177 lines
20 KiB
XML
177 lines
20 KiB
XML
<document id="417012D8ADCDCB83BE78B7465EC5386B" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.2186.1.1" ID-ISSN="11755334" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5311592" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1629629438740" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Jones, Joshua R. & Deitz, Lewis L." docDate="2009" docId="CF7A87E4FFCD894E7D9DA685B9BEFF74" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02186p120.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2186 (1)" docSource="https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2186.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:D239614CE4198176A422035174489AB1.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.monograph" docStyleId="D239614CE4198176A422035174489AB1" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.monograph" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Sichaea Stal 1866" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="29" masterDocId="3343FF9CFFD689527D0AA225BA23FC37" masterDocTitle="Phylogeny and systematics of the leafhopper subfamily Ledrinae (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) 2186" masterLastPageNumber="120" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="28" updateTime="1699086546085" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="8DC81585C38E3142B319E00F01588C5A">Phylogeny and systematics of the leafhopper subfamily Ledrinae (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) 2186</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="74237E773895B62179BE58BD3732C195">Jones, Joshua R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="6B1B7CB8FA680CACBFBE5BA67B48699D">Deitz, Lewis L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="55568BD4EAA446EF9553309C3ADD273C">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="2CE2B2286106E17A3495E9018DE67A0B">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="9D4D99F9C207A87D9986E1546C9E8E81">
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<mods:date id="6EECCC696CF534748B1A617A2FB85A40">2009</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="DFFD8A56DB2CF931B3ABDB4DED42D64A">2009-08-06</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="77A0205E10690749E804B8A82EFE8A8A">2186</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="1A0BE8A94FD7051CD47285B7BBEC40B7">https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2186.1.1</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="8078C71257380877C957425E0B036682">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="226F20F525703362221107B9DA5FCF19" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.2186.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="AC77941CD5CA8FE547BFA3C35D475FDA" type="ISSN">11755334</mods:identifier>
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<subSubSection id="0FC96579FFCD89497D9DA685BB87F8E9" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="476C36F2FFCD89497D9DA685BBA5F88D" blockId="27.[151,420,1184,1246]" box="[151,390,1184,1211]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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<heading id="1C24819EFFCD89497D9DA685BBA5F88D" bold="true" box="[151,390,1184,1211]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="75A7EAE0FFCD89497D9DA685BBA5F88D" bold="true" box="[151,390,1184,1211]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="80D34D71FFCD89497DE4A684BBA5F88D" ID-CoL="8HR3F" authority="Stal" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1866" box="[238,390,1184,1211]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Sichaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="75A7EAE0FFCD89497DE4A684BB6DF88C" bold="true" box="[238,334,1185,1211]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Sichaea</emphasis>
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Stål
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="476C36F2FFCD89497D9DA6E1BB87F8E9" blockId="27.[151,420,1184,1246]" box="[151,420,1220,1246]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">(Pl. 4D, 6E, 11C, 17G)</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="0FC96579FFCD89497D9DA734BBB8F91F" box="[151,411,1297,1320]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="476C36F2FFCD89497D9DA734BBB8F91F" blockId="27.[151,702,1297,1384]" box="[151,411,1297,1320]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="67C311DCFFCD89497D9DA734BBB8F91F" box="[151,411,1297,1320]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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<treatmentCitation id="C67210E3FFCD89497D9DA734BBB4F91F" author="Stal, C." box="[151,407,1297,1320]" page="106" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" year="1866">
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<taxonomicName id="80D34D71FFCD89497D9DA734BBB4F91F" ID-CoL="8HR3F" authority="Stal, 1866: 106" authorityName="Stal" authorityPageNumber="106" authorityYear="1866" box="[151,407,1297,1320]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Sichaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="75A7EAE0FFCD89497D9DA734BAC8F91F" box="[151,235,1297,1320]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Sichaea</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="23424B03FFCD89497DF8A734BBB4F91F" author="Stal, C." box="[242,407,1297,1320]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="1 - 276" refId="ref59673" refString="Stal, C. (1866) Membracida and Centrotida. Hemiptera Africana, 4, 1 - 276." type="journal article" year="1866">Stål, 1866: 106</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="0FC96579FFCD89497D9DA714BB73F95F" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="476C36F2FFCD89497D9DA714B89DF97F" blockId="27.[151,702,1297,1384]" box="[151,702,1329,1352]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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<emphasis id="75A7EAE0FFCD89497D9DA714BB00F97F" box="[151,291,1329,1352]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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<typeStatus id="98688850FFCD89497D9DA714BAEAF97F" box="[151,201,1329,1352]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Type</typeStatus>
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species.
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</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="80D34D71FFCD89497C20A714B899F97F" authority="Stal, 1855: 98" authorityName="Stal" authorityPageNumber="98" authorityYear="1855" box="[298,698,1329,1352]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Acocephalus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="missellus">
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<emphasis id="75A7EAE0FFCD89497C20A714B839F97F" box="[298,538,1329,1352]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Acocephalus missellus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="23424B03FFCD89497F2BA714B899F97F" author="Stal, C." box="[545,698,1329,1352]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="89 - 100" refId="ref59591" refString="Stal, C. (1855) Hemiptera fran Kaferlandet. Ofversigt af Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps - Akadamiens Forhandlingar, 12, 89 - 100." type="journal article" year="1855">
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Stål,
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<emphasis id="75A7EAE0FFCD89497F5DA714B899F97F" box="[599,698,1329,1352]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">1855: 98</emphasis>
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</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="75A7EAE0FFCD89497FB0A714B89DF97F" box="[698,702,1329,1352]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">.</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="476C36F2FFCD89497D9DA774BB73F95F" blockId="27.[151,702,1297,1384]" box="[151,336,1361,1384]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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<emphasis id="75A7EAE0FFCD89497D9DA774BB2AF95F" box="[151,265,1361,1384]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Synonymy.</emphasis>
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None.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="0FC96579FFCD894E7D9DA7B3BE78FD44" lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="description">
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<paragraph id="476C36F2FFCD894E7D9DA7B3BEF9FD11" blockId="27.[151,1437,1430,2036]" lastBlockId="28.[151,1436,152,835]" lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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<emphasis id="75A7EAE0FFCD89497D9DA7B3BB0CF987" bold="true" box="[151,303,1430,1456]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Description.</emphasis>
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Adapted from
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<bibRefCitation id="23424B03FFCD89497CF8A7B3B8F0F987" author="Linnavuori, R." box="[498,723,1430,1456]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="196 - 252" refId="ref58150" refString="Linnavuori, R. (1972) Revisional studies on African leafhoppers (Homoptera Cicadelloidea). Revue de Zoologie et de Botanique Africaines, 86, 196 - 252." type="journal article" year="1972">Linnavuori (1972)</bibRefCitation>
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: “Small brown species. Body small and broad, anteriorly flattened. Head broader than pronotum, broadly spatulate, anterior margin lamellate. Face broad; anteclypeus tapering apicad, strongly swollen, shiny; frontoclypeus narrow and rather parallel-sided, moderately convex, irregularly rugose; genae strongly notched below eyes, episternum visible; lora narrow; ocellocular broad, antennae inserting much beyond eyes, antennal pits shallow, without any dorsal ledge. Crown slightly concave, anterior margin sharp and slightly upturned, disk irregularly punctate and longitudinally costate, ocelli absent or vestigial, coronal suture indistinct. Anterior tentorium branches reduced, membranous. Pronotum short and broad, lateral margins short, subparallel, carinate, anterior margin curvate, basal margin shallowly insinuated, disk densely and rather coarsely punctate and rugose. Scutellum with base shagreened and medially punctate, apex somewhat swollen and transversely rugose. Forewings coriaceous, strongly convex, densely and coarsely punctate, appendix absent, apical cells short, 3 closed apical cells. Legs short. Pro- and mesothoracic tibia only slightly flattened, gracile, not spinose, outer surface with a very indistinct longitudinal surface sulcus. Metathoracic femora rather short and flattened, apical macrosetae formula 2 + 0. Metathoracic tibia only slightly flattened, angular in section, rows I and II each with a line of stout macrosetae, rows III and IV with delicate macrosetae and short fine setae, apical margin of undersurface with a row macrosetae, tarsi setose. Male genitalia: Genital segment without macrosetae. Pygophore short and broad, sclerified; side lobes very short, triangular, without appendages. Anal tube broadly conical, short but extending beyond pygophore, sclerified. Valve rounded. Genital plates sharply triangular. Stylus elongate, apophysis short, digitate, preapical angle blunt, basal part narrowish. Connective small. Penis symmetrical, socle small, stem tubular, recurved dorsad, provided with apical processes, gonopore apical.”
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="476C36F2FFCA894E7DCDA317B895FD7B" blockId="28.[151,1436,152,835]" box="[199,694,306,332]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
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<emphasis id="75A7EAE0FFCA894E7DCDA317BB0AFD7B" bold="true" box="[199,297,306,332]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Species.</emphasis>
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[2]:
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<emphasis id="75A7EAE0FFCA894E7C68A317BBE1FD7C" box="[354,450,306,331]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">missella</emphasis>
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(Stål);
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<taxonomicName id="80D34D71FFCA894E7F10A317B895FD7B" authority="Stal." box="[538,694,306,332]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Sichaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="coriaria">
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<emphasis id="75A7EAE0FFCA894E7F10A317B859FD7C" box="[538,634,306,331]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">coriaria</emphasis>
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Stål.
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="476C36F2FFCA894E7DCDA37DBE78FD44" blockId="28.[151,1436,152,835]" box="[199,1115,344,371]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
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<emphasis id="75A7EAE0FFCA894E7DCDA37DBB3DFD45" bold="true" box="[199,286,344,370]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Range.</emphasis>
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<collectingCountry id="3FC47662FFCA894E7C2FA37CBB9FFD44" box="[293,444,345,371]" name="South Africa" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">South Africa</collectingCountry>
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(Caffraria; Durban, Natal; Terra Capensis; Umtentweni).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="0FC96579FFCA894E7DCDA35ABBFCFDAD" box="[199,479,383,410]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph id="476C36F2FFCA894E7DCDA35ABBFCFDAD" blockId="28.[151,1436,152,835]" box="[199,479,383,410]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
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<emphasis id="75A7EAE0FFCA894E7DCDA35ABB7FFDAE" bold="true" box="[199,348,383,409]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Host plants.</emphasis>
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Unknown.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="0FC96579FFCA894E7DCDA383BB26FDD0" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="476C36F2FFCA894E7DCDA383BB26FDD0" blockId="28.[151,1436,152,835]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
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||
<emphasis id="75A7EAE0FFCA894E7DCDA383BB99FDF7" bold="true" box="[199,442,422,448]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Material examined.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="80D34D71FFCA894E7CCBA382B86AFDF7" box="[449,585,422,448]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Sichaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
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<emphasis id="75A7EAE0FFCA894E7CCBA382B83DFDF7" box="[449,542,423,448]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Sichaea</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="F7BB3CAFFFCA894E7F2FA383B86AFDF7" box="[549,585,422,448]" collectionCode="AMNH, JRJ" country="South Africa" location="South Africa" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" specimenCount="4" specimenCount-female="4">sp.</materialsCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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:
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<specimenCount id="51D5FD7BFFCA894E7F5FA383B8EAFDF7" box="[597,713,422,448]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="female">4 females</specimenCount>
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, 1 (abdomen missing),
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<collectingCountry id="3FC47662FFCA894E7ED3A383BE51FDF7" box="[985,1138,422,448]" name="South Africa" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">South Africa</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectionCode id="21C2AE37FFCA894E7977A383BEFAFDF7" box="[1149,1241,422,448]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">AMNH</collectionCode>
|
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,
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<collectionCode id="21C2AE37FFCA894E79EFA383BF32FDF7" box="[1253,1297,422,448]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">JRJ</collectionCode>
|
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_Led1_274, 474–477.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="0FC96579FFCA894E7DCDA3D6B9BEFF74" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="476C36F2FFCA894E7DCDA3D6B9BEFF74" blockId="28.[151,1436,152,835]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<emphasis id="75A7EAE0FFCA894E7DCDA3D6BB63FE3A" bold="true" box="[199,320,499,525]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Remarks.</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="23424B03FFCA894E7C42A3D1B803FE39" author="Linnavuori, R." box="[328,544,500,526]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="196 - 252" refId="ref58150" refString="Linnavuori, R. (1972) Revisional studies on African leafhoppers (Homoptera Cicadelloidea). Revue de Zoologie et de Botanique Africaines, 86, 196 - 252." type="journal article" year="1972">Linnavuori (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
seemed somewhat hesitant to place
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80D34D71FFCA894E7ED8A3D1BE0CFE3A" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1866" box="[978,1071,500,525]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Sichaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="75A7EAE0FFCA894E7ED8A3D1BE0CFE3A" box="[978,1071,500,525]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Sichaea</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with
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<taxonomicName id="80D34D71FFCA894E7979A3D1BED2FE3A" authorityName="Linnavuori" authorityYear="1972" box="[1139,1265,500,525]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Afrorubria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="75A7EAE0FFCA894E7979A3D1BED2FE3A" box="[1139,1265,500,525]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Afrorubria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
, stating that it “resembles to some extent
|
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<taxonomicName id="80D34D71FFCA894E7CD1A03FB87AFE04" authorityName="Linnavuori" authorityYear="1972" box="[475,601,538,563]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Afrorubria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="75A7EAE0FFCA894E7CD1A03FB87AFE04" box="[475,601,538,563]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Afrorubria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the general habitus and in the male genitalia,” but then suggesting that it “possibly merits a tribe of its own” [within the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80D34D71FFCA894E7E2BA064B9ACFE6C" authorityName="Fairmaire" authorityYear="1855" box="[801,911,577,603]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Ledrinae">Ledrinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
], because of its small size. As shown in the phylogenetic analysis, the two genera clearly belong together. Minor differences, such as the presence or absence of ocelli, are insignificant: in some examined specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80D34D71FFCA894E7ECEA0AABE02FE9F" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1866" box="[964,1057,655,680]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Sichaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="75A7EAE0FFCA894E7ECEA0AABE02FE9F" box="[964,1057,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Sichaea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the ocelli were retained (in
|
||
<specimenCount id="51D5FD7BFFCA894E787BA0ABBB25FEF8" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
of the closely related undescribed “Genus 3,” they were completely absent). In all species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80D34D71FFCA894E7D9DA0F9BB3DFEC1" authorityName="Jones" authorityYear="2009" box="[151,286,732,758]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Afrorubrini">Afrorubrini</taxonomicName>
|
||
they are small. Linnavuori’s concern about
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80D34D71FFCA894E7E3EA0F9B9B3FEC2" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1866" box="[820,912,732,757]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Sichaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="75A7EAE0FFCA894E7E3EA0F9B9B3FEC2" box="[820,912,732,757]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Sichaea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
’s small size is resolved by the undescribed specimens, which were as small (Genus 2) and smaller (Genus 3). Linnavuori’s suggestion that the genus merited it own tribe applies to all the genera in this distinct group.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |