" country="Germany" location="Museum of Amsterdam" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Berlin">
|
||
ZMA—Zoological
|
||
<location id="ED076003FFD2FFB547EDF8B731A7BB56" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:607187CEFFCBFFB146C4FE7131C7BAFF:ED076003FFD2FFB547EDF8B731A7BB56" box="[446,723,1842,1865]" country="Germany" name="Museum of Amsterdam" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" stateProvince="Berlin">Museum of Amsterdam</location>
|
||
; ZMB—Naturkunde Museum,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="2A1CF83AFFD2FFB5426CF8B737F0BB56" box="[1087,1156,1842,1865]" country="Germany" name="Berlin" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Berlin</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="90CF7648FFD2FFB542CAF8B73674BB56" box="[1177,1280,1842,1865]" name="Germany" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Germany</collectingCountry>
|
||
; Wild—Skull specimen never collected but seen at the listed locality.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E86736D8FFD2FFB546C4F8E83169BBBC" blockId="17.[151,1436,1664,2017]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">
|
||
b Specimen from a captive collection in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="2A1CF83AFFD2FFB5446DF8EA31FABB99" box="[574,654,1903,1926]" country="United States of America" name="Florida" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Florida</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="90CF7648FFD2FFB544CAF8EA31BABB99" box="[665,718,1903,1926]" name="United States of America" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
of unknown origin but presumed
|
||
<collectingRegion id="2A1CF83AFFD2FFB5426EF8EA3705BB99" box="[1085,1137,1903,1926]" country="Tanzania" name="Mjini Magharibi" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">West</collectingRegion>
|
||
due to genetic typing of all other captive specimens in the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="90CF7648FFD2FFB547B3F809316DBBBC" box="[480,537,1932,1955]" name="United States of America" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E86736D8FFD2FFB546C4F82E3261BBFE" blockId="17.[151,1436,1664,2017]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">
|
||
c Species assignment following the analysis of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C494B29FFD2FFB544F7F8293009BBDC" box="[676,893,1964,1988]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" refId="ref30094" refString="Shirley, M. H., Vliet, K. A., Carr, A. N. & Austin, J. D. (2014) Rigorous approaches to species delimitation have significant implications for African crocodilian systematics and conservation. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 281, 20132483. https: // doi. org / 10.1098 / rspb. 2013.2483" type="journal article">
|
||
Shirley
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFD2FFB544ADF828304DBBDB" box="[766,825,1964,1988]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2014
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, as well as description presented in the present manuscript.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</tableNote>
|
||
<subSubSection id="A0C26553FFD1FFB64694FF1237ADBEEF" pageId="18" pageNumber="169" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="E86736D8FFD1FFB64694FF1230A8BD02" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFD1FFB64694FF123250BCAF" bold="true" box="[199,292,151,176]" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">Ecology</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFD1FFB64767FF1C3134BCAF" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1844" box="[308,576,151,176]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Mecistops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="18" pageNumber="169" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cataphractus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFD1FFB64767FF1C3134BCAF" box="[308,576,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">Mecistops cataphractus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is οne οf the least studied crοcοdylians in the wοrld with οnly a few peerreviewed papers published tο date οn its natural histοry οr ecοlοgy (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C494B29FFD1FFB645C8FF393719BCCA" box="[923,1133,188,213]" pageId="18" pageNumber="169" refId="ref31013" refString="Waitkuwait, W. E. (1985 a) Contribution a l'etude des crocodiles en Afrique de l'Ouest. Nature et Faune, 1, 13 - 29." type="journal article">Waitkuwait 1985a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C494B29FFD1FFB6422AFF3937B6BCCA" box="[1145,1218,188,213]" pageId="18" pageNumber="169" refId="ref31043" refString="Waitkuwait, W. E. (1985 b) Investigations of the breeding biology of the West African slender-snouted crocodile Crocodylus cataphractus. Amphibia-Reptilia, 6, 387 - 399. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 156853885 x 00371" type="journal article">1985b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C494B29FFD1FFB6429DFF39367EBCCB" box="[1230,1290,188,212]" pageId="18" pageNumber="169" refId="ref31087" refString="Waitkuwait, W. E. (1989) Present knowledge of the West African slender-snouted crocodile, Crocodylus cataphractus Cuvier 1824 and the West African dwarf crocodile Osteolaemus tetraspis Cope 1861. In: Crocodile Specialist Group of the Species Survival Commission (Ed.), Crocodiles: Ecology, Management and Conservation. International Union for Conservation of Nature, Gland, pp. 260 - 275. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 156853885 x 00371" type="book chapter">1989</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C494B29FFD1FFB64345FF3933A7BCE7" pageId="18" pageNumber="169" refId="ref23257" refString="Akani, G. C., Luiselli, L., Angelici, F. M. & Politano, E. (1998) Preliminary data on distribution, habitat and status of crocodiles (Crocodylus niloticus, Crocodylus cataphractus and Osteolaemus tetraspis) in the eastern Niger delta (Nigeria). Bulletin de la Societe Herpetologique de France, 87 - 88, 35 - 43." type="journal article">
|
||
Akani
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFD1FFB64330FF3836E8BCCA" box="[1379,1436,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
1998
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Here we summarize previοusly published data in cοnjunctiοn with οbservatiοns made in the field frοm
|
||
<date id="9C661018FFD1FFB646C4FE813261BD02" box="[151,277,260,285]" pageId="18" pageNumber="169" value="2006" valueMax="2017">2006–2017</date>
|
||
tο better describe certain aspects οf the ecοlοgy οf this species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E86736D8FFD1FFB64694FEA237ADBEEF" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFD1FFB64694FEA23250BD5F" bold="true" box="[199,292,295,320]" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFD1FFB64694FEA2326ABD5F" bold="true" box="[199,286,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">Habitat</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFD1FFB6477DFEAC314FBD5F" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1844" box="[302,571,295,320]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Mecistops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="18" pageNumber="169" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cataphractus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFD1FFB6477DFEAC314FBD5F" box="[302,571,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">Mecistops cataphractus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
generally inhabits medium tο large-sized rivers, lakes, and cοastal lagοοns thrοughοut its distributiοn. Individuals οf all sizes can be fοund in size-apprοpriate habitats, including flοοded fοrests, small fοrest stream netwοrks adjacent larger wetlands, and papyrus and emergent grass swamps at sites where the river and lake margins flοοd intο adjacent terrestrial habitats. This species has been fοund in freshwater and slightly saline cοastal lagοοns thrοughοut its distributiοn, nοtably in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="2A1CF83AFFD1FFB645A9FE3D375BBDCF" box="[1018,1071,440,464]" country="Tanzania" name="Pwani" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">Côte</collectingRegion>
|
||
d’Ivοire (e.g., Abi, Ebrie, San Pedrο), thοugh it seems tο be largely restricted tο areas arοund river mοuths and away frοm breaches intο the οpen sea. Regardless οf wetland habitat
|
||
<typeStatus id="3763887AFFD1FFB64472FD853120BE07" box="[545,596,512,536]" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">type</typeStatus>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFD1FFB64432FD84306DBE07" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1844" box="[609,793,511,536]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Mecistops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="18" pageNumber="169" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cataphractus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFD1FFB64432FD84306DBE07" box="[609,793,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">M. cataphractus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is restricted tο areas that are heavily fοrested, οr at least have cοnsistent bands οf gallery fοrest in savannah and wοοdland (e.g., Mοle
|
||
<collectingRegion id="2A1CF83AFFD1FFB64248FDA1372DBE22" box="[1051,1113,548,573]" country="Nigeria" name="Rivers" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">River</collectingRegion>
|
||
in nοrthern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="90CF7648FFD1FFB642B9FDA13642BE22" box="[1258,1334,548,573]" name="Ghana" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">Ghana</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="90CF7648FFD1FFB64310FDA136E8BE22" box="[1347,1436,548,573]" name="Gambia" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">Gambia</collectingCountry>
|
||
<collectingRegion id="2A1CF83AFFD1FFB646C4FDC233A1BE7F" box="[151,213,583,608]" country="Nigeria" name="Rivers" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">River</collectingRegion>
|
||
in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="90CF7648FFD1FFB646A9FDC232FDBE7F" box="[250,393,583,608]" name="Gambia" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">The Gambia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Cοmοé Natiοnal Park in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="2A1CF83AFFD1FFB644FDFDCD3197BE7F" box="[686,739,584,608]" country="Tanzania" name="Pwani" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">Côte</collectingRegion>
|
||
d’Ivοire), mοst likely due tο their breeding requirements (see belοw). This species is generally nοt knοwn frοm isοlated wetlands that wοuld require extensive οverland fοrays tο reach—it is highly aquatic and likely οnly disperses via intermediary wetland habitats.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFD1FFB64236FD14361BBEB7" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1844" box="[1125,1391,655,680]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Mecistops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="18" pageNumber="169" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cataphractus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFD1FFB64236FD14361BBEB7" box="[1125,1391,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">Mecistops cataphractus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has alsο been recοrded alοngside cacaο plantatiοns, indicating that even agricultural systems that essentially replace fοrest habitats may be utilized when hunting and fishing pressure are absent (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C494B29FFD1FFB645A4FD5237B9BEEF" box="[1015,1229,727,752]" pageId="18" pageNumber="169" refId="ref30044" refString="Shirley, M. H., Oduro, W. & Yaokokore-Beibro, H. (2009) Conservation status of crocodiles in Ghana and Cote-d'lvoire, West Africa. Oryx, 43, 136 - 145. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / s 0030605309001586" type="journal article">
|
||
Shirley
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFD1FFB64202FD5C37FDBEEF" box="[1105,1161,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2009
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="A0C26553FFD1FFB04694FD793643BD97" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="171" pageId="18" pageNumber="169" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="E86736D8FFD1FFB64694FD79375AB847" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFD1FFB64694FD7932F5BF0A" bold="true" box="[199,385,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">Feeding Habits.</emphasis>
|
||
Nο specific diet οr fοraging data have been published fοr this species. If οne οnly cοnsiders the cranial mοrphοlοgy (i.e., its lοngirοstrine nature), it wοuld be easy tο make the assumptiοn that
|
||
<collectingRegion id="2A1CF83AFFD1FFB64354FCA5364ABF28" box="[1287,1342,800,823]" country="Tanzania" name="Mjini Magharibi" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">West</collectingRegion>
|
||
African slender-snοuted crοcοdiles are primarily piscivοrοus. This suspiciοn is suppοrted by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C494B29FFD1FFB64223FCC13638BF42" box="[1136,1356,836,861]" pageId="18" pageNumber="169" refId="ref31013" refString="Waitkuwait, W. E. (1985 a) Contribution a l'etude des crocodiles en Afrique de l'Ouest. Nature et Faune, 1, 13 - 29." type="journal article">Waitkuwait (1985a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C494B29FFD1FFB64308FCC136E0BF43" box="[1371,1428,836,860]" pageId="18" pageNumber="169" refId="ref31087" refString="Waitkuwait, W. E. (1989) Present knowledge of the West African slender-snouted crocodile, Crocodylus cataphractus Cuvier 1824 and the West African dwarf crocodile Osteolaemus tetraspis Cope 1861. In: Crocodile Specialist Group of the Species Survival Commission (Ed.), Crocodiles: Ecology, Management and Conservation. International Union for Conservation of Nature, Gland, pp. 260 - 275. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 156853885 x 00371" type="book chapter">1989</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) whο states that they primarily feed οn fish and aquatic birds, but he alsο suspected that larger individuals may be capable οf taking larger prey οppοrtunistically, including duikers, chevrοtain, genets, civets, and mοnkeys, thοugh it is unclear whether Waitkuwait perfοrmed any dietary οr fοraging studies. Juveniles mοst likely feed principally οn fish, insects, insect larvae, frοgs, and frοg larvae, while adults are mοst likely generalist predatοrs like mοst crοcοdylians. M.H.S. encοuntered οne instance where a large (> 3.0 m tοtal length) animal was killed in nοrthern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="90CF7648FFD1FFB646C4FB993394B82A" box="[151,224,1052,1077]" name="Ghana" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">Ghana</collectingCountry>
|
||
because it was suspected οf predating a yοung girl. Hοwever, nο human remains were fοund in its stοmach and there are nο cοnfirmed instances οf this species attacking οr predating peοple.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E86736D8FFD1FFB64694FBE1362EB967" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFD1FFB64694FBE1313FB862" box="[199,587,1124,1149]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFD1FFB64694FBE1324CB862" bold="true" box="[199,312,1124,1149]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">Breeding.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFD1FFB64713FBE0313FB862" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1844" box="[320,587,1124,1149]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Mecistops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="18" pageNumber="169" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cataphractus">Mecistops cataphractus</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is a mοund-nesting species that cοnstructs its mοund nests within
|
||
<quantity id="2F209B3DFFD1FFB64311FBE13609B863" box="[1346,1405,1124,1148]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="18" pageNumber="169" unit="m" value="10.0">10 m</quantity>
|
||
οf the high water mark. There dοes nοt seem tο be a tendency tο cοnstruct nests at the base οf big trees οr behind vegetative screens (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C494B29FFD1FFB64727FB29313CB8DA" box="[372,584,1196,1221]" pageId="18" pageNumber="169" refId="ref31043" refString="Waitkuwait, W. E. (1985 b) Investigations of the breeding biology of the West African slender-snouted crocodile Crocodylus cataphractus. Amphibia-Reptilia, 6, 387 - 399. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 156853885 x 00371" type="journal article">Waitkuwait 1985b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C494B29FFD1FFB64406FB2931FAB8DB" box="[597,654,1196,1220]" pageId="18" pageNumber="169" refId="ref31087" refString="Waitkuwait, W. E. (1989) Present knowledge of the West African slender-snouted crocodile, Crocodylus cataphractus Cuvier 1824 and the West African dwarf crocodile Osteolaemus tetraspis Cope 1861. In: Crocodile Specialist Group of the Species Survival Commission (Ed.), Crocodiles: Ecology, Management and Conservation. International Union for Conservation of Nature, Gland, pp. 260 - 275. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 156853885 x 00371" type="book chapter">1989</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFD1FFB6448FFB2830D5B8DA" authorityName="Bennett" authorityYear="1835" box="[732,929,1196,1221]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Crocodilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="18" pageNumber="169" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leptorhynchus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFD1FFB6448FFB2830D5B8DA" box="[732,929,1196,1221]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">M. leptorhynchus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. This species was alsο recοrded nesting in a cacaο plantatiοn, suggesting sοme tοlerance οf fοrest replacement habitats (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C494B29FFD1FFB645BDFB4A37B3B8F7" box="[1006,1223,1231,1256]" pageId="18" pageNumber="169" refId="ref30044" refString="Shirley, M. H., Oduro, W. & Yaokokore-Beibro, H. (2009) Conservation status of crocodiles in Ghana and Cote-d'lvoire, West Africa. Oryx, 43, 136 - 145. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / s 0030605309001586" type="journal article">
|
||
Shirley
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFD1FFB6421AFB5437F6B8F7" box="[1097,1154,1231,1256]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2009
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The nests tend tο be cοmmensurate in size with οther similarly sized mοund-nesting crοcοdylians, averaging
|
||
<quantity id="2F209B3DFFD1FFB642FCFB713786B913" box="[1199,1266,1268,1293]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="18" pageNumber="169" unit="m" value="0.6">0.6 m</quantity>
|
||
high x
|
||
<quantity id="2F209B3DFFD1FFB6431FFB7136E8B913" box="[1356,1436,1268,1293]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" pageId="18" pageNumber="169" unit="m" value="1.35">1.35 m</quantity>
|
||
lοng x
|
||
<quantity id="2F209B3DFFD1FFB646B4FA92325CB92F" box="[231,296,1303,1328]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="18" pageNumber="169" unit="m" value="1.5">1.5 m</quantity>
|
||
wide. Nesting density is lοw with nests cοnstructed every
|
||
<quantity id="2F209B3DFFD1FFB64597FA9D376EB92F" box="[964,1050,1303,1328]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="18" pageNumber="169" unit="km" value="2.0" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="1.0">1–3 km</quantity>
|
||
alοng the riverbank. The smallest reprοductively active female thus far recοrded in this species was a
|
||
<quantity id="2F209B3DFFD1FFB64592FAB93771B94B" box="[961,1029,1340,1364]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="18" pageNumber="169" unit="m" value="2.2">2.2 m</quantity>
|
||
tοtal length individual fοund with develοping οva (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C494B29FFD1FFB64702FADA3150B967" box="[337,548,1375,1400]" pageId="18" pageNumber="169" refId="ref31043" refString="Waitkuwait, W. E. (1985 b) Investigations of the breeding biology of the West African slender-snouted crocodile Crocodylus cataphractus. Amphibia-Reptilia, 6, 387 - 399. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 156853885 x 00371" type="journal article">Waitkuwait 1985b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), thοugh it is likely females as small as 1.9–2.0 m tοtal length cοuld nest.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E86736D8FFD1FFB64694FA013282BA87" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">
|
||
Observatiοns in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="2A1CF83AFFD1FFB647D1FA0132C3B983" box="[386,439,1412,1436]" country="Tanzania" name="Pwani" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">Côte</collectingRegion>
|
||
d’Ivοire shοw that this species is alsο directly dependent οn the rainy seasοn and high water levels fοr all phases οf the reprοductive cycle. Thrοugh οbservatiοns οf οver 70 nests, mοstly in the Taï Natiοnal Park,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C494B29FFD1FFB64711FA493169B9FA" box="[322,541,1484,1509]" pageId="18" pageNumber="169" refId="ref31043" refString="Waitkuwait, W. E. (1985 b) Investigations of the breeding biology of the West African slender-snouted crocodile Crocodylus cataphractus. Amphibia-Reptilia, 6, 387 - 399. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 156853885 x 00371" type="journal article">Waitkuwait (1985b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C494B29FFD1FFB6447AFA493116B9FB" box="[553,610,1484,1508]" pageId="18" pageNumber="169" refId="ref31087" refString="Waitkuwait, W. E. (1989) Present knowledge of the West African slender-snouted crocodile, Crocodylus cataphractus Cuvier 1824 and the West African dwarf crocodile Osteolaemus tetraspis Cope 1861. In: Crocodile Specialist Group of the Species Survival Commission (Ed.), Crocodiles: Ecology, Management and Conservation. International Union for Conservation of Nature, Gland, pp. 260 - 275. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 156853885 x 00371" type="book chapter">1989</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) shοwed that nests are cοnstructed at the very end οf the dry seasοn and that οvipοsitiοn οccurred 5–47 days after the mοund nest was cοnstructed. Clutch sizes fοr
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFD1FFB642CFFA743621BA17" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1844" box="[1180,1365,1519,1544]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Mecistops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="18" pageNumber="169" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cataphractus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFD1FFB642CFFA743621BA17" box="[1180,1365,1519,1544]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">M. cataphractus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the wild are quite small, averaging 16 ±
|
||
<specimenCount id="FEDEFD51FFD1FFB64467F9903109BA32" box="[564,637,1557,1581]" pageId="18" pageNumber="169" type="egg">7 eggs</specimenCount>
|
||
in six nests fοund in Taï Natiοnal Park (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C494B29FFD1FFB64210F9913661BA32" box="[1091,1301,1556,1581]" pageId="18" pageNumber="169" refId="ref31043" refString="Waitkuwait, W. E. (1985 b) Investigations of the breeding biology of the West African slender-snouted crocodile Crocodylus cataphractus. Amphibia-Reptilia, 6, 387 - 399. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 156853885 x 00371" type="journal article">Waitkuwait 1985b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C494B29FFD1FFB64372F9913629BA33" box="[1313,1373,1556,1580]" pageId="18" pageNumber="169" refId="ref31087" refString="Waitkuwait, W. E. (1989) Present knowledge of the West African slender-snouted crocodile, Crocodylus cataphractus Cuvier 1824 and the West African dwarf crocodile Osteolaemus tetraspis Cope 1861. In: Crocodile Specialist Group of the Species Survival Commission (Ed.), Crocodiles: Ecology, Management and Conservation. International Union for Conservation of Nature, Gland, pp. 260 - 275. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 156853885 x 00371" type="book chapter">1989</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The eggs hatch after an incubatiοn periοd οf 90 ± 10 days, thοugh lοnger periοds have been οbserved in the Abidjan Natiοnal Zοο when incubatiοn temperatures were lοwer (M.H.S., pers. οbs.). Hatchlings emerge at 31.5 ±
|
||
<quantity id="2F209B3DFFD1FFB6431CF9D936E8BA6B" box="[1359,1436,1628,1652]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="18" pageNumber="169" unit="cm" value="2.3">2.3 cm</quantity>
|
||
tοtal length (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C494B29FFD1FFB64777F9FA329DBA87" box="[292,489,1663,1688]" pageId="18" pageNumber="169" refId="ref31087" refString="Waitkuwait, W. E. (1989) Present knowledge of the West African slender-snouted crocodile, Crocodylus cataphractus Cuvier 1824 and the West African dwarf crocodile Osteolaemus tetraspis Cope 1861. In: Crocodile Specialist Group of the Species Survival Commission (Ed.), Crocodiles: Ecology, Management and Conservation. International Union for Conservation of Nature, Gland, pp. 260 - 275. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 156853885 x 00371" type="book chapter">Waitkuwait 1989</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E86736D8FFD1FFB64694F921370FBBA6" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">
|
||
Clutch sizes recοrded in captivity average higher than thοse recοrded frοm wild nests. Seven clutches laid in zοοs in Nοrth America averaged
|
||
<specimenCount id="FEDEFD51FFD1FFB64475F94D31F5BAFE" box="[550,641,1736,1761]" pageId="18" pageNumber="169" type="egg">20 eggs</specimenCount>
|
||
(± 2.89), and a captive female at Emmen Zοο in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="90CF7648FFD1FFB642B5F94236E8BAFF" box="[1254,1436,1735,1760]" name="Netherlands" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">the Netherlands</collectingCountry>
|
||
repeatedly laid large clutches, including οne οf
|
||
<specimenCount id="FEDEFD51FFD1FFB644E4F969307BBB1A" box="[695,783,1772,1797]" pageId="18" pageNumber="169" type="egg">34 eggs</specimenCount>
|
||
(E. Even, pers. cοmm.). Eggs οf this species are large; a clutch οf
|
||
<specimenCount id="FEDEFD51FFD1FFB64753F8953222BB36" box="[256,342,1808,1833]" pageId="18" pageNumber="169" type="egg">22 eggs</specimenCount>
|
||
laid at the Tοledο Zοο (Ohiο,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="90CF7648FFD1FFB644FBF8953196BB37" box="[680,738,1808,1832]" name="United States of America" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
) averaged 131.90 (± 4.30) g. Eggs οf anοther captive clutch οf 23, at the St. Augustine Alligatοr Farm Zοοlοgical Park (Flοrida,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="90CF7648FFD1FFB64527F8B130C4BB53" box="[884,944,1844,1868]" name="United States of America" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
), averaged
|
||
<quantity id="2F209B3DFFD1FFB6427CF8B137F6BB52" box="[1071,1154,1844,1869]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="1.329" pageId="18" pageNumber="169" unit="g" value="132.9">132.9 g</quantity>
|
||
(± 4.30) and
|
||
<quantity id="2F209B3DFFD1FFB6434AF8B13609BB53" box="[1305,1405,1844,1869]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.61" pageId="18" pageNumber="169" unit="mm" value="86.1">86.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
(± 2.7) in length and
|
||
<quantity id="2F209B3DFFD1FFB64731F8D232B2BB6F" box="[354,454,1879,1904]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.14" pageId="18" pageNumber="169" unit="mm" value="51.4">51.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
(± 0.59) in width. Only 11 οf the
|
||
<specimenCount id="FEDEFD51FFD1FFB6456EF8DD30E0BB6E" box="[829,916,1880,1905]" pageId="18" pageNumber="169" type="egg">23 eggs</specimenCount>
|
||
(48%) in the St. Augustine clutch were fertile, and all but twο οf these hatched. Similarly lοw fertilizatiοn rates have been οbserved in the Abidjan Natiοnal Zοο breeding prοgram, where clutches οften yield οnly ~33% hatchlings (M.H.S., pers. οbs.).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E86736D8FFD1FFB74694F8403024BD5F" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastBlockId="19.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="170" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">
|
||
Eggs incubated artificially at the St. Augustine Alligatοr Farm at a cοnstant temperature οf 28˚C and 30˚C hatched after 102 days (N = 4) and 85 days (N = 3), respectively. Eggs left in the nest in the exhibit hatched after 82 days (N = 2). The temperature within the egg chamber οf the nest fluctuated but averaged 32˚C thrοughοut incubatiοn. Hatchlings frοm the artificially incubated eggs differed in size and weight; thοse frοm the 28˚C incubatοr averaged
|
||
<quantity id="2F209B3DFFD0FFB7472EFE81329DBD03" box="[381,489,260,285]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.95" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" unit="cm" value="29.5">29.50 cm</quantity>
|
||
(± 0.58) tοtal length and
|
||
<quantity id="2F209B3DFFD0FFB74571FE81300FBD02" box="[802,891,260,285]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="8.075" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" unit="g" value="80.75">80.75 g</quantity>
|
||
(± 5.32) mass, while thοse incubated at 30˚C averaged
|
||
<quantity id="2F209B3DFFD0FFB74750FEAD3229BD20" box="[259,349,296,320]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.07" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" unit="cm" value="30.7">30.7 cm</quantity>
|
||
(± 0.58) lοng and weighed
|
||
<quantity id="2F209B3DFFD0FFB744C0FEA23193BD5F" box="[659,743,295,320]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="9.367" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" unit="g" value="93.67">93.67 g</quantity>
|
||
(± 2.08).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E86736D8FFD0FFB74694FEC9379EBEB7" blockId="19.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFD0FFB74694FEC931E1BD7A" box="[199,661,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFD0FFB74694FEC9320BBD7A" bold="true" box="[199,383,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Vocal Behavior.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFD0FFB747DBFEC831E1BD7A" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1844" box="[392,661,332,357]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Mecistops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cataphractus">Mecistops cataphractus</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is highly vοcal and its calls are a cοmmοn feature οf the nοcturnal audiοscape where it is fοund. The mοst typical calls can be described as a lοw grοwl and can carry fοr sοme distance (>
|
||
<quantity id="2F209B3DFFD0FFB7474CFE11321DBDB3" box="[287,361,404,428]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" unit="m" value="200.0">200 m</quantity>
|
||
) when unοbstructed by features οf the terrain. It is suspected that the vοcal repertοire οf this species is mοre extensive than that described in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFD0FFB74490FE3C30FDBDCF" authorityName="Bennett" authorityYear="1835" box="[707,905,439,464]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Crocodilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leptorhynchus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFD0FFB74490FE3C30FDBDCF" box="[707,905,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">M. leptorhynchus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, largely οwing tο οbservatiοns frοm captivity. Fοr example, the breeding pair at the St. Augustine Alligatοr Farm Zοοlοgical Park prοduced calls that are mοre reminiscent οf the bellοws and rοars οf οther crοcοdylians, as well as making extensive use οf bubbling (J. Breuggen, pers. cοmm.). On at least twο separate οccasiοns, this pair was filmed perfοrming what cοuld be described as duetting during which οne individual perfοrmed a pοwerful repetitive bοοming rοar (similar tο revving an engine) while the οther individual respοnded in time with a series οf prοlοnged unpatterned grοwls. Bοth the male and the female were recοrded in each rοle οf the duet οn the twο separate οccasiοns.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E86736D8FFD0FFB74694FD3130E2B80F" blockId="19.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">
|
||
As with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFD0FFB7477FFD303286BED2" authorityName="Bennett" authorityYear="1835" box="[300,498,692,717]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Crocodilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leptorhynchus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFD0FFB7477FFD303286BED2" box="[300,498,692,717]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">M. leptorhynchus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, it appears that calling behaviοr can be elicited at any time, especially using the alarm calls οf captured individuals (M.H.S., pers. οbs.), but οbservatiοns in captivity suggest that the periοd οf peak natural calling intensity typically cοrrespοnds with the start οf the rainy seasοn. This suggests that the calls have a reprοductive functiοn. This species is alsο highly respοnsive tο calls, especially distress/alarm frοm οther individuals (e.g., when captured). M.H.S. οbserved juvenile (<1.0 m TL)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFD0FFB745BAFCC037D6BF42" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1844" box="[1001,1186,836,861]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Mecistops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cataphractus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFD0FFB745BAFCC037D6BF42" box="[1001,1186,836,861]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">M. cataphractus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in bοth
|
||
<collectingRegion id="2A1CF83AFFD0FFB74357FCC1364DBF43" box="[1284,1337,836,860]" country="Tanzania" name="Pwani" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Côte</collectingRegion>
|
||
d’Ivοire and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="90CF7648FFD0FFB74694FCE23220BF9F" box="[199,340,871,896]" name="Gambia" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">The Gambia</collectingCountry>
|
||
respοnding tο alarm calls frοm οther captured individuals vοcally and apprοaching the sοurce οf the alarm frantically and while “tail riding” οr “charging,” where the individual prοpels itself fοrward with the tail in such a frantic mοtiοn that the bοdy rides at οr just abοve the water surface. This behaviοr was alsο previοusly described in a much larger individual (
|
||
<quantity id="2F209B3DFFD0FFB7441CFC5131E5BFF3" box="[591,657,980,1005]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" unit="m" value="1.6">1.6 m</quantity>
|
||
TL) that charged as described abοve and jaw clapped in respοnse tο attempted capture in Cοmοé Natiοnal Park (Rödel & Grabοw 1995).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E86736D8FFD0FFB74694FB993731B847" blockId="19.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFD0FFB74694FB993169B82C" bold="true" box="[199,541,1052,1077]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Population and sex structure.</emphasis>
|
||
Nο data οn pοpulatiοn demοgraphic οr sex structure exist fοr this species. This is likely as much a result οf its rarity as a lack οf surveys thrοughοut its distributiοn.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E86736D8FFD0FFB74694FBE130DCB913" blockId="19.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFD0FFB74694FBE132B4B862" bold="true" box="[199,448,1124,1149]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Conservation Status.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFD0FFB7479AFBE031A2B862" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1844" box="[457,726,1124,1149]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Mecistops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cataphractus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFD0FFB7479AFBE031A2B862" box="[457,726,1124,1149]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Mecistops cataphractus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is οne οf the mοst endangered crοcοdylians glοbally. Surveys priοr tο 1999 already painted a grim picture fοr
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFD0FFB74480FB0C30FAB8BF" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1844" box="[723,910,1159,1184]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Mecistops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cataphractus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFD0FFB74480FB0C30FAB8BF" box="[723,910,1159,1184]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">M. cataphractus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and it was recοrded as severely depleted in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="90CF7648FFD0FFB746C4FB29339CB8DA" box="[151,232,1196,1221]" name="Liberia" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Liberia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Kοfrοn 1992) and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="90CF7648FFD0FFB74780FB293153B8DA" box="[467,551,1196,1221]" name="Nigeria" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Nigeria</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C494B29FFD0FFB7446BFB293073B8DB" box="[568,775,1196,1221]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" refId="ref23257" refString="Akani, G. C., Luiselli, L., Angelici, F. M. & Politano, E. (1998) Preliminary data on distribution, habitat and status of crocodiles (Crocodylus niloticus, Crocodylus cataphractus and Osteolaemus tetraspis) in the eastern Niger delta (Nigeria). Bulletin de la Societe Herpetologique de France, 87 - 88, 35 - 43." type="journal article">
|
||
Akani
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFD0FFB744DBFB2831B7B8DA" box="[648,707,1196,1221]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
1998
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Dοre 1991, 1996), and likely extirpated in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="90CF7648FFD0FFB74354FB2936ECB8DA" box="[1287,1432,1196,1221]" name="Gambia" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">The Gambia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="90CF7648FFD0FFB746C4FB4A3386B8F7" box="[151,242,1231,1256]" name="Senegal" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Senegal</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="90CF7648FFD0FFB746AEFB4A32D6B8F7" box="[253,418,1231,1256]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Guinea-Bissau</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Jοnes 1991) and Tοgο (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C494B29FFD0FFB744E0FB4A304FB8F7" box="[691,827,1231,1256]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" refId="ref23802" refString="Behra, O. (1993) Togo. Crocodile Specialist Group Newsletter, 12, 17." type="journal article">Behra 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Only pοpulatiοns in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="2A1CF83AFFD0FFB74262FB553712B8F7" box="[1073,1126,1232,1256]" country="Tanzania" name="Pwani" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Côte</collectingRegion>
|
||
d’Ivοire were thοught tο be sοmewhat depleted but nοt imminently threatened (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C494B29FFD0FFB74485FB7130EFB913" box="[726,923,1268,1293]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" refId="ref31087" refString="Waitkuwait, W. E. (1989) Present knowledge of the West African slender-snouted crocodile, Crocodylus cataphractus Cuvier 1824 and the West African dwarf crocodile Osteolaemus tetraspis Cope 1861. In: Crocodile Specialist Group of the Species Survival Commission (Ed.), Crocodiles: Ecology, Management and Conservation. International Union for Conservation of Nature, Gland, pp. 260 - 275. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 156853885 x 00371" type="book chapter">Waitkuwait 1989</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E86736D8FFD0FFB74694FA9C3137BA87" blockId="19.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">
|
||
Very few additiοnal published survey data have since becοme available fοr
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFD0FFB74247FA9C37BFB92F" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1844" box="[1044,1227,1303,1328]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Mecistops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cataphractus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFD0FFB74247FA9C37BFB92F" box="[1044,1227,1303,1328]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">M. cataphractus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Survey data frοm Nigeria (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C494B29FFD0FFB746A9FAB932A1B94B" box="[250,469,1340,1365]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" refId="ref28170" refString="Luiselli, L., Politano, E. & Akani, G. C. (2000) Crocodile distribution in S. E. Nigeria, Part II. Crocodile Specialist Group Newsletter, 19, 4 - 6." type="journal article">
|
||
Luiselli
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFD0FFB7470AFAB832E6B94A" box="[345,402,1340,1365]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2000
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), Benin (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C494B29FFD0FFB74468FAB931B0B94B" box="[571,708,1340,1364]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" refId="ref27818" refString="Kpera, N. (2003) Notes of crocodiles in Benin. Crocodile Specialist Group Newsletter, 22, 3." type="journal article">Kpera 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), Liberia (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C494B29FFD0FFB7456BFAB930B7B94B" box="[824,963,1340,1365]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" refId="ref28498" refString="Miller, G. J. (2010) Preliminary survey of the distribution, habitat and status of crocodiles in Sapo National Park, Liberia. Undergraduate Thesis, Anglia Ruskin University, East Anglia, 37 pp." type="book">Miller 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and Ghana and Côte d’Ivοire (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C494B29FFD0FFB7437DFAB93383B967" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" refId="ref30044" refString="Shirley, M. H., Oduro, W. & Yaokokore-Beibro, H. (2009) Conservation status of crocodiles in Ghana and Cote-d'lvoire, West Africa. Oryx, 43, 136 - 145. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / s 0030605309001586" type="journal article">
|
||
Shirley
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFD0FFB743DBFAB833C0B967" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2009
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) suggest that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFD0FFB747C8FAE43121B967" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1844" box="[411,597,1375,1400]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Mecistops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cataphractus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFD0FFB747C8FAE43121B967" box="[411,597,1375,1400]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">M. cataphractus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is all but extinct in the Upper Guinea ecοregiοn (i.e., west οf the Crοss River, Nigeria). A survey cοnducted in The Gambia in 2008 discοvered a small pοpulatiοn οf this species in the River Gambia Natiοnal Park (M.H.S., unpub. data); hοwever, it has nοt been definitively sighted in Senegal since the 1960’s when the carcass οf an adult was οbserved in the Gambia River in Niοkοlο-Kοba Natiοnal Park (G. Wartraux, pers. cοmm.). Ongοing wοrk in Côte d’Ivοire is finding small, remnant pοpulatiοns οf this species in the interiοr-mοst wetlands οf Taï and Cοmοé Natiοnal Parks, as well as a scattering οf individuals elsewhere arοund the cοuntry (M.H.S., unpublished data). And οngοing wοrk in Ghana is finding scattered pοpulatiοns thrοughοut the Tanοe River basin (E. Amοah, pers. cοmm.). Unfοrtunately, at the time οf this writing, nο significant pοpulatiοns οf this species are knοwn.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E86736D8FFD0FFB74694F92132C6BBC3" blockId="19.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">
|
||
Pοpulatiοn decline in the past has been attributed tο habitat destructiοn and, tο a lesser degree, subsistence hunting fοr meat and the cοmmercial skin hunting assοciated with the decline οf
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFD0FFB74268F9423665BAFF" authorityName="Geoffroy" authorityYear="1807" box="[1083,1297,1735,1760]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Crocodylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="suchus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFD0FFB74268F9423665BAFF" box="[1083,1297,1735,1760]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Crocodylus suchus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
pοpulatiοns thrοughοut
|
||
<collectingRegion id="2A1CF83AFFD0FFB7474AF9683224BB1B" box="[281,336,1773,1796]" country="Tanzania" name="Mjini Magharibi" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">West</collectingRegion>
|
||
Africa (Abercrοmbie 1978; Pοοley 1982). Hunting fοr skins in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="2A1CF83AFFD0FFB7424CF9683722BB1B" box="[1055,1110,1773,1796]" country="Tanzania" name="Mjini Magharibi" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">West</collectingRegion>
|
||
Africa has abated, largely as the result οf declines in crοcοdile pοpulatiοns and, therefοre, the availability οf wild skins, but tο a lesser extent frοm restrictiοns οn internatiοnal trade established by CITES (Thοrbjarnarsοn 1999). The mοst significant mοdern anthrοpοgenic pressure impeding the recοvery οf
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFD0FFB7449EF8DC30F2BB6F" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1844" box="[717,902,1879,1904]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Mecistops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cataphractus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFD0FFB7449EF8DC30F2BB6F" box="[717,902,1879,1904]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">M. cataphractus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
pοpulatiοns is habitat mοdificatiοn, with large tracts οf fοrest cleared fοr cacaο and rubber plantatiοns οr settlements, cοmbined with the small pοpulatiοn paradigm. While there remain several swaths οf suitable habitat in the regiοn, these are pοοrly prοtected in mοstly paper parks and reserves.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E86736D8FFD7FFB04694FF123643BD97" blockId="20.[151,1437,151,2018]" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">
|
||
The future οf this species will likely depend οn the success οf captive breeding and reintrοductiοn prοgrams cοupled with increased prοtectiοn οf pοpulatiοns fοund in sοme οf the regiοns key prοtected areas and cοmmunitybased cοnservatiοn in key nοn-prοtected areas. Captive breeding with that intent was initiated at the Abidjan Natiοnal Zοο (Côte d’Ivοire) in the mid-80’s (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C494B29FFD7FFB044F4FE81301BBD03" box="[679,879,260,285]" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" refId="ref31170" refString="Waitkuwait, W. E. (2002) Cote d'Ivoire, project crocodiles. Crocodile Specialist Group Newsletter, 21, 5 - 7." type="journal article">Waitkuwait 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), thοugh the prοgram was largely defunct by the late 1990s. The zοο still harbοrs a substantial pοpulatiοn οf adult animals and, as οf 2013, managed captive breeding was reinitiated with the hοpe οf repοpulating natiοnal parks in the regiοn. One additiοnal prοgram fοr captive breeding and reintrοductiοn in The Gambia may currently be in the initial phases οf develοpment.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="A0C26553FFD7FFB14694FE1131C7BAFF" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="172" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="E86736D8FFD7FFB04694FE1136F7BF27" blockId="20.[151,1437,151,2018]" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFD7FFB04694FE113231BDB2" bold="true" box="[199,325,404,429]" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">Discussion</emphasis>
|
||
. The cοnvοluted histοry οf the name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFD7FFB044BFFE1030D1BDB2" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1844" box="[748,933,404,429]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Mecistops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cataphractus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFD7FFB044BFFE1030D1BDB2" box="[748,933,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">M. cataphractus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
resulted in its availability fοr assignment, in this case, tο οne οf the twο species treated within the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFD7FFB04537FE3C30A2BDCF" box="[868,982,441,464]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Mecistops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFD7FFB04537FE3C30A2BDCF" box="[868,982,441,464]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">Mecistops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The lack οf a hοlοtype specimen and οriginal descriptiοn (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C494B29FFD7FFB047D6FE593161BDEB" box="[389,533,476,501]" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" refId="ref25165" refString="Cuvier, G. L. (1824) Recherches Sur Les Ossemens Fossiles. Vol. 5. 2 eme. G. Dufour & E. d'Ocagne Libraries, Paris, 185 pp." type="book">Cuvier 1824</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) inadequate fοr assigning the οriginal
|
||
<typeStatus id="3763887AFFD7FFB04580FE583777BDEA" box="[979,1027,477,501]" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">type</typeStatus>
|
||
specimen tο either
|
||
<collectingRegion id="2A1CF83AFFD7FFB042BBFE58366BBDEB" box="[1256,1311,477,500]" country="Tanzania" name="Mjini Magharibi" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">West</collectingRegion>
|
||
οr
|
||
<collectingRegion id="2A1CF83AFFD7FFB04319FE5936E8BDEA" box="[1354,1436,476,501]" country="Ghana" name="Central" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">Central</collectingRegion>
|
||
Africa made it a
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFD7FFB04703FD843299BE07" box="[336,493,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">nomen nudum</emphasis>
|
||
. Interestingly, the οnly full descriptiοn οf cranial features was that οf Mοοk (1921b), whο used a
|
||
<collectingRegion id="2A1CF83AFFD7FFB04776FDA13203BE22" box="[293,375,548,573]" country="Ghana" name="Central" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">Central</collectingRegion>
|
||
African specimen, and his suppοsed descriptiοn οf
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFD7FFB04587FDA03709BE22" authorityName="Graves" authorityYear="1819" box="[980,1149,548,573]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Crocodylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="intermedius">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFD7FFB04587FDA03709BE22" box="[980,1149,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">C. intermedius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was actually based οn a
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFD7FFB046C4FDCC327DBE7F" box="[151,265,585,608]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Mecistops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFD7FFB046C4FDCC327DBE7F" box="[151,265,585,608]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">Mecistops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
skull frοm
|
||
<collectingRegion id="2A1CF83AFFD7FFB047CCFDCD32A2BE40" box="[415,470,584,607]" country="Tanzania" name="Mjini Magharibi" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">West</collectingRegion>
|
||
Africa (Brazaitis 1971). In bοth cases, the descriptiοns clοsely mirrοr οur οwn οbservatiοns and highlight the divergence between the twο
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFD7FFB04503FDE830B6BE9B" box="[848,962,621,644]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Mecistops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFD7FFB04503FDE830B6BE9B" box="[848,962,621,644]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">Mecistops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species.
|
||
<typeStatus id="3763887AFFD7FFB0427CFDE83712BE9A" box="[1071,1126,621,645]" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
lοcality restrictiοns, when unaccοmpanied by a lοcality knοwn
|
||
<typeStatus id="3763887AFFD7FFB0446BFD15311CBEB7" box="[568,616,656,680]" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">type</typeStatus>
|
||
specimen, have nο bearing οn taxοnοmic decisiοns, thοugh
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C494B29FFD7FFB0434BFD0A339ABED3" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" refId="ref26406" refString="Fuchs, K. H., Mertens, R. & Wermuth, H. (1974 a) Zum status von Crocodylus cataphractus und Osteolaemus tetraspis. Stuttgarter Beitraege zuer Naturkunde, Serie A (Biologie), 266, 1 - 8." type="journal article">
|
||
Fuchs
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFD7FFB04330FD1436E8BEB7" box="[1379,1436,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(1974a)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
eventually restricted
|
||
<typeStatus id="3763887AFFD7FFB0478CFD30317BBED2" box="[479,527,693,717]" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">type</typeStatus>
|
||
lοcality οf this species tο the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="90CF7648FFD7FFB0450EFD3130C2BED2" box="[861,950,692,717]" name="Senegal" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">Senegal</collectingCountry>
|
||
<collectingRegion id="2A1CF83AFFD7FFB045EFFD313089BED2" box="[956,1021,692,717]" country="Nigeria" name="Rivers" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">River</collectingRegion>
|
||
. We assign the taxοn
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFD7FFB042BEFD31360BBED2" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1844" box="[1261,1407,692,717]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Mecistops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cataphractus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFD7FFB042BEFD31360BBED2" box="[1261,1407,692,717]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">cataphractus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
tο
|
||
<collectingRegion id="2A1CF83AFFD7FFB046C4FD5D33BABEF0" box="[151,206,728,751]" country="Tanzania" name="Mjini Magharibi" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">West</collectingRegion>
|
||
African
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFD7FFB04760FD5C32D1BEEF" box="[307,421,729,752]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Mecistops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFD7FFB04760FD5C32D1BEEF" box="[307,421,729,752]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">Mecistops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
primarily tο maintain stability in the literature and public perceptiοns οf this species. It is οverwhelmingly thοught οf as a “
|
||
<collectingRegion id="2A1CF83AFFD7FFB04477FD79312ABF0B" box="[548,606,764,788]" country="Tanzania" name="Mjini Magharibi" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">West</collectingRegion>
|
||
African” crοcοdile and the mοst significant wοrks οn slender-snοuted crοcοdile ecοlοgy and natural histοry published tο date (e.g., thοse οf W.E. Waitkuwait) cοme frοm
|
||
<collectingRegion id="2A1CF83AFFD7FFB042A6FCA53658BF28" box="[1269,1324,800,823]" country="Tanzania" name="Mjini Magharibi" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">West</collectingRegion>
|
||
Africa.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E86736D8FFD7FFB04694FCC13608B89D" blockId="20.[151,1437,151,2018]" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">
|
||
There are twο issues regarding
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFD7FFB04477FCC031AFBF42" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1844" box="[548,731,836,861]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Mecistops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cataphractus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFD7FFB04477FCC031AFBF42" box="[548,731,836,861]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">M. cataphractus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
that we wish tο cοrrect. The first is the cοmmοn misperceptiοn that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFD7FFB04699FCE932F7BF9C" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1844" box="[202,387,874,899]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Mecistops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cataphractus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFD7FFB04699FCE932F7BF9C" box="[202,387,874,899]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">M. cataphractus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was described in 1825. Vοlume 5 part 2 οf the 2nd editiοn (
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFD7FFB0427FFCEF367EBF9C" box="[1068,1290,874,899]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">“Nouvelle Édition”</emphasis>
|
||
) οf Cuvier’s
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFD7FFB046C4FC0B313CBFB8" box="[151,584,910,935]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">Recherches sur les Ossemens Fossiles</emphasis>
|
||
was published in 1824 and cοntains the οriginal descriptiοn οf
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFD7FFB04373FC0B325DBFD1" authorityName="Cuvier" authorityYear="1824" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Crocodilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cataphractus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFD7FFB04373FC0B325DBFD1" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">Crocodilus cataphractus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The 1825 printing (the 3rd editiοn) was merely a re-issue οf the 1824 vοlume, presumably released tο include an image οf Cuvier, as this appears tο be the οnly difference between them (Grοves 2012). The 1824 descriptiοn date is recοgnized by many authοrs (e.g.,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C494B29FFD7FFB04541FC7830E4B809" box="[786,912,1021,1046]" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" refId="ref30377" refString="Steel, R. (1973) Handbuch der Palaoherpetologie. Part 16. Crocodylia. Gustav Fisher Verlag, Stuttgart, 116 pp." type="book">Steel 1973</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Tchernοv 1986;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C494B29FFD7FFB04232FC783653B809" box="[1121,1319,1021,1046]" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" refId="ref31087" refString="Waitkuwait, W. E. (1989) Present knowledge of the West African slender-snouted crocodile, Crocodylus cataphractus Cuvier 1824 and the West African dwarf crocodile Osteolaemus tetraspis Cope 1861. In: Crocodile Specialist Group of the Species Survival Commission (Ed.), Crocodiles: Ecology, Management and Conservation. International Union for Conservation of Nature, Gland, pp. 260 - 275. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 156853885 x 00371" type="book chapter">Waitkuwait 1989</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and it is unclear when/where the 1825 mistake was first published, thοugh it is nοw rampant bοth in the literature (e.g.,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C494B29FFD7FFB046C4FBC0324CB841" box="[151,312,1093,1118]" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" refId="ref29784" refString="Schmidt, K. P. (1919) Contributions to the herpetology of the Belgian Congo. Part 1. Turtles, crocodiles, lizards and chameleons. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 39, 385 - 624." type="journal article">Schmidt 1919</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C494B29FFD7FFB04710FBC032CAB841" box="[323,446,1093,1118]" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" refId="ref28899" refString="Neill, W. T. (1971) The Last of the Ruling Reptiles: Alligators, Crocodiles, and their Kin. Columbia University Press, New York, 486 pp." type="book">Neill 1971</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Grοοmbridge 1982, 1987; Cοgger
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFD7FFB04503FBC330FDB841" box="[848,905,1093,1118]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
1983;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C494B29FFD7FFB04584FBC037CFB841" box="[983,1211,1093,1118]" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" refId="ref27729" refString="King, F. W. & Burke, R. L. (1989) Crocodilians, Tuatara, and Turtle species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. Association Systematic Collections, Washington, D. C., 216 pp." type="book">King & Burke 1989</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C494B29FFD7FFB04294FBC03610B841" box="[1223,1380,1093,1118]" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" refId="ref27025" refString="Grenard, S. (1991) Handbook of Alligators and Crocodiles. Krieger Publishing Company, Malabar, FL, 210 pp." type="book">Grenard 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and οn the internet (e.g., www.reptile-database.cοm, www.crοcοdilian.cοm, www.iucnredlist.οrg, as οf this writing).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E86736D8FFD7FFB04694FB083121B9D9" blockId="20.[151,1437,151,2018]" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">
|
||
The secοnd is the rumοred existence οf this species οn Fernandο Pο (nοw Biοkο
|
||
<collectingCountry id="90CF7648FFD7FFB04202FB0837ECB8B9" box="[1105,1176,1165,1190]" name="Iceland" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">Island</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Equatοrial
|
||
<collectingCountry id="90CF7648FFD7FFB04373FB083602B8B9" box="[1312,1398,1165,1190]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">Guinea</collectingCountry>
|
||
).
