151 lines
17 KiB
XML
151 lines
17 KiB
XML
<document id="2A98589B877891FD06EB37FCBD2A10CD" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.186318" ID-GBIF-Dataset="3e00f698-e22e-41d6-86ca-bf8bec9a41f2" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="186318" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461050036523" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Xue, Dayong, Wang, Xuejian & Han, Hongxiang" docDate="2009" docId="417987ADFFF26861FF33F89AFEE5FB40" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02033p025.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2033" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Episothalma cognataria Swinhoe 1903" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="20" masterDocId="BD40FFD5FFF46866FFA4FFC9FFCBFFAF" masterDocTitle="A revision of Episothalma Swinhoe, 1893, with descriptions of two new species and one new genus (Lepidoptera, Geometridae, Geometrinae)" masterLastPageNumber="25" masterPageNumber="12" pageNumber="19" updateTime="1698578449513" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="1F8970D9718D74DE006DA20895867E9F" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="65409D1D328D82AE11D35427D70D8ABE">
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<mods:title id="D637AAC212151A8F259A52259BBF435C">A revision of Episothalma Swinhoe, 1893, with descriptions of two new species and one new genus (Lepidoptera, Geometridae, Geometrinae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="178111371433C8CBEEDF5322D21F8469" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="F681138784C3B2CBF5B0B407B1DDE9F4">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="C40940E87D4A1788CF6256F2C6651A21">Xue, Dayong</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="AD352FBBFFE296F8CF9100074CF9073C" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="A7DE4BF76B303AE07D5392CD797F8CB8">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="038DD3FA1B3331D30F9CA5964C438BBE">Wang, Xuejian</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="F4F43093B19435C6D5E87F82C2C7BB8E" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="808FCB4C0016171A12A80377C63C11F5">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="43AB5E72840828A06A9AD0885FDEA335">Han, Hongxiang</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="2F3ACECB314F59F53E4C377693FE10DD">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="9D418F98346B6E9B9BA1F0B2B04DF3D4">
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<mods:title id="A791D2A244081AE94A2A3A17BFECA469">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="876E3F717CC462F858EA025C92D27435">
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<mods:date id="9EE60436790770C896DF1617E4C3A89F">2009</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="223FE801C70DF33124FB50DFC0B6F095" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="141E4CCDBFF66B6977A506AF296EFD2B">2033</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="A470E4B08A3028A8FC5BF4193295F00C">12</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="8A9CE5A261020208BA0D831057254459">25</mods:end>
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<mods:classification id="7A4DFE4DDE8D858B62F25817DECA274E">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="56C521A5F96E18EA5D343DB573FCA5C4" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.186318</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="D45DE56F56AD0559E98D551104C733FA" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="9E9A51B5F7020360B69851B6C3E6FBB9" type="Zenodo-Dep">186318</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="417987ADFFF26861FF33F89AFEE5FB40" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6225560" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119611627" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6225560" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:417987ADFFF26861FF33F89AFEE5FB40" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/417987ADFFF26861FF33F89AFEE5FB40" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="6" pageNumber="19">
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<subSubSection id="81CA6530FFF26860FF33F89AFF10F83F" pageId="6" pageNumber="19" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="C96F36BBFFF26860FF33F89AFDBFF8C2" blockId="6.[151,628,1875,1936]" box="[151,628,1875,1901]" pageId="6" pageNumber="19">
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<heading id="922781D7FFF26860FF33F89AFDBFF8C2" bold="true" box="[151,628,1875,1901]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="19" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="0ED04D38FFF26860FF33F89AFDBFF8C2" ID-CoL="6G7RW" authority="Swinhoe, 1903" authorityName="Swinhoe" authorityYear="1903" box="[151,628,1875,1901]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Episothalma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cognataria">
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<emphasis id="FBA4EAA9FFF26860FF33F89AFDBFF8C2" bold="true" box="[151,628,1875,1901]" pageId="6" pageNumber="19">
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<emphasis id="FBA4EAA9FFF26860FF33F89AFE72F8C2" bold="true" box="[151,441,1875,1901]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="19">Episothalma cognataria</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="AD414B4AFFF26860FE64F89AFDBFF8C2" author="Swinhoe" box="[448,628,1875,1901]" pageId="6" pageNumber="25" refString="Swinhoe, C. (1903) New species of Eastern and African Lepidoptera. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, (7) 11, 499 - 511." type="journal article" year="1903">Swinhoe, 1903</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C96F36BBFFF26860FF33F8BFFF10F83F" blockId="6.[151,628,1875,1936]" box="[151,219,1910,1936]" pageId="6" pageNumber="19">
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<figureCitation id="51EB2A3EFFF26860FF33F8BFFF10F83F" box="[151,219,1910,1936]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 10" captionStartId="3.[151,273,1884,1908]" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 10. Moth of Episothalma and Pseudepisothalma. 1 – 5. E. robustaria. 1, From Khasis, India; 2, From Vietnam; 3, From Hainan, China; 4, From Thailand; 5, From South India; 6, E. irrobustaria sp. nov., holotype; 7, E. cognataria; 8, E. cuspidata sp. nov., holotype; 9 – 10. Pseudepisothalma ocellata. 9, dorsum; 10, venter. Scale bar = 1.5 cm." pageId="6" pageNumber="19">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="81CA6530FFF26861FF33F875FEC7FCC3" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="6" pageNumber="19" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="C96F36BBFFF26860FF33F875FE49F85C" blockId="6.[151,1436,1978,2035]" pageId="6" pageNumber="19">
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<taxonomicName id="0ED04D38FFF26860FF33F875FD83F87C" ID-CoL="6G7RW" authority="Swinhoe, 1903" authorityName="Swinhoe" authorityYear="1903" box="[151,584,1980,2003]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Episothalma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cognataria">
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<emphasis id="FBA4EAA9FFF26860FF33F875FE50F87C" box="[151,411,1980,2003]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="19">Episothalma cognataria</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="AD414B4AFFF26860FE00F875FD83F87C" author="Swinhoe" box="[420,584,1980,2003]" pageId="6" pageNumber="25" refString="Swinhoe, C. (1903) New species of Eastern and African Lepidoptera. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, (7) 11, 499 - 511." type="journal article" year="1903">Swinhoe, 1903</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<emphasis id="FBA4EAA9FFF26860FDF1F875FCFFF87C" box="[597,820,1980,2003]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="19">Ann. Mag. nat. Hist.</emphasis>
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(7) 11: 510.
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<typeStatus id="166B8819FFF26860FC60F875FBEBF87C" box="[964,1056,1980,2003]" pageId="6" pageNumber="19" type="syntype">Syntype</typeStatus>
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(s) ɗ,
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<collectingCountry id="B1C7762BFFF26860FBC7F875FB51F87C" box="[1123,1178,1980,2003]" name="Thailand" pageId="6" pageNumber="19">Siam</collectingCountry>
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[
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<collectingCountry id="B1C7762BFFF26860FB0DF875FADAF87C" box="[1193,1297,1980,2003]" name="Thailand" pageId="6" pageNumber="19">Thailand</collectingCountry>
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]: Muok-Lek,
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<quantity id="0E289B5EFFF26860FF63F815FEDDF85C" box="[199,278,2012,2035]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.048" pageId="6" pageNumber="19" unit="ft" value="1000.0">1000 ft</quantity>
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. (BMNH)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C96F36BBFFF36861FF33FF5EFEC7FCC3" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1263]" pageId="7" pageNumber="20">
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<emphasis id="FBA4EAA9FFF36861FF33FF5EFE87FF1E" bold="true" box="[151,332,151,177]" pageId="7" pageNumber="20">Redescription.</emphasis>
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Head: Antenna ciliate in male. Frons dark brown, smooth-scaled. Labial palpus not extending beyond frons. Vertex grass green. Thorax: Dorsum grass green.
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<collectingCountry id="B1C7762BFFF36861FC36FF77FC06FF77" box="[914,973,190,216]" name="India" pageId="7" pageNumber="20">Hind</collectingCountry>
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tibia in male with one pair of terminal spurs. Length of forewing: ɗ 15.5 mm. Forewing with outer margin under apex slightly concave; outer margin of hind wing concave between M1 and M3, forming a process on both veins. Wings ground colour grass green. Forewing with costa orange yellow, densely diffused with black scales; antemedial line on forewing indistinct; postmedial lines on both wings yellowish green, irregularly dentate, indistinct, posteriorly accompanied by white dots on veins. Discal spot black. Terminal line dark brown, interrupted on veins. Fringes greyish brown. Ventral side nearly white, with slight pale green tinge; discal spot dark brown; postmedial line indistinct, only visible on veins; terminal line same as that on dorsal side. Abdomen: Dorsum reddish brown mixed with black, crests reddish brown, developed from second to third segment. Male genitalia (
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<figureCitation id="51EB2A3EFFF36861FEABFDD4FEBFFD98" box="[271,372,541,567]" captionStart="FIGURES 17 – 22" captionStartId="8.[151,269,1850,1874]" captionTargetBox="[188,1398,318,1800]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[188,1398,313,1825]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 17 – 22. Male genitalia. 17 – 18. E. robustaria. 17, From Thailand; 18, From Xishuangbanna Bubeng, Yunnan, China; 19, E. irrobustaria sp. nov.; 20, E. cognataria; 21, E. cuspidata sp. nov.; 22, Pseudepisothalma ocellata. Scale bar = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186320/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="20">Figs. 20</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="51EB2A3EFFF36861FE24FDD4FE69FD98" box="[384,418,541,567]" captionStart="FIGURES 23 – 33. 23" captionStartId="9.[151,271,1459,1483]" captionTargetBox="[198,1378,202,1417]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[188,1398,194,1436]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 23 – 33. 23. Female genitalia of E. robustaria. 24 – 29. Aedeagus of E. robustaria. 24, From Xishuangbanna Bubeng, Yunnan, China; 25, From Vietnam; 26, From South India; 27, From Hainan, China. 28, From Thailand; 29, From Xishuangbanna Bubeng, Yunnan, China; 30, E. irrobustaria sp. nov.; 31, E. cognataria; 32, E. cuspidata sp. nov.; 33. Pseudepisothalma ocellata. Scale bar = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186321/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="20">31</figureCitation>
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): Uncus fairly sclerotized, with apex blunt. Socii slightly sclerotized, tapered, with a process at middle proximately. Gnathos with lateral arms not joined in the middle. Valva broad and short, with terminal part membranous, tapered and blunt; costa nearly straight; densely hairy in the middle; a pointed sclerotized hook-like tooth present near center, posterior to which, is a transverse sclerotized band extending to ventral margin of valva, with a series of large teeth on margin, and bearing a large blunt posterior process. Transtilla a large, lightly sclerotized plate, with apex shallowly concave. Juxta sclerotized, posterior margin inverse U-shaped. Saccus not protruding. Coremata developed. Aedeagus developed, with terminal part strongly sclerotized, vesica densely wrinkled, manica with one sclerotized process. Female genitalia unknown.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="81CA6530FFF36861FF61FCB0FBF3FC4E" pageId="7" pageNumber="20" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="C96F36BBFFF36861FF61FCB0FBF3FC4E" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1263]" pageId="7" pageNumber="20">
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<emphasis id="FBA4EAA9FFF36861FF61FCB0FD95FC3C" bold="true" box="[197,606,889,915]" pageId="7" pageNumber="20">
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Material examined.
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<collectingCountry id="B1C7762BFFF36861FE64FCB0FD95FC3C" box="[448,606,889,915]" name="Thailand" pageId="7" pageNumber="20">THAILAND</collectingCountry>
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</emphasis>
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:
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<typeStatus id="166B8819FFF36861FDCAFCB0FD02FC3C" box="[622,713,889,915]" pageId="7" pageNumber="20" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
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ɗ,
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<collectingCountry id="B1C7762BFFF36861FD50FCB0FCF8FC3C" box="[756,819,889,915]" name="Thailand" pageId="7" pageNumber="20">Siam</collectingCountry>
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, Muok-Lek,
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<quantity id="0E289B5EFFF36861FC6FFCB0FBF7FC3C" box="[971,1084,889,915]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.048" pageId="7" pageNumber="20" unit="ft" value="1000.0">1000 feet</quantity>
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, Januar, H. Fruhstorfer, 1903- 177 (other labels: red “
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<typeStatus id="166B8819FFF36861FE09FC69FE25FC15" box="[429,494,928,954]" pageId="7" pageNumber="20">Type</typeStatus>
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” label;
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<taxonomicName id="0ED04D38FFF36861FDE8FC69FC17FC15" authority="Swinho." authorityName="Swinho." box="[588,988,928,954]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Episothalma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cognataria">
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<emphasis id="FBA4EAA9FFF36861FDE8FC69FCBBFC16" box="[588,880,928,953]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="20">Episothalma cognataria</emphasis>
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Swinho.
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</taxonomicName>
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Ψ
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<typeStatus id="166B8819FFF36861FBA4FC69FBFDFC15" box="[1024,1078,928,954]" pageId="7" pageNumber="20">type</typeStatus>
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) (
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<collectionCode id="AFC1AE7EFFF36861FBEBFC69FB64FC15" box="[1103,1199,928,954]" pageId="7" pageNumber="20">BMNH</collectionCode>
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);
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<emphasis id="FBA4EAA9FFF36861FB60FC69FAECFC15" bold="true" box="[1220,1319,928,954]" pageId="7" pageNumber="20">
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<collectingCountry id="B1C7762BFFF36861FB60FC69FAECFC15" box="[1220,1319,928,954]" name="China" pageId="7" pageNumber="20">CHINA</collectingCountry>
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</emphasis>
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: Yunnan: Xishuangbanna Bubeng,
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<quantity id="0E289B5EFFF36861FE1AFC0EFDC0FC4E" box="[446,523,967,993]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="20" unit="m" value="700.0">700 m</quantity>
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,
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<date id="BD6E107BFFF36861FDB3FC0EFD54FC4E" box="[535,671,967,993]" pageId="7" pageNumber="20" value="1993-09-14">14.IX.1993</date>
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, coll. Cheng Xinyue, 1ɗ (
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<collectionCode id="AFC1AE7EFFF36861FC74FC0EFBE0FC4E" box="[976,1067,967,993]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/crjh-4ne1" name="Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences" pageId="7" pageNumber="20">IZCAS</collectionCode>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="81CA6530FFF36861FF61FC24FD6EFBA8" box="[197,677,1005,1031]" pageId="7" pageNumber="20" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="C96F36BBFFF36861FF61FC24FD6EFBA8" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1263]" box="[197,677,1005,1031]" pageId="7" pageNumber="20">
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<emphasis id="FBA4EAA9FFF36861FF61FC24FEAEFBA8" bold="true" box="[197,357,1005,1031]" pageId="7" pageNumber="20">Distribution.</emphasis>
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<collectingCountry id="B1C7762BFFF36861FEC8FC24FE79FBA8" box="[364,434,1005,1031]" name="China" pageId="7" pageNumber="20">China</collectingCountry>
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(Yunnan),
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<collectingCountry id="B1C7762BFFF36861FD91FC24FD6AFBA8" box="[565,673,1005,1031]" name="Thailand" pageId="7" pageNumber="20">Thailand</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="81CA6530FFF36861FF61FBDAFEE5FB40" pageId="7" pageNumber="20" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph id="C96F36BBFFF36861FF61FBDAFE67FB81" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1263]" box="[197,428,1043,1070]" pageId="7" pageNumber="20">
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<emphasis id="FBA4EAA9FFF36861FF61FBDAFEE2FB82" bold="true" box="[197,297,1043,1069]" pageId="7" pageNumber="20">Biology.</emphasis>
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Unknown.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C96F36BBFFF36861FF61FBF3FEE5FB40" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1263]" pageId="7" pageNumber="20">
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<emphasis id="FBA4EAA9FFF36861FF61FBF3FED9FBFB" bold="true" box="[197,274,1082,1108]" pageId="7" pageNumber="20">Notes.</emphasis>
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In the original description, the author did not state how many specimens were examined, but made it clear that this species was described on the basis of a female. In the collection of the BMNH, there is only a single male specimen, which bears a label matching the record in the original description, as well as the
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<typeStatus id="166B8819FFF36861FACDFB41FA57FB0D" box="[1385,1436,1160,1186]" pageId="7" pageNumber="20">type</typeStatus>
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label. There therefore seems little doubt that this is the
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<typeStatus id="166B8819FFF36861FC81FB66FC44FB66" box="[805,911,1199,1225]" pageId="7" pageNumber="20" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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, and that Swinhoe’s designation of it as “Ψ” was an error.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |