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<document id="B6D04EE319C95A282A90EF9A445592B2" ID-CLB-Dataset="71412" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5150.4.4" ID-GBIF-Dataset="b1562bea-da17-4130-a28f-bd6e1bb2a275" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6626905" ID-ZooBank="7D852735-1CC9-4FB4-B3F8-38C5D46E8B9E" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1654761209437" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Smith, Robin James &amp; Chang, Cheon Young" docDate="2022" docId="03C687F9FB2BA8345D86FF5BFB809A81" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5150.4.4.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5150 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Vestalenula gravata Smith &amp; Chang 2022, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="539" masterDocId="FFFFFF81FB2CA83E5D11FFCCFFDF9F43" masterDocTitle="Two new species of non-marine Ostracoda (Crustacea) of the genera Vestalenula Rossetti &amp; Martens, 1998 (Darwinuloidea) and Microloxoconcha Hartmann, 1954 (Cytheroidea) from Tsushima, Japan, and a summary of the non-marine ostracod fauna of the island" masterLastPageNumber="555" masterPageNumber="529" pageNumber="536" updateTime="1699339248932" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
<mods:mods id="E3062D1C22C139FF70AF266674E11EA0" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:title id="74E761D74BC93906C9CE7E06E9C7D8C0">Two new species of non-marine Ostracoda (Crustacea) of the genera Vestalenula Rossetti &amp; Martens, 1998 (Darwinuloidea) and Microloxoconcha Hartmann, 1954 (Cytheroidea) from Tsushima, Japan, and a summary of the non-marine ostracod fauna of the island</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="484A6238C10676AAEC36202BCA247560" type="personal">
<mods:role id="4E8AB662E38596298A40903527102082">
<mods:roleTerm id="D801E8187E21DDD7EBC1D932C54FCAD4">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="EEC0E5E48DBAA61AAF7B125AF80FC9F7">Smith, Robin James</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="25E425DAA6667E63AF69404979BB19CB">Lake Biwa Museum, Oroshimo 1091, Kusatsu, Shiga Prefecture 525 - 0001, Japan</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="C99254E1E69F7D409638BC538E87525A" type="personal">
<mods:role id="FF3178E768DFBA6AEB84D3DDD41215F9">
<mods:roleTerm id="138E1D931C202500AED0D7035DE1E255">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="6B00BC5DAC1F4353F33FBAFC428EFE8C">Chang, Cheon Young</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="45BE1209AA73ECF55088C9F689FAB784" type="ORCID">0000-0001-5557-7120</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="D0F17D0679CBBAE567BA976780DC3B25">Department of Biological Science, College of Natural and Life Sciences, Daegu University, Gyeongsan, 38453, Korea cychang @ daegu. ac. kr; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 5557 - 7120</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="CB45D12394E0BD1C2CB89512D2692A25" type="email">cychang@daegu.ac.kr</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="59F44697AAF1FFCA1F88322C6D0B6786">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="5C3907488E1EEA8D2788CFDE2E7BE2EE">
<mods:title id="34655470F15C6BA8768EA40B349F1D7E">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="E348C6BE80358009FE35395C37CF3832">
<mods:date id="9E161ECA8C78A8E7A8495607E10675FD">2022</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="A5352D4BB114DE4E6A44C629ECE7F382" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="75FCBDD0BD462717723B74621D343C4A">2022-06-09</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="F5FE987E8CEF68F38DB8F563F5D8BAE7" type="volume">
<mods:number id="251F0C035201D828A9D8AF39B8BFFC62">5150</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="8A0ABA0E837DF9E91653623F87EEBE73" type="issue">
<mods:number id="BAAB91EA1E71DF83075DDEEF51876751">4</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="190C4ADC5698F6E2143DDE6B22996A5A">529</mods:start>
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<mods:classification id="D4A364942DA2FC1AC166B97197988A43">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="CC6F42647499B6691CDCF75339B128DA" type="CLB-Dataset">71412</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="752856A2521ACCE166725C08CDACF7DE" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5150.4.4</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="7D36C16CEA406BD8CFB35756CD75305D" type="GBIF-Dataset">b1562bea-da17-4130-a28f-bd6e1bb2a275</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="0AA9EEA92063D5812ABD2FFE6AF512C3" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="36D0F01F498DB1CF6357811BE91BA2B8" type="Zenodo-Dep">6626905</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03C687F9FB2BA8345D86FF5BFB809A81" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6638417" ID-GBIF-Taxon="195865091" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6638417" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C687F9FB2BA8345D86FF5BFB809A81" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C687F9FB2BA8345D86FF5BFB809A81" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="539" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">
<subSubSection id="C3756564FB2BA8395D86FF5BFE349FF1" box="[151,491,151,178]" pageId="7" pageNumber="536" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BD036EFFB2BA8395D86FF5BFE349FF1" blockId="7.[151,491,151,214]" box="[151,491,151,178]" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">
<heading id="D0988183FB2BA8395D86FF5BFE349FF1" bold="true" box="[151,491,151,178]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="536" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B91BEAFDFB2BA8395D86FF5BFE349FF1" bold="true" box="[151,491,151,178]" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D6CFB2BA8395D86FF5BFE599FF1" authority="Smith &amp; Chang, 2022" authorityName="Smith &amp; Chang" authorityYear="2022" box="[151,390,151,178]" class="Ostracoda" family="Darwinulidae" genus="Vestalenula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="7" pageNumber="536" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gravata" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B91BEAFDFB2BA8395D86FF5BFE599FF1" bold="true" box="[151,390,151,178]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">Vestalenula gravata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2285786FB2BA8395C9CFF54FE349FF1" box="[397,491,152,178]" pageId="7" pageNumber="536" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3756564FB2BA8395D86FF70FE9E9F95" box="[151,321,188,214]" pageId="7" pageNumber="536" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BD036EFFB2BA8395D86FF70FE9E9F95" blockId="7.[151,491,151,214]" box="[151,321,188,214]" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">
(
<figureCitation id="13542A6AFB2BA8395D8EFF70FEC19F95" box="[159,286,188,214]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1904,1928]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1879]" captionTargetId="figure-25@8.[151,1436,181,1880]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. A–H, Vestalenula gravata sp. nov. A, LV, ext. (LBM 1430009558). B, LV, int. (LBM 1430009558). C, RV, int. (LBM 1430009557).D, RV, oblique int.(LBM 1430009557).E, Cp, dor., anterior to right (LBM 1430009559). F, RV vent. (LBM 1430009557). G, Cp, vent., anterior to left (LBM 1430009559). H, adductor muscle scars, anterior to left (LBM 1430009557). I–K, Vestalenula sp. I, LV, ext. J, RV, int. K, RV, vent. Scale bar = 200 µm for A–G, I–K, 46 µm for H." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6626912" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6626912/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">Figs 3A–H</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13542A6AFB2BA8395C3BFF70FEE69F95" box="[298,313,188,214]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1891,1915]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,185,1867]" captionTargetId="figure-17@9.[151,1435,181,1867]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 4. Vestalenula gravata sp. nov. A, antennule (LBM 1430009556). B, antenna (LBM 1430009555). C, mandible (LBM 1430009555). D, fifth limb endopodite (LBM 1430009556). E, sixth limb (LBM 1430009555). F, seventh limb (LBM 1430009555). G, posterior of body (LBM 1430009560)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6626916" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6626916/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">4</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3756564FB2BA8395D86FEC8FEC89E01" pageId="7" pageNumber="536" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BD036EFFB2BA8395D86FEC8FEC89E01" blockId="7.[151,1437,260,2014]" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">
<emphasis id="B91BEAFDFB2BA8395D86FEC8FEC19E5D" bold="true" box="[151,286,260,286]" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">Etymology.</emphasis>
From the Latin
<emphasis id="B91BEAFDFB2BA8395CC3FEC8FDEB9E5E" box="[466,564,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">gravatus</emphasis>
, meaning loaded or weighed down, and referring to the large, long keel on the right valve.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3756564FB2BA8395DD6FE87FB849D7D" pageId="7" pageNumber="536" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BD036EFFB2BA8395DD6FE87FB849D7D" blockId="7.[151,1437,260,2014]" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">
<emphasis id="B91BEAFDFB2BA8395DD6FE87FE9D9E26" bold="true" box="[199,322,331,357]" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Small species of
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D6CFB2BA8395F01FE80FD4E9E25" authorityName="Rossetti &amp; Martens" authorityYear="1998" box="[528,657,332,358]" class="Ostracoda" family="Darwinulidae" genus="Vestalenula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="7" pageNumber="536" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91BEAFDFB2BA8395F01FE80FD4E9E25" box="[528,657,332,358]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">Vestalenula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(length ca. ≤
<quantity id="4C979B0AFB2BA8395E24FE80FC7F9E25" box="[821,928,332,358]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.1" pageId="7" pageNumber="536" unit="mm" value="0.41">0.41 mm</quantity>
), with six to eight adductor muscle scars on each valve. Keel (external ridge near postero-ventral margin) on right valve very long (39–45% of valve length) and well-developed. No pigmented eye. Antennule with one seta on third segment. Antenna with one sub-apical seta on first endopodal segment. Terminal antennal segment with short GM claw, about 45% length of Gm. Mandible with long z seta extending beyond distal end of terminal segment, setae w and x much shorter, less than 50% length of z, seta y very small, about 15% length of z. Caudal ramus consisting of sub-triangular base supporting one short claw. Body terminating with small, rounded end, but without post-abdomen. No dorsal seta.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3756564FB2BA8395DD6FD84FD469B85" pageId="7" pageNumber="536" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BD036EFFB2BA8395DD6FD84FC969DC5" blockId="7.[151,1437,260,2014]" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">
<emphasis id="B91BEAFDFB2BA8395DD6FD84FEB89D22" bold="true" box="[199,359,583,610]" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">Type locality.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B073CB2FB2BA8395C7EFD84FC9B9DC5" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3807253304" country="Japan" elevation="45" latitude="34.62168" location="Streams in Higashizato Kamiagata-machi Sago" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="129.37206" municipality="Tsushima" pageId="7" pageNumber="536" specimenCount="1">
<location id="8EB06034FB2BA8395C7EFD84FC579D21" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C687F9FB2BA8345D86FF5BFB809A81:8EB06034FB2BA8395C7EFD84FC579D21" box="[367,904,584,610]" country="Japan" latitude="34.62168" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="129.37206" municipality="Tsushima" name="Streams in Higashizato Kamiagata-machi Sago" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">Streams in Higashizato Kamiagata-machi Sago</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BB4AC95FB2BA8395E82FD84FBDE9D21" box="[915,1025,584,610]" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">Tsushima</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCountry id="F378767FFB2BA839591CFD84FB929D21" box="[1037,1101,584,610]" name="Japan" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">Japan</collectingCountry>
(
<geoCoordinate id="EE5B5028FB2BA839594CFD8BFB2F9D21" box="[1117,1264,583,610]" degrees="34.62168" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="536" precision="1" value="34.62168">34.62168º N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE5B5028FB2BA83959EDFD8BFA489D21" box="[1276,1431,583,610]" degrees="129.37206" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="536" precision="1" value="129.37206">129.37206º E</geoCoordinate>
, altitude
<quantity id="4C979B0AFB2BA8395DE3FDA7FEF39DC5" box="[242,300,619,646]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="7" pageNumber="536" unit="m" value="45.0">
<elevation id="0042D1DCFB2BA8395DE3FDA7FEF39DC5" box="[242,300,619,646]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="7" pageNumber="536" unit="m" value="45.0">45 m</elevation>
</quantity>
) (
<figureCitation id="13542A6AFB2BA8395C52FDA0FE559DC5" box="[323,394,620,646]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,250,1094,1118]" captionTargetBox="[172,1424,198,1050]" captionTargetId="figure-17@1.[153,1434,179,1068]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Location map of Tsushima and sampling localities." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6626907" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6626907/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">Figs 1</figureCitation>
(sample 190830-04), 2A &amp; B,
<tableCitation id="C6ED0354FB2BA8395FF7FDA0FCE79DC5" box="[742,824,620,646]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,239,151,175]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="TABLE 1. Species found on Tsushima during the study, including sample numbers, number of specimens (in parentheses), and known distributions. f = female, m = male. For some species, sex of specimens was not determined. Country and state codes: AU—Australia, CN—China, CO—Colombia, IN—India, JP—Japan, KR—Korea, LK—Sri Lanka, RU—Russia, TH—Thailand, TR—Turkey, TW—Taiwan, ZA—South Africa." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF106667FB2FA83D5D86FF5BFC9D9E58" pageId="7" pageNumber="536" tableUuid="DF106667FB2FA83D5D86FF5BFC9D9E58">Table 1</tableCitation>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD036EFFB2BA8395DD6FD5CFEAA9DEA" blockId="7.[151,1437,260,2014]" box="[199,373,655,682]" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">
<emphasis id="B91BEAFDFB2BA8395DD6FD5CFEAA9DEA" bold="true" box="[199,373,655,682]" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">Type material.</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD036EFFB2BA8395DD6FD78FAAB9C79" blockId="7.[151,1437,260,2014]" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">
<materialsCitation id="3B073CB2FB2BA8395DD6FD78FAAB9C79" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3807253301" collectingDate="2019-08-30" collectionCode="LBM" collectorName="Robin J. Smith &amp; Cheon Y. Chang &amp; Jimin Lee" country="Japan" elevation="45" latitude="34.62168" location="Higashizato Kamiagata-machi Sago" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="129.37206" municipality="Tsushima" pageId="7" pageNumber="536" specimenCode="LBM 1430009555" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Nagasaki" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B91BEAFDFB2BA8395DD6FD78FEE49D8D" bold="true" box="[199,315,692,718]" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">
<typeStatus id="54D4884DFB2BA8395DD6FD78FEE99D8D" box="[199,310,692,718]" pageId="7" pageNumber="536" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F378767FFB2BA8395C54FD78FE489D8D" box="[325,407,692,718]" name="Japan" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">JAPAN</collectingCountry>
—
<collectingRegion id="49ABF80DFB2BA8395CA3FD78FD4E9D8D" box="[434,657,692,718]" country="Japan" name="Nagasaki" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">Nagasaki Prefecture</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BB4AC95FB2BA8395F8EFD78FCD59D8D" box="[671,778,692,718]" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">Tsushima</collectingMunicipality>
•
<specimenCount id="9D69FD66FB2BA8395E36FD78FC8B9D8D" box="[807,852,692,718]" pageId="7" pageNumber="536" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
, with soft parts dissected in glycerine and sealed in a slide, valves stored dry in a micropalaeontological slide;
<location id="8EB06034FB2BA8395E4CFD14FB279DB1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C687F9FB2BA8345D86FF5BFB809A81:8EB06034FB2BA8395E4CFD14FB279DB1" box="[861,1272,728,754]" country="Japan" latitude="34.62168" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="129.37206" municipality="Tsushima" name="Higashizato Kamiagata-machi Sago" pageId="7" pageNumber="536" stateProvince="Nagasaki">Higashizato Kamiagata-machi Sago</location>
;
<geoCoordinate id="EE5B5028FB2BA8395817FD1BFA479DB1" box="[1286,1432,727,754]" degrees="34.62168" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="536" precision="1" value="34.62168">34.62168º N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE5B5028FB2BA8395D86FD37FEEE9C55" box="[151,305,763,790]" degrees="129.37206" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="536" precision="1" value="129.37206">129.37206º E</geoCoordinate>
; alt.
<quantity id="4C979B0AFB2BA8395C77FD37FE7E9C55" box="[358,417,763,790]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="7" pageNumber="536" unit="m" value="45.0">
<elevation id="0042D1DCFB2BA8395C77FD37FE7E9C55" box="[358,417,763,790]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="7" pageNumber="536" unit="m" value="45.0">45 m</elevation>
</quantity>
;
<date id="FFD1102FFB2BA8395CBDFD30FD9A9C55" box="[428,581,764,790]" pageId="7" pageNumber="536" value="2019-08-30">
<collectingDate id="EF95E9C7FB2BA8395CBDFD30FD9A9C55" box="[428,581,764,790]" pageId="7" pageNumber="536" value="2019-08-30">30 Aug. 2019</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="269A5339FB2BA8395F41FD30FD269C55" box="[592,761,764,790]" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">Robin J. Smith</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="269A5339FB2BA8395E15FD30FC639C55" box="[772,956,764,790]" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">Cheon Y. Chang</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="269A5339FB2BA8395ED7FD30FBEA9C55" box="[966,1077,764,790]" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">Jimin Lee</collectorName>
leg.; small stream in steep gully in forest, substate of poorly sorted mud, sand, pebbles, organic detritus; sample 190830-04,
<specimenCode id="DBC99E94FB2BA839598DFCECFAAF9C79" box="[1180,1392,799,826]" collectionCode="LBM" country="Japan" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/pcbg-hhf5" name="Lake Biwa Museum" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">LBM 1430009555</specimenCode>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD036EFFB2BA8395DD6FC88FE219CAD" blockId="7.[151,1437,260,2014]" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">
<materialsCitation id="3B073CB2FB2BA8395DD6FC88FCD79C1D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3807253310" box="[199,776,836,862]" country="Japan" location="Tsushima" pageId="7" pageNumber="536" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Nagasaki" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="B91BEAFDFB2BA8395DD6FC88FE999C1D" bold="true" box="[199,326,836,862]" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">
<typeStatus id="54D4884DFB2BA8395DD6FC88FE9E9C1D" box="[199,321,836,862]" pageId="7" pageNumber="536" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F378767FFB2BA8395C5DFC88FE419C1D" box="[332,414,836,862]" name="Japan" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">JAPAN</collectingCountry>
—
<collectingRegion id="49ABF80DFB2BA8395CA9FC88FD4C9C1D" box="[440,659,836,862]" country="Japan" name="Nagasaki" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">Nagasaki Prefecture</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="8EB06034FB2BA8395F8CFC88FCD79C1D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C687F9FB2BA8345D86FF5BFB809A81:8EB06034FB2BA8395F8CFC88FCD79C1D" box="[669,776,836,862]" country="Japan" name="Tsushima" pageId="7" pageNumber="536" stateProvince="Nagasaki">Tsushima</location>
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•
<materialsCitation id="3B073CB2FB2BA8395E0CFC88FE1E9CE5" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3807253303" collectingDate="2019-08-30" collectionCode="LBM" collectorName="Robin J. Smith &amp; Cheon Y. Chang &amp; Jimin Lee" country="Japan" elevation="45" latitude="34.62168" location="Higashizato Kamiagata-machi Sago" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="129.37206" municipality="Tsushima" pageId="7" pageNumber="536" specimenCode="LBM 1430009556, 1430009558, 1430009560" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="3" stateProvince="Nagasaki Prefecture" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="9D69FD66FB2BA8395E0CFC88FC849C1D" box="[797,859,836,862]" pageId="7" pageNumber="536" type="female">3 ♀♀</specimenCount>
, with soft parts dissected in glycerine and sealed in a glass slide, valves stored dry in a micropalaeontological slide; same collecting data as holotype;
<specimenCode id="DBC99E94FB2BA83959D6FCA4FA4A9CC1" box="[1223,1429,871,898]" collectionCode="LBM" country="Japan" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/pcbg-hhf5" name="Lake Biwa Museum" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">LBM 1430009556</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCode id="DBC99E94FB2BA8395D86FC47FEF99CE5" box="[151,294,907,934]" collectionCode="LBM" country="Japan" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/pcbg-hhf5" name="Lake Biwa Museum" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">1430009558</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCode id="DBC99E94FB2BA8395C20FC47FE1E9CE5" box="[305,449,907,934]" collectionCode="LBM" country="Japan" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/pcbg-hhf5" name="Lake Biwa Museum" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">1430009560</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
. •
<materialsCitation id="3B073CB2FB2BA8395CCAFC40FE279C89" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3807253308" collectingDate="2019-08-30" collectionCode="LBM" collectorName="Robin J. Smith &amp; Cheon Y. Chang &amp; Jimin Lee" country="Japan" elevation="45" latitude="34.62168" location="Higashizato Kamiagata-machi Sago" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="129.37206" municipality="Tsushima" pageId="7" pageNumber="536" specimenCode="LBM 1430009559" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Nagasaki Prefecture" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="9D69FD66FB2BA8395CCAFC40FDDA9CE5" box="[475,517,908,934]" pageId="7" pageNumber="536" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
, whole carapace, stored dry in a micropalaeontological slide; same collecting data as holotype;
<specimenCode id="DBC99E94FB2BA8395C34FC7CFE279C89" box="[293,504,943,970]" collectionCode="LBM" country="Japan" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/pcbg-hhf5" name="Lake Biwa Museum" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">LBM 1430009559</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
. •
<materialsCitation id="3B073CB2FB2BA8395F03FC7CFE259CAD" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3807253307" collectingDate="2019-08-30" collectionCode="LBM" collectorName="Robin J. Smith &amp; Cheon Y. Chang &amp; Jimin Lee" country="Japan" elevation="45" latitude="34.62168" location="Higashizato Kamiagata-machi Sago" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="129.37206" municipality="Tsushima" pageId="7" pageNumber="536" specimenCode="LBM 1430009557" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Nagasaki Prefecture" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="9D69FD66FB2BA8395F03FC7CFDE39C89" box="[530,572,944,970]" pageId="7" pageNumber="536" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
, right valve, stored dry in a micropalaeontological slide; same collecting data as holotype;
<specimenCode id="DBC99E94FB2BA8395C37FC18FE259CAD" box="[294,506,979,1006]" collectionCode="LBM" country="Japan" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/pcbg-hhf5" name="Lake Biwa Museum" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">LBM 1430009557</specimenCode>
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.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD036EFFB2BA8395DD6FC3BFD469B85" blockId="7.[151,1437,260,2014]" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">
<materialsCitation id="3B073CB2FB2BA8395DD6FC3BFE8C9B75" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3807253312" collectingDate="2019-08-31" collectionCode="LBM" collectorName="Robin J. Smith &amp; Cheon Y. Chang &amp; Jimin Lee" country="Japan" elevation="58" latitude="34.26246" location="Mitsushima-machi Sumo" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="129.26263" municipality="Tsushima" pageId="7" pageNumber="536" specimenCount="6" specimenCount-female="6" stateProvince="Nagasaki">
<emphasis id="B91BEAFDFB2BA8395DD6FC3BFE5C9B52" bold="true" box="[199,387,1015,1041]" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">Other material.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F378767FFB2BA8395C9DFC34FE019B51" box="[396,478,1016,1042]" name="Japan" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">JAPAN</collectingCountry>
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<collectingRegion id="49ABF80DFB2BA8395CE8FC34FD089B51" box="[505,727,1016,1042]" country="Japan" name="Nagasaki" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">Nagasaki Prefecture</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BB4AC95FB2BA8395FF5FC34FC909B51" box="[740,847,1016,1042]" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">Tsushima</collectingMunicipality>
•
<specimenCount id="9D69FD66FB2BA8395E7AFC34FC729B51" box="[875,941,1016,1042]" pageId="7" pageNumber="536" type="female">4 ♀♀</specimenCount>
, preserved in 70% EtOH; same collecting data as holotype.
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B073CB2FB2BA8395C49FBD0FCD39B19" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3807253313" collectingDate="2019-08-31" collectionCode="LBM" collectorName="Robin J. Smith &amp; Cheon Y. Chang &amp; Jimin Lee" country="Japan" elevation="58" latitude="34.26246" location="Mitsushima-machi Sumo" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="129.26263" municipality="Tsushima" pageId="7" pageNumber="536" specimenCount="6" specimenCount-female="6" stateProvince="Nagasaki" typeStatus="holotype">
•
<specimenCount id="9D69FD66FB2BA8395C79FBD0FE4E9B75" box="[360,401,1052,1078]" pageId="7" pageNumber="536" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
, with soft parts dissected in glycerine and sealed in a glass slide, valves stored dry in a micropalaeontological slide; same collecting data as
<typeStatus id="54D4884DFB2BA8395FB3FB8CFCD79B19" box="[674,776,1088,1114]" pageId="7" pageNumber="536" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
.
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<materialsCitation id="3B073CB2FB2BA8395E03FB8CFD4A9B85" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3807253314" collectingDate="2019-08-31" collectionCode="LBM" collectorName="Robin J. Smith &amp; Cheon Y. Chang &amp; Jimin Lee" country="Japan" elevation="58" latitude="34.26246" location="Mitsushima-machi Sumo" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="129.26263" municipality="Tsushima" pageId="7" pageNumber="536" specimenCount="6" specimenCount-female="6" stateProvince="Nagasaki">
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<specimenCount id="9D69FD66FB2BA8395E33FB8CFC939B19" box="[802,844,1088,1114]" pageId="7" pageNumber="536" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
, with soft parts dissected in glycerine and sealed in a glass slide, valves stored dry in a micropalaeontological slide;
<location id="8EB06034FB2BA8395E46FBA8FBA99B3D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C687F9FB2BA8345D86FF5BFB809A81:8EB06034FB2BA8395E46FBA8FBA99B3D" box="[855,1142,1124,1150]" country="Japan" latitude="34.26246" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="129.26263" municipality="Tsushima" name="Mitsushima-machi Sumo" pageId="7" pageNumber="536" stateProvince="Nagasaki">Mitsushima-machi Sumo</location>
;
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; alt.
<quantity id="4C979B0AFB2BA8395DF4FB4BFEFC9BE1" box="[229,291,1159,1186]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.8" pageId="7" pageNumber="536" unit="m" value="58.0">
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;
<date id="FFD1102FFB2BA8395C20FB44FE109BE1" box="[305,463,1160,1186]" pageId="7" pageNumber="536" value="2019-08-31">
<collectingDate id="EF95E9C7FB2BA8395C20FB44FE109BE1" box="[305,463,1160,1186]" pageId="7" pageNumber="536" value="2019-08-31">31 Aug. 2019</collectingDate>
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;
<collectorName id="269A5339FB2BA8395CCCFB44FD539BE1" box="[477,652,1160,1186]" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">Robin J. Smith</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="269A5339FB2BA8395F88FB44FC899BE1" box="[665,854,1160,1186]" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">Cheon Y. Chang</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="269A5339FB2BA8395E72FB44FC0A9BE1" box="[867,981,1160,1186]" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">Jimin Lee</collectorName>
leg.; stream in forest, cobbles, pebbles, gravel, interstitial sample; sample 190831-01
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3756564FB2BA8345DD6FB03FE5C9EB6" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="539" pageId="7" pageNumber="536" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BD036EFFB2BA8395DD6FB03FBF99AA5" blockId="7.[151,1437,260,2014]" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">
<emphasis id="B91BEAFDFB2BA8395DD6FB03FE869BAA" bold="true" box="[199,345,1231,1257]" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">Description.</emphasis>
Carapace length 377–389 µm, height 176–184 µm, height/length = 0.47–0.48 (n=4). Left valve overlaps right ventrally (
<figureCitation id="13542A6AFB2BA8395CBAFB38FDDB9A4D" box="[427,516,1268,1294]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1904,1928]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1879]" captionTargetId="figure-25@8.[151,1436,181,1880]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. A–H, Vestalenula gravata sp. nov. A, LV, ext. (LBM 1430009558). B, LV, int. (LBM 1430009558). C, RV, int. (LBM 1430009557).D, RV, oblique int.(LBM 1430009557).E, Cp, dor., anterior to right (LBM 1430009559). F, RV vent. (LBM 1430009557). G, Cp, vent., anterior to left (LBM 1430009559). H, adductor muscle scars, anterior to left (LBM 1430009557). I–K, Vestalenula sp. I, LV, ext. J, RV, int. K, RV, vent. Scale bar = 200 µm for A–G, I–K, 46 µm for H." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6626912" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6626912/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">Fig. 3G</figureCitation>
). Lateral view of carapace with dorsal and ventral margins both straight and parallel, anterior and posterior margins equally rounded, but maximum curvature of anterior margin lower than that of posterior margin (
<figureCitation id="13542A6AFB2BA8395C4EFAF0FE669A15" box="[351,441,1340,1366]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1904,1928]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1879]" captionTargetId="figure-25@8.[151,1436,181,1880]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. A–H, Vestalenula gravata sp. nov. A, LV, ext. (LBM 1430009558). B, LV, int. (LBM 1430009558). C, RV, int. (LBM 1430009557).D, RV, oblique int.(LBM 1430009557).E, Cp, dor., anterior to right (LBM 1430009559). F, RV vent. (LBM 1430009557). G, Cp, vent., anterior to left (LBM 1430009559). H, adductor muscle scars, anterior to left (LBM 1430009557). I–K, Vestalenula sp. I, LV, ext. J, RV, int. K, RV, vent. Scale bar = 200 µm for A–G, I–K, 46 µm for H." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6626912" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6626912/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
). Dorsal view with relatively blunt anterior end, slightly more angular than posterior end, sides almost straight to slightly concave (
<figureCitation id="13542A6AFB2BA8395F75FAACFD649A39" box="[612,699,1376,1402]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1904,1928]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1879]" captionTargetId="figure-25@8.[151,1436,181,1880]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. A–H, Vestalenula gravata sp. nov. A, LV, ext. (LBM 1430009558). B, LV, int. (LBM 1430009558). C, RV, int. (LBM 1430009557).D, RV, oblique int.(LBM 1430009557).E, Cp, dor., anterior to right (LBM 1430009559). F, RV vent. (LBM 1430009557). G, Cp, vent., anterior to left (LBM 1430009559). H, adductor muscle scars, anterior to left (LBM 1430009557). I–K, Vestalenula sp. I, LV, ext. J, RV, int. K, RV, vent. Scale bar = 200 µm for A–G, I–K, 46 µm for H." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6626912" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6626912/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">Fig. 3E</figureCitation>
). Adductor muscle scars with six to eight scars arranged in rosette (
<figureCitation id="13542A6AFB2BA8395DB1FA48FF259ADD" box="[160,250,1412,1438]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1904,1928]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1879]" captionTargetId="figure-25@8.[151,1436,181,1880]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. A–H, Vestalenula gravata sp. nov. A, LV, ext. (LBM 1430009558). B, LV, int. (LBM 1430009558). C, RV, int. (LBM 1430009557).D, RV, oblique int.(LBM 1430009557).E, Cp, dor., anterior to right (LBM 1430009559). F, RV vent. (LBM 1430009557). G, Cp, vent., anterior to left (LBM 1430009559). H, adductor muscle scars, anterior to left (LBM 1430009557). I–K, Vestalenula sp. I, LV, ext. J, RV, int. K, RV, vent. Scale bar = 200 µm for A–G, I–K, 46 µm for H." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6626912" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6626912/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">Fig. 3H</figureCitation>
). Right valve with large and well-developed keel near postero-ventral margin, length about 45% of length of valve (
<figureCitation id="13542A6AFB2BA8395C12FA64FE089A81" box="[259,471,1448,1474]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1904,1928]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1879]" captionTargetId="figure-25@8.[151,1436,181,1880]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. A–H, Vestalenula gravata sp. nov. A, LV, ext. (LBM 1430009558). B, LV, int. (LBM 1430009558). C, RV, int. (LBM 1430009557).D, RV, oblique int.(LBM 1430009557).E, Cp, dor., anterior to right (LBM 1430009559). F, RV vent. (LBM 1430009557). G, Cp, vent., anterior to left (LBM 1430009559). H, adductor muscle scars, anterior to left (LBM 1430009557). I–K, Vestalenula sp. I, LV, ext. J, RV, int. K, RV, vent. Scale bar = 200 µm for A–G, I–K, 46 µm for H." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6626912" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6626912/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">Fig. 3C, D, F &amp; G</figureCitation>
). Left valve with antero-ventral internal tooth (
<figureCitation id="13542A6AFB2BA8395EFAFA64FB9C9A81" box="[1003,1091,1448,1474]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1904,1928]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1879]" captionTargetId="figure-25@8.[151,1436,181,1880]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. A–H, Vestalenula gravata sp. nov. A, LV, ext. (LBM 1430009558). B, LV, int. (LBM 1430009558). C, RV, int. (LBM 1430009557).D, RV, oblique int.(LBM 1430009557).E, Cp, dor., anterior to right (LBM 1430009559). F, RV vent. (LBM 1430009557). G, Cp, vent., anterior to left (LBM 1430009559). H, adductor muscle scars, anterior to left (LBM 1430009557). I–K, Vestalenula sp. I, LV, ext. J, RV, int. K, RV, vent. Scale bar = 200 µm for A–G, I–K, 46 µm for H." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6626912" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6626912/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">Fig. 3B</figureCitation>
). Surface of valves smooth. In transmitted light microscopy with granular appearance. Colour translucent white.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD036EFFB2BA8395DD6FA3CFE439949" blockId="7.[151,1437,260,2014]" box="[199,412,1520,1546]" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">No pigmented eye.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD036EFFB2BA8395DD6F9D8FDE799FD" blockId="7.[151,1437,260,2014]" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">
Antennule with six segments (
<figureCitation id="13542A6AFB2BA8395F0EF9D8FDA4996D" box="[543,635,1556,1582]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1891,1915]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,185,1867]" captionTargetId="figure-17@9.[151,1435,181,1867]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 4. Vestalenula gravata sp. nov. A, antennule (LBM 1430009556). B, antenna (LBM 1430009555). C, mandible (LBM 1430009555). D, fifth limb endopodite (LBM 1430009556). E, sixth limb (LBM 1430009555). F, seventh limb (LBM 1430009555). G, posterior of body (LBM 1430009560)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6626916" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6626916/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">Fig. 4A</figureCitation>
). First segment with short, subapical-dorsal seta. Second segment with one long and one medium-length subapical-ventral setae. Third segment with apical-ventral seta. Fourth segment with short apical-ventral seta and tiny subapical seta. Fifth segment with two medium-length, stout apical-ventral setae, two longer apical-dorsal setae, and tiny subapical seta. Terminal segment with one long, one medium-length and one tiny setae, and aesthetasc ya.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD036EFFB2BA8395DD6F904FA459869" blockId="7.[151,1437,260,2014]" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">
Antenna with small hook h on first segment (
<figureCitation id="13542A6AFB2BA8395FC0F904FCF499A1" box="[721,811,1736,1762]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1891,1915]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,185,1867]" captionTargetId="figure-17@9.[151,1435,181,1867]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 4. Vestalenula gravata sp. nov. A, antennule (LBM 1430009556). B, antenna (LBM 1430009555). C, mandible (LBM 1430009555). D, fifth limb endopodite (LBM 1430009556). E, sixth limb (LBM 1430009555). F, seventh limb (LBM 1430009555). G, posterior of body (LBM 1430009560)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6626916" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6626916/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">Fig. 4B</figureCitation>
). Third segment with one robust seta on apical-ventral corner. Fourth segment with short z1 claw, approximately 50% as long as G2 and G3 claw. Claw G1 and seta z2 both very short, approximately half length of claw z1. Terminal segment with short GM claw, about 45% length of Gm.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD036EFFB2BA8395DD6F8F8FEAC98D5" blockId="7.[151,1437,260,2014]" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">
Mandible with long z seta extending beyond distal end of terminal segment, setae w and x much shorter, less than 50% length of z. Seta y, very small, about 15% length of z (
<figureCitation id="13542A6AFB2BA8395E6DF894FC089831" box="[892,983,1880,1906]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1891,1915]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,185,1867]" captionTargetId="figure-17@9.[151,1435,181,1867]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 4. Vestalenula gravata sp. nov. A, antennule (LBM 1430009556). B, antenna (LBM 1430009555). C, mandible (LBM 1430009555). D, fifth limb endopodite (LBM 1430009556). E, sixth limb (LBM 1430009555). F, seventh limb (LBM 1430009555). G, posterior of body (LBM 1430009560)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6626916" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6626916/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">Fig. 4C</figureCitation>
). Terminal segment of palp with short c seta and five claws.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD036EFFB2BA8395DD6F86CFAFC989D" blockId="7.[151,1437,260,2014]" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">
Fifth limb endopodite leg-like, with three segments (
<figureCitation id="13542A6AFB2BA8395E08F86CFCAB98F9" box="[793,884,1952,1978]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1891,1915]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,185,1867]" captionTargetId="figure-17@9.[151,1435,181,1867]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 4. Vestalenula gravata sp. nov. A, antennule (LBM 1430009556). B, antenna (LBM 1430009555). C, mandible (LBM 1430009555). D, fifth limb endopodite (LBM 1430009556). E, sixth limb (LBM 1430009555). F, seventh limb (LBM 1430009555). G, posterior of body (LBM 1430009560)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6626916" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6626916/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="536">Fig. 4D</figureCitation>
). First segment with two subapical setae. Second segment with one apical seta. Terminal segment with one subapical seta, one apical seta and small claw.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF106667FB24A8365D86F8BCFB7A98B7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6626912" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6626912" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6626912/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="537" startId="8.[151,250,1904,1928]" targetBox="[151,1435,181,1879]" targetPageId="8">
<paragraph id="8BD036EFFB24A8365D86F8BCFB7A98B7" blockId="8.[151,1437,1904,2037]" pageId="8" pageNumber="537">
<emphasis id="B91BEAFDFB24A8365D86F8BCFECA98CB" bold="true" box="[151,277,1904,1928]" pageId="8" pageNumber="537">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
A–H,
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D6CFB24A8365C4AF8BCFDF898CB" authority="Smith &amp; Chang, 2022" authorityName="Smith &amp; Chang" authorityYear="2022" box="[347,551,1904,1928]" class="Ostracoda" family="Darwinulidae" genus="Vestalenula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="8" pageNumber="537" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gravata" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B91BEAFDFB24A8365C4AF8BCFDF898CB" box="[347,551,1904,1928]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="537">Vestalenula gravata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B91BEAFDFB24A8365F3EF8BCFD5D98CB" bold="true" box="[559,642,1904,1928]" pageId="8" pageNumber="537">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2285786FB24A8365F3EF8BCFD5D98CB" box="[559,642,1904,1928]" pageId="8" pageNumber="537" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
A, LV, ext. (LBM 1430009558). B, LV, int. (LBM 1430009558). C, RV, int. (LBM 1430009557). D, RV, oblique int. (LBM 1430009557). E, Cp, dor., anterior to right (LBM 1430009559). F, RV vent. (LBM 1430009557). G, Cp, vent., anterior to left (LBM 1430009559). H, adductor muscle scars, anterior to left (LBM 1430009557). I–K,
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D6CFB24A8365DDAF810FEAB98B7" box="[203,372,2012,2036]" class="Ostracoda" family="Darwinulidae" genus="Vestalenula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="8" pageNumber="537" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undefined-i">
<emphasis id="B91BEAFDFB24A8365DDAF810FE9F98B7" box="[203,320,2012,2036]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="537">Vestalenula</emphasis>
sp. I
</taxonomicName>
, LV, ext. J, RV, int. K, RV, vent. Scale bar = 200 µm for A–G, I–K, 46 µm for H.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF106667FB25A8375D86F8AFFD0C9880" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6626916" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6626916" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6626916/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="538" startId="9.[151,250,1891,1915]" targetBox="[151,1435,185,1867]" targetPageId="9">
<paragraph id="8BD036EFFB25A8375D86F8AFFD0C9880" blockId="9.[151,1436,1891,1988]" pageId="9" pageNumber="538">
<emphasis id="B91BEAFDFB25A8375D86F8AFFEC99838" bold="true" box="[151,278,1891,1915]" pageId="9" pageNumber="538">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D6CFB25A8375C31F8AFFE319838" authority="Smith &amp; Chang, 2022" authorityName="Smith &amp; Chang" authorityYear="2022" box="[288,494,1891,1915]" class="Ostracoda" family="Darwinulidae" genus="Vestalenula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="9" pageNumber="538" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gravata" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B91BEAFDFB25A8375C31F8AFFE319838" box="[288,494,1891,1915]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="538">Vestalenula gravata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B91BEAFDFB25A8375CE6F8A8FD94983F" bold="true" box="[503,587,1892,1916]" pageId="9" pageNumber="538">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2285786FB25A8375CE6F8A8FD94983F" box="[503,587,1892,1916]" pageId="9" pageNumber="538" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
A, antennule (LBM 1430009556). B, antenna (LBM 1430009555). C, mandible (LBM 1430009555). D, fifth limb endopodite (LBM 1430009556). E, sixth limb (LBM 1430009555). F, seventh limb (LBM 1430009555). G, posterior of body (LBM 1430009560).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BD036EFFB26A8345DD6FF5BFA4A9FBA" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,1474]" pageId="10" pageNumber="539">
Sixth limb five-segmented with very short d1 seta and two d2 setae on first segment (
<figureCitation id="13542A6AFB26A834596DFF5BFB0C9FF2" box="[1148,1235,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1891,1915]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,185,1867]" captionTargetId="figure-17@9.[151,1435,181,1867]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 4. Vestalenula gravata sp. nov. A, antennule (LBM 1430009556). B, antenna (LBM 1430009555). C, mandible (LBM 1430009555). D, fifth limb endopodite (LBM 1430009556). E, sixth limb (LBM 1430009555). F, seventh limb (LBM 1430009555). G, posterior of body (LBM 1430009560)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6626916" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6626916/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="539">Fig. 4E</figureCitation>
). Second segment with two e setae and long pd seta, latter extending to about end of third segment. Third segment with robust f seta. Fourth segment with short, but robust g seta. Terminal segment with robust h1 seta and h2 claw, and short h3 seta.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD036EFFB26A8345DD6FECFFB819ECA" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,1474]" pageId="10" pageNumber="539">
Seventh limb five-segmented with two d2 setae on first segment (
<figureCitation id="13542A6AFB26A8345E8BFECFFC309E5E" box="[922,1007,259,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1891,1915]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,185,1867]" captionTargetId="figure-17@9.[151,1435,181,1867]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 4. Vestalenula gravata sp. nov. A, antennule (LBM 1430009556). B, antenna (LBM 1430009555). C, mandible (LBM 1430009555). D, fifth limb endopodite (LBM 1430009556). E, sixth limb (LBM 1430009555). F, seventh limb (LBM 1430009555). G, posterior of body (LBM 1430009560)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6626916" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6626916/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="539">Fig. 4F</figureCitation>
). Second segment with medium length e seta. Third segment with long f seta, extending beyond end of fourth segment. Fourth segment with well-developed g seta. Terminal segment supporting very elongate claw h2 (approximately twice as long as claw of sixth limb), short but robust h1 seta, and very long h1 seta, approximately 40% as long as h2 claw.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD036EFFB26A8345DD6FE5FFC889E92" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,1474]" pageId="10" pageNumber="539">
Caudal ramus consisting of sub-triangular base supporting one short claw (
<figureCitation id="13542A6AFB26A8345936FE5FFB5B9EEE" box="[1063,1156,403,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1891,1915]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,185,1867]" captionTargetId="figure-17@9.[151,1435,181,1867]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 4. Vestalenula gravata sp. nov. A, antennule (LBM 1430009556). B, antenna (LBM 1430009555). C, mandible (LBM 1430009555). D, fifth limb endopodite (LBM 1430009556). E, sixth limb (LBM 1430009555). F, seventh limb (LBM 1430009555). G, posterior of body (LBM 1430009560)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6626916" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6626916/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="539">Fig. 4G</figureCitation>
). Body terminating with small, rounded end, but without post-abdomen. No dorsal seta.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD036EFFB26A8345DD6FE17FE5C9EB6" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,1474]" box="[199,387,475,501]" pageId="10" pageNumber="539">Males unknown.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3756564FB26A8345DD6FE33FECC9B1A" pageId="10" pageNumber="539" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BD036EFFB26A8345DD6FE33FEA89C56" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,1474]" pageId="10" pageNumber="539">
<emphasis id="B91BEAFDFB26A8345DD6FE33FEE49D5A" bold="true" box="[199,315,511,537]" pageId="10" pageNumber="539">Remarks.</emphasis>
The long keel (an external ridge near the postero-ventral margin on the right valve) indicates that this species belongs to the
<emphasis id="B91BEAFDFB26A8345C89FDEFFDC79D7E" box="[408,536,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="539">danielopoli</emphasis>
-group of
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D6CFB26A8345F9BFDEFFCD49D7E" authorityName="Rossetti &amp; Martens" authorityYear="1998" box="[650,779,547,573]" class="Ostracoda" family="Darwinulidae" genus="Vestalenula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="10" pageNumber="539" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91BEAFDFB26A8345F9BFDEFFCD49D7E" box="[650,779,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="539">Vestalenula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(species with a short keel belong to the
<emphasis id="B91BEAFDFB26A83459C9FDEFFAC19D7E" box="[1240,1310,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="539">boteai</emphasis>
-group; see
<bibRefCitation id="EFFE4B1EFB26A8345D86FD8BFE6E9D22" author="Rossetti, G. &amp; Martens, K." box="[151,433,583,609]" pageId="10" pageNumber="539" pagination="55 - 110" refId="ref15089" refString="Rossetti, G. &amp; Martens, K. (1998) Taxonomic revision of the Recent and Holocene representatives of the Family Darwinulidae (Crustacea, Ostracoda), with a description of three new genera. Bulletin de l'Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique, Biologie, 68, 55 - 110." type="journal article" year="1998">Rossetti &amp; Martens 1998</bibRefCitation>
), which consists of seven previously described species (
<tableCitation id="C6ED0354FB26A8345931FD8BFBA89D22" box="[1056,1143,583,609]" captionStart="TABLE 3" captionStartId="18.[151,239,296,320]" captionTargetId="figure-104@18.[151,1437,416,1745]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="TABLE 3. Characters and locations of Vestalenula species. Country codes: AU—Australia, BR—Brazil, CD—D.R. Congo, CI—Côte d’Ivoire, DE—Germany, FR—France, JP—Japan, KE—Kenya, KR—South Korea, LK—Sri Lanka, NA—Namibia, NC—New Caledonia, RO—Romania, SB—Solomon Islands, TH—Thailand, ZA—South Africa." pageId="10" pageNumber="539">Table 3</tableCitation>
). The length of the keel of
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D6CFB26A8345D86FDA7FEAA9DC7" authority="Smith &amp; Chang, 2022" authorityName="Smith &amp; Chang" authorityYear="2022" box="[151,373,619,645]" class="Ostracoda" family="Darwinulidae" genus="Vestalenula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="10" pageNumber="539" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gravata" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B91BEAFDFB26A8345D86FDA7FEAA9DC7" box="[151,373,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="539">Vestalenula gravata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B91BEAFDFB26A8345C6DFDA7FE0B9DC6" bold="true" box="[380,468,619,645]" pageId="10" pageNumber="539">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2285786FB26A8345C6DFDA7FE0B9DC6" box="[380,468,619,645]" pageId="10" pageNumber="539" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, at 39–45% the length of the right valve, is proportionally much longer than most other species of the group. In this respect, the Brazilian
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D6CFB26A8345FDCFD43FB4C9DEA" authority="(Pinto et al., 2013)" baseAuthorityName="Pinto" baseAuthorityYear="2013" box="[717,1171,655,681]" class="Ostracoda" family="Darwinulidae" genus="Vestalenula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="10" pageNumber="539" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carinata">
<emphasis id="B91BEAFDFB26A8345FDCFD43FC6A9DEB" box="[717,949,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="539">Vestalenula carinata</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFFE4B1EFB26A8345ED5FD43FB539DEA" author="Pinto, R. L. &amp; Rocha, C. E. F. &amp; Rossetti, G. &amp; Martens, K." box="[964,1164,655,681]" pageId="10" pageNumber="539" pagination="62 - 72" refId="ref14927" refString="Pinto, R. L., Rocha, C. E. F., Rossetti, G. &amp; Martens, K. (2013) Contribution to the knowledge of the genus Vestalenula Rossetti &amp; Martens, 1998 (Crustacea, Ostracoda, Darwinulidae), with the description of a new species, V. carinata sp. nov., from the island of Florianopolis, Brazil. Zootaxa, 3666 (1), 62 - 72. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3666.1.6" type="journal article" year="2013">
Pinto
<emphasis id="B91BEAFDFB26A8345919FD43FB9E9DEA" box="[1032,1089,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="539">et al.</emphasis>
, 2013
</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, with a keel about 40% the length of the right valve, is the most similar to
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D6CFB26A8345FCBFD7FFC649D8F" authority="Smith &amp; Chang, 2022" authorityName="Smith &amp; Chang" authorityYear="2022" box="[730,955,691,717]" class="Ostracoda" family="Darwinulidae" genus="Vestalenula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="10" pageNumber="539" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gravata" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B91BEAFDFB26A8345FCBFD7FFC649D8F" box="[730,955,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="539">Vestalenula gravata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B91BEAFDFB26A8345ED2FD7FFBC19D8E" bold="true" box="[963,1054,691,717]" pageId="10" pageNumber="539">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2285786FB26A8345ED2FD7FFBC19D8E" box="[963,1054,691,717]" pageId="10" pageNumber="539" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, but
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D6CFB26A8345948FD7FFAE69D8F" authority="Smith &amp; Chang, 2022" authorityName="Smith &amp; Chang" authorityYear="2022" box="[1113,1337,691,717]" class="Ostracoda" family="Darwinulidae" genus="Vestalenula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="10" pageNumber="539" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gravata" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B91BEAFDFB26A8345948FD7FFAE69D8F" box="[1113,1337,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="539">Vestalenula gravata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B91BEAFDFB26A8345853FD7FFA439D8E" bold="true" box="[1346,1436,691,717]" pageId="10" pageNumber="539">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2285786FB26A8345853FD7FFA439D8E" box="[1346,1436,691,717]" pageId="10" pageNumber="539" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
is smooth, while
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D6CFB26A8345C47FD1BFE0E9DB3" box="[342,465,727,752]" class="Ostracoda" family="Darwinulidae" genus="Vestalenula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="10" pageNumber="539" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carinata">
<emphasis id="B91BEAFDFB26A8345C47FD1BFE0E9DB3" box="[342,465,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="539">V. carinata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a lightly pitted carapace, and
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D6CFB26A8345E5CFD1BFC189DB3" box="[845,967,727,752]" class="Ostracoda" family="Darwinulidae" genus="Vestalenula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="10" pageNumber="539" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carinata">
<emphasis id="B91BEAFDFB26A8345E5CFD1BFC189DB3" box="[845,967,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="539">V. carinata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is slightly more elongate (height/length = 0.45 vs. 0.47–0.48).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD036EFFB26A8345DD6FCD3FECC9B1A" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,1474]" pageId="10" pageNumber="539">
No pigmented eye was observed in any of the specimens, while most other
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D6CFB26A8345900FCD3FB359C7A" box="[1041,1258,799,825]" pageId="10" pageNumber="539">
<emphasis id="B91BEAFDFB26A8345900FCD3FB4D9C7A" box="[1041,1170,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="539">Vestalenula</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
found in
<collectingCountry id="F378767FFB26A8345844FCD3FA479C7A" box="[1365,1432,799,825]" name="Japan" pageId="10" pageNumber="539">Japan</collectingCountry>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D6CFB26A8345D86FC8FFD8B9C1E" authority="Smith et al., 2006" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="2006" box="[151,596,835,861]" class="Ostracoda" family="Darwinulidae" genus="Vestalenula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="10" pageNumber="539" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cornelia">
<emphasis id="B91BEAFDFB26A8345D86FC8FFEA29C1E" box="[151,381,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="539">Vestalenula cornelia</emphasis>
Smith
<emphasis id="B91BEAFDFB26A8345CC0FC8FFDD59C1E" box="[465,522,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="539">et al.</emphasis>
, 2006
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D6CFB26A8345F71FC8FFBD69C1E" authority="(Straub, 1952)" baseAuthorityName="Straub" baseAuthorityYear="1952" box="[608,1033,834,861]" class="Ostracoda" family="Darwinulidae" genus="Vestalenula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="10" pageNumber="539" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cylindrica">
<emphasis id="B91BEAFDFB26A8345F71FC8FFC839C1E" box="[608,860,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="539">Vestalenula cylindrica</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFFE4B1EFB26A8345E7AFC8FFBDE9C1E" author="Straub, E. W." box="[875,1025,834,861]" pageId="10" pageNumber="539" pagination="433 - 524" refId="ref15921" refString="Straub, E. W. (1952) Mikropalaontologische Untersuchungen im Tertiar zwischen Ehingen und Ulm an der Donau. Geologisches Jahrbuch, 66, 433 - 524." type="journal article" year="1952">Straub, 1952</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D6CFB26A8345904FC8FFF069CC2" authority="(Neale &amp; Victor, 1978)" baseAuthorityName="Neale &amp; Victor" baseAuthorityYear="1978" class="Ostracoda" family="Darwinulidae" genus="Vestalenula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="10" pageNumber="539" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lundi">
<emphasis id="B91BEAFDFB26A8345904FC8FFB069C1E" box="[1045,1241,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="539">Vestalenula lundi</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFFE4B1EFB26A83459F9FC8FFF0F9CC2" author="Neale, J. W. &amp; Victor, R." pageId="10" pageNumber="539" pagination="1081 - 1087" refId="ref14382" refString="Neale, J. W. &amp; Victor, R. (1978) The Lund University Expedition freshwater Ostracoda from Sri Lanka (Ceylon). Canadian Journal of Zoology, 56, 1081 - 1087. https: // doi. org / 10.1139 / z 78 - 151" type="journal article" year="1978">Neale &amp; Victor, 1978</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D6CFB26A8345C1FFCABFC859CC2" authority="(Martens &amp; Rossetti, 1997)" baseAuthorityName="Martens &amp; Rossetti" baseAuthorityYear="1997" box="[270,858,871,897]" class="Ostracoda" family="Darwinulidae" genus="Vestalenula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="10" pageNumber="539" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="molopoensis">
<emphasis id="B91BEAFDFB26A8345C1FFCABFDFE9CC2" box="[270,545,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="539">Vestalenula molopoensis</emphasis>
(Martens &amp; Rossetti, 1997)
</taxonomicName>
, have pigmented eyes, albeit rather small examples. An eyeless species of
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D6CFB26A8345C81FC47FDCE9CE6" authorityName="Rossetti &amp; Martens" authorityYear="1998" box="[400,529,907,933]" class="Ostracoda" family="Darwinulidae" genus="Vestalenula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="10" pageNumber="539" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91BEAFDFB26A8345C81FC47FDCE9CE6" box="[400,529,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="539">Vestalenula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was previously reported from a cave in Susono City,
<collectingCountry id="F378767FFB26A834597FFC47FB6E9CE6" box="[1134,1201,907,933]" name="Japan" pageId="10" pageNumber="539">Japan</collectingCountry>
, but this remains unnamed and is not figured (
<bibRefCitation id="EFFE4B1EFB26A8345CA8FC63FD0F9C8A" author="Kaji, T. &amp; Tsukagoshi, A." box="[441,720,943,969]" pageId="10" pageNumber="539" pagination="521 - 529" refId="ref13467" refString="Kaji, T. &amp; Tsukagoshi, A. (2010) Heterochrony and modularity in the degeneration of maxillopodan nauplius eyes. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 99, 521 - 529. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1095 - 8312.2009.01382. x" type="journal article" year="2010">Kaji &amp; Tsukagoshi 2010</bibRefCitation>
). For some other species of
<emphasis id="B91BEAFDFB26A8345917FC63FB519C8A" box="[1030,1166,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="539">
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D6CFB26A8345917FC63FB559C8A" authorityName="Rossetti &amp; Martens" authorityYear="1998" box="[1030,1162,943,969]" class="Ostracoda" family="Darwinulidae" genus="Vestalenula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="10" pageNumber="539" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Vestalenula</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
the presence or absence of an eye was not noted in descriptions, but one species,
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D6CFB26A8345E3BFC1FFB729CAE" authority="Artheau, 2007" authorityName="Artheau" authorityYear="2007" box="[810,1197,979,1005]" class="Ostracoda" family="Darwinulidae" genus="Vestalenula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="10" pageNumber="539" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carveli">
<emphasis id="B91BEAFDFB26A8345E3BFC1FFBDD9CAE" box="[810,1026,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="539">Vestalenula carveli</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFFE4B1EFB26A834591AFC1FFB729CAE" author="Artheau, M." box="[1035,1197,979,1005]" pageId="10" pageNumber="539" pagination="471 - 486" refId="ref12049" refString="Artheau, M. (2007) Geographical review of the ostracod genus Vestalenula (Darwinulidae) and a new subterranean species from southern France. Invertebrate Systematics, 21, 471 - 486. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / IS 05058" type="journal article" year="2007">Artheau, 2007</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, was reported as not possessing an eye (although
<figureCitation id="13542A6AFB26A8345CCCFC3BFDEC9B52" box="[477,563,1015,1041]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1891,1915]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,185,1867]" captionTargetId="figure-17@9.[151,1435,181,1867]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 4. Vestalenula gravata sp. nov. A, antennule (LBM 1430009556). B, antenna (LBM 1430009555). C, mandible (LBM 1430009555). D, fifth limb endopodite (LBM 1430009556). E, sixth limb (LBM 1430009555). F, seventh limb (LBM 1430009555). G, posterior of body (LBM 1430009560)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6626916" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6626916/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="539">Fig. 4C</figureCitation>
of
<bibRefCitation id="EFFE4B1EFB26A8345F48FC3BFD2C9B52" author="Artheau, M." box="[601,755,1015,1041]" pageId="10" pageNumber="539" pagination="471 - 486" refId="ref12049" refString="Artheau, M. (2007) Geographical review of the ostracod genus Vestalenula (Darwinulidae) and a new subterranean species from southern France. Invertebrate Systematics, 21, 471 - 486. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / IS 05058" type="journal article" year="2007">Artheau 2007</bibRefCitation>
appears to show an eye in this species).
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D6CFB26A83459D4FC3BFA439B52" authorityName="Artheau" authorityYear="2007" box="[1221,1436,1015,1041]" class="Ostracoda" family="Darwinulidae" genus="Vestalenula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="10" pageNumber="539" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carveli">
<emphasis id="B91BEAFDFB26A83459D4FC3BFA439B52" box="[1221,1436,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="539">Vestalenula carveli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D6CFB26A8345CD5FBD7FD7B9B77" authority="Smith &amp; Chang, 2022" authorityName="Smith &amp; Chang" authorityYear="2022" box="[452,676,1051,1077]" class="Ostracoda" family="Darwinulidae" genus="Vestalenula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="10" pageNumber="539" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gravata" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B91BEAFDFB26A8345CD5FBD7FD7B9B77" box="[452,676,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="539">Vestalenula gravata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B91BEAFDFB26A8345FBDFBD7FCD99B76" bold="true" box="[684,774,1051,1077]" pageId="10" pageNumber="539">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2285786FB26A8345FBDFBD7FCD99B76" box="[684,774,1051,1077]" pageId="10" pageNumber="539" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
by the shorter keel and the presence of a post-abdomen in the former.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3756564FB26A8345DD6FBAEFB809A81" pageId="10" pageNumber="539" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BD036EFFB26A8345DD6FBAEFB839A16" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,1474]" pageId="10" pageNumber="539">
<emphasis id="B91BEAFDFB26A8345DD6FBAEFE279B3E" bold="true" box="[199,504,1122,1149]" pageId="10" pageNumber="539">Distribution and ecology.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D6CFB26A8345F10FBAFFD3D9B3F" authority="Smith &amp; Chang, 2022" authorityName="Smith &amp; Chang" authorityYear="2022" box="[513,738,1123,1149]" class="Ostracoda" family="Darwinulidae" genus="Vestalenula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="10" pageNumber="539" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gravata" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B91BEAFDFB26A8345F10FBAFFD3D9B3F" box="[513,738,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="539">Vestalenula gravata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B91BEAFDFB26A8345FFDFBAFFC979B3E" bold="true" box="[748,840,1123,1149]" pageId="10" pageNumber="539">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2285786FB26A8345FFDFBAFFC979B3E" box="[748,840,1123,1149]" pageId="10" pageNumber="539" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
was found at two sites during our survey. The
<typeStatus id="54D4884DFB26A834587DFBAFFA439B3E" box="[1388,1436,1123,1149]" pageId="10" pageNumber="539">type</typeStatus>
material was collected from a small, very shallow stream in a steep gully in a forest. The substrate was sedimentary rock, with small areas covered with poorly sorted mud, sand, pebbles and organic detritus. In places branches and logs were infilling the gully.A trowel was used to dig out some of the sediment to a depth of about
<quantity id="4C979B0AFB26A83459C5FB03FA919BAA" box="[1236,1358,1231,1257]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="539" unit="mm" value="15.0" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="10.0">10–20 mm</quantity>
, which was then washed through the sieves (see Methods and Material section above). The second site was similar to the first; a small, shallow stream in a forest on the lower slopes of a mountain. The sediment was very poorly sorted and angular, consisting of cobbles, pebbles and gravel, with specimens found interstitially.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD036EFFB26A8345DD6FA93FB809A81" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,1474]" pageId="10" pageNumber="539">
The lack of a pigmented eye and small size suggests that this species may be a stygobiont, and it is possible that specimens were washed from groundwater habitats during the heavy rains that occurred a couple of days before collection (
<bibRefCitation id="EFFE4B1EFB26A8345C05FA6BFD159A82" author="Japanese Meteorological Agency" box="[276,714,1447,1473]" pageId="10" pageNumber="539" refId="ref13407" refString="Japanese Meteorological Agency (2019) Disaster weather data, about heavy rain in Nagasaki Prefecture from 26 th to 30 th August 2019 (translated from Japanese) Available from: https: // www. jma-net. go. jp / fukuoka / chosa / saigai / 20190902 _ nagasaki. pdf (accessed 4 July 2020)" type="url" year="2019">Japanese Meteorological Agency 2019</bibRefCitation>
; see Material and Methods section).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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