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<mods:title id="1CC92449EA0F82B7FAB993741F4DF76E">Subfossil chironomids (Diptera, Chironomidae) of lakes in the Tatra Mountains an illustrated guide</mods:title>
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<subSubSection id="C347656CFF9FFF86FF22F8D5AD80F887" box="[151,969,1890,1917]" pageId="34" pageNumber="250" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BE236E7FF9FFF86FF22F8D5AD80F887" blockId="34.[151,969,1890,1917]" box="[151,969,1890,1917]" pageId="34" pageNumber="250">
<heading id="D0AA818BFF9FFF86FF22F8D5AD80F887" bold="true" box="[151,969,1890,1917]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="34" pageNumber="250" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B929EAF5FF9FFF86FF22F8D5AD80F887" bold="true" box="[151,969,1890,1917]" pageId="34" pageNumber="250">
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D64FF9FFF86FF22F8D5AF82F887" ID-CoL="4BLV" ID-ENA="891889" authority="Kieffer" authorityName="Kieffer" authorityYear="1918" box="[151,459,1890,1917]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Endochironomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="250" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B929EAF5FF9FFF86FF22F8D5AF20F886" bold="true" box="[151,361,1890,1917]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="250">Endochironomus</emphasis>
Kieffer
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B929EAF5FF9FFF86FE7FF8D5ACEFF886" bold="true" box="[458,678,1890,1917]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="250">/ Synendotendipes</emphasis>
Grodhaus (
<figureCitation id="13662A62FF9FFF86FC8CF8D5AD88F887" box="[825,961,1890,1916]" captionStart="FIGURES 7984" captionStartId="34.[151,264,1532,1556]" captionTargetBox="[201,1386,181,1505]" captionTargetId="figure-19@34.[201,1386,181,1508]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURES 7984. D. nervosus-type: 79—head capsule. D. nervosus-type: 80—ventromental plate. D. notatus-type: 81—head capsule. D. notatus-type: 82—ventromental plate. Endochironomus impar-type: 83—detail of mentum and ventromental plates. E. impar-type: 84—head capsule (arrow indicates four inner teeth of the mandible)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4396868" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4396868/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="250">Figs 83, 84</figureCitation>
)
</emphasis>
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<subSubSection id="C347656CFF9FFF87FF22F81DAFB8FF02" lastPageId="35" lastPageNumber="251" pageId="34" pageNumber="250" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BE236E7FF9FFF87FF22F81DAFB8FF02" blockId="34.[151,1436,1962,2025]" lastBlockId="35.[151,1437,151,537]" lastPageId="35" lastPageNumber="251" pageId="34" pageNumber="250">
Head capsule large, yellow, occipital margin dark brown. Antenna 5-segmented, premandible with 2 apical teeth and 1 inner tooth. Mandible with slender apical tooth and 34 inner teeth, dorsal tooth pale, hardly visible. Mentum with 34 protruding median teeth (central ones lower than outer pairs) and 6 pairs of lateral teeth; the first lower than second and medians. Ventromental plates relatively narrow and gently curved with smooth anterior margin and continuously striated (
<figureCitation id="13662A62FF9EFF87FE24FF68AFADFF02" box="[401,484,223,249]" captionStart="FIGURES 7984" captionStartId="34.[151,264,1532,1556]" captionTargetBox="[201,1386,181,1505]" captionTargetId="figure-19@34.[201,1386,181,1508]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURES 7984. D. nervosus-type: 79—head capsule. D. nervosus-type: 80—ventromental plate. D. notatus-type: 81—head capsule. D. notatus-type: 82—ventromental plate. Endochironomus impar-type: 83—detail of mentum and ventromental plates. E. impar-type: 84—head capsule (arrow indicates four inner teeth of the mandible)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4396868" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4396868/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="251">Fig. 83</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C347656CFF9EFF87FF72FEB4AD2AFDE2" pageId="35" pageNumber="251" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BE236E7FF9EFF87FF72FEB4AB41FE72" blockId="35.[151,1437,151,537]" pageId="35" pageNumber="251">
Remarks: Genus
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D64FF9EFF87FE32FEB4AC0AFEE6" authorityName="Grodhaus" authorityYear="1987" box="[391,579,259,285]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Synendotendipes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="251" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B929EAF5FF9EFF87FE32FEB4AC0AFEE6" box="[391,579,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="251">Synendotendipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was erected based on immature stages previously placed in
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D64FF9EFF87FB6BFEB4ABD5FEE6" authorityName="Kieffer" authorityYear="1918" box="[1246,1436,259,285]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Endochironomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="251" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B929EAF5FF9EFF87FB6BFEB4ABD5FEE6" box="[1246,1436,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="251">Endochironomus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis id="B929EAF5FF9EFF87FF14FE90AEFDFEBB" box="[161,180,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="251">=</emphasis>
species group B,
<bibRefCitation id="EFCC4B16FF9EFF87FEC8FE90AC3BFEBA" author="Pinder, L. C. V. &amp; Reiss, F." box="[381,626,295,321]" pageId="35" pageNumber="251" pagination="149 - 294" refId="ref25202" refString="Pinder, L. C. V. &amp; Reiss, F. (1983) The larvae of Chironominae (Diptera: Chironomidae) of the Holarctic region-Keys and diagnoses. In: Wiederholm, T. (Ed.), Chironomidae of the Holarctic region. Keys and diagnoses. Part 1. Larvae. Entomologica Scandinavica, Supplement 19, pp. 149 - 294." type="journal article" year="1983">Pinder &amp; Reiss, 1983</bibRefCitation>
). As the subfossil heads may lack important characters allowing separation of these genera (mandibula, maxilla), it is reasonable to keep both genera together. In specimens where mandible is present, 4 inner teeth is separating
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D64FF9EFF87FDC0FED8AD78FE72" authorityName="Grodhaus" authorityYear="1987" box="[629,817,367,393]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Synendotendipes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="251" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B929EAF5FF9EFF87FDC0FED8AD78FE72" box="[629,817,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="251">Synendotendipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D64FF9EFF87FCC3FED8AA7DFE72" authorityName="Kieffer" authorityYear="1918" box="[886,1076,367,393]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Endochironomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="251" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B929EAF5FF9EFF87FCC3FED8AA7DFE72" box="[886,1076,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="251">Endochironomus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with 3 inner teeth.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE236E7FF9EFF87FF72FE24AEA9FE0E" blockId="35.[151,1437,151,537]" pageId="35" pageNumber="251">
Subfossils were recorded from dystrophic and acidified lakes of the studied region. These finding correspond very well with known distribution of
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D64FF9EFF87FDF7FE00AD49FE2A" authorityName="Kieffer" authorityYear="1918" box="[578,768,439,465]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Endochironomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="251" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B929EAF5FF9EFF87FDF7FE00AD49FE2A" box="[578,768,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="251">Endochironomus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
/
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D64FF9EFF87FCA4FE00AD84FE2A" authorityName="Grodhaus" authorityYear="1987" box="[785,973,439,465]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Synendotendipes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="251" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B929EAF5FF9EFF87FCA4FE00AD84FE2A" box="[785,973,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="251">Synendotendipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the Tatra Mts. lakes (
<bibRefCitation id="EFCC4B16FF9EFF87FB51FE00AE9DFE0E" author="Novikmec, M. &amp; Veselska, M. &amp; Bitusik, P. &amp; Hamerlik, L. &amp; Matusova, Z. &amp; Klementova, B. R. &amp; Svitok, M." pageId="35" pageNumber="251" pagination="1522" refId="ref25060" refString="Novikmec, M., Veselska, M., Bitusik, P., Hamerlik, L., Matusova, Z., Klementova, B. R. &amp; Svitok, M. (2015) Checklist of ben- thic macroinvertebrates of high altitude ponds of the Tatra Mountains (Central Europe) with new records of two species for Slovakia. Check List, 11 (1), 1522. https: // doi. org / 10.15560 / 11.1.1522" type="journal article" year="2015">
Novikmec
<emphasis id="B929EAF5FF9EFF87FAD6FE00ABDCFE2A" box="[1379,1429,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="251">et al</emphasis>
. 2015
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE236E7FF9EFF87FF72FE48AD2AFDE2" blockId="35.[151,1437,151,537]" box="[199,867,511,537]" pageId="35" pageNumber="251">
One morphotype following
<bibRefCitation id="EFCC4B16FF9EFF87FE4AFE48ACA8FDE2" author="Brooks, S. J. &amp; Langdon, P. G. &amp; Heiri, O." box="[511,737,511,537]" pageId="35" pageNumber="251" refId="ref23398" refString="Brooks, S. J., Langdon, P. G. &amp; Heiri, O. (2007) The Identification and Use of Palaearctic Chironomidae Larvae in Palaeoecology. QRA Technical Guide No. 10. QRA, London, 276 pp." type="book" year="2007">
Brooks
<emphasis id="B929EAF5FF9EFF87FDE2FE48ACC1FDE2" box="[599,648,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="251">et al</emphasis>
. (2007)
</bibRefCitation>
was found.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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