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<document id="4B2B20C1C9784F3EC35DD23C1BA71422" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.186318" ID-GBIF-Dataset="3e00f698-e22e-41d6-86ca-bf8bec9a41f2" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="186318" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461050036523" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Xue, Dayong, Wang, Xuejian &amp; Han, Hongxiang" docDate="2009" docId="417987ADFFF16863FF33FD88FE67F862" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02033p025.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2033" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Episothalma irrobustaria Xue &amp; Wang, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="18" masterDocId="BD40FFD5FFF46866FFA4FFC9FFCBFFAF" masterDocTitle="A revision of Episothalma Swinhoe, 1893, with descriptions of two new species and one new genus (Lepidoptera, Geometridae, Geometrinae)" masterLastPageNumber="25" masterPageNumber="12" pageNumber="18" updateTime="1698578449513" updateUser="plazi">
<mods:mods id="660DDA3D0FE175B41F87FE8445A7D53C" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:title id="646CD374D653222E03F806A94A208BBF">A revision of Episothalma Swinhoe, 1893, with descriptions of two new species and one new genus (Lepidoptera, Geometridae, Geometrinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="A9E96AE0496CB185EFCC315A911AAE84">Xue, Dayong</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B667B1DA675A39EB650E913BB087B1B3">Wang, Xuejian</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="C3C1EDFA0DC2C20F80126EE7245F23F5">Han, Hongxiang</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="C75FCA38DBCF78B6AA3A4DABF5864F09">2009</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="93EFE891B5841E85C6302C78CF132AE2">2033</mods:number>
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<treatment id="417987ADFFF16863FF33FD88FE67F862" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6225558" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119611628" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6225558" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:417987ADFFF16863FF33FD88FE67F862" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/417987ADFFF16863FF33FD88FE67F862" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="5" pageNumber="18">
<subSubSection id="81CA6530FFF16863FF33FD88FF10FDD1" pageId="5" pageNumber="18" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="C96F36BBFFF16863FF33FD88FD15FDF5" blockId="5.[151,734,576,638]" box="[151,734,576,603]" pageId="5" pageNumber="18">
<heading id="922781D7FFF16863FF33FD88FD15FDF5" bold="true" box="[151,734,576,603]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="18" reason="1">
<emphasis id="FBA4EAA9FFF16863FF33FD88FD15FDF5" bold="true" box="[151,734,576,603]" pageId="5" pageNumber="18">
<taxonomicName id="0ED04D38FFF16863FF33FD88FDBFFDF5" authority="Xue &amp; Wang" authorityName="Xue &amp; Wang" box="[151,628,576,603]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Episothalma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="irrobustaria" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="FBA4EAA9FFF16863FF33FD88FE03FDF4" bold="true" box="[151,456,577,603]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="18">Episothalma irrobustaria</emphasis>
Xue &amp; Wang
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E09757D2FFF16863FD24FD89FD15FDF5" box="[640,734,576,602]" pageId="5" pageNumber="18" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C96F36BBFFF16863FF33FDADFF10FDD1" blockId="5.[151,734,576,638]" box="[151,219,612,638]" pageId="5" pageNumber="18">
<figureCitation id="51EB2A3EFFF16863FF33FDADFF10FDD1" box="[151,219,612,638]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 10" captionStartId="3.[151,273,1884,1908]" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 10. Moth of Episothalma and Pseudepisothalma. 1 – 5. E. robustaria. 1, From Khasis, India; 2, From Vietnam; 3, From Hainan, China; 4, From Thailand; 5, From South India; 6, E. irrobustaria sp. nov., holotype; 7, E. cognataria; 8, E. cuspidata sp. nov., holotype; 9 – 10. Pseudepisothalma ocellata. 9, dorsum; 10, venter. Scale bar = 1.5 cm." pageId="5" pageNumber="18">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="81CA6530FFF16863FF33FD79FAC2FA79" pageId="5" pageNumber="18" type="description">
<paragraph id="C96F36BBFFF16863FF33FD79FAC2FA79" blockId="5.[151,1437,688,1997]" pageId="5" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis id="FBA4EAA9FFF16863FF33FD79FEFBFD65" bold="true" box="[151,304,688,714]" pageId="5" pageNumber="18">Description.</emphasis>
Head: Antenna ciliate in male. Frons reddish brown, smooth-scaled. Labial palpus pale brown, ventrally whitish, not extending beyond frons in male. Vertex with anterior half white, posterior half grass green. Thorax: Dorsum grass green.
<collectingCountry id="B1C7762BFFF16863FDE8FD37FD4CFCB7" box="[588,647,766,792]" name="India" pageId="5" pageNumber="18">Hind</collectingCountry>
tibia in male with one pair of terminal spurs. Length of forewing: ɗ
<quantity id="0E289B5EFFF16863FF0EFCECFECAFC90" box="[170,257,805,831]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="5" pageNumber="18" unit="mm" value="19.0">19 mm</quantity>
. Forewing with apex pointed; outer margin under apex concave, forming a small process on vein M3; outer margin of hind wing concave between M1 and M3, forming processes on both veins. Wings: ground colour grass green. Forewing with costa orange yellow, diffused with black scales; antemedial line yellowish green, indistinct; postmedial lines on both wings yellowish green, irregularly dentate, forming an irregular dark brown patch on the inner margin on both wings. Discal spot black. Terminal line dark brown, interrupted on veins. Fringes yellowish green mixed with dark brown. Ventral side pale green, diffused with dark brown scales, denser proximate to postmedial line on forewing; distinct discal spot dark brown; postmedial line dark brown, dentate, much thicker on veins. Abdomen: Dorsum reddish brown mixed with black, with developed reddish brown crests from second to fourth segment. Male genitalia (
<figureCitation id="51EB2A3EFFF16863FC65FBA9FBE9FBD5" box="[961,1058,1120,1146]" captionStart="FIGURES 17 – 22" captionStartId="8.[151,269,1850,1874]" captionTargetBox="[188,1398,318,1800]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[188,1398,313,1825]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 17 – 22. Male genitalia. 17 – 18. E. robustaria. 17, From Thailand; 18, From Xishuangbanna Bubeng, Yunnan, China; 19, E. irrobustaria sp. nov.; 20, E. cognataria; 21, E. cuspidata sp. nov.; 22, Pseudepisothalma ocellata. Scale bar = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186320/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="18">Figs. 19</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="51EB2A3EFFF16863FB94FBA9FB9AFBD5" box="[1072,1105,1120,1146]" captionStart="FIGURES 23 – 33. 23" captionStartId="9.[151,271,1459,1483]" captionTargetBox="[198,1378,202,1417]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[188,1398,194,1436]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 23 – 33. 23. Female genitalia of E. robustaria. 24 – 29. Aedeagus of E. robustaria. 24, From Xishuangbanna Bubeng, Yunnan, China; 25, From Vietnam; 26, From South India; 27, From Hainan, China. 28, From Thailand; 29, From Xishuangbanna Bubeng, Yunnan, China; 30, E. irrobustaria sp. nov.; 31, E. cognataria; 32, E. cuspidata sp. nov.; 33. Pseudepisothalma ocellata. Scale bar = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186321/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="18">30</figureCitation>
). Uncus sclerotized, tapered and not blunt at apex. Socii slightly sclerotized, tapered, similar length to uncus. Gnathos with lateral arms not joined in the middle. Valva long and narrow; terminal half broader than base, blunt; costal margin sclerotized basally to one quarter, slightly concave, then straight at middle and slightly protruding near apex; an irregularly wrinkled ridge with dense hair present at center; a pointed sclerotized hook-like tooth present near center, posterior to which is a small sclerotized lobe, the area anterior to the lobe sclerotized and extending to ventral margin. Transtilla a large weakly sclerotized plate, posterior margin almost straight. Juxta slightly sclerotized with posterior margin well sclerotized, arced. Saccus not protruding, but vinculum protruding far beyond valva base. Coremata fairly developed. Aedeagus slender, sclerotized posteriorly, vesica sclerotized and wrinkled, without cornutus; manica with one sclerotized process. Female genitalia unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="81CA6530FFF16863FF61FA2BFC9BF94A" pageId="5" pageNumber="18" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="C96F36BBFFF16863FF61FA2BFC9BF94A" blockId="5.[151,1437,688,1997]" pageId="5" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis id="FBA4EAA9FFF16863FF61FA2BFE8DFA53" bold="true" box="[197,326,1506,1532]" pageId="5" pageNumber="18">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
This new species is quite close to
<taxonomicName id="0ED04D38FFF16863FD41FA2AFC48FA53" box="[741,899,1507,1532]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Hemithea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="robustaria">
<emphasis id="FBA4EAA9FFF16863FD41FA2AFC48FA53" box="[741,899,1507,1532]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="18">E. robustaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
on both external features and male genitalia. The apex of the forewing in
<taxonomicName id="0ED04D38FFF16863FDACF9C3FD02F98C" box="[520,713,1546,1571]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Episothalma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="irrobustaria">
<emphasis id="FBA4EAA9FFF16863FDACF9C3FD02F98C" box="[520,713,1546,1571]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="18">E. irrobustaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a little more protruding than that of
<taxonomicName id="0ED04D38FFF16863FB61F9C3FABBF98C" box="[1221,1392,1546,1571]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Hemithea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="robustaria">
<emphasis id="FBA4EAA9FFF16863FB61F9C3FABBF98C" box="[1221,1392,1546,1571]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="18">E. robustaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="0ED04D38FFF16863FA26F9C3FEE0F9E5" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Episothalma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="irrobustaria">
<emphasis id="FBA4EAA9FFF16863FA26F9C3FEE0F9E5" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="18">E. irrobustaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is distinctive in the male genitalia (
<figureCitation id="51EB2A3EFFF16863FD42F9F9FC89F9E5" box="[742,834,1584,1610]" captionStart="FIGURES 17 – 22" captionStartId="8.[151,269,1850,1874]" captionTargetBox="[188,1398,318,1800]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[188,1398,313,1825]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 17 – 22. Male genitalia. 17 – 18. E. robustaria. 17, From Thailand; 18, From Xishuangbanna Bubeng, Yunnan, China; 19, E. irrobustaria sp. nov.; 20, E. cognataria; 21, E. cuspidata sp. nov.; 22, Pseudepisothalma ocellata. Scale bar = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186320/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="18">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
): the small sclerotized lobe on the valva is much further from the ventral margin, located almost in the middle between costa and ventral margin, whereas, this lobe is close to the ventral margin in
<taxonomicName id="0ED04D38FFF16863FDECF9B7FD29F938" box="[584,738,1662,1687]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Hemithea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="robustaria">
<emphasis id="FBA4EAA9FFF16863FDECF9B7FD29F938" box="[584,738,1662,1687]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="18">E. robustaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; the area anterior to the lobe is also sclerotized and extends to the ventral margin, whereas in
<taxonomicName id="0ED04D38FFF16863FDE8F96DFD3DF912" box="[588,758,1700,1725]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Hemithea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="robustaria">
<emphasis id="FBA4EAA9FFF16863FDE8F96DFD3DF912" box="[588,758,1700,1725]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="18">E. robustaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
this area is unmodified. In addition, the uncus of
<taxonomicName id="0ED04D38FFF16863FA25F96DFEEEF94B" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Episothalma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="irrobustaria">
<emphasis id="FBA4EAA9FFF16863FA25F96DFEEEF94B" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="18">E. irrobustaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is tapering and not as blunt as in
<taxonomicName id="0ED04D38FFF16863FD0AF902FC82F94B" box="[686,841,1739,1764]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Hemithea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="robustaria">
<emphasis id="FBA4EAA9FFF16863FD0AF902FC82F94B" box="[686,841,1739,1764]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="18">E. robustaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="81CA6530FFF16863FF61F938FC54F89D" pageId="5" pageNumber="18" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="C96F36BBFFF16863FF61F938FC54F89D" blockId="5.[151,1437,688,1997]" pageId="5" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis id="FBA4EAA9FFF16863FF61F938FE0FF8A4" bold="true" box="[197,452,1777,1803]" pageId="5" pageNumber="18">Material examined.</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="166B8819FFF16863FE69F93BFDF4F8A3" box="[461,575,1778,1804]" pageId="5" pageNumber="18" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
ɗ,
<emphasis id="FBA4EAA9FFF16863FDC8F938FCC4F8A4" bold="true" box="[620,783,1777,1803]" pageId="5" pageNumber="18">
<collectingCountry id="B1C7762BFFF16863FDC8F938FCC4F8A4" box="[620,783,1777,1803]" name="Thailand" pageId="5" pageNumber="18">THAILAND</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
:
<collectingCountry id="B1C7762BFFF16863FC84F93BFC59F8A3" box="[800,914,1778,1804]" name="Thailand" pageId="5" pageNumber="18">Thailand</collectingCountry>
: Changwat Nan,
<quantity id="0E289B5EFFF16863FBC1F93BFB78F8A3" box="[1125,1203,1778,1804]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="18" unit="km" value="30.0">30 km</quantity>
E of Pua,
<quantity id="0E289B5EFFF16863FA9CF93BFA53F8A3" box="[1336,1432,1778,1804]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="5" pageNumber="18" unit="m" value="1700.0">1700 m</quantity>
,
<date id="BD6E107BFFF16863FF33F8D1FEDFF89D" box="[151,276,1816,1842]" pageId="5" pageNumber="18" value="1996-02-20">20.II.1996</date>
, leg. Márton Hreblay and Csaba Szabóky (
<collectionCode id="AFC1AE7EFFF16863FCAEF8D1FCA5F89D" box="[778,878,1816,1842]" pageId="5" pageNumber="18">SOMM</collectionCode>
.M.).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="81CA6530FFF16863FF61F8F6FED3F82F" pageId="5" pageNumber="18" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="C96F36BBFFF16863FF61F8F6FED3F82F" blockId="5.[151,1437,688,1997]" pageId="5" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis id="FBA4EAA9FFF16863FF61F8F6FE92F8F6" bold="true" box="[197,345,1855,1881]" pageId="5" pageNumber="18">Etymology.</emphasis>
This species name is combined from Latin prefix
<emphasis id="FBA4EAA9FFF16863FC70F8F6FC3CF8F7" box="[980,1015,1855,1880]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="18">in-</emphasis>
and
<taxonomicName id="0ED04D38FFF16863FB91F8F6FB73F8F7" box="[1077,1208,1855,1880]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Hemithea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="robustaria">
<emphasis id="FBA4EAA9FFF16863FB91F8F6FB73F8F7" box="[1077,1208,1855,1880]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="18">robustaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which means not
<taxonomicName id="0ED04D38FFF16863FF33F8AFFED9F8D0" box="[151,274,1894,1919]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Hemithea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="robustaria">
<emphasis id="FBA4EAA9FFF16863FF33F8AFFED9F8D0" box="[151,274,1894,1919]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="18">robustaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="81CA6530FFF16863FF61F845FE17F809" box="[197,476,1932,1958]" pageId="5" pageNumber="18" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="C96F36BBFFF16863FF61F845FE17F809" blockId="5.[151,1437,688,1997]" box="[197,476,1932,1958]" pageId="5" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis id="FBA4EAA9FFF16863FF61F845FEAEF809" bold="true" box="[197,357,1932,1958]" pageId="5" pageNumber="18">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="B1C7762BFFF16863FEC8F845FE13F809" box="[364,472,1932,1958]" name="Thailand" pageId="5" pageNumber="18">Thailand</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="81CA6530FFF16863FF61F87BFE67F862" box="[197,428,1970,1997]" pageId="5" pageNumber="18" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="C96F36BBFFF16863FF61F87BFE67F862" blockId="5.[151,1437,688,1997]" box="[197,428,1970,1997]" pageId="5" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis id="FBA4EAA9FFF16863FF61F87BFEE2F863" bold="true" box="[197,297,1970,1996]" pageId="5" pageNumber="18">Biology.</emphasis>
Unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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