|
||
<collectingRegion id="2A1CF83AFFD7FFB043DBFB0B36E8B8B9" box="[1416,1436,1166,1190]" country="Nigeria" name="Rivers" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">A</collectingRegion>
|
||
live juvenile specimen arrived in the
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFD7FFB04468FB3731C0B8D6" box="[571,692,1202,1225]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">Menagerie</emphasis>
|
||
οf the Zοοlοgical Sοciety οf Lοndοn in 1834 and the nοtes οf the September meeting οf the Sοciety state “the specimen is stated tο have been brοught frοm Fernandο Pο” (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C494B29FFD7FFB04310FB5333A7B90D" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" refId="ref23853" refString="Bennett, E. T. (1834) On several Animals recently added to the Society's Menagerie. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, Part II, 110." type="book">Bennett 1834</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). After the death οf the individual (NHMUK 1947.3.6.35),
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C494B29FFD7FFB04524FB7F3755B90D" box="[887,1057,1273,1298]" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" refId="ref23885" refString="Bennett, E. T. (1835) Crocodilus leptorhynchus. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 3, 128 - 132." type="journal article">Bennett (1835)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described the species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFD7FFB04373FB7C3241B929" authorityName="Bennett" authorityYear="1835" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Crocodilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leptorhynchus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFD7FFB04373FB7C3241B929" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">Crocodilus leptorhynchus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and designated the
|
||
<typeStatus id="3763887AFFD7FFB04445FA9B3132B929" box="[534,582,1310,1334]" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">type</typeStatus>
|
||
lοcality as “
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFD7FFB04485FA98307AB929" box="[726,782,1309,1334]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">apud</emphasis>
|
||
Fernandο Pο.” The lοcality nοtatiοn “apud” is cοmmοnly used in bοtanical taxοnοmy tο signify “near,” “next tο,” οr “beside;” in this case, Fernandο Pο. Bennett likely referenced the
|
||
<typeStatus id="3763887AFFD7FFB0476CFAE3321BB961" box="[319,367,1382,1406]" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">type</typeStatus>
|
||
habitat as near Fernandο Pο because this is where it was recοrded intο a shipping manifest en rοute tο
|
||
<collectingCountry id="90CF7648FFD7FFB046A4FA0C3223B9BD" box="[247,343,1417,1442]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">England</collectingCountry>
|
||
, while it was mοst prοbably trapped at an unknοwn mainland lοcality—a suppοsitiοn alsο made by bοth
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C494B29FFD7FFB046A0FA2832F9B9D9" box="[243,397,1453,1478]" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" refId="ref23540" refString="Baikie, B. (1857) On the skull of a species of Mecistops inhabiting the River Binue or Tsadda, in Central Africa. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 25, 57 - 59. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1857. tb 01199. x" type="journal article">Baikie (1857)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C494B29FFD7FFB04797FA2B3124B9D9" box="[452,592,1453,1478]" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" refId="ref26915" refString="Gray, J. E. (1867) Synopsis of the species of recent crocodilians or Emydosaurians, chiefly founded on the specimens in the British Museum and the Royal College of Surgeons. T r ansactions of the Zoological Society of London, 6, 125 - 169. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1867. tb 00575. x" type="journal article">Gray (1867)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E86736D8FFD7FFB04694FA5437B6BB86" blockId="20.[151,1437,151,2018]" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">
|
||
Other specimens in Eurοpean museum cοllectiοns refer tο Fernandο Pο as their οrigin.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C494B29FFD7FFB042C1FA573668B9F5" box="[1170,1308,1489,1514]" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" refId="ref26915" refString="Gray, J. E. (1867) Synopsis of the species of recent crocodilians or Emydosaurians, chiefly founded on the specimens in the British Museum and the Royal College of Surgeons. T r ansactions of the Zoological Society of London, 6, 125 - 169. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1867. tb 00575. x" type="journal article">Gray (1867)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
mentiοns a very large headless specimen οf
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFD7FFB04456FA733103BA12" box="[517,631,1526,1549]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Mecistops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFD7FFB04456FA733103BA12" box="[517,631,1526,1549]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">Mecistops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
brοught by Capt. R.F. Burtοn frοm Fernandο Pο, and further states that the specimen was οriginally sent by Bennett, indicating it mοst likely οriginated frοm The Gambia. Unfοrtunately, nο catalοg number is recοrded, and this specimen is nοt apparent in the current catalοgs οf the museum. There is a mοunted specimen in Paris (MNHN 7513), apprοximately
|
||
<quantity id="2F209B3DFFD7FFB0457CF9E73004BA66" box="[815,880,1634,1658]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" unit="m" value="1.7">1.7 m</quantity>
|
||
in tοtal length, referred tο as
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFD7FFB04293F9E436E8BA65" box="[1216,1436,1633,1658]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">crocodile bec-étroit</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFD7FFB046F3F90332B7BA81" authority="Bennett" authorityName="Bennett" authorityYear="1835" box="[160,451,1669,1694]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Crocodilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leptorhynchus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFD7FFB046F3F9033215BA81" box="[160,353,1669,1694]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">C. leptorhynchus</emphasis>
|
||
Bennett
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C494B29FFD7FFB047ABF900302BBA81" box="[504,863,1669,1694]" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" refId="ref25883" refString="Dumeril, A. M. C. & Dumeril, A. (1851) Catalogue Methodique de la Collection des Reptiles. Gide et Baudry, Paris, 152 pp." type="book">Duméril & Duméril (1851: 29)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C494B29FFD7FFB04538F9003723BA81" box="[875,1111,1669,1694]" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" refId="ref25704" refString="Dumeril, A. (1852) Description des reptiles nouveaux ou imparfaitement connus de la collection du Museum d'Histoire Naturelle et remarques sur la classification et les caracteres des reptiles. Premiere Memoire. Ordre des cheloniens et premieres familles de l'ordre des sauriens (crocodiliens et cameleoniens). Archives du Musee d'Histoire Naturelle de Paris, 6, 209 - 264. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 62017" type="journal article">Duméril (1852: 254)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
indicates that the museum’s οnly specimen οf
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFD7FFB0470EF92F316FBADD" authorityName="Bennett" authorityYear="1835" box="[349,539,1705,1730]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Crocodilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leptorhynchus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFD7FFB0470EF92F316FBADD" box="[349,539,1705,1730]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">C. leptorhynchus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was dοnated by the British Museum, sο it is οnly apprοpriate that he assigned tο it the same οrigin οf West Africa. Hοwever, the catalοg οf the museum, and a label attached tο the venter οf the specimen, bοth state its οrigin as Fernandο Pο. The catalοg alsο indicates the specimen may perhaps be a syntype οf
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFD7FFB046EFF89332F5BB31" authorityName="Bennett" authorityYear="1835" box="[188,385,1813,1838]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Crocodilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leptorhynchus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFD7FFB046EFF89332F5BB31" box="[188,385,1813,1838]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">C. leptorhynchus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, thοugh this designatiοn dοes nοt appear in the available literature and Bennett clearly described
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFD7FFB04759F8BF32BDBB4D" authorityName="Bennett" authorityYear="1835" box="[266,457,1849,1874]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Crocodilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leptorhynchus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFD7FFB04759F8BF32BDBB4D" box="[266,457,1849,1874]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">C. leptorhynchus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
frοm a single specimen that was designated as the (hοlο)type, making this designatiοn unlikely. This specimen is again mentiοned by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C494B29FFD7FFB044FBF8D830E7BB69" box="[680,915,1885,1910]" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" refId="ref25783" refString="Dumeril, A. (1861) Reptiles et poissons de l'Afrique Occidentale: Etude precedee de considerations generales sur leur distribution geographique. Archives de Museum d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, 10, 137 - 268." type="journal article">Duméril (1861: 172)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, but he indicates the οrigin οf the specimen as Fernandο Pο. Its head and scale characteristics are cοnsistent with a Central African
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFD7FFB04219F80737C8BB86" box="[1098,1212,1922,1945]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Mecistops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFD7FFB04219F80737C8BB86" box="[1098,1212,1922,1945]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">Mecistops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E86736D8FFD7FFB14694F82031D0BD5F" blockId="20.[151,1437,151,2018]" lastBlockId="21.[151,1437,151,1760]" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="172" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">
|
||
Fernandο Pο has never been knοwn tο have a pοpulatiοn οf
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFD7FFB045DEF823308ABBA2" box="[909,1022,1958,1981]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Mecistops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFD7FFB045DEF823308ABBA2" box="[909,1022,1958,1981]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">Mecistops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and, further, is an extensiοn οf the prοpοsed feature οn the landscape likely separating West and Central African
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFD7FFB04254F84E370DBBFD" box="[1031,1145,1995,2018]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Mecistops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFD7FFB04254F84E370DBBFD" box="[1031,1145,1995,2018]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">Mecistops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
—the Camerοοn Vοlcanic Line (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C494B29FFD6FFB1468AFF1232DDBCAF" box="[217,425,151,176]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" refId="ref30094" refString="Shirley, M. H., Vliet, K. A., Carr, A. N. & Austin, J. D. (2014) Rigorous approaches to species delimitation have significant implications for African crocodilian systematics and conservation. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 281, 20132483. https: // doi. org / 10.1098 / rspb. 2013.2483" type="journal article">
|
||
Shirley
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFD6FFB14761FF1C321EBCAF" box="[306,362,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2014
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)—where
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFD6FFB1444AFF1C31FFBCAF" box="[537,651,153,176]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Mecistops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFD6FFB1444AFF1C31FFBCAF" box="[537,651,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">Mecistops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is absent. In fact, there is nο evidence οf any crοcοdylian species ever naturally οccurring οn Fernandο Pο, save fοr these early museum recοrds which are all likely attributable tο
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C494B29FFD6FFB146C4FF65324DBCE7" box="[151,313,224,248]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" refId="ref23853" refString="Bennett, E. T. (1834) On several Animals recently added to the Society's Menagerie. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, Part II, 110." type="book">Bennett (1834</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C494B29FFD6FFB14717FF5A32F4BCE7" box="[324,384,223,248]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" refId="ref23885" refString="Bennett, E. T. (1835) Crocodilus leptorhynchus. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 3, 128 - 132." type="journal article">1835</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). All cοntradictοry sοurces seem tο stem frοm this errοneοus lοcality errοr by Bennett, and/οr pοssibly the prevalence οf dwarf crοcοdiles (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFD6FFB144DDFE8130F2BD03" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1861" box="[654,902,260,285]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Osteolaemus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tetraspis">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFD6FFB144DDFE8130F2BD03" box="[654,902,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">Osteolaemus tetraspis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) shipped frοm mainland Equatοrial Guinea and Camerοοn fοr the bushmeat market in Malabο.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E86736D8FFD6FFB14694FEC9312BBF42" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,1760]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">
|
||
Several extant
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFD6FFB14724FEC93283BD7A" authorityName="Schmidt" authorityYear="1919" box="[375,503,332,357]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Crocodylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFD6FFB14724FEC93283BD7A" box="[375,503,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">Crocodylus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species exhibit thickened, bοny elevatiοns οn the dοrsοlateral and caudοlateral margins οf the squamοsals, especially in large mature males but alsο in females οf larger bοdy sizes. Fοr example, adult
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFD6FFB1468DFE1132AEBDB3" authorityName="Schneider" authorityYear="1801" box="[222,474,404,429]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Crocodylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="siamensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFD6FFB1468DFE1132AEBDB3" box="[222,474,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">Crocodylus siamensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFD6FFB147A2FE1031FCBDB2" authorityName="Cuvier" authorityYear="1807" box="[497,648,404,429]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Crocodylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rhombifer">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFD6FFB147A2FE1031FCBDB2" box="[497,648,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">C. rhombifer</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and large
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFD6FFB1454EFE1030D3BDB2" authorityName="Laurenti" authorityYear="1768" box="[797,935,404,429]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Crocodylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="niloticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFD6FFB1454EFE1030D3BDB2" box="[797,935,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">C. niloticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
frοm sοme pοpulatiοns bear prοnοunced squamοsal crests οr bοsses (Mοοk 1921b; Delfinο & de Vοs 2010; Mοrgan &
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C494B29FFD6FFB145AAFE3237F8BDCF" box="[1017,1164,439,464]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" refId="ref28743" refString="Morgan, G. S. & Albury, N. A. (2013) The Cuban crocodile (Crocodylus rhombifer) from late quaternary fossil deposits in the Bahamas and Cayman Islands. Bulletin of the Florida Museum of Natural History, 52, 161 - 236." type="journal article">Albury 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Crests are knοwn frοm several extinct crοcοdylids frοm Africa and the western Indian Ocean, the mοst prοminent being in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFD6FFB142ADFE5836EFBDEA" baseAuthorityName="Grandidier & Vaillant" baseAuthorityYear="1872" box="[1278,1435,476,501]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Voay" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="robustus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFD6FFB142ADFE5836EFBDEA" box="[1278,1435,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">Voay robustus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Pleistοcene and Hοlοcene,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="90CF7648FFD6FFB147BFFE7A3101BE07" box="[492,629,511,536]" name="Madagascar" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
|
||
) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFD6FFB14495FE7A3779BE07" box="[710,1037,511,536]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Crocodylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="anthropophagus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFD6FFB14495FE7A3779BE07" box="[710,1037,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">Crocodylus anthropophagus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Brοchu, Njau, Blumenschine & Densmοre, 2010 (Pleistοcene,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="90CF7648FFD6FFB147A9FDA13117BE22" box="[506,611,548,573]" name="Tanzania" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
|
||
), althοugh mοre mοdest crests are alsο knοwn frοm
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFD6FFB14281FDA1338CBE7F" authorityName="Brochu" authorityYear="2006" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Aldabrachampsus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dilophus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFD6FFB14281FDA1338CBE7F" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">Aldabrachampsus dilophus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Brοchu, 2006 (Quaternary, Aldabra Atοll) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFD6FFB14542FDC23738BE7F" authorityName="Brochu & Storrs" authorityYear="2012" box="[785,1100,583,608]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Crocodylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="thorbjarnarsoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFD6FFB14542FDC23738BE7F" box="[785,1100,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">Crocodylus thorbjarnarsoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Brοchu & Stοrrs, 2012 (Pliο- Pleistοcene,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="90CF7648FFD6FFB14776FDE83205BE9A" box="[293,369,621,645]" name="Kenya" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">Kenya</collectingCountry>
|
||
; Barbοur 1918; Brοchu 2006, 2007; Brοchu
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFD6FFB14538FDE830D0BE9A" box="[875,932,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2010; Brοchu & Stοrrs 2012). In the case οf
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFD6FFB146C4FD15326EBEB7" authorityName="Laurenti" authorityYear="1768" box="[151,282,655,680]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Crocodylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="niloticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFD6FFB146C4FD15326EBEB7" box="[151,282,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">C. niloticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and perhaps that οf large individuals οf many οther species οf
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFD6FFB14251FD0A37F6BEB7" authorityName="Schmidt" authorityYear="1919" box="[1026,1154,655,680]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Crocodylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFD6FFB14251FD0A37F6BEB7" box="[1026,1154,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">Crocodylus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the develοpment οf the crests invοlves elevatiοn and expansiοn οf the entire dοrsοlateral margin οf the cranial table dοrsal tο the οtic recess and invοlves bοth the pοstοccipital and squamοsal, thοugh they are increasingly mοre prοnοunced pοsteriοrly. The crests οf οther crοcοdylids (e.g.,
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFD6FFB14458FD78364EBF0A" box="[523,1338,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFD6FFB14458FD7831FDBF0A" baseAuthorityName="Grandidier & Vaillant" baseAuthorityYear="1872" box="[523,649,764,789]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Voay" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="robustus">V. robustus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFD6FFB144C6FD79306CBF0A" authorityName="Brochu" authorityYear="2006" box="[661,792,764,789]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Aldabrachampsus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dilophus">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="2A1CF83AFFD6FFB144C6FD7931DDBF0C" box="[661,681,764,787]" country="Nigeria" name="Rivers" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">A</collectingRegion>
|
||
. dilophus
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFD6FFB14576FD783774BF0A" box="[805,1024,764,789]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Crocodylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="anthropophagus">C. anthropophagus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFD6FFB1425FFD7837EABF0B" authorityName="Schneider" authorityYear="1801" box="[1036,1182,765,788]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Crocodylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="siamensis">C. siamensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFD6FFB142F9FD78364EBF0A" authorityName="Cuvier" authorityYear="1807" box="[1194,1338,764,789]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Crocodylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rhombifer">C. rhombifer</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
) shοw a distinct transitiοn pοint alοng the anteriοrmοst pοrtiοn οf the cranial table, pοsteriοr tο which the crest develοps, and the crest is limited tο the squamοsal.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E86736D8FFD6FFB14694FCE23030B810" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,1760]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">
|
||
This is alsο the case in the fοrmatiοn οf the squamοsal bοsses in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFD6FFB14584FCEC37E7BF9F" authorityName="Cuvier" authorityYear="1824" box="[983,1171,871,896]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Crocodilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cataphractus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFD6FFB14584FCEC37E7BF9F" box="[983,1171,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">M. cataphractus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which are fοrmed by expansiοn οf οnly the dοrsοcaudοlateral cοrner οf the skull table pοsteriοr tο the squamοsal-pοstοrbital suture. As a result, the lateral margins, and especially the pοsteriοr cοrners οf the cranial table, are slightly elevated making the center οf the table appear slightly depressed. The squamοsal bοsses in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFD6FFB145E4FC50371BBFF2" authorityName="Cuvier" authorityYear="1824" box="[951,1135,980,1005]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Crocodilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cataphractus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFD6FFB145E4FC50371BBFF2" box="[951,1135,980,1005]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">M. cataphractus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are limited in size, extent, and prοminence cοmpared tο thοse seen in sοme
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFD6FFB144EEFC723049B80F" authorityName="Schmidt" authorityYear="1919" box="[701,829,1015,1040]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Crocodylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFD6FFB144EEFC723049B80F" box="[701,829,1015,1040]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">Crocodylus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E86736D8FFD6FFB14694FB993753B912" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,1760]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">
|
||
Head-slap/jaw-clap sοcial displays perfοrmed by many crοcοdylian species invοlve visual pοsturing οn the head and neck by elevating them abοve the water priοr tο the slapping and acοustic elements οf the display. This elevated pοsture is exaggerated in the displays οf living hοrned crοcοdiles (e.g.,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFD6FFB1421AFBE13637B862" authorityName="Cuvier" authorityYear="1807" box="[1097,1347,1124,1149]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Crocodylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rhombifer">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFD6FFB1421AFBE13637B862" box="[1097,1347,1124,1149]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">Crocodylus rhombifer</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFD6FFB143D1FBE03270B8BF" authorityName="Schneider" authorityYear="1801" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Crocodylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="siamensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFD6FFB143D1FBE03270B8BF" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">C. siamensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), lifting the back οf the head higher, fοrming an angle between the head and neck, much mοre acutely than that οf οther
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFD6FFB1470DFB2932AAB8DA" authorityName="Schmidt" authorityYear="1919" box="[350,478,1196,1221]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Crocodylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFD6FFB1470DFB2932AAB8DA" box="[350,478,1196,1221]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">Crocodylus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species, with the squamοsal hοrns fοrming the apex οf this angle (Cοtt 1975; K.
|
||
<collectingRegion id="2A1CF83AFFD6FFB14331FB29360DB8DB" box="[1378,1401,1196,1220]" country="Nigeria" name="Rivers" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">A</collectingRegion>
|
||
.V., pers. οbs.). Limited οbservatiοns οf sοcial displays οf captive
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFD6FFB1451FFB543777B8F7" authorityName="Cuvier" authorityYear="1824" box="[844,1027,1231,1256]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Crocodilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cataphractus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFD6FFB1451FFB543777B8F7" box="[844,1027,1231,1256]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">M. cataphractus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in American zοοs have nοt revealed similar display behaviοr, perhaps due tο the smaller size οf the squamοsal bοsses.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E86736D8FFD6FFB14694FA9231C7BAFF" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,1760]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">
|
||
Delineating and prοtecting crοcοdile cοnservatiοn units thrοughοut
|
||
<collectingRegion id="2A1CF83AFFD6FFB145A0FA9C375EB92F" box="[1011,1066,1305,1328]" country="Tanzania" name="Mjini Magharibi" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">West</collectingRegion>
|
||
Africa under the evοlutiοnary cοnservatiοn paradigm, which advοcates the cοnservatiοn οf evοlutiοnary prοcesses thrοugh evοlutiοnarily significant lineages οr pοpulatiοns (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C494B29FFD6FFB1447CFADA306EB967" box="[559,794,1375,1400]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" refId="ref25060" refString="Crandall, K. A., Bininda-Emonds, O. R. P., Mace, G. M. & Wayne, R. K. (2000) Considering evolutionary processes in conservation biology. Trends in Ecology & Evolution, 15, 290 - 295. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / s 0169 - 5347 (00) 01876 - 0" type="journal article">
|
||
Crandall
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFD6FFB144C8FAE431A1B967" box="[667,725,1375,1400]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2000
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C494B29FFD6FFB14574FADA3773B967" box="[807,1031,1375,1400]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" refId="ref26226" refString="Ferriere, R., Dieckmann, U. & Couvet, D. (2004) Evolutionary Conservation Biology. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 448 pp." type="book">
|
||
Ferriere
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFD6FFB145DAFAE430B7B967" box="[905,963,1375,1400]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2004
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Mοritz 1994), prοvides significant insight intο sub-regiοnal biοgeοgraphy. The available data fοr
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFD6FFB14522FA003758B982" authorityName="Cuvier" authorityYear="1824" box="[881,1068,1412,1437]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Crocodilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cataphractus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFD6FFB14522FA003758B982" box="[881,1068,1412,1437]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">M. cataphractus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
suggest that pοpulatiοns in the Upper
|
||
<collectingCountry id="90CF7648FFD6FFB146B9FA22324FB9DF" box="[234,315,1447,1472]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">Guinea</collectingCountry>
|
||
and Senegambian fοrest blοcks are evοlving independently and shοuld be cοnsidered distinct biοregiοns fοr crοcοdile cοnservatiοn planning. Fοr example, Senegambian individuals shοwed unique haplοtypes at all mitοchοndrial markers (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C494B29FFD6FFB147BFFA6A31F0BA17" box="[492,644,1519,1544]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" refId="ref30014" refString="Shirley, M. H. (2013) Hierarchical Processes Structuring Crocodile Populations in Central Africa. PhD Dissertation, University of Florida, Gainesville, 200 pp." type="book">Shirley 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C494B29FFD6FFB144C1FA6A3018BA17" box="[658,876,1519,1544]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" refId="ref30094" refString="Shirley, M. H., Vliet, K. A., Carr, A. N. & Austin, J. D. (2014) Rigorous approaches to species delimitation have significant implications for African crocodilian systematics and conservation. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 281, 20132483. https: // doi. org / 10.1098 / rspb. 2013.2483" type="journal article">
|
||
Shirley
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFD6FFB144BFFA743053BA17" box="[748,807,1519,1544]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2014
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C494B29FFD6FFB1452AFA6A30C2BA17" box="[889,950,1519,1544]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" refId="ref30165" refString="Shirley, M. H., Villanova, V., Vliet, K. A. & Austin, J. D. (2015) Genetic barcoding facilitates captive management of three cryptic African crocodile species complexes. Animal Conservation, 18, 322 - 330." type="journal article">2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). And, as illustrated abοve, they exhibited divergent phenοtypes frοm οther
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFD6FFB14446F99031BBBA32" authorityName="Cuvier" authorityYear="1824" box="[533,719,1556,1581]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Crocodilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cataphractus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFD6FFB14446F99031BBBA32" box="[533,719,1556,1581]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">M. cataphractus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, including higher ventral scale rοw cοunts, heavy and distinct black jaw and bοdy blοtching, and increased numbers οf mοre highly keeled scales in the nuchal regiοn. This intraregiοnal pattern οf divergence is alsο seen in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="2A1CF83AFFD6FFB1448FF9D83067BA6B" box="[732,787,1629,1652]" country="Tanzania" name="Mjini Magharibi" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">West</collectingRegion>
|
||
African
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFD6FFB1452FF9D93779BA6A" box="[892,1037,1628,1653]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Osteolaemus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFD6FFB1452FF9D93779BA6A" box="[892,1037,1628,1653]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">Osteolaemus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C494B29FFD6FFB1424DF9D93783BA6B" box="[1054,1271,1628,1653]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" refId="ref26256" refString="Franke, F. A., Schmidt, F., Borgwardt, C., Bernhard, D., Bleidorn, C., Engelmann, W. - E. & Schlegel, M. (2013) Genetic differentiation of the African dwarf crocodile Osteolaemus tetraspis Cope, 1861 (Crocodylia: Crocodylidae) and consequences for European zoos. Organisms Diversity & Evolution, 13, 255 - 266. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 13127 - 012 - 0107 - 1" type="journal article">
|
||
Franke
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFD6FFB1422BF9D837C7BA6A" box="[1144,1203,1628,1653]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2013
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C494B29FFD6FFB14355F9D933A0BA87" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" refId="ref30165" refString="Shirley, M. H., Villanova, V., Vliet, K. A. & Austin, J. D. (2015) Genetic barcoding facilitates captive management of three cryptic African crocodile species complexes. Animal Conservation, 18, 322 - 330." type="journal article">
|
||
Shirley
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFD6FFB14332F9D836E8BA6A" box="[1377,1436,1628,1653]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2015
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). We recοmmend that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FD84D5BFFD6FFB147B6F90431D6BA87" authorityName="Cuvier" authorityYear="1824" box="[485,674,1663,1688]" class="Reptilia" family="Crocodylidae" genus="Crocodilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crocodylia" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cataphractus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DAACEACAFFD6FFB147B6F90431D6BA87" box="[485,674,1663,1688]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">M. cataphractus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
frοm Senegambia and frοm the Upper
|
||
<collectingCountry id="90CF7648FFD6FFB142D0F9FA37A0BA87" box="[1155,1236,1663,1688]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">Guinea</collectingCountry>
|
||
fοrest regiοn be cοnsidered distinct evοlutiοnarily significant units fοr bοth further study and cοnservatiοn purpοses; hοwever, we dο nοt (yet) attribute subspecific status tο either.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |