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<document id="FA827915B60E05700C491CA19E3A068F" ID-DOI="10.37828/em.2023.65.4" ID-ISSN="2336-9744" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13246318" ID-ZooBank="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:12E2157F-D422-492F-8446-768018FD52DA" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1722971557635" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Volynkin, Anton V." docDate="2023" docId="9768878B3E4AFFC0FF670F8A1B7E24AA" docLanguage="en" docName="EcolMontenegrina.65.24-39.pdf" docOrigin="Ecologica Montenegrina 65" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.37828/em.2023.65.4" docStyle="DocumentStyle:3485E46B0EDC64DBF2992EDE30BFB5AE.2:EcolMontenegrina.2017-.journal_article" docStyleId="3485E46B0EDC64DBF2992EDE30BFB5AE" docStyleName="EcolMontenegrina.2017-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Lithosiccia Volynkin, 2023, gen. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="12B9A5B3-152F-4870-AEA4-E924A0CC5ED0" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="27" masterDocId="6B51FFF33E48FFC3FFF00D4E182E2672" masterDocTitle="Lithosiccia, a new genus with four new species from mainland Africa (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini)" masterLastPageNumber="39" masterPageNumber="24" pageNumber="26" updateTime="1722978701491" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="4BE0285A18EF5406747FBBC84E4DD5DF">Lithosiccia, a new genus with four new species from mainland Africa (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="F4D9E89708FCEC95FAF90116AD2169D8">Volynkin, Anton V.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="37C1146DF955A413CC33AB3F637B6EE9" type="ORCID">0000-0001-9447-4925</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="00DACFEC1BA1606D914E9BB91CBA03A4">The African Natural History Research Trust (ANHRT), Street Court Leominster, Kingsland, HR 6 9 QA, UK. E-mail: anton @ anhrt. org. uk; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 9447 - 4925 &amp; Altai State University, Lenina Avenue 61, RF- 656049, Barnaul, Russia.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="A47DF1C52705B360320582D9FBA4B465">Ecologica Montenegrina</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="5049994E88DAA9085666035FFA32A04E">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="3094D7D04822879A5184ACB9B8A63750">65</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="382D2C4EA1CE76568E7C135C02F0F0C7" type="DOI">10.37828/em.2023.65.4</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="9768878B3E4AFFC0FF670F8A1B7E24AA" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:12B9A5B3-152F-4870-AEA4-E924A0CC5ED0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/9768878B3E4AFFC0FF670F8A1B7E24AA" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="27" pageId="2" pageNumber="26">
<subSubSection id="57DB65163E4AFFC1FF670F8A1CAF2489" pageId="2" pageNumber="26" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="1F7E369D3E4AFFC1FF670F8A195924AC" blockId="2.[151,1153,708,797]" box="[151,375,708,734]" pageId="2" pageNumber="26">
<heading id="443681F13E4AFFC1FF670F8A195924AC" box="[151,375,708,734]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="26" reason="2">
<emphasis id="2DB5EA8F3E4AFFC1FF670F8A195924AC" bold="true" box="[151,375,708,734]" pageId="2" pageNumber="26">
<taxonomicName id="D8C14D1E3E4AFFC1FF670F8A193324AC" ID-CoL="BS8ST" authorityName="Volynkin" authorityYear="2023" box="[151,285,708,734]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Lithosiccia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="2DB5EA8F3E4AFFC1FF670F8A193324AC" bold="true" box="[151,285,708,734]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="26">Lithosiccia</emphasis>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="368657F43E4AFFC1FED40F8A195924AC" box="[292,375,708,734]" pageId="2" pageNumber="26" rank="genus">gen. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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https://zoobank.org/
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<subSubSection id="57DB65163E4AFFC1FF670E4D1A74256F" box="[151,602,771,797]" pageId="2" pageNumber="26" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="1F7E369D3E4AFFC1FF670E4D1A74256F" blockId="2.[151,1153,708,797]" box="[151,602,771,797]" pageId="2" pageNumber="26">
<typeStatus id="C07A883F3E4AFFC1FF670E4D18FD256F" box="[151,211,771,797]" pageId="2" pageNumber="26">Type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="D8C14D1E3E4AFFC1FECF0E4D1A3F256F" authorityName="Volynkin" authorityYear="2023" box="[319,529,771,797]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Lithosiccia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="smithi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="2DB5EA8F3E4AFFC1FECF0E4D1A3F256F" box="[319,529,771,797]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="26">Lithosiccia smithi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="2DB5EA8F3E4AFFC1FDE80E4D1A74256F" bold="true" box="[536,602,771,797]" pageId="2" pageNumber="26">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="368657F43E4AFFC1FDE80E4D1A74256F" box="[536,602,771,797]" pageId="2" pageNumber="26" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="57DB65163E4AFFC1FF670E091C0F2057" pageId="2" pageNumber="26" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="1F7E369D3E4AFFC1FF670E091C0F2057" blockId="2.[151,1437,839,2045]" pageId="2" pageNumber="26">
<emphasis id="2DB5EA8F3E4AFFC1FF670E0919392513" bold="true" box="[151,279,839,865]" pageId="2" pageNumber="26">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
The new genus is hereby assigned to the tribe
<taxonomicName id="D8C14D1E3E4AFFC1FC770E091C2B2513" box="[903,1029,839,865]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Cisthenina">Cisthenina</taxonomicName>
and its species (
<figureCitation id="87FA2A183E4AFFC1FB130E091D4F2513" box="[1251,1377,839,865]" captionStart-0="Figures 2–10" captionStart-1="Figures 11–19" captionStartId-0="5.[151,237,1968,1991]" captionStartId-1="6.[151,237,1965,1988]" captionTargetBox-0="[171,1408,190,1911]" captionTargetBox-1="[160,1431,200,1911]" captionTargetId-0="figure-8@5.[151,1436,189,1928]" captionTargetId-1="figure-9@6.[151,1436,189,1928]" captionTargetPageId-0="5" captionTargetPageId-1="6" captionText-0="Figures 2–10. Lithosiccia spp.: adults. Depositories of the specimens: 2 in CMNH (photo by V. Verdecia); 3 in GMF- B; 4, 7 and 8 in NHMUK (©The Trustees of NHMUK); 5, 6, 9 and 10 in ANHRT." captionText-1="Figures 11–19. Lithosiccia smithi (11–15), Palaeosiccia punctata (16, 17), and Siccia caffra (18, 19): adults. Depositories of the specimens: 11–13 and 17 in ANHRT; 14 and 15 in GMF-B; 16 and 19 in NHMUK (©The Trustees of NHMUK); 18 in MfN." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13246322" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13246324" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/13246322/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/13246324/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="26">Figs 2–15</figureCitation>
) are externally reminiscent of
<taxonomicName id="D8C14D1E3E4AFFC1FE3D0E261A4B25F0" authorityName="Hampson" authorityYear="1900" box="[461,613,872,898]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Palaeosiccia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2DB5EA8F3E4AFFC1FE3D0E261A4B25F0" box="[461,613,872,898]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="26">Palaeosiccia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<typeStatus id="C07A883F3E4AFFC1FD870E261A8525F0" box="[631,683,872,898]" pageId="2" pageNumber="26">type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="D8C14D1E3E4AFFC1FCEC0E261CC325F0" authority="Hampson, 1900" authorityName="Hampson" authorityYear="1900" box="[796,1261,872,898]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Palaeosiccia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctata">
<emphasis id="2DB5EA8F3E4AFFC1FCEC0E261C0B25F0" box="[796,1061,872,898]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="26">Palaeosiccia punctata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="7B504B6C3E4AFFC1FBDF0E261CC325F0" author="Hampson, G. F." box="[1071,1261,872,898]" pageId="2" pageNumber="26" refId="ref7289" refString="Hampson, G. F. (1900) Catalogue of the Arctiadae (Nolinae, Lithosianae) in the British Museum. Catalogue of the Lepidoptera Phalaenae in the British Museum. Vol. 2. Trustees of the British Museum, London, pp. 1 - 590." type="book" year="1900">Hampson, 1900</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
) (
<figureCitation id="87FA2A183E4AFFC1FAF80E261DBA25F0" box="[1288,1428,872,898]" captionStart="Figures 11–19" captionStartId="6.[151,237,1965,1988]" captionTargetBox="[160,1431,200,1911]" captionTargetId="figure-9@6.[151,1436,189,1928]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figures 11–19. Lithosiccia smithi (11–15), Palaeosiccia punctata (16, 17), and Siccia caffra (18, 19): adults. Depositories of the specimens: 11–13 and 17 in ANHRT; 14 and 15 in GMF-B; 16 and 19 in NHMUK (©The Trustees of NHMUK); 18 in MfN." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13246324" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13246324/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="26">Figs 16, 17</figureCitation>
) due to their relatively broad forewing and the bipectinate male antenna but are distinguished by the brown or ochreous forewing ground colour (it is off-white or pale greyish in
<taxonomicName id="D8C14D1E3E4AFFC1FC2C0EE21C5D25B4" authorityName="Hampson" authorityYear="1900" box="[988,1139,940,966]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Palaeosiccia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2DB5EA8F3E4AFFC1FC2C0EE21C5D25B4" box="[988,1139,940,966]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="26">Palaeosiccia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), and the dark, greyish-brown or grey hindwing ground colour in males, which is markedly paler, off-white or slightly suffused with grey in the similar genus. Compared to another
<taxonomicName id="D8C14D1E3E4AFFC1FD290EA11B79227B" box="[729,855,1007,1033]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Cisthenina">Cisthenina</taxonomicName>
genus occurring in the Afrotropics,
<taxonomicName id="D8C14D1E3E4AFFC1FAFF0EA11D78227B" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1854" box="[1295,1366,1007,1033]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Siccia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2DB5EA8F3E4AFFC1FAFF0EA11D78227B" box="[1295,1366,1007,1033]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="26">Siccia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<typeStatus id="C07A883F3E4AFFC1FA980EA11DB2227B" box="[1384,1436,1007,1033]" pageId="2" pageNumber="26">type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="D8C14D1E3E4AFFC1FF0C095F1A142259" authority="Walker, 1854" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1854" box="[252,570,1041,1067]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Siccia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caffra">
<emphasis id="2DB5EA8F3E4AFFC1FF0C095F19BF2259" box="[252,401,1041,1067]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="26">Siccia caffra</emphasis>
Walker, 1854
</taxonomicName>
) (
<figureCitation id="87FA2A183E4AFFC1FDA2095F1AF72259" box="[594,729,1041,1067]" captionStart="Figures 11–19" captionStartId="6.[151,237,1965,1988]" captionTargetBox="[160,1431,200,1911]" captionTargetId="figure-9@6.[151,1436,189,1928]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figures 11–19. Lithosiccia smithi (11–15), Palaeosiccia punctata (16, 17), and Siccia caffra (18, 19): adults. Depositories of the specimens: 11–13 and 17 in ANHRT; 14 and 15 in GMF-B; 16 and 19 in NHMUK (©The Trustees of NHMUK); 18 in MfN." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13246324" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13246324/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="26">Figs 18, 19</figureCitation>
), species of
<taxonomicName id="D8C14D1E3E4AFFC1FC9B095F1BC02259" authorityName="Volynkin" authorityYear="2023" box="[875,1006,1041,1067]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Lithosiccia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2DB5EA8F3E4AFFC1FC9B095F1BC02259" box="[875,1006,1041,1067]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="26">Lithosiccia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have a relatively broader and darker coloured forewing, but the reliable generic identification requires the examination of the copulatory organs. The male genital capsule of
<taxonomicName id="D8C14D1E3E4AFFC1FE1D091B1A5E221D" authorityName="Volynkin" authorityYear="2023" box="[493,624,1109,1135]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Lithosiccia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2DB5EA8F3E4AFFC1FE1D091B1A5E221D" box="[493,624,1109,1135]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="26">Lithosiccia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="87FA2A183E4AFFC1FD72091B1B24221D" box="[642,778,1109,1135]" captionStart-0="Figures 20–22" captionStart-1="Figures 23–25" captionStart-2="Figures 26–28" captionStart-3="Figures 29–31" captionStartId-0="8.[151,237,1968,1991]" captionStartId-1="9.[151,237,1968,1991]" captionStartId-2="10.[151,237,1968,1991]" captionStartId-3="12.[151,237,1968,1991]" captionTargetBox-0="[164,1365,198,1906]" captionTargetBox-1="[164,1411,192,1906]" captionTargetBox-2="[158,1419,221,1906]" captionTargetBox-3="[182,1404,204,1906]" captionTargetId-0="figure-9@8.[151,1436,189,1928]" captionTargetId-1="figure-8@9.[151,1436,189,1928]" captionTargetId-2="figure-9@10.[151,1436,189,1928]" captionTargetId-3="figure-9@12.[151,1436,189,1928]" captionTargetPageId-0="8" captionTargetPageId-1="9" captionTargetPageId-2="10" captionTargetPageId-3="12" captionText-0="Figures 20–22. Lithosiccia juvenis: male genitalia. Depositories of the specimens dissected: 20 in ANHRT; 21 in GMF- B; 22 in NHMUK (©The Trustees of NHMUK)." captionText-1="Figures 23–25. Lithosiccia spp.: male genitalia. Depositories of the specimens dissected: 23 in ANHRT; 24 and 25 in NHMUK (©The Trustees of NHMUK)." captionText-2="Figures 26–28. Lithosiccia spp.: male genitalia. The specimens dissected are deposited in ANHRT." captionText-3="Figures 29–31. Lithosiccia smithi (29), Palaeosiccia punctata (30), and Siccia caffra (31): male genitalia. Depositories of the specimens dissected: 29 and 30 in ANHRT; 31 in HNHM." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13246326" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13246328" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13246331" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13246335" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/13246326/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/13246328/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/13246331/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/13246335/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="26">Figs 20–29</figureCitation>
) is distinguished from both
<taxonomicName id="D8C14D1E3E4AFFC1FBAF091B1CD9221D" authorityName="Hampson" authorityYear="1900" box="[1119,1271,1109,1135]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Palaeosiccia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2DB5EA8F3E4AFFC1FBAF091B1CD9221D" box="[1119,1271,1109,1135]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="26">Palaeosiccia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="87FA2A183E4AFFC1FAF9091B1D4F221D" box="[1289,1377,1109,1135]" captionStart="Figures 29–31" captionStartId="12.[151,237,1968,1991]" captionTargetBox="[182,1404,204,1906]" captionTargetId="figure-9@12.[151,1436,189,1928]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figures 29–31. Lithosiccia smithi (29), Palaeosiccia punctata (30), and Siccia caffra (31): male genitalia. Depositories of the specimens dissected: 29 and 30 in ANHRT; 31 in HNHM." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13246335" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13246335/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="26">Fig. 30</figureCitation>
) and
<taxonomicName id="D8C14D1E3E4AFFC1FF67093818F122E2" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1854" box="[151,223,1142,1168]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Siccia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2DB5EA8F3E4AFFC1FF67093818F122E2" box="[151,223,1142,1168]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="26">Siccia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="87FA2A183E4AFFC1FF000938196622E2" box="[240,328,1142,1168]" captionStart="Figures 29–31" captionStartId="12.[151,237,1968,1991]" captionTargetBox="[182,1404,204,1906]" captionTargetId="figure-9@12.[151,1436,189,1928]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figures 29–31. Lithosiccia smithi (29), Palaeosiccia punctata (30), and Siccia caffra (31): male genitalia. Depositories of the specimens dissected: 29 and 30 in ANHRT; 31 in HNHM." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13246335" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13246335/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="26">Fig. 31</figureCitation>
, see also Volynkin (2023)) by the structure of the valva, which is clearly subdivided into the broad and long sacculus with an elongate and narrow distal process, and the costa extended distally into a narrow sclerotised process (called the ‘cucullus’ herein). Additionally, the tegumen of
<taxonomicName id="D8C14D1E3E4AFFC1FB6F09F41D0F22A6" authorityName="Volynkin" authorityYear="2023" box="[1183,1313,1210,1236]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Lithosiccia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2DB5EA8F3E4AFFC1FB6F09F41D0F22A6" box="[1183,1313,1210,1236]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="26">Lithosiccia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has broad but weakly sclerotised lobes anteriorly, which protrude into the intersegmental membrane connecting the genitalia with the abdomen cuticle, the feature characteristic of the genus. Another feature characteristic of the genus is the ductus ejaculatorius opening on the ventral side of the phallus whereas in
<taxonomicName id="D8C14D1E3E4AFFC1FB0D08511DBB234B" authorityName="Hampson" authorityYear="1900" box="[1277,1429,1311,1337]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Palaeosiccia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2DB5EA8F3E4AFFC1FB0D08511DBB234B" box="[1277,1429,1311,1337]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="26">Palaeosiccia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="D8C14D1E3E4AFFC1FF67080F18F12329" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1854" box="[151,223,1345,1371]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Siccia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2DB5EA8F3E4AFFC1FF67080F18F12329" box="[151,223,1345,1371]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="26">Siccia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and other related genera, it opens dorsally. The female genitalia of the new genus (
<figureCitation id="87FA2A183E4AFFC1FB2B080F1D482329" box="[1243,1382,1345,1371]" captionStart="Figures 32–35" captionStartId="13.[151,237,1968,1991]" captionTargetBox="[214,1379,197,1908]" captionTargetId="figure-8@13.[151,1436,189,1928]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figures 32–35. Lithosiccia spp. (32, 33), Palaeosiccia punctata (34), and Siccia caffra (35): female genitalia. Depositories of the specimens dissected: 32 and 34 in ANHRT; 33 in GMF-B; 35 in MfN." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13246337" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13246337/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="26">Figs 32, 33</figureCitation>
) are distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="D8C14D1E3E4AFFC1FE8C082C1A3A230E" authorityName="Hampson" authorityYear="1900" box="[380,532,1378,1404]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Palaeosiccia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2DB5EA8F3E4AFFC1FE8C082C1A3A230E" box="[380,532,1378,1404]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="26">Palaeosiccia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="87FA2A183E4AFFC1FDD5082C1A54230E" box="[549,634,1378,1404]" captionStart="Figures 32–35" captionStartId="13.[151,237,1968,1991]" captionTargetBox="[214,1379,197,1908]" captionTargetId="figure-8@13.[151,1436,189,1928]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figures 32–35. Lithosiccia spp. (32, 33), Palaeosiccia punctata (34), and Siccia caffra (35): female genitalia. Depositories of the specimens dissected: 32 and 34 in ANHRT; 33 in GMF-B; 35 in MfN." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13246337" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13246337/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="26">Fig. 34</figureCitation>
) by the lack of the antevaginal plate and the lateral subostial plates, the corpus bursae bearing broad and dense clusters of robust spines, and the well-developed appendix bursae situated laterally or postero-laterally whereas it is reduced and situated postero-ventrally in the aforementioned genus. Compared to
<taxonomicName id="D8C14D1E3E4AFFC1FD9108891A862393" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1854" box="[609,680,1479,1505]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Siccia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2DB5EA8F3E4AFFC1FD9108891A862393" box="[609,680,1479,1505]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="26">Siccia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="87FA2A183E4AFFC1FD4E08891B352393" box="[702,795,1479,1505]" captionStart="Figures 32–35" captionStartId="13.[151,237,1968,1991]" captionTargetBox="[214,1379,197,1908]" captionTargetId="figure-8@13.[151,1436,189,1928]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figures 32–35. Lithosiccia spp. (32, 33), Palaeosiccia punctata (34), and Siccia caffra (35): female genitalia. Depositories of the specimens dissected: 32 and 34 in ANHRT; 33 in GMF-B; 35 in MfN." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13246337" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13246337/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="26">Fig. 35</figureCitation>
, see also Volynkin (2023)), the female genitalia of
<taxonomicName id="D8C14D1E3E4AFFC1FF6708A719342071" authorityName="Volynkin" authorityYear="2023" box="[151,282,1513,1539]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Lithosiccia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2DB5EA8F3E4AFFC1FF6708A719342071" box="[151,282,1513,1539]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="26">Lithosiccia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
lack the lateral subostial lobes. Additionally, the 8
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and the 7
<superScript id="E8B49BD53E4AFFC1FC0608A81C2A2384" attach="left" box="[1014,1028,1510,1526]" fontSize="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="26">th</superScript>
abdominal sternites of
<taxonomicName id="D8C14D1E3E4AFFC1FAEA08A71DB22071" authorityName="Volynkin" authorityYear="2023" box="[1306,1436,1513,1539]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Lithosiccia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2DB5EA8F3E4AFFC1FAEA08A71DB22071" box="[1306,1436,1513,1539]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="26">Lithosiccia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
bear lateral gelatinous pockets which are not found in
<taxonomicName id="D8C14D1E3E4AFFC1FCE40B451B822057" authorityName="Hampson" authorityYear="1900" box="[788,940,1547,1573]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Palaeosiccia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2DB5EA8F3E4AFFC1FCE40B451B822057" box="[788,940,1547,1573]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="26">Palaeosiccia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
or
<taxonomicName id="D8C14D1E3E4AFFC1FC230B451C352057" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1854" box="[979,1051,1547,1573]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Siccia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2DB5EA8F3E4AFFC1FC230B451C352057" box="[979,1051,1547,1573]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="26">Siccia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="57DB65163E4AFFC0FF050B631C052423" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="27" pageId="2" pageNumber="26" type="description">
<paragraph id="1F7E369D3E4AFFC0FF050B6318D727DA" blockId="2.[151,1437,839,2045]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1437,196,728]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="27" pageId="2" pageNumber="26">
<emphasis id="2DB5EA8F3E4AFFC1FF050B6319A82035" bold="true" box="[245,390,1581,1607]" pageId="2" pageNumber="26">Description</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="2DB5EA8F3E4AFFC1FE6B0B631B022035" bold="true" box="[411,812,1581,1607]" pageId="2" pageNumber="26">External morphology of adults</emphasis>
. Male antenna shortly bipectinate, female antenna setose-serrulate. Body brown. Forewing ground colour from pale ochreous brown to deep brown. Forewing markings dark brown or blackish. Transverse lines irregularly zigzagged or sinuous, indistinct in certain species. Proximal cellular spot small, dot-shaped. Discal spot large and various in shape. Hindwing brown or greyish-brown, discal spot diffuse.
<emphasis id="2DB5EA8F3E4AFFC1FDC70BFA1AC420BC" bold="true" box="[567,746,1716,1742]" pageId="2" pageNumber="26">Male genitalia</emphasis>
. Uncus elongate and slender, medially dilated and distally tapered, with tiny claw-shaped tip. Tuba analis weakly setose. Arms of tegumen fused in dorsal third and anteriorly tapered, with broad but weakly sclerotised lobes anteriorly protruding into the intersegmental membrane. Vinculum shorter than tegumen, more or less U-shaped. Valva clearly subdivied into dorsal and ventral (saccular) parts. Dorsal part of valva distally narrow and well-sclerotised, downcurved in certain species. Sacculus broad, with setose or spinulose dorsal margin. Distal saccular process elongate and narrow, almost straight. Juxta weakly sclerotised, trapezoidal, in certain species with two short and serrulate apical processes. Phallus large, cylindrical, almost straight or slightly upcurved distally. Ductus ejaculatorius originates anterio-ventrally. Vesica broad, sack-like, with short diverticula of various shapes, and large horn- or plate-like distal cornutus; in certain species with additional proximal plate-like cornutus or cluster of spines.
<emphasis id="2DB5EA8F3E4BFFC0FF080D8A19E126AC" bold="true" box="[248,463,196,222]" pageId="3" pageNumber="27">Female genitalia</emphasis>
. Papilla analis broad, trapezoidal, weakly setose. Apophyses long and thin. Postvaginal area with scobinated cluster. Ostium bursae broad. Ductus bursae short and broad, weakly sclerotised, with short gelatinous antrum in certain species. Corpus bursae with sclerotised posterior and membranous anterior sections, former bearing clusters of numerous robust spines protruding into anterior section laterally in certain species. Appendix bursae short, situated postero-ventrally or laterally, basally spinulose in certain species. 7
<superScript id="E8B49BD53E4BFFC0FDFC0C271A34270B" attach="left" box="[524,538,361,377]" fontSize="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="27">th</superScript>
(and 6
<superScript id="E8B49BD53E4BFFC0FD880C271AA9270B" attach="left" box="[632,647,361,377]" fontSize="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="27">th</superScript>
in certain species) abdominal sternite(s) with lateral gelatinous pockets.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1F7E369D3E4BFFC0FF050CFE1C052423" blockId="3.[151,1437,196,728]" pageId="3" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis id="2DB5EA8F3E4BFFC0FF050CFE199827B8" bold="true" box="[245,438,432,458]" pageId="3" pageNumber="27">Molecular data</emphasis>
.
<materialsCitation id="AFA93CC03E4BFFC0FE360CFE1C082423" country="Guinea-Bissau" location="The" pageId="3" pageNumber="27" specimenCount="2">
The pairwise distances between morphospecies are in the range of 4.11–8.77%. At the current stage it is impossible to evaluate the intrapopulational divergences due to the limited number of specimens sampled, the only example available being
<specimenCount id="09C7FD143E4BFFC0FCEF0CBA1BE0247C" box="[799,974,500,526]" count="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="27" type="generic">two specimens</specimenCount>
of
<taxonomicName id="D8C14D1E3E4BFFC0FC090CBA1C42247C" authorityName="Holland" authorityYear="1893" box="[1017,1132,500,526]" class="Insecta" family="Nolidae" genus="Manoba" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="juvenis">
<emphasis id="2DB5EA8F3E4BFFC0FC090CBA1C42247C" box="[1017,1132,500,526]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="27">L. juvenis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingCountry id="67D6760D3E4BFFC0FB470CBA1D22247C" box="[1207,1292,500,526]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="3" pageNumber="27">Guinea</collectingCountry>
which have identical COI sequences.
<location id="1A1E60463E4BFFC0FE3F0F5B19D3245D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9768878B3E4AFFC0FF670F8A1B7E24AA:1A1E60463E4BFFC0FE3F0F5B19D3245D" box="[463,509,533,559]" country="Guinea-Bissau" name="The" pageId="3" pageNumber="27">The</location>
intraspecific divergences between different populations of the same species vary significantly with pairwise distances in the range of 0.46–3.95% (
<figureCitation id="87FA2A183E4BFFC0FC250F791C342423" box="[981,1050,567,593]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="3.[151,227,1080,1103]" captionTargetBox="[171,1403,751,1049]" captionTargetId="figure-226@3.[151,1436,741,1062]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 1. Phylogenetic tree of the genus Lithosiccia from Afrotropics recovered from the ML analysis of COI barcodes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13246320" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13246320/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="27">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="57DB65163E4BFFC0FF050F171D022401" box="[245,1324,601,627]" pageId="3" pageNumber="27" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="1F7E369D3E4BFFC0FF050F171D022401" blockId="3.[151,1437,196,728]" box="[245,1324,601,627]" pageId="3" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis id="2DB5EA8F3E4BFFC0FF050F1719A12401" bold="true" box="[245,399,601,627]" pageId="3" pageNumber="27">Distribution</emphasis>
. Species of the genus are distributed in rainforests of West and Central Africa.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="57DB65163E4BFFC0FF050F351B7E24AA" pageId="3" pageNumber="27" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="1F7E369D3E4BFFC0FF050F351B7E24AA" blockId="3.[151,1437,196,728]" pageId="3" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis id="2DB5EA8F3E4BFFC0FF050F35195324E7" bold="true" box="[245,381,635,661]" pageId="3" pageNumber="27">Etymology</emphasis>
. The genus name is an aggregate of the genus-group names
<taxonomicName id="D8C14D1E3E4BFFC0FBBA0F351D4424E7" authority="Fabricius, 1798" authorityName="Fabricius" authorityYear="1798" box="[1098,1386,635,661]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Lithosia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2DB5EA8F3E4BFFC0FBBA0F351C8424E7" box="[1098,1194,635,661]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="27">Lithosia</emphasis>
Fabricius, 1798
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="D8C14D1E3E4BFFC0FF670FD318F124C5" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1854" box="[151,223,669,695]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Siccia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2DB5EA8F3E4BFFC0FF670FD318F124C5" box="[151,223,669,695]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="27">Siccia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and refers to the close relationship with
<taxonomicName id="D8C14D1E3E4BFFC0FD250FD31B3324C5" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1854" box="[725,797,669,695]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Siccia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2DB5EA8F3E4BFFC0FD250FD31B3324C5" box="[725,797,669,695]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="27">Siccia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and the valva clearly subdivided into the dorsal and ventral parts like in many genera of the subtribe
<taxonomicName id="D8C14D1E3E4BFFC0FD210FF01B6224AA" authorityName="Billberg" authorityYear="1820" box="[721,844,702,728]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Lithosiina">Lithosiina</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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