treatments-xml/data/22/47/87/224787D9FF82AB12FC6A51EE25C0BE8D.xml
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<mods:title id="47E5C16FA1F0072ED80A1A7A84F74883">The butterfly fauna of the Italian Maritime Alps: results of the EDIT project</mods:title>
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<heading id="F11981A3FF82AB11FC6A51EE200EBDC1" box="[957,1333,1682,1709]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="148" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="6DEE4D4CFF82AB11FC6A51EE200EBDC1" authority="Williams, 1946" authorityName="Williams" authorityYear="1946" box="[957,1333,1682,1709]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Leptidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="148" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="juvernica">
<emphasis id="989AEADDFF82AB11FC6A51EE21B3BDC1" bold="true" box="[957,1160,1682,1709]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="148">Leptidea juvernica</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="CE7F4B3EFF82AB11FB5951EE200EBDC1" author="WILLIAMS H. B." box="[1166,1333,1682,1708]" pageId="9" pageNumber="148" pagination="1 - 3" refId="ref24531" refString="WILLIAMS H. B. 1946. - The Irish form of Leptidea sinapis L. The Entomologist 79 (992): 1 - 3." type="journal article" year="1946">Williams, 1946</bibRefCitation>
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<paragraph id="AA5136CFFF82AB11FCEF519C21CEBD95" blockId="9.[824,1269,1760,1784]" box="[824,1269,1760,1784]" pageId="9" pageNumber="148">
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<treatmentCitation id="2B4F10DEFF82AB11FCEF519C21CBBD95" author="WILLIAMS H. B." box="[824,1264,1760,1784]" page="79" pageId="9" pageNumber="148" year="1946">
<taxonomicName id="6DEE4D4CFF82AB11FCEF519C21CBBD95" authority="Williams, 1946: 79" authorityName="Williams" authorityPageNumber="79" authorityYear="1946" box="[824,1264,1760,1784]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Leptidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="148" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="sinapis" subSpecies="juvernica">
<emphasis id="989AEADDFF82AB11FCEF519C2111BD95" box="[824,1066,1760,1784]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="148">Leptidea sinapis juvernica</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="CE7F4B3EFF82AB11FBE7519C21CBBD95" author="WILLIAMS H. B." box="[1072,1264,1760,1784]" pageId="9" pageNumber="148" pagination="1 - 3" refId="ref24531" refString="WILLIAMS H. B. 1946. - The Irish form of Leptidea sinapis L. The Entomologist 79 (992): 1 - 3." type="journal article" year="1946">Williams, 1946: 79</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AA5136CFFF82AB11FCEF506526DCBC21" blockId="9.[822,1467,1817,2026]" pageId="9" pageNumber="148">
FIRST RECORD FOR THE VALDIERI AREA. —
<bibRefCitation id="CE7F4B3EFF82AB11FB0B50652081BC5C" author="GIANTI M. &amp; GALLO E." box="[1244,1466,1817,1841]" pageId="9" pageNumber="148" pagination="67 - 72" refId="ref20848" refString="GIANTI M. &amp; GALLO E. 2002. - Nuovi dati sulla presenza in Italia settentrionale di Leptidea reali (Lepidoptera Pieridae). Bollettino della Societa entomologica italiana 134 (1): 67 - 72." type="journal article" year="2002">Gianti &amp; Gallo (2002)</bibRefCitation>
(as
<taxonomicName id="6DEE4D4CFF82AB11FC8E504F26E3BC26" ID-CoL="3TJNL" authorityName="Reissinger" authorityYear="1990" box="[857,984,1843,1867]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Leptidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="148" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reali">
<emphasis id="989AEADDFF82AB11FC8E504F26E3BC26" box="[857,984,1843,1867]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="148">Leptidea reali</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="AA5136CFFF82AB11FCEF5032264FBCED" blockId="9.[822,1467,1817,2026]" pageId="9" pageNumber="148">
This species was initially recorded as
<taxonomicName id="6DEE4D4CFF82AB11FB6B5032264BBCED" authority="Reissinger, 1990" authorityName="Reissinger" authorityYear="1990" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Leptidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="148" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reali">
<emphasis id="989AEADDFF82AB11FB6B5032207EBC0B" box="[1212,1349,1870,1894]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="148">Leptidea reali</emphasis>
Reissinger, 1990
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AA5136CFFF82AB11FCEF50FF2080BC87" blockId="9.[822,1467,1817,2026]" pageId="9" pageNumber="148">
For the moment, the occurrence in
<collectingCountry id="D2F9765FFF82AB11FB4750FF2180BCF6" box="[1168,1211,1923,1947]" name="Italy" pageId="9" pageNumber="148">Italy</collectingCountry>
of
<taxonomicName id="6DEE4D4CFF82AB11FB0D50F82070BCF7" authorityName="Williams" authorityYear="1946" box="[1242,1355,1923,1947]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Leptidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="148" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="juvernica">
<emphasis id="989AEADDFF82AB11FB0D50F82070BCF7" box="[1242,1355,1923,1947]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="148">L. juvernica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is based on a small number of specimens from the E Alps (V. Dincă, in litt.). The “non
<taxonomicName id="6DEE4D4CFF82AB11FC4050C426D6BCA2" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[919,1005,1976,1999]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Leptidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="148" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinapis">
<emphasis id="989AEADDFF82AB11FC4050C426D6BCA2" box="[919,1005,1976,1999]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="148">L. sinapis</emphasis>
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populations” of C
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have been demonstrated to represent
<taxonomicName id="6DEE4D4CFF82AB11FC7850AF26C8BC87" authorityName="Reissinger" authorityYear="1990" box="[943,1011,2002,2026]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Leptidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="148" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reali">
<emphasis id="989AEADDFF82AB11FC7850AF26C8BC87" box="[943,1011,2002,2026]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="148">L. reali</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="CE7F4B3EFF82AB11FBD450AE2195BC87" author="DINCA V. &amp; LUKHTANOV V. A. &amp; TALAVERA G. &amp; VILA R." box="[1027,1198,2002,2026]" pageId="9" pageNumber="148" pagination="1 - 8" refId="ref19538" refString="DINCA V., LUKHTANOV V. A., TALAVERA G. &amp; VILA R. 2011. - Unexpected layers of cryptic diversity in wood white Leptidea butterflies. Nature Communications 2 (324): 1 - 8." type="journal article" year="2011">
Dincă
<emphasis id="989AEADDFF82AB11FB9250AF214FBC87" box="[1093,1140,2002,2026]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="148">et al.</emphasis>
2011
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="CE7F4B3EFF82AB11FB6F50AE21D4BC87" author="DINCA V. &amp; WIKLUND C. &amp; KODANDARAMAIAH U. &amp; NOREN K. &amp; PORTO L. &amp; WAHLBERG N. &amp; VILA R. &amp; FRIBERG M." box="[1208,1263,2002,2026]" pageId="9" pageNumber="148" refId="ref19580" refString="DINCA V., WIKLUND C., V. A., KODANDARAMAIAH U., NOREN K., DAP- PORTO L., WAHLBERG N., VILA R. &amp; FRIBERG M. 2013. - Reproductive isolation and patterns of genetic differentiation in a cryptic butterfly species complex. Journal of Evolutionary Biology http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / jeb. 12211" type="book" year="2013">2013</bibRefCitation>
). In N
<collectingCountry id="D2F9765FFF82AB11FAE150AE2059BC87" box="[1334,1378,2002,2026]" name="Italy" pageId="9" pageNumber="148">Italy</collectingCountry>
, 25 “non
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AA5136CFFF81AB12FE1353D6216EBFD1" blockId="10.[452,1109,1194,1212]" box="[452,1109,1194,1212]" pageId="10" pageNumber="149">
FIG 2. —
<taxonomicName id="6DEE4D4CFF81AB12FDD853D6265FBFD1" authority="(Linnaeus, 1758)" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[527,868,1194,1212]" class="Insecta" family="Papilionidae" genus="Parnassius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="149" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mnemosyne">
<emphasis id="989AEADDFF81AB12FDD853D627E8BFD1" box="[527,723,1194,1212]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="149">Parnassius mnemosyne</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="CE7F4B3EFF81AB12FD0A53D6265BBFD1" author="LINNAEUS C." box="[733,864,1194,1212]" pageId="10" pageNumber="149" pagination="1 - 824" refId="ref21540" refString="LINNAEUS C. 1758. - Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classses, ordines, genera, species. Editio decima reformata, Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae. vol. 1: 1 - 824." type="journal article" year="1758">Linnaeus, 1758</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. Photograph: Davide Piccoli.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E2F46544FF81AB12FFAE5392272BBEE0" pageId="10" pageNumber="149" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="AA5136CFFF81AB12FFAE53922414BE38" blockId="10.[121,764,1261,1365]" pageId="10" pageNumber="149">
<taxonomicName id="6DEE4D4CFF81AB12FFAE539225E9BE68" ID-CoL="3TJNN" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[121,210,1262,1285]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Leptidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="149" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinapis">
<emphasis id="989AEADDFF81AB12FFAE539225E9BE68" box="[121,210,1262,1285]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="149">L. sinapis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
populations” have been recorded, but no molecular data are currently available for the Valdieri area. However,
<taxonomicName id="6DEE4D4CFF81AB12FDAF527427D3BE72" authorityName="Williams" authorityYear="1946" box="[632,744,1288,1311]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Leptidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="149" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="juvernica">
<emphasis id="989AEADDFF81AB12FDAF527427D3BE72" box="[632,744,1288,1311]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="149">L. juvernica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is known to occur at least in NE
<collectingCountry id="D2F9765FFF81AB12FE77525E24F7BE57" box="[416,460,1314,1338]" name="Italy" pageId="10" pageNumber="149">Italy</collectingCountry>
, at the Val di Tovo lakes (
<bibRefCitation id="CE7F4B3EFF81AB12FD17525E25D9BE38" author="DINCA V. &amp; LUKHTANOV V. A. &amp; TALAVERA G. &amp; VILA R." pageId="10" pageNumber="149" pagination="1 - 8" refId="ref19538" refString="DINCA V., LUKHTANOV V. A., TALAVERA G. &amp; VILA R. 2011. - Unexpected layers of cryptic diversity in wood white Leptidea butterflies. Nature Communications 2 (324): 1 - 8." type="journal article" year="2011">
Dincă
<emphasis id="989AEADDFF81AB12FFAE52412593BE39" box="[121,168,1340,1364]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="149">et al.</emphasis>
2011
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="CE7F4B3EFF81AB12FF3A5241241FBE38" author="DINCA V. &amp; WIKLUND C. &amp; KODANDARAMAIAH U. &amp; NOREN K. &amp; PORTO L. &amp; WAHLBERG N. &amp; VILA R. &amp; FRIBERG M." box="[237,292,1341,1365]" pageId="10" pageNumber="149" refId="ref19580" refString="DINCA V., WIKLUND C., V. A., KODANDARAMAIAH U., NOREN K., DAP- PORTO L., WAHLBERG N., VILA R. &amp; FRIBERG M. 2013. - Reproductive isolation and patterns of genetic differentiation in a cryptic butterfly species complex. Journal of Evolutionary Biology http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / jeb. 12211" type="book" year="2013">2013</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AA5136CFFF81AB12FFAE520B272BBEE0" blockId="10.[121,528,1397,1423]" box="[121,528,1397,1423]" pageId="10" pageNumber="149">CHOROTYPE. — Centralasiatic-European.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E2F46544FF81AB12FFAE52D225C0BE8D" pageId="10" pageNumber="149" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="AA5136CFFF81AB12FFAE52D225C0BE8D" blockId="10.[121,764,1454,1504]" pageId="10" pageNumber="149">ECOLOGY. — Subnemoral, lower to upper montane, mesophilous, mesophilous.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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