treatments-xml/data/C5/67/87/C56787D82F1BFFD6FF03FB75FE00FBF6.xml

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<mods:title id="8B704926D803020A7CDB37DE7660A50E">Nesting Biologies and Immature Stages of the Tapinotaspidine Bee Genera Monoeca and Lanthanomelissa and of Their Osirine Cleptoparasites Protosiris and Parepeolus (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Apinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="5106B782228173356876EAF45BFD04FA">ROZEN, JEROME G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="91E1B11F4245A8DC66FC171DA3766F2B">MELO, GABRIEL A. R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="91D0C043CEF25E2851DC24057CE99C3E">AGUIAR, ANTÔNIO JOSÉ CAMILLO</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="FE850F534B02C4A750548020AF4A7D8B">ALVES-DOS-SANTOS, ISABEL</mods:namePart>
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<paragraph id="4D7136CE2F1BFFD5FF03FB75FDC8FB52" blockId="56.[195,572,1224,1245]" box="[195,572,1224,1245]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
<taxonomicName id="8ACE4D4D2F1BFFD5FF03FB75FE44FB52" ID-CoL="4N74J" authority="Melo" authorityName="ROZEN &amp; MELO &amp; AGUIAR &amp; ALVES-DOS-SANTOS" authorityYear="2006" box="[195,432,1224,1245]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Protosiris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gigas" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="7FBAEADC2F1BFFD5FF03FB75FE99FB52" bold="true" box="[195,365,1224,1245]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Protosiris gigas</emphasis>
Melo
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicNameLabel id="648957A72F1BFFD5FE7DFB75FDC8FB52" box="[445,572,1224,1245]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="4D7136CE2F1BFFD5FEEBFB5EFE2AFB77" blockId="56.[299,478,1251,1272]" box="[299,478,1251,1272]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
<heading id="163981A22F1BFFD5FEEBFB5EFE2AFB77" box="[299,478,1251,1272]" centered="true" fontSize="36" level="3" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" reason="7">
<figureCitation id="D5F52A4B2F1BFFD5FEEBFB5EFE31FB77" box="[299,453,1251,1272]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="8.[150,198,757,778]" captionTargetBox="[135,1224,186,729]" captionTargetId="figure-18@8.[132,1224,186,736]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figs. 7–10. Cells of Monoeca haemorrhoidalis, diagrammatically represented. 7. Fully provisioned with Monoeca egg on provisions, and egg of Protosiris gigas attached to cell wall. 8. In early stages of being provisioned. 9. Depicting partially eaten provisions. 10. Containing cocoon of Monoeca haemorrhoidalis, with empty space between top of provisions and cell closure. Scale line 5 5.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4735241" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4735241/files/figure.png" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Figures A9–A</figureCitation>
21
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="05D465452F1BFFD5FF56FAB0FD02FD9A" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="4D7136CE2F1BFFD5FF56FAB0FD02FD9A" blockId="56.[124,654,1293,1741]" lastBlockId="56.[700,1230,192,1741]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
COMMENTS AND DIAGNOSIS: The genus 
<taxonomicName id="8ACE4D4D2F1BFFD5FDEDFAB3FF79FAB2" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Protosiris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7FBAEADC2F1BFFD5FDEDFAB3FF79FAB2" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Protosiris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
contains four described and a few additional undescribed species (Roig­Alsina, 1989; Shanks, 1986; Melo, unpubl.). The new species proposed here, 
<taxonomicName id="8ACE4D4D2F1BFFD5FF77FAC5FE94FA02" authorityName="ROZEN &amp; MELO &amp; AGUIAR &amp; ALVES-DOS-SANTOS" authorityYear="2006" box="[183,352,1400,1421]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Protosiris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gigas">
<emphasis id="7FBAEADC2F1BFFD5FF77FAC5FE94FA02" box="[183,352,1400,1421]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Protosiris gigas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, is most similar, both in size and structure, to 
<taxonomicName id="8ACE4D4D2F1BFFD5FEF7FA2EFDD7FA27" authority="(Shanks)" baseAuthorityName="Shanks" baseAuthorityYear="1986" box="[311,547,1427,1448]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Protosiris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caligneus">
<emphasis id="7FBAEADC2F1BFFD5FEF7FA2EFE48FA27" box="[311,444,1427,1448]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">P. caligneus</emphasis>
(Shanks)
</taxonomicName>
(comparisons based on male and female 
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from the type locality deposited at AMNH and MZSP). 
<taxonomicName id="8ACE4D4D2F1BFFD5FFBCFA5EFEDCFA77" authorityName="ROZEN &amp; MELO &amp; AGUIAR &amp; ALVES-DOS-SANTOS" authorityYear="2006" box="[124,296,1507,1528]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Protosiris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gigas">
<emphasis id="7FBAEADC2F1BFFD5FFBCFA5EFEDCFA77" box="[124,296,1507,1528]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Protosiris gigas</emphasis>
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can be separated from 
<taxonomicName id="8ACE4D4D2F1BFFD5FDEFFA5EFF58F99C" baseAuthorityName="Shanks" baseAuthorityYear="1986" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Protosiris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caligneus">
<emphasis id="7FBAEADC2F1BFFD5FDEFFA5EFF58F99C" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">P. caligneus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by its abundant yellow marks (uniformly reddish to dark brown in 
<taxonomicName id="8ACE4D4D2F1BFFD5FE4DF9A5FDE4F9A2" baseAuthorityName="Shanks" baseAuthorityYear="1986" box="[397,528,1560,1581]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Protosiris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caligneus">
<emphasis id="7FBAEADC2F1BFFD5FE4DF9A5FDE4F9A2" box="[397,528,1560,1581]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">P. caligneus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), lower paraocular area covered by plumose pubescence (mostly simple in 
<taxonomicName id="8ACE4D4D2F1BFFD5FE8CF9F3FE27F9EC" baseAuthorityName="Shanks" baseAuthorityYear="1986" box="[332,467,1614,1635]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Protosiris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caligneus">
<emphasis id="7FBAEADC2F1BFFD5FE8CF9F3FE27F9EC" box="[332,467,1614,1635]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">P. caligneus</emphasis>
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), slightly longer decumbent hairs on middle portion of upper frons, mesoscutum strongly protruding on its midanterior portion (more pronounced in the female), and with a corresponding deep sulcus along the midline (fig. A18), posterior portion of male scutellum more evenly convex, medial sulcus only weakly indicated (scutellum more bulging in 
<taxonomicName id="8ACE4D4D2F1BFFD5FB76FF4BFCD4FEAA" baseAuthorityName="Shanks" baseAuthorityYear="1986" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Protosiris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caligneus">
<emphasis id="7FBAEADC2F1BFFD5FB76FF4BFCD4FEAA" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">P. caligneus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, medial sulcus more deeply marked), basal depression of metaposnotum smooth and without rugulae (fig. A12) (finely microreticulate and with lateral rugulae in 
<taxonomicName id="8ACE4D4D2F1BFFD5FC30FEDDFB82FEFA" baseAuthorityName="Shanks" baseAuthorityYear="1986" box="[1008,1142,352,373]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Protosiris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caligneus">
<emphasis id="7FBAEADC2F1BFFD5FC30FEDDFB82FEFA" box="[1008,1142,352,373]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">P. caligneus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), tergal setal punctures relatively sparse (very dense in 
<taxonomicName id="8ACE4D4D2F1BFFD5FB76FEC6FCD4FE24" baseAuthorityName="Shanks" baseAuthorityYear="1986" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Protosiris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caligneus">
<emphasis id="7FBAEADC2F1BFFD5FB76FEC6FCD4FE24" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">P. caligneus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, punctures about 1–2 puncture diameters apart) and lateral portions of terga 2–4 with only erect setae (in 
<taxonomicName id="8ACE4D4D2F1BFFD5FC5BFE76FBD5FE6F" baseAuthorityName="Shanks" baseAuthorityYear="1986" box="[923,1057,459,480]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Protosiris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caligneus">
<emphasis id="7FBAEADC2F1BFFD5FC5BFE76FBD5FE6F" box="[923,1057,459,480]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">P. caligneus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, with abundant short, decumbent hairs, similar to those of tergum disc).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="05D465452F1BFFD4FD16FDA6FC5FF942" lastPageId="57" lastPageNumber="58" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" type="description">
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DESCRIPTION: 
<emphasis id="7FBAEADC2F1BFFD5FCABFDA6FBE4FDBF" box="[875,1040,539,560]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
<typeStatus id="9275886C2F1BFFD5FCABFDA6FC3FFDBF" box="[875,971,539,560]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
male.
</emphasis>
Body length: 
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; maximum head width: 
<quantity id="8A369B2B2F1BFFD5FBC2FD88FBA9FDC5" box="[1026,1117,565,586]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.1" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" unit="mm" value="3.1">3.1 mm</quantity>
; forewing length: 
<quantity id="8A369B2B2F1BFFD5FCCFFDEDFC87FDEA" box="[783,883,592,613]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.15" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" unit="mm" value="11.5">11.5 mm</quantity>
. Color: head and thorax mostly pale yellow, with many reddish to dark brown areas, as shown in figures A9 and A10; scape, pedicel, and 1st flagellomere dark brown, remaining flagellomeres dark reddish brown. Wing membrane brownish yellow infuscated, veins brown, pterostigma reddish brown. Metasomal terga 1–5 pale yellow at base and broadly brown apically; T6–T7 entirely dark brown. Sternum 1 dark brown at base and apically, its middle portion pale yellow; S2–S4 largely pale yellow basally and with triangular­shaped, apical brown band (in middle, band occupying about half of sclerite’s length); S5–S6 mostly dark brown. Pubescence: lower paraocular area covered with plumose pubescence. Longest erect setae on lateral portion of mesepisternum about as long as width of 2nd flagellomere (0.3–0.32:0.31). Lateral ventral portions of metasomal terga with only erect setae; S5 with a distinct apical band of plumose pubescence, setae directed to the middle portion of sclerite. Integumental surface: integument very smooth and polished. Setal punctures fine and inconspicuous, except for a few relatively strong punctures laterally on the clypeus and posteriorly on lateral portion of mesepisternum (weaker than those on clypeus). Metapostnotum mostly smooth, microreticulation almost imperceptible, basal depression well developed, its surface without longitudinal rugulae and only with a few transverse, inconspicuous rugulae laterally at the base (fig. A12). Setal punctures on posterior halves of discs of terga 1–4 about 3–4 puncture diameters apart transversely and 5–10 diameters apart longitudinally, slightly denser on basal halves of sclerites. Structure (measurements in mm): head about 1.33 wider than long (3.10:2.40); inner orbits nearly straight and parallel (upper to lower interorbital distance, 1.69:1.70); eye 1.83 as long as width at eye’s midlength (1.85:1.02); mandible bidentate apically, about 2.93 longer than its outer basal width (1.58:0.55); clypeus about 2.43 wider than long (1.69:0.71), distinctly protuberant, midapical portion of disc with relatively flat, triangular­shaped area; supraclypeal area about as protuberant as clypeus, its middle portion relatively flat. First flagellomere conical, about 0.83 as long as its maximum width (0.24:0.31), and about 0.613 as long as 2nd flagellomere (0.24:0.39). Labial palpus 4­segmented, apical segment about as long as third. Hindtibia, in posterior view, about 4.33 longer than wide (2.56:0.59). Forewing M and Cu diverging distinctly distal to cu­a; proportion of lengths of submarginal cells on posterior margin 1.7:1:1.7 (1.18:0.71:1.18). Midanterior portion of mesoscutum distinctly protruding (as in fig. A18), median line forming deep sulcus; mesoscutum as long as wide (1.97:1.97). Pygidial plate narrowly truncate apically.
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="4D7136CE2F1AFFD4FF55FB35FD46FB5D" blockId="57.[123,1227,1159,1234]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
Figs. A9–A12. 
<taxonomicName id="8ACE4D4D2F1AFFD4FE8CFB35FE02FB12" authority="ROZEN &amp; MELO &amp; AGUIAR &amp; ALVES-DOS-SANTOS, 2006" authorityName="ROZEN &amp; MELO &amp; AGUIAR &amp; ALVES-DOS-SANTOS" authorityYear="2006" box="[332,502,1160,1181]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Protosiris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gigas" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="7FBAEADC2F1AFFD4FE8CFB35FE02FB12" box="[332,502,1160,1181]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Protosiris gigas</emphasis>
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, 
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. 
<emphasis id="7FBAEADC2F1AFFD4FD51FB3AFD4CFB13" bold="true" box="[657,696,1159,1180]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">A9.</emphasis>
Male holotype, lateral view. 
<emphasis id="7FBAEADC2F1AFFD4FC30FB3AFBD0FB13" bold="true" box="[1008,1060,1159,1180]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">A10.</emphasis>
Male holotype, dorsal view. 
<emphasis id="7FBAEADC2F1AFFD4FECCFB1FFECBFB38" bold="true" box="[268,319,1186,1207]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">A11.</emphasis>
Male paratype, lateral view. 
<emphasis id="7FBAEADC2F1AFFD4FD4DFB1FFD35FB38" bold="true" box="[653,705,1186,1207]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">A12.</emphasis>
Close­up of metapostnotum of male holotype, posterodorsal view. Figs. A9 and A11 at same scale.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="4D7136CE2F1AFFD4FF55F905FBD7F9F2" blockId="57.[123,652,1293,1741]" lastBlockId="57.[699,1228,1293,1741]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
<emphasis id="7FBAEADC2F1AFFD4FF55F905FF17F942" box="[149,227,1720,1741]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Female</emphasis>
. Body length: 
<quantity id="8A369B2B2F1AFFD4FE53F905FDFBF942" box="[403,527,1720,1741]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="1.6" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" unit="mm" value="15.0" valueMax="16.0" valueMin="14.0">14–16 mm</quantity>
; maximum head width: 
<quantity id="8A369B2B2F1AFFD4FC81FAB0FC2AFAAD" box="[833,990,1293,1314]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.485" metricValueMax="3.62" metricValueMin="3.35" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" unit="mm" value="3.485" valueMax="3.62" valueMin="3.35">3.35–3.62 mm</quantity>
; forewing length: 
<quantity id="8A369B2B2F1AFFD4FB64FAB0FCFDFAB2" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.15" metricValueMax="1.2" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" unit="mm" value="11.5" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="11.0">11– 12 mm</quantity>
. Agreeing with male in color, pubescence, sculpturing and structure, except as follows (measurements taken on 
<specimenCount id="5BC8FD472F1AFFD4FC58FAE0FBEAFAFD" box="[920,1054,1373,1394]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="female">two females</specimenCount>
, somewhat representative of size variation): head about 1.27– 1.293 wider than long (3.35:2.60/3.62:2.84); upper to lower interorbital distance, 1.89:1.97/2.05: 2.13; eye about 1.9–23 as long as width at eye’s midlength (2.01:1.04/2.21:1.10); mandible simple apically, about 2.8–2.93 longer than its outer basal width (1.69:0.59/1.77:0.63); clypeus about 2.6– 2.73 wider than long (1.93:0.71/2.09:0.79). Pygidial plate well developed, about as long as its basal width (1.14:0.98/1.22:1.10).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D7136CE2F1AFFD4FD15F93EFC5FF942" blockId="57.[699,1228,1293,1741]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">VARIATION: Some specimens have more extensive darker areas, especially on the thorax and propodeum (fig. A11).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="19B166462F19FFD7FF56FA14FC9FF981" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4735301" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4735301" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4735301/files/figure.png" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" startId="58.[150,198,1449,1470]" targetBox="[128,1229,187,1429]" targetPageId="58">
<paragraph id="4D7136CE2F19FFD7FF56FA14FC9FF981" blockId="58.[124,1228,1448,1550]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
Figs. A13–A18. 
<taxonomicName id="8ACE4D4D2F19FFD7FE9CFA14FDFCFA31" authority="ROZEN &amp; MELO &amp; AGUIAR &amp; ALVES-DOS-SANTOS, 2006" authorityName="ROZEN &amp; MELO &amp; AGUIAR &amp; ALVES-DOS-SANTOS" authorityYear="2006" box="[348,520,1449,1470]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Protosiris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gigas" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="7FBAEADC2F19FFD7FE9CFA14FDFCFA31" box="[348,520,1449,1470]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Protosiris gigas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicNameLabel id="648957A72F19FFD7FDD9FA14FD6AFA31" box="[537,670,1449,1470]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
. 
<emphasis id="7FBAEADC2F19FFD7FD6BFA15FD2BFA32" bold="true" box="[683,735,1448,1469]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">A13.</emphasis>
Female head, frontal view. 
<emphasis id="7FBAEADC2F19FFD7FBD6FA15FBBEFA32" bold="true" box="[1046,1098,1448,1469]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">A14.</emphasis>
Male head, frontal view. 
<emphasis id="7FBAEADC2F19FFD7FED1FA7EFEB0FA57" bold="true" box="[273,324,1475,1496]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">A15.</emphasis>
Close­up of lower paraocular area of female, frontal view. 
<emphasis id="7FBAEADC2F19FFD7FC1DFA7EFBE4FA57" bold="true" box="[989,1040,1475,1496]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">A16.</emphasis>
Basal portion of female antenna, frontal view. 
<emphasis id="7FBAEADC2F19FFD7FE7FFA63FE06FA7C" bold="true" box="[447,498,1502,1523]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">A17.</emphasis>
Male mesosoma, dorsal view. 
<emphasis id="7FBAEADC2F19FFD7FC84FA63FC83FA7C" bold="true" box="[836,887,1502,1523]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">A18.</emphasis>
Close­up of anterior portion of male mesoscutum, dorsal view. Figs. A13 and A14 at the same scale.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="05D465452F19FFD6FF56F9F0FF26FBA6" lastPageId="59" lastPageNumber="60" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="4D7136CE2F19FFD6FF56F9F0FF26FBA6" blockId="58.[124,653,1613,1741]" lastBlockId="59.[123,651,937,1145]" lastPageId="59" lastPageNumber="60" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
TYPE MATERIAL: 
<typeStatus id="9275886C2F19FFD7FE95F9F0FE42F9ED" box="[341,438,1613,1634]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
male, ‘‘ 
<collectingCountry id="35D9765E2F19FFD7FDD3F9F0FDADF9ED" box="[531,601,1613,1634]" name="Brazil" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Brasil</collectingCountry>
, Parana´, Piraquara, / Mananciais da Serra, / 258289400S 488589040W, / 
<quantity id="8A369B2B2F19FFD7FE64F93EFE1BF917" box="[420,495,1667,1688]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.14" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" unit="m" value="1140.0">1140m</quantity>
, 
<date id="3970100E2F19FFD7FDC1F93EFD87F917" box="[513,627,1667,1688]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" value="2002-11-20">20.xi.2002</date>
, / 
<materialsCitation id="FDA63C932F19FFD7FFBCF920FCD2F917" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3398537306" collectingDate="2002-11-20" collectingDateMax="2003-12-11" collectingDateMin="2002-11-20" collectorName="Aguiar &amp; Rozen'" location="Melo" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<location id="481160152F19FFD7FFBCF920FF42F93D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C56787D82F1BFFD6FF03FB75FE00FBF6:481160152F19FFD7FFBCF920FF42F93D" box="[124,182,1693,1714]" name="Melo" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Melo</location>
, 
<collectorName id="E03B53182F19FFD7FF01F920FEFEF93D" box="[193,266,1693,1714]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Aguiar</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName id="E03B53182F19FFD7FEECF920FE89F93D" box="[300,381,1693,1714]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Rozen’</collectorName>
’. 
<typeStatus id="9275886C2F19FFD7FE4CF920FE02F93D" box="[396,502,1693,1714]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
: several males and females, from the same locality as the holotype, but specific dates and collectors varying (
<date id="3970100E2F19FFD7FB71F9F0FBF0F9F2" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" value="2002-11-20" valueMax="2002-12-13" valueMin="2002-11-20">
<collectingDate id="2934E9E62F19FFD7FB71F9F0FBF0F9F2" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" value="2002-11-20" valueMax="2002-12-13" valueMin="2002-11-20">20 November–13 December 2002</collectingDate>
</date>
, and 
<date id="3970100E2F19FFD7FBFEF9D5FCEBF917" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" value="2003-12-03" valueMax="2003-12-11" valueMin="2003-12-03">
<collectingDate id="2934E9E62F19FFD7FBFEF9D5FCEBF917" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" value="2003-12-03" valueMax="2003-12-11" valueMin="2003-12-03">3–11 December 2003</collectingDate>
</date>
)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="FDA63C932F19FFD7FCF2F93EFBBEF93D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3398537304" collectingDate="2002-11-23" collectorName="A. Zillikens" country="Brazil" location="Florianopolis" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="5BC8FD472F19FFD7FCF2F93EFC65F917" box="[818,913,1667,1688]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
, ‘‘UCAD / 
<location id="481160152F19FFD7FBCDF93EFB6FF917" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C56787D82F1BFFD6FF03FB75FE00FBF6:481160152F19FFD7FBCDF93EFB6FF917" box="[1037,1179,1667,1688]" country="Brazil" name="Florianopolis" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Florianópolis</location>
, SC, 
<collectingCountry id="35D9765E2F19FFD7FD7CF920FD0EF93D" box="[700,762,1693,1714]" name="Brazil" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Brasil</collectingCountry>
/ 
<date id="3970100E2F19FFD7FCD0F920FC73F93D" box="[784,903,1693,1714]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" value="2002-11-23">
<collectingDate id="2934E9E62F19FFD7FCD0F920FC73F93D" box="[784,903,1693,1714]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" value="2002-11-23">23.XI.2002</collectingDate>
</date>
/ 
<collectorName id="E03B53182F19FFD7FC5CF920FBEDF93D" box="[924,1049,1693,1714]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">A. Zillikens</collectorName>
leg.
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="FDA63C932F19FFD6FB8AF920FF49FC31" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3398537305" collectorName="L. B. Smith. &amp; Bromeliaceae" country="Brazil" lastPageId="59" lastPageNumber="60" location="Neoregelia" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
’’ and ‘‘ 
<location id="481160152F19FFD7FB53F920FCF7F942" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C56787D82F1BFFD6FF03FB75FE00FBF6:481160152F19FFD7FB53F920FCF7F942" country="Brazil" name="Neoregelia" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Neoregelia</location>
laevis / (Mez) 
<collectorName id="E03B53182F19FFD7FC65F905FBDCF942" box="[933,1064,1720,1741]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">L. B. Smith.</collectorName>
/ 
<collectorName id="E03B53182F19FFD7FBFDF905FB39F942" box="[1085,1229,1720,1741]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Bromeliaceae</collectorName>
/ flor’
</materialsCitation>
’; 
<materialsCitation id="FDA63C932F18FFD6FF0DFC14FF52FC7B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3398537309" collectingDate="2002-12-27" collectorName="Florianopolis, SC &amp; A. Zillikens" country="Brazil" location="Praia Lagoinha do Leste" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="5BC8FD472F18FFD6FF0DFC14FED8FC31" box="[205,300,937,958]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
, ‘‘ 
<location id="481160152F18FFD6FE81FC14FDBEFC31" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C56787D82F1BFFD6FF03FB75FE00FBF6:481160152F18FFD6FE81FC14FDBEFC31" box="[321,586,937,958]" country="Brazil" name="Praia Lagoinha do Leste" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Praia Lagoinha do Leste</location>
/ 
<collectorName id="E03B53182F18FFD6FD9FFC14FEE1FC56" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Florianópolis, SC</collectorName>
, 
<collectingCountry id="35D9765E2F18FFD6FEE3FC79FE97FC56" box="[291,355,964,985]" name="Brazil" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Brazil</collectingCountry>
/ 
<date id="3970100E2F18FFD6FEBCFC79FE0AFC56" box="[380,510,964,985]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" value="2002-12-27">
<collectingDate id="2934E9E62F18FFD6FEBCFC79FE0AFC56" box="[380,510,964,985]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" value="2002-12-27">27.XII.2002</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectorName id="E03B53182F18FFD6FDCBFC79FD7FFC56" box="[523,651,964,985]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">A. Zillikens</collectorName>
leg.
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="FDA63C932F18FFD6FF65FC62FF3AFBA6" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3398537301" country="Brazil" location="In" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" specimenCount="2" typeStatus="holotype">
’’ and ‘‘ 
<location id="481160152F18FFD6FF30FC62FEFEFC7B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C56787D82F1BFFD6FF03FB75FE00FBF6:481160152F18FFD6FF30FC62FEFEFC7B" box="[240,266,991,1012]" country="Brazil" name="In" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">In</location>
nest aggregation of / 
<taxonomicName id="8ACE4D4D2F18FFD6FE2FFC62FD8DFC7B" box="[495,633,991,1012]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Monoeca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">Monoeca sp.</taxonomicName>
’’. 
<typeStatus id="9275886C2F18FFD6FFBBFC44FF28FB81" box="[123,220,1017,1038]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
in DZUP and 
<typeStatus id="9275886C2F18FFD6FE47FC44FE1FFB81" box="[391,491,1017,1038]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
in DZUP and AMNH
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="19B166462F18FFD6FF55FC82FB66FCE1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4735303" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4735303" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4735303/files/figure.png" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" startId="59.[149,197,831,852]" targetBox="[126,1227,188,811]" targetPageId="59">
<paragraph id="4D7136CE2F18FFD6FF55FC82FB3FFCDC" blockId="59.[123,1227,830,878]" box="[149,1227,830,852]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
Figs. A19–A21. 
<taxonomicName id="8ACE4D4D2F18FFD6FE9AFC82FDF0FCDB" authority="ROZEN &amp; MELO &amp; AGUIAR &amp; ALVES-DOS-SANTOS, 2006" authorityName="ROZEN &amp; MELO &amp; AGUIAR &amp; ALVES-DOS-SANTOS" authorityYear="2006" box="[346,516,831,852]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Protosiris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gigas" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="7FBAEADC2F18FFD6FE9AFC82FDF0FCDB" box="[346,516,831,852]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Protosiris gigas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicNameLabel id="648957A72F18FFD6FDD3FC82FD62FCDB" box="[531,662,831,852]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
. 
<emphasis id="7FBAEADC2F18FFD6FD61FC83FD21FCDC" bold="true" box="[673,725,830,851]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">A19.</emphasis>
Detail of the female hindleg, outer view. 
<emphasis id="7FBAEADC2F18FFD6FB57FC83FB3FFCDC" bold="true" box="[1175,1227,830,851]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">A20.</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D7136CE2F18FFD6FFBBFCE4FB66FCE1" blockId="59.[123,1227,830,878]" box="[123,1170,857,878]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
Close­up of the midportion of the female hindtibia, outer view. 
<emphasis id="7FBAEADC2F18FFD6FCEBFCE4FCAAFCE1" bold="true" box="[811,862,857,878]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">A21.</emphasis>
Male genitalia, dorsal view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="05D465452F18FFD6FF55FB92FE00FBF6" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="4D7136CE2F18FFD6FF55FB92FE00FBF6" blockId="59.[123,651,937,1145]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
ETYMOLOGY: This species is named for its relatively large body size, compared to other 
<taxonomicName id="8ACE4D4D2F18FFD6FD9BFBF4FF48FBF6" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Protosiris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7FBAEADC2F18FFD6FD9BFBF4FF48FBF6" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Protosiris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, from the Latin 
<taxonomicName id="8ACE4D4D2F18FFD6FEB0FBD9FE5DFBF6" authorityName="ROZEN &amp; MELO &amp; AGUIAR &amp; ALVES-DOS-SANTOS" authorityYear="2006" box="[368,425,1124,1145]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Protosiris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gigas">
<emphasis id="7FBAEADC2F18FFD6FEB0FBD9FE5DFBF6" box="[368,425,1124,1145]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">gigas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, giant.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>