treatments-xml/data/AB/F9/AE/ABF9AE55A32251CB919D97ECEDB5DCC7.xml

<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.992.55977" ID-GBIF-Dataset="400f6c73-92df-49ca-b27b-bbed9d9eacab" ID-PMC="PMC7677295" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-992-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="6F09FA35C1585CCF8F9B519ADD7C0BFA" ID-PubMed="33223905" ID-ZooBank="0F038B5B120E45838E854092C9798566" ModsDocID="1313-2970-992-1" checkinTime="1605278943020" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Parapar, Julio, Capa, Maria, Nygren, Arne &amp; Moreira, Juan" docDate="2020" docId="ABF9AE55A32251CB919D97ECEDB5DCC7" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 992: 1-58" docOrigin="ZooKeys 992" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.992.55977" docTitle="Terebellides norvegica Parapar &amp; Capa &amp; Nygren &amp; Moreira 2020, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="659C513E-01DD-43A0-AC29-D1A744EDA9B0" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" id="6F09FA35C1585CCF8F9B519ADD7C0BFA" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="6F09FA35C1585CCF8F9B519ADD7C0BFA" masterDocTitle="To name but a few: descriptions of five new species of Terebellides (Annelida, Trichobranchidae) from the North East Atlantic" masterLastPageNumber="58" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1668169892664" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title>To name but a few: descriptions of five new species of Terebellides (Annelida, Trichobranchidae) from the North East Atlantic</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Parapar, Julio</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Departamento de Bioloxia, Universidade da Coruna, Spain</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">jparapar@udc.es</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Capa, Maria</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Departament de Biologia, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Spain</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Nygren, Arne</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Sjoefartmuseet Akvariet, Goeteborg, Sweden and Institutionen foer marina vetenskaper, Goeteborgs Universitet, Sweden</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Moreira, Juan</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Departamento de Biologia (Zoologia) &amp; Centro de Investigacion en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global (CIBC-UAM), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Spain</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1374-2033</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:date>2020</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>992</mods:number>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.992.55977</mods:url>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.992.55977</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="169056280" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:659C513E-01DD-43A0-AC29-D1A744EDA9B0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/ABF9AE55A32251CB919D97ECEDB5DCC7" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName LSID="ABF9AE55-A322-51CB-919D-97ECEDB5DCC7" authority="Parapar &amp; Capa &amp; Nygren &amp; Moreira, 2020" authorityName="Parapar &amp; Capa &amp; Nygren &amp; Moreira" authorityYear="2020" class="Polychaeta" family="Trichobranchidae" genus="Terebellides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Terebellides norvegica" order="Terebellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="norvegica" status="sp. nov.">Terebellides norvegica</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="1">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Phylogenetic tree after Maximum Likelihood analyses on a concatenated dataset of cox 1, 16 S rDNA, ITS 2, and 28 S rDNA (as in Nygren et al. 2018). Bootstrap support values above nodes. Coloured squares indicate the major clades referred herein as Groups A-D. Within Group A, the focus of present study, subgroups A 1 - A 4 and species 6 - 13, 18 - 21, 23, 28 are labelled." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.992.55977.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/474795" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 1</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Phylogenetic tree after Maximum Likelihood analyses on a dataset of cox 1 (including all sequences in Nygren et al. 2018 and in Lavesque et al. 2019). Bootstrap support values above nodes. Species other than members of Group A are collapsed. Species with names refer to those dealt with in present study." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.992.55977.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/474796" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 2</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. STM photographs of several Terebellides species. A Terebellides bakkeni sp. nov. (species 10; holotype, ZMBN 116395) B Terebellides stroemii Sars, 1835 (species 11; non-type specimen, ZMBN 116397) C Terebellides kongsrudi sp. nov. (species 13; holotype, GNM 14632) D Terebellides bigeniculatus Parapar, Moreira &amp; Helgason, 2011 (species 20 + 28; non-type specimen, ZMBN 116514) E Terebellides europaea Lavesque, Hutchings, Daffe, Nygren &amp; Londono-Mesa, 2019 (species 6; non-type specimen, GNM 14628) F Terebellides ronningae sp. nov. (species 7; holotype, ZMBN 116357) G Terebellides norvegica sp. nov. (species 8; holotype, ZMBN 416378) H Terebellides scotica sp. nov. (species 9; holotype, ZMBN 116385). Abbreviations: bdl - branchial dorsal lobe; bvl - branchial ventral lobe; TC - thoracic chaetiger." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.992.55977.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/474797" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 3G</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Bathymetric distribution of Terebellides species studied in this work. Subgroups (A 1 - 3) within group A sensu Nygren et al. (2018) are indicated." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.992.55977.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/474803" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 9</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Map of Hordaland area (SW Norway) showing collecting sites of Terebellides species as found in Nygren et al. (2018) near type locality of T. stroemii Sars, 1835. Depth ranges shown in boxes." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.992.55977.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/474804" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 10</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. STM photographs of live specimens of several Terebellides species in lateral view. A Terebellides europaea Lavesque, Hutchings, Daffe, Nygren &amp; Londono-Mesa, 2019 (ZMBN 116343) B Terebellides ronningae sp. nov. (ZMBN 116349) C, D Terebellides norvegica sp. nov. (GNM 15131 and GNM 15130 respectively). Abbreviations: babv - branchial afferent blood vessel; bbv - branchial blood vessel; bdl - branchial dorsal lobe; bst - branchial stem; bvl - branchial ventral lobes; cbh - contractile branchial heart; dg - digestive gland; fi - fore intestine; fs - fore stomach; hs - hind stomach; loli - lower lip; oes - oesophagus; ooc - oocytes; tm - tentacular membrane." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.992.55977.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/474808" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 14C-D</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. Relationship between number of abdominal chaetigers and body length (complete specimens) for Terebellides species described in this work." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.992.55977.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/474811" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 17E</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="F18" captionText="Figure 18. Geographic distribution of A T. europaea Lavesque et al., 2019, B T. ronningae sp. nov., C T. norvegica sp. nov., D T. scotica sp. nov. Yellow frame showing Hordaland (Fig. 10)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.992.55977.figure18" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/474812" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 18C</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="F19" captionText="Figure 19. Line drawings of several Terebellides species. A Terebellides europaea Lavesque, Hutchings, Daffe, Nygren &amp; Londono-Mesa, 2019 (species 6; non-type specimen, GNM 14628), anterior end, left lateral view B Terebellides ronningae sp. nov. (species 7; holotype, ZMBN 116357), anterior end, left lateral view C Terebellides norvegica sp. nov. (species 8; holotype, ZMBN 416378), anterior end, right lateral view D Terebellides scotica sp. nov. (species 9; holotype, ZMBN 116385), anterior end, left lateral view. Abbreviations: bdl - branchial dorsal lobe; bvl - branchial ventral lobe; TC - thoracic chaetiger." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.992.55977.figure19" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/474813" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 19C</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figure 22. Terebellides norvegica sp. nov. (species 8; paratypes, GNM 15130 and GNM 15134), SEM micrographs. A anterior end, left lateral view B branchial lobes, ventral view C anterior dorsal branchial lamellae and papillae D TC 4 to TC 6, lateral view. Abbreviations: abl - anterior branchial lobe; bdl - branchial dorsal lobe; bdlfl - branchial dorsal lobes fusion line; bdltp - branchial dorsal lobe terminal papilla; blp - branchial lamellae papillae; bt - buccal tentacles; dpn - dorsal projection of notopodium; gc - geniculate chaetae; gr - glandular region; loli - lower lip; np - nephridial papilla; TC - thoracic chaetiger; tll - thoracic lateral lappets." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.992.55977.figure22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/474816" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 22</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 23" captionStartId="F23" captionText="Figure 23. Terebellides norvegica sp. nov. (species 8; paratypes, GNM 15130 and GNM 15134), SEM micrographs. A TC 6 (TU 1), geniculate chaetae B detail of geniculate chaeta, arrow pointing to capitium (framed in A) C simple row of uncini D thoracic uncinus, capitium E abdominal uncini F ciliate epibionts. Abbreviations: ctr 1 - first row of capitium teeth." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.992.55977.figure23" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/474817" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 23</figureCitation>
; 
<figureCitation captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Comparison of discriminatin g taxonomic characters of the species studied in this work. Cells with text in italic show discriminatory characters of each subgroup. Species 18, 19, and 23 were not studied and 12 and 21 only examined with SEM." pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Table 1</figureCitation>
; Suppl. material 1: Table S1; Suppl. material 2: Table S2
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Species 8 - 
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0198356" author="Nygren, A" journalOrPublisher="Molecular Biology and Evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B22" refString="Nygren, A, Parapar, J, Pons, J, Meissner, K, Bakken, T, Kongsrud, JA, Oug, E, Gaeva, D, Sikorski, A, Johansen, RA, Hutchings, PA, Lavesque, N, Capa, M, 2018. A mega-cryptic species complex hidden among one of the most common annelids in the North East Atlantic. PLOS ONE 13(6): e0198356. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0198356" title="A mega-cryptic species complex hidden among one of the most common annelids in the North East Atlantic. PLOS ONE 13 (6): e 0198356." url="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0198356" year="2018">Nygren et al. 2018</bibRefCitation>
: 18-22, figs 5, 6, 10, Suppl. material 1: Table S1.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Type material. 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Holotype</emphasis>
</emphasis>
: ZMBN116378. 
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Paratypes</emphasis>
(36 specs): Barents Sea (ZMBN11636, ZMBN116365, ZMBN116366, ZMBN116367); Norwegian coast (GNM146323, NTNU-VM61388, NTNU-VM61389, NTNU-VM61390, NTNU-VM66569, NTNU-VM66573, NTNU-VM66574, NTNU-VM68197, NTNU-VM68198, ZMBN116362, ZMBN116363, ZMBN116368, ZMBN116369, ZMBN116370, ZMBN116371, ZMBN116372, ZMBN116373, ZMBN116374, ZMBN116375, ZMBN116376, ZMBN116377, ZMBN116379, ZMBN116380, ZMBN116381, ZMBN116382, ZMBN116383, ZMBN116384); Skagerrak (GNM14637, GNM15131, GNM15232, GNM15134, ZMBN116361).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Holotype</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Complete specimen, 19.0 mm long and 1.5 mm wide (Figs 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. STM photographs of several Terebellides species. A Terebellides bakkeni sp. nov. (species 10; holotype, ZMBN 116395) B Terebellides stroemii Sars, 1835 (species 11; non-type specimen, ZMBN 116397) C Terebellides kongsrudi sp. nov. (species 13; holotype, GNM 14632) D Terebellides bigeniculatus Parapar, Moreira &amp; Helgason, 2011 (species 20 + 28; non-type specimen, ZMBN 116514) E Terebellides europaea Lavesque, Hutchings, Daffe, Nygren &amp; Londono-Mesa, 2019 (species 6; non-type specimen, GNM 14628) F Terebellides ronningae sp. nov. (species 7; holotype, ZMBN 116357) G Terebellides norvegica sp. nov. (species 8; holotype, ZMBN 416378) H Terebellides scotica sp. nov. (species 9; holotype, ZMBN 116385). Abbreviations: bdl - branchial dorsal lobe; bvl - branchial ventral lobe; TC - thoracic chaetiger." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.992.55977.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/474797" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">3G</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="F19" captionText="Figure 19. Line drawings of several Terebellides species. A Terebellides europaea Lavesque, Hutchings, Daffe, Nygren &amp; Londono-Mesa, 2019 (species 6; non-type specimen, GNM 14628), anterior end, left lateral view B Terebellides ronningae sp. nov. (species 7; holotype, ZMBN 116357), anterior end, left lateral view C Terebellides norvegica sp. nov. (species 8; holotype, ZMBN 416378), anterior end, right lateral view D Terebellides scotica sp. nov. (species 9; holotype, ZMBN 116385), anterior end, left lateral view. Abbreviations: bdl - branchial dorsal lobe; bvl - branchial ventral lobe; TC - thoracic chaetiger." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.992.55977.figure19" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/474813" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">19C</figureCitation>
); female with oocytes in body cavity.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.992.55977.figure19" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/474813" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 19" startId="F19">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 19.</emphasis>
Line drawings of several 
<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Trichobranchidae" genus="Terebellides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Terebellides" order="Terebellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Terebellides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species. 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lavesque, Hutchings, Daffe, Nygren &amp; Londono-Mesa" authorityYear="2019" class="Polychaeta" family="Trichobranchidae" genus="Terebellides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Terebellides europaea" order="Terebellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="europaea">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Terebellides europaea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Lavesque, Hutchings, Daffe, Nygren &amp; 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Londoño-Mesa">Londono-Mesa</normalizedToken>
, 2019 (species 6; non-type specimen, GNM14628), anterior end, left lateral view 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Parapar &amp; Capa &amp; Nygren &amp; Moreira" authorityYear="2020" class="Polychaeta" family="Trichobranchidae" genus="Terebellides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Terebellides ronningae" order="Terebellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="ronningae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Terebellides ronningae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. (species 7; holotype, ZMBN116357), anterior end, left lateral view 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Parapar &amp; Capa &amp; Nygren &amp; Moreira" authorityYear="2020" class="Polychaeta" family="Trichobranchidae" genus="Terebellides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Terebellides norvegica" order="Terebellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="norvegica">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Terebellides norvegica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. (species 8; holotype, ZMBN416378), anterior end, right lateral view 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Parapar &amp; Capa &amp; Nygren &amp; Moreira" authorityYear="2020" class="Polychaeta" family="Trichobranchidae" genus="Terebellides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Terebellides scotica" order="Terebellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="scotica">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Terebellides scotica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. (species 9; holotype, ZMBN116385), anterior end, left lateral view. Abbreviations: bdl - branchial dorsal lobe; bvl - branchial ventral lobe; TC - thoracic chaetiger.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">GenBank accession numbers of material examined (COI).</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Holotype: MG025148. Paratypes: MG025119, MG025120, MG025122, MG025124, MG025126, MG025127, MG025128, MG025129, MG025131, MG025132, MG025134, MG025135, MG025136, MG025137, MG025138, MG025139, MG025140, MG025141, MG025142, MG025143, MG025144, MG025145, MG025146, MG025147, MG025149, MG025151, MG025152, MG025153, MG025154, MG025155, MG025156. Additional material: MG025117, MG025118, MG025121, MG025123, MG025125, MG025130, MG025133, MG025150.</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.992.55977.figure20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/474814" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 20" startId="F20">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 20.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Parapar &amp; Capa &amp; Nygren &amp; Moreira" authorityYear="2020" class="Polychaeta" family="Trichobranchidae" genus="Terebellides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Terebellides ronningae" order="Terebellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="ronningae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Terebellides ronningae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. (species 7; paratypes, ZMBN 116349 and ZMBN 116353), SEM micrographs. 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
anterior end, right lateral view 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
dorsal branchial lobes, terminal papilla 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
anterior branchial lamellae papillae 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
TC4, nephridial papilla (framed: detail). Abbreviations: bdl - branchial dorsal lobe; blp - branchial lamellae papillae; bvltp - branchial ventral lobe terminal papilla; gr - glandular region; np - nephridial papilla; TC - thoracic chaetiger.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.992.55977.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/474815" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 21" startId="F21">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 21.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Parapar &amp; Capa &amp; Nygren &amp; Moreira" authorityYear="2020" class="Polychaeta" family="Trichobranchidae" genus="Terebellides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Terebellides ronningae" order="Terebellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="ronningae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Terebellides ronningae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. (species 7; paratypes, ZMBN 116349 and ZMBN 116353), SEM micrographs. 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
TC6 (TU1), geniculate chaetae 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
geniculate chaeta, detail (framed in 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
) 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C-E</emphasis>
thoracic uncini (arrows in 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
pointing to rostrum curved at distal end) 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
abdominal uncini. Abbreviations: cap - capitium; ctr1/2 - first and second rows of capitium teeth; ros - rostrum.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type material">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnostic features of type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Complete individuals ranging from 20.0-50.0 mm in length and 1.2-5.0 mm in width (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. Relationship between number of abdominal chaetigers and body length (complete specimens) for Terebellides species described in this work." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.992.55977.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/474811" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">17E</figureCitation>
). Branchial dorsal lobes lamellae with well-developed anterior papillary projections (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figure 22. Terebellides norvegica sp. nov. (species 8; paratypes, GNM 15130 and GNM 15134), SEM micrographs. A anterior end, left lateral view B branchial lobes, ventral view C anterior dorsal branchial lamellae and papillae D TC 4 to TC 6, lateral view. Abbreviations: abl - anterior branchial lobe; bdl - branchial dorsal lobe; bdlfl - branchial dorsal lobes fusion line; bdltp - branchial dorsal lobe terminal papilla; blp - branchial lamellae papillae; bt - buccal tentacles; dpn - dorsal projection of notopodium; gc - geniculate chaetae; gr - glandular region; loli - lower lip; np - nephridial papilla; TC - thoracic chaetiger; tll - thoracic lateral lappets." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.992.55977.figure22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/474816" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">22C</figureCitation>
). Ventral branchial lobes hidden (Figs 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="F19" captionText="Figure 19. Line drawings of several Terebellides species. A Terebellides europaea Lavesque, Hutchings, Daffe, Nygren &amp; Londono-Mesa, 2019 (species 6; non-type specimen, GNM 14628), anterior end, left lateral view B Terebellides ronningae sp. nov. (species 7; holotype, ZMBN 116357), anterior end, left lateral view C Terebellides norvegica sp. nov. (species 8; holotype, ZMBN 416378), anterior end, right lateral view D Terebellides scotica sp. nov. (species 9; holotype, ZMBN 116385), anterior end, left lateral view. Abbreviations: bdl - branchial dorsal lobe; bvl - branchial ventral lobe; TC - thoracic chaetiger." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.992.55977.figure19" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/474813" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">19C</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figure 22. Terebellides norvegica sp. nov. (species 8; paratypes, GNM 15130 and GNM 15134), SEM micrographs. A anterior end, left lateral view B branchial lobes, ventral view C anterior dorsal branchial lamellae and papillae D TC 4 to TC 6, lateral view. Abbreviations: abl - anterior branchial lobe; bdl - branchial dorsal lobe; bdlfl - branchial dorsal lobes fusion line; bdltp - branchial dorsal lobe terminal papilla; blp - branchial lamellae papillae; bt - buccal tentacles; dpn - dorsal projection of notopodium; gc - geniculate chaetae; gr - glandular region; loli - lower lip; np - nephridial papilla; TC - thoracic chaetiger; tll - thoracic lateral lappets." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.992.55977.figure22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/474816" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">22A, B</figureCitation>
) or not (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. STM photographs of several Terebellides species. A Terebellides bakkeni sp. nov. (species 10; holotype, ZMBN 116395) B Terebellides stroemii Sars, 1835 (species 11; non-type specimen, ZMBN 116397) C Terebellides kongsrudi sp. nov. (species 13; holotype, GNM 14632) D Terebellides bigeniculatus Parapar, Moreira &amp; Helgason, 2011 (species 20 + 28; non-type specimen, ZMBN 116514) E Terebellides europaea Lavesque, Hutchings, Daffe, Nygren &amp; Londono-Mesa, 2019 (species 6; non-type specimen, GNM 14628) F Terebellides ronningae sp. nov. (species 7; holotype, ZMBN 116357) G Terebellides norvegica sp. nov. (species 8; holotype, ZMBN 416378) H Terebellides scotica sp. nov. (species 9; holotype, ZMBN 116385). Abbreviations: bdl - branchial dorsal lobe; bvl - branchial ventral lobe; TC - thoracic chaetiger." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.992.55977.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/474797" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">3G</figureCitation>
) by dorsal ones. Lateral lappets and dorsal projection low marked, only partially present on TC2 (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figure 22. Terebellides norvegica sp. nov. (species 8; paratypes, GNM 15130 and GNM 15134), SEM micrographs. A anterior end, left lateral view B branchial lobes, ventral view C anterior dorsal branchial lamellae and papillae D TC 4 to TC 6, lateral view. Abbreviations: abl - anterior branchial lobe; bdl - branchial dorsal lobe; bdlfl - branchial dorsal lobes fusion line; bdltp - branchial dorsal lobe terminal papilla; blp - branchial lamellae papillae; bt - buccal tentacles; dpn - dorsal projection of notopodium; gc - geniculate chaetae; gr - glandular region; loli - lower lip; np - nephridial papilla; TC - thoracic chaetiger; tll - thoracic lateral lappets." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.992.55977.figure22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/474816" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">22A, D</figureCitation>
). Geniculate chaetae acutely bent, with poorly marked capitium (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 23" captionStartId="F23" captionText="Figure 23. Terebellides norvegica sp. nov. (species 8; paratypes, GNM 15130 and GNM 15134), SEM micrographs. A TC 6 (TU 1), geniculate chaetae B detail of geniculate chaeta, arrow pointing to capitium (framed in A) C simple row of uncini D thoracic uncinus, capitium E abdominal uncini F ciliate epibionts. Abbreviations: ctr 1 - first row of capitium teeth." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.992.55977.figure23" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/474817" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">23A, B</figureCitation>
). Ciliated papilla dorsal to thoracic notopodia not observed. Thoracic uncini in one row (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 23" captionStartId="F23" captionText="Figure 23. Terebellides norvegica sp. nov. (species 8; paratypes, GNM 15130 and GNM 15134), SEM micrographs. A TC 6 (TU 1), geniculate chaetae B detail of geniculate chaeta, arrow pointing to capitium (framed in A) C simple row of uncini D thoracic uncinus, capitium E abdominal uncini F ciliate epibionts. Abbreviations: ctr 1 - first row of capitium teeth." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.992.55977.figure23" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/474817" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">23C</figureCitation>
) with rostrum/capitium length ratio of approximately 2: 1 and capitium with a first row of two or three medium-sized teeth, followed by several progressively smaller teeth (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 23" captionStartId="F23" captionText="Figure 23. Terebellides norvegica sp. nov. (species 8; paratypes, GNM 15130 and GNM 15134), SEM micrographs. A TC 6 (TU 1), geniculate chaetae B detail of geniculate chaeta, arrow pointing to capitium (framed in A) C simple row of uncini D thoracic uncinus, capitium E abdominal uncini F ciliate epibionts. Abbreviations: ctr 1 - first row of capitium teeth." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.992.55977.figure23" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/474817" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">23D</figureCitation>
). Abdomen with 29-38 chaetigers with type 2 uncini (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 23" captionStartId="F23" captionText="Figure 23. Terebellides norvegica sp. nov. (species 8; paratypes, GNM 15130 and GNM 15134), SEM micrographs. A TC 6 (TU 1), geniculate chaetae B detail of geniculate chaeta, arrow pointing to capitium (framed in A) C simple row of uncini D thoracic uncinus, capitium E abdominal uncini F ciliate epibionts. Abbreviations: ctr 1 - first row of capitium teeth." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.992.55977.figure23" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/474817" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">23E</figureCitation>
). Epibiont ciliates observed in some specimens (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 23" captionStartId="F23" captionText="Figure 23. Terebellides norvegica sp. nov. (species 8; paratypes, GNM 15130 and GNM 15134), SEM micrographs. A TC 6 (TU 1), geniculate chaetae B detail of geniculate chaeta, arrow pointing to capitium (framed in A) C simple row of uncini D thoracic uncinus, capitium E abdominal uncini F ciliate epibionts. Abbreviations: ctr 1 - first row of capitium teeth." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.992.55977.figure23" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/474817" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">23F</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.992.55977.figure22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/474816" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 22" startId="F22">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 22.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Parapar &amp; Capa &amp; Nygren &amp; Moreira" authorityYear="2020" class="Polychaeta" family="Trichobranchidae" genus="Terebellides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Terebellides norvegica" order="Terebellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="norvegica">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Terebellides norvegica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. (species 8; paratypes, GNM15130 and GNM15134), SEM micrographs. 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
anterior end, left lateral view 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
branchial lobes, ventral view 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
anterior dorsal branchial lamellae and papillae 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
TC4 to TC6, lateral view. Abbreviations: abl - anterior branchial lobe; bdl - branchial dorsal lobe; bdlfl - branchial dorsal lobes fusion line; bdltp - branchial dorsal lobe terminal papilla; blp - branchial lamellae papillae; bt - buccal tentacles; dpn - dorsal projection of notopodium; gc - geniculate chaetae; gr - glandular region; loli - lower lip; np - nephridial papilla; TC - thoracic chaetiger; tll - thoracic lateral lappets.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nucleotide diagnostic features">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Nucleotide diagnostic features.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
All sequences of 
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. norvegica" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="norvegica">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. norvegica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. share the unique apomorphic nucleotides in positions 48 (C) and 285 (G) of the alignement.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.992.55977.figure23" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/474817" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 23" startId="F23">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 23.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Parapar &amp; Capa &amp; Nygren &amp; Moreira" authorityYear="2020" class="Polychaeta" family="Trichobranchidae" genus="Terebellides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Terebellides norvegica" order="Terebellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="norvegica">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Terebellides norvegica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. (species 8; paratypes, GNM15130 and GNM15134), SEM micrographs. 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
TC6 (TU1), geniculate chaetae 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
detail of geniculate chaeta, arrow pointing to capitium (framed in 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
) 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
simple row of uncini 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
thoracic uncinus, capitium 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
abdominal uncini 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
ciliate epibionts. Abbreviations: ctr1 - first row of capitium teeth.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type locality">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Typ e locality.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Rogaland (Norway); at depths of between 226 and 242 m (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="F18" captionText="Figure 18. Geographic distribution of A T. europaea Lavesque et al., 2019, B T. ronningae sp. nov., C T. norvegica sp. nov., D T. scotica sp. nov. Yellow frame showing Hordaland (Fig. 10)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.992.55977.figure18" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/474812" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">18C</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution and bathymetry.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Barents Sea, Norwegian coast, Skagerrak; 190-1,268 m deep (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0198356" author="Nygren, A" journalOrPublisher="Molecular Biology and Evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B22" refString="Nygren, A, Parapar, J, Pons, J, Meissner, K, Bakken, T, Kongsrud, JA, Oug, E, Gaeva, D, Sikorski, A, Johansen, RA, Hutchings, PA, Lavesque, N, Capa, M, 2018. A mega-cryptic species complex hidden among one of the most common annelids in the North East Atlantic. PLOS ONE 13(6): e0198356. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0198356" title="A mega-cryptic species complex hidden among one of the most common annelids in the North East Atlantic. PLOS ONE 13 (6): e 0198356." url="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0198356" year="2018">Nygren et al. 2018</bibRefCitation>
) (Figs 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Bathymetric distribution of Terebellides species studied in this work. Subgroups (A 1 - 3) within group A sensu Nygren et al. (2018) are indicated." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.992.55977.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/474803" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">9</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="F18" captionText="Figure 18. Geographic distribution of A T. europaea Lavesque et al., 2019, B T. ronningae sp. nov., C T. norvegica sp. nov., D T. scotica sp. nov. Yellow frame showing Hordaland (Fig. 10)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.992.55977.figure18" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/474812" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">18C</figureCitation>
; Suppl. material 1: Table S1).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">The name of the new species refers to the country where members of this lineage were found, along the Norwegian coast from the Barents Sea to the Skagerrak Strait.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Parapar &amp; Capa &amp; Nygren &amp; Moreira" authorityYear="2020" class="Polychaeta" family="Trichobranchidae" genus="Terebellides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Terebellides norvegica" order="Terebellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="norvegica">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Terebellides norvegica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. is characterised by the presence of marginal papillae in the anterior region of branchial dorsal lamellae, thoracic uncini of type 3 and abdominal uncini of type 2, and by lacking ciliated papilla dorsal to thoracic notopodia (Table 
<tableCitation captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Comparison of discriminatin g taxonomic characters of the species studied in this work. Cells with text in italic show discriminatory characters of each subgroup. Species 18, 19, and 23 were not studied and 12 and 21 only examined with SEM." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/50957C2B992BD297784D481C9B89A718" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableUuid="50957C2B992BD297784D481C9B89A718">1</tableCitation>
). These features are shared with species of subgroup A2: 
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. europaea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="europaea">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. europaea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. ronningae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="ronningae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. ronningae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. and 
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. scotica" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="scotica">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. scotica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. (Table 
<tableCitation captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Comparison of discriminatin g taxonomic characters of the species studied in this work. Cells with text in italic show discriminatory characters of each subgroup. Species 18, 19, and 23 were not studied and 12 and 21 only examined with SEM." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/50957C2B992BD297784D481C9B89A718" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableUuid="50957C2B992BD297784D481C9B89A718">1</tableCitation>
), apart from the thoracic uncini type that is different in 
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. ronningae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="ronningae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. ronningae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. Furthermore, 
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. norvegica" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="norvegica">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. norvegica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov., 
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. europaea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="europaea">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. europaea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. scotica" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="scotica">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. scotica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. also show the same variability in whether ventral branchial lobes are hidden or not by dorsal lobes. Therefore, it seems that members of these three species can only be distinguished according to the DNA sequences. However, they show little overlapping in their geographic distribution and bathymetric ranges (Figs 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Bathymetric distribution of Terebellides species studied in this work. Subgroups (A 1 - 3) within group A sensu Nygren et al. (2018) are indicated." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.992.55977.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/474803" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">9</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="F18" captionText="Figure 18. Geographic distribution of A T. europaea Lavesque et al., 2019, B T. ronningae sp. nov., C T. norvegica sp. nov., D T. scotica sp. nov. Yellow frame showing Hordaland (Fig. 10)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.992.55977.figure18" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/474812" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">18A, C, D</figureCitation>
). 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Parapar &amp; Capa &amp; Nygren &amp; Moreira" authorityYear="2020" class="Polychaeta" family="Trichobranchidae" genus="Terebellides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Terebellides norvegica" order="Terebellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="norvegica">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Terebellides norvegica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. inhabits deep-water habitats (mostly below 200 m) along the Norwegian coast; its distribution only overlaps with that of 
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. europaea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="europaea">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. europaea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in southern waters (Skagerrak). As stated before, 
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. europaea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="europaea">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. europaea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a broader distribution reaching to the South NW Iberian Peninsula and is generally found in shallower habitats (&lt;100 m) similarly to 
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. scotica" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="scotica">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. scotica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. Ciliate epibionts attached over dorsal body surface were also observed (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 23" captionStartId="F23" captionText="Figure 23. Terebellides norvegica sp. nov. (species 8; paratypes, GNM 15130 and GNM 15134), SEM micrographs. A TC 6 (TU 1), geniculate chaetae B detail of geniculate chaeta, arrow pointing to capitium (framed in A) C simple row of uncini D thoracic uncinus, capitium E abdominal uncini F ciliate epibionts. Abbreviations: ctr 1 - first row of capitium teeth." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.992.55977.figure23" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/474817" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">23F</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
On the other hand, the internal anatomy of 
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. norvegica" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="norvegica">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. norvegica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. has been examined by transparency in one alive specimen (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. STM photographs of live specimens of several Terebellides species in lateral view. A Terebellides europaea Lavesque, Hutchings, Daffe, Nygren &amp; Londono-Mesa, 2019 (ZMBN 116343) B Terebellides ronningae sp. nov. (ZMBN 116349) C, D Terebellides norvegica sp. nov. (GNM 15131 and GNM 15130 respectively). Abbreviations: babv - branchial afferent blood vessel; bbv - branchial blood vessel; bdl - branchial dorsal lobe; bst - branchial stem; bvl - branchial ventral lobes; cbh - contractile branchial heart; dg - digestive gland; fi - fore intestine; fs - fore stomach; hs - hind stomach; loli - lower lip; oes - oesophagus; ooc - oocytes; tm - tentacular membrane." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.992.55977.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/474808" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">14D</figureCitation>
). The digestive tract is divided in an oesophagus clearly distinguishable between TC1 and TC3, that is followed by the stomach and the associated digestive gland (TC4-TC7) and then by the intestine (from TC11). Regarding the circulatory system, a double dorsal blood vessel is present in anterior body end from which arise four afferent vessels at the level of branchial stem and into the branchiae; the coelomic cavity bears oocytes from TC11. All these internal features agree with those described by 
<bibRefCitation author="Jouin-Toulmond, C" journalOrPublisher="Cahiers de Biologie Marine" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="287 - 299" refId="B15" refString="Jouin-Toulmond, C, Hourdez, S, 2006. Morphology, ultrastructure and functional anatomy of the branchial organ of Terebellides stroemii (Polychaeta: Trichobranchidae) and remarks on the systematic position of the genus Terebellides. Cahiers de Biologie Marine 47: 287 - 299" title="Morphology, ultrastructure and functional anatomy of the branchial organ of Terebellides stroemii (Polychaeta: Trichobranchidae) and remarks on the systematic position of the genus Terebellides." volume="47" year="2006">Jouin-Toulmond and Hourdez (2006)</bibRefCitation>
and 
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1017/S0025315414000903" author="Parapar, J" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="323 - 337" refId="B23" refString="Parapar, J, Hutchings, P, 2014. Redescription of Terebellides stroemii (Polychaeta, Trichobranchidae) and designation of a neotype. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 95: 323 - 337, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0025315414000903" title="Redescription of Terebellides stroemii (Polychaeta, Trichobranchidae) and designation of a neotype." url="https://doi.org/10.1017/S0025315414000903" volume="95" year="2014">Parapar and Hutchings (2014)</bibRefCitation>
for other species of the genus.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Forty sequences (see Suppl. material 2: Table S2), in 33 haplotypes, have been attributed to this species (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0198356" author="Nygren, A" journalOrPublisher="Molecular Biology and Evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B22" refString="Nygren, A, Parapar, J, Pons, J, Meissner, K, Bakken, T, Kongsrud, JA, Oug, E, Gaeva, D, Sikorski, A, Johansen, RA, Hutchings, PA, Lavesque, N, Capa, M, 2018. A mega-cryptic species complex hidden among one of the most common annelids in the North East Atlantic. PLOS ONE 13(6): e0198356. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0198356" title="A mega-cryptic species complex hidden among one of the most common annelids in the North East Atlantic. PLOS ONE 13 (6): e 0198356." url="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0198356" year="2018">Nygren et al. 2018</bibRefCitation>
). They show 0-3.1% intraspecific divergence, larger than in other 
<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Trichobranchidae" genus="Terebellides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Terebellides" order="Terebellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Terebellides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species, and a minimum of 10.5% uncorrected genetic distance, with its closest relative being 
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. scotica" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="scotica">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. scotica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Phylogenetic tree after Maximum Likelihood analyses on a concatenated dataset of cox 1, 16 S rDNA, ITS 2, and 28 S rDNA (as in Nygren et al. 2018). Bootstrap support values above nodes. Coloured squares indicate the major clades referred herein as Groups A-D. Within Group A, the focus of present study, subgroups A 1 - A 4 and species 6 - 13, 18 - 21, 23, 28 are labelled." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.992.55977.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/474795" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">1</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>