327 lines
31 KiB
XML
327 lines
31 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1058.68628" ID-GBIF-Dataset="4477866e-bbd0-4938-86ed-bd708b00559c" ID-PMC="PMC8421324" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1058-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="61FB9E86BEE45968AAC868B21AF7ED86" ID-PubMed="34557053" ID-ZooBank="654932353DDB4E1B8848EAB69F2C20FD" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1058-1" checkinTime="1630349293316" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Vagalinski, Boyan & Golovatch, Sergei I." docDate="2021" docId="A198C84EFCDF5695A5259E142CDE39F6" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1058: 1-127" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1058" docPubDate="2021-08-30" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1058.68628" docTitle="Svaniulus ryvkini Vagalinski, gen. nov. 2021, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="40C1EABC-B2E1-43A5-8F24-7A00391B88FD" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" id="61FB9E86BEE45968AAC868B21AF7ED86" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="61FB9E86BEE45968AAC868B21AF7ED86" masterDocTitle="The millipede tribe Brachyiulini in the Caucasus (Diplopoda, Julida, Julidae)" masterLastPageNumber="127" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1668150880892" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>The millipede tribe Brachyiulini in the Caucasus (Diplopoda, Julida, Julidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Vagalinski, Boyan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research at the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2 Yurii Gagarin Street, 1113, Sofia, Bulgaria</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">boyan_vagalinski@excite.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Golovatch, Sergei I.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Institute for Problems of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 33, Moscow 119071, Russia</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2021</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2021-08-30</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>1058</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>127</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1058.68628</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1058.68628</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1058-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">654932353DDB4E1B8848EAB69F2C20FD</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">61FB9E86BEE45968AAC868B21AF7ED86</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7019422" ID-GBIF-Taxon="185371657" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7019422" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:40C1EABC-B2E1-43A5-8F24-7A00391B88FD" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A198C84EFCDF5695A5259E142CDE39F6" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/40C1EABC-B2E1-43A5-8F24-7A00391B88FD" authority="Vagalinski, gen. nov." authorityName="Vagalinski, gen. nov." authorityYear="2021" class="Diplopoda" family="Julidae" genus="Svaniulus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Svaniulus ryvkini" order="Julida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ryvkini" status="sp. nov.">Svaniulus ryvkini Vagalinski, gen. nov.</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="1">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 47" captionStartId="F47" captionText="Figure 47. Svaniulus ryvkini gen. nov., sp. nov., ♂ holotype A head and body rings 1 - 4 B telson, lateral views. Not to scale." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1058.68628.figure47" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/581982" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 47</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 48" captionStartId="F48" captionText="Figure 48. Svaniulus ryvkini gen. nov., sp. nov., ♂ holotype (A-C) and ♀ paratype (D) A hypoproct, ventral view B right flange of pleurotergum 7, ventro-lateral view C penis, caudal view D left vulva, mesal view (setae omitted). Scale bars: 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: ca. central ampulla, ct central tube, pa posterior ampulla, pt posterior tube." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1058.68628.figure48" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/581983" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 48</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 49" captionStartId="F49" captionText="Figure 49. Svaniulus ryvkini gen. nov., sp. nov., gonopods of ♂ holotype A left gonopods, mesal view B distal part of right promere, lateral view C right promere, caudal view D right opisthomere, meso-caudal view E same, oral view F distal part of the same, meso-caudal view. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A-E), 0.05 mm (F). Abbreviations: bpp basoposterior process, dmp distomesal process, dr distal ridge, f flagellum, fc flagellum channel, g (supposed) gonocoxal gland, ml mesomeroidal lobe, mp mesal process, mr median ridge, msl mesal lobe of basoposterior process, p promere, pt posterior tube, s solenomere, sf spiniform filaments, sp apical process of solenomere." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1058.68628.figure49" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/581984" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 49</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Material examined</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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(ZMUM):
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="1986-09-02" collectorName="A. Ryvkin" country="Georgia" county="Lukhi" elevation="800" location="Svanetia" municipality="Nenskra River" specimenCount="♂" typeStatus="Holotype">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<typeStatus>Holotype</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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:
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<specimenCount>♂</specimenCount>
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(in head and 5 pieces, left antenna, penis, leg pairs 1 and 2, penis, gonopods, right flange of pleurotergum 7, mid-body leg, and hypoproct dissected),
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<collectingCountry name="Georgia">Georgia</collectingCountry>
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,
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A198C84EFCDF5695A5259E142CDE39F6:CC84CCDFB2CC787E294C425C6464A184" country="Georgia" county="Lukhi" municipality="Nenskra River" name="Svanetia">Svanetia</location>
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, mouth of
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<collectingMunicipality>Nenskra River</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<collectingCounty>Lukhi</collectingCounty>
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,
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<locationDeviation location="Khaishi">N of Khaishi</locationDeviation>
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, ca.
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<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" unit="m" value="800.0">
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<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" unit="m" value="800.0">800 m</quantity>
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a.s.l.
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</elevation>
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, leaf litter,
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<collectingDate value="1986-09-02">2.IX.1986</collectingDate>
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,
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<collectorName>A. Ryvkin</collectorName>
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leg.
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</materialsCitation>
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</emphasis>
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<typeStatus>Paratype</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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:
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<specimenCount type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
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(in 2 pieces, left vulva dissected),
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" collectorName="A. Ryvkin" country="Georgia" county="Lukhi" elevation="800" location="Svanetia" municipality="Nenskra River" specimenCount="5" specimenCount-juvenile="5" typeStatus="paratype">
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<specimenCount type="generic">5 juv.</specimenCount>
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(unbroken), same collecting data as for holotype
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Differs from its only known congener,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="S. waltheri" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="waltheri">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. waltheri</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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gen. nov., sp. nov., mainly by being on average slightly smaller, by the relatively shorter male antennae, by the position and shape of the ventral protrusions of male body pleurotergum 7, and by the following details of gonopod structure: promere proportionally broader, abruptly narrowing only apically, with the mesal process significantly exceeding the apex, vs. the same being more slender, gradually narrowing distally, and with the mesal process just slightly exceeding the apex in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="S. waltheri" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="waltheri">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. waltheri</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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gen. nov., sp. nov.; opisthomere possessing a distomesal process vs. this being absent from
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<taxonomicName lsidName="S. waltheri" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="waltheri">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. waltheri</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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gen. nov., sp. nov., having a broad and flat apical margin of the basoposterior process, vs. the same forming a distinct apical corner in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="S. waltheri" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="waltheri">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. waltheri</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov., and with the solenomere gradually narrowing all the way to the top, vs. the same being somewhat enlarged apically in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="S. waltheri" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="waltheri">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. waltheri</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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gen. nov., sp. nov.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="name">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Name.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Honours Aleksandr B. Ryvkin, a coleopterist and the collector of the specimens used for the description of this new species.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Measurements</emphasis>
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:
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</emphasis>
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holotype in S IX, 42+1+T, L = 23 mm, H = 1.6 mm; paratype ♀ in S X, 46+1+T, L = 27 mm, H = 2.2 mm.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Colouration</emphasis>
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(> 30 years in alcohol) (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 47" captionStartId="F47" captionText="Figure 47. Svaniulus ryvkini gen. nov., sp. nov., ♂ holotype A head and body rings 1 - 4 B telson, lateral views. Not to scale." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1058.68628.figure47" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/581982" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">47</figureCitation>
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): Head and collum with the usual colour pattern, antennae dark brown; trunk dorsally mostly brown-grey, with a blackish axial line and with dark grey to blackish transverse stripes running along pro-metazonal suture on both pro- and metazonae, reaching down to ozopore level; contrasting lighter brown-beige below ozopore level; frontal sections of prozonae brown-beige, posteriorly with an irregular dark brown spot around ozopore; metazonae mostly lighter than prozonae, their posterior sections with a dark brown band encircling entire ring, these narrowing and lightening ventrally; hind margins ochre-brown; epiproct dorsally dark grey, laterally dark brown; hypoproct and proximal part of paraprocts mostly light brown; legs yellowish.
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1058.68628.figure47" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/581982" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 47" startId="F47">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 47.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName class="Diplopoda" family="Julidae" genus="Svaniulus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Svaniulus ryvkini" order="Julida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ryvkini">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Svaniulus ryvkini</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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gen. nov., sp. nov., ♂ holotype
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
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head and body rings 1-4
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
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telson, lateral views. Not to scale.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">External structures</emphasis>
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:
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</emphasis>
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Eye patches consisting of 27 or 28 and 37 or 38 markedly convex ommatidia, in the male and female, respectively; developmental rows easily countable. Vertigial, supralabral, and labral setae: two, four, and 20, respectively. Antennae ca. 1.35
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as head in the male, and 1.25
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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in the female; antennomere 2> 3 ≥ 5 ≥ 4> 6. Gnathochilarium with a moderately sized promentum separating lamellae linguales by nearly half their length, each latter with four setae in a longitudinal row; male stipites basolaterally each with a faint oblong hump bearing several setae. Collum mostly smooth, with only several sparsely set, short and shallow grooves near posterolateral corners; frontolateral margin gently concave.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Body rings considerably vaulted. Prozonae with densely set, very short, shallow, parallel, longitudinal striae in their hind sections. Metazonae moderately deeply striated, n
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Schub</emphasis>
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= 9 or 10 in the male, and 10 or 11 in the female; setae erect to somewhat slanting, from ca. 2/5 (in mid-body and caudal rings) to equal to metazonal length (in anteriormost rings). Ozopores set tightly behind pro-metazonal suture in more anterior rings, and ca. half their diameter behind in more posterior ones; sutures gently to considerably sinuous in front of ozopores in most rings. Tarsus of mid-body legs equal to tibia, and slightly> 3
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as apical claw.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Telson</emphasis>
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(Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 47" captionStartId="F47" captionText="Figure 47. Svaniulus ryvkini gen. nov., sp. nov., ♂ holotype A head and body rings 1 - 4 B telson, lateral views. Not to scale." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1058.68628.figure47" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/581982" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">47B</figureCitation>
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): Epiproct rather long (slightly exceeding the level of longest paraproctal setae in the male, just reaching it in the female) and straight, ending up with a well-developed, blunt, unciform, hyaline tip bent dorsad; with several long setae on dorsal side. Hypoproct in the male (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 48" captionStartId="F48" captionText="Figure 48. Svaniulus ryvkini gen. nov., sp. nov., ♂ holotype (A-C) and ♀ paratype (D) A hypoproct, ventral view B right flange of pleurotergum 7, ventro-lateral view C penis, caudal view D left vulva, mesal view (setae omitted). Scale bars: 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: ca. central ampulla, ct central tube, pa posterior ampulla, pt posterior tube." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1058.68628.figure48" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/581983" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">48A</figureCitation>
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) rounded trapezoidal, with a thickened, faintly undulate, caudal margin slightly protruding behind caudal contour of paraprocts, this being broadly rounded, thinner, and tightly adhering under paraprocts in the female; with a pair of long distal paramedian setae. Paraprocts rather sparsely covered with long setae, without rows of shorter setae at caudal margins.
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1058.68628.figure48" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/581983" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 48" startId="F48">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 48.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName class="Diplopoda" family="Julidae" genus="Svaniulus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Svaniulus ryvkini" order="Julida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ryvkini">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Svaniulus ryvkini</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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gen. nov., sp. nov., ♂ holotype (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A-C</emphasis>
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) and ♀ paratype (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
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hypoproct, ventral view
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
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right flange of pleurotergum 7, ventro-lateral view
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
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penis, caudal view
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
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left vulva, mesal view (setae omitted). Scale bars: 0.1 mm. Abbreviations:
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">ca.</emphasis>
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central ampulla,
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">ct</emphasis>
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central tube,
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">pa</emphasis>
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posterior ampulla,
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">pt</emphasis>
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posterior tube.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Male sexual characters</emphasis>
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:
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</emphasis>
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Mandibular stipites (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 47" captionStartId="F47" captionText="Figure 47. Svaniulus ryvkini gen. nov., sp. nov., ♂ holotype A head and body rings 1 - 4 B telson, lateral views. Not to scale." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1058.68628.figure47" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/581982" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">47A</figureCitation>
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) considerably expanded, protruding ventro-anteriad, forming a subrectangular, rounded, ventro-anterior corner. Leg pair 1 compact parallel hooks. Leg pair 2 slightly shorter and thicker than following legs, both tibial and postfemoral adhesive pads well-developed, crested in anterior part of body, gradually reduced in the last third, completely absent from caudalmost legs; femora without modifications. Pleurotergum 7 ventrally forming blunt and spade-shaped lobes (Fig.
|
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 48" captionStartId="F48" captionText="Figure 48. Svaniulus ryvkini gen. nov., sp. nov., ♂ holotype (A-C) and ♀ paratype (D) A hypoproct, ventral view B right flange of pleurotergum 7, ventro-lateral view C penis, caudal view D left vulva, mesal view (setae omitted). Scale bars: 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: ca. central ampulla, ct central tube, pa posterior ampulla, pt posterior tube." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1058.68628.figure48" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/581983" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">48B</figureCitation>
|
||
) originating entirely from metazona, oriented with their broad sides parallel to the body axis, protruding mostly mesad, touching one another behind gonopods. Penis (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 48" captionStartId="F48" captionText="Figure 48. Svaniulus ryvkini gen. nov., sp. nov., ♂ holotype (A-C) and ♀ paratype (D) A hypoproct, ventral view B right flange of pleurotergum 7, ventro-lateral view C penis, caudal view D left vulva, mesal view (setae omitted). Scale bars: 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: ca. central ampulla, ct central tube, pa posterior ampulla, pt posterior tube." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1058.68628.figure48" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/581983" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">48C</figureCitation>
|
||
) very small, deeply hidden above coxae 2, barrel-shaped, slightly longer than broad, strongly flattened dorso-ventrally, with very short apical lobes ending in short and blunt terminal lamellae directed distad.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Gonopods</emphasis>
|
||
(Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 49" captionStartId="F49" captionText="Figure 49. Svaniulus ryvkini gen. nov., sp. nov., gonopods of ♂ holotype A left gonopods, mesal view B distal part of right promere, lateral view C right promere, caudal view D right opisthomere, meso-caudal view E same, oral view F distal part of the same, meso-caudal view. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A-E), 0.05 mm (F). Abbreviations: bpp basoposterior process, dmp distomesal process, dr distal ridge, f flagellum, fc flagellum channel, g (supposed) gonocoxal gland, ml mesomeroidal lobe, mp mesal process, mr median ridge, msl mesal lobe of basoposterior process, p promere, pt posterior tube, s solenomere, sf spiniform filaments, sp apical process of solenomere." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1058.68628.figure49" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/581984" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">49</figureCitation>
|
||
): Promere (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 49" captionStartId="F49" captionText="Figure 49. Svaniulus ryvkini gen. nov., sp. nov., gonopods of ♂ holotype A left gonopods, mesal view B distal part of right promere, lateral view C right promere, caudal view D right opisthomere, meso-caudal view E same, oral view F distal part of the same, meso-caudal view. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A-E), 0.05 mm (F). Abbreviations: bpp basoposterior process, dmp distomesal process, dr distal ridge, f flagellum, fc flagellum channel, g (supposed) gonocoxal gland, ml mesomeroidal lobe, mp mesal process, mr median ridge, msl mesal lobe of basoposterior process, p promere, pt posterior tube, s solenomere, sf spiniform filaments, sp apical process of solenomere." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1058.68628.figure49" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/581984" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">49B, C and p</figureCitation>
|
||
in Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 49" captionStartId="F49" captionText="Figure 49. Svaniulus ryvkini gen. nov., sp. nov., gonopods of ♂ holotype A left gonopods, mesal view B distal part of right promere, lateral view C right promere, caudal view D right opisthomere, meso-caudal view E same, oral view F distal part of the same, meso-caudal view. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A-E), 0.05 mm (F). Abbreviations: bpp basoposterior process, dmp distomesal process, dr distal ridge, f flagellum, fc flagellum channel, g (supposed) gonocoxal gland, ml mesomeroidal lobe, mp mesal process, mr median ridge, msl mesal lobe of basoposterior process, p promere, pt posterior tube, s solenomere, sf spiniform filaments, sp apical process of solenomere." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1058.68628.figure49" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/581984" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">49A</figureCitation>
|
||
) relatively slender, somewhat higher than opisthomere, leaf-shaped, with a gently convex mesal margin, and a markedly sigmoid lateral one, both joining in a narrowly rounded apex; caudal surface with a massive and long mesal process originating at mid-height, ending with a short unciform apex turned baso-anteriad, considerably exceeding the apex of main promeral body; a short, well-pronounced, median ridge, a broad and weakly defined median groove, and a short and well-pronounced distal ridge just lateral to base of mesal process; flagellum just slightly shorter than height of promere. Opisthomere (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 49" captionStartId="F49" captionText="Figure 49. Svaniulus ryvkini gen. nov., sp. nov., gonopods of ♂ holotype A left gonopods, mesal view B distal part of right promere, lateral view C right promere, caudal view D right opisthomere, meso-caudal view E same, oral view F distal part of the same, meso-caudal view. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A-E), 0.05 mm (F). Abbreviations: bpp basoposterior process, dmp distomesal process, dr distal ridge, f flagellum, fc flagellum channel, g (supposed) gonocoxal gland, ml mesomeroidal lobe, mp mesal process, mr median ridge, msl mesal lobe of basoposterior process, p promere, pt posterior tube, s solenomere, sf spiniform filaments, sp apical process of solenomere." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1058.68628.figure49" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/581984" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">49A, D-F</figureCitation>
|
||
) slender; basoposterior process present as a broad, anterocaudally flattened lobe ending with a flat apical margin bent caudad and bearing short and micro-papillary branches, mesally expanding into a short lobe with a coarse margin; mesomeroidal lobe a weakly pronounced ridge; a thumb-like distomesal process originating from border between basoposterior process and solenomere, directed distomesad; anteromesally at base a well-developed, elongate lobe (presumably gonocoxal gland); solenomere unipartite, long, flattened on sides, gradually narrowing distad, gently sigmoid, caudo-apically with a very fine and sharply pointed process; a dense row of small, erect, spiniform filaments at flagellum
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="channel’s">channel's</normalizedToken>
|
||
mid-height.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1058.68628.figure49" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/581984" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 49" startId="F49">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 49.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Diplopoda" family="Julidae" genus="Svaniulus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Svaniulus ryvkini" order="Julida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ryvkini">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Svaniulus ryvkini</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
gen. nov., sp. nov., gonopods of ♂ holotype
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||
left gonopods, mesal view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||
distal part of right promere, lateral view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||
right promere, caudal view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||
right opisthomere, meso-caudal view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
|
||
same, oral view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
|
||
distal part of the same, meso-caudal view. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A-E</emphasis>
|
||
), 0.05 mm (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
|
||
). Abbreviations:
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">bpp</emphasis>
|
||
basoposterior process,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">dmp</emphasis>
|
||
distomesal process,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">dr</emphasis>
|
||
distal ridge,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">f</emphasis>
|
||
flagellum,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">fc</emphasis>
|
||
flagellum channel,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">g</emphasis>
|
||
(supposed) gonocoxal gland,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">ml</emphasis>
|
||
mesomeroidal lobe,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">mp</emphasis>
|
||
mesal process,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">mr</emphasis>
|
||
median ridge,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">msl</emphasis>
|
||
mesal lobe of basoposterior process,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">p</emphasis>
|
||
promere,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">pt</emphasis>
|
||
posterior tube,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">s</emphasis>
|
||
solenomere,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">sf</emphasis>
|
||
spiniform filaments,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">sp</emphasis>
|
||
apical process of solenomere.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Female sexual characters</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Leg pairs 1 and 2 somewhat shorter, 1st also slightly thicker, than following legs. Vulva (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 48" captionStartId="F48" captionText="Figure 48. Svaniulus ryvkini gen. nov., sp. nov., ♂ holotype (A-C) and ♀ paratype (D) A hypoproct, ventral view B right flange of pleurotergum 7, ventro-lateral view C penis, caudal view D left vulva, mesal view (setae omitted). Scale bars: 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: ca. central ampulla, ct central tube, pa posterior ampulla, pt posterior tube." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1058.68628.figure48" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/581983" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">48D</figureCitation>
|
||
) slightly asymmetrical (lateral valve of bursa more strongly slanting towards apex compared to mesal one), rather elongate, subconical, strongly compressed on sides; bursa with a distinct, obtuse, postero-apical margin; an opening absent, with the two valves completely fused all the way to bursal apex; operculum slightly shorter than bursa, both structures ending up with ear-like hyaline protrusions, bursal ones considerably larger; setation dense throughout. Receptaculum seminis composed of a short and very narrow central tube abruptly widening into an oblong central ampulla, forming several constrictions followed by a digitiform reservoir at bottom; and a long and thin, slightly folded, posterior tube, this somewhat widening before ending in a subspherical posterior ampulla.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">General distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">SWGC.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
In the absence of a bursal opening and considering the position of the central tube of the vulval receptaculum, which is displaced strongly anteriad, at the border with the operculum, the only way for the male opisthomere to reach the receptaculum would be through widening the gap between the bursa and operculum, with the slender, gradually attenuating solenomere ending with a short and sharply pointed process that seems to serve as a perfect tool for that purpose. This is an obvious and rare example of co-evolution of gonopods and vulvae within
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Leach" authorityYear="1814" class="Diplopoda" family="Julidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Julida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Julidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the family being generally characterised by highly specialised posterior gonopods with species-specific apical parts, in contrast to the more simply and uniformly built vulvae which are often barely distinguishable even between different genera of the same tribe.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |