213 lines
23 KiB
XML
213 lines
23 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="6F070C98174863C5D9DA334980E5C4E0">Notable records and observations of four passerines in Djibouti, 2020</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="50B501EB330568A4F59DCBC6925A6CCC">Dove, Carla J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="CED3FFC8E14F7815EEAFA0ACB2CC85D4">Whatton, James F.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="7E022499C590B3E1E79B16499403C304">Milensky, Christopher M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="458A30C28F1A031747B1AA6E5BC3EBA5">Boss, Will</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B0B2D28D87C159048F7BD4FA3A8B57D9">Rayaleh, Houssein</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="51102F151B82012F4E2DF5628B58C232">Awaleh, Djama G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="B1D6282DD9257050B817CD3DFC67EE52">Bulletin of the British Ornithologists’ Club</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="364ACA030F0F05F98DA7950FCD5E6E44">2024</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03DB6806F53C1E02FF08F803ED78AC55" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11646457" ID-GBIF-Taxon="232753471" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11646457" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DB6806F53C1E02FF08F803ED78AC55" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DB6806F53C1E02FF08F803ED78AC55" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="47" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">
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<emphasis id="B9060502F53C1E01FF08F803EE02AF15" bold="true" box="[144,526,289,313]" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">YELLOW-RUMPED SEEDEATER</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C72A293F53C1E01FD85F803EF0BAF15" ID-CoL="ZJFD" authority="(Ruppell, 1840)" baseAuthorityName="Ruppell" baseAuthorityYear="1840" box="[541,775,289,313]" class="Aves" family="Fringillidae" genus="Crithagra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="xanthopygia">
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<emphasis id="B9060502F53C1E01FD85F803EF0BAF15" box="[541,775,289,313]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">Crithagra xanthopygia</emphasis>
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Locally common in the highlands of
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<collectingCountry id="F3659980F53C1E01FDB3F863EE7BAF75" box="[555,631,321,345]" name="Eritrea" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">Eritrea</collectingCountry>
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and
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<collectingCountry id="F3659980F53C1E01FD37F863EF02AF75" box="[687,782,321,345]" name="Ethiopia" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">Ethiopia</collectingCountry>
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in dry, open scrub at
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE3A4E1F53C1E01FF0FF843ED72AF55" author="Redman, N. & Stevenson, T. & Fanshawe, J." box="[151,382,353,377]" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" refId="ref3094" refString="Redman, N., Stevenson, T. & Fanshawe, J. 2016. Birds of the Horn of Africa: Ethiopia, Eritrea, Djibouti, Somalia and Socotra. Second edn. Christopher Helm, London." type="book" year="2016">
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Redman
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<emphasis id="B9060502F53C1E01FE9BF840ED38AF55" box="[259,308,353,377]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">et al</emphasis>
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. 2016
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</bibRefCitation>
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).
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE3A4E1F53C1E01FE0DF843EE9FAF55" author="Mills, M. S. & Cohen, C." box="[405,659,353,377]" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" pagination="190 - 195" refId="ref2949" refString="Mills, M. S. L & Cohen, C. 2015. Are Yellow-throated Seedeater Crithagra flavigula and White-throated Seedeater C. xanthopygia conspecific? Observations of seedeaters from Djibouti. Bull. Afr. Bird Cl. 22: 190 - 195." type="journal article" year="2015">Mills & Cohen (2015)</bibRefCitation>
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observed a
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<taxonomicName id="4C72A293F53C1E01FCB4F843EFB1AF54" box="[812,957,353,377]" class="Aves" family="Fringillidae" genus="Crithagra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undetermined">
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<emphasis id="B9060502F53C1E01FCB4F843EF9CAF55" box="[812,912,353,377]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">Crithagra</emphasis>
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sp.
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</taxonomicName>
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in Forêt du Day and suggested that
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<taxonomicName id="4C72A293F53C1E01FEE0F8A3EE15AFB5" baseAuthorityName="Ruppell" baseAuthorityYear="1840" box="[376,537,385,409]" class="Aves" family="Fringillidae" genus="Crithagra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="xanthopygia">
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<emphasis id="B9060502F53C1E01FEE0F8A3EE15AFB5" box="[376,537,385,409]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">C. xanthopygia</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
might occur in
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<collectingCountry id="F3659980F53C1E01FD43F8A3EF36AFB5" box="[731,826,385,409]" name="Djibouti" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">Djibouti</collectingCountry>
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. Our observations in 2016 at Campement Touristique de la Forêt du Day (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE3A4E1F53C1E01FD29F883EF7EAF95" author="Dove, C. J. & Whatton, J. F. & Saucier, J. R. & Schmidt, B. K. & Gotte, S. W. & Klope, M. W. & Rayaleh, H." box="[689,882,417,441]" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" pagination="1067 - 1084" refId="ref2792" refString="Dove, C. J., Whatton, J. F., Saucier, J. R., Schmidt, B. K., Gotte, S. W., Klope, M. W. & Rayaleh, H. 2020. Avian surveys near Camp Lemonnier and Day Forest, Djibouti, Africa. Check List 16: 1067 - 1084." type="journal article" year="2020">
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Dove
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<emphasis id="B9060502F53C1E01FD62F880EF27AF95" box="[762,811,417,441]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">et al</emphasis>
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. 2020
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</bibRefCitation>
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) were inconclusive and no specimens of this seedeater were obtained. During the 2020 expedition we obtained specimens at Forêt du Day near Campement Touristique Dittilou (
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<geoCoordinate id="EE46BFD7F53C1E01FC1BF8C3E80EAFD5" box="[899,1026,479,505]" degrees="11" direction="north" minutes="46" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" precision="15" seconds="50" value="11.780556">
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11
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<superScript id="7C077458F53C1E01FC04F8FDEFA8AFC1" attach="none" box="[924,932,479,493]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">o</superScript>
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46’50”N
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</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE46BFD7F53C1E01FB96F8C3E884AFD5" box="[1038,1160,479,505]" degrees="42" direction="east" minutes="01" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" precision="15" seconds="37" value="42.026943">
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42
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<superScript id="7C077458F53C1E01FBB0F8FDE83CAFC1" attach="right" box="[1064,1072,479,493]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">o</superScript>
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01’37”E
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</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<quantity id="4C8A74F5F53C1E01FF08FB23ECD5AC35" box="[144,217,513,537]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.75" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" unit="m" value="675.0">675 m</quantity>
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), which is
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<emphasis id="B9060502F53C1E01FEC6FB20ED64AC35" box="[350,360,514,537]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">c</emphasis>
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.
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<quantity id="4C8A74F5F53C1E01FEF5FB23EDA7AC35" box="[365,427,513,537]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" unit="km" value="5.0">5 km</quantity>
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east of our 2016 site; all 12 were identified as Yellow-rumped Seedeater. Our specimens were compared with Reichenow’s Seedeater
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<taxonomicName id="4C72A293F53C1E01FC42FB03E867AC15" baseAuthorityName="Salvadori" baseAuthorityYear="1888" box="[986,1131,545,569]" class="Aves" family="Fringillidae" genus="Crithagra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="reichenowi">
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||
<emphasis id="B9060502F53C1E01FC42FB03E867AC15" box="[986,1131,545,569]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">C. reichenowi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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at
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||
<collectionCode id="ED6341D5F53C1E01FF08FB63ECD2AC75" box="[144,222,577,601]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
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because the latter is similar and was the only
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<taxonomicName id="4C72A293F53C1E01FC9BFB63EF9DAC74" box="[771,913,577,601]" class="Aves" family="Fringillidae" genus="Crithagra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undetermined">
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<emphasis id="B9060502F53C1E01FC9BFB63EF6BAC75" box="[771,871,577,601]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">Crithagra</emphasis>
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||
sp.
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
previously known to occur in
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<collectingCountry id="F3659980F53C1E01FF6BFB43ED43AC55" box="[243,335,609,633]" name="Djibouti" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">Djibouti</collectingCountry>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE3A4E1F53C1E01FEC6FB43EE48AC55" author="Mills, M. S. & Cohen, C." box="[350,580,609,633]" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" pagination="190 - 195" refId="ref2949" refString="Mills, M. S. L & Cohen, C. 2015. Are Yellow-throated Seedeater Crithagra flavigula and White-throated Seedeater C. xanthopygia conspecific? Observations of seedeaters from Djibouti. Bull. Afr. Bird Cl. 22: 190 - 195." type="journal article" year="2015">Mills & Cohen 2015</bibRefCitation>
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||
). The current specimens differed from Reichenow’s Seedeater in the lack of whitish superciliary stripes, greyer underparts and by having a white throat (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1349C595F53C1E01FEB3FB83ED60AC95" box="[299,364,673,697]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="5.[145,208,1518,1537]" captionTargetBox="[144,1164,878,1686]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 3 (A‒B). Adult-plumaged Reichenow’s Seedeater Crithagra reichenowi specimen USNM 246631 (left) compared to Yellow-rumped Seedeater C. xanthopygia specimen USNM 664564 (right) showing the lack of whitish supercilium, and greyer underparts and white throat in the Yellow-rumped Seedeater specimen (right) (Carla Dove)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11645725" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11645725/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
). Sightings on eBird describe in detail both Yellow-throated Seedeater
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C72A293F53C1E01FF08FBE3ED00ACF5" baseAuthorityName="Salvadori" baseAuthorityYear="1888" box="[144,268,705,729]" class="Aves" family="Fringillidae" genus="Crithagra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="flavigula">
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||
<emphasis id="B9060502F53C1E01FF08FBE3ED00ACF5" box="[144,268,705,729]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">C. flavigula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C72A293F53C1E01FED6FBE3EDE3ACF5" baseAuthorityName="Ruppell" baseAuthorityYear="1840" box="[334,495,705,729]" class="Aves" family="Fringillidae" genus="Crithagra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="xanthopygia">
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||
<emphasis id="B9060502F53C1E01FED6FBE3EDE3ACF5" box="[334,495,705,729]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">C. xanthopygia</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
in the same area of
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<collectingCountry id="F3659980F53C1E01FD74FBE3EF47ACF5" box="[748,843,705,729]" name="Ethiopia" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">Ethiopia</collectingCountry>
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||
near
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<collectingRegion id="49B617F2F53C1E01FC0BFBE3E81DACF4" box="[915,1041,705,729]" country="Ethiopia" name="Dire Dawa" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">Dire Dawa</collectingRegion>
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||
(
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<collectionCode id="ED6341D5F53C1E01FBBDFBE3E835ACF5" box="[1061,1081,705,729]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">R</collectionCode>
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. Clark, https://ebird.org/checklist/S21407416; accessed
|
||
<date id="FFCCFFD0F53C1E01FD3FFBC3EF44ACD5" box="[679,840,737,761]" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" value="2023-04-19">19 April 2023</date>
|
||
). None of our specimens is similar to descriptions or photographs of Yellow-throated Seedeater submitted to eBird, but they are similar to those of Yellow-rumped Seedeater. As suggested by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE3A4E1F53C1E02FC7FFA03ECD9AEB5" author="Mills, M. S. & Cohen, C." lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="47" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" pagination="190 - 195" refId="ref2949" refString="Mills, M. S. L & Cohen, C. 2015. Are Yellow-throated Seedeater Crithagra flavigula and White-throated Seedeater C. xanthopygia conspecific? Observations of seedeaters from Djibouti. Bull. Afr. Bird Cl. 22: 190 - 195." type="journal article" year="2015">Mills & Cohen (2015)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, more study is needed on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C72A293F53F1E02FD80F9A3EE70AEB5" authorityName="Swainson" authorityYear="1827" box="[536,636,129,153]" class="Aves" family="Fringillidae" genus="Crithagra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9060502F53F1E02FD80F9A3EE70AEB5" box="[536,636,129,153]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="47">Crithagra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
seedeaters in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3659980F53F1E02FCB1F9A3EF89AEB5" box="[809,901,129,153]" name="Djibouti" pageId="6" pageNumber="47">Djibouti</collectingCountry>
|
||
to determine whether any other species might occur in the country and to determine the validity and taxonomic rank of the taxa within this genus. We deposited all of our DNA sequences identified as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C72A293F53F1E02FBEDF9E3ED03AED5" baseAuthorityName="Ruppell" baseAuthorityYear="1840" class="Aves" family="Fringillidae" genus="Crithagra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="xanthopygia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9060502F53F1E02FBEDF9E3ED03AED5" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="47">C. xanthopygia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to GenBank. We found
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C72A293F53F1E02FD85F9C3EEB7AED5" baseAuthorityName="Ruppell" baseAuthorityYear="1840" box="[541,699,225,249]" class="Aves" family="Fringillidae" genus="Crithagra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="xanthopygia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9060502F53F1E02FD85F9C3EEB7AED5" box="[541,699,225,249]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="47">C. xanthopygia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to be common in the Dittilou area, in the rocky wadi, where we saw and heard their vocalisations daily and throughout the day. The birds appeared to be engaged in a second brood because very young and immature birds were mist-netted, but the adults were still in breeding condition. They fed on small seeds. The species occurs mostly in the Goda Mountains and nearby Mabla Mountains in the remaining small forests in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3659980F53F1E02FE24F8A3EE17AFB5" box="[444,539,385,409]" name="Djibouti" pageId="6" pageNumber="47">Djibouti</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF0D8998F53C1E01FF09FCCCEE07A8BA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11645725" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11645725" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11645725/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" startId="5.[145,208,1518,1537]" targetBox="[144,1164,878,1686]" targetPageId="5" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCDD910F53C1E01FF09FCCCEE07A8BA" blockId="5.[144,643,1518,1686]" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">
|
||
Figure 3 (A‒B). Adult-plumaged Reichenow’s Seedeater
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C72A293F53C1E01FF66FF25EDCFA836" baseAuthorityName="Salvadori" baseAuthorityYear="1888" box="[254,451,1543,1562]" class="Aves" family="Fringillidae" genus="Crithagra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="reichenowi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9060502F53C1E01FF66FF25EDCFA836" box="[254,451,1543,1562]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">Crithagra reichenowi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
specimen USNM 246631 (left) compared to Yellow-rumped Seedeater
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C72A293F53C1E01FF08FF1BED2EA867" baseAuthorityName="Ruppell" baseAuthorityYear="1840" box="[144,290,1592,1612]" class="Aves" family="Fringillidae" genus="Crithagra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="xanthopygia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9060502F53C1E01FF08FF1BED2EA867" box="[144,290,1592,1612]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">C. xanthopygia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
specimen USNM 664564 (right) showing the lack of whitish supercilium, and greyer underparts and white throat in the Yellow-rumped Seedeater specimen (right) (Carla Dove)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCDD910F53F1E02FF58F8E3ED78AC55" blockId="6.[144,1164,449,633]" pageId="6" pageNumber="47">
|
||
Our work in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3659980F53F1E02FEC7F8E3EDB7AFF5" box="[351,443,449,473]" name="Djibouti" pageId="6" pageNumber="47">Djibouti</collectingCountry>
|
||
(2014, 2016 and 2020) has continued to refine and document knowledge of the country’s avifauna. Our observations and those recently reported by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE3A4E1F53F1E02FF08FB23ED8EAC35" author="Buechley, E. R. & de la Cruz Munoza, A. & Roman, J. R. & Caucala, G. & Rayaleh, H." box="[144,386,513,537]" pageId="6" pageNumber="47" pagination="179 - 185" refId="ref2547" refString="Buechley, E. R., de la Cruz Munoza, A., Roman, J. R., Caucala, G. & Rayaleh, H. 2019. Notable bird observations for Djibouti, including the first record of Semicollared Flycatcher Ficedula semitorquata. Bull. Afr. Bird Cl. 26: 179 - 185." type="journal article" year="2019">
|
||
Buechley
|
||
<emphasis id="B9060502F53F1E02FE98FB20ED22AC35" box="[256,302,513,537]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="47">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2019)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
indicate that its birdlife is understudied and in need of additional surveys over longer periods to document thoroughly avian diversity in country. Given rapid urban development in this part of the Horn of Africa, such work is a priority to inform conservation efforts.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |