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159 lines
20 KiB
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<document ID-CLB-Dataset="28245" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.61.20345" ID-GBIF-Dataset="0d563c97-dfc2-4ece-839f-bede86247129" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2607-61-31" ID-Pensoft-UUID="FFD763333357FFDDFFEDFFDDFFCDE467" ID-ZBK="ACD01798444B4E538B06400520D71AF6" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1138964" ID-ZooBank="ACD01798444B4E538B06400520D71AF6" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2017" ModsDocID="1314-2607-61-31" ModsDocOrigin="Journal of Hymenoptera Research " ModsDocTitle="New species and designation of primary types in Neotropical carpenter bees of the genus Xylocopa Latreille (Hymenoptera, Apidae)" checkinTime="1553125442179" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Lucia, Mariano & Gonzalez, Victor H." docDate="2017" docId="088B45AA7A792B5CB5BDE6799412CC87" docLanguage="en" docName="JourHymenoptRes 61: 31-48" docOrigin="Journal of Hymenoptera Research 61" docPubDate="2017-12-20" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.61.20345" docTitle="Xylocopa (Neoxylocopa) andica Enderlein 1913" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" id="FFD763333357FFDDFFEDFFDDFFCDE467" lastPageNumber="33" masterDocId="FFD763333357FFDDFFEDFFDDFFCDE467" masterDocTitle="New species and designation of primary types in Neotropical carpenter bees of the genus Xylocopa Latreille (Hymenoptera, Apidae)" masterLastPageNumber="48" masterPageNumber="31" pageNumber="33" updateTime="1732753383189" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="D7AFE6B3470FA0D283A92942F6A2BF77">
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<mods:title id="3566BA349F1B7E8C9002D830C7543A2E">New species and designation of primary types in Neotropical carpenter bees of the genus Xylocopa Latreille (Hymenoptera, Apidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="E2A08ED323D189D885672B11BACFBF65" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="329ACFFE183C7D1985ABC30F3C5ED026">Lucia, Mariano</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="B6FD48AE8F61524A22281A95DAD5D615">Division Entomologia, Laboratorios Anexo Museo de La Plata, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, 122 y 60, 1900 FWA, La Plata, Argentina. CONICET, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas, Argentina</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="4E08B7BFF56C22165EB36BA47873CD47">Gonzalez, Victor H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="7AB87FB2FF80525751EBB85D7E399625">Undergraduate Biology Program and Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Haworth Hall, 1200 Sunnyside Avenue, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, 66045, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="D47969C2166C1865B3A63FC3589C1D9D" type="email">victorgonzab@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="1CE119481EF7D4B8CAD92C7190EF2A75">Journal of Hymenoptera Research</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="202E0C8E4205D649F0F18757024483CA">
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<mods:date id="FE339BF4E53616EFA3C2D83CDE023751">2017</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="BFFAA8C9D4EBBE8958E1EAEACB71FD07">2017-12-20</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="2562CC17ECADE5CC84A2EEE99514E70A">61</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="B738062AC951CCF3D1D3EE8FBE733EB9">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="61B1513E6C811C88A2949FDE30499CF4" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.61.20345</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="088B45AA7A792B5CB5BDE6799412CC87" ID-GBIF-Taxon="154473117" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:088B45AA7A792B5CB5BDE6799412CC87" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/088B45AA7A792B5CB5BDE6799412CC87" lastPageNumber="33" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" scope_family="Apidae" scope_order="Hymenoptera" scope_subGenus="Xylocopa">
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<subSubSection id="FA133DFA9CE12A5133483F691E65EA92" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="4B816AADD9714C61C0745F53898D94B8" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
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<taxonomicName id="A97A1D372EF10654962F68DD209652AA" ID-CoL="5CKP7" LSID="EAB8865C-1539-5C30-AFEE-94CF85BE58B8" authority="Enderlein, 1913" authorityName="Enderlein" authorityYear="1913" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Xylocopa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xylocopa (Neoxylocopa) andica" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="andica" subGenus="Neoxylocopa">Xylocopa (Neoxylocopa) andica Enderlein, 1913</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation id="EA063285260D0B0FF209DE630E6ECC49" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Dorsal habitus of the female lectotype of Xylocopa (Neoxylocopa) andica Enderlein." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.61.20345.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/174965" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C4866B314139CB311785B2F0670F52FE" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="ACFE743DF89D82005299C8A52DBA5846" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
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<taxonomicName id="34397E873BEB76AEF6A2DF92C0A14AEC" authorityName="Enderlein" authorityYear="1913" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Xylocopa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xylocopa (Neoxylocopa) andica" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="andica" subGenus="Neoxylocopa">Xylocopa (Neoxylocopa) andica</taxonomicName>
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Enderlein, 1913: 160 (Lectotype: USNM; ♀, Peru, Chanchamayo) (new lectotype designation).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="6E164538866943CFD197DF2FD6D8656A" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="6D02843DAA02809B6F061FA9C4E98021" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="15957E6510F85F82F04163C55D71F729" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">This species can be distinguished by the combination of the following features: large body size (body length ~23 mm); pubescence black; integument dark brown to black throughout, basal three terga with weak, dark brown bands; wings dark brown with green highlights apically, violet basally; labrum basally with three longitudinally elongated tubercles; gena and supraocular areas sparsely punctate; mesoscutellum with subhorizontal dorsal surface smooth and shiny, declivitous posterior surface weakly imbricate, dull, not separated by a border or carina; T2 and T3 sparsely punctate on discs, punctures separated by at least 2-3 times a puncture width; apical terga with denser punctures laterally; discs of T2 and T3 medially with very short, black, simple setae, each seta barely exiting puncture, increasing in length laterally and on apical terga.</paragraph>
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<caption id="A93CA0772301A6425F69EE8C5F8AA1EC" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1138966" doi="10.3897/jhr.61.20345.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/174965" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" start="Figure 1" startId="F1">
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<paragraph id="CD0608DBA54F58778FD84F07E5FCA6CC" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
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<emphasis id="D7F7513982AABB20466EF4EAC51977C2" bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">Figure 1.</emphasis>
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Dorsal habitus of the female lectotype of
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<taxonomicName id="E8E94AF25755953B333497700C68F03B" authorityName="Enderlein" authorityYear="1913" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Xylocopa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xylocopa (Neoxylocopa) andica" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="andica" subGenus="Neoxylocopa">Xylocopa (Neoxylocopa) andica</taxonomicName>
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Enderlein.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C70775DC1D5A3194E1970E39BA11A6E1" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" type="comments">
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<paragraph id="3DB40FF8EF51068CBDA96ECBAF23A717" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">Comments.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="EAA86A408730C421FB20C424881D5FB1" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
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The female lectotype of
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<taxonomicName id="09474EC55DEC7E36A2D2189035E1AF46" authorityName="Enderlein" authorityYear="1913" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Xylocopa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xylocopa andica" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="andica">
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<emphasis id="8179396417383C982567FC339AD91852" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">Xylocopa andica</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is morphologically similar to the female of
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<taxonomicName id="842B4F12B986A471E281E9EB4422EE00" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="X. nigrocincta" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigrocincta">
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<emphasis id="11B81584F0B3C293A42770EBCF2FCCD4" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">X. nigrocincta</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Smith, a species that occurs in Brazil, Argentina, and Paraguay. It differs from
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<taxonomicName id="CB6FE14FE3B4E67EC8865D047C68E34C" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="X. nigrocincta" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigrocincta">
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<emphasis id="BECBCE95E74DC8671060AA484D02FF39" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">X. nigrocincta</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in the coloration of the terga and wings. In
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<taxonomicName id="1AE42D23E2231572F2D1FA284A1CB8E5" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="X. nigrocincta" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigrocincta">
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<emphasis id="FFF9A88610ECC195675DAA4752D7178F" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">X. nigrocincta</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, all terga are basally reddish brown, except T6, and the wings are dark brown with strong violet highlights. In
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<taxonomicName id="E80CCDA1E869378FB6AC2E7CF5DCCA1F" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="X. andica" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="andica">
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<emphasis id="D6FB762C34AB59FCEC81DEC96FBE3EA4" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">X. andica</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, the basal three terga have weak, dark brown bands, and the wings are dark brown with green highlights apically, violet basally. Because integumental coloration of the metasomal terga and wings are variable in other species of
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<taxonomicName id="9462F9652BAF69A3654EDB8831493595" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Xylocopa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xylocopa" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="EE3FC75FC7ED6287A9ADD74FFF812B53" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">Xylocopa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, it is possible that both species are conspecifics. For example, specimens of
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<taxonomicName id="45CA320CB1B6AAB735093D4DCC28C472" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="X. frontalis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="frontalis">
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<emphasis id="77F8CBC1167EAEB1AF9E1AD10231D26F" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">X. frontalis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Olivier) from Central America and northern South America have terga uniformly black and wings with strong green highlights. In contrast, specimens from southern South America (Brazil, Argentina, and Paraguay) have light reddish brown bands on the basal terga and wings with strong violet highlights (
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<bibRefCitation id="08CAAD97D5061A06D0CAD3D513EE7B8A" author="Hurd, Jr PD" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D. C." pageId="16" pageNumber="47" refId="B6" refString="Hurd, Jr PD, 1978. An annotated catalog of the carpenter bees (genus Xylocopa Latreille) of the Western Hemisphere. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D.C." title="An annotated catalog of the carpenter bees (genus Xylocopa Latreille) of the Western Hemisphere." year="1978">Hurd 1978</bibRefCitation>
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: 80-81). Furthermore, we examined two female specimens from the same locality and collector in Argentina (Virginia, nr. La Ramada, Dpto. Burruyacu, III-27-1967 / Cucurbita maxima / USNM) in which the coloration of the wings is similar to that of
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<taxonomicName id="F734DC93BBD13F839D072B96BAEE8B3A" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="X. andica" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="andica">
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<emphasis id="07460C7F7F5217EA455F7FEE569B41D0" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">X. andica</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in one of them, and to
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<taxonomicName id="C72739CAE7B0013875DEC4547243F451" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="X. nigrocincta" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigrocincta">
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<emphasis id="B7B29617094407CB798BE0B740F5CD21" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">X. nigrocincta</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in the other.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="62BCCAF0EDAB5F03E87F3AAEA4540BE2" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
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Another species that might be conspecific with
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<taxonomicName id="0B16DBD85F9C1FFA8ABC29C20045705B" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="X. nigrocincta" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigrocincta">
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<emphasis id="51BC11AF40E39FD7E6D5F0E345874430" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">X. nigrocincta</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is
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<taxonomicName id="D89CA07AF7DA2DEA4E001B1A0609406E" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="X. suspecta" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="suspecta">
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<emphasis id="351D4AE1B4EA9E3B91B65426D95739F3" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">X. suspecta</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Moure and Camargo, a species recorded from Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, and Paraguay (
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<bibRefCitation id="F54E8A13B039FE0327D3C8E59EA082AA" author="Moure, JS" editor="Moure, JS" journalOrPublisher="Sociedade Brasileira de Entomologia, Curitiba" pageId="16" pageNumber="47" pagination="637 - 673" publicationUrl="http://www.moure.cria.org.br/catalogue" refId="B17" refString="Moure, JS, 2007. Xylocopini Latreille, 1802. In: Moure, JS, Urban, D, Melo, GAR, Eds., Catalogue of Bees (Hymenoptera, Apoidea) in the Neotropical Region. Sociedade Brasileira de Entomologia, Curitiba: 637 - 673, http://www.moure.cria.org.br/catalogue" title="Xylocopini Latreille, 1802." url="http://www.moure.cria.org.br/catalogue" volumeTitle="Catalogue of Bees (Hymenoptera, Apoidea) in the Neotropical Region." year="2007">Moure 2007</bibRefCitation>
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). Male and female specimens from Bolivia (El Beni) standing in SEMC under
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<taxonomicName id="6FFFA410DF6AA1435C4ABBBD160EE4B0" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="X. suspecta" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="suspecta">
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<emphasis id="D13FFA1C2D1258F3DAA52C0704E71882" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">X. suspecta</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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are undistinguishable from
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<taxonomicName id="55C928D8264971728E330A688DB11EFA" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="X. nigrocincta" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigrocincta">
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<emphasis id="B5A71C9D381666715C3D9063936C5C65" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">X. nigrocincta</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, including in the male genitalia. Doubtless, future studies are necessary to assess the species limits of these species.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6FB7A3ADCEAA14AECA92F3BB8333F824" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
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<taxonomicName id="2015E56C763B72C9298DFDF3DBD0C829" authorityName="Enderlein" authorityYear="1913" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Xylocopa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xylocopa andica" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="andica">
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<emphasis id="56605C3C48E7A5BDB662CCD7ADB7AEDF" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">Xylocopa andica</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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was described from five specimens (two females and three males) and no holotype was designated. According to T. Hufleit (MIZ), these syntypes were borrowed by the late J.S. Moure in 1959 and were never returned. These specimens could not be located at the Universidade Federal do
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<normalizedToken id="E23A5583F14AC28DB1CB226F3E182411" originalValue="Paraná">Parana</normalizedToken>
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, Curitiba, Brazil (G. Melo, pers. comm.). However, we found a female specimen of this type series in the general bee collection of the USNM, which we here designate as the lectotype to stabilize the name. The label data for this specimen are as follows: Peru Chanchamayo [Wilhelm] Hoffmanns [green label] / Co = Typus [yellow label] /
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<taxonomicName id="B3939B06254E7024854D632D159E6864" authorityName="Enderlein" authorityYear="1913" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Xylocopa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xylocopa andica" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="andica">Xylocopa andica</taxonomicName>
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Enderl. ♀ Type Dr. Enderlein det.1913 [handwritten] / Lectotype,
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<taxonomicName id="44F048E1254A345AFABD6571D632BF75" authorityName="Enderlein" authorityYear="1913" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Xylocopa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xylocopa andica" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="andica">
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<emphasis id="0E1B9F78BCB3EB11FDAB023272CDFDEE" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">Xylocopa andica</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Enderlein des. M. Lucia & V.H. Gonzalez. This specimen is currently in USNM.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="0402E746696F2A1E657D73A0CD800867" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="2FE700B01FBD7F2D22C689D553DAF10F" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A15EC537F1D6908CCFEA8E3F4896871E" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">Peru (Chanchamayo).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |