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<document ID-CLB-Dataset="21617" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.943.48760" ID-GBIF-Dataset="8328e658-cb0a-407a-ae78-5e906598ac92" ID-PMC="PMC7324408" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-943-41" ID-Pensoft-UUID="81031CE8A56453D2BFEAEEFA60175BE7" ID-PubMed="32624675" ID-ZooBank="4295F5E79B064B9FB3309506518AEFFC" ModsDocID="1313-2970-943-41" checkinTime="1592863009432" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Choi, Hyun Ki, Kim, Hana &amp; Yoon, Seong Myeong" docDate="2020" docId="9A4424E801BD5100A4CA24706979C479" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 943: 41-51" docOrigin="ZooKeys 943" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.943.48760" docTitle="Neoamphitrite undevigintipes Choi &amp; Kim &amp; Yoon 2020, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="2CDD716F-CBAD-4B22-8A8A-3D51A9BB2322" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="6" id="81031CE8A56453D2BFEAEEFA60175BE7" lastPageNumber="41" masterDocId="81031CE8A56453D2BFEAEEFA60175BE7" masterDocTitle="Neoamphitrite undevigintipes, a new terebellid species from South Korea (Annelida, Terebellida, Terebellidae)" masterLastPageNumber="51" masterPageNumber="41" pageNumber="41" updateTime="1732845998459" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="281D2C159D270B0616CE43FF29F63202">Neoamphitrite undevigintipes, a new terebellid species from South Korea (Annelida, Terebellida, Terebellidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="AFEE433E4AD571FA3836B81EF11A72F3">Choi, Hyun Ki</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="081CA635BBFD064048B40822A6C4308C">National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon, 22689, South Korea</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="E47BDDBB4E8C54532E699AA2F0A44E38">Kim, Hana</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="33EC6976A1B515D7A5891D5A58F8EC0E">National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea, Seocheon, Chungcheongnam-do 33662, South Korea</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="C72914FC2B202239ABCD409F1C8AC117">Yoon, Seong Myeong</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="E5A49859FCCDF921B539EA91A2FF5122">Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, South Korea</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="4096CFC5081E43D71C51844C8BBCA963" type="email">smyun@chosun.ac.kr</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:identifier id="3B425EF57601FAD84CB3BC9AD34AB227" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.943.48760</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="9A4424E801BD5100A4CA24706979C479" ID-GBIF-Taxon="164697072" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:2CDD716F-CBAD-4B22-8A8A-3D51A9BB2322" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/9A4424E801BD5100A4CA24706979C479" lastPageNumber="41" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" scope_family="Terebellidae" scope_order="Terebellida" scope_phylum="Annelida">
<subSubSection id="31CBF15AE3F51E00B27AE7F602FC3392" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="4DAF35A1E2D1DE6F2870BBB4BD8AB461" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">
<taxonomicName id="90B2226CC66717B3D6E5741A6333E25B" ID-CoL="85RMD" LSID="9A4424E8-01BD-5100-A4CA-24706979C479" authority="Choi &amp; Kim &amp; Yoon, 2020" authorityName="Choi &amp; Kim &amp; Yoon" authorityYear="2020" class="Polychaeta" family="Terebellidae" genus="Neoamphitrite" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neoamphitrite undevigintipes" order="Terebellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="undevigintipes" status="sp. nov.">Neoamphitrite undevigintipes</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="67BA4C8428BB1E25506BFE6B97EEC63C" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<figureCitation id="9672CBE503A724B306DAF51B9CDE54FE" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Neoamphitrite undevigintipes sp. nov., paratype (MABIKNA 00156356), lateral view. Scale bar: 1.0 cm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.943.48760.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/423499" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">Figures 1</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="EBF90D172310A54ADFB4DA479C3D64FD" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Neoamphitrite undevigintipes sp. nov. A holotype (NIBRIV 0000753905) B, C paratype (MBIKINA 00156359). A Anterior end, lateral view B uncinus C notochaeta. Scale bars: 1.0 mm (A), 0.05 mm (B), 0.1 mm (C). Abbreviations: fr - nephridial papillae with free tube, fu - nephridial papillae with fused tube." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.943.48760.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/423500" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">, 2</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="B063913D2C0A4F09D14574CD1F12FEF6" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Neoamphitrite undevigintipes sp. nov. A paratype (MABIKNA 00156357) B paratype (MABIKNA 00156358) C (MBIKINA 00156359) D-H (MABIKNA 00156360). A Anterior end, lateral view B anterior end, ventral view C notopodial uncinus, lateral view D uncini arranged in double rows E thorax with 19 notopodia F last thoracic segment with uncini arranged in double rows and first abdominal segment with uncini arranged in single row G notochaetae H distal region of notochaetae. Scale bars: 1.0 mm (A, B), 0.025 mm (C, D), 5.0 mm (E), 0.5 mm (F), 0.1 mm (G), 0.025 mm (H). Abbreviations: fr - nephridial papillae with free tube, fu - nephridial papillae with fused tube." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.943.48760.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/423501" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">, 3</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="80FE816C5CB7A6D114148CDB0075230A" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" type="type locality">
<paragraph id="7EB6C2070DDC75036CD522F91E9596E1" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">Type locality.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="91B87A93CA14D036BD2E157BF94814F5" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">
South Korea, East Sea (Sea of Japan),
<geoCoordinate id="3D897AE48916E824CD92032F798AFD23" degrees="36" direction="north" minutes="35" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="08.0" value="36.585556">36°35'08.0&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="9E8FE8C6177757262C32F987216E0AC7" degrees="130" direction="east" minutes="08" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="19.7" value="130.13881">130°08'19.7&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, 500-1000 m in depth.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E8821840DEE1AC712DD334EFFC13D93E" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="4F266976003311C485A16EADE5F1FD3B" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A1C0B1F91936218373B638469B2A147E" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">
<emphasis id="9BBEADFDD3FFCA1D250F1D20FE265C2D" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">Holotype</emphasis>
: complete specimen (NIBRIV0000753905).
<emphasis id="ACAB42433CD802B573B662351474C76A" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">Paratypes</emphasis>
: one complete specimen (MABIKNA00156356); one complete specimen (MABIKNA00156357); one complete specimen (MABIKNA00156358); one complete specimen (MBIKINA00156359); one complete specimen (MABIKNA00156360).
<emphasis id="A0841A3521AC8B66AD71B0E8831C43A9" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">Non-type material</emphasis>
: 16 specimens (all complete specimens). All materials examined were collected from the type locality, 13 April 2018 using the benthic trawl mounted on RV Tamgu 21 of National Institute of Fisheries Science (NIFS) from Korea.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="1B3EC058CE1A35AC2A26559C00C5C40D" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="40344E29C86A263BC368B0D3A35DD654" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="32944967289BBB9F1A6647FB7801ED76" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">Body with distinct thoracic and abdominal region. Tentacular lobe collar-like. Peristomium with fleshy ridge on ventral side. Upper lip distinct and undulate with free margin. Lower lip well developed, projecting forward. Buccal tentacles filiform with ventral groove. Lateral lappets present on segments 2-4, well developed on segments 2 and 3, reduced on segment 4. 12 ventral shields from segment 3. Branchiae dichotomous with distinct stalk, 3 pairs, and present on segments 2-4. Nephridial papillae small, oval on segments 3-15, located between noto- and neuropodia. Notopodia present on 19 chaetigers on segment 4. Notochaetae medially winged and distally serrated. Neuropodia beginning at segment 5. Uncini avicular, short-handled, arranged in single row on segments 5-10, in double rows of beak to beak arrangement from segments 11-22, and in single row on all abdominal segments. Dental formula MF: 4-5: 5-6: 7-8. Pygidium reduced with 10 papillae.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="7B5562EAFF288149972CD1C93DF7563F" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" type="description">
<paragraph id="8EBDA0DD008CAB12F897710510FA8B1F" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C829F2A06BF6933B5E44F9D4A6D9970E" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">
Holotype: complete, 11.0 cm long, 1.5 cm wide at segments 10, and with approximately 74 segments. Body uniformly light beige in alcohol, without pigmentation pattern, and consist of thorax with 19 chaetigers and abdomen; anterior thoracic segments compact until about 13 and then segments slightly narrower and longer than 13 anterior segments (Figs
<figureCitation id="585A5376351F81B6D7A3DA5C3E45B197" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Neoamphitrite undevigintipes sp. nov., paratype (MABIKNA 00156356), lateral view. Scale bar: 1.0 cm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.943.48760.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/423499" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">1</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="348240D584D5A4A7D98E903CAA7B4180" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Neoamphitrite undevigintipes sp. nov. A paratype (MABIKNA 00156357) B paratype (MABIKNA 00156358) C (MBIKINA 00156359) D-H (MABIKNA 00156360). A Anterior end, lateral view B anterior end, ventral view C notopodial uncinus, lateral view D uncini arranged in double rows E thorax with 19 notopodia F last thoracic segment with uncini arranged in double rows and first abdominal segment with uncini arranged in single row G notochaetae H distal region of notochaetae. Scale bars: 1.0 mm (A, B), 0.025 mm (C, D), 5.0 mm (E), 0.5 mm (F), 0.1 mm (G), 0.025 mm (H). Abbreviations: fr - nephridial papillae with free tube, fu - nephridial papillae with fused tube." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.943.48760.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/423501" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">3A, B, E</figureCitation>
). Tentacular lobe short and collar-like. Peristomium with fleshy ridge on ventral side, separated anteriorly from lower lip by groove. Upper lip distinct and undulate with free margin. Lower lip well-developed, projecting forward. Buccal tentacles filiform with ventral groove. Lateral lappets paired on segments 2-4, distinct thickness flaps, protruding forwards, and with weakly developed glandular margin; first and second lappets well-developed, but third lappets reduced in length, located on nearby base of notopodia. Branchiae paired on segments 2-4, dichotomous, with 3 tiers of branches and weakly annulated stalk distinct. Nephridial papillae small, oval, present on segments 3-15, and located between noto- and neuropodia; those with fused tube retracted into body on segments 6-8 and other with free tube distinctly projecting from the body. Ventral shields trapezoidal, broader than longer, present on segments 3-14; first shield on segment 3 with glandular margin and others with smooth margin; thereafter shields replaced by mid-ventral groove extending to pygidium (Figs
<figureCitation id="CCB73CA6B629675CF82B7BB6DDD4CD0E" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Neoamphitrite undevigintipes sp. nov. A holotype (NIBRIV 0000753905) B, C paratype (MBIKINA 00156359). A Anterior end, lateral view B uncinus C notochaeta. Scale bars: 1.0 mm (A), 0.05 mm (B), 0.1 mm (C). Abbreviations: fr - nephridial papillae with free tube, fu - nephridial papillae with fused tube." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.943.48760.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/423500" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">2A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="D09C2EAF105B023886F67081D3879FE6" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Neoamphitrite undevigintipes sp. nov. A paratype (MABIKNA 00156357) B paratype (MABIKNA 00156358) C (MBIKINA 00156359) D-H (MABIKNA 00156360). A Anterior end, lateral view B anterior end, ventral view C notopodial uncinus, lateral view D uncini arranged in double rows E thorax with 19 notopodia F last thoracic segment with uncini arranged in double rows and first abdominal segment with uncini arranged in single row G notochaetae H distal region of notochaetae. Scale bars: 1.0 mm (A, B), 0.025 mm (C, D), 5.0 mm (E), 0.5 mm (F), 0.1 mm (G), 0.025 mm (H). Abbreviations: fr - nephridial papillae with free tube, fu - nephridial papillae with fused tube." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.943.48760.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/423501" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">3A, B, E</figureCitation>
). Notopodia short, rectangular, present on segments 4-22 (chaetigers 1-19); last 2 or 3 pairs becoming much shorter. Notochaetae slightly curved, medially winged and distally serrated, types of 2 lengths; chaetae on anterior row at least half as long as those on posterior row (Figs
<figureCitation id="9140BC019FE133444D399B95BF0B17EF" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Neoamphitrite undevigintipes sp. nov. A holotype (NIBRIV 0000753905) B, C paratype (MBIKINA 00156359). A Anterior end, lateral view B uncinus C notochaeta. Scale bars: 1.0 mm (A), 0.05 mm (B), 0.1 mm (C). Abbreviations: fr - nephridial papillae with free tube, fu - nephridial papillae with fused tube." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.943.48760.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/423500" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">2C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="9FA11633BB3F8C69514F3486F5EA9BCF" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Neoamphitrite undevigintipes sp. nov. A paratype (MABIKNA 00156357) B paratype (MABIKNA 00156358) C (MBIKINA 00156359) D-H (MABIKNA 00156360). A Anterior end, lateral view B anterior end, ventral view C notopodial uncinus, lateral view D uncini arranged in double rows E thorax with 19 notopodia F last thoracic segment with uncini arranged in double rows and first abdominal segment with uncini arranged in single row G notochaetae H distal region of notochaetae. Scale bars: 1.0 mm (A, B), 0.025 mm (C, D), 5.0 mm (E), 0.5 mm (F), 0.1 mm (G), 0.025 mm (H). Abbreviations: fr - nephridial papillae with free tube, fu - nephridial papillae with fused tube." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.943.48760.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/423501" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">3E-H</figureCitation>
). Neuropodia beginning from segment 5 as low rectangular ridges, and with uncini arranged in single rows on segments 5-10 (chaetigers 2-7), uncini in double rows beak to beak arrangement on segments 11-22 (chaetigers 8-19), and in single row on all abdominal segments. Uncini avicular, short-handled with short triangular heel, distally pointed prow, minute dorsal button, and 5 rows of secondary teeth on main fang with subrostral guard. Dental formula MF: 4-5: 5-6: 7-8 (Figs
<figureCitation id="1F46579BF274A984D97BF8211F0336D9" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Neoamphitrite undevigintipes sp. nov. A holotype (NIBRIV 0000753905) B, C paratype (MBIKINA 00156359). A Anterior end, lateral view B uncinus C notochaeta. Scale bars: 1.0 mm (A), 0.05 mm (B), 0.1 mm (C). Abbreviations: fr - nephridial papillae with free tube, fu - nephridial papillae with fused tube." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.943.48760.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/423500" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">2B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E4E53D006241EDD6252F996CD07BB786" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Neoamphitrite undevigintipes sp. nov. A paratype (MABIKNA 00156357) B paratype (MABIKNA 00156358) C (MBIKINA 00156359) D-H (MABIKNA 00156360). A Anterior end, lateral view B anterior end, ventral view C notopodial uncinus, lateral view D uncini arranged in double rows E thorax with 19 notopodia F last thoracic segment with uncini arranged in double rows and first abdominal segment with uncini arranged in single row G notochaetae H distal region of notochaetae. Scale bars: 1.0 mm (A, B), 0.025 mm (C, D), 5.0 mm (E), 0.5 mm (F), 0.1 mm (G), 0.025 mm (H). Abbreviations: fr - nephridial papillae with free tube, fu - nephridial papillae with fused tube." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.943.48760.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/423501" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">3C, D</figureCitation>
). Pygidium reduced with encircling 10 papillae.
</paragraph>
<caption id="86F4A37AF180451FB3CD1422B64FA05B" doi="10.3897/zookeys.943.48760.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/423499" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" start="Figure 1" startId="F1">
<paragraph id="E102F055A6871D830E032D42EBE2F6DE" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">
<emphasis id="D8DCED251F9AE68493840CECE0686B27" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">Figure 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="EBFB024F3D4F534B271DDE99C88DE6DA" authorityName="Choi &amp; Kim &amp; Yoon" authorityYear="2020" class="Polychaeta" family="Terebellidae" genus="Neoamphitrite" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neoamphitrite undevigintipes" order="Terebellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="undevigintipes">
<emphasis id="81553563FA2B4F61ECE8EAA970B136D2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">Neoamphitrite undevigintipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov., paratype (MABIKNA00156356), lateral view. Scale bar: 1.0 cm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F03F596FBCDBB484BA99F91977938041" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="A47D204B59B7000B105078F47DC18B08" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C7A989FB636EEC58267E5BA0444FB30B" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">
A combination of the Latin
<emphasis id="C2894087A44F7AD00E5DE08AF6D8F3D4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">undeviginti</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="1815FE3314B0BA05F06412ADC6782C32" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">pes.</emphasis>
This name means 'nineteen
<normalizedToken id="13A585883AB36C4A2E3B2A9604B19EF1" originalValue="feet">feet'</normalizedToken>
, referring to the 19 pairs of notopodia on the thoracic segments.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="091F4A0E361CBFC2BD8B195EF4EB2ED8" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" type="habitat">
<paragraph id="8BAE44FBD67212546085D73CF8385047" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">Habitat.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D1A210615DC0675991A38915E5EC41BA" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">This species is found on the soft bottom of deep waters (500-1000 m depth) and lives in a mud tube.</paragraph>
<caption id="740FC2AC0E5C7BFA514D97197CEE389E" doi="10.3897/zookeys.943.48760.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/423500" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
<paragraph id="BA7092DB840B6B7E544DC5B873246A4C" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">
<emphasis id="3F5228C6FCC3D7AEB55564303AB318A3" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">Figure 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="A42B445E10AF0818EF6AD534475017D6" authorityName="Choi &amp; Kim &amp; Yoon" authorityYear="2020" class="Polychaeta" family="Terebellidae" genus="Neoamphitrite" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neoamphitrite undevigintipes" order="Terebellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="undevigintipes">
<emphasis id="C46902A76515D329F7730A80F2CAD263" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">Neoamphitrite undevigintipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov.
<emphasis id="635BB9707DCFEC5F99F26F18E8278C4B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">A</emphasis>
holotype (NIBRIV0000753905)
<emphasis id="4E6CBE260827AC436E131A0D29250B0E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">B, C</emphasis>
paratype (MBIKINA00156359).
<emphasis id="6278D3E4643CE4AB35026CE711F3206E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">A</emphasis>
Anterior end, lateral view
<emphasis id="8FEBA18C50C53591A193E17FB8BB5564" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">B</emphasis>
uncinus
<emphasis id="BB3999CE9DE424F6A858AC992173DB31" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">C</emphasis>
notochaeta. Scale bars: 1.0 mm (
<emphasis id="70BE87B99D2360728118D16DECC31389" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">A</emphasis>
), 0.05 mm (
<emphasis id="1C299A7DA0D4F2B8C6DE677700E6FEFD" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">B</emphasis>
), 0.1 mm (
<emphasis id="EAB75A40DF7101F1C12AF100E9283C45" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">C</emphasis>
). Abbreviations:
<emphasis id="57DC833641E5913FFCDE283CBF1C3C35" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">fr</emphasis>
- nephridial papillae with free tube,
<emphasis id="041D7F65DDDC0CD5BFEED8030EC22F86" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">fu</emphasis>
- nephridial papillae with fused tube.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DE3B1AC01F791D648EFA2C664D19FCC3" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="D6F61881F01E5CCAF04366B626EC3DF4" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="500683ED7A1C0B5AD3B307C123D4DEEE" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">
In
<taxonomicName id="45A46C11BC10F394106B7F282325DC8D" authorityName="Hessle" authorityYear="1917" class="Polychaeta" family="Terebellidae" genus="Neoamphitrite" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neoamphitrite" order="Terebellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="370DF1E98376D2128BE7524FD7B3764F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">Neoamphitrite</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
taxonomy, the number of notopodia is a key character for the identification of species (
<bibRefCitation id="A2330A7130B29BB4E2EFCF763ACDDB88" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3853/j.0067-1975.40.1988.150" author="Hutchings, PA" journalOrPublisher="Records of the Australian Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" pagination="1 - 60" refId="B8" refString="Hutchings, PA, Glasby, CJ, 1988. The Amphitritinae (Polychaeta: Terebellidae) from Australia. Records of the Australian Museum 40: 1 - 60, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3853/j.0067-1975.40.1988.150" title="The Amphitritinae (Polychaeta: Terebellidae) from Australia." url="https://doi.org/10.3853/j.0067-1975.40.1988.150" volume="40" year="1988">Hutchings and Glasby 1988</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="D2A7CF1F1A6446FF745F41EB68A0378D" author="Hilbig, B" editor="Blake, JA" journalOrPublisher="7 - The Annelida Part 4. Polychaeta: Flabelligeridae to Sternaspidae. Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History Press. Santa Barbara, California" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" pagination="231 - 294" refId="B7" refString="Hilbig, B, 2000. Family Terebellidae Grube, 1851. In: Blake, JA, Hilbig, B, Scott, PH, Eds., Taxonomic Atlas of the Benthic Fauna of the Santa Maria Basin and Western Santa Barbara Channel. 7 - The Annelida Part 4. Polychaeta: Flabelligeridae to Sternaspidae. Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History Press. Santa Barbara, California: 231 - 294" title="Family Terebellidae Grube, 1851." volumeTitle="Taxonomic Atlas of the Benthic Fauna of the Santa Maria Basin and Western Santa Barbara Channel." year="2000">Hilbig 2000</bibRefCitation>
;
<normalizedToken id="4175ECDFFA11FCE9DBD96CD248A5BB98" originalValue="Londoño-Mesa">Londono-Mesa</normalizedToken>
and Carrera-Parra 2005;
<bibRefCitation id="0BDC15A3ACCC68976085D5AAAEA7A4AC" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1017/S0025315411000658" author="Reuscher, M" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" pagination="997 - 1012" refId="B13" refString="Reuscher, M, Fiege, D, Wehe, T, 2012. Terebellomorph polychaetes from hydrothermal vents and cold seeps with the description of two new species of Terebellidae (Annelida: Polychaeta) representing the first records of the family from deep-sea vents. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 92: 997 - 1012, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0025315411000658" title="Terebellomorph polychaetes from hydrothermal vents and cold seeps with the description of two new species of Terebellidae (Annelida: Polychaeta) representing the first records of the family from deep-sea vents." url="https://doi.org/10.1017/S0025315411000658" volume="92" year="2012">Reuscher et al. 2012</bibRefCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="626C13E328CBA6785380CD4406FE7DDA" authorityName="Choi &amp; Kim &amp; Yoon" authorityYear="2020" class="Polychaeta" family="Terebellidae" genus="Neoamphitrite" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neoamphitrite undevigintipes" order="Terebellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="undevigintipes">
<emphasis id="0FBF099C351843B4B080CFB18750A2A4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">Neoamphitrite undevigintipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. has 19 pairs of notopodia on the thoracic segments regardless of body size and number of segments. In this respect, the new species is most similar to
<taxonomicName id="391BD76E36AE5E151B22D0B8FB682585" baseAuthorityName="Malmgren" baseAuthorityYear="1866" class="Polychaeta" family="Terebellidae" genus="Neoamphitrite" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neoamphitrite groenlandica" order="Terebellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="groenlandica">
<emphasis id="CF94775EC04077346E6356C6FDA306C6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">Neoamphitrite groenlandica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Malmgren, 1866), which was originally described from the Atlantic Ocean and also has 19 pairs of notopodia (Malmgren 1866;
<bibRefCitation id="B599DDD64FE1378181ADEA4605B93AAF" author="Hessle, C" journalOrPublisher="Zoologiska bidrag fran Uppsala" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" pagination="39 - 258" refId="B6" refString="Hessle, C, 1917. Zur Kenntnis der terebellomorphen Polychaeten. Zoologiska bidrag fran Uppsala 5: 39 - 258" title="Zur Kenntnis der terebellomorphen Polychaeten." volume="5" year="1917">Hessle 1917</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="B2D86EB830E5FAAD374DB00C9C513B07" author="Fauvel, P" journalOrPublisher="Faune de France" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" pagination="1 - 494" refId="B4" refString="Fauvel, P, 1927. Polychetes Sédentaires. Addenda aux. Errantes Archiannelides, Myzostomaires. Faune de France 16: 1 - 494" title="Polychetes Se ́ dentaires. Addenda aux. Errantes Archiannelides, Myzostomaires." volume="16" year="1927">Fauvel 1927</bibRefCitation>
). However, the new species is clearly differentiated from
<taxonomicName id="BD8D8309A3AD861C8D3CBAFCA53DAB2E" lsidName="N. groenlandica" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" rank="species" species="groenlandica">
<emphasis id="A9D452037123B155791F004A47B822C4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">N. groenlandica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by two characteristic features. The uncini in the first abdominal chaetiger are arranged in a single row in
<taxonomicName id="7A40069C152BB7A389E9B3A4079016B9" lsidName="N. undevigintipes" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" rank="species" species="undevigintipes">
<emphasis id="606A81E9C93D8D92F0EB5C5FDA7D3368" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">N. undevigintipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov., but in double rows in
<taxonomicName id="D111DE73D67C58B34F422F57C92CA1AF" lsidName="N. groenlandica" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" rank="species" species="groenlandica">
<emphasis id="33847B9C0DCE06EFFD896174F57E61D9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">N. groenlandica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and the new species has 12 ventral shields, but
<taxonomicName id="3E4B66C53AEFE585F977FA1179B03C01" lsidName="N. groenlandica" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" rank="species" species="groenlandica">
<emphasis id="8E43AB8A8722A1A7B2B456D3CB537A6C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">N. groenlandica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has 14 (Malmgren 1866;
<bibRefCitation id="95DEBDE4277E143B2B9561E93AA1294E" author="Hessle, C" journalOrPublisher="Zoologiska bidrag fran Uppsala" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" pagination="39 - 258" refId="B6" refString="Hessle, C, 1917. Zur Kenntnis der terebellomorphen Polychaeten. Zoologiska bidrag fran Uppsala 5: 39 - 258" title="Zur Kenntnis der terebellomorphen Polychaeten." volume="5" year="1917">Hessle 1917</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="ABFAB6FAAE8D278C9E176E071F0BF954" author="Fauvel, P" journalOrPublisher="Faune de France" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" pagination="1 - 494" refId="B4" refString="Fauvel, P, 1927. Polychetes Sédentaires. Addenda aux. Errantes Archiannelides, Myzostomaires. Faune de France 16: 1 - 494" title="Polychetes Se ́ dentaires. Addenda aux. Errantes Archiannelides, Myzostomaires." volume="16" year="1927">Fauvel 1927</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="FB32A74D509599A9127AB15EEC8DAA27" doi="10.3897/zookeys.943.48760.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/423501" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
<paragraph id="A4B8DD1E78043E455C17C8EFD4A79748" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">
<emphasis id="16B4BB477B84AD2BF6EC838A2296C1DD" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">Figure 3.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="D68CE87A0E5B82DF0C887DAE3321331F" authorityName="Choi &amp; Kim &amp; Yoon" authorityYear="2020" class="Polychaeta" family="Terebellidae" genus="Neoamphitrite" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neoamphitrite undevigintipes" order="Terebellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="undevigintipes">
<emphasis id="2F3FE99A90BED8764C811032D842A9A2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">Neoamphitrite undevigintipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov.
<emphasis id="D6A3A13407E94A1E2F5739DD0930C6CA" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">A</emphasis>
paratype (MABIKNA00156357)
<emphasis id="E6BF35A4A61C4B2B00FB2D7170D12232" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">B</emphasis>
paratype (MABIKNA00156358)
<emphasis id="984804E6089795343CEDA1EEF70E88F2" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">C</emphasis>
(MBIKINA00156359)
<emphasis id="9EB9DEAA8639297F1240C19B35FB6094" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">D-H</emphasis>
(MABIKNA00156360).
<emphasis id="09634A494E16938D4EEE4F288F463731" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">A</emphasis>
Anterior end, lateral view
<emphasis id="31524EFBC491848AFC22740DDC0BF4D3" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">B</emphasis>
anterior end, ventral view
<emphasis id="63C7CD6DCDC7E82D56F758F86746D44A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">C</emphasis>
notopodial uncinus, lateral view
<emphasis id="060C7BF5AB72BB709D8E0664D9133999" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">D</emphasis>
uncini arranged in double rows
<emphasis id="F7C89A35F693C2EE74C1029B7F50655C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">E</emphasis>
thorax with 19 notopodia
<emphasis id="C90A9BFD27947BC53EDBC1A3AE57D5A6" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">F</emphasis>
last thoracic segment with uncini arranged in double rows and first abdominal segment with uncini arranged in single row
<emphasis id="F1B35EA311BE4758980442F8CADEDE4F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">G</emphasis>
notochaetae
<emphasis id="9806F72FB12DDF4C51592802EC2AA3BF" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">H</emphasis>
distal region of notochaetae. Scale bars: 1.0 mm (
<emphasis id="9C79CB1AAC91948CAFE625A5EC372C85" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">A, B</emphasis>
), 0.025 mm (
<emphasis id="91077070F679B94D68DFF26C2970AF70" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">C, D</emphasis>
), 5.0 mm (E), 0.5 mm (
<emphasis id="FAAFC5940BEFDB3FD0EEBA1D34229CE5" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">F</emphasis>
), 0.1 mm (
<emphasis id="BBD9CC04689C207AF85EAEB61FC623A0" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">G</emphasis>
), 0.025 mm (
<emphasis id="CEC714CAEACA2ECDFA79863136BF1A3A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">H</emphasis>
). Abbreviations:
<emphasis id="8751F88C0BEB82709A7793835D4847FA" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">fr</emphasis>
- nephridial papillae with free tube,
<emphasis id="6B9368530482FE5F64B4B0AC868200E9" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">fu</emphasis>
- nephridial papillae with fused tube.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="534ADF842C9BCDC0EF1D5EE53D03EA28" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">
In East Asia, three
<taxonomicName id="C06F8227D8CF7F98572D54AC1707CFE7" authorityName="Hessle" authorityYear="1917" class="Polychaeta" family="Terebellidae" genus="Neoamphitrite" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neoamphitrite" order="Terebellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E606E2B22C21632580165928665084F4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">Neoamphitrite</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species,
<taxonomicName id="6DDB46BF1546F41A0546B1FF0AB0F7B3" lsidName="N. edwardsi" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" rank="species" species="edwardsi">
<emphasis id="BEC467D24110A1F81715B168D91A0EE8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">N. edwardsi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Quatrefages, 1865),
<taxonomicName id="6B8F294F17546036EFF2874126CB7297" lsidName="N. ramosissima" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" rank="species" species="ramosissima">
<emphasis id="5269F0CC8B5151CD4AEE38D0F1DCFF73" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">N. ramosissima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Marenzeller, 1884), and
<taxonomicName id="B461B6160B78B20370D5C415A4720078" lsidName="N. vigintipes" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" rank="species" species="vigintipes">
<emphasis id="BC25FDB323807E75D3AE73B3F339A3B7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">N. vigintipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Grube, 1870) from Japan, have been recorded (
<bibRefCitation id="DAC0C7DB3EF18D6B5EEA8BF6A5C0B75A" author="Hessle, C" journalOrPublisher="Zoologiska bidrag fran Uppsala" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" pagination="39 - 258" refId="B6" refString="Hessle, C, 1917. Zur Kenntnis der terebellomorphen Polychaeten. Zoologiska bidrag fran Uppsala 5: 39 - 258" title="Zur Kenntnis der terebellomorphen Polychaeten." volume="5" year="1917">Hessle 1917</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="D4D8860B4790D5094DEFE6CED11E2186" author="Imajima, M" journalOrPublisher="Occasional Papers" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" pagination="1 - 452" refId="B9" refString="Imajima, M, Hartman, O, 1964. The polychaetous annelids of Japan. Allan Hancock Foundation. Occasional Papers 26: 1 - 452" title="The polychaetous annelids of Japan. Allan Hancock Foundation." volume="26" year="1964">Imajima and Hartman 1964</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="0A96E99F681AB1B37CB5BB24DB868DB8" author="Paik, EI" journalOrPublisher="Ministry of Education, Seoul" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" refId="B12" refString="Paik, EI, 1989. Illustrated Encyclopedia of Fauna and Flora of Korea, Vol. 31. Polychaeta. Ministry of Education, Seoul" title="Illustrated Encyclopedia of Fauna and Flora of Korea, Vol. 31. Polychaeta." year="1989">Paik 1989</bibRefCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="85EE9A4EF38CE526F5FA83158622D80F" authorityName="Choi &amp; Kim &amp; Yoon" authorityYear="2020" class="Polychaeta" family="Terebellidae" genus="Neoamphitrite" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neoamphitrite undevigintipes" order="Terebellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="undevigintipes">
<emphasis id="A4AD92E7423594D9D7F5373A8BD8C5BA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">Neoamphitrite undevigintipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. shows several differences from these species as follows: notopodia of
<taxonomicName id="C7654A7B542D0ED7762A4B7105B2C8F4" lsidName="N. undevigintipes" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" rank="species" species="undevigintipes">
<emphasis id="EE30271629B4397B4C8F79453011B557" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">N. undevigintipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. are present on 19 chaetigers, compared to 17 in
<taxonomicName id="04E94DDE66093D2209EB4E9433EA6AE9" lsidName="N. ramosissima" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" rank="species" species="ramosissima">
<emphasis id="CE7576D77A1737B4D23C3B0D1C6DC6F4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">N. ramosissima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="9B66ECA86F0BB7D42306E08350EBE9ED" lsidName="N. edwardsi" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" rank="species" species="edwardsi">
<emphasis id="5196534ACE175AD92B1C19208E978F11" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">N. edwardsi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="6AF9116F1D3DACA575CE1FFFC8FE9F78" authorityName="Choi &amp; Kim &amp; Yoon" authorityYear="2020" class="Polychaeta" family="Terebellidae" genus="Neoamphitrite" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neoamphitrite undevigintipes" order="Terebellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="undevigintipes">
<emphasis id="1644224D5B5663804DF5458450AE0B17" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">Neoamphitrite undevigintipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. has uncini arranged in a single row in all abdominal chaetigers, while
<taxonomicName id="D40935D10722E4EA7551C3D5191829CF" lsidName="N. vigintipes" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" rank="species" species="vigintipes">
<emphasis id="429DC7E69081E7F596235DC0D782CF74" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">N. vigintipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has the uncini arranged in double rows in abdominal chaetigers except for some final chaetigers. The new species has 13 pairs of nephridial papillae, whereas six, nine, and 12 pairs are present in
<taxonomicName id="A557EC220520E053D08B55291C5E3868" lsidName="N. ramosissima" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" rank="species" species="ramosissima">
<emphasis id="49FA8CAE6C77F9BCD48D0DE3A9D74AB3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">N. ramosissima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="7B0D8618E3DCD4A5709956B842A08D3A" lsidName="N. edwardsi" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" rank="species" species="edwardsi">
<emphasis id="03C3813B0E651004C194009190AB9D93" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">N. edwardsi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="0ED5586DEF9E127377E8D92E2FE3B31F" lsidName="N. vigintipes" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" rank="species" species="vigintipes">
<emphasis id="9345DE8AFEEDB72550079C0A10728827" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">N. vigintipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, respectively (
<bibRefCitation id="A07AE368B242851A61140C3AAB5CEBED" author="Hessle, C" journalOrPublisher="Zoologiska bidrag fran Uppsala" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" pagination="39 - 258" refId="B6" refString="Hessle, C, 1917. Zur Kenntnis der terebellomorphen Polychaeten. Zoologiska bidrag fran Uppsala 5: 39 - 258" title="Zur Kenntnis der terebellomorphen Polychaeten." volume="5" year="1917">Hessle 1917</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="F8E81B92D8B44ED8C26AFC6344DDE928" author="Imajima, M" journalOrPublisher="Occasional Papers" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" pagination="1 - 452" refId="B9" refString="Imajima, M, Hartman, O, 1964. The polychaetous annelids of Japan. Allan Hancock Foundation. Occasional Papers 26: 1 - 452" title="The polychaetous annelids of Japan. Allan Hancock Foundation." volume="26" year="1964">Imajima and Hartman 1964</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="F4928FA424A8B62FAA9BB402AE44DD0E" author="Paik, EI" journalOrPublisher="Ministry of Education, Seoul" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" refId="B12" refString="Paik, EI, 1989. Illustrated Encyclopedia of Fauna and Flora of Korea, Vol. 31. Polychaeta. Ministry of Education, Seoul" title="Illustrated Encyclopedia of Fauna and Flora of Korea, Vol. 31. Polychaeta." year="1989">Paik 1989</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="35CC9FFEFC8932F6648A8BFBC6C9EE28" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">
<bibRefCitation id="61E6AEDDC352D2F8593A19BB6C9662E7" author="Hessle, C" journalOrPublisher="Zoologiska bidrag fran Uppsala" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" pagination="39 - 258" refId="B6" refString="Hessle, C, 1917. Zur Kenntnis der terebellomorphen Polychaeten. Zoologiska bidrag fran Uppsala 5: 39 - 258" title="Zur Kenntnis der terebellomorphen Polychaeten." volume="5" year="1917">Hessle (1917)</bibRefCitation>
suggested that
<taxonomicName id="C112B476FA5853F47EFF98FD1491DBE9" authorityName="Hessle" authorityYear="1917" class="Polychaeta" family="Terebellidae" genus="Neoamphitrite" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neoamphitrite" order="Terebellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6220E95570D4523166C6DDB1907BC2FC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">Neoamphitrite</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species are distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="270A578AC17A8BD9B88C7335AA61FE2D" class="Polychaeta" family="Terebellidae" genus="Amphitrite" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amphitrite" order="Terebellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="F762979667E0BB6A163B4DE53C8B6BB6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">Amphitrite</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species by having nephridial papillae with free tubes distinctly projecting from the body rather than fused tubes retracted into the body. However, in several specimens of
<taxonomicName id="95EF804D9DACDE2BC60FE3D57E29AAB6" lsidName="N. undevigintipes" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" rank="species" species="undevigintipes">
<emphasis id="E4E0F4B64D1E1DD4452E95395719B143" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">N. undevigintipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov., the nephridial papillae have fused tubes in two or three of all nephridial papillae pairs.
<bibRefCitation id="068BECD387C5D957ABF4C4D2BBA8C711" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3853/j.0067-1975.40.1988.150" author="Hutchings, PA" journalOrPublisher="Records of the Australian Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" pagination="1 - 60" refId="B8" refString="Hutchings, PA, Glasby, CJ, 1988. The Amphitritinae (Polychaeta: Terebellidae) from Australia. Records of the Australian Museum 40: 1 - 60, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3853/j.0067-1975.40.1988.150" title="The Amphitritinae (Polychaeta: Terebellidae) from Australia." url="https://doi.org/10.3853/j.0067-1975.40.1988.150" volume="40" year="1988">Hutchings and Glasby (1988)</bibRefCitation>
mentioned that the form of nephridial papillae is difficult to use as a generic diagnostic feature because it can be variable according to the state of specimens. This character was overlooked in diagnoses of the terebellid genera (
<bibRefCitation id="048BA938909268811ED50678751FC012" author="Fauvel, P" journalOrPublisher="Faune de France" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" pagination="1 - 494" refId="B4" refString="Fauvel, P, 1927. Polychetes Sédentaires. Addenda aux. Errantes Archiannelides, Myzostomaires. Faune de France 16: 1 - 494" title="Polychetes Se ́ dentaires. Addenda aux. Errantes Archiannelides, Myzostomaires." volume="16" year="1927">Fauvel 1927</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="A21943BBBE8D5BC777416DF4D133D3B5" author="Caullery, M" journalOrPublisher="Siboga-Expeditie" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" pagination="1 - 204" refId="B1" refString="Caullery, M, 1944. Polychetes Sedentaires de l'Expedition du Siboga: Ariciidae, Spionidae, Chaetopteridae, Chlorhaemidae, Opheliidae, Oweniidae, Sabellariidae, Sternaspidae, Amphictenidae, Ampharetidae, Terebellidae. Siboga-Expeditie 24 (2): 1 - 204" title="Polychetes Sedentaires de l'Expedition du Siboga: Ariciidae, Spionidae, Chaetopteridae, Chlorhaemidae, Opheliidae, Oweniidae, Sabellariidae, Sternaspidae, Amphictenidae, Ampharetidae, Terebellidae." volume="24" year="1944">Caullery 1944</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="23C5A8ACD6CD5BD3212E71FE5ACAF96B" author="Fauchald, K" journalOrPublisher="Science Series" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" pagination="1 - 190" refId="B3" refString="Fauchald, K, 1977. The polychaete worms. Definitions and keys to the orders, families and genera. Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County. Science Series 28: 1 - 190" title="The polychaete worms. Definitions and keys to the orders, families and genera. Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County." volume="28" year="1977">Fauchald 1977</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="38C8DEBE1237116CCB6E5D7355A48379" author="Hilbig, B" editor="Blake, JA" journalOrPublisher="7 - The Annelida Part 4. Polychaeta: Flabelligeridae to Sternaspidae. Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History Press. Santa Barbara, California" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" pagination="231 - 294" refId="B7" refString="Hilbig, B, 2000. Family Terebellidae Grube, 1851. In: Blake, JA, Hilbig, B, Scott, PH, Eds., Taxonomic Atlas of the Benthic Fauna of the Santa Maria Basin and Western Santa Barbara Channel. 7 - The Annelida Part 4. Polychaeta: Flabelligeridae to Sternaspidae. Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History Press. Santa Barbara, California: 231 - 294" title="Family Terebellidae Grube, 1851." volumeTitle="Taxonomic Atlas of the Benthic Fauna of the Santa Maria Basin and Western Santa Barbara Channel." year="2000">Hilbig 2000</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="E9FF7E6DB9ABE2B477C6DB97F52232E7" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3853/j.0067-1975.40.1988.150" author="Hutchings, PA" journalOrPublisher="Records of the Australian Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" pagination="1 - 60" refId="B8" refString="Hutchings, PA, Glasby, CJ, 1988. The Amphitritinae (Polychaeta: Terebellidae) from Australia. Records of the Australian Museum 40: 1 - 60, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3853/j.0067-1975.40.1988.150" title="The Amphitritinae (Polychaeta: Terebellidae) from Australia." url="https://doi.org/10.3853/j.0067-1975.40.1988.150" volume="40" year="1988">Hutchings and Glasby 1988</bibRefCitation>
;
<normalizedToken id="A8F7C30E22C08EAD4203874368DA798D" originalValue="Londoño-Mesa">Londono-Mesa</normalizedToken>
and Carrera-Parra 2005;
<bibRefCitation id="FD7DDF7E3C55CB38DD99A6E5258E2100" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1017/S0025315411000658" author="Reuscher, M" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" pagination="997 - 1012" refId="B13" refString="Reuscher, M, Fiege, D, Wehe, T, 2012. Terebellomorph polychaetes from hydrothermal vents and cold seeps with the description of two new species of Terebellidae (Annelida: Polychaeta) representing the first records of the family from deep-sea vents. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 92: 997 - 1012, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0025315411000658" title="Terebellomorph polychaetes from hydrothermal vents and cold seeps with the description of two new species of Terebellidae (Annelida: Polychaeta) representing the first records of the family from deep-sea vents." url="https://doi.org/10.1017/S0025315411000658" volume="92" year="2012">Reuscher et al. 2012</bibRefCitation>
). In this respect, we think that the form of nephridial papillae is not yet a useful diagnostic character and that its taxonomic value should be re-examined in detail using as many species as possible. We provide a key to the species presently regarded as members of
<taxonomicName id="03B68E0F4966E26AF70F5F8AE2E52322" authorityName="Hessle" authorityYear="1917" class="Polychaeta" family="Terebellidae" genus="Neoamphitrite" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neoamphitrite" order="Terebellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C9B80F586E789A8C7952ADC1DA7A8BA4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">Neoamphitrite</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5C345794B1208DC26F8B6D0DEB115346" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" type="genetic information">
<paragraph id="27658160B2B578FFC94C0E26C055C771" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">Genetic information.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DF5BE1445C252246ED74BBF32C9F8496" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">
In this study, partial COI sequences, each measuring 658 bp, were obtained from three specimens for genetic analysis of
<taxonomicName id="9E5E34EDB8174C94751D32BF0D94B903" authorityName="Choi &amp; Kim &amp; Yoon" authorityYear="2020" class="Polychaeta" family="Terebellidae" genus="Neoamphitrite" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neoamphitrite undevigintipes" order="Terebellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="undevigintipes">
<emphasis id="9D887AF8DEEAC2C56932F7E0C9C1E5A2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">Neoamphitrite undevigintipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. They are deposited in the GenBank under accession numbers MN306311 to MN306313. All COI sequences obtained were identical. Using data available from the GenBank (
<bibRefCitation id="42946DA485AEFF91041E0A36BD322049" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0022232" author="Carr, CM" journalOrPublisher="Siboga-Expeditie" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" refId="B2" refString="Carr, CM, Hardy, SM, Brown, TM, Macdonald, TA, Hebert, PD, 2011. A tri-oceanic perspective: DNA barcoding reveals geographic structure and cryptic diversity in Canadian polychaetes. PLoS ONE 6: e22232. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0022232" title="A tri-oceanic perspective: DNA barcoding reveals geographic structure and cryptic diversity in Canadian polychaetes. PLoS ONE 6: e 22232." url="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0022232" year="2011">Carr et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
; Siddall et al. 2011;
<bibRefCitation id="6F357D79F77897321566D7D43DB123BF" author="Telfer, A" journalOrPublisher="Molecular Biology and Evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" refId="B16" refString="Telfer, A, Dewaard, J, 2017. Centre for Biodiversity Genomics (BIOUG) - Marine Invertebrates. University of Guelph. Occurrence dataset." title="Centre for Biodiversity Genomics (BIOUG) - Marine Invertebrates. University of Guelph. Occurrence dataset." year="2017">Telfer and Dewaard 2017</bibRefCitation>
), we genetically compared the new species with two
<taxonomicName id="0CB895B9215C26FA5BF4F73844469A93" authorityName="Hessle" authorityYear="1917" class="Polychaeta" family="Terebellidae" genus="Neoamphitrite" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neoamphitrite" order="Terebellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="253E56ECD1E8110607B10AC51D1D6E23" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">Neoamphitrite</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species,
<taxonomicName id="94835FD6ECB93870F5BBE72759D13FB4" lsidName="N. figulus" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" rank="species" species="figulus">
<emphasis id="7F2899D7A5FABA36DFC3FFED2A463063" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">N. figulus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Dalyell, 1853) and
<taxonomicName id="3F57DDBACC14C837F6BD2092E0C5D066" lsidName="N. robusta" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" rank="species" species="robusta">
<emphasis id="2EEA57FE692D7B04D60A55C6A2FBC499" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">N. robusta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Johnson, 1901), as well as six species belonging to the other terebelline genera:
<taxonomicName id="9128B119B198E50A872EC5380245F842" class="Polychaeta" family="Terebellidae" genus="Amphitrite" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amphitrite cirrata" order="Terebellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="cirrata">
<emphasis id="2B808AE50CD9388677B93B7723C1411E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">Amphitrite cirrata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken id="4FC5D9CF9E7470D6EB5CBC1BF83B724B" originalValue="Müller">Mueller</normalizedToken>
, 1776,
<taxonomicName id="DAB78AD0B680530F3B966F530FF2AEE2" class="Polychaeta" family="Terebellidae" genus="Nicolea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nicolea zostericola" order="Terebellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="zostericola">
<emphasis id="7B5BC72E9367F0E84E2B67C54952E925" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">Nicolea zostericola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken id="162E7FB60A46B74BCCC48532DA15A3E4" originalValue="Örsted">Oersted</normalizedToken>
, 1844,
<taxonomicName id="406D1105BF4ABDDE01FE8EAAA8839909" authorityName="Marenzeller" authorityYear="1884" class="Polychaeta" family="Terebellidae" genus="Pista" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pista maculata" order="Terebellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="maculata">
<emphasis id="7C62BCD11F3DAC5079CAF069AEB8FEAA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">Pista maculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Dalyell, 1853),
<taxonomicName id="39A8C110E851857804653F1E0C866B3F" class="Polychaeta" family="Terebellidae" genus="Pista" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pista wui" order="Terebellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="wui">
<emphasis id="530AADC53523CC97C03C415CB3CC13CE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">Pista wui</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Safronova, 1988,
<taxonomicName id="21120E62EB769045AC2E2C33FC25A16A" authorityName="Moore" authorityYear="1903" class="Polychaeta" family="Terebellidae" genus="Loimia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Loimia arborea" order="Terebellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="arborea">
<emphasis id="4A6381AAD7A4C2069B9D811CACB61135" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">Loimia arborea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Moore, 1903, and
<taxonomicName id="55F03E75FEC1A20A469701999DE30B68" baseAuthorityName="Savigny" baseAuthorityYear="1822" class="Polychaeta" family="Terebellidae" genus="Loimia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Loimia medusa" order="Terebellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="medusa">
<emphasis id="A52EF672FB6FA50CCAAAE1FCFA757159" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">Loimia medusa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Savigny, 1822).
<taxonomicName id="6E7781B1ABFFB7E5CA25E8B7EE62AEA8" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1780" class="Polychaeta" family="Terebellidae" genus="Thelepus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Thelepus cincinnatus" order="Terebellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="cincinnatus">
<emphasis id="5FEE6E10D4BB34FDE1F6606A8C5B30E9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">Thelepus cincinnatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Fabricius, 1780) was used as the outgroup. GenBank accession numbers are represented in Table
<tableCitation id="63F9D9197DAABBC95E1D6E3D4A93F423" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. GenBank accession numbers for COI sequences obtained in the present study." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/43455085FC86ED9C879A3E46267BD90A" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" tableUuid="43455085FC86ED9C879A3E46267BD90A">1</tableCitation>
. Inter-specific genetic distances between the new species and two
<taxonomicName id="89060F72DB5B22C53E49694739FAAB38" authorityName="Hessle" authorityYear="1917" class="Polychaeta" family="Terebellidae" genus="Neoamphitrite" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neoamphitrite" order="Terebellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FB19C9582169E9493D1D933739267CC6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">Neoamphitrite</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species, as measured by Kimura-2-parameter model, were distinct and ranged from 9.2 to 13.7%. The genetic distances between the new species and the six species in other genera ranged from 21.8 to 29.9%. In the maximum likelihood (ML) tree based on these genetic data (Fig.
<figureCitation id="AB8A3E7875A656B3B6F40AFAE99EE129" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Maximum likelihood (ML) tree showing phylogenetic relationship based on COI sequences of three Neoamphitrite species with seven related species assigned to other genera and a outgroup species. Numbers above the branch indicate ML bootstrap values from 1000 replication." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.943.48760.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/423502" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">4</figureCitation>
), all terebellid species showed specific validity. The new species was contained in a clade with
<taxonomicName id="648439A8BD6910E2BD497C6AC28A76AA" lsidName="N. figulus" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" rank="species" species="figulus">
<emphasis id="5ADDDA707B414DF23CEF528B1A515F25" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">N. figulus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="E10D5A099ABF9F6E58B8BB49736DBE45" lsidName="N. robusta" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" rank="species" species="robusta">
<emphasis id="20AB1DAC867968E726AEBC7B896C1787" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">N. robusta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. At the generic level, the
<taxonomicName id="F9799623106098046207EC391170F308" authorityName="Hessle" authorityYear="1917" class="Polychaeta" family="Terebellidae" genus="Neoamphitrite" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neoamphitrite" order="Terebellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="89A4AC587C51986C607C5CB06D2575A8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">Neoamphitrite</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
clade, including the new species, was closely related to
<taxonomicName id="84701A3F36FD0B034403F339381261D8" lsidName="A. cirrata" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" rank="species" species="cirrata">
<emphasis id="2CA02D5F508B2A3903696D4FE7C57266" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">A. cirrata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, agreeing with the taxonomic view that
<taxonomicName id="C98F7C9C5F41B96029E1C01A0E713C96" authorityName="Hessle" authorityYear="1917" class="Polychaeta" family="Terebellidae" genus="Neoamphitrite" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neoamphitrite" order="Terebellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="410063C14B33C685F5AD7CD3F1071C6F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">Neoamphitrite</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4DF78004C1CEFAC9BA038653FBB1A3D9" class="Polychaeta" family="Terebellidae" genus="Amphitrite" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amphitrite" order="Terebellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6F7ACC42296EA8B2B52C3CFE4D97B172" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">Amphitrite</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
share many morphological features except for differences in the morphology of branchiae (Hessel 1917;
<bibRefCitation id="EA2C9CF2B59D4D3D3504E480AFB94513" author="Fauvel, P" journalOrPublisher="Faune de France" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" pagination="1 - 494" refId="B4" refString="Fauvel, P, 1927. Polychetes Sédentaires. Addenda aux. Errantes Archiannelides, Myzostomaires. Faune de France 16: 1 - 494" title="Polychetes Se ́ dentaires. Addenda aux. Errantes Archiannelides, Myzostomaires." volume="16" year="1927">Fauvel 1927</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="0FD57E383C28BDF89C4E4742F5E73814" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3853/j.0067-1975.40.1988.150" author="Hutchings, PA" journalOrPublisher="Records of the Australian Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" pagination="1 - 60" refId="B8" refString="Hutchings, PA, Glasby, CJ, 1988. The Amphitritinae (Polychaeta: Terebellidae) from Australia. Records of the Australian Museum 40: 1 - 60, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3853/j.0067-1975.40.1988.150" title="The Amphitritinae (Polychaeta: Terebellidae) from Australia." url="https://doi.org/10.3853/j.0067-1975.40.1988.150" volume="40" year="1988">Hutchings and Glasby 1988</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="609D87EB7E94E79376B4B189D809BB98" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1017/S0025315411000658" author="Reuscher, M" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" pagination="997 - 1012" refId="B13" refString="Reuscher, M, Fiege, D, Wehe, T, 2012. Terebellomorph polychaetes from hydrothermal vents and cold seeps with the description of two new species of Terebellidae (Annelida: Polychaeta) representing the first records of the family from deep-sea vents. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 92: 997 - 1012, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0025315411000658" title="Terebellomorph polychaetes from hydrothermal vents and cold seeps with the description of two new species of Terebellidae (Annelida: Polychaeta) representing the first records of the family from deep-sea vents." url="https://doi.org/10.1017/S0025315411000658" volume="92" year="2012">Reuscher et al. 2012</bibRefCitation>
). However,
<taxonomicName id="B17B242BE2FD0988BB510A43D253017D" authorityName="Hessle" authorityYear="1917" class="Polychaeta" family="Terebellidae" genus="Neoamphitrite" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neoamphitrite" order="Terebellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="0EFDCF2C855C9E2A85959CEA88662936" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">Neoamphitrite</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was monophyletic and clearly distinguishable from
<taxonomicName id="3A7305261652C8D4DC790A78BE9D5767" lsidName="A. cirrata" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" rank="species" species="cirrata">
<emphasis id="EF6C792FE8B789DCEFA349E6673D5CFC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">A. cirrata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the ML tree, supporting the known morphological differences between two genera (Hessel 1917;
<bibRefCitation id="8652B92A4BC42BC5A17A3EDBB6E34A10" author="Fauvel, P" journalOrPublisher="Faune de France" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" pagination="1 - 494" refId="B4" refString="Fauvel, P, 1927. Polychetes Sédentaires. Addenda aux. Errantes Archiannelides, Myzostomaires. Faune de France 16: 1 - 494" title="Polychetes Se ́ dentaires. Addenda aux. Errantes Archiannelides, Myzostomaires." volume="16" year="1927">Fauvel 1927</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="AE3173F365662EB2F5B55BB03012BEF3" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3853/j.0067-1975.40.1988.150" author="Hutchings, PA" journalOrPublisher="Records of the Australian Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" pagination="1 - 60" refId="B8" refString="Hutchings, PA, Glasby, CJ, 1988. The Amphitritinae (Polychaeta: Terebellidae) from Australia. Records of the Australian Museum 40: 1 - 60, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3853/j.0067-1975.40.1988.150" title="The Amphitritinae (Polychaeta: Terebellidae) from Australia." url="https://doi.org/10.3853/j.0067-1975.40.1988.150" volume="40" year="1988">Hutchings and Glasby 1988</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="10EDA725BF8390EE7334B232BBC9EDB9" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1017/S0025315411000658" author="Reuscher, M" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" pagination="997 - 1012" refId="B13" refString="Reuscher, M, Fiege, D, Wehe, T, 2012. Terebellomorph polychaetes from hydrothermal vents and cold seeps with the description of two new species of Terebellidae (Annelida: Polychaeta) representing the first records of the family from deep-sea vents. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 92: 997 - 1012, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0025315411000658" title="Terebellomorph polychaetes from hydrothermal vents and cold seeps with the description of two new species of Terebellidae (Annelida: Polychaeta) representing the first records of the family from deep-sea vents." url="https://doi.org/10.1017/S0025315411000658" volume="92" year="2012">Reuscher et al. 2012</bibRefCitation>
). Despite our results, further genetic studies with additional data and including more species of
<taxonomicName id="E3C7A1837803BA4D5DE09123057CC4ED" authorityName="Hessle" authorityYear="1917" class="Polychaeta" family="Terebellidae" genus="Neoamphitrite" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neoamphitrite" order="Terebellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6D886EFE28A0973FD924B0755444EFA6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">Neoamphitrite</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="40D8BB17CAA28C2A9AD3CBD65D202949" class="Polychaeta" family="Terebellidae" genus="Amphitrite" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amphitrite" order="Terebellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="3782D69B6B940AB89D644268F90982D7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">Amphitrite</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are needed to confirm the phylogenetic relationship between the two genera.
</paragraph>
<caption id="43455085FC86ED9C879A3E46267BD90A" ID-Table-UUID="43455085FC86ED9C879A3E46267BD90A" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/43455085FC86ED9C879A3E46267BD90A" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" start="Table 1" startId="T1">
<paragraph id="D58C14162FDFBCAE7043CEAECDA2B294" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">
<emphasis id="876EF8A4216EADDF8649611DF9F56C0B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">Table 1.</emphasis>
GenBank accession numbers for COI sequences obtained in the present study.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="AE4CAE56363FC4FC160EB1CF0836ABDE" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">
<table id="2DF2B11E6252AFBEB22581396E00E277" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">
<tr id="61D528181A18F9504F1D0EEC967747C2" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">
<th id="C891D38E81F3D30FE9D1A5B8148674AA" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" rowspan="1">Species</th>
<th id="47D1FF36B341B2DF7D63931184A34D86" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" rowspan="1">Genbank accession number</th>
<th id="E69A251DAB7DA539CFBD3CD277E660D9" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" rowspan="1">Data source</th>
</tr>
<tr id="9F89CCF8618A545125844ACA745000EE" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">
<td id="54F586F2BA0CE010377D9795382C6660" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="BF42B82074FE5F2D6B0B16A504C68855" authorityName="Choi &amp; Kim &amp; Yoon" authorityYear="2020" class="Polychaeta" family="Terebellidae" genus="Neoamphitrite" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neoamphitrite undevigintipes" order="Terebellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="undevigintipes">
<emphasis id="AFC0A87F111D8493E94EEC04E4DCA4EF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">Neoamphitrite undevigintipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov.
</td>
<td id="566238AF803F845695A0B239FC3D1115" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" rowspan="1">MN306311-MN306313</td>
<td id="C36AE19C551E8A22A383C70196AB7D59" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" rowspan="1">Present study</td>
</tr>
<tr id="397D6FD6AB60BA9BC9B08C98F52E8496" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">
<td id="72B589D4665B2634E5B71D487552E898" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="759EA59E35D8CDB28A8585C176831AF3" baseAuthorityName="Dalyell" baseAuthorityYear="1853" class="Polychaeta" family="Terebellidae" genus="Neoamphitrite" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neoamphitrite figulus" order="Terebellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="figulus">
<emphasis id="63BBC2F2FB89E39720F124B8DB553823" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">Neoamphitrite figulus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="1B81C4D94E08DBB1C02682F4C77899AE" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" rowspan="1">HQ023982-HQ023984</td>
<td id="0EDDAFD9A5A492A801C04A161AD48CC7" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" rowspan="1">
<bibRefCitation id="9A5E9B697AE6462005DECD634E5AF33A" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0022232" author="Carr, CM" journalOrPublisher="Siboga-Expeditie" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" refId="B2" refString="Carr, CM, Hardy, SM, Brown, TM, Macdonald, TA, Hebert, PD, 2011. A tri-oceanic perspective: DNA barcoding reveals geographic structure and cryptic diversity in Canadian polychaetes. PLoS ONE 6: e22232. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0022232" title="A tri-oceanic perspective: DNA barcoding reveals geographic structure and cryptic diversity in Canadian polychaetes. PLoS ONE 6: e 22232." url="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0022232" year="2011">Carr et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="89B711ECA6B1BDD97EC4A62377142188" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">
<td id="526EC643659868E676E68154D57BBF49" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="0399FC5D0B50CC9FAF4C78F9595F5FA9" baseAuthorityName="Johnson" baseAuthorityYear="1901" class="Polychaeta" family="Terebellidae" genus="Neoamphitrite" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neoamphitrite robusta" order="Terebellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="robusta">
<emphasis id="8C2346D41C58633DCFEB865098C138E5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">Neoamphitrite robusta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="ED021C0D590BF051F67290A9BE0D9EA8" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" rowspan="1">HM473490, HM473492</td>
<td id="52F29D6239DE50DEDB942D0629CCE245" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" rowspan="1">
<bibRefCitation id="959F3BDE6B6440751168F706CC959649" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0022232" author="Carr, CM" journalOrPublisher="Siboga-Expeditie" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" refId="B2" refString="Carr, CM, Hardy, SM, Brown, TM, Macdonald, TA, Hebert, PD, 2011. A tri-oceanic perspective: DNA barcoding reveals geographic structure and cryptic diversity in Canadian polychaetes. PLoS ONE 6: e22232. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0022232" title="A tri-oceanic perspective: DNA barcoding reveals geographic structure and cryptic diversity in Canadian polychaetes. PLoS ONE 6: e 22232." url="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0022232" year="2011">Carr et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="1CA4051B88280709FD090F23979BA599" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">
<td id="232E792758F43BA7C82A390F541AAA8C" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" rowspan="2">
<taxonomicName id="3FB19CAD5D5285E13ACE42DBA773ED20" class="Polychaeta" family="Terebellidae" genus="Amphitrite" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amphitrite cirrata" order="Terebellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="cirrata">
<emphasis id="6B8553086202F83725C11C818E604F11" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">Amphitrite cirrata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="09EEF441B41328B3E90B759A81E93390" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" rowspan="1">HQ023919, HQ023920, HQ024485</td>
<td id="DDC9EB40E5DF61C313654FBA1CEC3D4F" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" rowspan="1">
<bibRefCitation id="D5A8CC3E95305636F77C94012E81A18A" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0022232" author="Carr, CM" journalOrPublisher="Siboga-Expeditie" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" refId="B2" refString="Carr, CM, Hardy, SM, Brown, TM, Macdonald, TA, Hebert, PD, 2011. A tri-oceanic perspective: DNA barcoding reveals geographic structure and cryptic diversity in Canadian polychaetes. PLoS ONE 6: e22232. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0022232" title="A tri-oceanic perspective: DNA barcoding reveals geographic structure and cryptic diversity in Canadian polychaetes. PLoS ONE 6: e 22232." url="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0022232" year="2011">Carr et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="0560843BC643A8DD1EBDC1F3932EB274" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">
<td id="7621BCC8586F0A8BFDCC40C31E7DB5D5" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" rowspan="1">MF121320, MF121320, MF121477</td>
<td id="EBA5747CC4C6829F8A631373A0ADA9D4" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" rowspan="1">
<bibRefCitation id="4533E9DE5E58D0C04C1D86613C882936" author="Telfer, A" journalOrPublisher="Molecular Biology and Evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" refId="B16" refString="Telfer, A, Dewaard, J, 2017. Centre for Biodiversity Genomics (BIOUG) - Marine Invertebrates. University of Guelph. Occurrence dataset." title="Centre for Biodiversity Genomics (BIOUG) - Marine Invertebrates. University of Guelph. Occurrence dataset." year="2017">Telfer and Dewaard 2017</bibRefCitation>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="69AA6AAB70B6E4B33A8F5CE7522D01C8" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">
<td id="86372C8FCB9B4E9AD7708CBA59C508A7" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="1D850FCAFC0423915AE1CF9B37B6F818" class="Polychaeta" family="Terebellidae" genus="Nicolea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nicolea zostericola" order="Terebellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="zostericola">
<emphasis id="07880FDC84DBD70457B6C42EA76899A7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">Nicolea zostericola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="AE495F20536C4E47273528B5525B8A1B" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" rowspan="1">HQ023618, HQ023619, HQ024406</td>
<td id="936B8F970D66B695CF2959E1C2B5129C" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" rowspan="1">
<bibRefCitation id="0F1470B669FF57C3FC151DB8D0EF0DC1" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0022232" author="Carr, CM" journalOrPublisher="Siboga-Expeditie" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" refId="B2" refString="Carr, CM, Hardy, SM, Brown, TM, Macdonald, TA, Hebert, PD, 2011. A tri-oceanic perspective: DNA barcoding reveals geographic structure and cryptic diversity in Canadian polychaetes. PLoS ONE 6: e22232. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0022232" title="A tri-oceanic perspective: DNA barcoding reveals geographic structure and cryptic diversity in Canadian polychaetes. PLoS ONE 6: e 22232." url="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0022232" year="2011">Carr et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="F922FE236D14F5E9092524BDB563F607" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">
<td id="68682AF030A67E3D44D4D5BB03CE1635" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="36B8160E7984235792FD2D8FF2A3B583" authorityName="Marenzeller" authorityYear="1884" class="Polychaeta" family="Terebellidae" genus="Pista" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pista maculata" order="Terebellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="maculata">
<emphasis id="7B48587AED8E406B8AA3FCAA69C2FFFE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">Pista maculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="5762BC2FC70EAE6606C3663D0E71F7E4" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" rowspan="1">HQ023774-HQ023776</td>
<td id="1980067B88AFC725C4C8EAD72AFAE820" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" rowspan="1">
<bibRefCitation id="88B6A95CC3E9C3978800ADFCD1F4765F" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0022232" author="Carr, CM" journalOrPublisher="Siboga-Expeditie" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" refId="B2" refString="Carr, CM, Hardy, SM, Brown, TM, Macdonald, TA, Hebert, PD, 2011. A tri-oceanic perspective: DNA barcoding reveals geographic structure and cryptic diversity in Canadian polychaetes. PLoS ONE 6: e22232. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0022232" title="A tri-oceanic perspective: DNA barcoding reveals geographic structure and cryptic diversity in Canadian polychaetes. PLoS ONE 6: e 22232." url="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0022232" year="2011">Carr et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="986F146CC761C5794AF44C5D2299A0F9" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">
<td id="F73BF0E320969182572E92385C6CE4F8" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="6A80CCAE4DDE39AE1F4B2830F822A67D" class="Polychaeta" family="Terebellidae" genus="Pista" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pista wui" order="Terebellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="wui">
<emphasis id="E2CE3EA8F5911421189A1B83C4A39DCF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">Pista wui</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="B947C2E26F4FA92BA042AC5115FD3F98" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" rowspan="1">HM473586-HM473588</td>
<td id="19E99466AE8ECD73338C880D9E179DCE" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" rowspan="1">
<bibRefCitation id="44580033D93C52099A484FFB8D39864A" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0022232" author="Carr, CM" journalOrPublisher="Siboga-Expeditie" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" refId="B2" refString="Carr, CM, Hardy, SM, Brown, TM, Macdonald, TA, Hebert, PD, 2011. A tri-oceanic perspective: DNA barcoding reveals geographic structure and cryptic diversity in Canadian polychaetes. PLoS ONE 6: e22232. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0022232" title="A tri-oceanic perspective: DNA barcoding reveals geographic structure and cryptic diversity in Canadian polychaetes. PLoS ONE 6: e 22232." url="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0022232" year="2011">Carr et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="F52D52B5D5FD5E413C3444DE90F8AB04" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">
<td id="186DEE3B67050F4718EA8896DE1C0D27" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="E795EB49DF5BAF6F293DAD3F4F8059B5" authorityName="Moore" authorityYear="1903" class="Polychaeta" family="Terebellidae" genus="Loimia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Loimia arborea" order="Terebellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="arborea">
<emphasis id="3317D180775445A290301D7F459D7EBA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">Loimia arborea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="5AE2287972C2D96F2F46730872190D25" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" rowspan="1">HM473449</td>
<td id="3FD9C35DA4BDE7C2193DC1A1E6578C1B" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" rowspan="1">
<bibRefCitation id="4EA8D3FD1CFCE001DEEA4804BA6871A2" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0022232" author="Carr, CM" journalOrPublisher="Siboga-Expeditie" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" refId="B2" refString="Carr, CM, Hardy, SM, Brown, TM, Macdonald, TA, Hebert, PD, 2011. A tri-oceanic perspective: DNA barcoding reveals geographic structure and cryptic diversity in Canadian polychaetes. PLoS ONE 6: e22232. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0022232" title="A tri-oceanic perspective: DNA barcoding reveals geographic structure and cryptic diversity in Canadian polychaetes. PLoS ONE 6: e 22232." url="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0022232" year="2011">Carr et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="F764BE7A32E4B1E235E41390278CF1A3" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">
<td id="9AADD5BF81C7E3FC4073AED6F5D2DF8E" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="66CD11E576002E4579E461436239EE40" baseAuthorityName="Savigny" baseAuthorityYear="1822" class="Polychaeta" family="Terebellidae" genus="Loimia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Loimia medusa" order="Terebellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="medusa">
<emphasis id="2930081C6C5362B140743B522D8EBA33" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">Loimia medusa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="D7DE597352FA903E9ABCD4C3AA104D36" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" rowspan="1">AY040704</td>
<td id="AD399462576A1148CC4ACF2145BFF710" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" rowspan="1">Siddall et al. 2011</td>
</tr>
<tr id="D747F2E171D3DA9F158A15F2ACF8F708" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">
<td id="5C68A20A0BDD156ED43A5D62A50D80EA" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="0EEC0A56E28F230B39AAE5C5508488B0" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1780" class="Polychaeta" family="Terebellidae" genus="Thelepus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Thelepus cincinnatus" order="Terebellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="cincinnatus">
<emphasis id="7E70593020DD1B72FECD66E6CF66DF36" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">Thelepus cincinnatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(outgroup)
</td>
<td id="64CEA9B473DB021E546DE87D2E38D47E" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" rowspan="1">HQ024486</td>
<td id="24AEAA65FDF6BD097753CEFD223B5B92" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" rowspan="1">
<bibRefCitation id="E9B40DEBFC596102E82B4D312E2D7201" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0022232" author="Carr, CM" journalOrPublisher="Siboga-Expeditie" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" refId="B2" refString="Carr, CM, Hardy, SM, Brown, TM, Macdonald, TA, Hebert, PD, 2011. A tri-oceanic perspective: DNA barcoding reveals geographic structure and cryptic diversity in Canadian polychaetes. PLoS ONE 6: e22232. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0022232" title="A tri-oceanic perspective: DNA barcoding reveals geographic structure and cryptic diversity in Canadian polychaetes. PLoS ONE 6: e 22232." url="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0022232" year="2011">Carr et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<caption id="F04E8995C2E3118DCBA5DA620BD0A9E7" doi="10.3897/zookeys.943.48760.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/423502" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" start="Figure 4" startId="F4">
<paragraph id="AE3F632C3628A0EA5F3B5DF07DE7FF94" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">
<emphasis id="6B62D9DEA2F99231B7CC75CA547FE397" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">Figure 4.</emphasis>
Maximum likelihood (ML) tree showing phylogenetic relationship based on COI sequences of three
<taxonomicName id="AAFD4AF468BF476C6D110C04DED08562" authorityName="Hessle" authorityYear="1917" class="Polychaeta" family="Terebellidae" genus="Neoamphitrite" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neoamphitrite" order="Terebellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="465C0159210A3CFD02FEBA85C0BA8A4F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">Neoamphitrite</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species with seven related species assigned to other genera and a outgroup species. Numbers above the branch indicate ML bootstrap values from 1000 replication.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>