187 lines
20 KiB
XML
187 lines
20 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="B41E33663925077BE75EC4B54C4B835E">Didelphidae</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="16F7CF5DE7D7D2BF871908C55A6A0109">Astúa, D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:dateIssued id="69818E0C7227394DD92E168CCDFD85F6">2015</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther id="0D77269F8A9B27AE30382DA120CD86E2" type="pubDate">2015-06-30</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher id="EBAAE6ECE343DF5CF870E5535EF2C54A">Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:namePart id="920BF92F2351D9F4415EE0288EC4CF28">Russel A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="5F39CCD573737F1EADC084EEDE6F39FC">Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="53B6992F05DE68E38A6EAA76C816E574">Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 5 Monotremes and Marsupials</mods:title>
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<treatment id="F723B76CFFD3FFF8FFF61419FEF786E4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6685599" ID-GBIF-Taxon="196400669" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6685599" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F723B76CFFD3FFF8FFF61419FEF786E4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F723B76CFFD3FFF8FFF61419FEF786E4" lastPageNumber="169" pageId="40" pageNumber="169">
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<subSubSection id="379055F1FFD3FFF8FFF61419FF6B8E55" box="[93,150,518,564]" pageId="40" pageNumber="169" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="7F35067AFFD3FFF8FFF61419FF6B8E55" blockId="40.[91,997,518,647]" box="[93,150,518,564]" pageId="40" pageNumber="169">
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<heading id="247DB116FFD3FFF8FFF61419FF6B8E55" box="[93,150,518,564]" pageId="40" pageNumber="169">
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<figureCitation id="E7B11AFFFFD3FFF8FFF61419FF6B8E55" box="[93,150,518,564]" captionStart="Plate 8: Didelphidae" captionStartId="40.[100,130,3414,3439]" captionTargetBox="[12,2714,14,3643]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="65. Pygmy Opossum (Chacodelphys formosa), 66. Agricola’s Opossum (Cryptonanus agricola), 67. Chacoan Mouse Opossum (Cryptonanus chacoensis), 68. Guaiba Mouse Opossum (Cryptonanus guahybae), 69. Unduavi Mouse Opossum (Cryptonanus unduaviensis), 70. . Emilie’s. 9 Opossum.. Gracilinanus. (null), 71. Aceramarca Opossum (Gracilinanus aceramarcae), 72. Agile Opossum (Gracilinanus agilis), 73. Wood Sprite Opossum (Gracilinanus dryas), 74. Northern Gracile Opossum (Gracilinanus marica), 75. Brazilian Gracile Opossum (Gracilinanus microtarsus)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6685608" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6685608/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="169">65.</figureCitation>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="379055F1FFD3FFF8FF0C1419FDFC8E55" box="[167,513,518,564]" pageId="40" pageNumber="169" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="7F35067AFFD3FFF8FF0C1419FDFC8E55" blockId="40.[91,997,518,647]" box="[167,513,518,564]" pageId="40" pageNumber="169">
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<heading id="247DB116FFD3FFF8FF0C1419FDFC8E55" box="[167,513,518,564]" pageId="40" pageNumber="169">
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<vernacularName id="F1897654FFD3FFF8FF0C1419FDFC8E55" baseAuthorityName="Shamel" baseAuthorityYear="1930" box="[167,513,518,564]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Chacodelphys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="40" pageNumber="169" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="formosa">Pygmy Opossum</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="379055F1FFD3FFF8FDE01419FC308E55" box="[587,973,518,564]" pageId="40" pageNumber="169" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="7F35067AFFD3FFF8FDE01419FC308E55" blockId="40.[91,997,518,647]" box="[587,973,518,564]" pageId="40" pageNumber="169">
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<heading id="247DB116FFD3FFF8FDE01419FC308E55" box="[587,973,518,564]" pageId="40" pageNumber="169">
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||
<taxonomicName id="B88A7DF9FFD3FFF8FDE01419FC308E55" baseAuthorityName="Shamel" baseAuthorityYear="1930" box="[587,973,518,564]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Chacodelphys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="40" pageNumber="169" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="formosa">
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<emphasis id="4DFEDA68FFD3FFF8FDE01419FC308E55" box="[587,973,518,564]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="169">Chacodelphys formosa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="379055F1FFD3FFF8FFF61459FD9B8EE2" pageId="40" pageNumber="169" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="7F35067AFFD3FFF8FFF61459FC198E3A" blockId="40.[91,997,518,647]" box="[93,996,582,603]" pageId="40" pageNumber="169">
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<heading id="247DB116FFD3FFF8FFF61459FC198E3A" box="[93,996,582,603]" pageId="40" pageNumber="169">
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<emphasis id="4DFEDA68FFD3FFF8FFF61459FF558E3A" bold="true" box="[93,168,582,603]" pageId="40" pageNumber="169">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="F1897654FFD3FFF8FF1A1459FE728E3A" baseAuthorityName="Shamel" baseAuthorityYear="1930" box="[177,399,582,603]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Chacodelphys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" language="fra" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="40" pageNumber="169" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="formosa">Opossum de Formosa</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="4DFEDA68FFD3FFF8FE0E1459FE028E3A" bold="true" box="[421,511,582,603]" pageId="40" pageNumber="169">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="F1897654FFD3FFF8FDA31459FD468E3A" baseAuthorityName="Shamel" baseAuthorityYear="1930" box="[520,699,582,603]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Chacodelphys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" language="deu" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="40" pageNumber="169" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="formosa">Chaco-Beutelratte</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="4DFEDA68FFD3FFF8FD7B1459FCD68E3A" bold="true" box="[720,811,582,603]" pageId="40" pageNumber="169">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="F1897654FFD3FFF8FC9F1459FC198E3A" baseAuthorityName="Shamel" baseAuthorityYear="1930" box="[820,996,582,603]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Chacodelphys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" language="esp" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="40" pageNumber="169" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="formosa">Zariglieya pigmea</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="7F35067AFFD3FFF8FFF71471FD9B8EE2" blockId="40.[91,997,518,647]" box="[92,614,622,643]" pageId="40" pageNumber="169">
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<heading id="247DB116FFD3FFF8FFF71471FD9B8EE2" box="[92,614,622,643]" pageId="40" pageNumber="169">
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<emphasis id="4DFEDA68FFD3FFF8FFF71471FEAE8EE2" bold="true" box="[92,339,622,643]" pageId="40" pageNumber="169">Other common names:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="F1897654FFD3FFF8FEF71471FD9B8EE2" baseAuthorityName="Shamel" baseAuthorityYear="1930" box="[348,614,622,643]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Chacodelphys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="40" pageNumber="169" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="formosa">Chacoan Pygmy Opossum</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="379055F1FFD3FFF8FD6B14B0FCF78E99" pageId="40" pageNumber="169" type="reference_group">
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||
<paragraph id="7F35067AFFD3FFF8FD6B14B0FCF78E99" blockId="40.[704,1300,687,1115]" pageId="40" pageNumber="169">
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<emphasis id="4DFEDA68FFD3FFF8FD6B14B0FCA18EB1" bold="true" box="[704,860,687,720]" pageId="40" pageNumber="169">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="B88A7DF9FFD3FFF8FC2914B0FCF88E99" authorityName="Shamel" authorityYear="1930" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Marmosa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="40" pageNumber="169" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="formosa">Marmosa formosa Shamel, 1930</taxonomicName>
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,
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="379055F1FFD3FFF8FCB314C4FB968F27" pageId="40" pageNumber="169" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="7F35067AFFD3FFF8FCB314C4FB968F27" blockId="40.[704,1300,687,1115]" pageId="40" pageNumber="169">
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<materialsCitation id="CFE20C27FFD3FFF8FCB314C4FB968F27" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3819445390" country="Taiwan" location="Kilometro 182" municipality="Riacho Pilaga" pageId="40" pageNumber="169" specimenCount="1">
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“
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<location id="7A5550A1FFD3FFF8FC8914C4FC128E99" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F723B76CFFD3FFF8FFF61419FEF786E4:7A5550A1FFD3FFF8FC8914C4FC128E99" box="[802,1007,731,760]" country="Taiwan" municipality="Riacho Pilaga" name="Kilometro 182" pageId="40" pageNumber="169">Kilometro 182</location>
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(Central Formosa)” (=
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<collectingMunicipality id="9F519C00FFD3FFF8FD441519FC488F7E" box="[751,949,774,799]" pageId="40" pageNumber="169">Riacho Pilaga</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<locationDeviation id="6E871F58FFD3FFF8FC651519FCCF8F27" pageId="40" pageNumber="169">
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<quantity id="B872AB9FFFD3FFF8FC651519FBB98F7E" box="[974,1092,774,799]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.609344" pageId="40" pageNumber="169" unit="mi" value="10.0">10 miles</quantity>
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north-west of Km 182
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</locationDeviation>
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),
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<collectingCountry id="079D46EAFFD3FFF8FCE61536FC358F27" box="[845,968,809,838]" name="Taiwan" pageId="40" pageNumber="169">Formosa</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="079D46EAFFD3FFF8FC7C1536FB9A8F27" box="[983,1127,809,838]" name="Argentina" pageId="40" pageNumber="169">Argentina</collectingCountry>
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.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="379055F1FFD3FFF8FD6A1552FBD68F0F" box="[705,1067,845,878]" pageId="40" pageNumber="169" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="7F35067AFFD3FFF8FD6A1552FBD68F0F" blockId="40.[704,1300,687,1115]" box="[705,1067,845,878]" pageId="40" pageNumber="169">This species is monotypic.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="379055F1FFD3FFF8FD6A1567FB37886D" pageId="40" pageNumber="169" type="distribution">
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<caption id="2BF556F2FFD3FFF8FD6A1567FB37886D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6685497" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6685497" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6685497/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="169" targetBox="[90,681,699,1112]" targetPageId="40">
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<paragraph id="7F35067AFFD3FFF8FD6A1567FB37886D" blockId="40.[704,1300,687,1115]" pageId="40" pageNumber="169">
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<emphasis id="4DFEDA68FFD3FFF8FD6A1567FC8C8FF4" bold="true" box="[705,881,888,917]" pageId="40" pageNumber="169">Distribution.</emphasis>
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N & NE Argentina, known from only a few specimens in two disjunct populations, one in Chaco and Formosa provinces, and the other in Misiones.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="379055F1FFD3FFF8FD6A1204FD2F8B29" pageId="40" pageNumber="169" type="description">
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<paragraph id="7F35067AFFD3FFF8FD6A1204FD2F8B29" blockId="40.[704,1300,687,1115]" lastBlockId="40.[93,1301,1121,2693]" pageId="40" pageNumber="169">
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<emphasis id="4DFEDA68FFD3FFF8FD6A1204FC438855" bold="true" box="[705,958,1051,1076]" pageId="40" pageNumber="169">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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Head-body 6-8 cm, tail 5-5 cm; weight 10 g (estimated from the holotype). The Pygmy Opossum is probably one of the smallest living species of opossums. It has brownish dorsal fur. Hairs are gray at bases, buff in middle, and brown at tips, giving fur a frosted appearance. Body sides are predominantly buffcolored. Head is colored as dorsum on crown and in mid-rostral region, and it lacks any mid-rostral stripe. There are marked dark-brown eye-rings from nose to eyes that do not reach bases of ears, and cheeks are reddish-brown. Tail length is ¢.80% of head-body length, and tail is naked, dark brown above and paler below. Ventral fur is pale grayish-brown, except for chin where some buff hairs are present. Throat gland is present. Ears are very small. The only museum specimen is the holotype, a male, and therefore there is no information on presence or absence of pouch or number of mammae. Karyotype of the Pygmy Opossum is unknown. Little is known about this tiny and difficult-to-capture opossum. It was described from a single specimen in 1930, but no other specimens were collected until the 2000s when about dozen remains of Pygmy Opossums were found in owl pellets at five new localities. An additional specimen was collected in the 2000s but erroneously identified as an Agile Opossum (
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<taxonomicName id="B88A7DF9FFD3FFF8FEFF10AEFDA48AB3" baseAuthorityName="Burmeister" baseAuthorityYear="1854" box="[340,601,1713,1746]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Gracilinanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="40" pageNumber="169" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="agilis">Gracilinanus agilis</taxonomicName>
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). Although the Pygmy Opossum was thought to be extinct, it proved to have been present for the last 80 years but had gone unnoticed in all surveys conducted in the area, perhaps because of low density or because it could not be trapped with usual methods.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="379055F1FFD3FFF8FFF41151FD338B87" pageId="40" pageNumber="169" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph id="7F35067AFFD3FFF8FFF41151FD338B87" blockId="40.[93,1301,1121,2693]" pageId="40" pageNumber="169">
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<emphasis id="4DFEDA68FFD3FFF8FFF41151FF338B0E" bold="true" box="[95,206,1870,1903]" pageId="40" pageNumber="169">Habitat.</emphasis>
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Humid Chaco and northern Campos ecoregions (no information on habitat where holotype was collected). The Pygmy Opossum originally identified as an Agile Opossum was captured in Chacoan grassland of tall grasses of “espartillo” (
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<taxonomicName id="B88A7DF9FFD3FFF8FB3F1182FF388B87" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Elionurus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="40" pageNumber="169" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="muticus">Elionurus muticus</taxonomicName>
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) and “chajap途 (
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<taxonomicName id="B88A7DF9FFD3FFF8FE1F11D6FD3F8B87" box="[436,706,1993,2022]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Imperata" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="40" pageNumber="169" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="brasiliensis">Imperata brasiliensis</taxonomicName>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="379055F1FFD3FFF8FFF411F3FBC58454" pageId="40" pageNumber="169" type="food_feeding">
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<paragraph id="7F35067AFFD3FFF8FFF411F3FBC58454" blockId="40.[93,1301,1121,2693]" pageId="40" pageNumber="169">
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<emphasis id="4DFEDA68FFD3FFF8FFF411F3FE9F846C" bold="true" box="[95,354,2028,2061]" pageId="40" pageNumber="169">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
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There is no specific information available for this species, although dentition of the Pygmy Opossum suggests a diet of mainly arthropods.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="379055F1FFD3FFF8FFF41E24FC58843D" box="[95,933,2107,2140]" pageId="40" pageNumber="169" type="breeding">
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||
<paragraph id="7F35067AFFD3FFF8FFF41E24FC58843D" blockId="40.[93,1301,1121,2693]" box="[95,933,2107,2140]" pageId="40" pageNumber="169">
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||
<emphasis id="4DFEDA68FFD3FFF8FFF41E24FF1B843D" bold="true" box="[95,230,2107,2140]" pageId="40" pageNumber="169">Breeding.</emphasis>
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There is no information available for this species.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="379055F1FFD3FFF8FFF51E7DFE4384B2" pageId="40" pageNumber="169" type="activity">
|
||
<paragraph id="7F35067AFFD3FFF8FFF51E7DFE4384B2" blockId="40.[93,1301,1121,2693]" pageId="40" pageNumber="169">
|
||
<emphasis id="4DFEDA68FFD3FFF8FFF51E7DFEB184E2" bold="true" box="[94,332,2146,2179]" pageId="40" pageNumber="169">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
|
||
There is no specific information available for this species, but the Pygmy Opossum may be primarily nocturnal because some specimens have been recovered from owl pellets.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="379055F1FFD3FFF8FFCB1EC7FC288529" pageId="40" pageNumber="169" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="7F35067AFFD3FFF8FFCB1EC7FC288529" blockId="40.[93,1301,1121,2693]" pageId="40" pageNumber="169">
|
||
<emphasis id="4DFEDA68FFD3FFF8FFCB1EC7FCD28498" bold="true" box="[96,815,2264,2297]" pageId="40" pageNumber="169">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
|
||
There is no specific information available for this species, but one Pygmy Opossum was captured in a pitfall trap in a grassland, suggesting at least a partial ground-dwelling lifestyle.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="379055F1FFD3FFF8FFCB1F51FCBA8657" pageId="40" pageNumber="169" type="conservation">
|
||
<paragraph id="7F35067AFFD3FFF8FFCB1F51FCBA8657" blockId="40.[93,1301,1121,2693]" pageId="40" pageNumber="169">
|
||
<emphasis id="4DFEDA68FFD3FFF8FFCB1F51FE47850E" bold="true" box="[96,442,2382,2415]" pageId="40" pageNumber="169">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
|
||
Classified as Vulnerable on The IUCN Red List. Based on limited capture data, the Pygmy Opossum has a disjunct distribution in remaining habitats within a relatively small area of occurrence (less than 20,000 km?*). Deforestation and conversion of habitat for agriculture are primary conservation threats where it occurs, but not enough is known about its actual population size and trends or natural history to be able to adequately assess its conservation status.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="379055F1FFD3FFF8FFC91C5BFEF786E4" pageId="40" pageNumber="169" type="bibRefCitation_list">
|
||
<paragraph id="7F35067AFFD3FFF8FFC91C5BFEF786E4" blockId="40.[93,1301,1121,2693]" pageId="40" pageNumber="169">
|
||
<emphasis id="4DFEDA68FFD3FFF8FFC91C5BFF07863C" bold="true" box="[98,250,2628,2653]" pageId="40" pageNumber="169">Bibliography.</emphasis>
|
||
Gardner (2005, 2007b), Shamel (1930), Teta & Pardifas (2007), Teta et al. (2006), Voss, Gardner & Jansa (2004).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |